TW201911585A - Solar battery module and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An solar cell module includes: a first encapsulating material adhering to a front glass plate; a second encapsulating material connected to the first encapsulating material by a cross-link manner; a plurality of solar cells covered between the first and second encapsulating materials; a first sealing material connected around the stacked first and second encapsulating materials and adhered to the front glass plate, wherein the making material of the first sealing material is different from those of the first and second encapsulating materials, the water vapor transmission rate of the first sealing material is less than those of the first and second encapsulating materials, and the making material of the first sealing material includes Polyolefin Elastomer (POE); and a back plate material adhered by the second encapsulating material and the first sealing material.

Description

   Solar cell module and manufacturing method thereof   

The present invention relates to a solar cell module, and in particular to a method for manufacturing a solar cell module, which can be implemented by using a low water vapor permeability and high resistance sealing material (POE) to prevent water Area of Qi.

A solar cell is a photovoltaic element that converts light energy into electrical energy. It has become one of the important alternative energy sources due to its low pollution, low cost, and the availability of endless solar energy as an energy source. The basic structure of a solar cell is a combination of a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. When sunlight hits a solar substrate with this PN junction, light can excite electrons in silicon atoms to generate convection of electrons and holes. In addition, these electrons and holes are affected by a built-in electric field formed at the PN junction surface, and are collected at both ends of the negative electrode and the positive electrode, respectively, so that a voltage is generated at both ends of the solar cell. At this time, electrodes can be used to connect the two ends of the solar cell to an external circuit to form a loop, and then generate current. This process is the principle of solar cell power generation.

Solar modules include many materials, such as glass, the above-mentioned solar cells, encapsulant materials, wires, junction boxes, aluminum frames, backplanes, and the like. Since the solar module operates for a long time under the environment where the ambient light and temperature and humidity vary, the solar module needs to have good weather resistance characteristics. Among them, the packaging material is a key component in the solar module that has a long life span. When a solar module is placed outdoors for long-term power generation, water vapor will enter the packaging material from the edge of the solar module or a specific opening. For example, please refer to FIG. 1. The conventional solar module 9 includes glass 90, solar cells, and cross-linked packaging materials 91 and 92, and a back plate 95. The packaging materials 91 and 92 use ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer ( EVA; Ethylene Vinyl Acetate copolymer). However, EVA has a high water vapor permeability, which easily causes water vapor to infiltrate along the edges of solar modules, which seriously reduces the power generation of solar modules.

Therefore, there is a need for a solar cell module and a method for manufacturing the same to overcome the above problems.

An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell module, which can be implemented in a place where a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in an area where water vapor needs to be prevented, thereby reducing water vapor along the solar module. Edges or specific openings infiltrate the problem of reduced power generation of the derived solar modules.

According to the above object, the present invention provides a solar cell module, comprising: a front glass plate; a first encapsulating material for bonding the front glass plate; and a second encapsulating material for cross-linking and bonding the first encapsulating material. A plurality of solar cells connected to each other and covered between the first and second encapsulating materials; at least one first sealing material, cross-linked and joined to the first and second encapsulating materials after being stacked; Around, and bonded to the front glass plate, wherein the material of the first sealing material is different from the materials of the first and second encapsulating materials, the water vapor permeability of the first sealing material is lower than that of the first and second sealing materials. Water vapor permeability of the two sealing materials, and the material of the first sealing material includes a polyolefin elastomer; a back plate, which is adhered by the second sealing material and the first sealing material, wherein the first sealing material The second encapsulating material and the first encapsulating material are located between the front glass plate and the back plate, and the first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material and the first encapsulating material encapsulate the solar cells, And seal the front glass plate and the back plate Gap, and the front glass plate, the first encapsulating material, the solar cells, the second encapsulating material, the first sealing material and the back plate constitute a laminate; a junction box is arranged on the back On the plate, one of the solar cells' power transmission leads is connected to the junction box; and an outer frame is mounted around the laminate.

According to the solar cell module of the present invention, since the first sealing material (for example, POE) is cross-linked and bonded around four of the first and second encapsulating materials (for example, EVA) after being stacked, The first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material, and the first encapsulating material encapsulate the solar cells, and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate. More importantly, the first sealing material (such as POE) is located near the edge of the solar module, thereby reducing the problem of reduced power generation of the solar module caused by the infiltration of water and gas along the edge of the solar module. Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in the area that needs to prevent water vapor (such as near the edge of the solar module) to prevent water vapor from entering the solar energy. In the module, the problem of reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area is avoided, thereby achieving the required reliability.

1‧‧‧solar battery module

1’‧‧‧solar cell module

1 ”‧‧‧solar battery module

10‧‧‧ front glass

11‧‧‧The first encapsulation material

12‧‧‧Second Encapsulant

13‧‧‧The first sealing material

13a‧‧‧The first sealing material

13b‧‧‧The first sealing material

13c‧‧‧mouth pattern

13d‧‧‧U-shaped pattern

13e‧‧‧Front pattern

14‧‧‧Second sealing material

15‧‧‧Back sheet

151‧‧‧through opening

16‧‧‧junction box

17‧‧‧ frame

18‧‧‧ laminated

19‧‧‧ heat shrinkable film

6‧‧‧ solar cell

6’‧‧‧ solar cell

60‧‧‧ substrate

601‧‧‧front

602‧‧‧Back

61‧‧‧emitter layer

62‧‧‧Back electric field layer

63a‧‧‧First passivation layer

63b‧‧‧Second passivation layer

64a‧‧‧The first anti-reflection layer

64b‧‧‧Second anti-reflection layer

65‧‧‧ lead

65a‧‧‧front electrode

65b‧‧‧Back electrode

66‧‧‧Edge

67‧‧‧ power transmission line

9‧‧‧ solar module

90‧‧‧ glass

91‧‧‧Packaging material

92‧‧‧Packaging materials

95‧‧‧ back plate

S100 ~ S900‧‧‧step

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a conventional solar module.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a plurality of solar cells are serially welded.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-side illuminated solar cell according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a double-sided illuminated solar cell according to the present invention.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the solar cells after string welding are placed on a first encapsulating material.

FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a second encapsulating material is stacked on the first encapsulating material.

FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that at least one first sealing material is placed around four of the first and second encapsulating materials and Front glass.

FIG. 9a to FIG. 9d show four aspects of the first sealing material being cross-linked with the first and second encapsulating materials.

10a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the at least one first sealing material may be two layers of the first sealing material.

FIG. 10b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to another embodiment of the present invention, which shows that the two layers of the first sealing material partially cover the first and second encapsulating materials, respectively.

11a-11c are schematic plan views of the first sealing material of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of the second and first sealing materials of the present invention.

13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a second sealing material is placed on the second sealing material.

14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a back sheet is stacked on the second and first sealing materials.

15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows the front glass plate, the first encapsulant, the solar cells, and the second encapsulant after being stacked. And a laminate formed by the first sealing material and the back plate is subjected to a layer of pressing process.

FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a heat shrink film is used to cover the periphery of the laminate.

17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention, which shows that a junction box is arranged on the back sheet, and an outer frame is mounted on the laminated part after lamination Around.

FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell module according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

In order to make the foregoing objects, features, and characteristics of the present invention more comprehensible, the related embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which shows a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The method for manufacturing a solar cell module includes the following steps: Please refer to FIG. 3. In step S100, a plurality of solar cells are serially welded. The solar cells may be single-sided solar cells 6 or double-sided solar cells 6 '. The solar cells of the same string after cell tabbing stringing are electrically connected to each other by a lead 65.

For example, please refer to FIG. 4. The single-side illuminated solar cell 6 includes: a substrate 60, an emitter layer 61, a back electric field layer 62, a first passivation layer 63 a, a first anti-reflection layer 64 a, and a second The passivation layer 63b, a front electrode 65a, and a back electrode 65b. The substrate 60 is of a first conductivity type. The substrate 60 has a front surface 601 and a back surface 602 opposite to the front surface 601. The emitter layer 61 is of a second conductivity type. The emitter layer 61 is located in the substrate 60 near the front surface 601. The back electric field layer 62 is of a first conductivity type. The back electric field layer 62 is located in the substrate 60 near the back surface 602. The first passivation layer 63 a is located on the front surface 601. The first anti-reflection layer 64a is located on the first passivation layer 63a. The second passivation layer 63 b is located on the back surface 602. The front electrode 65 a passes through the first anti-reflection layer 64 a and the first passivation layer 63 a and contacts the emitter layer 61. The back electrode 65 b passes through the second passivation layer 63 b and contacts the back electric field layer 62.

For example, please refer to FIG. 5, a double-sided illuminated solar cell 6 ′ includes: a substrate 60, an emitter layer 61, a back electric field layer 62, a first passivation layer 63 a, a first anti-reflection layer 64 a, and a first Two passivation layers 63b, a second anti-reflection layer 64b, a front electrode 65a, and a back electrode 65b. The substrate 60 is of a first conductivity type. The substrate 60 has a front surface 601 and a back surface 602 opposite to the front surface 601. The emitter layer 61 is of a second conductivity type. The emitter layer 61 is located in the substrate 60 near the front surface 601. The back electric field layer 62 is of a first conductivity type. The back electric field layer 62 is located in the substrate 60 near the back surface 602. The first passivation layer 63 a is located on the front surface 601. The first anti-reflection layer 64a is located on the first passivation layer 63a. The second passivation layer 63 b is located on the back surface 602. The front electrode 65 a passes through the first anti-reflection layer 64 a and the first passivation layer 63 a and contacts the emitter layer 61. The back electrode 65b passes through the second anti-reflection layer 64b and the second passivation layer 63b, and contacts the back electric field layer 62.

Referring to FIG. 6, in step S200, the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ after string welding are placed on a first encapsulating material 11, wherein the first encapsulating material 11 is stacked on a front glass plate 10. . Before step S200, step S190 may be implemented: the first encapsulant 11 is stacked on the front glass plate 10. After step S200, step S210 can be implemented: a bussing ribbon (not shown) is welded to the side of the solar cells 6, 6 'after string welding to make different strings The solar cells 6, 6 'are electrically connected to each other.

Referring to FIG. 7, in step S300, a second encapsulating material 12 is stacked on the first encapsulating material 11, and the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ are coated on the first and second packages. Between the adhesive materials 11 and 12, one of the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ has a power transmission wire 67 passing through the second packaging adhesive material 12. The first and second encapsulants 11 and 12 may be made of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate copolymer (EVA). After step S300, step S310 may be implemented: placing an insulating sheet to prevent the busbar from being electrically short-circuited with the back electrodes of the solar cells 6, 6 '.

Referring to FIG. 8, in step S400, at least one first sealing material 13 is placed around the four of the first and second encapsulants 11 and 12 and the front glass plate 10 after being stacked, where the first The material of the sealing material 13 is different from that of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12. The water vapor permeability of the first sealing material 13 is lower than that of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12. Permeability. The material of the first sealing material 13 may include a polyolefin elastomer (POE; Polyolefin Elastomer), such as an ethylene-octene copolymer. The thickness of the first sealing material 13 may be slightly greater than or equal to the total thickness of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12 after being stacked, for example, the thickness of the first sealing material 13 may be about 600-1000 μm.

During the subsequent lamination process, the first sealing material 13 is cross-linked with the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 together. For example, the lamination process refers to heating the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 under a vacuum, and applying pressure to cool them to form a cured light-transmissive polymer. Thing. 9a to 9d show four aspects of the first sealing material 13 being cross-linked with the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12. Please refer to FIG. 9a, which shows that the first sealing material 13 and the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 do not partially cover each other. Please refer to FIG. 9b, which shows that the first sealing material 13 partially covers the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12. Please refer to FIG. 9 c, which shows that the first and second encapsulants 11 and 12 partially cover the first sealing material 13. Please refer to FIG. 9d, which shows that the first sealing material 13 partially covers one of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 and the other of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 Covers the first sealing material 13. After the first sealing material 13 is cross-linked with the first and second encapsulants 11, 12, the overall water vapor permeability of the structure of FIG. 9b is the lowest, and the overall water vapor permeability of the structure of FIG. 9a is the second lowest. The overall water vapor permeability of the structure of Fig. 9d is the third lowest, and the overall water vapor permeability of the structure of Fig. 9c is the fourth lowest.

Please refer to FIG. 10a. In another embodiment, the at least one first sealing material 13 may be two layers of the first sealing material 13a, 13b. Please refer to FIG. 10b. In yet another embodiment, the two layers of the first sealing material 13a, 13b partially cover the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12 respectively. Please refer to the top schematic diagrams of FIGS. 11a to 11c. In different embodiments of the present invention, the first sealing material 13 may be a combination of a mouth-shaped pattern 13c, a U-shaped pattern 13d and a single-line pattern 13e, or A combination of four inline patterns 13e is formed to form the first sealing material 13 with a circular pattern, which is conveniently placed around the four of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12. Of course, when the gap in the above pattern of the first sealing material 13 in the figure is under heat lamination, it will be filled due to the melting of the first sealing material 13.

Please refer to FIG. 12, which illustrates a schematic plan view of the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13. Preferably, the first sealing material 13 can contact the edges 66 of the solar cells 6, 6 ', but the width of the first sealing material 13 must be greater than a specific width (for example, 8.4 mm) to comply with IEC regulations.

Please refer to FIG. 13. In step S500, a second sealing material 14 is placed on the second sealing material 12, wherein the material of the second sealing material 14 is different from the first and second sealing materials 11, 12, the water vapor permeability of the second sealing material 14 is lower than the water vapor permeability of the second sealing material 12, and the power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6, 6 'also pass through the second seal.材 14。 Material 14. The material of the second sealing material 14 may include a polyolefin elastomer (POE; Polyolefin Elastomer), such as an ethylene-octene copolymer.

Referring to FIG. 14, in step S600, a back sheet 15 is stacked on the second encapsulating material 12 and the first encapsulating material 13 so that the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12 and The first sealing material 13 is located between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15. The power transmission wires of the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ pass through the opening 151 through one of the back plates 15. The back sheet 15 is also stacked on the second sealing material 14 so that the second sealing material 14 covers the penetration opening 151 of the back sheet 15 and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the penetration opening 151.

Referring to FIG. 15, in step S700, the front glass plate 10, the first encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ', the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material are stacked. 13 and the laminate 18 composed of the back sheet 15 are subjected to a layer of lamination process, so that the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 are cross-linked and joined together. And encapsulate the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ and seal the gap between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15. During the laminating process of the laminate 18, the second sealing material 14 is also cross-linked and bonded with the second sealing material 12, and the second sealing material 14 seals the through opening 151. After step S700, step S710 may be implemented: removing the excess portion of the first sealing material 13 after lamination.

Referring to FIG. 16, in step S800, a heat shrink film 19 is used to cover the periphery of the laminate 18. The heat shrinkable film 19 can be made of a material having a low water vapor permeability.

Referring to FIG. 17, in step S900, a junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15, and an outer frame 17 is installed around the laminated member 18 after lamination to complete a solar cell module. 1. The power transmission wires of the solar cells 6, 6 'are electrically connected to the junction box 16. The junction box 16 can be fixed on the back plate 15 by adhesive. The frame 17 can be made of aluminum material. After step S900, step S910 may be implemented: an electrical test is performed on the solar cell module 1.

When the solar cell module 1 is a single glass module (which includes the single-sided solar cell 6 described above), the back sheet 15 is a non-transparent back sheet. When the solar cell module 1 is a double glass module (which includes the above-mentioned double-sided illuminated solar cell 6 '), the back plate 15 is a transparent glass plate.

Please refer to FIG. 18, which shows a solar cell module 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which is completed by the solar cell module manufacturing method of the first embodiment. The solar cell module 1 includes a front glass plate 10, a first encapsulating material 11, a second encapsulating material 12, a plurality of solar cells 6 connected to each other (such as electrical connection), and at least a first seal. Material 13, a back plate 15, a junction box 16, and an outer frame 17. The first sealing material 11 is adhered to the front glass plate 10. The second encapsulating material 12 is cross-linked to the first encapsulating material 11. The solar cells 6, 6 'are covered between the first and second encapsulants 11, 12.

The first sealing material 13 is cross-linked and joined around the four of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12 after being stacked, and is bonded to the front glass plate 10, wherein the material of the first sealing material 13 is different from that of the first sealing material 13. The material of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12, the water vapor permeability of the first sealing material 13 is lower than the water and gas permeability of the second encapsulating material 12, and the material of the first sealing material 13 includes Polyolefin elastomer. The second sealing material 14 is disposed between the second sealing material 12 and the back plate 15, and one of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ 's power transmission wires 67 passes through the second sealing material 14. The back sheet 15 is adhered by the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13, wherein the first sealing material 11, the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13 are located on the front glass plate 10. And the back sheet 15, after the lamination process, the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 encapsulate the solar cells 6, 6 'and seal the front glass The gap between the plate 11 and the back plate 15, and the front glass plate 10, the first encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ', the second encapsulating material 12, the first sealing material 13, and the The back sheet 15 constitutes the laminate 18 after the lamination process. The power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6 and 6 ′ pass through one of the openings 151 of the back sheet 15, and the second sealing material 14 after the lamination process closes the through-opening 151 and extends to cover slightly larger than the through-opening 151. The range of area. The junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15, and the power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ are connected (for example, electrically connected) to the junction box 16. The outer frame 17 is mounted around the laminated member 18 after lamination. The solar cell module 1 further includes a heat-shrinkable film (such as a waterproof butyl rubber) for covering the periphery of the laminate 18 and being located between the laminate 18 and the outer frame 17.

According to the solar cell module according to the first embodiment of the present invention, since the first sealing material (for example, POE) is cross-linked and joined around four of the first and second encapsulating materials (for example, EVA) after stacking, the After the lamination process, the first to first sealing materials encapsulate the solar cells, and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate. More importantly, the position of the first sealing material is near the edge of the solar module, thereby reducing the problem of lowering the power generation of the solar module caused by the infiltration of water and gas along the edge of the solar module. In the same way, the second sealing material (such as POE) only closes the through opening of the back plate, thereby reducing the problem of lowering the power generation of the solar module derived from the infiltration of water and gas along the specific opening. Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in areas that need to be protected from water vapor (such as near the edge of the solar module or near the through opening of the back sheet) In order to prevent water and gas from entering the solar module, to avoid the problem that causes the reduction of the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area, and to achieve compliance with the specified reliability.

Please refer to FIG. 19, which shows a solar cell module 1 'according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which is completed by a method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to the second embodiment. The manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the second embodiment is substantially similar to the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the first embodiment. The difference between the two is that the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the second embodiment is not The method includes the step S500 of placing a second sealing material on the second sealing material.

The solar cell module 1 'includes: a front glass plate 10, a first encapsulating material 11, a second encapsulating material 12, a plurality of solar cells 6, 6' electrically connected to each other, and at least one first seal. Material 13, a back plate 15, a junction box 16, and an outer frame 17. The first sealing material 11 is adhered to the front glass plate 10. The second encapsulating material 12 is cross-linked to the first encapsulating material 11. The solar cells 6, 6 'are covered between the first and second encapsulants 11, 12.

The first sealing material 13 is cross-linked and joined around the four of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12 after being stacked, and is bonded to the front glass plate 10, wherein the material of the first sealing material 13 is different from that of the first sealing material 13. The material of the first and second encapsulating materials 11 and 12, the water vapor permeability of the first sealing material 13 is lower than the water and gas permeability of the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12, and the first seal The material of the material 13 includes a polyolefin elastomer. The back sheet 15 is adhered by the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13, wherein the first sealing material 11, the second sealing material 12 and the first sealing material 13 are located on the front glass plate 10. And the back sheet 15, the first encapsulating material 11, the second encapsulating material 12, and the first sealing material 13 encapsulate the solar cells 6, 6 'and seal the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15 gap, and the front glass plate 10, the first encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ', the second encapsulating material 12, the first sealing material 13, and the back plate 15 constitute the layer Laminate 18 after the pressing process. The junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15. One of the solar cells 6 is connected (for example, electrically connected) to the junction box 16 by a power transmission lead 67. The outer frame 17 is installed around the laminate 18 after the lamination process.

According to the solar cell module according to the second embodiment of the present invention, since the first sealing material (such as POE) is cross-linked and bonded around the first and second encapsulating materials (such as EVA) after stacking, the The first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material and the first sealing material after the lamination process encapsulate the solar cells, and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate. More importantly, the first sealing material is located near the edge of the solar module, thereby reducing the problem of reduced power generation of the solar module caused by the infiltration of water and gas along the edge of the solar module. Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in the area that needs to prevent water vapor (such as near the edge of the solar module) to prevent water vapor from entering the solar energy. In the module, the problem of reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area is avoided, thereby achieving the required reliability.

Please refer to FIG. 20, which shows a solar cell module 1 "according to a third embodiment of the present invention, which is completed by a method of manufacturing a solar cell module according to the third embodiment. The solar cell module of the third embodiment The manufacturing method of the group is substantially similar to the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the first embodiment. The difference between the two is that the manufacturing method of the solar cell module of the third embodiment does not include: at least one first sealing material Step S400 of placing the four surroundings of the first and second encapsulants and the front glass plate after the stacking.

The solar cell module 1 "includes a front glass plate 10, a first encapsulating material 11, a second encapsulating material 12, a plurality of solar cells 6, 6 'connected to each other (such as electrical connection), and a The second sealing material 14, a back plate 15, a junction box 16, and an outer frame 17. The first sealing material 11 is bonded to the front glass plate 10. The second sealing material 12 is cross-linked to join the first package. Glue material 11. The solar cells 6, 6 'are covered between the first and second encapsulating materials 11, 12.

The second sealing material 14 is cross-linked to the second sealing material 12, wherein the material of the second sealing material 14 is different from that of the first and second sealing materials 11 and 12. The water vapor permeability is lower than the water vapor permeability of the second encapsulating material 12, and the transmission line 67 of one of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ passes through the second sealing material 14. The back sheet 15 is adhered by the second sealing material 12 and the second sealing material 14. The first and second sealing materials 11 and 12 are located between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15. First and second encapsulants 11, 12 and the second sealing material 14 encapsulate the solar cells 6, 6 'and seal the gap between the front glass plate 10 and the back plate 15, the front glass plate 10, the first An encapsulating material 11, the solar cells 6, 6 ′, the second encapsulating material 12, and the back plate 15 constitute a laminate 18 after the lamination process, and the power transmission wire 67 passes one of the back plates 15. The through opening 151 is closed by the second sealing material 14 and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the through opening 151. The junction box 16 is disposed on the back plate 15, and the power transmission wires 67 of the solar cells 6, 6 ′ are connected (for example, electrically connected) to the junction box 16. The outer frame 17 is installed around the laminate 18 after the lamination process.

According to the solar cell module of the third embodiment of the present invention, the second sealing material (for example, POE) closes the through opening of the back sheet, thereby reducing the problem of lowering the power generation of the solar module derived from the penetration of water and gas along the specific opening. . Taking POE and EVA as examples, the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of POE is about 3 ~ 5 (or even lower), and the water vapor permeability (g / m ² -day) of EVA is about 30 ~ 35; but POE cost is 30-40% higher than EVA, cost per watt is increased by 5-12%. In order to take into account the cost and reliability of solar modules, a sealing material (POE) with low water vapor permeability and high resistance is placed in the area that needs to prevent water vapor (such as near the through opening of the back sheet) to prevent water vapor from entering the area. In the solar module, the problem of reducing the power generation efficiency of the solar cells in the adjacent area is avoided, and the reliability in accordance with the regulations is achieved.

In summary, it is only a description of the preferred implementations or examples of the technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the problem, and is not intended to limit the scope of patent implementation of the present invention. That is, all changes and modifications that are consistent with the meaning of the scope of patent application of the present invention, or made according to the scope of patent of the present invention, are covered by the scope of patent of the present invention.

Claims (20)

    A solar cell module includes: a front glass plate; a first encapsulating material to adhere to the front glass plate; a second encapsulating material to be cross-linked to join the first encapsulating material; a plurality of solar energy connected to each other The battery is wrapped between the first and second encapsulating materials; at least one first sealing material is cross-linked and joined around four of the first and second encapsulating materials after being stacked, and is bonded to the front surface Glass plate, wherein the material of the first sealing material is different from that of the first and second encapsulating materials, and the water vapor permeability of the first sealing material is lower than that of the first and second encapsulating materials. Rate, and the material of the first sealing material includes polyolefin elastomer; a back plate, which is adhered by the second sealing material and the first sealing material, wherein the first sealing material, the second sealing material and The first sealing material is located between the front glass plate and the back plate, the first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material and the first sealing material encapsulate the solar cells and seal the front glass plate and the back Gap between the plates, and the front glass plate, the first The mounting material, the solar cells, the second encapsulating material, the first sealing material, and the back sheet constitute a laminate; a junction box is disposed on the back sheet, and one of the solar cells transmits power Wires are connected to the junction box; and an outer frame is installed around the laminate.         The solar cell module according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the material of the first and second encapsulants includes ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.         The solar cell module according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the polyolefin elastomer is an ethylene-octene copolymer.         The solar cell module according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the first sealing material contacts the edges of the solar cells.         The solar cell module according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the first sealing material partially covers the first and second encapsulating materials.         The solar cell module according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first sealing material is a combination of a letter-shaped pattern, a U-shaped pattern and a letter-shaped pattern, or a combination of four letter-shaped patterns .         The solar cell module according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: a second sealing material disposed between the second encapsulating material and the back plate, wherein the material of the second sealing material is different from that of the second sealing material. The material of the first and second encapsulating materials, the water vapor permeability of the second encapsulating material is lower than the water vapor permeability of the second encapsulating material, and one of the solar cell power transmission wires passes through the second encapsulating material. The power transmission wire passes through one of the through-openings of the back plate, and the second sealing material closes the through-opening and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the through-opening.         The solar cell module according to item 7 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the material of the second sealing material includes a polyolefin elastomer, and the material of the first and second encapsulating materials includes an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.         The solar cell module according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, wherein the polyolefin elastomer is an ethylene-octene copolymer.         The solar cell module according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, further includes: a heat-shrinkable film for covering the periphery of the laminate, and located between the laminate and the outer frame.         A method for manufacturing a solar cell module includes the steps of: welding a plurality of solar cells in series; placing the solar cells after string welding on a first encapsulating material, wherein the first encapsulating material is stacked on a A front glass plate; stacking a second encapsulating material on the first encapsulating material, and covering the solar cells between the first and second encapsulating materials; sealing at least one first Material is placed around the first and second encapsulants and the front glass plate after stacking, wherein the water vapor permeability of the first encapsulant is lower than that of the first and second encapsulants Permeability, the material of the first sealing material includes a polyolefin elastomer; a back sheet is stacked on the second sealing material and the first sealing material, so that the first sealing material and the second sealing material And the first sealing material is located between the front glass plate and the back plate; stacking the front glass plate, the first encapsulant, the solar cells, the second encapsulant, and the first seal Laminated material Performing a layer of pressing process to cross-link the first encapsulating material, the second encapsulating material and the first sealing material together, encapsulate the solar cells, and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate ; And a junction box is arranged on the back plate, and an outer frame is installed around the laminated part after lamination to complete a solar cell module.         The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to item 11 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the at least one first sealing material is two layers of the first sealing material, and the two layers of the first sealing material partially cover the first and the second sealing materials, respectively. Two packaging materials.         According to the method for manufacturing a solar cell module described in item 11 of the scope of patent application, the method further includes the following steps: placing a second sealing material on the second sealing material, wherein the material of the second sealing material is different from The material of the first and second encapsulating materials, and the water vapor permeability of the second encapsulating material is lower than the water vapor permeability of the second encapsulating material; one of the transmission lines of the solar cells also passes through the first Two sealing materials; the back plate is also stacked on the second sealing material so that the second sealing material covers one of the through openings of the back plate and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the through openings; and During the lamination process, the second sealing material and the second encapsulating material are connected together, and the second sealing material seals the through opening.         The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, further includes the following steps: using a heat-shrinkable film to cover the periphery of the laminate.         A solar cell module includes: a front glass plate; a first encapsulating material to adhere to the front glass plate; a second encapsulating material to be cross-linked to join the first encapsulating material; a plurality of solar energy connected to each other The battery is enclosed between the first and second encapsulating materials; a second sealing material is cross-linked to join the second encapsulating material, wherein the material of the second encapsulating material is different from the first and second encapsulating materials. The material of the sealing material, the water vapor permeability of the second sealing material is lower than the water vapor permeability of the second sealing material, and one of the solar cell power transmission wires passes through the second sealing material; a back plate Is adhered by the second encapsulating material and the second encapsulating material, wherein the first and second encapsulating materials are located between the front glass plate and the back plate, the first encapsulating material and the second encapsulating material And the second sealing material encapsulate the solar cells and seal the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate, the front glass plate, the first encapsulation material, the solar cells, the second encapsulation material, the The second sealing material and the back plate constitute a Laminated part, the power transmission wire passes through one of the back plates through the opening, and the second sealing material closes the through opening and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the through opening; a junction box is arranged on the back plate, where The power transmission line is connected to the junction box; and an outer frame is installed around the laminate.         The solar cell module according to item 15 of the scope of patent application, wherein the material of the second sealing material includes a polyolefin elastomer, and the material of the first and second encapsulating materials includes an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.         The solar cell module according to item 16 of the patent application scope, wherein the polyolefin-based adhesive is an ethylene-octene copolymer.         The solar cell module according to item 15 of the scope of patent application, further includes: a heat-shrinkable film for covering the periphery of the laminate, and located between the laminate and the outer frame.         A method for manufacturing a solar cell module includes the following steps: welding a plurality of solar cells in series; placing the solar cells after string welding on a first encapsulating material, wherein the first encapsulating material is stacked on a A front glass plate; a second encapsulating material is stacked on the first encapsulating material, and the solar cells are covered between the first and second encapsulating material; a second encapsulating material Placed on the second sealing material, wherein the material of the second sealing material is different from that of the first and second sealing materials, and the water vapor permeability of the second sealing material is lower than that of the second sealing material Water vapor permeability, and one of the solar cell's power transmission wires passes through the second sealing material; a back sheet is stacked on the second encapsulating material so that the first and second encapsulating material are located in the Between the front glass plate and the back plate, wherein the back plate is stacked on the second sealing material, so that the second sealing material covers one of the through openings of the back plate and extends to cover a range slightly larger than the area of the through opening; After stacking The laminated glass composed of the face glass plate, the first and second encapsulating materials and the back plate is subjected to a layer of pressing process, thereby cross-linking and bonding the first and second encapsulating materials to encapsulate the solar energy. A battery, and sealing the gap between the front glass plate and the back plate, wherein during the lamination process of the laminate, the second sealing material is also cross-linked and bonded with the second encapsulation material, and the second A sealing material seals the through opening; and a junction box is installed on the back plate, and an outer frame is installed around the laminated part after lamination, so as to complete a solar cell module.         The method for manufacturing a solar cell module according to item 19 of the scope of the patent application, further includes the following steps: using a heat shrinkable film to cover the periphery of the laminate.