TW201838291A - Electric machine for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present subject matter discusses about the electric machine and core saturation sensing setup, and the method of detecting the core saturation. The present subject matter proposes that an auxiliary winding with at least one tooth is wound around at least one of the stator tooth along any one phase of the phases of the machine. The ends of the wire are given to the signal conditioning circuit which filters the signal from noises. The filtered signal is given to an ADC (analog to digital converter) pin of the controller to digitalize the signal value.

Description

Motors for vehicles

The present invention discusses sensing settings for motor and magnetic core saturation, and methods for detecting the magnetic core saturation.

A motor is usually composed of a stator and a rotor. Rotor systems for different machines are constructed differently according to the machine topology. The rotor of an induction machine is either a wound rotor with a slip ring or a squirrel cage type. The rotor of a switched reluctance machine is usually a salient pole type without a magnet. The rotor of a permanent magnet machine is usually composed of a stack of rotors surrounding a magnet.

When it comes to the stator structure, the stator is constructed by stacking laser-cut or stamped laminated sheets. These pieces usually have the same shape and size throughout their length. This system forms the molded appearance of the stator along this length. The winding is usually completed around the stator teeth to produce the desired winding pattern.

Internal combustion engines for vehicles are usually provided with a starter motor, which is used to start the engine from zero speed. The starter motor obtains energy from an energy storage medium, such as a battery. In addition, the engine is also equipped with a permanent magnet generator configuration, which is used to generate electricity to charge the battery.

The integrated starter generator (ISG) is a dedicated machine related to the internal combustion engine. The ISG system is used to start the engine by rotating the engine until ignition is provided, and then capable of generating electricity from the induced voltage after exceeding a critical speed at which the engine operates.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a motor (101) having one or more electrical phases is provided. The motor (101) is capable of identifying a magnetic flux saturation and a current limit to reduce the motor (101) ) Loss and improved starting ability, the electric machine (101) includes: a stator (102), which has a stator core (118) and a plurality of perimeters disposed around a periphery of the stator core (118) Stator teeth (112), each of the plurality of stator teeth (112) is wound with a wire having a preset thickness to form a winding; and a rotor (104), which can The stator (102) rotates when a magnetic field is generated while receiving electrical energy from at least one power source. The rotor (104) is separated from the stator (102) by an air gap (110), where The plurality of stator teeth (112) include at least one first group of teeth corresponding to at least one first phase of the one or more electrical phases, and wherein the tooth system of the first group includes an auxiliary winding (306 ), Which is wound around at least one tooth of the teeth of the first group.

According to one aspect of the present invention, it provides a control system (400) for identifying magnetic saturation and limiting current flow for reducing losses and for increasing starting capacity. The control system (400) includes: One or more electric phase motors (101), including: a stator (102), the stator (102) has a stator core (118) and a plurality of stator cores (118) A surrounding peripheral stator tooth (112), each of the plurality of stator teeth (112) is wound with a wire having a preset thickness to form a winding; and a rotor (102), which is It can rotate by interacting with a magnetic field generated by the stator (102) when receiving electrical energy from at least one power source. The rotor (104) is separated from the stator (102) by an air gap (110). , Wherein the plurality of stator teeth (112) includes at least one first group of teeth, which corresponds to at least one first phase of the one or more electrical phases, and the tooth system of the first group includes one Auxiliary winding (306) which is wound around at least one tooth of the teeth of the first group ; At least one energy storage device for supplying energy to the motor (101) when the motor (101) is operated as a motor, and for storing when the motor (101) is operated as a generator by the The energy generated by the motor (101); and a machine controller (402), which includes at least one microcontroller (404), the machine controller (402) includes a signal conditioning circuit (406), the signal conditioning The circuit (406) is capable of receiving a voltage output from at least one end of the auxiliary winding (306), and the at least one microcontroller (404) is capable of receiving a regulated signal from the signal conditioning circuit (406) and detecting the A magnetic flux of the stator core (118) is compared with a preset threshold value of the magnetic flux, and the machine controller (402) is larger than the preset magnetic flux in the stator core (118) The critical value of the current limit the current flow through the motor (101).

According to one aspect of the present invention, it provides a method for identifying magnetic flux saturation and limiting the current flow for reducing the loss of the motor and for increasing the starting capacity, the method comprising: operating a motor (101) to start a A power transmission mechanism of a vehicle; a signal conditioning circuit (406) of a machine controller (402) senses a voltage induced across an auxiliary winding (306), the auxiliary winding (306) being Wound on at least one tooth of a plurality of stator teeth (112) of a first group of the motor (101); by the machine controller (402), calculating across the first at least according to the sensed voltage A set of a plurality of stator teeth (112) of a magnetic flux of the tooth; comparing the calculated magnetic flux with a preset threshold value of the magnetic flux; and when the magnetic flux of the stator core (118) is greater than the preset The critical value of the magnetic flux is controlled by the machine controller (402) to limit the flow of current through the motor (101).

The present invention describes a machine that goes beyond ISG in terms of function. The invention is also designed to provide assistance to the engine under conditions of high speed and high load, so that the operation of the vehicle and engine can be performed to reduce CO2 and NOx emissions.

Furthermore, the present invention can be implemented with the help of various machine topologies such as induction machines, switched reluctance machines (SRM), and BLDC (direct current brushless) machines. The inductive and switching reluctance machines are operated by corresponding power electronic controllers, which adjust the torque according to, for example, the input conditions of the current rotation rate.

Although the induction machine and the SRM do not have a speed limited by the induced electro motive force, the speed range of the BLDC is damaged due to the induced voltage. This is the voltage induced in the winding coil due to the rate of change of the flux in the coils due to the presence of the rotating magnet. This voltage limits the current flowing into the machine, which limits the possible torque at speeds above zero based on the voltage supplied.

When a machine is designed for start-up and power assisted operation, the requirements are conflicting. The starting system requires a high torque constant, while the power assist system requires high speed / power operation, and therefore requires a low torque constant.

In the present invention, the motor system of, for example, a BLDC machine is designed with the starting capability of the engine as the main target. For this design, however, the no-load speed of the machine is greatly limited by the back-EMF.

Considering the speed limit of the BLDC, the BLDC machine is constructed with a smaller number of turns, so the induced voltage is smaller, and therefore the speed band is wider. This system requires more current to be transferred to the motor coils during the starting operation.

However, when the high current passes through the stator coils, the generated magnetic field may saturate the stator core material when it exceeds a certain current critical value.

The invention proposes that an auxiliary winding system having at least one tooth is wound around at least one of the stator teeth along any of the phases of the machine. The end of the wire is given to the signal conditioning circuit, which filters noise from the signal. The filtered signal is given to an ADC (analog-to-digital converter) pin of the controller to digitize the signal value.

The voltage induced in the coil is proportional to the rate of change of the magnetic flux chain in the coil region. The proportionality constant is determined by the number of turns in the auxiliary winding, which is given by the following equation.

By adding the voltage value captured in the controller over time, the current flux in the stator tooth / tooths is determined. In one embodiment, the magnetic flux density of the stator teeth is determined according to the stator tooth geometry of a given motor, and it is calculated as follows.

When the controller learns that the B value exceeds a preset threshold value, the controller limits the current entering the motor to a value immediately before the threshold value is reached.

The zero offset C from the integral can be utilized to identify the position of the teeth in relation to the magnet in a permanent magnet type machine. In an alternative embodiment, the stator system includes a temperature sensor that is used to limit the current according to a predetermined temperature.

Due to the feasibility of using thicker conductors with fewer strands, ISG applications benefit from the present invention. This system allows the machine to operate at high speeds (due to a smaller induced voltage) and also generates more torque at startup (due to more current being supplied to the motor). Its application to ISG is not a limitation and can be used for other applications. The use of any motor can derive benefits from the present invention, which can be used in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle, and so on.

In one embodiment, the object of the present invention is to provide a motor having one or more electrical phases. The electric machine system can recognize the saturation of the magnetic flux and limit the current flow for reducing the loss of the electric machine and increasing the starting capacity. The motor system includes a stator, which has a stator core and a plurality of teeth arranged around a periphery of the stator core. Each of the plurality of teeth is wound with a wire having a predetermined thickness to form a winding. A rotor system capable of rotating by interacting with a magnetic field generated by the stator when receiving electrical energy from at least one power source is provided. The rotor is separated from the stator by an air gap. The plurality of tooth systems includes at least one first group of teeth corresponding to at least a first phase of the one or more electrical phases. The tooth system of the first group includes an auxiliary winding that is wound around at least one tooth of the teeth of the first group. In one embodiment, the rotor system is disposed inside the stator. In an alternative embodiment, the rotor system is disposed outside the stator.

In one embodiment, the magnetic field is perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotor. However, in an alternative embodiment, the magnetic field is parallel to a rotation axis of the rotor.

In one embodiment, the auxiliary winding system includes at least one turn of wire, which is wound around the at least one tooth. The rotor system includes a plurality of permanent magnets that are configured to face the plurality of teeth of the stator.

In one embodiment, the present invention includes a control system for identifying magnetic flux saturation and limiting current flow for reducing the loss and for increasing the starting capacity. The control system includes a motor with one or more electrical phases, and the system includes a stator. The stator system has a stator core and a plurality of teeth arranged around a periphery of the stator core. Each of the plurality of teeth is wound with a wire having a predetermined thickness to form a winding. A rotor system can rotate by interacting with a magnetic field generated by the stator when receiving electrical energy from at least one power source. The rotor system is separated from the stator by an air gap, wherein the plurality of tooth systems includes at least one first group of teeth corresponding to at least a first phase of the one or more electrical phases. The tooth system of the first group includes an auxiliary winding that is wound around at least one tooth of the teeth of the first group.

In one embodiment, at least one energy storage device is provided. The energy storage device is capable of supplying energy to the motor when the motor is operated as a motor, and is configured to store energy generated by the motor when the motor is operated as a generator.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, the subject matter of the present invention describes a machine controller including at least one microcontroller. The machine controller includes a signal conditioning circuit capable of receiving a voltage output from at least one end of the auxiliary winding. The at least one microcontroller is capable of receiving an adjusted signal from the signal conditioning circuit and detecting a magnetic flux of the stator core and comparing it with a preset threshold value of the magnetic flux. In one embodiment, the signal is adjusted by reducing the voltage and filtering noise. The resulting regulated signal is therefore only a reduced voltage. When the magnetic flux of the stator core is greater than a predetermined threshold of the magnetic flux, the machine controller limits the flow of current through the motor.

In one embodiment, the microcontroller of the control system includes a pulse width modulation circuit that limits the current through the machine by activating one or more power electronic switches of the machine controller. . In one embodiment, the signal conditioning circuit is a low-pass filter, and the critical frequency used for filtering exceeds the maximum electrical frequency of the motor.

Furthermore, in an embodiment, during the starting of the vehicle and during the period during which the vehicle is provided with power assistance to a power transmission mechanism such as an internal combustion engine, the motor train can reach a peak at the operating current The torque is limited to approximately 50Nm to 52Nm.

In one embodiment, the present invention describes a method for identifying magnetic flux saturation and limiting current flow for reducing the loss and increasing the starting capacity. The method includes the steps of operating an electric motor to start an internal combustion engine of a vehicle. The method further includes, by a signal conditioning circuit of a machine controller, sensing a voltage induced across an auxiliary coil wound around at least one tooth of a first set of teeth of a stator of the motor. step. In one embodiment, the method includes determining, by the machine controller, a magnetic flux across the teeth of the stator based at least on the sensed voltage. The determined magnetic flux is then compared with a predetermined threshold value of the magnetic flux. In an embodiment, the method further includes limiting the flow of current through the motor by the machine controller when the magnetic flux of the stator core is greater than a predetermined threshold of the magnetic flux.

These and other advantages of the subject matter of this case will be described in more detail in the following description in conjunction with these figures.

FIG. 1 is a left side view depicting an example of a two-wheeled vehicle according to an embodiment of the subject matter of the present disclosure. The vehicle 100 has a frame assembly 105 that functions as a structural member of the vehicle 100 and serves as a skeleton. The frame assembly 105 includes a head pipe 105A, and a control unit is rotatably journaled through the head pipe 105A. The control assembly includes a handle assembly 111 that is connected to a front wheel 115 through one or more front suspensions 120. A front fender 125 covers at least a part of the front wheel 120. Furthermore, the frame assembly 105 includes a main pipe (not shown), which extends rearward and downward from the head pipe 105A. A fuel tank 130 is mounted to the main pipe 105A. Furthermore, the lower pipe (not shown) extends substantially horizontally rearward from a rear portion of the main pipe. In addition, the frame assembly includes one or more rear tubes (not shown) that extend obliquely rearwardly from a rear portion of the lower tube. In a preferred embodiment, the frame assembly 105 is a single-tube type, which extends from a front portion F to a rear portion R of the vehicle 100.

In one embodiment, a power unit 135 is mounted to the lower leg. In one embodiment, the power unit 135 includes an IC engine. The fuel tank 130 is functionally connected to the power unit 135 for supplying fuel. In a preferred embodiment, the IC engine is inclined forward, that is, a piston shaft of the engine is inclined forward. Furthermore, the IC engine 135 is functionally coupled to a rear wheel 140. A swing arm 145 is swingably connected to the frame assembly 105, and the rear wheel 140 is rotatably supported by the swing arm 145. One or more rear suspensions 150 connected to the swing arm 145 at an angle are subjected to radial and axial forces due to wheel reaction. A rear fender 155 is disposed on the rear wheel 145. A seat assembly 160 is provided at a rear portion R of a straddling portion defined by the frame assembly 105. In one embodiment, the seat assembly 160 includes a rider seat 160A and a rear seat seat 160B. Moreover, the rear seat 160B is disposed on the rear wheel 145. Furthermore, the vehicle 100 is supported by a center frame (not shown) mounted to the frame assembly 105. A pedal 165 is mounted to the lower leg and is provided at the crossing portion. The pedal 165 covers at least a part of the power unit 135. The vehicle 100 uses an auxiliary power unit (not shown) supported by the frame assembly 105, such as an energy storage device like a battery. In addition, the vehicle 100 is provided with at least one set of foot pedals 180 for the rider / rear seat passenger to rest their feet.

FIG. 2 depicts a cross section of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, the motor is an externally rotating BLDC machine. In one embodiment, the externally rotating BLDC machine functions as an integrated starter generator (ISG). The subject motor 101 includes a rotor 104, which further includes a back iron 106 and a plurality of magnets 108 disposed on the inner surface of the rotor 104. In one embodiment, the back iron 106 is rotated together with the rotation of the rotor 104. In one embodiment, the plurality of magnets 108 are permanent magnets.

In addition, the back iron 106 can be made of any one of iron and silicon steel, and it is made as a single piece of iron or silicon steel. Alternatively, the back iron 106 is used as a layer of iron or silicon steel, and a plurality of electrical insulating layers are interposed therebetween. In one embodiment, the plurality of magnets 108 may be any of an arc type magnet and a flat magnet. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the plurality of magnets 108 are disposed adjacent to each other on the circumference without any gap. Alternatively, the plurality of magnets 108 may be disposed adjacent to each other on a circumference, wherein an air gap of the circumference is between two adjacent magnets of the plurality of magnets 108.

Furthermore, the motor 101 includes a stator 102 having a stator core 118 disposed at the center, and a plurality of stator teeth 112 are disposed around the stator core 118 and are provided on the circumference to A plurality of stator slots 114 are formed therebetween. In one embodiment, the plurality of stator slots 114 are further filled with a plurality of windings 116. In one embodiment, the stator 102 is enclosed in the rotor 104 and is separated radially by an air gap 110. In one embodiment, each of the plurality of stator teeth 112 includes a shank portion. In an embodiment, the shank portions of the teeth of the plurality of stator teeth 112 are attached to two ends of the shank portion (that is, a first end facing the stator core 118 and a distance away from the stator core 118 On the second end). In an alternative embodiment, each of the plurality of stator slots 114 is attached at two ends (ie, at an end closer to the stator core 118 and at an end remote from the stator core 118). It is formed to have an equal width by two adjacent teeth of the plurality of stator teeth 112 having different widths at their two ends. In another alternative embodiment, each of the teeth of the plurality of stator teeth 112 and each of the slots of the plurality of stator slots 114 are such that the teeth and the widths of the slots at the two ends are not equal Way to form. In an embodiment, the shank portion of each of the teeth of the plurality of stator teeth 112 is terminated with a head portion facing the rotor 104 and has a width wider than the shank portion.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view depicting a typical tooth 112 of a motor 101 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, FIG. 3 is a stator tooth representing one of the stator teeth 112 with a primary winding 310 and an auxiliary winding 306. The auxiliary winding 306 is represented by a single strand of wire 306 around the teeth 112. In one embodiment, the stator tooth 112 has a head portion 302 and a shank portion 308. The head portion 302 faces the inner surface of the rotor 104. In one embodiment, the handle portion 308 is smaller in thickness than the head portion 302. In one embodiment, one side surface 304 of the head portion 302 separates two adjacent stator teeth 112. In one embodiment, each of the stator teeth 112 is wound with one or more primary windings 310. In one embodiment, the electric machine 101 enables the primary winding 310 to have an increased thickness, which generates a smaller number of primary windings 310. This system allows the motor 101 to operate at high speed (due to a smaller induced voltage), and also generates a greater torque at startup (due to a greater current being supplied to the motor). In one embodiment, the application of the motor 101 of the present invention as an ISG is not a limitation of other applications. The benefit of the invention can be derived from the use of any motor.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, the subject matter of the present invention provides a motor 101 having one or more electrical phases. The motor 101 is capable of identifying magnetic flux saturation and limiting the current flow, for reducing the loss of the motor 101 and for increasing the starting capacity. The motor 101 includes a stator, which has a stator core and a plurality of teeth arranged around a periphery of the stator core. Each tooth 112 is wound with a wire having a predetermined thickness to form the primary winding 310. In one embodiment, the auxiliary winding 306 includes at least one turn of wire, which is wound around the teeth 112 and is along any of the phases of the motor 101. The ends of the wires of the auxiliary winding 306 are given to a signal conditioning circuit (shown in FIG. 4), which filters noise from the signal.

4 is a block diagram depicting a control system 400 according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is an internal combustion engine used to assist a vehicle 100 during startup and during high-speed operation. In one embodiment, the control system 400 includes a machine controller 402, which further includes at least a microcontroller 404 and a signal conditioning circuit 406. In one embodiment, the machine controller 402 is an ISG controller 402 powered by an energy storage device such as a battery, which controls the motor 101 to provide a boost during the startup of the vehicle The voltage is applied to the motor 101 and is effectively operated by supplying a voltage from the battery 410 during the running operation of the vehicle. In one embodiment, the microcontroller 204 is capable of processing signals received from the auxiliary winding 306 through a signal conditioning circuit 406. In one embodiment, the signal conditioning circuit 406 is capable of receiving a voltage output from at least one end of the auxiliary winding 306. At least one microcontroller 404 is capable of receiving an adjusted signal from the signal conditioning circuit 406, and detecting a magnetic flux of the stator core and comparing it with a preset threshold value of the magnetic flux. In one embodiment, the signal is adjusted by reducing the voltage and filtering noise. The resulting regulated signal is therefore only a reduced voltage. When the magnetic flux of the stator core is greater than a predetermined threshold of the magnetic flux, the machine controller 402 limits the flow of current through the motor 101.

In one embodiment, the microcontroller 404 of the control system 400 includes a pulse width modulation circuit (not shown), which is implemented by actuating one or more power electronic switches (not shown) of the machine controller 402 (Shown) to limit the current through the machine 101. In one embodiment, the signal conditioning circuit 406 is a low-pass filter, and the critical frequency used for filtering exceeds the maximum electrical frequency of the motor 101 (eg, the integrated starter generator (ISG) 101).

FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting a method 500 for reducing the loss of the electric machine 101 and for increasing the starting capacity according to an embodiment of the subject matter of the present disclosure. In an embodiment, at step 502, the method 500 involves operating the machine 101 to start the engine. In an embodiment, in step 504, the method 500 involves sensing the voltage induced by the auxiliary winding 306 across the machine 101 to facilitate determining the magnetic flux. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the method 500 involves allowing the current that is allowed to enter the motor 101 to increase before determining whether the induced magnetic flux exceeds a predetermined threshold value in step 508. In one embodiment, if the determined magnetic flux is not greater than the predetermined threshold value of the magnetic flux, the method 500 involves that the current allowed to the motor 101 can be further increased. However, in one embodiment, if the determined magnetic flux is identified to be greater than the preset threshold value, the method 500 involves limiting the current to the motor 101 by limiting the voltage in step 510. After limiting the current to the motor 101 in step 510, the method 500 further returns to step 504 for sensing the voltage induced across the auxiliary winding 306 again.

In view of the above disclosure, many modifications and changes of the subject matter of this case are possible. Therefore, within the scope of the patent application of the subject matter of this case, the disclosure can be implemented except as explicitly stated.

100‧‧‧ Vehicle

101‧‧‧motor

102‧‧‧ Stator

104‧‧‧rotor

105‧‧‧frame components

105A‧‧‧Head tube

106‧‧‧ back iron

108‧‧‧ Magnet

110‧‧‧air gap

111‧‧‧handle components

112‧‧‧Stator teeth

114‧‧‧Stator slot

115‧‧‧ front wheel

116‧‧‧winding

118‧‧‧ stator core

120‧‧‧ front suspension

125‧‧‧ front fender

130‧‧‧ fuel tank

135‧‧‧Power unit

140‧‧‧ rear wheel

145‧‧‧arm swing

150‧‧‧ rear suspension

155‧‧‧ rear fender

160‧‧‧Seat components

160A‧‧‧Rider seat

160B‧‧‧Rear Seat

165‧‧‧ pedal

180‧‧‧foot pedal

302‧‧‧Head section

304‧‧‧ side surface

306‧‧‧ auxiliary winding

308‧‧‧handle

310‧‧‧Primary winding

400‧‧‧control system

402‧‧‧machine controller

404‧‧‧Microcontroller

406‧‧‧Signal Conditioning Circuit

500‧‧‧method

502‧‧‧step

504‧‧‧step

506‧‧‧step

508‧‧‧step

510‧‧‧step

The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical component symbols are used throughout the drawings to refer to similar features and components. FIG. 1 is a left side view depicting an example of a two-wheeled vehicle according to an embodiment of the subject matter of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a typical cross-section depicting a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view depicting a typical tooth of a motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a block diagram depicting a control system for an internal combustion engine that assists a vehicle during startup and during high-speed operation according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flowchart depicting a method for reducing the loss of the motor and for increasing the starting capacity according to one embodiment of the subject matter of the present disclosure.

Claims (12)

A motor (101) with one or more electrical phases. The motor (101) is capable of identifying a saturation of magnetic flux and limiting the passage of current for reducing the loss of the motor (101) and improving the starting ability. The (101) series includes: a stator (102), which has a stator core (118) and a plurality of stator teeth (112) arranged around a periphery of the stator core (118), the plurality of stator teeth (112) Each tooth system of the stator teeth (112) is wound with a wire having a preset thickness to form a winding; and a rotor (104), which can be connected to the stator (102) from at least one power source. A magnetic field generated during the reception of electric energy rotates. The rotor (104) is separated from the stator (102) by an air gap (110). The plurality of stator teeth (112) include corresponding ones. At least one first group of teeth at least one first phase of the one or more electrical phases, and wherein the tooth system of the first group includes an auxiliary winding (306), which is wound at least around the A set of teeth around one tooth. The electric machine (101) according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (104) is disposed inside the stator (102). The electric machine (101) according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (104) is provided outside the stator (102). The electric machine (101) according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field is perpendicular to a rotation axis of the rotor (102). The electric machine (101) according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic field is parallel to a rotation axis of the rotor (104). The electric machine (101) according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary winding (306) includes at least one turn of a wire, which is wound around the at least one tooth. The electric machine (101) according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (104) has a plurality of permanent magnets (108) configured to face the plurality of stator teeth (112) of the stator (102). A control system (400) for identifying magnetic saturation and limiting current flow to reduce losses and increase starting capacity. The control system (400) includes: a motor having one or more electrical phases ( 101), comprising: a stator (102), the stator (102) having a stator core (118) and a plurality of stator teeth (112) arranged around a periphery of the stator core (118) ), Each of the plurality of stator teeth (112) is wound with a wire having a predetermined thickness to form a winding; and a rotor (102), which can be connected with the stator (102) by A magnetic field generated when receiving power from at least one power source interacts to rotate. The rotor (104) is separated from the stator (102) by an air gap (110), wherein the plurality of stator teeth (112) ) System includes at least one first group of teeth, which corresponds to at least one first phase of the one or more electrical phases, and the first group of teeth system includes an auxiliary winding (306), which is at least Wound around a tooth of the first set of teeth; at least one energy storage device, which is For supplying energy to the electric motor (101) when the electric motor (101) is operated as a motor, and for storing energy generated by the electric motor (101) when the electric motor (101) is operated as a generator; And a machine controller (402) including at least one microcontroller (404), the machine controller (402) including a signal conditioning circuit (406), the signal conditioning circuit (406) At least one end of the winding (306) receives a voltage output. The at least one microcontroller (404) is capable of receiving an adjusted signal from the signal conditioning circuit (406) and detecting a magnetic flux of the stator core (118). And compared with a preset threshold of a magnetic flux, and the machine controller (402) restricts passage of the motor when the magnetic flux of the stator core (118) is greater than the preset threshold of the magnetic flux ( 101) The flow of current. The control system (400) according to claim 8, wherein the microcontroller (404) includes a pulse width modulation circuit that is activated by one or more powers of the machine controller (402) An electronic switch limits the current through the motor (101). The control system (400) according to claim 8, wherein the signal conditioning circuit is a low-pass filter, and the critical frequency for filtering exceeds the maximum electrical frequency of the motor (101). The control system (400) according to claim 8, wherein the electric motor (101) is capable of achieving a crest torque under the operating current, which provides power assistance to the vehicle during starting and during operation of the vehicle. The period of the power transmission mechanism is limited to approximately 50 Nm to 52 Nm. A method for identifying magnetic flux saturation and limiting current passage for reducing loss of a motor and for increasing starting capacity, the method includes: operating a motor (101) to start a power transmission mechanism of a vehicle; A signal conditioning circuit (406) of the machine controller (402) senses the voltage induced across an auxiliary winding (306), which is wound around a first winding of the motor (101). On at least one tooth of a plurality of stator teeth (112) of a group; by the machine controller (402), calculating the plurality of stator teeth (112) across the first group based on at least the sensed voltage A magnetic flux of the tooth; comparing the calculated magnetic flux with a preset critical value of the magnetic flux; and when the magnetic flux of the stator core (118) is greater than the preset critical value of the magnetic flux, by the A machine controller (402) restricts the flow of current through the motor (101).