TW201930784A - Sealing device for mechanical stoker type incinerator, and mechanical stoker type incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a sealing device in a mechanical stoker type incinerator for sealing a gap between a drop wall (27) of the mechanical stoker type incinerator and a movable fire grate (16), the mechanical stoker type incinerator being provided with a plurality of fixed fire grates and a plurality of the movable fire grates (16), and in which an incineration object is subjected to incineration while conveying the incineration object, the sealing device includes: a front fire grate (31) disposed so that a distal end (31c) of the front fire grate (31) abuts on the movable fire grate (16); a support portion (32) having a top surface support plate (33) fixed to the drop wall (27) to support a top surface (31a) of the front fire grate (31) and a bottom surface support plate (34) disposed below the top surface support plate (33) to support a bottom surface (31b) of the front fire grate (31); and a spring (35) configured to urge the front fire grate (31) in a direction opposite to a direction in which the front fire grate (31) is moved with movement of the movable fire grate (16).

Description

Sealing device for mechanical hearth incinerator and mechanical hearth incinerator

The invention relates to a sealing device for a mechanical hearth type incinerator and a mechanical hearth type incinerator. This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-253145 filed in Japan on December 28, 2017, and the contents thereof are cited here.

As an incinerator for incineration of incinerated waste and the like, there is known a mechanical hearth type incinerator that can efficiently perform incineration without sorting a large amount of incinerated materials. As a mechanical hearth type incinerator, the following mechanical hearth type incinerator is known. The mechanical hearth type incinerator has a stepped structure and is provided with a drying section, a combustion section, and a post-combustion section, in order to exert drying, combustion, and post Burning functions.
In a mechanical hearth incinerator with a drying section, a combustion section, and a post-combustion section, a metal seal (front grate, or front grill) is provided immediately below the drop wall existing between each section, even if Even when the mobile grate moves, it is possible to prevent the inflow of combustion air from other than the grate (for example, refer to Patent Document 1).
[Prior Technical Literature]
[Patent Literature]

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-186010

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

In the above-mentioned conventional mechanical hearth type incinerator, the metal seal can follow the movement of the moving grate, rotate around the pin, and can move up and down. However, the rotational movement is likely to adversely affect the airtightness. In addition, when foreign matter is bitten between the metal seal and the moving grate, the foreign matter cannot be eliminated early, and air flows into the furnace from the bite gap, so abnormal combustion may occur.

An object of the present invention is to provide a sealing device for a mechanical hearth type incinerator and a mechanical hearth type incinerator capable of suppressing the movement of the front grate to a minimum and suppressing the decrease in hermeticity.

[Means to solve the problem]

The sealing device of the present invention is a sealing device for a mechanical hearth type incinerator. The mechanical hearth type incinerator is provided with a plurality of fixed grate and a plurality of mobile grate, and carries out the process while conveying the incinerated material. For incineration of incineration, the mechanical hearth type incinerator is sealed with a sealing device between the falling wall of the mechanical hearth type incinerator and the mobile grate. The device has a front grate, a support portion, and a spring. The front grate is configured such that the front end of the front grate is in contact with the moving grate. The support portion has: an upper surface support plate fixed to the drop wall , And supports the upper surface of the front grate; and a bottom surface support plate, which is disposed below the upper surface support plate and supports the bottom surface of the front grate, the spring is along with the front grate The front grate is urged in a direction opposite to the moving direction of the moving grate.

According to such a structure, the front grate pulled slightly by the moving grate and moved by the spring is acted on by the spring in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the moving grate. Therefore, even if garbage is caught between the moving grate and the front grate, there is a force to return the front grate where the garbage is caught. In addition, since the support portion restricts the movement of the front grate, the movement of the front grate can be suppressed to a minimum, and a decrease in airtightness can be suppressed.

The above-mentioned sealing device may include: a shaft-shaped member fixed to the front grate or the support portion and extending in a direction corresponding to the transport direction of the incinerated material; and a shaft support A portion that supports the shaft-shaped member to be slidable in the one direction.

According to such a structure, by restricting the moving direction of the front grate by the shaft-shaped member and the shaft support portion, the contact state between the front grate and the moving grate can be improved.

In the above-mentioned sealing device, it may be provided with a moving direction restricting part that restricts the moving direction of the front grate to advance and retreat in the one direction, and the moving direction restricting part has a through hole, which It is formed in the front grate and is longer in the one direction; and a guide member that is fixed to the support portion and passes through the through hole.

According to such a configuration, the moving direction restricting portion restricts the moving direction of the front grate, and the contact state between the front grate and the moving grate can be further improved.

The mechanical hearth type incinerator equipped with the sealing device of the present invention is a mechanical hearth type incinerator of the sequential conveyance type, and the to-be-incinerated material is supplied from the feeder, and is provided with a plurality of fixed grate and a plurality of mobile grate. The drying section, the combustion section, and the post-combustion section carry out drying, combustion, and post-combustion while sequentially transporting the incinerated material. The drying section is inclinedly arranged such that the downstream side of the conveying direction faces downward. The combustion section is connected to the drying section and is arranged obliquely so that the downstream side of the conveying direction faces upward, and the post-combustion section is connected to the combustion section and is arranged obliquely so that the downstream side of the conveying direction faces upward , In a state where the front grate is forced in the direction of pushing the front grate toward the downstream side of the conveying direction, the drop wall between the drying section and the combustion section A sealing device for any of the above-mentioned mechanical hearth incinerators is provided.

In the above-mentioned mechanical hearth type incinerator, the feeder and the feeder may be in a state where the front grate is biased in a direction in which the front grate is pulled upstream in the conveying direction. Any of the above-mentioned sealing devices for mechanical hearth incinerators is arranged on the falling wall between the combustion sections.

[Effect of invention]

According to the present invention, it is possible to suppress the movement of the front grate to a minimum, and it is possible to suppress a decrease in hermeticity, that is, to improve the hermeticity.

Hereinafter, the mechanical hearth type incinerator in which the sealing device for the mechanical hearth type incinerator of the present invention is disposed will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
The mechanical hearth type incinerator of this embodiment is a mechanical hearth type incinerator for burning incinerated materials such as garbage, and as shown in FIG. Furnace 3, a feeder 4 that supplies the incinerator T to the incinerator 3, a mechanical hearth 5 (mechanical stoker) provided on the bottom side of the incinerator 3, which includes a drying section 11, a combustion section 12 and a post The grate (15, 16) of the combustion section (13), the air chamber (6) provided below the mechanical hearth (5), and the drop wall (first drop wall) (27) and 28 (second drop) provided on the mechanical hearth (5) Wall), 29 (third drop wall) sealing device 30 (sealing device for mechanical hearth incinerator).

The feeder 4 pushes the incinerated substance T continuously supplied to the feeder platform 7 via the hopper 2 into the incinerator 3. The feeder 4 uses the feeder driving device 8 to reciprocate on the feeder platform 7 with a predetermined stroke.
The air chamber 6 supplies primary air from a blower (not shown) to each part of the mechanical hearth 5.
The incinerator 3 is provided above the mechanical hearth 5 and has a combustion chamber 9 composed of a primary combustion chamber and a secondary combustion chamber. A blower 10 that supplies secondary air to the combustion chamber 9 is connected to the incinerator 3.

The mechanical hearth 5 is a combustion device formed by arranging the grate 15 and 16 in a step shape. The incinerated substance T is burned on the mechanical hearth 5.
Hereinafter, the direction in which the incinerated substance T is transported is referred to as the transport direction D. The incinerated substance T is transported along the transport direction D on the mechanical hearth 5. In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the left side is the upstream side D1 in the conveying direction, and the right side is the downstream side D2 in the conveying direction. In addition, the surface on which the grate 15 and 16 are installed is called the installation surface, and the end portions (11b, 12b, and 13b) on the upstream side of the drying section 11, the combustion section 12, and the post-combustion section 13 are taken as the center, and the horizontal surface and the installation The angle formed by the face is called the hearth tilt angle (installation angle). When the downstream side D2 of the mounting surface in the transport direction faces upward from the horizontal plane, the hearth tilt angle is set to a positive value, and when the downstream side D2 of the mounting surface in the transport direction faces downward from the horizontal plane, The hearth inclination angle is set to a negative value, which is described here in this manner.

The mechanical hearth 5 has, in order from the upstream side D1 of the transport direction of the incinerated substance T, a drying section 11 for drying the incinerated substance T, a combustion section 12 for incineration of the incinerated substance T, and complete incineration of unburned components (post-combustion ) 的 后 烧 段 13。 After the combustion section 13. In the mechanical hearth 5, in the drying section 11, the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13, while the to-be-burned material T is sequentially transferred, the drying, combustion, and post-combustion are performed, respectively.
Each section 11, 12, 13 has a plurality of fixed grate 15 and a plurality of mobile grate 16.
The fixed grate 15 and the movable grate 16 are alternately arranged in the conveying direction D. The moving grate 16 reciprocates along the conveying direction D. The reciprocating motion of the mobile grate 16 is used to transport the incinerated substance T on the mechanical hearth 5 and stir it. That is, the lower layer portion of the incinerated substance T is moved to be replaced with the upper layer portion.

The drying section 11 receives the incinerated substance T pushed out by the feeder 4 and dropped into the incinerator 3, evaporates the moisture of the incinerated substance T, and thermally decomposes a part. The combustion section 12 ignites the incinerated substance T dried by the drying section 11 by the primary air supplied from the air chamber 6 below, and burns the volatile component and the fixed carbon component. The post-combustion section 13 burns unburned components such as fixed carbon components that have passed through the combustion section 12 without sufficient combustion until it is completely ashed.
An ash outlet 17 is provided at the outlet of the post-combustion section 13 after the post-combustion section. The ash is discharged from the incinerator 3 through the ash outlet 17.

The drying section 11, the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13 each have a drive mechanism 18 that drives the mobile grate 16. That is, the drying section 11, the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13 each independently have a drive mechanism 18 that drives a plurality of moving grate 16.

The driving mechanism 18 is mounted on the beam 19 which is installed on the mechanical hearth 5. The drive mechanism 18 includes a hydraulic cylinder 20 attached to the beam 19, an arm 21 that is operated by the hydraulic cylinder 20, and a beam 22 connected to the front end of the arm 21. The beam 22 and the mobile grate 16 are connected via a bracket 23.

According to the drive mechanism 18, the arm 21 is operated by the expansion and contraction of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 20. The beam 22 is configured to move the beam 22 along the mounting surfaces 11 a, 12 a, and 13 a of the mechanical hearth 5 along with the movement of the arm 21, and the movable grate 16 connected to the beam 22 is driven.

The drive mechanism 18 uses a hydraulic cylinder 20, but it is not limited to this. For example, a hydraulic motor, an electric cylinder, an electric linear motor, or the like can be used. In addition, the form of the drive mechanism 18 is not limited to the above-mentioned form, as long as it can reciprocate the movable grate 16 and may be any form of drive mechanism. For example, it is possible to directly connect and drive the beam 22 and the hydraulic cylinder 20 without arranging the arm 21.

In the mechanical hearth incinerator 1, the driving speed of the moving grate 16 in the drying section 11, the combustion section 12, and the post-combustion section 13 can be set to the same speed as each other, or in the drying section 11, the combustion section 12 At least a part of the post-combustion section 13 is set to a different speed.
For example, in the case where an incineration substance T required to be sufficiently combusted in the combustion section 12 is input, the incineration substance T on the combustion section 12 is slowed down by slowing down the driving speed of the moving grate 16 of the combustion section 12 The conveying speed can fully burn.

As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed grate 15 and the movable grate 16 are arranged so that the downstream side D2 in the conveying direction is inclined upward with respect to the mounting surfaces 11 a, 12 a, and 13 a of the drying section 11, combustion section 12, and post-combustion section 13. In addition, the grate 15 and 16 are arrange | positioned so that the front end of the grate 15 and 16 may face the downstream D2 of a conveyance direction. With this, the moving grate 16 is operated so as to transport the incinerated substance T on the fixed grate 15 to the downstream D2 in the transport direction.

A part of the moving grate 16 of the drying section 11 is a grate 16P with protrusions (the other is a general grate described later). As shown in FIG. 2, the moving grate 16 of the length R1 of the drying section 11 from the end of the downstream side D2 in the conveying direction to the range R1 of 50% to 80% is the grate 16P with protrusions. By using the grate 16P with protrusions, the stirring force can be increased.
The fixed grate 15 is a grate with no protrusions on the upper surface of the front end, and this shape is called a general grate.

In addition, in this embodiment, only the movable grate 16 is set as the grate 16P with a protrusion, but it is not limited to this, and both the movable grate 16 and the fixed grate 15 may be set as belts Protruding grate.
In addition, the range in which the grate 16P with protrusions is provided is not limited to the above range. For example, all the grate in the drying section 11 may be the grate 16P with protrusions.
In addition, depending on the properties and types of the incinerated substance T, all the grate (fixed grate and mobile grate) in the drying stage may be used as ordinary grate.

Like the drying section 11, a part of the moving grate 16 of the combustion section 12 is a grate 16P with protrusions. Specifically, the moving grate 16 of the length R2 of the combustion section 12 from the end of the downstream D2 in the conveying direction to the range R2 of 50% to 80% is the grate 16P with protrusions. The other mobile grate 16 of the combustion section 12 is an ordinary grate. Like the drying section 11, depending on the properties and types of the incinerated substance T, both the movable grate 16 and the fixed grate 15 can be set as grate with protrusions, or all the grate can be used (Fixed grate and mobile grate) are set as ordinary grate.
Regarding the grate of the post-combustion section 13, FIG. 2 shows the case where both the movable grate 16 and the fixed grate 15 are all ordinary grate, but it can also be combined with the drying section 11 and the combustion section 12 The grate with protrusions is also used.

Next, the hearth inclination angle (installation angle) of the drying section 11, the combustion section 12, and the post-combustion section 13 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the drying section 11 of the mechanical hearth 5 of this embodiment is arranged downward. That is, the mounting surface 11a of the drying section 11 is inclined so that the downstream side in the conveying direction is low. Specifically, the angle between the horizontal plane centering on the upstream end 11b of the drying section 11 and the conveying direction side of the mounting surface 11a, that is, the hearth inclination angle θ1 of the drying section 11 is -15 ° (minus 15 degrees) to Angle between -25 ° (minus 25 degrees).

The combustion section 12 of the mechanical hearth 5 of this embodiment is arranged upward. That is, the mounting surface 12a of the combustion section 12 is inclined so that the downstream side in the conveying direction is higher. Specifically, the angle between the horizontal plane centering on the upstream end 12b of the combustion section 12 and the conveyance direction side of the mounting surface 12a, that is, the hearth inclination angle θ2 of the combustion section 12 is + 5 ° (plus 5 degrees) to + 15 ° (plus 15 degrees).

The post combustion section 13 of the mechanical hearth 5 of this embodiment is arranged upward. That is, the mounting surface 13a of the post-combustion stage 13 is inclined so that the downstream side in the conveying direction is high. Specifically, the angle between the horizontal plane centered on the upstream end 13b of the post-combustion section 13 and the conveying direction side of the mounting surface 13a, that is, the hearth inclination angle θ3 of the post-combustion section 13 is + 5 ° (positive 5 degrees) To an angle between + 15 ° (plus 15 degrees).

A first drop wall 27 (stage) is formed between the feeder platform 7 and the drying section 11. The mechanical hearth 5 has a first sealing device 30A that seals between the first drop wall 27 and the moving grate 16. The first sealing device 30A is a device that prevents the inflow of combustion air from other than the grate when the moving grate 16 of the drying section 11 has moved.

As shown in FIG. 3, the first sealing device 30A has a front grate 31 configured such that its front end (downstream side D2 in the conveying direction) is in contact with the moving grate 16; and a support portion 32 that supports the front grate 31 To be able to slide; a spring 35 (compression coil spring), which urges the front grate 31 in a direction opposite to the direction in which the front grate 31 moves along with the movement of the moving grate 16; And the moving direction restricting part 44 which restricts the moving direction of the front grate 31.
The angle of the front grate 31 of the first sealing device 30A with respect to the horizontal plane corresponds to the angle of the mounting surface 11a of the drying section 11. That is, the front grate 31 of the first sealing device 30A is arranged so that the downstream D2 in the conveying direction faces downward.
The moving direction of the front grate 31 is the direction along the conveying direction D, but strictly speaking, the direction along the mounting surface 11a of the drying section 11 inclined so that the downstream side D2 of the conveying direction is downward.

The support portion 32 has an upper surface support plate 33 which is fixed to the first drop wall 27 and supports the upper surface 31a of the front grate 31, and a bottom surface support plate 34 which is fixed to the upper surface support plate 33 and The lower surface 31b of the front grate 31 is supported.

The front grate 31 has a front grate body 37 formed in a rectangular plate shape and provided with a protrusion 31c at the front end, and a shaft-shaped member 38 connected to the rear end of the front grate body 37. An external thread groove is formed in at least a part of the shaft-shaped member 38.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the front grate body 37 is a plate-shaped member formed in a rectangular shape. The protrusion 31c is formed to be in contact with the back surface 16a of the moving grate 16. The protrusion 31c extends along the width direction of the incinerator 3 (direction orthogonal to the paper surface of FIG. 1). By bringing the protrusion 31c into contact with the moving grate 16 in the entire width direction, the inflow of combustion air from outside the grate is prevented.

The upper surface support plate 33 is a plate-shaped member that supports the upper surface 31 a of the front grate 31. The upper surface support plate 33 and the front grate 31 are arranged so that the lower surface 33 a of the upper surface support plate 33 is in surface contact with the upper surface 31 a of the front grate 31.
The upper surface support plate 33 is inclined so that the downstream side D2 in the conveying direction is low. At the end of the upper surface support plate 33 in the conveying direction on the upstream side D1 is provided a first shaft support portion 40 that supports the shaft member 38 of the front grate 31 along the front grate 31 The direction of movement M is free to slide. The first shaft support portion 40 of this embodiment is a bearing provided on the first shaft support plate 39 formed by bending the upper surface support plate 33.

The bottom support plate 34 is a plate-shaped member that supports the lower surface 31b of the front grate 31. The bottom support plate 34 and the front grate 31 are arranged so that the upper surface 34 a of the bottom support plate 34 is in surface contact with the lower surface 31 b of the front grate 31. The bottom surface support plate 34 is arranged so that the main surface of the top surface support plate 33 is parallel to the main surface of the bottom surface support plate 34.

The bottom surface support plate 34 is fixed to the upper surface support plate 33 via a second shaft support plate 41 formed by bending the end of the bottom surface support plate 34 on the upstream side D1 in the conveying direction. The second shaft support plate 41 is provided with a second shaft support 42 that supports the shaft member 38 of the front grate 31 in cooperation with the first shaft support 40. The second shaft support portion 42 is a bearing provided on the second shaft support plate 41.

The first shaft support portion 40 and the second shaft support portion 42 support the shaft member 38 of the front grate 31 such that the shaft member 38 is along the direction M corresponding to the conveying direction D, that is, along the direction M The main surfaces of the upper surface support plate 33 and the bottom surface support plate 34 are parallel to each other. In other words, the shaft-shaped member 38 extends in the direction M by being supported by the first shaft support portion 40 and the second shaft support portion 42.
The front grate 31 is restricted from moving in the direction orthogonal to the direction M by the upper surface support plate 33 and the bottom surface support plate 34, but the axis direction movement of the shaft member 38 is not restricted.

The movement direction restricting portion 44 has two through holes 45 formed in the front grate 31 and long in the direction M, and two guide members 46 that pass through the through holes 45 and are fixed to the support portion 32. As shown in FIG. 4, the through hole 45 is a long hole formed along the movement direction of the front grate 31. The guide member 46 is a bar-shaped member provided to connect the upper surface support plate 33 and the bottom surface support plate 34. The guide member 46 can be formed of a bolt, for example.

The spring 35 is arranged between the nut 47 screwed into the external thread groove of the shaft member 38 and the first shaft support plate 39. The shaft-shaped member 38 passes through the inside of the spring 35. One end of the spring 35 is fixed to the nut 47, and the other end of the spring 35 is fixed to the first shaft support plate 39. That is, the elastic force of the spring 35 acts on the nut 47 and the first shaft support plate 39.

The spring 35 of the sealing device 30A of the first drop wall 27 is balanced in a state where the front grate 31 is biased in the direction of drawing the upstream side D1 in the conveying direction. From this state, when the current grate 31 moves to the downstream D2 in the conveying direction along with the movement of the moving grate 16 to the downstream D2 in the conveying direction, the spring 35 expands. The spring 35 extends from the balanced state to urge the front grate 31 toward the upstream side D1 in the conveying direction (the direction opposite to the direction in which the front grate 31 moves with the movement of the moving grate 16).

When the front grate 31 moves to the upstream D1 in the conveying direction as the moving grate 16 moves to the upstream D1 in the conveying direction, the spring 35 contracts. The spring 35 is contracted from the balanced state to urge the front grate 31 toward the downstream side D2 in the conveying direction (the direction opposite to the direction in which the front grate 31 moves with the movement of the moving grate 16).

A second drop wall 28 is formed between the drying section 11 and the combustion section 12. The end portion 11 c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the drying section 11 is formed to be higher in the vertical direction than the end portion 12 b on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the combustion section 12.
A second sealing device 30B is provided on the second drop wall 28. As shown in FIG. 5, the angle of the front grate 31 of the second sealing device 30B with respect to the horizontal plane corresponds to the angle of the mounting surface 12 a of the combustion section 12. That is, the front grate 31 of the second sealing device 30B is arranged so that the downstream D2 in the conveying direction faces upward.

The spring 35 of the second sealing device 30B is balanced in a state where the front grate 31 is urged in the direction of pushing out the downstream side D2 in the conveying direction. From this state, when the front grate 31 moves to the downstream D2 in the conveying direction along with the movement of the moving grate 16 toward the downstream D2 in the conveying direction, the spring 35 expands. The spring 35 extends from the balanced state to urge the front grate 31 toward the upstream side D1 in the conveying direction (the direction opposite to the direction in which the front grate 31 moves along with the movement of the moving grate 16).

When the front grate 31 moves to the upstream D1 in the conveying direction as the moving grate 16 moves to the upstream D1 in the conveying direction, the spring 35 contracts. The spring 35 is contracted from the balanced state to urge the front grate 31 toward the downstream side D2 in the conveying direction (the direction opposite to the direction in which the front grate 31 moves along with the movement of the moving grate 16).

Similarly, a third drop wall 29 is formed between the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13. The end portion 12 c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the combustion section 12 is formed to be higher in the vertical direction than the end portion 13 b on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the post-combustion section 13.
A third sealing device 30C is provided on the third drop wall 29. The structure of the third sealing device 30C is the same as the second sealing device 30B.

The spring 35 constituting the sealing device 30 can be adjusted by changing the position of the nut 47. In the sealing device 30 of this embodiment, the spring 35 can be extended by bringing the nut 47 close to the front grate body 37.

In addition, the end 12c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the combustion section 12 and the end 13c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the post-combustion section 13 are arranged at substantially the same position in the vertical direction, or the end 13c of the post-combustion section 13 It is arranged above the end 12c of the combustion section 12. The mechanical hearth incinerator 1 of this embodiment is provided with the end 12c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the combustion section 12 and the end 13c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the post-combustion section 13 at the same position in the vertical direction example.

Next, the reason for setting the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 to an angle between -15 ° (minus 15 degrees) and -25 ° (minus 25 degrees) will be described.
The function of the drying section 11 is to more efficiently dry the moisture in the incinerated substance T from the radiant heat from the flame above the incinerated substance T and the sensible heat from the primary air below the grate.
Here, compared with the sensible heat of the primary air, the radiant heat from the flame has a higher contribution to the drying, and the drying of the upper part of the incinerated substance T is easy to advance.
Therefore, the stirring action by the grate moves the lower layer portion of the incinerated substance T upward and replaces it with the upper layer portion, thereby increasing the drying speed.
However, even if the stirring operation is performed, combustion is basically not performed in the drying section 11, and therefore, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient length for moisture evaporation. The longer the length, the larger the device and the more costly, so it is required to shorten the hearth length as much as possible.

When the absolute value of the hearth inclination angle is greater than the angle of repose of the incinerated object T, it will collapse due to its own weight and the incinerated object T layer will not be formed. Therefore, the mechanical hearth 5 cannot be configured. On the other hand, when the absolute value of the hearth inclination angle is smaller than the rest angle of the incinerated substance T, although it can be configured as a hearth, the movement due to the gravity of the incinerated substance T (movement due to its own weight) decreases. Furthermore, when the installation surface is inclined upward, that is, when the hearth inclination angle is a positive value (positive value), gravity acts in a direction to push the incinerated substance T back from the conveyance direction.
When the transport amount of the incinerated substance T by the mechanical hearth 5 is lower than the amount of the incinerated substance T charged, it becomes the transport limit and cannot be processed.

The optimal hearth inclination angle varies according to the amount of incinerated substance T input and the moisture content of incinerated substance T. Here, the case where the amount of the incinerated substance T to be inputted is large and the water content is high (the water content is large) will be described as the case where the load of the incinerated substance to be inputted is large. Conversely, the case where the amount of the incinerated substance T input is small and the moisture content is low is the case where the load of the incinerated substance input is small.

FIG. 8 shows an example in which the horizontal axis is the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 and the vertical axis is the necessary hearth length of the drying section 11, starting from the case where the load of the incinerated substance is the largest (1) to The relationship between the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 and the necessary hearth length of the drying section 11 is drawn up to the case where the load of the incinerated material is the smallest (4).
Here, the required hearth length refers to the distance at which 95% of the moisture of the input incinerated substance T is dried. The "angle of repose" on the horizontal axis represents the angle of repose of the incinerated substance T.

As shown in the graph of FIG. 8, the inclination angle of the hearth -30 ° is the limit for forming the T layer of the incinerated material. The hearth tilt angle with respect to the limit of the formation of the layer is slowed, so that the necessary hearth length is reduced, but when the hearth tilt angle becomes positive, the necessary hearth length gradually becomes longer. This is because, when the inclination angle of the hearth becomes a positive value, the mounting surface faces upward, and the conveying speed becomes slower. As a result, the layer of incinerated substance T becomes thicker, and drying of the incinerated substance T in the lower layer becomes difficult Advance.
It can be known from the four cases from the case where the load of the incinerated substance T input is the largest (1) to the case where the load of the incinerated substance T input is the smallest (4), regardless of the properties and amount of the incinerated substance T , Can be properly processed, and in terms of the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 that can make the length of the hearth be the shortest, -15 ° (minus 15 degrees) to -25 ° (minus 25 degrees) The angle between is an appropriate range. Also, the optimal value is -20 ° (minus 20 degrees).

Next, when the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 is set to an appropriate range as described above, it is suitable to set the hearth inclination angle of the combustion section 12 to + 5 ° (positive 5 degrees) to + 15 ° (positive The reason for the angle between 15 degrees) will be explained.
The function of the combustion section 12 is to use radiant heat from the flame and spontaneous combustion heat to maintain the temperature of the T layer of the incinerated substance, and to promote the generation of combustible gas caused by the thermal decomposition of volatile components, and the remaining Combustion of fixed carbon.

Here, the time required for the combustion of the fixed carbon is longer than the time required for the volatilization of the volatile combustible gas. Therefore, the necessary hearth length of the combustion section 12 is determined by the time required for the combustion of the fixed carbon.

In FIG. 9, when the hearth tilt angle of the drying section 11 is set to an appropriate range as described above, the horizontal axis is the hearth tilt angle of the combustion section, and the vertical axis is the necessary hearth length of the combustion section, The relationship between the inclination angle of the hearth of the combustion section and the necessary hearth length of the combustion section is drawn from the case where the load of the incinerated substance is highest (1) to the case where the load of the incinerated substance is smallest (4). Here, the necessary hearth length of the combustion section refers to the distance at which 95% of combustible components are volatilized or burned.

As shown in Fig. 9, the inclination angle of the furnace bed is -30 ° as the limit for forming the T layer of the incinerated material. The inclination angle of the hearth with respect to the limit of the layer is slowed down, so that the necessary hearth length is reduced accordingly. In consideration of the conveying limit, an appropriate range of the hearth inclination angle can be set as a range surrounded by a chain line shown in FIG. 9.

In the drying section 11, even in the case where the load of the incinerated material is large, since the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 is within an appropriate range, the drying section 11 can promote the reduction of the moisture content and volume of the garbage. Therefore, for example, even if the load in the drying section 11 is a load corresponding to (1), the load in the combustion section 12 will change to a load corresponding to (3) or (4). Therefore, in the combustion section 12, it is possible to Use a larger hearth tilt angle. That is, since the combustion section can be directed upward, the residence time required for the combustion of fixed carbon can be secured, and the hearth length can be shortened.

In FIG. 10, the horizontal axis is the hearth inclination angle of the combustion section 12, and the vertical axis is the length of the hearth required for both the drying section 11 and the combustion section 12. From case (1) to the case where the load of the incinerated substance T charged is the smallest (4), the hearth inclination angle of the combustion section 12 and the hearth required for both the drying section 11 and the combustion section 12 are plotted The relationship of length. Here, the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 is -20 ° (minus 20 degrees) as an optimal value.

As shown in FIG. 10, it can be seen that, considering the transportation limit, the proper range of the hearth inclination angle of the combustion section 12 is an angle between + 8 ° (plus 8 degrees) to + 12 ° (plus 12 degrees). In addition, when the hearth inclination angle of the drying section 11 is -20 ° (minus 20 degrees) as an optimal value, the optimum value of the hearth inclination angle of the combustion section 12 is + 10 ° (+10 degrees) .
Regarding the necessary hearth length of the drying section 11 and the combustion section 12, by setting the inclination angle of each hearth to an appropriate range, especially to an optimal value, it is possible to set the hearth length as short as possible Therefore, even if the post-combustion section 13 is included, it can be a small-sized, low-cost mechanical hearth incinerator.

By tilting the drying section 11 downward, no matter what kind of incinerated substance T is, it can be transported to the combustion section 12 without stagnation, and by inclining the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13 upward, The incinerated substance T is sufficiently combusted and transported without easily causing the incinerated substance T to slide or roll down downstream of the combustion section 12.

That is, in the case of an incinerator T that is a material that is easy to slide or that is easy to roll, it is transported to the combustion section 12 early due to rolling or the like in the drying section 11, and therefore, there is a problem that the drying section 11 cannot be performed sufficiently Possibility of drying. However, since the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13 are inclined upwards, the incinerated substance T after rolling in the drying section 11 will not further roll down in the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13, and the combustion section 12 must be fully To dry and incinerate. Since the incinerated substance T having a high moisture content is dried without being stored in the drying section 11 and transported to the combustion section 12, the combustion section 12 is necessarily incinerated sufficiently in the same manner.
Thereby, regardless of the properties of the incinerated substance T, the incinerated substance T can be continuously charged, and the complete post-combustion of the incinerated substance T can be performed.

In addition, the end portion 13c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the post-combustion section 13 is arranged in the vertical direction at substantially the same position as the end portion 12c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the combustion section 12, or at the end than the end of the combustion section 12 The portion 12c is located above. Thereby, even if the incinerated substance T rolls off in the drying section 11 or the like, it is possible to prevent the incinerated substance T from being discharged from the post-combustion section 13 without being sufficiently combusted.

According to the above-described embodiment, the force of pulling by the spring 35 in the direction opposite to the moving direction of the moving grate 16 acts on the front grate 31 that is slightly pulled by the moving grate 16 and moves slightly. Therefore, even if the entrapment of garbage occurs between the moving grate 16 and the front grate 31, a force that returns the front grate 31 with the entrapped garbage acts.
In addition, since the support portion 32 restricts the movement direction of the front grate 31, the movement of the front grate 31 can be suppressed to a minimum, and a decrease in hermeticity can be suppressed.

In addition, by restricting the moving direction of the front grate 31 to only the direction in contact with the moving grate by the shaft-shaped member 38 and the shaft support portions 40 and 42, the contact between the front grate 31 and the moving grate 16 can be improved status.
In addition, by using the movement direction restricting portion 44 including the through hole 45 and the guide member 46, the contact state of the front grate 31 and the moving grate 16 can be further improved.

In addition, in the mechanical hearth type incinerator in which the drying section 11 faces downward at the above-mentioned angle and the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13 face upward at the above-mentioned angle, the sealing device 30 of the present invention is arranged such that the direction of force application is As described above, the "expansion direction" and the "drawing direction" are appropriately set, so that the airtightness of the mechanical hearth incinerator can be improved.

It should be noted that the structure of the shaft-shaped member 38 and the shaft support portion of the sealing device 30 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the shaft-shaped member 38B may be fixed to the support portion 32B (upper surface support plate 33B), and the cylindrical shaft support portion 40B may be fixed to the front grate body 37. The spring 35 connects the nut 47 to the shaft support portion 40B. The shaft support portion 40B can slide on the inner peripheral surface of the through hole 41 a of the second shaft support plate 41 formed in the bottom surface support plate 34.
That is, the front grate 31 may have any configuration as long as it can urge the front grate 31 in a direction opposite to the direction in which the front grate 31 moves along with the movement of the moving grate 16.
In addition, the sealing device 30 is not limited to this embodiment, and can be effectively applied to a mechanical hearth type incinerator in which a plate-shaped moving grate exists directly under the drop wall and reciprocates. When the direction of the inclination of each stage of the hearth is different, it is possible to cope with the same mechanism, and the equipment cost can be reduced accordingly, which is more preferable.

[Variation]
Hereinafter, a modification of the mechanical hearth type incinerator in which the sealing device for the mechanical hearth type incinerator of the present invention is disposed will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that, in this modification, differences from the above-described embodiment will be mainly described, and description of the same parts will be omitted.
As shown in FIG. 7, there is no stage (falling wall) between the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13 of the mechanical hearth 5. That is, the combustion section 12 and the post-combustion section 13 are continuously connected. In other words, the end 12c on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the combustion section 12 and the end 13b on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the post-combustion section 13 are formed at the same height.
The second sealing device 30B is provided only on the second drop wall 28 between the drying section 11 and the combustion section 12.

According to this modified example, even if the inclination of the incinerated substance T after the drying section 11 rolls is strong and passes the combustion section 12 with this decline, it will stop at least in the post-combustion section 13 without going from the post-combustion section 13 discharge. In addition, by continuously connecting the post-combustion section 13 and the combustion section 12 in stages, even if there is incompletely burned incinerator T entering the post-combustion section 13 by rolling or the like, the incomplete combustion The incinerated substance T can also be returned to the combustion section 12 by its own weight and combusted. In other words, it is possible to reduce the discharge of the incinerated substance T which has not been completely burnt.
In this modification, also by arranging the sealing device 30 so that the force application direction is appropriately set to the "extrusion direction" and the "drawing direction", the mechanical hearth type incinerator can be improved. The airtightness is the same as the example.

The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes design changes and the like that do not deviate from the scope of the gist of the present invention.
In addition, the structure which urges the front grate 31 is not limited to the above-mentioned structure, For example, you may employ the structure which uses a tension coil spring and a disc spring instead of a compression coil spring.

1‧‧‧Mechanical hearth incinerator

2‧‧‧hopper

3‧‧‧Incinerator

4‧‧‧supplier

5‧‧‧Mechanical hearth

6‧‧‧wind room

7‧‧‧ feeder platform

8‧‧‧Driver for feeder

9‧‧‧combustion chamber

10‧‧‧Blower

11‧‧‧ drying section

11a‧‧‧Dry section installation surface

12‧‧‧Burning section

12a‧‧‧Burning section installation surface

13‧‧‧Post-combustion section

13a‧‧‧Installation surface of the rear combustion section

15‧‧‧Fixed grate

16‧‧‧Mobile grate

16a‧‧‧Move the back of grate 16

16P‧‧‧Grate with protrusions

17‧‧‧ Ash residue

18‧‧‧Drive mechanism

19‧‧‧ Liang

20‧‧‧Hydraulic cylinder

21‧‧‧arm

22‧‧‧beam

23‧‧‧Bracket

27‧‧‧The first drop wall

28‧‧‧Second drop wall

29‧‧‧The third drop wall

30‧‧‧Closed device

30A‧‧‧The first closed device

30B‧‧‧Second closed device

30C‧‧‧The third closed device

31‧‧‧Front Grate

31a‧‧‧upper surface

31b‧‧‧Lower surface

31c‧‧‧Protrusion (front end)

32‧‧‧Support

33‧‧‧Upper surface support plate

33a‧‧‧The lower surface of the upper surface support plate 33

34‧‧‧Bottom support plate

34a‧‧‧The upper surface of the bottom support plate 34

35‧‧‧Spring

37‧‧‧Front grate body

38、38B‧‧‧Shaft-shaped member

39‧‧‧The first shaft support plate

40‧‧‧The first shaft support

41‧‧‧Second shaft support plate

42‧‧‧Second shaft support

44‧‧‧Movement direction restriction

45‧‧‧Through hole

46‧‧‧Guide components

47‧‧‧Nut

D‧‧‧Conveying direction

D1‧‧‧Upstream side of conveying direction

D2‧‧‧Conveying direction downstream

M‧‧‧Movement direction of the front grate 31

T‧‧‧Incinerated

θ1, θ2, θ3 ‧‧‧ hearth tilt angle

1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a mechanical hearth type incinerator in which a sealing device for a mechanical hearth type incinerator of the present invention is arranged.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a mechanical hearth tilt angle of the mechanical hearth incinerator of FIG. 1.

3 is a side cross-sectional view of a sealing device provided in the first drop wall of the mechanical hearth incinerator of FIG. 1.

Fig. 4 is a view taken along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3 and is a cross-sectional view of the sealing device of the present invention.

5 is a side cross-sectional view of a sealing device provided in the second drop wall of the mechanical hearth incinerator of FIG. 1.

6 is a side cross-sectional view of a sealing device according to a modification of the present invention.

7 is a diagram illustrating a modification of the mechanical hearth type incinerator in which the sealing device for the mechanical hearth type incinerator of the present invention is disposed.

FIG. 8 is a graph illustrating an appropriate range of the hearth inclination angle of the drying section between -15 ° and -25 °.

9 is a graph illustrating an appropriate range of the inclination angle of the hearth of the combustion section between + 5 ° and + 15 °.

FIG. 10 illustrates that the appropriate range of the hearth inclination angle of the combustion section is set to an angle between + 8 ° and + 12 °, and the optimal value is + 10 °, considering both the drying section and the combustion section Reason chart.

Claims (5)

A sealed device for a mechanical hearth type incinerator, the mechanical hearth type incinerator is provided with a plurality of fixed grate and a plurality of mobile grate, and incineration of the incinerated material while conveying the incinerated material, The sealing device for the mechanical hearth type incinerator seals the falling wall of the mechanical hearth type incinerator and the mobile grate, and is characterized in that: The sealing device for a mechanical hearth incinerator has a front grate, a supporting portion, and a spring, The front grate is configured such that the front end of the front grate is in contact with the mobile grate, The support portion has an upper surface support plate that is fixed to the drop wall and supports the upper surface of the front grate; and a bottom surface support plate that is disposed below the upper surface support plate and supports The bottom surface of the front grate, The spring biases the front grate in a direction opposite to the direction in which the front grate moves along with the movement of the moving grate. The sealing device for a mechanical hearth incinerator as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein, More: A shaft-shaped member, which is fixed to the front grate or the supporting portion, and extends in a direction corresponding to the transport direction of the incinerated material; and The shaft support portion supports the shaft-shaped member so as to be slidable in the one direction. The sealing device for a mechanical hearth incinerator as described in item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein, It further has a moving direction restricting part that restricts the moving direction of the front grate to advance and retreat in the one direction, The moving direction restricting part has: A through hole formed in the front grate and longer in the one direction; and The guide member is fixed to the support portion and passes through the through hole. A mechanical hearth-type incinerator, which supplies an incinerated material from a feeder, and sequentially transports the object in a drying section, a combustion section, and a post-combustion section provided with multiple fixed grate and multiple mobile grate The incineration product is a mechanical hearth type incinerator with sequential conveying, drying, burning, and post-combustion on one side. The drying section is arranged obliquely so that the downstream side in the conveying direction faces downward, The combustion section is connected to the drying section and is arranged obliquely so that the downstream side in the conveying direction faces upward, The post-combustion section is connected to the combustion section and is arranged obliquely so that the downstream side in the conveying direction faces upward, The drop wall between the drying section and the combustion section is disposed in a state where the front grate is pushed toward the downstream side of the conveying direction with a force applied to the front grate There is a sealing device for a mechanical hearth incinerator as described in any of items 1 to 3 of the patent application. The mechanical hearth incinerator as described in item 4 of the patent application scope, wherein, In a state where the front grate is biased toward the upstream side in the conveying direction, the drop wall between the feeder and the combustion section is provided with the drop wall A sealing device for the mechanical hearth incinerator.