TW201716559A - Flame-retardant polymer material with reduced smoke generation and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The instant disclosure provides a flame-retardant polymer material with reduced smoke generation and a method of manufacturing the same. The flame-retardant polymer material with reduced smoke generation is made from a glue paste comprising 100 parts by weight of a main polymer component, 10 to 30 parts by weight of a flame retardant, 1 to 3 parts by weight of a vulcanizing agent, and 20 to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth. By using the diatomaceous earth as an absorbent, it is able to reduce the smoke and poisonous gases generated during the combustion of the flame-retardant polymer material, thereby increasing the visibility and possibility of rescue in the fire scenario.

Description

Flame retardant low-smoke rubber material and manufacturing method thereof

The invention relates to a flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material for connecting a shed cloth of a train or a bus, and a manufacturing method thereof.

The polymer material commonly known as plastic is the most widely used non-metallic material. There are many types of plastic materials and they are widely used in various fields of daily life. Therefore, in addition to the requirements of mechanical properties, the safety characteristics of flame retardant and fireproof plastic materials are also receiving increasing attention. In order to comply with safety regulations, products based on plastics, rubber and other adhesive materials must be designed with regard to flame retardancy. For example, trains or bus joints made of glue are considered to be required for flame retardancy, and flame retardants are generally added to suppress the spread of flame when the product is on fire.

According to the Fire Department of the Ministry of the Interior, the smoke and poison gas generated during the fire are the first two major factors that cause harm to humans. Tobacco is defined as "solid, liquid particles and gases that are released into the air when the material is burned or thermally decomposed". Smoke is an important product in the fire burning process. The visibility (Visibility) affected by the smoke concentration is whether the fire crew can escape from the fire, and whether the firefighters can find out the fire point and the factors that will extinguish the fire.

Generally, there are many kinds of thermal decomposition and combustion products of rubber materials, sometimes as many as 100 kinds. the above. However, gas products with specific toxic effects on human physiology are only a part of them. The toxic components of these gases can be basically divided into three categories:

1. Asphyxiating or comatogenic ingredients.

2. An irritating ingredient to the sensory or respiratory organs.

3. Other abnormal toxic ingredients.

In addition, for the rubber material formed by the polymer material, the smoke generated by the combustion is mostly black, which more seriously obscures the line of sight of the person in the fire field. For the above reasons, in many cases, the smoke generated in the fire often tends to be unbearable to an earlier temperature than the temperature. Therefore, in today's requirements for materials having a flame retardant effect, in addition to the self-extinguishing or flame-retarding properties achieved by the flame retardant, it is also desirable to reduce the smoke generated during combustion of the material. The ability to poison gas.

At present, the main flame retardant technology mainly uses two kinds of flame retardants, a halogenated system and a phosphorus-nitrogen system. The halogenated flame retardant has excellent flame retardant effect, but the product has a large amount of smoke when burned; while the product using the phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant has a low smoke generation, the flame retardant effect is not satisfactory. In other words, the flame retardant effect of the flame retardant is directly proportional to the amount of smoke generated, and the better the flame retardant effect, the more smoke is generated. In this way, when a commonly used halogen-based flame retardant, such as antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenylethane or chlorinated paraffin, an excellent flame retardant effect can be achieved, it may not be effective in reducing the occurrence of fire. The harm of the smoke.

In view of this, how to develop a rubber product with both flame retardancy and low smoke characteristics to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings has become one of the important issues to be solved by this business.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a rubber material having low smoke generation characteristics and a method for producing the rubber material under the premise of having flame retardancy in view of the deficiencies of the prior art. In particular, the above-mentioned flame-retardant low-smoke adhesive material can be applied to, for example, a train or a bus of a bus to connect a shed cloth.

In order to solve the above technical problem, one of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention is that, in addition to using a halogen-based flame retardant to achieve a flame retardant effect, a Diatomaceous earth is added for adsorbing plastic and rubber materials. Smoke and poison gas generated when burning. Diatomaceous earth is a natural granular material. Similar to glass, its main molecular structure is cerium oxide (SiO ₂ ). The diatomaceous earth has a porous property about 5000 times higher than that of charcoal - it has a pore of about 24.5 square meters per gram of area. Therefore, diatomaceous earth has excellent adsorption properties and is widely used in many industrial and residential applications. For example, diatomaceous earth has a moisture absorbing property, can be used as a desiccant in packaging, or can be used as a material for water filtration in a swimming pool filter.

Furthermore, the diatomaceous earth is added to a flame-retardant system using a flame retardant, and the adsorption property of the diatomaceous earth is excellent, so as to absorb the smoke and toxic gas generated when the rubber, the plastic, and the like are burned. Thereby, not only can the effective flame retardant effect be obtained by the flame retardant, but also the smoke generation amount of the flame retardant-containing rubber material can be reduced by the adsorption property of the diatomaceous earth, and the fire field at the time of fire occurrence can be improved. Visibility and the possibility of rescue and escape.

In order to achieve the above effects, an embodiment of the present invention provides a flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material which is made of a rubber compound, and the rubber compound comprises 100 parts by weight of a polymer main glue, 10 to 30 weights. A flame retardant, 1 to 3 parts by weight of a vulcanizing agent, and 20 to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material, comprising: kneading a rubber compound to form a kneaded product, wherein the rubber compound comprises: 100 parts by weight of a polymer main glue, 10 to 30 parts by weight of a flame retardant, 1 to 3 parts by weight of a vulcanizing agent and 20 to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth; calendering the kneaded product to form a film; and molding the film to form a flame retardant low hair Smoke rubber.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are that the flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the embodiments of the present invention can balance the flame retardancy and the low smoke generation property of the material, and the conventional use of the halogenated lanthanum system is eliminated. In the case of a flame retardant, it is necessary to sacrifice low-smoke characteristics, and it is necessary to sacrifice flame retardancy when using a phosphorus-nitrogen-based flame retardant.

For a better understanding of the features and technical aspects of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings.

S100, S102, S104‧‧‧ steps

1 is a flow chart showing a method of manufacturing a flame-retardant low-smoke filler material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The following is a specific embodiment to illustrate the embodiment of the present invention relating to "flame retardant low-smoke adhesive material and its manufacturing method", and those skilled in the art can understand the advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in the present specification. The present invention can be implemented or applied in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In addition, the drawings of the present invention are merely illustrative and are not described in terms of actual dimensions. The following embodiments will further explain the related technical content of the present invention, but the disclosure is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention.

First, referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant low-smoke adhesive material according to an embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the above figures, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a flame-retardant low-smoke adhesive tape, which may include the following steps:

The rubber compound is rubber-kneaded to form a kneaded product (S100), wherein the rubber compound comprises: 100 parts by weight of a polymer main glue, 10 to 30 parts by weight of a flame retardant, and 1 to 3 parts by weight of a vulcanization agent. And 20 to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth. For example, the main polymer glue includes natural rubber, styrene butyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, oil resistant rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, poly One of guanamine, polyester, epoxy resin and acryl, or a combination thereof. However, the polymer main gel used in the present invention is not limited thereto.

Further, the flame retardant may be a halogen-based flame retardant such as antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenylethane or chlorinated paraffin. Also, the kind of the flame retardant used in the present invention is not limited thereto. The vulcanizing agent in the compound may be selected according to the selected polymer main glue, and may be dibenzothiazyl disulfide (MBTS) or bis (pentamethylene sulfenyl) (DPTT), but not limited thereto. . The diatomaceous earth is used to absorb the smoke and poison gas generated when the flame retardant low-smoke rubber is burned. The main component of the diatomaceous earth is cerium oxide (SiO ₂ ), and the secondary component is usually aluminum. The diatomaceous earth is usually a soft white powder, so it can be suitably applied to a light-colored rubber product without affecting the appearance and color of the rubber product. The source of the diatomaceous earth used in the present invention is not limited thereto and may be any commercially available diatomaceous earth material.

In the rubber compound, the content of the flame retardant is 10 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 15 to 25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer main glue; and the content of the vulcanizing agent is 1 to 3 parts by weight. It is preferably from 1.5 to 2.5 parts by weight; and the diatomaceous earth is contained in an amount of from 20 to 100 parts by weight, preferably from 35 to 45 parts by weight. The content of each of the above ingredients can be adjusted depending on the requirements of the finished rubber product. However, when the content of the polymer main rubber, the flame retardant, the vulcanizing agent, and the diatomaceous earth is within the above range, a preferable flame retardant and low smoke generating effect can be obtained. For example, if the content of the flame retardant is too small, the desired flame retarding effect cannot be achieved; if the content of the flame retardant is too large, the strength of the material produced may be weakened. Similarly, if the content of the diatomaceous earth is too small, the desired low-smoke effect cannot be exhibited; and if the content of the diatomaceous earth is too large, the strength of the produced material may be weakened.

It is worth mentioning that the compound used for the kneading process may further comprise an auxiliary adsorbing material to assist the diatomaceous earth to adsorb smoke, particles or toxic substances generated when the rubber is burned. Therefore, the auxiliary adsorbent material is a porous material having a high specific surface area. The auxiliary adsorbent material may be one of zeolite, activated carbon and bamboo charcoal, or a combination thereof. The type of auxiliary adsorbent material is not limited here and can be selected depending on other components in the compound. Alternatively, the type of auxiliary adsorbent material may be selected depending on the characteristics or appearance of the resulting gel.

The above kneading procedure can be carried out using a kneading device well known in the art, for example, using a Banbury kneader for kneading at a temperature of 90 to 110 °C. After the kneading, the product of the size was cooled to room temperature and stored at room temperature for at least 12 hours to form a kneaded product.

Next, the kneaded material is calendered to form a film (S102). For example, the kneaded material obtained in the step S100 can be pressed out of the required thickness and width by a calender to form a film. In this step, a nylon cloth or other cloth material can be used as a carrier to receive the calendered film, which is taken up for use in the next step.

The equipment and operating temperatures used in the calendering step can be adjusted to the needs of the product. For example, the four wheel temperatures of the calender can be set to 90 ° C, 70 ° C, 75 ° C, and 65 ° C, respectively, and the bonding wheel pressure is set to 40 kg / cm 2 and the rolling speed is 11 meters / minute. However, the detailed parameters of the calendering step are not limited here.

Finally, the film is subjected to a molding process to form a flame-retardant low-smoke filler (S104). The film produced in the step S102 can be processed using different molding methods depending on the type of the polymer master glue. In detail, if a plastic material is selected as the polymer main glue, the film produced in the step S102 can be subjected to a curing molding process. If a rubber material is selected as the polymer main glue, the film produced in the step S102 can be subjected to sulfurization treatment.

For example, if a plastic material is selected as the polymer material, the film prepared in the step S102 can be cured by illumination or heating. On the other hand, if a rubber material is selected as the polymer main glue, the film prepared in the step S102 can be used at a temperature of about 160 ° C and a pressure of about 80 kg / cm 2 by a drum type continuous vulcanizer. Perform sulfurization treatment. The vulcanization time can be about 15 minutes. After the molding treatment, the flame-retardant low-smoke filler of the present invention can be obtained.

The invention further provides a flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material, which is made of a rubber compound, the rubber compound comprises: 100 parts by weight of a polymer main glue, 10 to 30 parts by weight of a flame retardant, 1 to 3 A part by weight of a vulcanizing agent, and 20 to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth, which is used for absorbing smoke and toxic gas generated when the flame retardant low-smoke rubber is burned.

In the flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material provided by the present invention, the selection of the components in the rubber compound and the manufacturing method of the flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material are as described in the foregoing description, and thus the description thereof will not be repeated.

[Effective effect of the embodiment]

In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention may be in the embodiments of the present invention. The flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material and the method for producing the same can be provided by using diatomaceous earth as an adsorption material, thereby providing a rubber material having low smoke generation characteristics on the premise of having excellent flame retardancy. In this way, the smoke and poison gas generated by the flame retardant low-smoke rubber material can be effectively reduced, thereby improving the visibility of the fire field and the possibility of escape and rescue.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent technical changes made by using the present specification and the contents of the drawings are included in the protection scope of the present invention. .

S100, S102, S104‧‧‧ steps

Claims (10)

A flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material, which is made of a rubber compound, comprising: 100 parts by weight of a polymer main glue; 10 to 30 parts by weight of a flame retardant; and 1 to 3 parts by weight a vulcanizing agent; and 20 to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth. The flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material according to claim 1, wherein the polymer main glue comprises natural rubber, styrene butyl rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber, One of oil resistant rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyester, epoxy resin and acrylic, or a combination thereof. The flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material according to claim 1, wherein the polymer main glue comprises chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber. The flame-retardant low-smoke filler material according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant is a halogen-based flame retardant. The flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material according to claim 4, wherein the halogen-based flame retardant comprises one of antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenylethane and chlorinated paraffin, or a combination thereof . The flame-retardant low-smoke filler material according to claim 1, wherein the rubber compound further comprises an auxiliary adsorbent material. The flame-retardant low-smoke filler material according to claim 6, wherein the auxiliary adsorbent material is one of zeolite, activated carbon and bamboo charcoal, or a combination thereof. A method for manufacturing a flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material, comprising: kneading a rubber compound to form a kneaded product, wherein the rubber compound comprises: 100 parts by weight of a polymer main glue, and 10 to 30 parts by weight of one a flame retardant, 1 to 3 parts by weight of a vulcanizing agent, and 20 to 100 parts by weight of diatomaceous earth; calendering the kneaded product to form a film; and molding the film to form the flame retardant low-smoke gum material. The method for producing a flame-retardant low-smoke rubber material according to claim 8, wherein the polymer main glue comprises natural rubber, styrene butyl rubber, chlorosulfonated rubber, chloroprene rubber, butyl rubber A combination of oil resistant glue, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, polyester, epoxy, and acryl, or combinations thereof. The method for producing a flame-retardant low-smoke filler material according to claim 8, wherein the molding treatment comprises a sulfurization treatment or a curing treatment.