TW201800642A - Road rigid paving plate support structure whereby only hoisting operations are needed to replace the precast plate in case of any damage to the pavement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a precast and prestressed road rigid paving support structure for rapid construction, which comprises male and female precast blocks, an adjustable pedestal, a bench foundation, and a permeable base layer grade material. The precast plate adopts a design of permeable paving and permeable base layer to make possible the permeability and water-holding function of the roadbed soil, so as to effectively conserve water and improve the heat island effect. The adjustable pedestal can flexibly adjust the height at any time according to the needs of road surface levelness to meet the requirements of the road-smoothing project and ensure the rights and interests of road occupants. The support structure is designed to provide adequate pavement carrying capacity based on the thickness design program and the required design traffic volume, which is transferred to the pedestal and the bench foundation via the precast and prestressed grating beam structure to ensure structural safety. Accordingly, in case of any damage to the pavement, only hoisting operations are needed to replace the precast plate, and thus construction and maintenance are fast and easy.

Description

Road rigid pavement block support structure

The invention relates to a support structure for a rigid pavement block in the form of concrete, which provides the function of cultivating water sources such as water permeability and water retention of the subgrade soil, and the pavement elevation can be adjusted at any time to meet the requirements for the flatness of the pavement, and can be quickly constructed and maintained The need for replacement.

The rigid pavement has a better bearing capacity than the flexible pavement. Therefore, some high-traffic arteries, including airport runways, specific sections of highways, bridges, and docks, generally use rigid pavements. Traditional rigid pavement is paved on the site, the construction quality is affected by the weather, and the compaction degree of subgrade soil or basement is strict. The weather is humid and rainy in Taiwan. When the subgrade is immersed in water, the basement layer will inevitably cause damage to the surface layer concrete, which is very inconvenient to maintain and seriously affects traffic flow.

When designing the thickness of rigid pavement, it is necessary to check the central and edge warping stress caused by nuclear thermal expansion and contraction. The vehicle load acts on the stress and strain of the plate center, central edge and plate corners. The plate thickness is uniform and cannot be simultaneously Taking into account the stress and strain strength requirements of different sizes in various places, the overall thickness is increased for safety reasons, and the construction cost is increased.

When local rutting damage or block seam rupture occurs on the rigid pavement concrete, machinery and equipment are required to remove the damaged block. Re-concrete the concrete, but it is often found that the maintenance effect is difficult to last unless the whole block is knocked out and redone, which is labor-consuming and time-consuming.

Even if the new road is constructed with concrete blocks, although the hoisting is fast and convenient, the construction of the subgrade soil and basement takes a long time and the construction period cannot be shortened. And because traditional rigid blocks and concrete blocks cannot be removed quickly after laying, it will hinder the underground pipe trench burial operation, and it is difficult to repair the partially rigid pavement blocks after the trench backfilling, which seriously affects the smoothness of the pavement.

Although some related literatures on road rigid pavement have been proposed, such as Taiwan Invention Patent Bulletin No. I317772, this announcement discloses a rigid pavement repair method, which mainly consists of removing the repair section and using the concept of tendon implantation to implant it properly. Appropriate reinforcement materials that are geometrically arranged to increase the bonding of maintenance materials to concrete paving and reduce cracks in maintenance materials. However, the invention cannot solve the fundamental problem that the subgrade soil, the base course and the bottom layer materials are damaged due to softening by water immersion. Moreover, the surface layer maintenance still needs to be constructed and maintained on site, and the construction period is limited, which affects the smoothness of road traffic.

In view of the problems and disadvantages of the prior art, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a road rigid pavement block support structure, which replaces the traditional road rigid pavement block construction method with a prestressed force, and can completely eliminate the harm caused by water infiltration on the road bottom.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a road rigid paving block support structure, which has the effect of effectively reducing the construction period of the road base layer and the surface layer, and also has the function of water and water retention to improve the urban heat island effect, which can achieve environmental protection and durability, rapid maintenance and Significant advantages affecting traffic.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a support structure for a rigid pavement block of a road. For the gradual cross-sections of the ends of the grid beams of the male and female elements of the concrete block, an angular arch design is adopted to enhance the shear strength and avoid the occurrence of damage mechanics. (Opening mode) crack.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a supporting structure for the rigid pavement block of the road. The joint structure of the ends of the male and female units of the concrete block adopts the method of overlapping beams, which can avoid the general traditional supporting structure to pass through the joints of adjacent units on the wheel. The discontinuity of the load on the base and the plate sometimes reduces the impact force and prolongs the service life of the joints.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a road rigid paving block supporting structure, which is supported under the supporting part of the male and female units of the concrete block by an adjustable base. The elevation of the male and female units of the block to improve the flatness of the joints between the male and female units.

In order to achieve the above and other objectives, the supporting structure of a road rigid pavement block according to the present invention mainly includes: a slab block, an adjustable base, a table base, and a base-level ingredient; wherein the slab block includes a male unit and a female unit. Each male unit and each female unit are composed of a reinforced concrete surface plate and a grid bottom plate. The surface plate is provided with a perforated hole in the cross section, which can discharge the surface runoff of the pavement layer to the lower layer, and borrow The surface layer plate bears the vehicle tire load and transfers it to the lower plate.

The public and female units of the concrete block are composed of two-way prestressed concrete two-way grille beams with bending and shear strength. The grid bottom plate of the public unit of the concrete block corresponds to the lower part of the support at both ends. ,by The longitudinal grille beams form a pair of protruding lower overlap interfaces; the bottom layer of the grille of the female unit of the slate block corresponds to the upper part of the support at both ends, and a pair of protruding upper overlaps is formed by the transverse grille beams. Interface; the lower lap interface and the upper lap interface are complementary to each other to form an upper lap.

In addition, the grid bottom plate of the male unit and the female unit of the grate block protrudes downward at the ends of the two longitudinal ends to form a pair of supporting portions, and an angular arch structure is formed between the two supporting portions.

The adjustable base includes a plate and a plurality of lifting mechanisms, which are supported below the overlapping interface between the male unit and the female unit of the block. Each group of lifting mechanisms is composed of an outer sleeve and an inner screw. The tube is embedded in the base plate to form a shape. The outer tube contains an internal thread to engage with the screw, and can rise or fall with the rotation direction of the screw.

The desktop base includes a base plate and a box-shaped wall body. The base plate is carried under the adjustable base, and the box-shaped wall is isolated from the outside of the adjustable base.

The base layer ingredients include water-permeable bottom granules and base-layer granules. The water-permeable bottom granules mainly have a particle size of # 3/8 to 1 inch. The granules are mixed with cement slurry and filled under the concrete plate. Bottom layer: The base layer granules are mixed with sand and gravel and mixed with ingredients to maintain the particle size between 4.75 and 19 mm, and are filled between the concrete block and the permeable bottom granules.

According to this, the 預鑄 section adopts the design of water-permeable paving and water-permeable base layer, which can make the subgrade soil have water-permeable and water-retaining functions to effectively conserve water sources and improve the heat island effect; the adjustable base can flexibly adjust the height at any time according to the road surface flatness requirements It can meet the requirements of the Luping project and ensure the rights of passers-by; and the supporting structure is designed according to the thickness and the required design The traffic volume can be calculated to provide sufficient pavement bearing capacity, and transmitted to the base and table foundation through the prestressed grid beam structure, which can ensure the structural safety. In addition, if there is any damage to the paving surface, it is only necessary to lift and replace the concrete plate, and the construction and maintenance are convenient and fast.

1‧‧‧ 預鑄 section

10‧‧‧ male unit

10’‧‧‧ mother unit

11‧‧‧ surface layer

110‧‧‧ permeable hole

12, 12’‧‧‧ grille bottom plate

120, 120’‧‧‧ longitudinal grid beam

121、121’‧‧‧ transverse grid beam

122‧‧‧ Lattice Groove

13, 13’‧‧‧ support

14‧‧‧ under the interface

14’‧‧‧uplap interface

2‧‧‧ adjustable base

20‧‧‧ base

21‧‧‧ height adjustment device

211‧‧‧ Outer tube

212‧‧‧Inner screw

3‧‧‧Desktop Foundation

31‧‧‧ Basic Edition

32‧‧‧box wall

4‧‧‧ base level ingredients

41‧‧‧ Pervious bottom pellets

42‧‧‧Grass

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a preferred implementation of a supporting structure for a rigid pavement block of a road according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing an exploded state of a public unit of a cymbal block; and Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing an exploded state of a female unit of a cymbal block ; Figure 4 shows the reinforcement diagram of the surface layer version of the public (parent) unit of the 預鑄 block; Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the grid bottom plate of the 預鑄 block; Figure 5a is used to show the 預鑄 block The imaginary diagram of the longitudinal grid beam of the bottom plate of the male (female) unit grid; Fig. 5b is used to show the imaginary diagram of the transverse grid beam of the bottom plate of the public (female) unit grid; An exploded perspective view of the adjustable base and table foundation; Figure 7 shows the reinforcement diagram of the base; Figure 8 is a partial perspective view showing the support structure of the cymbal block; Figure 9 is the S33 of finite element analysis of traditional seams Stress distribution diagram, which shows: (a) the load at the left of the joint; (b) the load at the center of the joint; (c) the load at the right of the joint; Figure 10 is a finite element analysis of the S33 stress distribution of the joint of the present invention, which shows: (a) the load at the left of the joint; (b) the load at the center of the joint; (c) the joint at the joint Load at the right; Figure 11 is a S33 stress comparison chart showing the traditional joint and the support structure of the present invention; Figure 12 is a flowchart showing the implementation steps of the support structure of the road rigid pavement block of the present invention; Figure 13 is a display showing the 12th Figure 14 shows the detailed operation flowchart of the environmental analysis steps of the implementation process; Figure 14 shows the detailed operation flowchart of the system design steps of the implementation process of Figure 12; Figure 15 shows the system manufacturing and construction process planning showing the implementation process of Figure 12 Detailed operation flowchart of analysis steps.

The technical features of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with an embodiment. This embodiment is only a good example and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The best understanding will be obtained by referring to the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description.

First, a preferred embodiment of the support structure for a rigid pavement block of a road according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 8. As shown in the figure, it mainly includes the 預鑄 plate 1, the adjustable base 2, the desktop foundation 3, and the base-level ingredients 4.

The concrete block 1 includes a male unit 10 and a female unit 10 '. Each male unit 10 and each female unit 10' are composed of a reinforced concrete surface layer plate 11 and a grid bottom plate plate 12, 12 '. And in that faceplate version 11 A plurality of water-permeable holes 110 are provided on the cross section. The screed plate 1 surface layer plate 11 is mainly used to bear the vehicle tire load and transfer it to the lower grille bottom plates 12, 12 '(as shown in Figures 2 and 3). The details of the steel bar design of the surface layer 11 are shown in FIG. 4.

The grid bottom plate 12 (12 ') comprises a plurality of longitudinal grid beams 120 (120') and a plurality of transverse grid beams 121 (121 '), which intersect each other perpendicularly to form a grid structure, and a grid structure is formed between the two. The plurality of lattice grooves 122 correspond to the plurality of water-permeable holes 110 of the surface layer plate 11 (as shown in FIG. 5, only the grid bottom plate of the male unit is used as a representative description in the illustration, and the same applies to the mother unit).

Each longitudinal grille beam 120 of the plurality of longitudinal grille beams 120 is provided with a plurality of transverse water-permeable holes 1201 to communicate with the corresponding lattice slot 122; and each transverse grille beam 121 of the plurality of transverse grille beams 121 is provided with: A plurality of vertical water-permeable holes 1211 communicate with the corresponding lattice groove 122 (as shown in the imaginary diagrams in Figs. 5a and 5b).

Furthermore, the grille bottom plates 12 and 12 'of the male unit 10 and the female unit 10' of the slate block 1 respectively protrude downward at the ends of the two longitudinal ends to form a pair of support portions 13, 13 ', and An angle arch structure is formed between the support portions 13 and 13 '. In addition, the grille bottom plate 12 of the male unit 10 of the grate plate corresponds to the lower part of the support portion 13 at both ends, forming a pair of protruding lower overlapping interfaces 14; the grid of the female unit 10 'of the grate plate 1 The grid bottom plate 12 'corresponds to a pair of protruding upper overlapping interfaces 14' formed on the upper portions of the support portions 13 'at both ends.

The lower lap interface 14 and the upper lap interface 14 'are complementary to each other to form an upper lap. This overlapping method can avoid the discontinuity of the load on the base and the plate when the conventional support structure passes through the seams of adjacent units in order to reduce the impact force and Extend the service life of seams. For the gradual section of the end of the grid beam, the angle arch design is adopted to strengthen the shear strength and avoid the failure of Mode-1 cracks.

Please refer to FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 together. The adjustable base 2 is supported below the support portions 13 and 13 ′ of the male unit 10 and the female unit 10 ′ of the cymbal block 1 to bear the cymbal block 1. Shear force transmitted by the male and female units 10, 10 'end joints. The adjustable base 2 includes a base 20 and a plurality of height adjusting devices 21. The plurality of height adjusting devices 21 are arranged on the base 20 using, for example, a three-point method or a four-point method. The elevation of the base 20 can be adjusted. The design of the reinforcing bars and prestressed tendons of the base 20 is shown in FIG. 7.

Each height adjusting device 21 includes an outer sleeve 211 and an inner screw 212. The outer sleeve 211 has an internal thread and is planted on a predetermined point of the base 20 when the base 20 is closed. The inner screw 212 It is screwed with the internal thread, and the elevation of the male unit 10 and the female unit 10 'of the cymbal block 1 can be adjusted indirectly through forward and reverse rotation of the internal screw 212. Preferably, the inner screw 212 is provided with, for example, a conventional polygonal force-applying portion, etc., of course, it is not limited to this.

The table-type foundation 3 is carried under the adjustable base 2. The table-type foundation 3 includes a bottom foundation plate 31 and a box-shaped wall body 32. The box-shaped wall body 32 is arranged above the base plate 31 and formed. The box-shaped wall body 32 has four side walls facing each other to form a receiving space corresponding to the four surroundings of the base 20 to isolate the roadbed soil and permeable granules and ensure that the base 20 can be lifted freely.

According to the invention, the base-level ingredient 4 comprises a water-permeable bottom Layer granules 41 and a base layer granules 42. Preferably, the permeable bottom granules 41 are mainly # 3/8 ~ 1 inch in diameter. Under heavy traffic conditions, the granules can be directly mixed with cement. Slurry to make permeable concrete to provide sufficient bearing capacity; preferably, the base material 42 is made of sand and gravel mixed with ingredients to keep the particle size between 4.75 and 19 mm, and is filled in the concrete plate 1 and Between the water-permeable bottom pellets 41 (as shown in Fig. 1).

Preferably, the thickness and Young's modulus of each layer of the water-permeable base layer used when the ground load pressure of heavy trucks and heavy tires is 9.1kg / cm ² are shown in the attached table 1. The actual pellets should reach the numerical range in the table after mixing The base layer granules can be made of permeable bricks or on-site paving construction, but they must meet the requirements of Schedule 1.

Please refer to FIG. 9 again. According to the plate support structure of the present invention, the finite element software SAP2000 is used to verify the distribution of the S33 stress under heavy load on the joints of the above-mentioned concrete plates, as shown in (a), (b), As shown in Figure (c), it is simulated and analyzed from the left of the joint, the center of the joint, and the right of the joint, and the stress distribution of the traditional joint S33 in Fig. 10 is compared, as shown in Fig. (A) and (b). As shown in Figure (c), in comparison, the vertical stress generated by the bearing surface under the joint of the structure of the invention (Invent joint) is significantly smaller than that of conventional ioint. As shown in FIG. 11, the analysis and comparison of the plate support structure of the present invention and the traditional seam structure are combined to prove that the present invention can effectively reduce the uneven impact caused by the surface seam. Strike at least 50%. In addition, the size of each unit of the structure is designed according to actual needs, and is not particularly limited.

Furthermore, in the implementation process of the aforementioned plate support structure of the present invention, building information modeling (BIM) software is used for planning and design, and the structural analysis software is connected for mechanical analysis and strength check, and then unit manufacturing and processes are performed. Schedule and quality inspection. Among them, the process is shown in Figure 12, including: (1) environmental analysis, (2) system design, (3) system manufacturing and construction process planning analysis, (4) unit manufacturing, (5) on-site construction, ( 6) On-site inspection and adjustment steps will be further explained below.

As shown in Figure 13, the detailed operation process of "Environmental Analysis" includes: investigation of drainage facilities, analysis of rainfall intensity, analysis of pavement runoff, analysis of infiltration rate and soil permeability coefficient, and analysis of rainwater storage capacity.

As shown in Figure 14, the detailed operation flow of the "system design" step includes: 3D modeling of BIM software, surface layer / block design, grille beam design, water-permeable base layer design, height-adjustable 預鑄 base design, and pre-design. Cast-in-place foundation design, and bench-type foundation construction. Among them, the ability of BIM software to connect 3D building models to various analysis tools can improve accuracy. The aforementioned components basically need to meet the following conditions: determining the design traffic (18kips ESAL), determining the pavement load, structural analysis, structural design, And design bending moment shear and torsion reinforcement.

As shown in Figure 15, the detailed operation flow of the "system manufacturing and construction process planning analysis" step includes: BIM-3D model files, various types of unit components and parts coding, component and parts conflict checking, and system material quantity list Export, system component diagram and spare parts diagram export, Analysis of unit price of each work item, and system cost evaluation analysis. Among them, the BIM-3D model file also includes: analysis of construction process planning, establishment of project operations, setting of operation types, setting of project productivity, setting of sequence relationship of each project operation, assignment of unit components and parts to each project operation 、 Analysis of work items and export schedules, and systematic export of construction plans.

In summary, the above pre-stressed structural units, including concrete blocks, adjustable bases, and desktop foundations, etc., are shipped to the road construction site for assembly after the concrete factory is completed, except that the foundation components need to be buried and cooperated on site. In addition to laying the permeable base layer 4 on-site, the remaining units can be hoisted and assembled in order. The operation is fast and not affected by rain, which can shorten a lot of construction time.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the representative description of the present invention, and are not limited to the details disclosed in the drawings and the description. For those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, there are still many changes, that is, without departing from the present invention. The equal changes and modifications within the scope of the patent application for invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

1‧‧‧ 預鑄 section

10‧‧‧ male unit

10’‧‧‧ mother unit

11‧‧‧ surface layer

110‧‧‧ permeable hole

12, 12’‧‧‧ grille bottom plate

13, 13’‧‧‧ support

2‧‧‧ adjustable base

3‧‧‧Desktop Foundation

31‧‧‧ Basic Edition

32‧‧‧box wall

4‧‧‧ base level ingredients

41‧‧‧ Pervious bottom pellets

42‧‧‧Grass

Claims (7)

A road rigid pavement block supporting structure includes: a slab block, an adjustable base, a table base, and a base-level ingredient; the slab block includes a male unit and a female unit, and each male unit and each The mother unit is composed of a reinforced concrete surface plate and a grid bottom plate, and a plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the surface plate section; the male unit and the mother unit each have two ends corresponding to each other. The adjustable interface includes a block and a plurality of lifting mechanisms, which are supported below the overlapping interface between the male unit and the female unit of the block. Each lifting mechanism consists of An outer sleeve and an inner screw are formed. The outer sleeve is embedded in the base plate and formed. The outer sleeve contains an internal thread to engage with the screw and can rise or fall with the rotation direction of the screw. The table base Containing a basic plate and a box-shaped wall body, the basic plate is carried under the adjustable base, the box-shaped wall is isolated from the outside of the adjustable base; and the base-level ingredients package A permeable bottom layer granule and a base layer granule. The permeable bottom layer granule mainly has a particle size of # 3/8 to 1 inch, and the granulated material is mixed with a cement slurry to fill the bottom layer below the concrete block; the The base layer granules are mixed with sand and gravel and mixed with ingredients to keep the particle size between 4.75 and 19 mm, and are filled between the concrete block and the permeable bottom granules. Support structure for road rigid pavement block as described in item 1 of patent application scope The grid bottom plate is composed of a plurality of longitudinal grid beams and a plurality of transverse grid beams, which intersect each other perpendicularly to form a grid structure, and a plurality of grid grooves are formed between the two corresponding to the plural number of the surface layer plate. Perforated holes. As described in item 2 of the scope of the patent application, the road rigid pavement block support structure, wherein each longitudinal grille beam of the plurality of longitudinal grille beams is provided with a plurality of lateral perforated holes communicating with the corresponding lattice grooves; and the plurality of lateral lattices Each horizontal grid beam of the grid beam is provided with a plurality of longitudinal water-permeable holes to communicate with the corresponding grid slot. The supporting structure of the rigid pavement block of the road as described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the grid bottom plate of the male unit and the female unit of the concrete block are respectively protruded downward to form a pair of support portions at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and An angular arched structure is formed between the two support portions. According to the support structure of the road rigid pavement block described in the second item of the scope of the patent application, the bottom plate of the grid of the public unit of the concrete block corresponds to a pair of protruding lower overlapping interfaces at the lower portions of the support portions at both ends; The bottom plate of the grid of the mother unit of the casting block corresponds to the formation of a pair of protruding upper lap interfaces on the upper portions of the support portions at both ends; the lower lap interface and the upper lap interface are complementary to each other to form a top lap together. The supporting structure of the road rigid paving block as described in item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the adjustable base is supported below the support part of the male and female units of the concrete block; the adjustable base is provided by a plurality of height adjusting devices. The elevations of the male and female units of this block can be adjusted up and down. Road rigid pavement block support structure as described in the patent application No. 6 The height adjustment device is arranged on the adjustable base using a 3-point method or a 4-point method. Each height adjustment device includes an outer sleeve and an inner screw. The outer sleeve has internal threads and is planted on the base. At a predetermined point of the seat, the internal screw is screwed with the internal thread, and the elevation of the base can be adjusted through forward and reverse rotation of the internal screw.