[0013] 以下,更加詳細說明關於本發明。 本發明之導電性碳材料分散液為包含導電性碳材料,與選自乙炔系界面活性劑、聚矽氧系界面活性劑、金屬皂系界面活性劑及丙烯酸系界面活性劑之1種或2種以上之消泡劑者。 尤其在考慮到抑制導電性碳材料之凝聚而保持均勻分散性時,以包含乙炔系界面活性劑之消泡劑為佳,以包含乙炔系界面活性劑50質量%以上之消泡劑為佳,以包含乙炔系界面活性劑80質量%以上之消泡劑為較佳,以僅由乙炔系界面活性劑(100質量%)所構成之消泡劑為最佳。 又,本發明之導電性碳材料分散液中,消泡劑之使用量並非係受到特別限定者,在考慮到充分發揮起泡抑制效果,且抑制導電性碳材料之凝聚而保持均勻分散性時,相對於分散液全體而言,以0.001~1.0質量%為佳,以0.01 ~0.5質量%為較佳。 [0014] 本發明中使用作為消泡劑之乙炔系界面活性劑之具體例,並非係受到特別限定者,以使用包含下述式(A)所示之乙炔二醇(acetylene glycol)之乙氧基化物之界面活性劑為佳。 [0015][0016] 式(A)中,R5
~R8
係互相獨立表示碳數1~10之烷基,n及m係互相獨立表示0以上之整數,且n+m=0~40。 作為碳數1~10之烷基之具體例,可為直鏈狀、分枝鏈狀、環狀之任一者,可舉出例如、甲基、乙基、n-丙基、異丙基、n-丁基、sec-丁基、tert-丁基、n-戊基、n-己基、n-庚基、n-辛基、n-壬基、n-癸基等。 [0017] 作為上述式(A)所示之乙炔二醇之具體例,可舉出如2,5,8,11-四甲基-6-十二炔-5,8-二醇、5,8-二甲基-6-十二炔-5,8-二醇、2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇、4,7-二甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇、2,3,6,7-四甲基-4-辛炔-3,6-二醇、3,6-二甲基-4-辛炔-3,6-二醇、2,5-二甲基-3-已炔-2,5-二醇、2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇之乙氧基化物(環氧乙烷加成莫耳數:1.3)、2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇之乙氧基化物(環氧乙烷加成莫耳數:4)、3,6-二甲基-4-辛炔-3,6-二醇之乙氧基化物(環氧乙烷加成莫耳數:4)、2,5,8,11-四甲基-6-十二炔-5,8-二醇之乙氧基化物(環氧乙烷加成莫耳數:6)2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇之乙氧基化物(環氧乙烷加成莫耳數:10)、2,4,7,9-四甲基-5-癸炔-4,7-二醇之乙氧基化物(環氧乙烷加成莫耳數:30)、3,6-二甲基-4-辛炔-3,6-二醇之乙氧基化物(環氧乙烷加成莫耳數:20)等,此等係可單獨使用1種,亦可組合2種以上使用。 [0018] 本發明中能使用之乙炔系界面活性劑能取得市售品,作為該種市售品,可舉出例如、Olfine D-10PG(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分50質量%、淡黃色液體)、Olfine E-1004(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分100質量%、淡黃色液體)、Olfine E-1010(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分100質量%、淡黃色液體)、Olfine E-1020(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分100質量%、淡黃色液體)、Olfine E-1030W(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分75質量%、淡黃色液體)、Surfynol 420(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分100質量%、淡黃黏稠物)、Surfynol 440(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分100質量%、淡黃黏稠物)、Surfynol 104E(日信化學工業(股)製,有效成分50質量%、淡黃黏稠物)等。 [0019] 本發明中使用作為消泡劑之聚矽氧系界面活性劑並非係受到特別限定者,只要係至少包含聚矽氧鏈,可為直鏈狀、分枝鏈狀、環狀之任意者,又,亦可包含疏水性基及親水性基之任一者。 作為疏水性基之具體例,可舉出如甲基、乙基、n-丙基、異丙基、n-丁基、sec-丁基、tert-丁基、n-戊基、n-己基、n-庚基、n-辛基、n-壬基、n-癸基等之烷基;環己基等之環狀烷基;苯基等之芳香族烴基等。 作為親水性基之具體例,可舉出如胺基、巰基、羥基、烷氧基、羧酸、磺酸、磷酸、硝酸及該等之有機鹽或無機鹽、酯基、醛基、丙三醇基、雜環基等。 [0020] 作為聚矽氧系界面活性劑之具體例,可舉出如二甲基聚矽氧、甲基苯基聚矽氧、氯苯基聚矽氧、烷基變性聚矽氧、氟變性聚矽氧、胺基變性聚矽氧、醇變性聚矽氧、酚變性聚矽氧、羧基變性聚矽氧、環氧變性聚矽氧、脂肪酸酯變性聚矽氧、聚醚變性聚矽氧等。 [0021] 本發明中能使用之聚矽氧系界面活性劑係能取得市售品,作為該種市售品,可舉出如BYK-300、BYK-301、BYK-302、BYK-306、BYK-307、BYK-310、BYK-313、BYK-320BYK-333、BYK-341、BYK-345、BYK-346、BYK-347、BYK-348、BYK-349(以上商品名,BYK JAPAN(股)製)、KM-80、KF-351A、KF-352A、KF-353、KF-354L、KF-355A、KF-615A、KF-945、KF-640、KF-642、KF-643、KF-6020、X-22-4515、KF-6011、KF-6012、KF-6015、KF-6017(以上商品名,信越化學工業(股)製)、SH-28PA、SH8400、SH-190、SF-8428(以上商品名,東麗道康寧(股)製)、Polyflow KL-245、
Polyflow KL-
270、Polyflow KL-100(以上商品名,共榮社化學(股)製)、Silface SAG002、Silface SAG005、Silface SAG0085(以上商品名,日信化學工業(股)製)等。 [0022] 本發明中使用作為消泡劑之金屬皂系界面活性劑並非係受到特別限定者,可為至少包含鈣、鎂等之多價金屬離子之直鏈狀、分枝鏈狀、環狀之任意構造之金屬皂。 更具體而言,可舉出如硬脂酸鋁、硬脂酸錳、硬脂酸鈷、硬脂酸銅、硬脂酸鐵、硬脂酸鎳、硬脂酸鈣、月桂酸鋅、二十二酸鎂等之碳數12~22之脂肪酸與金屬(鹼土類金屬、鋁、錳、鈷、銅、鐵、鋅、鎳等)之鹽。 本發明中能使用之金屬皂系界面活性劑係能取得市售品,作為該種市售品,可舉出例如諾普科NXZ(商品名,聖諾普科(股)製)等。 [0023] 本發明中使用作為消泡劑之丙烯酸系界面活性劑只要係至少使丙烯酸系單體聚合而得之聚合物,則並非係受到特別限定者,以至少使丙烯酸烷基酯聚合而得之聚合物為佳,以至少使烷基之碳數為2~9之丙烯酸烷基酯聚合而得之聚合物為較佳。 作為烷基之碳數為2~9之丙烯酸烷基酯之具體例,可舉出如丙烯酸乙基酯、丙烯酸n-丙基酯、丙烯酸異丙基酯、丙烯酸n-丁基酯、丙烯酸異丁基酯、丙烯酸t-丁基酯、丙烯酸n-辛基酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己基酯、丙烯酸異壬基酯等。 [0024] 本發明中能使用之丙烯酸系界面活性劑係能取得市售品,作為該種市售品,可舉出例如1970、230、LF-1980、LF-1982(-50)、LF-1983(-50)、LF-1984(-50)、LHP-95、LHP-96、UVX-35、UVX-36、UVX-270、UVX-271、UVX-272、AQ-7120、AQ-7130(以上,楠本化成(股)製商品名)、BYK-350、BYK-352、BYK-354、BYK-355、BYK-358、BYK-380、BYK-381、BYK-392(以上,BYK JAPAN(股)製商品名)、Polyflow No.7、Polyflow No.50E、Polyflow No.85、Polyflow No.90、Polyflow No.95、Flowlen AC-220F、Polyflow KL-800(以上,共榮社化學(股)製商品名)、Newcol系列(日本乳化劑(股)製)等。 [0025] 導電性碳材料並非係受到特別限定者,在為了形成二次電池之黏結層所使用時,以纖維狀導電性碳材料、層狀導電性碳材料、粒子狀導電性碳材料為佳。尚且,此等導電性碳材係可分別單獨使用或可將2種以上組合使用。 [0026] 作為纖維狀導電性碳材料之具體例,可舉出如奈米碳管(CNT)、碳奈米纖維(CNF)等,從導電性、分散性、取得性等之觀點,以CNT為佳。 CNT一般係藉由電弧放電法、化學氣相成長法(CVD法)、雷射・削磨等來製作,本發明所使用之CNT可為以任意之方法所得者。又,CNT如有將1枚之碳膜(石墨烯片)捲成圓筒狀之單層CNT(以下亦略稱為SWCNT)、將2枚之石墨烯片捲成同心圓狀之2層CNT(以下亦稱為DWCNT)、將複數之石墨烯片捲成同心圓狀之多層CNT(MWCNT),而本發明中可分別單獨以單體使用SWCNT、DWCNT、MWCNT,或可將複數組合使用。 尚且,以上述之方法製作SWCNT、DWCNT或 MWCNT之際,由於也會有殘留鎳、鐵、鈷、釔等之觸媒金屬之情況,故也有必須實施去除此雜質用之純化之情況。去除雜質係可有效使用由硝酸、硫酸等所成之酸處理以及超音波處理。但,由硝酸、硫酸等所成之酸處理會有導致構成CNT之π共軛系統受到破壞而損及CNT本身之特性之可能性,故以適當條件進行純化後使用為理想。 [0027] 作為本發明能使用之CNT之具體例,可舉出如超級成長法CNT[國立研究開發法人新能源・產業技術總合開發機構製]、eDIPS-CNT[國立研究開發法人新能源・產業技術總合開發機構製]、SWNT系列[(股)名城奈米碳製:商品名]、VGCF系列[昭和電工(股)製:商品名]、FloTube系列[CNano Technology公司製:商品名]、AMC[宇部興產(股)製:商品名]、NANOCYL NC7000系列[Nanocyl S.A.公司製:商品名]、Baytubes[BAYER公司製:商品名]、GRAPHISTRENGTH[Arkema公司製:商品名]、MWNT7[保土谷化學工業(股)製:商品名]、土衛七CNT[Hypeprion Catalysis International公司製:商品名]等。 [0028] 作為層狀導電性碳材料之具體例,可舉出如石墨、石墨烯等。關於石墨並無特別限制,可使用市售之各種石墨。 石墨烯係1原子之厚度之sp2鍵結碳原子之片,且成為由碳原子與其之鍵結所成之如蜂巢之六角形格子構造,其厚度謂之0.38nm程度。又,除了市售之氧化石墨烯之外,亦可使用藉由Hummers法處理石墨而得之氧化石墨烯。 [0029] 作為粒子狀導電性碳材料之具體例,可舉出如爐黑、槽黑、乙炔黑、熱裂碳黑等之碳黑等。關於此等碳黑並無特別限制,可使用市售之各種碳黑,其之粒子徑係以5~500nm為佳。 [0030] 作為溶劑,可單獨使用純水;四氫呋喃(THF)、二乙基醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷(DME)等之醚類;二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烷等之鹵化烴類;N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMAc)、N-甲基-2-吡咯啶酮(NMP)等之醯胺類;丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮等之酮類;甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、n-丙醇等之醇類;n-庚烷、n-己烷、環己烷等之脂肪族烴類;苯、甲苯、茬、乙基苯等之芳香族烴類;乙二醇單乙基醚、乙二醇單丁基醚、丙二醇單甲基醚等之二醇醚類;乙二醇、丙二醇等之二醇類等之有機溶劑,或可將2種以上組合使用,從低成本,安全性也高,且對環境負荷小之觀點,以至少包含純水之溶劑為佳,以單獨純水溶劑為較佳。 [0031] 本發明中使用之導電性碳材料分散劑只要係能使導電性碳材料分散於溶劑,則並非係受到特別限定者,由於可賦予乾燥而得之導電性薄膜具有強度,故以具有界面活性作用之高分子系分散劑為佳。 [0032] 作為具有界面活性作用之高分子系分散劑之具體例,可舉出如噁唑啉聚合物;聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇等之聚伸烷二醇類;聚丙烯醯胺;聚苯乙烯磺酸;聚(甲基)丙烯酸、聚(甲基)丙烯酸鈉、聚(甲基)丙烯酸銨等之聚(甲基)丙烯酸衍生物;聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯縮醛等之聚乙烯醇衍生物;甲基纖維素、羧基纖維素、羥基甲基纖維素等之纖維素衍生物;澱粉、木質素磺酸鹽、海藻酸鈉等之天然高分子及其衍生物、該等聚合物之構成單位即聚合性單體之二種以上之共聚物或與其他單體之共聚物、冠醚類等之稱為相間移動觸媒者等,在為了形成二次電池之黏結層所使用時,從分散性、溶解性、與集電基板之密著性等之觀點,以噁唑啉聚合物為佳。 [0033] 作為噁唑啉聚合物,只要係在構成主鏈之重複單位上直接或經由伸烷基等之間隔基而與噁唑啉基鍵結之聚合物,即並非係受到特別限定者,具體而言,以使如式(1)所示之在2位具有含聚合性碳-碳雙鍵基之噁唑啉單體進行自由基聚合而得之在噁唑啉環之2位具有與聚合物主鏈或間隔基結合之重複單位之於側鏈具有噁唑啉基之乙烯基系聚合物為佳。 [0034][0035] 上述X表示含聚合性碳-碳雙鍵基,R1
~R4
係互相獨立表示氫原子、鹵素原子、碳數1~5之烷基、碳數6~20之芳基、或碳數7~20之芳烷基。 作為噁唑啉單體所具有之含聚合性碳-碳雙鍵基,只要係包含聚合性碳-碳雙鍵即並非係受到特別限定者,以包含聚合性碳-碳雙鍵之鏈狀烴基為佳,以例如乙烯基、烯丙基、異丙烯基等之碳數2~8之烯基等為佳。 在此,作為鹵素原子,可舉出如氟原子、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子。 作為碳數1~5之烷基,可為直鏈狀、分枝鏈狀、環狀之任意者,可舉出例如,甲基、乙基、n-丙基、異丙基、n-丁基、sec-丁基、tert-丁基、n-戊基、環己基等。 作為碳數6~20之芳基之具體例,可舉出如苯基、茬基、甲苯基、聯苯基、萘基等。 碳數7~20之芳烷基之具體例,可舉出如苄基、苯基乙基、苯基環己基等。 [0036] 作為式(1)所示之在位具有含聚合性碳-碳雙鍵基之噁唑啉單體之具體例,可舉出如2-乙烯基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-4-甲基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-4-乙基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-4-丙基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-4-丁基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-5-甲基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-5-乙基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-5-丙基-2-噁唑啉、2-乙烯基-5-丁基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-4-甲基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-4-乙基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-4-丙基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-4-丁基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-5-甲基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-5-乙基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-5-丙基-2-噁唑啉、2-異丙烯基-5-丁基-2-噁唑啉等,從取得容易性等之觀點,以2-異丙烯基-2-噁唑啉為佳。 [0037] 又,在考慮到使用水系溶劑調製導電性碳材料分散劑時,以噁唑啉聚合物也係水溶性為佳。 此種水溶性之噁唑啉聚合物可為如上述式(1)所示之噁唑啉單體之均聚物,但為了更加提高對水之溶解性,以使上述噁唑啉單體與具有親水性官能基之(甲基)丙烯酸酯系單體之至少2種單體進行自由基聚合而得者為佳。 [0038] 作為具有親水性官能基之(甲基)丙烯酸系單體之具體例,可舉出如(甲基)丙烯酸、丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇酯、丙烯酸與聚乙二醇酯之單酯化物、丙烯酸2-胺基乙基及其鹽、甲基丙烯酸2-羥基乙基、甲基丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇、甲基丙烯酸與聚乙二醇之單酯化物、甲基丙烯酸2-胺基乙基及其鹽、(甲基)丙烯酸鈉、(甲基)丙烯酸銨、(甲基)丙烯腈、(甲基)丙烯醯胺、N-羥甲基(甲基)丙烯醯胺、N-(2-羥基乙基)(甲基)丙烯醯胺、苯乙烯磺酸鈉等,此等係可單獨使用亦可將2種以上組合使用。此等之中,以(甲基)丙烯酸甲氧基聚乙二醇、(甲基)丙烯酸與聚乙二醇之單酯化物為適宜。 [0039] 又,本發明中在不對取得之噁唑啉聚合物之導電性碳材料分散能產生不良影響之範圍內,可併用上述噁唑啉單體及具有親水性官能基之(甲基)丙烯酸系單體以外之其他單體。 作為其他單體之具體例,可舉出如(甲基)丙烯酸甲基、(甲基)丙烯酸乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸丁基、(甲基)丙烯酸2-乙基己基、(甲基)丙烯酸硬脂醯基、(甲基)丙烯酸全氟乙基、(甲基)丙烯酸苯基等之(甲基)丙烯酸酯單體;乙烯、丙烯、丁烯、戊烯等之α-烯烴系單體;氯乙烯、氯化亞乙烯、氟乙烯等之鹵烯烴系單體;苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯等之苯乙烯系單體;乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯等之羧酸乙烯基酯系單體;甲基乙烯基醚、乙基乙烯基醚等之乙烯基醚系單體等,此等係可分別單獨使用,亦可組合2種以上使用。 [0040] 本發明使用之製造噁唑啉聚合物所用之單體成分中,噁唑啉單體之含有率在從更加提高取得之噁唑啉聚合物之CNT分散能力之觀點,以10質量%以上為佳,以20質量%以上為較佳,以30質量%以上為更佳。尚且,單體成分中之噁唑啉單體之含有率之上限值為100質量%,於此情況,可取得噁唑啉單體之均聚物。 另一方面,在從更加提高取得之噁唑啉聚合物之水溶性之觀點,單體成分中之具有親水性官能基之(甲基)丙烯酸系單體之含有率係以10質量%以上為佳,以20質量%以上為較佳,以30質量%以上為更佳。 又,單體成分中之其他單體之含有率為如先前所述之在不對取得之噁唑啉聚合物之CNT分散能力造成影響之範圍內,又,由於根據種類會不同,故不無法一概性地決定,但適宜設定在5~95質量%,較佳為10~90質量%之範圍內即可。 [0041] 噁唑啉聚合物之平均分子量並非係受到特別限定者,以重量平均分子量在1,000~2,000,000為佳。該聚合物之重量平均分子量未滿1,000時,則有導電性碳材料之分散能力顯著降低,或變得無法發揮分散能力之憂慮。另一方面,重量平均分子量超過2,000,000時,則有分散處理之操作變得極度困難之憂慮。以重量平均分子量在2,000~1,000,000之噁唑啉聚合物為較佳。 尚且,本發明之重量平均分子量係由凝膠滲透層析所得之測量值(聚苯乙烯換算)。 [0042] 本發明能使用之噁唑啉聚合物係可藉由使上述單體以過往公知之自由基聚合來合成,亦可取得市售品,作為此種市售品,可舉出例如,Epocross WS-300 ((股)日本觸媒製,固體物濃度10質量%,水溶液)、Epocross WS-700((股)日本觸媒製,固體物濃度25質量%,水溶液)、Epocross WS-500((股)日本觸媒製,固體物濃度39質量%,水/1-甲氧基-2-丙醇溶液)、聚(2-乙基-2-噁唑啉)(Aldrich)、聚(2-乙基-2-噁唑啉)(AlfaAesar)、聚(2-乙基-2-噁唑啉)(VWR International,LLC)等。 尚且,在市售溶液之情況,可以直接使用,亦可取代成目的之溶劑後再使用。 [0043] 本發明中,導電性碳材料分散劑與導電性碳材料之混合比率以質量比計可作成100:1~1:100程度。 又,分散液中之界面活性劑之濃度只要係能使導電性碳材料分散於溶劑之濃度,即並非係受到特別限定者,本發明中,以在分散液中作成0.001~50質量%程度為佳,以作成0.01~40質量%程度為較佳。 並且,此分散液中之導電性碳材料之濃度係根據薄膜所要求之機械性、電性、熱特性等而隨之變化者,又,只要至少導電性碳材料之一部分係孤立分散即為任意者,在本發明中,以在分散液中作成0.001~50質量%程度為佳,以作成0.01~40質量%程度為較佳,以作成0.02~30質量%程度為更佳。 [0044] 尚且,本發明之導電性碳材料分散液也可包含可溶解於上述溶劑中之交聯劑。作為交聯劑,可為與使用之分散劑引起交聯反應之化合物、自我交聯之化合物之任一者,從更加提高取得之薄膜之耐溶劑性之觀點,以與分散劑反應而形成交聯構造之交聯劑為佳。 [0045] 作為與分散劑引起交聯反應之化合物,例如,若分散劑為噁唑啉聚合物,只要係具有2個以上羧基、羥基、巰基、胺基、亞磺酸基、環氧基等之與噁唑啉基之反應性之官能基之化合物,即並非係受到特別限定者,以具有2個以上羧基之化合物為佳。尚且,具有因薄膜形成時之加熱或在酸觸媒之存在下會產生上述官能基而引起交聯反應之官能基,例如,羧酸之鈉鹽、鉀鹽、鋰鹽、銨鹽等之化合物亦可使用作為交聯劑。 作為此等化合物之具體例,可舉出如在酸觸媒之存在下發揮交聯反應性之聚丙烯酸或其共聚物等之合成高分子及羧基甲基纖維素或稱為海藻酸之天然高分子之金屬鹽,因加熱而發揮交聯反應性之上述合成高分子及天然高分子之銨鹽等,特別係以在酸觸媒之存在下或加熱條件下發揮交聯反應性之聚丙烯酸鈉、聚丙烯酸鋰、聚丙烯酸銨、羧基甲基纖維素鈉、羧基甲基纖維素鋰、羧基甲基纖維素銨等為佳。 [0046] 尚且,與噁唑啉基引起交聯反應之化合物係能取得市售品,作為該種市售品,可舉出例如聚丙烯酸鈉(和光純藥工業(股)製,聚合度2,700~7,500)、羧基甲基纖維素鈉(和光純藥工業(股)製)、海藻酸鈉(關東化學(股)製,鹿1級)、Aron A-30(聚丙烯酸銨、東亞合成(股)製,固體物濃度32質量%、水溶液)、DN-800H(羧基甲基纖維素銨、戴爾精細化學(股)製)、海藻酸銨((股)喜美克製)等。 [0047] 作為自我交聯之交聯劑,可舉出例如,對於羥基之醛基、環氧基、乙烯基、異氰酸酯基、烷氧基,對於羧基之醛基、胺基、異氰酸酯基、環氧基,對於胺基之異氰酸酯基、醛基等之在同一分子內具有會互相反應之交聯性官能基之化合物,或,具有相同交聯性官能基彼此進行反應之羥基(脫水縮合)、巰基(二硫醚鍵)、酯基(克萊森縮合)、矽醇基(脫水縮合)、乙烯基、丙烯醯基等之化合物等。 作為自我交聯之交聯劑之具體例,可舉出如在酸觸媒之存在下發揮交聯反應性之多官能丙烯酸酯、四烷氧基矽烷、具有封端異氰酸酯基之單體及具有至少一個羥基、羧酸、胺基之單體之嵌段共聚物等。 [0048] 此種自我交聯之交聯劑係可取得市售品,作為此種市售品,可舉出例如,多官能丙烯酸酯係如A-9300(乙氧基化異三聚氰酸三丙烯酸酯、新中村化學工業(股)製)、A-GLY-9E(乙氧基化甘油三丙烯酸酯(EO9mol)、新中村化學工業(股)製)、A-TMMT(季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、新中村化學工業(股)製),四烷氧基矽烷係如四甲氧基矽烷(東京化成工業(股)製)、四乙氧基矽烷(東橫化學(股)製),具有封端異氰酸酯基之聚合物係如Elastron系列E-37、H-3、H38、BAP、NEW BAP-15、C-52、F-29、W-11P、MF-9、MF-25K(第一工業製藥(股)製)等。 [0049] 上述各交聯劑係可分別單獨使用,亦可將2種類以上組合使用。 交聯劑之添加量係因應使用之溶劑、使用之基材、要求之黏度、要求之膜形狀等而改變,相對於分散劑,以0.001~80質量%為佳,以0.01~50質量%為較佳,以0.05~40質量%更佳。 本發明中,作為促進交聯反應用之觸媒,可添加如p-甲苯磺酸、三氟甲烷磺酸、吡啶鎓p-甲苯磺酸、柳酸、磺柳酸、檸檬酸、安息香酸、羥基安息香酸、萘羧酸等之酸性化合物,及/或,2,4,4,6-四溴環己二烯酮、安息香甲苯磺酸酯、2-硝基苄基甲苯磺酸酯、有機磺酸烷基酯等之熱酸發生劑。 觸媒之添加量係相對於分散劑為0.0001~20質量%,以0.0005~10質量%為佳,較佳為0.001~3質量%。 [0050] 並且,本發明之導電性碳材料分散液中亦可成為基質之高分子。 作為基質高分子,可舉出例如,聚偏二氟乙烯(PVdF)、聚四氟乙烯、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物、氟化亞乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物[P(VDF-HFP)]、氟化亞乙烯-氯化三氟化乙烯共聚物[P(VDF-CTFE)]等之氟系樹脂、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、乙烯-丙烯-二烯三元共聚物、PE(聚乙烯)、PP(聚丙烯)、EVA(乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物)、EEA(乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物)等之聚烯烴系樹脂;PS(聚苯乙烯)、HIPS(耐衝擊性聚苯乙烯)、AS(丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物)、ABS(丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物)、MS(甲基丙烯酸甲基-苯乙烯共聚物)、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠等之聚苯乙烯系樹脂;聚碳酸酯樹脂;氯乙烯樹脂;聚醯胺樹脂;聚醯亞胺樹脂;聚丙烯酸鈉、PMMA(聚甲基甲基丙烯酸酯)等之(甲基)丙烯酸樹脂;PET(聚對酞酸乙二酯)、聚對酞酸丁二酯、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯、聚萘二甲酸丁二酯、PLA(聚乳酸)、聚-3-羥基丁酸、聚己內酯、聚丁二酸丁二酯、聚乙烯丁二酸酯/己二酸酯等之聚酯樹脂;聚伸苯基醚樹脂;變性聚伸苯基醚樹脂;聚縮醛樹脂;聚碸樹脂;聚苯硫醚樹脂;聚乙烯醇樹脂;聚乙醇酸;變性澱粉;乙酸纖維素、羧基甲基纖維素、三乙酸纖維素;幾丁質、幾丁聚醣;木質素等之熱可塑性樹脂,或聚苯胺及其半氧化物之苯胺綠鹼;聚噻吩;聚吡咯;聚苯乙炔;聚伸苯基;聚乙炔等之導電性高分子,以及環氧樹脂;胺基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯;酚樹脂;三聚氰胺樹脂;脲樹脂;醇酸樹脂等之熱硬化性樹脂或光硬化性樹脂等,本發明之導電性碳材料分散液中由於適宜使用水作為溶劑,故基質高分子亦為水溶性者,可舉出例如,聚丙烯酸鈉、羧基甲基纖維素鈉、水溶性纖維素醚、海藻酸鈉、聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯磺酸、聚乙二醇等,尤其係適宜為聚丙烯酸鈉、羧基甲基纖維素鈉等。 [0051] 基質高分子係能取得市售品,作為該種市售品,可舉出例如、聚丙烯酸鈉(和光純藥工業(股)製,聚合度2,700~7,500)、羧基甲基纖維素鈉(和光純藥工業(股)製)、海藻酸鈉(關東化學(股)製,鹿1級)、Metolose SH系列(羥基丙基甲基纖維素、信越化學工業(股)製)、Metolose SE系列(羥基乙基甲基纖維素、信越化學工業(股)製)、JC-25(完全皂化型聚乙烯醇、日本VAM&POVAL(股)製)、JM-17(中間皂化型聚乙烯醇、日本VAM&POVAL(股)製)、JP-03(部分皂化型聚乙烯醇、日本VAM&POVAL(股)製)、聚苯乙烯磺酸(Aldrich公司製,固體物濃度18質量%、水溶液)等。 基質高分子之含量並非係受到特別限定者,以作成在組成物中0.0001~99質量%程度為佳,以作成0.001~90質量%程度為較佳。 [0052] 本發明之導電性碳材料分散液之調製法為任意者,以任意順序混合界面活性劑、導電性碳材料、溶劑及消泡劑,以及因應必要所使用之交聯劑及基質高分子來調製分散液即可。 於此之際,以對由界面活性劑、導電性碳材料及溶劑所構成之混合物進行分散處理為佳,藉由該處理,可使導電性碳材料之分散比例更加提升。作為分散處理,可舉出如機械性處理之使用球磨機、珠磨機、噴射磨機等之濕式處理,或使用匯流型或探針型之音波機之超音波處理,特別係以使用噴射磨機之濕式處理或超音波處理為適宜。 尚且,由於藉由在進行分散處理之前預先添加消泡劑,在分散處理之際可抑制起泡而為佳,但也有會阻礙由界面活性劑所成之導電性碳材料之分散的情況,故亦可在分散處理後才添加。 又,交聯劑或基質高分子也係可在調製包含此等以外成分之分散液後才添加。 推測藉由以上操作所調製之導電性碳材料分散液中,分散劑係物理吸附於導電性碳材料之表面而形成複合物者。 [0053] 在使用本發明之導電性碳材料分散液製作導電性薄膜製作時,可在所欲形成薄膜之基板或形成物上,塗佈上述導電性碳材料分散液(導電性薄膜用組成物),對此進行自然或加熱乾燥,形成導電性黏結層來製作。 基板或形成物並非受到特別限制者,可使用例如、銅、鋁、鎳、金、銀等之金屬及該等之合金;碳材料;金屬氧化物;導電性高分子;聚乙烯、聚對酞酸乙二酯、聚丙烯、聚醯亞胺等之合成高分子;纖維素、幾丁聚醣等之天然高分子等。 其之厚度並非係受到特別限定者,本發明中係以1~100μm為佳。 [0054] 由本發明之導電性碳材料分散液所得之導電性薄膜係存在於構成能量儲藏裝置之電極之集電基板與活性物質層之間,特別係適宜為使兩者黏結之導電性黏結層。 本發明中,作為能量儲藏裝置,可舉出如雙電層電容器、鋰二次電池、鋰離子二次電池、質子聚合物電池、鎳氫電池、鋁固體電容器、電解電容器、鉛蓄電池等之各種能量儲藏裝置,由本發明之導電性碳材料分散液所得之導電性薄膜特別係可適合適用於雙電層電容器、鋰離子二次電池之電極。 [0055] 在使用本發明之導電性薄膜用組成物製作電極時,首先係以製作由集電基板與導電性黏結層所構成之複合集電體為佳。此複合集電體係可藉由在集電基板上塗佈上述導電性碳材料分散液(導電性薄膜用組成物),對此進行自然或加熱乾燥形成導電性黏結層來製作。 作為集電基板,從過往作為能量儲藏裝置用電極之集電基板所使用者當中適宜選擇即可,可使用例如、銅、鋁、鎳、金、銀及該等之合金或碳材料、金屬氧化物、導電性高分子等之薄膜。 其之厚度並非係受到特別限定者,本發明中係以1~100μm為佳。 [0056] 本發明中之導電性黏結層之厚度,在考慮到提升電池之能量密度,減低導電性黏結層肢體電阻時,以5μm以下為佳,以1μm以下為較佳,以0.5μm以下為更佳。 導電性黏結層之厚度係可藉由使用掃描型顯微鏡(以下,SEM)觀察導電性黏結層之剖面之方法,或將單位重量除以導電性黏結層之比重來算出。 導電性黏結層之剖面係可藉由例如撕開複合集電體,藉由離子束進行加工而得。 [0057] 單位重量為導電性黏結層之質量(g)對導電性黏結層之面積(m2
)之比例,在將導電性黏結層形成為圖型狀時,該面積僅為導電性黏結層之面積,並不包含在形成為圖型狀之導電性黏結層之間所露出之集電基板之面積。 導電性黏結層之質量係例如從複合集電體切出適當大小之試驗片,測量其之質量W0,其後從複合集電體剝離導電性黏結層,測量剝離導電性黏結層後之質量W1,並從其之差(W0-W1)來算出,或,預先測量集電基板之質量W2,其後,測量已形成導電性黏結層之複合集電體之質量W3,並從其之差(W3-W2)來算出。 作為剝離導電性黏結層之方法,可舉出例如使導電性黏結層溶解,或將導電性黏結層浸漬於會膨潤之溶劑中,以布等擦去導電性黏結層等之方法。 [0058] 導電性黏結層之比重係例如可將單位重量除以膜厚來算出。又,可藉由珠粒取代法、敲緊密度測量等進行測量。 [0059] 膜厚係能以公知之方法進行調整。例如,在藉由塗佈形成導電性黏結層時,藉由改變形成導電性黏結層用之塗覆液(含CNT組成物)之固體物濃度、塗佈次數、塗覆機之塗覆液投入口之間距等來調整。 在想要增多單位重量時,則係如提高固體物濃度、增加塗佈次數,或加大間距等。在想要減少單位重量或膜厚時,則係如降低固體物濃度、減少塗佈次數,或縮小間距等。 [0060] 作為塗佈方法,可舉出例如,旋轉塗佈法、浸漬塗佈法、流動塗佈法、噴墨法、噴霧塗佈法、棒塗法、凹版塗佈法、狹縫塗佈法、輥塗法、柔版印刷法、轉印印刷法、毛刷塗佈法、刮刀塗佈法、氣刀塗佈法等,從作業效率等之觀點,適合為噴墨法、鑄造法、浸漬塗佈法、棒塗法、刮刀塗佈法、輥塗法、凹版塗佈法、柔版印刷法、噴霧塗佈法。 進行加熱乾燥時之溫度亦為任意者,以50~200℃程度為佳,以80~150℃程度為較佳。 [0061] 並且,能量儲藏裝置電極係可在上述複合集電體之導電性黏結層上形成活性物質層而製作。 在此,作為活性物質,可使用過往能量儲藏裝置電極所使用之各種活性物質。 例如,在鋰二次電池或鋰離子二次電池之情況,作為正極活性物質,可使用能吸附・脫離鋰離子之硫屬(chalcogen)化合物或含鋰離子之硫屬化合物、聚陰離子系化合物、硫單體及其之化合物等。 作為此種能吸附脫離鋰離子之硫屬化合物,可舉出例如FeS2
、TiS2
、MoS2
、V2
O6
、V6
O13
、MnO2
等。 作為含鋰離子之硫屬化合物,可舉出例如LiCoO2
、LiMnO2
、LiMn2
O4
、LiMo2
O4
、LiV3
O8
、LiNiO2
、 Lix
Niy
M1-y
O2
(但,M表示選自Co、Mn、Ti、Cr、V、Al、Sn、Pb及Zn之至少1種以上之金屬元素,0.05≦x≦1.10、0.5≦y≦1.0)等。 作為聚陰離子系化合物,可舉出例如LiFePO4
等。 作為硫化合物,可舉出例如Li2
S、紅胺酸(Rubeanic acid)等。 [0062] 另一方面,作為構成上述負極之負極活性物質,可使用如鹼金屬、鹼合金、吸納.放出鋰離子之選自周期表第4~15族元素之至少1種單體、氧化物、硫化物、氮化物,或能可逆性地吸納.放出鋰離子之碳材料。 作為鹼金屬,可舉出如Li、Na、K等,作為鹼金屬合金之具體例,可舉出如金屬Li、Li-Al、Li-Mg、Li-Al-Ni、Na、Na-Hg、Na-Zn等。 作為吸納放出鋰離子之選自周期表第4~15族元素之至少1種元素之單體,可舉出例如矽或錫、鋁、鋅、砷等。 相同地作為氧化物之具體例,可舉出例如,錫矽氧化物(SnSiO3
)、鋰氧化鉍(Li3
BiO4
)、鋰氧化鋅(Li2
ZnO2
)、鋰氧化鈦(Li4
Ti5
O12
)等。 相同地作為硫化物之具體例,可舉出如鋰硫化鐵(Lix
FeS2
(0≦x≦3))、鋰硫化銅(Lix
CuS(0≦x≦3))等。 相同地作為氮化物,可舉出如含鋰之過渡金屬氮化物,作為其之具體例,可舉出如Lix
My
N(M=Co、Ni、Cu、0≦x≦3、0≦y≦0.5)、鋰鐵氮化物(Li3
FeN4
)等。 作為能可逆性地吸納.放出鋰離子之碳材料,可舉出如石墨、碳黑、焦炭、玻璃狀碳、碳纖維、奈米碳管,或該等之燒結體等。 [0063] 又,在雙電層電容器之情況,可使用碳質材料作為活性物質。 作為此碳質材料之具體例,可舉出如活性炭等,可舉出例如,使酚樹脂碳化後,予以賦活處理而得之活性炭。 [0064] 尚且,本發明之電極中除了上述活性物質之外,也可添加導電助劑。作為導電助劑之具體例,可舉出如碳黑、科琴黑、乙炔黑、碳晶鬚、碳纖維、天然石墨、人造石墨、氧化鈦、氧化釕、鋁、鎳等。 [0065] 活性物質層係可將包以上所說明之活性物質、黏合劑聚合物及因應必要之溶劑之電極漿液塗佈於導電性黏結層上,進行自然或加熱乾燥而形成。 作為黏合劑聚合物,可從公知材料當中適宜選擇使用,可舉出例如,聚偏二氟乙烯(PVdF)、聚乙烯吡咯啶酮、聚四氟乙烯、四氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物、氟化亞乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物[P(VDF-HFP)]、氟化亞乙烯-氯化三氟化乙烯共聚物[P(VDF-CTFE)]、聚乙烯醇、聚醯亞胺、乙烯-丙烯-二烯三元共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯橡膠、羧基甲基纖維素(CMC)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、聚苯胺等之導電性高分子等。 尚且,黏合劑聚合物之添加量係相對於活性物質100質量份為0.1~20質量份,特別係以1~10質量份為佳。 作為溶劑,可舉出如上述噁唑啉聚合物中已例示之溶劑,從該等之中因應黏合劑之種類適宜選擇即可,在PVdF等之非水溶性黏合劑之情況,NMP為適宜,在PAA等之水溶性黏合劑之情況則以水為適宜。 [0066] 作為電極漿液之塗佈方法,可舉出如與上述導電性黏結層形成用組成物相同之手法。 又,進行加熱乾燥時之溫度亦可為任意者,以50~200℃程度為佳,以80~150℃程度為較佳。 [0067] 本發明之能量儲藏裝置為具備上述電極者,更具體而言,以具備至少一對之正負極、隔開該等各極間之間隔器、及電解質所構成,正負極之至少一者為係由上述能量儲藏裝置電極所構成。 此能量儲藏裝置由於其特徵在於使用上述能量儲藏裝置電極作為電極,故其他之裝置構成構件之間隔器或電解質等係可從公知材料適宜選擇使用。 作為間隔器之具體例,可舉出例如纖維素系間隔器、聚烯烴系間隔器等。 作為電解質,可為液體、固體之任一者,且可為水系、非水系之任一者,本發明之能量儲藏裝置用電極在適用於使用非水系電解質之裝置時,也能發揮實用上充分之性能。 [0068] 作為非水系電解質,可舉出如使電解質鹽溶解於非水系有機溶劑而成之非水系電解液。 作為電解質鹽,可舉出如四氟化硼酸鋰、六氟化磷酸鋰、過氯酸鋰、三氟甲烷磺酸鋰等之鋰鹽;四甲基銨六氟磷酸鹽、四乙基銨六氟磷酸鹽、四丙基銨六氟磷酸鹽、甲基三乙基銨六氟磷酸鹽、四乙基銨四氟硼酸鹽、四乙基銨過氯酸鹽等之4級銨鹽等。 作為非水系有機溶劑,可舉出如碳酸伸丙酯、碳酸伸乙酯、碳酸伸丁酯等之碳酸伸烷基酯;碳酸二甲基酯、碳酸甲基乙基酯、碳酸二乙基酯等之碳酸二烷基酯;乙腈等之腈類、二甲基甲醯胺等之醯胺類等。 [實施例] [0069] 以下,例舉製造例、實施例及比較例,更具體地說明本發明,但本發明並非係受到下述實施例所限定者。尚且,所使用之測量裝置係如以下所示。 (1)探針型超音波照射裝置 裝置:Hielscher Ultrasonics公司製,UIP1000 (2)線棒塗佈機(薄膜製作) 裝置:(股)SMT製PM-9050MC (3)選擇式輥(select-roller)) 松尾產業(股)製OSP-30、OSP-13、OSP-8 [0070] [1]前驅物分散液之調製 [製造例1-1] 混合包含噁唑啉聚合物之水溶液之Epocross WS-700 ((股)日本觸媒製,固體物濃度25質量%、重量平均分子量4×104
、噁唑啉基量4.5mmol/g)2.0g,與蒸餾水47.5g,並對此再混合導電性碳材料之多層CNT(Nanocyl公司製“NC7000”)0.5g。使用探針型超音波照射裝置,在室溫對取得之混合物進行30分鐘超音波處理,而調製成CNT均勻分散而成之前驅物分散液A。 [0071] [製造例1-2] 混合包含聚丙烯酸銨(PAA-NH4
)之水溶液之Aron A-30(東亞合成(股)、固體物濃度31.6質量%)0.7g、海藻酸銨(海藻酸NH4
)((股)喜美克)之1%水溶液20g,與蒸餾水29.3g。將取得之溶液,與製造例1-1之前驅物分散液A50g予以混合而調製成CNT均勻分散而成之前驅物分散液B。 [0072] [製造例1-3] 除了將導電性碳材料變更為乙炔黑(電氣化學工業(股)公司製“Denka Black”)0.5g以外,其他係與製造例1-1相同之方法調製成前驅物分散液C。 [0073] [製造例1-4] 除了將前驅物分散液A變更為前驅物分散液C以外,其他係與製造例1-2相同之方法調製成導電前驅物分散液D。 [0074] [2]導電性碳材料分散液之調製 [實施例1-1] 混合製造例1-2所調製之前驅物分散液B50g,與乙炔系界面活性劑(消泡劑)Olfine E-1004(日信化學工業(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg,而調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0075] [實施例1-2] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更成乙炔系界面活性劑Surfynol 420(日信化學工業(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0076] [實施例1-3] 混合製造例1-4所調製之前驅物分散液D 50g,與乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004(日信化學工業(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg,而調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0077] [實施例1-4] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為乙炔系界面活性劑Surfynol 420(日信化學工業(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-3相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0078] [實施例1-5] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚矽氧系消泡劑Polyflow KL100(共榮社化學(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0079] [實施例1-6] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為金屬皂系消泡劑諾普科NXZ(聖諾普科(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0080] [實施例1-7] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為丙烯酸系消泡劑Polyflow KL800(共榮社化學(股)製,固體物濃度93質量%)26.9mg外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0081] [比較例1-1] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑SN Defoamer 170(聖諾普科(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施2-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0082] [比較例1-2] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑SN Defoamer 260(聖諾普科(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0083] [比較例1-3] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑Disfoam CC-438(日油(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0084] [比較例1-4] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑Disfoam CD-432(日油(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0085] [比較例1-5] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑Disfoam CE-457(日油(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0086] [比較例1-6] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑 消泡劑PF-H(和光純藥工業(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0087] [比較例1-7] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑 消泡劑PF-M(和光純藥工業(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0088] [比較例1-8] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑 消泡劑PF-L(和光純藥工業(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施2-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0089] [比較例1-9] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為氟系消泡劑Flowlen AO-82(聖諾普科(股)製,固體物濃度1.8質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-1相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0090] [比較例1-10] 除了將乙炔系界面活性劑Olfine E-1004變更為聚醚系消泡劑Disfoam CD-432(日油(股)製,固體物濃度100質量%)25mg以外,其他係與實施例1-3相同之方法調製成導電性碳材料分散液。 [0091] [3]導電性碳材料分散液之評價 [實施例2-1] 將實施例1-1中調製之導電性碳材料分散液添加至螺旋管((股)Maruemu製,No.8),以手搖激烈震動30秒鐘使其氣泡產生。靜置300秒鐘後,以目視確認導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態,與液面之氣泡量。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,且氣泡消失而浮出液面。 [0092] [實施例2-2] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為實施例1-2中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,且氣泡消失而浮出液面。 [0093] [實施例2-3] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為實施例1-3中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,且氣泡消失而浮出液面。 [0094] [實施例2-4] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為實施例1-4中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,且氣泡消失而浮出液面。 [0095] [實施例2-5] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為實施例1-5中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚者,但氣泡消失而浮出液面。 [0096] [實施例2-6] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為實施例1-6中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而成已凝聚者,但氣泡消失而浮出液面。 [0097] [實施例2-7] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為實施例1-7中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚者,但氣泡消失而浮出液面。 [0098] [比較例2-1] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-1中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚,且液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0099] [比較例2-2] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-2中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚,且液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0100] [比較例2-3] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-3中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚,且液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0101] [比較例2-4] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-4中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚,且液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0102] [比較例2-5] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-5中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚,且液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0103] [比較例2-6] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-6中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,但液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0104] [比較例2-7] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-7中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,但液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0105] [比較例2-8] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-8中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,但液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0106] [比較例2-9] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-9中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而CNT成已凝聚,且液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0107] [比較例2-10] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為比較例1-10中調製之導電性碳材料分散液以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產生變化而乙炔黑凝聚,且液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0108] [比較例2-11] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液便更為製造例1-2中調製之前驅物分散液B以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,但液面被氣泡覆蓋。 [0109] [比較例2-12] 除了將導電性碳材料分散液變更為製造例1-4中調製之前驅物分散液D以外,其他係與實施例2-1相同之法進行評價。其結果係導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態受到保持,但液面被氣泡覆蓋。 將上述實施例2-1~2-7及比較例2-1~2-12整理展示於表1。 [0110] [表1]
[0111] 如表1所示,包含聚醚系界面活性劑之比較例2-1~2-8、2-10、包含氟系界面活性劑之比較例2-9所調製之導電性碳材料分散液、未添加作為消泡劑之界面活性劑之比較例2-11、12所調製之導電性碳材料分散液在使其氣泡產生之情況,氣泡不會馬上消失。 另一方面,再包含乙炔系消泡劑之實施例2-1~2-4、包含聚矽氧系界面活性劑之實施例2-5、包含金屬皂系消泡劑之實施例2-6、包含丙烯酸系消泡劑之實施例2-7所調製之導電性碳材料分散液中氣泡會馬上消失。 並且,包含聚矽氧系界面活性劑之實施例2-5、包含金屬皂系消泡劑之實施例2-6、包含丙烯酸系消泡劑之實施例2-7所調製之導電性碳材料分散液中,氣泡雖然會馬上消失,但導電性碳材料分散液之液狀態產變化而造成凝聚。相對於此,包含乙炔系消泡劑之實施例2-1~2-4所調製之導電性碳材料分散液中,氣泡會馬上消失且也能保持均勻之分散液狀態。 [0112] [4]導電性碳材料分散液之塗覆 [實施例3-1] 以線棒塗佈機(選擇式輥:OSP-30)使將實施例1-1所調製之導電性碳材料分散液在鋁箔(厚度15μm)上均勻展開後,以150℃乾燥20分鐘,而取得被具備無塗裝缺陷之均勻導電性黏結層之鋁箔(以下,複合集電體)。將取得之複合集電體切出120cm2
之面積並進行質量測量後,藉由使用0.1mol/L之稀鹽酸水溶液進行擦洗而去除導電性黏結層。進行測量殘留之鋁箔之質量測量,藉由將導電性黏結層之去除前後之質量變化除以面積,而求出導電性黏結層之單位重量之結果為268mg/m2
。 又,藉由SEM觀察撕開複合集電體製成之剖面之結果,膜厚為0.199μm。從此等值所求得之導電性黏結層之比重為1.35g/cm3
。 [0113] [實施例3-2] 除了將選擇式輥:OSP-30變更為選擇式輥:OSP-13以外、其他係與實施例3-1同樣地操作而取得複合集電體。求出取得之導電性黏結層之單位重量之結果為147mg/m2
。從單位重量與實施例3-1中求出之比重所算出之膜厚為0.109μm。 [0114] [實施例3-3] 除了將選擇式輥:OSP-30變更為選擇式輥:OSP-8以外,其他係與實施例3-1同樣地操作而取得複合集電體。求出取得之導電性黏結層之單位重量之結果為93mg/m2
。從單位重量與實施例3-1中求出之比重所算出之膜厚為0.069μm。 [0115] [實施例3-4] 除了對實施例1-1中調製之導電性碳材料分散液10g添加純水50g予以稀釋以外,其他係與實施例3-1同樣地操作而取得複合集電體。求出取得之導電性黏結層之單位重量之結果為19mg/m2
。從單位重量與實施例3-1中求出之比重所算出之膜厚為0.014μm。[0013] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention comprises a conductive carbon material and one or two selected from the group consisting of an acetylene surfactant, a polyoxon surfactant, a metal soap surfactant, and an acrylic surfactant. More than the above defoamers. In particular, when suppressing aggregation of the conductive carbon material and maintaining uniform dispersibility, it is preferable to use an antifoaming agent containing an acetylene surfactant, and an antifoaming agent containing 50% by mass or more of the acetylene surfactant. An antifoaming agent containing 80% by mass or more of an acetylene surfactant is preferred, and an antifoaming agent composed only of an acetylene surfactant (100% by mass) is preferred. Further, in the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention, the amount of the antifoaming agent is not particularly limited, and it is considered that the foaming suppressing effect is sufficiently exhibited, and aggregation of the conductive carbon material is suppressed to maintain uniform dispersibility. It is preferably 0.001 to 1.0% by mass, and preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by mass, based on the entire dispersion. In the present invention, a specific example of an acetylene surfactant as an antifoaming agent is used, and it is not particularly limited to use an ethoxy group containing acetylene glycol represented by the following formula (A). A surfactant of a base compound is preferred. [0015] In the formula (A), R 5 ~R 8 The alkyl groups each independently represent a carbon number of 1 to 10, and n and m each independently represent an integer of 0 or more, and n + m = 0 to 40. Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms may be any of a linear chain, a branched chain, and a cyclic group, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and an isopropyl group. , n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n-octyl, n-fluorenyl, n-fluorenyl and the like. [0017] Specific examples of the acetylene glycol represented by the above formula (A) include, for example, 2,5,8,11-tetramethyl-6-dodecyne-5,8-diol, and 5, 8-Dimethyl-6-dodecyne-5,8-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol, 4,7-dimethyl -5-decyne-4,7-diol, 2,3,6,7-tetramethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne- 3,6-diol, 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexyne-2,5-diol, 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol Ethoxylate (ethylene oxide addition mole number: 1.3), 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol ethoxylate (epoxy Ethane addition mole number: 4), 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diol ethoxylate (ethylene oxide addition mole number: 4), 2 , 5,8,11-tetramethyl-6-dodecyne-5,8-diol ethoxylate (ethylene oxide addition mole number: 6) 2,4,7,9-four Ethoxylate of methyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol (ethylene oxide addition mole number: 10), 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne- Ethoxylate of 4,7-diol (ethylene oxide addition mole number: 30), 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-diol ethoxylate ( Ethylene oxide addition moles: 20), etc., these can be separate One type may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination. [0018] The acetylene-based surfactant which can be used in the present invention can be obtained as a commercial product, and as such a commercially available product, for example, Olfine D-10PG (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., active ingredient 50 mass) %, light yellow liquid), Olfine E-1004 (made by Rixin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., active ingredient 100% by mass, light yellow liquid), Olfine E-1010 (made by Rixin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., active ingredient 100 mass) %, light yellow liquid), Olfine E-1020 (made by Rixin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., active ingredient 100% by mass, light yellow liquid), Olfine E-1030W (made by Rixin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., active ingredient 75 mass) %, light yellow liquid), Surfynol 420 (made by Rixin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., 100% by mass of active ingredient, yellowish viscous material), Surfynol 440 (made by Rixin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), active ingredient 100% by mass, light Yellow viscous material), Surfynol 104E (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., active ingredient 50% by mass, yellowish viscous material). [0019] The polyfluorene-based surfactant used as the antifoaming agent in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be any of a linear chain, a branched chain, and a ring, as long as it contains at least a polyfluorene chain. Further, any of a hydrophobic group and a hydrophilic group may be contained. Specific examples of the hydrophobic group include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, n-pentyl group, and n-hexyl group. An alkyl group such as an n-heptyl group, an n-octyl group, an n-fluorenyl group or an n-fluorenyl group; a cyclic alkyl group such as a cyclohexyl group; an aromatic hydrocarbon group such as a phenyl group; Specific examples of the hydrophilic group include an amine group, a mercapto group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxylic acid, a sulfonic acid, a phosphoric acid, a nitric acid, and the like, or an organic salt or an inorganic salt, an ester group, an aldehyde group, and a propylene group. An alcohol group, a heterocyclic group or the like. Specific examples of the polyoxymethylene-based surfactant include, for example, dimethyl polyfluorene oxide, methylphenyl polyfluorene oxide, chlorophenyl polyfluorene oxide, alkyl modified polyoxyl, and fluorine denaturation. Polyoxymethylene, amine-denatured polyoxyl, alcohol-denatured polyoxyl, phenol-denatured polyoxygen, carboxyl-denatured polyoxyl, epoxy-denatured polyoxyl, fatty acid ester-denatured polyoxyl, polyether-denatured polyoxyl Wait. [0021] A commercially available product can be obtained by using a polyoxo-based surfactant which can be used in the present invention, and examples of such a commercially available product include BYK-300, BYK-301, BYK-302, and BYK-306. BYK-307, BYK-310, BYK-313, BYK-320BYK-333, BYK-341, BYK-345, BYK-346, BYK-347, BYK-348, BYK-349 (above trade name, BYK JAPAN) )), KM-80, KF-351A, KF-352A, KF-353, KF-354L, KF-355A, KF-615A, KF-945, KF-640, KF-642, KF-643, KF- 6020, X-22-4515, KF-6011, KF-6012, KF-6015, KF-6017 (above trade name, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), SH-28PA, SH8400, SH-190, SF-8428 (The above product name, Toray Dow Corning (share) system), Polyflow KL-245 , Polyflow KL - 270, Polyflow KL-100 (above trade name, Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.), Silface SAG002, Silface SAG005, Silface SAG0085 (above trade name, Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.). [0022] The metal soap-based surfactant used as the antifoaming agent in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a linear, branched chain or cyclic ring containing at least a polyvalent metal ion such as calcium or magnesium. A metal soap of any configuration. More specifically, for example, aluminum stearate, manganese stearate, cobalt stearate, copper stearate, iron stearate, nickel stearate, calcium stearate, zinc laurate, and twenty A salt of a fatty acid having a carbon number of 12 to 22 such as magnesium diacid and a metal (alkaline earth metal, aluminum, manganese, cobalt, copper, iron, zinc, nickel, etc.). The metal soap-based surfactant which can be used in the present invention can be obtained as a commercially available product, and examples of such a commercially available product include Nopko NXZ (trade name, manufactured by Sanno Poko Co., Ltd.). [0023] The acrylic surfactant used as the antifoaming agent in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer obtained by polymerizing at least an acrylic monomer, and at least an alkyl acrylate is polymerized. The polymer is preferably a polymer obtained by polymerizing at least an alkyl acrylate having an alkyl group having 2 to 9 carbon atoms. Specific examples of the alkyl acrylate having 2 to 9 carbon atoms of the alkyl group include ethyl acrylate, n-propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid. Butyl ester, t-butyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isodecyl acrylate, and the like. [0024] The acrylic surfactant which can be used in the present invention can be obtained as a commercial product, and examples of such commercially available products include 1970, 230, LF-1980, LF-1982 (-50), and LF-. 1983 (-50), LF-1984 (-50), LHP-95, LHP-96, UVX-35, UVX-36, UVX-270, UVX-271, UVX-272, AQ-7120, AQ-7130 ( Above, Nanben Chemical (share) system name), BYK-350, BYK-352, BYK-354, BYK-355, BYK-358, BYK-380, BYK-381, BYK-392 (above, BYK JAPAN (shares) )), Polyflow No.7, Polyflow No.50E, Polyflow No.85, Polyflow No.90, Polyflow No.95, Flowlen AC-220F, Polyflow KL-800 (above, Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd.) Product name), Newcol series (made by Japan Emulsifier). [0025] The conductive carbon material is not particularly limited, and is preferably a fibrous conductive carbon material, a layered conductive carbon material, or a particulate conductive carbon material when used to form a bonding layer of a secondary battery. . In addition, these conductive carbon materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Specific examples of the fibrous conductive carbon material include carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and carbon nanofibers (CNF), and CNTs are used from the viewpoints of conductivity, dispersibility, and availability. It is better. The CNT is generally produced by an arc discharge method, a chemical vapor phase growth method (CVD method), laser polishing, or the like, and the CNT used in the present invention can be obtained by any method. In addition, the CNT has a single layer of CNT (hereinafter also referred to as SWCNT) in which one carbon film (graphene sheet) is wound into a cylindrical shape, and two layers of CNTs in which two graphene sheets are wound into a concentric shape. (hereinafter also referred to as DWCNT), a plurality of layers of CNTs (MWCNTs) are wound into a concentric shape, and in the present invention, SWCNTs, DWCNTs, MWCNTs may be used alone or in combination, or a plurality of them may be used in combination. Further, when SWCNT, DWCNT or MWCNT is produced by the above method, since a catalyst metal such as nickel, iron, cobalt or rhodium is left, it is necessary to carry out purification for removing the impurities. The removal of impurities can effectively use acid treatment and ultrasonic treatment by nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and the like. However, acid treatment by nitric acid, sulfuric acid or the like may cause damage to the π-conjugated system constituting the CNT and impair the properties of the CNT itself. Therefore, it is preferably used after purification under appropriate conditions. [0027] Specific examples of the CNT that can be used in the present invention include a super growth method CNT [National Research and Development Corporation, New Energy, Industrial Technology Development Organization], and eDIPS-CNT [National Research and Development Corporation New Energy] Industrial Technology Development Co., Ltd.], SWNT Series [(shares) Nikken Carbon: Product Name], VGCF Series [Showa Electric Co., Ltd.: Product Name], FloTube Series [CNano Technology Co., Ltd.: Product Name] , AMC [Ube Industries Co., Ltd.: product name], NANOCYL NC7000 series [Nanocyl SA company: product name], Baytubes [BAYER company: product name], GRAPHISTRENGTH [Arkema company: trade name], MWNT7 [ Hodogaya Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.: trade name], Titan CNT [manufactured by Hypeprion Catalysis International Co., Ltd.: trade name]. [0028] Specific examples of the layered conductive carbon material include graphite, graphene, and the like. The graphite is not particularly limited, and various commercially available graphites can be used. Graphene is a sheet of sp2 bonded carbon atoms having a thickness of one atom, and is a hexagonal lattice structure such as a honeycomb formed by bonding a carbon atom thereto, and has a thickness of about 0.38 nm. Further, in addition to commercially available graphene oxide, graphene oxide obtained by treating graphite by the Hummers method may also be used. [0029] Specific examples of the particulate conductive carbon material include carbon black such as furnace black, channel black, acetylene black, and thermal black. The carbon black is not particularly limited, and various commercially available carbon blacks may be used, and the particle diameter thereof is preferably 5 to 500 nm. [0030] As the solvent, pure water; ethers such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), etc.; dichloromethane, chloroform, 1,2- can be used alone. Halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloroethane; N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) And other amides; acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone and other ketones; methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol and other alcohols; n-g An aliphatic hydrocarbon such as an alkane, n-hexane or cyclohexane; an aromatic hydrocarbon such as benzene, toluene, hydrazine or ethylbenzene; ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol A glycol ether such as a monomethyl ether; an organic solvent such as a glycol such as ethylene glycol or propylene glycol; or a combination of two or more thereof, which is low in cost, high in safety, and low in environmental load. In view of the above, a solvent containing at least pure water is preferred, and a solvent of pure water alone is preferred. The conductive carbon material dispersing agent used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the conductive carbon material can be dispersed in a solvent, and the conductive film obtained by drying has strength, so that it has A polymer-based dispersant having an interfacial activity is preferred. Specific examples of the polymer-based dispersant having an interfacial activity include oxazoline polymers; polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; and polyacrylamide; Styrene sulfonic acid; poly(meth)acrylic acid derivatives such as poly(meth)acrylic acid, sodium poly(meth)acrylate, poly(methyl)acrylate, etc.; polyethylene such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetal Alcohol derivatives; cellulose derivatives of methyl cellulose, carboxy cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose; natural polymers and derivatives thereof such as starch, lignosulfonate, sodium alginate, etc., such polymers The constituent unit, that is, a copolymer of two or more kinds of polymerizable monomers, a copolymer with another monomer, a crown ether or the like, which is called a phase shift catalyst, etc., is used in order to form a bonding layer of a secondary battery. The oxazoline polymer is preferred from the viewpoints of dispersibility, solubility, adhesion to a current collector substrate, and the like. The oxazoline polymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a polymer bonded to an oxazoline group directly or via a spacer such as an alkyl group, in the repeating unit constituting the main chain. Specifically, a radical polymerization of an oxazoline monomer having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond group at the 2-position as shown in the formula (1) is obtained at the 2-position of the oxazoline ring. The repeating unit in which the polymer main chain or the spacer is bonded is preferably a vinyl-based polymer having an oxazoline group in the side chain. [0034] [0035] The above X represents a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond group, R 1 ~R 4 Each of them independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms. The polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond group which the oxazoline monomer has is a chain hydrocarbon group containing a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, as long as it contains a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and is not particularly limited. Preferably, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms such as a vinyl group, an allyl group or an isopropenyl group is preferred. Here, examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom. The alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms may be any of a linear chain, a branched chain, and a cyclic ring, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, and an n-butyl group. Base, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, cyclohexyl and the like. Specific examples of the aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms include a phenyl group, a decyl group, a tolyl group, a biphenyl group, and a naphthyl group. Specific examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms include a benzyl group, a phenylethyl group, and a phenylcyclohexyl group. Specific examples of the oxazoline monomer having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond group in the formula represented by the formula (1) include, for example, 2-vinyl-2-oxazoline, 2- Vinyl-4-methyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl-4-ethyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl-4-propyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl -4-butyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl-5-methyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl-5-ethyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl-5 -propyl-2-oxazoline, 2-vinyl-5-butyl-2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-4-methyl-2 -oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-4-ethyl-2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-4-propyl-2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-4-butyl- 2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-5-methyl-2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-5-ethyl-2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-5-propyl 2-oxazoline, 2-isopropenyl-5-butyl-2-oxazoline and the like are preferably 2-isopropenyl-2-oxazoline from the viewpoint of availability and the like. Further, in consideration of the use of an aqueous solvent to prepare a conductive carbon material dispersant, it is preferred that the oxazoline polymer is water-soluble. Such a water-soluble oxazoline polymer may be a homopolymer of an oxazoline monomer represented by the above formula (1), but in order to further improve solubility in water, the above-mentioned oxazoline monomer may be It is preferred that at least two monomers of the (meth) acrylate monomer having a hydrophilic functional group are subjected to radical polymerization. Specific examples of the (meth)acrylic monomer having a hydrophilic functional group include (meth)acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate, and acrylic acid. Monoesters with polyethylene glycol esters, 2-aminoethyl acrylate and its salts, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methoxypolyethylene glycol methacrylate, methacrylic acid and polyethylene glycol Monoester, 2-aminoethyl methacrylate and its salts, sodium (meth)acrylate, ammonium (meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylamide, N-hydroxyl Methyl (meth) acrylamide, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) (meth) acrylamide, sodium styrene sulfonate, etc. may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, a monoester of (meth)acrylic acid methoxypolyethylene glycol, (meth)acrylic acid and polyethylene glycol is suitable. Further, in the present invention, the oxazoline monomer and the (meth) group having a hydrophilic functional group may be used in combination within a range which does not adversely affect the dispersion of the conductive carbon material of the obtained oxazoline polymer. Other monomers than acrylic monomers. Specific examples of the other monomer include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, and (methyl). a (meth) acrylate monomer such as stearyl sulfonate, (meth)acrylic acid perfluoroethyl or (meth)acrylic acid phenyl; and an α-olefin system such as ethylene, propylene, butylene or pentene a monomer; a halogenated olefin monomer such as vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride or vinyl fluoride; a styrene monomer such as styrene or α-methylstyrene; a carboxylic acid such as vinyl acetate or vinyl propionate. A vinyl ester-based monomer, a vinyl ether-based monomer such as methyl vinyl ether or ethyl vinyl ether, or the like may be used alone or in combination of two or more. [0040] In the monomer component used in the production of the oxazoline polymer used in the present invention, the content of the oxazoline monomer is 10% by mass from the viewpoint of further increasing the CNT dispersing ability of the oxazoline polymer obtained. The above is preferable, and it is preferably 20% by mass or more, and more preferably 30% by mass or more. Further, the upper limit of the content of the oxazoline monomer in the monomer component is 100% by mass, and in this case, a homopolymer of the oxazoline monomer can be obtained. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of further improving the water solubility of the oxazoline polymer obtained, the content of the (meth)acrylic monomer having a hydrophilic functional group in the monomer component is 10% by mass or more. Preferably, it is preferably 20% by mass or more, and more preferably 30% by mass or more. Further, the content of the other monomer in the monomer component is within the range which does not affect the CNT dispersing ability of the obtained oxazoline polymer as described above, and since it differs depending on the type, it is not impossible. It is determined sexually, but it is preferably set in the range of 5 to 95% by mass, preferably 10 to 90% by mass. The average molecular weight of the oxazoline polymer is not particularly limited, and the weight average molecular weight is preferably from 1,000 to 2,000,000. When the weight average molecular weight of the polymer is less than 1,000, the dispersibility of the conductive carbon material is remarkably lowered, or the dispersibility is not exhibited. On the other hand, when the weight average molecular weight exceeds 2,000,000, there is a fear that the operation of the dispersion treatment becomes extremely difficult. An oxazoline polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 to 1,000,000 is preferred. Further, the weight average molecular weight of the present invention is a measurement value (in terms of polystyrene) obtained by gel permeation chromatography. The oxazoline polymer which can be used in the present invention can be synthesized by radical polymerization of the above-mentioned monomer by a known method, and a commercially available product can also be obtained. As such a commercially available product, for example, Epocross WS-300 (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd., solid concentration: 10% by mass, aqueous solution), Epocross WS-700 (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai, solid concentration: 25% by mass, aqueous solution), Epocross WS-500 ((Japanese) Japanese catalyst system, solid concentration 39% by mass, water / 1-methoxy-2-propanol solution), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (Aldrich), poly ( 2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (AlfaAesar), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline) (VWR International, LLC), and the like. Further, in the case of a commercially available solution, it may be used as it is, or it may be replaced by a solvent of interest. In the present invention, the mixing ratio of the conductive carbon material dispersing agent and the conductive carbon material can be made to be about 100:1 to 1:100 by mass ratio. In addition, the concentration of the surfactant in the dispersion liquid is not particularly limited as long as the concentration of the conductive carbon material is dispersed in the solvent, and in the present invention, it is 0.001 to 50% by mass in the dispersion liquid. Preferably, it is preferably from 0.01 to 40% by mass. Further, the concentration of the conductive carbon material in the dispersion is changed depending on the mechanical properties, electrical properties, thermal properties, and the like required for the film, and at least one portion of the conductive carbon material is randomly dispersed. In the present invention, it is preferably 0.001 to 50% by mass in the dispersion, more preferably 0.01 to 40% by mass, and more preferably 0.02 to 30% by mass. Further, the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention may contain a crosslinking agent which is soluble in the above solvent. As the crosslinking agent, any of the compound which causes a crosslinking reaction with the dispersing agent to be used, or a self-crosslinking compound, can be reacted with the dispersing agent from the viewpoint of further improving the solvent resistance of the obtained film. A cross-linking agent is preferred. [0045] As a compound which causes a crosslinking reaction with a dispersing agent, for example, if the dispersing agent is an oxazoline polymer, it has two or more carboxyl groups, a hydroxyl group, a mercapto group, an amine group, a sulfinic acid group, an epoxy group, or the like. The compound having a functional group reactive with the oxazoline group is not particularly limited, and a compound having two or more carboxyl groups is preferred. Further, there is a functional group which causes a crosslinking reaction due to heating at the time of film formation or in the presence of an acid catalyst, for example, a sodium salt, a potassium salt, a lithium salt, an ammonium salt or the like of a carboxylic acid. It can also be used as a crosslinking agent. Specific examples of such a compound include a synthetic polymer such as polyacrylic acid or a copolymer thereof which exhibits crosslinking reactivity in the presence of an acid catalyst, and a natural high of carboxymethylcellulose or alginic acid. a metal salt of a molecule, which is a synthetic polymer and a ammonium salt of a natural polymer which exhibit cross-linking reactivity by heating, and particularly a sodium polyacrylate which exhibits crosslinking reactivity in the presence of an acid catalyst or under heating conditions. Lithium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, lithium carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose ammonium, etc. are preferred. Further, a commercially available product can be obtained by a compound which causes a crosslinking reaction with an oxazoline group, and as such a commercially available product, for example, sodium polyacrylate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., polymerization degree 2,700) can be mentioned. ~7,500), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), sodium alginate (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., deer grade 1), Aron A-30 (ammonium polyacrylate, East Asian synthesis) , a solid content of 32% by mass, an aqueous solution), DN-800H (carboxymethylcellulose ammonium, manufactured by Dell Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd.), ammonium alginate (manufactured by Hicam), and the like. The self-crosslinking crosslinking agent may, for example, be an aldehyde group, an epoxy group, a vinyl group, an isocyanate group or an alkoxy group of a hydroxyl group, an aldehyde group, an amine group, an isocyanate group or a ring for a carboxyl group. An oxy group, a compound having a crosslinkable functional group which reacts with each other in the same molecule, such as an isocyanate group or an aldehyde group of an amine group, or a hydroxyl group (dehydration condensation) having a same crosslinkable functional group reacting with each other, A compound such as a mercapto group (disulfide bond), an ester group (Claisen condensation), a decyl group (dehydration condensation), a vinyl group, an acrylonitrile group or the like. Specific examples of the self-crosslinking crosslinking agent include a polyfunctional acrylate which exhibits crosslinking reactivity in the presence of an acid catalyst, a tetraalkoxynonane, a monomer having a blocked isocyanate group, and At least one block copolymer of a hydroxyl group, a carboxylic acid, an amine group, or the like. [0048] Such a self-crosslinking crosslinking agent is commercially available, and as such a commercially available product, for example, a polyfunctional acrylate such as A-9300 (ethoxylated iso-cyanuric acid) is exemplified. Triacrylate, manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd., A-GLY-9E (ethoxylated glycerin triacrylate (EO9mol), manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), A-TMMT (pentaerythritol tetraacrylate) , New Nakamura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), tetraalkoxy decane, such as tetramethoxy decane (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), tetraethoxy decane (manufactured by Toyo Chemical Co., Ltd.), with Isocyanate-based polymers such as Elastron series E-37, H-3, H38, BAP, NEW BAP-15, C-52, F-29, W-11P, MF-9, MF-25K (first industry) Pharmaceutical (share) system, etc. [0049] Each of the above-mentioned crosslinking agents may be used singly or in combination of two or more kinds. The amount of the crosslinking agent to be added varies depending on the solvent to be used, the substrate to be used, the required viscosity, the desired film shape, and the like, and is preferably 0.001 to 80% by mass, and 0.01 to 50% by mass based on the dispersing agent. Preferably, it is preferably from 0.05 to 40% by mass. In the present invention, as a catalyst for promoting the crosslinking reaction, for example, p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, pyridinium p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid, sulfinic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, or the like may be added. An acidic compound such as hydroxybenzoic acid or naphthalenecarboxylic acid, and/or 2,4,4,6-tetrabromocyclohexadienone, benzoin tosylate, 2-nitrobenzyl tosylate, organic A thermal acid generator such as an alkyl sulfonate. The amount of the catalyst added is 0.0001 to 20% by mass based on the dispersant, preferably 0.0005 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 0.001 to 3% by mass. Further, in the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention, it may be a matrix polymer. The matrix polymer may, for example, be polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polytetrafluoroethylene, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, or vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer [P (VDF-HFP). )], a fluorine-based resin such as vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene chloride copolymer [P(VDF-CTFE)], polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, PE (poly Polyolefin resin such as ethylene), PP (polypropylene), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), EEA (ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer); PS (polystyrene), HIPS (impact resistant polymerization) Styrene), AS (acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer), ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), MS (methyl-styrene copolymer methacrylate), styrene-butadiene Polystyrene resin such as rubber; polycarbonate resin; vinyl chloride resin; polyamide resin; polyimine resin; sodium polyacrylate, PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), etc. Resin; PET (polyethylene terephthalate), polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polybutylene naphthalate, PLA (polylactic acid), poly-3-hydroxybutyric acid Gathering Polyester resin such as ester, polybutylene succinate, polyethylene succinate/adipate; polyphenylene ether resin; denatured polyphenylene resin; polyacetal resin; polyfluorene resin Polyphenylene sulfide resin; polyvinyl alcohol resin; polyglycolic acid; modified starch; cellulose acetate, carboxymethyl cellulose, cellulose triacetate; chitin, chitosan; thermoplastic resin such as lignin , or polyaniline and its semi-oxide aniline green base; polythiophene; polypyrrole; polyphenylacetylene; polyphenylene; conductive polymer such as polyacetylene, and epoxy resin; urethane acrylate a phenol resin, a melamine resin, a urea resin, a thermosetting resin such as an alkyd resin, or a photocurable resin. In the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention, since water is suitably used as a solvent, the matrix polymer is also water-soluble. Examples of the nature include sodium polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, water-soluble cellulose ether, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrenesulfonic acid, polyethylene glycol, etc., and particularly suitable for polymerization. Sodium acrylate, carboxymethyl fiber Sodium. In the case of the commercially available product, for example, sodium polyacrylate (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., polymerization degree: 2,700 to 7,500), carboxymethyl cellulose, and the like. Sodium (made by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), sodium alginate (made by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd., Deer 1), Metolose SH series (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), Metolose SE series (hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), JC-25 (completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol, manufactured by Japan VAM & POVAL Co., Ltd.), JM-17 (intermediate saponified polyvinyl alcohol, Japanese VAM & POVAL Co., Ltd., JP-03 (partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol, manufactured by VAM & POVAL Co., Ltd.), polystyrenesulfonic acid (manufactured by Aldrich Co., Ltd., solid content: 18% by mass, aqueous solution), and the like. The content of the matrix polymer is not particularly limited, and it is preferably from 0.0001 to 99% by mass in the composition, and preferably from 0.001 to 90% by mass. The method for preparing the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention is any one, and the surfactant, the conductive carbon material, the solvent, and the antifoaming agent are mixed in an arbitrary order, and the crosslinking agent and the matrix are used as necessary. The molecule can be used to prepare the dispersion. At this time, it is preferable to carry out dispersion treatment of a mixture composed of a surfactant, a conductive carbon material, and a solvent, and by this treatment, the dispersion ratio of the conductive carbon material can be further improved. Examples of the dispersion treatment include wet treatment using a ball mill, a bead mill, a jet mill, or the like, or ultrasonic treatment using a sink type or probe type sonicator, in particular, using a jet mill. Wet processing or ultrasonic processing of the machine is suitable. Further, since the defoaming agent is added in advance before the dispersion treatment, foaming is preferably suppressed during the dispersion treatment, but the dispersion of the conductive carbon material by the surfactant may be inhibited. It can also be added after the dispersion process. Further, the crosslinking agent or the matrix polymer may be added after preparing a dispersion containing components other than these. In the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared by the above operation, the dispersant is physically adsorbed on the surface of the conductive carbon material to form a composite. When the conductive film is produced using the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention, the conductive carbon material dispersion (the conductive film composition) can be applied to the substrate or the formed product on which the film is to be formed. This is produced by natural or heat drying to form a conductive adhesive layer. The substrate or the formation is not particularly limited, and metals such as copper, aluminum, nickel, gold, silver, and the like, and alloys thereof; carbon materials; metal oxides; conductive polymers; polyethylene, poly-ply Synthetic polymers such as ethylene glycol diester, polypropylene, and polyamidene; natural polymers such as cellulose and chitosan. The thickness thereof is not particularly limited, and is preferably 1 to 100 μm in the present invention. The conductive film obtained from the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention is present between the current collecting substrate and the active material layer constituting the electrode of the energy storage device, and particularly preferably a conductive adhesive layer for bonding the two. . In the present invention, examples of the energy storage device include an electric double layer capacitor, a lithium secondary battery, a lithium ion secondary battery, a proton polymer battery, a nickel hydrogen battery, an aluminum solid capacitor, an electrolytic capacitor, and a lead storage battery. In the energy storage device, the conductive film obtained from the conductive carbon material dispersion of the present invention is particularly suitable for use in an electrode of an electric double layer capacitor or a lithium ion secondary battery. When an electrode is produced using the composition for a conductive thin film of the present invention, it is preferred to form a composite current collector composed of a current collecting substrate and a conductive adhesive layer. This composite current collecting system can be produced by applying the above-described conductive carbon material dispersion (composition for a conductive film) on a current collecting substrate, and drying it by natural or heat drying to form a conductive adhesive layer. As the current collecting substrate, it is preferable to use it as a user of the current collecting substrate which is an electrode for an energy storage device, and for example, copper, aluminum, nickel, gold, silver, and alloys or carbon materials thereof, metal oxide can be used. A film such as a material or a conductive polymer. The thickness thereof is not particularly limited, and is preferably 1 to 100 μm in the present invention. [0056] The thickness of the conductive adhesive layer in the present invention is preferably 5 μm or less, preferably 1 μm or less, and 0.5 μm or less, in consideration of increasing the energy density of the battery and reducing the resistance of the conductive adhesive layer. Better. The thickness of the conductive adhesive layer can be calculated by observing the cross section of the conductive adhesive layer using a scanning microscope (hereinafter, SEM) or by dividing the unit weight by the specific gravity of the conductive adhesive layer. The cross section of the conductive adhesive layer can be obtained by, for example, tearing the composite current collector and processing it by an ion beam. [0057] The unit weight is the mass of the conductive adhesive layer (g) to the area of the conductive adhesive layer (m) 2 When the conductive adhesive layer is formed into a pattern, the area is only the area of the conductive adhesive layer, and does not include the current collecting substrate exposed between the conductive adhesive layers formed into a pattern. The area. The quality of the conductive adhesive layer is, for example, a test piece of an appropriate size cut out from the composite current collector, and the mass W0 thereof is measured, and then the conductive adhesive layer is peeled off from the composite current collector, and the mass W1 after peeling off the conductive adhesive layer is measured. And calculating from the difference (W0-W1), or measuring the mass W2 of the collector substrate in advance, and thereafter measuring the mass W3 of the composite collector having formed the conductive bonding layer, and the difference therefrom ( W3-W2) to calculate. Examples of the method of peeling off the conductive adhesive layer include a method of dissolving the conductive adhesive layer, or immersing the conductive adhesive layer in a solvent which is swollen, and wiping off the conductive adhesive layer by a cloth or the like. [0058] The specific gravity of the conductive adhesive layer can be calculated, for example, by dividing the unit weight by the film thickness. Further, the measurement can be carried out by a bead substitution method, a tap density measurement, or the like. [0059] The film thickness can be adjusted by a known method. For example, when the conductive adhesive layer is formed by coating, the solid concentration of the coating liquid (the CNT-containing composition) for forming the conductive adhesive layer, the number of times of application, and the coating liquid of the coating machine are changed. Adjust the distance between the mouths. When it is desired to increase the unit weight, it is to increase the solid concentration, increase the number of coatings, or increase the spacing. When it is desired to reduce the unit weight or the film thickness, it is such as to reduce the solid concentration, reduce the number of coatings, or reduce the pitch. [0060] Examples of the coating method include a spin coating method, a dip coating method, a flow coating method, an inkjet method, a spray coating method, a bar coating method, a gravure coating method, and a slit coating method. Method, roll coating method, flexographic printing method, transfer printing method, brush coating method, blade coating method, air knife coating method, etc., from the viewpoint of work efficiency, etc., it is suitable for inkjet method, casting method, Dip coating method, bar coating method, knife coating method, roll coating method, gravure coating method, flexographic printing method, spray coating method. The temperature at the time of heat drying is also arbitrary, preferably about 50 to 200 ° C, and preferably about 80 to 150 ° C. [0061] Further, the energy storage device electrode can be formed by forming an active material layer on the conductive adhesive layer of the composite current collector. Here, as the active material, various active materials used in the past energy storage device electrodes can be used. For example, in the case of a lithium secondary battery or a lithium ion secondary battery, as a positive electrode active material, a chalcogen compound capable of adsorbing and desorbing lithium ions, a chalcogen compound containing lithium ions, a polyanionic compound, or the like can be used. Sulfur monomer and its compounds. As such a chalcogen compound capable of adsorbing and desorbing lithium ions, for example, FeS 2 , TiS 2 MoS 2 V 2 O 6 V 6 O 13 MnO 2 Wait. As a chalcogen compound containing a lithium ion, LiCoO is mentioned, for example. 2 LiMnO 2 LiMn 2 O 4 LiMo 2 O 4 LiV 3 O 8 LiNiO 2 Li x Ni y M 1-y O 2 (M), M represents at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of Co, Mn, Ti, Cr, V, Al, Sn, Pb, and Zn, and 0.05 ≦ x ≦ 1.10, 0.5 ≦ y ≦ 1.0). As the polyanionic compound, for example, LiFePO can be mentioned. 4 Wait. As the sulfur compound, for example, Li can be mentioned 2 S, ruthenic acid, etc. [0062] On the other hand, as the negative electrode active material constituting the above negative electrode, for example, an alkali metal, an alkali alloy, or an absorption can be used. Release at least one monomer, oxide, sulfide, nitride of lithium ion selected from elements of Groups 4 to 15 of the periodic table, or reversibly absorb. A carbon material that emits lithium ions. Examples of the alkali metal include Li, Na, and K. Specific examples of the alkali metal alloy include metals such as Li, Li-Al, Li-Mg, Li-Al-Ni, Na, and Na-Hg. Na-Zn and the like. Examples of the monomer which absorbs at least one element selected from the group 4 to 15 elements of the periodic table of lithium ions, for example, bismuth or tin, aluminum, zinc, arsenic or the like can be mentioned. Specific examples of the oxide include, for example, tin antimony oxide (SnSiO). 3 ), lithium lanthanum oxide (Li 3 BiO 4 ), lithium zinc oxide (Li 2 ZnO 2 ), lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 )Wait. Specific examples of the sulfide include lithium iron sulfide (Li x FeS 2 (0≦x≦3)), lithium copper sulfide (Li x CuS (0≦x≦3)) and the like. Similarly, as the nitride, a transition metal nitride containing lithium is exemplified, and specific examples thereof include Li. x M y N (M=Co, Ni, Cu, 0≦x≦3, 0≦y≦0.5), lithium iron nitride (Li 3 FeN 4 )Wait. As reversible absorption. Examples of the carbon material that emits lithium ions include graphite, carbon black, coke, glassy carbon, carbon fiber, carbon nanotubes, or the like. Further, in the case of an electric double layer capacitor, a carbonaceous material can be used as an active material. Specific examples of the carbonaceous material include activated carbon, and the like, and examples thereof include activated carbon obtained by carbonizing a phenol resin and then activating the phenol resin. Further, in the electrode of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned active material, a conductive auxiliary agent may be added. Specific examples of the conductive auxiliary agent include carbon black, ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon whiskers, carbon fibers, natural graphite, artificial graphite, titanium oxide, cerium oxide, aluminum, nickel, and the like. [0065] The active material layer can be formed by applying an active material, a binder polymer, and an electrode slurry according to the solvent described above to the conductive adhesive layer, and drying it naturally or by heating. The binder polymer can be appropriately selected from known materials, and examples thereof include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVdF), polyvinylpyrrolidone, polytetrafluoroethylene, and tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer. Vinylene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer [P(VDF-HFP)], vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene chloride copolymer [P(VDF-CTFE)], polyvinyl alcohol, polyimine, Conductive polymers such as ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, styrene-butadiene rubber, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and polyaniline. Further, the amount of the binder polymer added is 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, particularly preferably 1 to 10 parts by mass, per 100 parts by mass of the active material. The solvent which is exemplified as the above-mentioned oxazoline polymer may be appropriately selected from the above-mentioned types of the binder, and in the case of a water-insoluble binder such as PVdF, NMP is suitable. In the case of a water-soluble binder such as PAA, water is suitable. [0066] The coating method of the electrode slurry is the same as the above-described composition for forming a conductive adhesive layer. Further, the temperature at the time of heat drying may be any, preferably from 50 to 200 ° C, preferably from 80 to 150 ° C. [0067] The energy storage device of the present invention includes the electrode, and more specifically, at least one of a positive and a negative electrode including at least one pair of positive and negative electrodes, a spacer separating the electrodes, and an electrolyte. It is composed of the above-mentioned energy storage device electrodes. Since the energy storage device is characterized in that the electrode of the energy storage device is used as an electrode, a spacer or an electrolyte or the like of other device constituent members can be appropriately selected from known materials. Specific examples of the spacer include a cellulose spacer, a polyolefin spacer, and the like. The electrolyte can be either a liquid or a solid, and can be either a water-based or non-aqueous system. The electrode for an energy storage device of the present invention can also be practically used when it is applied to a device using a non-aqueous electrolyte. Performance. [0068] The nonaqueous electrolyte solution is a nonaqueous electrolyte solution obtained by dissolving an electrolyte salt in a nonaqueous organic solvent. Examples of the electrolyte salt include lithium salts such as lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium perchlorate, and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate; tetramethylammonium hexafluorophosphate and tetraethylammonium a quaternary ammonium salt such as fluorophosphate, tetrapropylammonium hexafluorophosphate, methyltriethylammonium hexafluorophosphate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate or tetraethylammonium perchlorate. Examples of the nonaqueous organic solvent include alkyl carbonate such as propyl carbonate, ethyl carbonate, and butyl carbonate; dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate. A dialkyl carbonate such as a nitrile such as acetonitrile or a guanamine such as dimethylformamide. [Examples] Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of Production Examples, Examples and Comparative Examples, but the present invention is not limited by the following examples. Further, the measuring device used is as follows. (1) Probe-type ultrasonic irradiation device: manufactured by Hielscher Ultrasonics Co., Ltd., UIP1000 (2) Bar coater (film production) Device: (share) SMT made PM-9050MC (3) Selectable roll (select-roller )) Preparation of precursor dispersion of OSP-30, OSP-13, OSP-8 [1970] [Production Example 1-1] Epocross WS mixing an aqueous solution containing an oxazoline polymer -700 (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd., solid content concentration 25% by mass, weight average molecular weight 4×10 4 The amount of the oxazoline group was 4.5 mmol/g, 2.0 g, and 47.5 g of distilled water, and 0.5 g of a multilayer CNT ("NC7000" manufactured by Nanocyl Co., Ltd.) of a conductive carbon material was further mixed. The obtained mixture was subjected to ultrasonic treatment at room temperature for 30 minutes using a probe type ultrasonic irradiation device, and was prepared to uniformly disperse the CNT to form the precursor dispersion A. [Production Example 1-2] The mixture contains ammonium polyacrylate (PAA-NH) 4 Aron A-30 (East Asian synthesis (stock), solid concentration 31.6% by mass) 0.7g, ammonium alginate (alginic acid NH) 4 (2 g of 1% aqueous solution of (()), and 29.3 g of distilled water. The obtained solution was mixed with 50 ml of the precursor dispersion liquid A before the production example 1-1 to prepare a precursor dispersion liquid B in which CNTs were uniformly dispersed. [Production Example 1-3] The same procedure as in Production Example 1-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material was changed to 0.5 g of acetylene black ("Denka Black" manufactured by Denki Kagaku Co., Ltd.). Into the precursor dispersion C. [Production Example 1-4] The conductive precursor dispersion liquid D was prepared in the same manner as in Production Example 1-2 except that the precursor dispersion liquid A was changed to the precursor dispersion liquid C. [2] Preparation of Conductive Carbon Material Dispersion [Example 1-1] Preparation of precursor dispersion B50g prepared in Mixed Production Example 1-2, and acetylene surfactant (antifoaming agent) Olfine E- 1004 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., solid content: 100% by mass) 25 mg, and prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion. [Example 1-2] Except that the acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to 25 mg of the acetylene-based surfactant Surfynol 420 (solid content: 100% by mass, manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Others were prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion in the same manner as in Example 1-1. [Example 1-3] The precursor dispersion D 50 prepared in Mixed Production Example 1-4, and the acetylene surfactant Olfine E-1004 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., solid concentration 100) Mass%) 25 mg, which was prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion. [Example 1-4] Except that the acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to 25 mg of the acetylene-based surfactant Surfynol 420 (solid content: 100% by mass, manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) Others were prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion in the same manner as in Example 1-3. [Example 1-5] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a polyfluorene-based defoamer Polyflow KL100 (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., solid concentration: 100% by mass) 25 mg. Other than the same procedure as in Example 1-1, a conductive carbon material dispersion was prepared. [Example 1-6] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a metal soap-based antifoaming agent, Nopko NXZ (manufactured by Sannoteco Co., Ltd., solid content: 100% by mass) Other than the 25 mg, the same procedure as in Example 1-1 was carried out to prepare a conductive carbon material dispersion. [Example 1-7] In addition to changing the acetylene surfactant Olfine E-1004 to an acrylic defoamer Polyflow KL800 (manufactured by Kyoeisha Chemical Co., Ltd., solid concentration 93% by mass) 26.9 mg Others were prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion in the same manner as in Example 1-1. [Comparative Example 1-1] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a polyether-based antifoaming agent SN Defoamer 170 (manufactured by Sannocop Co., Ltd., solid content: 100% by mass) 25 mg. Other than the other method, the conductive carbon material dispersion liquid was prepared in the same manner as in the operation 2-1. [Comparative Example 1-2] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a polyether-based defoamer SN Defoamer 260 (manufactured by Sannoteco Co., Ltd., solid concentration: 100% by mass) 25 mg. Other than the same procedure as in Example 1-1, a conductive carbon material dispersion was prepared. [Comparative Example 1-3] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a polyether-based antifoaming agent, Disfoam CC-438 (solid content: 100% by mass, manufactured by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.), 25 mg. Others were prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion in the same manner as in Example 1-1. [Comparative Example 1-4] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a polyether-based antifoaming agent, Disfoam CD-432 (solid content: 100% by mass, manufactured by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.), 25 mg. Others were prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion in the same manner as in Example 1-1. [Comparative Example 1-5] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a polyether-based antifoaming agent, Disfoam CE-457 (solid stock concentration: 100% by mass, manufactured by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.), 25 mg. Others were prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion in the same manner as in Example 1-1. [Comparative Example 1-6] In addition to changing the acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 to a polyether-based antifoaming agent defoamer PF-H (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), the solid concentration was 100%. In the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that %) was 25 mg, a conductive carbon material dispersion liquid was prepared. [Comparative Example 1-7] In addition to changing the acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 to a polyether-based antifoaming agent defoamer PF-M (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), the solid concentration was 100%. In the same manner as in Example 1-1 except that %) was 25 mg, a conductive carbon material dispersion liquid was prepared. [Comparative Example 1-8] In addition to changing the acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 to a polyether-based antifoaming agent defoamer PF-L (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.), the solid concentration was 100%. Other than the above, except for 25 mg, a conductive carbon material dispersion was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1. [Comparative Example 1-9] The acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a fluorine-based antifoaming agent Flowlen AO-82 (manufactured by Sannocop Co., Ltd., solid content: 1.8% by mass) 25 mg. Other than the same procedure as in Example 1-1, a conductive carbon material dispersion was prepared. [Comparative Example 1-10] Except that the acetylene-based surfactant Olfine E-1004 was changed to a polyether-based antifoaming agent, Disfoam CD-432 (solid stock concentration: 100% by mass, manufactured by Nippon Oil Co., Ltd.), 25 mg. Others were prepared into a conductive carbon material dispersion in the same manner as in Example 1-3. [3] Evaluation of Conductive Carbon Material Dispersion [Example 2-1] The conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-1 was added to a spiral tube (manufactured by Maruemu, No. 8). ), shaking with a hand for 30 seconds to make bubbles. After standing for 300 seconds, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion and the amount of bubbles on the liquid surface were visually confirmed. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, and the bubbles disappear and float to the surface. [Example 2-2] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-2. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, and the bubbles disappear and float to the surface. [Example 2-3] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-3. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, and the bubbles disappear and float to the surface. [Example 2-4] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-4. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, and the bubbles disappear and float to the surface. [Example 2-5] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-5. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes and the CNT becomes agglomerated, but the bubble disappears and floats out of the liquid surface. [Example 2-6] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-6. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes and becomes agglomerated, but the bubbles disappear and float out of the liquid surface. [Example 2-7] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-7. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes and the CNT becomes agglomerated, but the bubble disappears and floats out of the liquid surface. [Comparative Example 2-1] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-1. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes, the CNTs become agglomerated, and the liquid surface is covered by the bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-2] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-2. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes, the CNTs become agglomerated, and the liquid surface is covered by the bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-3] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-3. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes, the CNTs become agglomerated, and the liquid surface is covered by the bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-4] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-4. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes, the CNTs become agglomerated, and the liquid surface is covered by the bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-5] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-5. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes, the CNTs become agglomerated, and the liquid surface is covered by the bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-6] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-6. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, but the liquid surface is covered with bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-7] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-7. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, but the liquid surface is covered with bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-8] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-8. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, but the liquid surface is covered with bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-9] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-9. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes, the CNTs become agglomerated, and the liquid surface is covered by the bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-10] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion was changed to the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Example 1-10. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes, and acetylene black aggregates, and the liquid surface is covered with bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-11] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion liquid was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2-1 except that the precursor dispersion liquid B was prepared in Production Example 1-2. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, but the liquid surface is covered with bubbles. [Comparative Example 2-12] The same procedure as in Example 2-1 was carried out except that the conductive carbon material dispersion liquid was changed to the preparation precursor dispersion liquid D in Production Example 1-4. As a result, the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion is maintained, but the liquid surface is covered with bubbles. The above Examples 2-1 to 2-7 and Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-12 are shown in Table 1. [Table 1] As shown in Table 1, Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-8 and 2-10 containing a polyether surfactant, and conductive carbon materials prepared by Comparative Examples 2 to 9 containing a fluorine-based surfactant In the dispersion liquid and the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Comparative Examples 2-11 and 12 in which the surfactant was not added as the antifoaming agent, bubbles were not immediately removed. On the other hand, Examples 2-1 to 2-4 further containing an acetylene-based antifoaming agent, Examples 2 to 5 containing a polyfluorene-based surfactant, and Examples 2 to 6 containing a metal soap-based antifoaming agent The bubbles in the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 2-7 containing the acrylic antifoaming agent disappeared immediately. Further, Examples 2 to 5 containing a polyoxo-based surfactant, Examples 2 to 6 containing a metal soap-based antifoaming agent, and Conductive carbon materials prepared in Examples 2 to 7 containing an acrylic antifoaming agent In the dispersion, the bubbles immediately disappear, but the liquid state of the conductive carbon material dispersion changes to cause aggregation. On the other hand, in the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Examples 2-1 to 2-4 containing the acetylene-based antifoaming agent, the bubbles immediately disappeared and the uniform dispersion state was maintained. [4] Coating of Conductive Carbon Material Dispersion [Example 3-1] Conductive carbon prepared in Example 1-1 was obtained by a wire bar coater (selective roll: OSP-30) The material dispersion was uniformly spread on an aluminum foil (thickness: 15 μm), and then dried at 150 ° C for 20 minutes to obtain an aluminum foil (hereinafter, a composite current collector) having a uniform conductive adhesive layer having no coating defects. Cut the obtained composite collector into 120cm 2 After the area was measured and mass-measured, the conductive adhesive layer was removed by scrubbing with a 0.1 mol/L dilute aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. The mass measurement of the residual aluminum foil was carried out, and the mass change of the conductive adhesive layer was determined by dividing the mass change before and after the removal of the conductive adhesive layer by 268 mg/m. 2 . Further, as a result of observing the cross section of the composite current collector by SEM observation, the film thickness was 0.199 μm. The specific gravity of the conductive adhesive layer obtained from this value is 1.35 g/cm. 3 . [Example 3-2] A composite current collector was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1 except that the selective roll: OSP-30 was changed to the selective roll: OSP-13. The result of obtaining the unit weight of the obtained conductive adhesive layer was 147 mg/m. 2 . The film thickness calculated from the unit weight and the specific gravity determined in Example 3-1 was 0.109 μm. [Example 3-3] A composite current collector was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3-1 except that the selective roll: OSP-30 was changed to the selective roll: OSP-8. The result of obtaining the unit weight of the obtained conductive adhesive layer was 93 mg/m. 2 . The film thickness calculated from the unit weight and the specific gravity determined in Example 3-1 was 0.069 μm. [Example 3-4] The same procedure as in Example 3-1 was carried out except that 50 g of pure water was added to 10 g of the conductive carbon material dispersion prepared in Example 1-1 to be diluted, and a composite set was obtained. Electric body. The result of obtaining the unit weight of the obtained conductive adhesive layer was 19 mg/m. 2 . The film thickness calculated from the unit weight and the specific gravity determined in Example 3-1 was 0.014 μm.