TW201638498A - CVT gearbox having improved controllability - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a CVT gearbox, comprising a conical disc pair (2) having a stationary conical disc (20) and an axially moveable conical disc (21), at least one centrifugal force element (3) that is moveably arranged in the axially moveable conical disc (21), a support element (4) which is arranged on the axially moveable conical disc (21) and which is connected to a crankshaft (11), wherein the centrifugal force element (3) is arranged between the support element (4) and a rear wall (22) of the axially moveable conical disc (21), and axially displaceable inner sleeve (53) that is connected to the axially moveable conical disc (21), a positioning device (5) for adjusting a position of the axially moveable conical disc (21), wherein the positioning device (5) is connected to the inner sleeve (53), and a control unit (6) that is designed to actuate the positioning device (5) in order to displace the moveable conical disc (21) in the axial direction (X-X) by means of the inner sleeve (53), in order to achieve a transmission change at the conical disc pair (2).

Description

CVT-transmission with improved controllability

The present invention relates to a CVT-transmission (a steplessly adjustable transmission) having significantly improved controllability and adjustability.

The prior art discloses different designs of CVT-transmissions. With a continuously variable transmission, a suitable gear ratio can be achieved in the vehicle compared to a transmission with a fixed gear. A particular field of application for such CVT-transmissions is small vehicles such as two-wheelers, tricycles, so-called spurs, snowmobiles, quads or scooters. In the case of such a CVT-transmission, a centrifugal force regulator is typically used to adjust the position of the belt on the pair of tapered washers. In this case, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal force adjuster moves its radial position according to the rotational speed, thereby changing the axial distance between the two tapered washers, thereby changing the transmission of the transmission. A disadvantage of such a device is that it is not possible to have a controllable or adjustable intervention of the transmission of the CVT-transmission. Therefore, the prior art CVT-transmission with a centrifugal force regulator is typically not operated at the optimum point, thus increasing fuel consumption and/or emissions of the vehicle. In view of this, it is advantageous to utilize this potential when using a centrifugally regulated CVT-transmission to reduce fuel and reduce emissions. In addition, in terms of vehicle dynamics, there is no optimal design for centrifugal force-regulated CVT-transmissions. Especially when the vehicle accelerates from a standstill and accelerates during the running of the vehicle (such as the elasticity from the first speed to the second speed), the centrifugal force-regulated CVT-transmission There is still room for improvement in the non-optimal gear ratio of the device.

The advantage of the CVT-transmission device of the present invention having the features of claim 1 is that the emission characteristics and fuel consumption of the vehicle can be effectively improved. In addition, the driving performance is also significantly improved, in particular in terms of acceleration from the standstill and in terms of the acceleration of the vehicle during driving. According to the invention, this is achieved by operating the CVT-transmission in an optimized position. According to the invention, the CVT-transmission device here comprises a pair of tapered washers with fixed-point tapered washers and axially movable tapered washers and at least one centrifugal force element which is movably arranged along the path The arrangement is on the axially movable conical spacer. There is also a support element disposed on the axially movable conical pad and coupled to the crankshaft. The centrifugal force element is disposed between the support element and a rear wall of the axially movable tapered gasket. Furthermore, according to the invention, an axially movable inner sleeve connected to the axially movable conical spacer is arranged. An adjustment device is provided that is coupled to the inner sleeve for adjusting the position of the axially movable tapered gasket. A control unit is provided which is adapted to manipulate the adjustment device in a manner to move the inner sleeve axially to effect a transmission change on the pair of tapered washers. According to the invention, a targeted intervention of the centrifugally actuated CVT-actuator can be effected via the control unit in order to operate the CVT-actuator at an optimum operating point.

The dependent items show a preferred refinement of the invention.

The adjustment device preferably includes an actuator, in particular an electric motor, and a spindle drive. The spindle drive mechanism is adapted to translate the rotation of the actuator into an axial motion that can then be used to axially move the movable tapered washer.

In order to provide a space-saving and compact structure as possible, the inner sleeve preferably runs through The tapered gasket is fixed at this position.

Further preferably, the CVT-transmission device includes an outer sleeve disposed between the spindle drive mechanism and the inner sleeve. In this case, the axial movement of the spindle drive is transmitted through the outer sleeve to the inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is preferably coupled to the spindle drive through a rod. In particular, the side arrangement of the spindle drive and/or the remaining components of the adjustment device, in particular the actuator, can be achieved in this way.

To prevent the outer sleeve from rotating with the inner sleeve, a radial bearing is preferably disposed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. This radial bearing interruption transmits the motor speed to the adjustment device. The radial bearing is also adapted to transmit a force in the axial direction to adjust the axially movable tapered gasket.

In order to avoid damage and to improve stability, a bending arm for supporting the spindle transmission mechanism is preferably provided. More preferably, the rod between the spindle drive mechanism and the outer sleeve is constructed in such a way that the rod has an eye through which the support cylinder of the bending arm extends. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly stable arrangement.

Further preferably, the CVT-transmission device includes an adjustment transmission disposed between the actuator and the spindle transmission. In this way, the rotational speed of the actuator can be adjusted accordingly.

Furthermore, in order to achieve a particularly compact construction, the support element is directly connected to the crankshaft. The support element preferably has a sleeve region that is fixed to the crankshaft.

The support element preferably includes a contact surface for tapping one end of the contact with the centrifugal force element. The tapered contact surface of one of the support members is preferably a tapered construction. Therefore, when increasing the rotational speed of the support member, increasing the acting on the centrifugal force component The centrifugal force causes the centrifugal force elements to move radially outward. In this case, the centrifugal force elements extend over the tapered contact surface of the one end, thereby also creating a moving assembly for axial movement of the movable tapered washer in the axial direction.

Further preferably, the driven shaft of the actuator of the adjusting device is arranged perpendicular to the crankshaft. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly compact construction.

The control unit is preferably adapted to control the adjustment device based on characteristic parameters of the drive motor. Preferably, the rotational speed of the drive motor and/or the torque of the drive motor or other parameters (such as temperature, air pressure) are used as characteristic parameters of the drive motor. The characteristic parameters for controlling the adjustment device can be detected directly on the drive motor or on a component connected to the drive motor. The drive motor is preferably an internal combustion engine.

Further preferably, the control unit is adapted to control the adjustment device based on a driving mode selected by the driver. For example, a preset transmission setting value used by the adjustment device in a corresponding selected driving mode (such as a sport mode or a fuel economy mode or the like) may be stored.

Further preferably, the crankshaft passes through the pair of tapered washers. In this way, a particularly compact construction of the CVT-actuator can be achieved, in particular a particularly compact construction of the unit comprising the CVT-actuator and the drive motor.

Further preferably, the positionally fixed tapered washer is directly coupled to the crankshaft such that in the axial direction of the crankshaft, only minimal structural space is required for the CVT-transmission.

The invention also relates to a vehicle comprising a CVT-transmission of the invention. The vehicle is preferably a small vehicle, in particular a two- or three-wheeled or snowmobile or a Quad or scooter or the like.

Further preferably, the actuator is disposed on the housing of the CVT-transmission on. In this case, the driven shaft of the actuator preferably projects into the interior of the housing, and the intermediate transmission for adjusting the support wall is preferably arranged inside the housing.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1‧‧‧CVT-transmission

2‧‧‧Conical gasket pair

3‧‧‧ centrifugal force components

4‧‧‧Support components

5‧‧‧Adjustment device

6‧‧‧Control unit

7‧‧‧Spindle drive mechanism

8‧‧‧ rods

9‧‧‧ bending arm

10‧‧‧Drive motor

11‧‧‧ crankshaft

12‧‧‧Inclusive components

13‧‧‧ driven components

14‧‧‧Shell

20‧‧‧Cone gasket

21‧‧‧Conical gasket

22‧‧‧ Back wall

40‧‧‧Contact surface

41‧‧‧Sleeve area

50‧‧‧Executive agency

51‧‧‧ driven shaft

52‧‧‧Adjustment of the transmission

53‧‧‧Inner sleeve

54‧‧‧Outer sleeve

55‧‧‧ radial bearing

71‧‧‧First bearing

72‧‧‧second bearing

80‧‧‧ Eyes

81‧‧‧ nuts

90‧‧‧Support column

A‧‧‧Two-way arrow

B‧‧‧Two-way arrow

C‧‧‧Two-way arrow

X-X‧‧‧ axial

1 is a side elevational view of a CVT-transmission device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the CVT-transmission device of FIG. 1.

The CVT-transmission device 1 of the first embodiment, that is, the continuously adjustable continuously variable transmission, will be described in detail below with reference to Figs.

As shown in FIG. 1, the CVT-transmission device 1 includes a tapered gasket pair 2 having a fixed tapered washer 20 and an axially movable tapered washer 21.

A fixed-point tapered washer 20 is fixed to the crankshaft 11. As shown in Fig. 1, the crankshaft 11 is coupled to a drive motor 10, particularly an internal combustion engine.

The CVT-transmission 1 is a centrifugal-forced transmission and comprises a plurality of centrifugal force elements 3 arranged on an axially movable conical spacer 21. In this embodiment, the centrifugal force elements are spheres. As an alternative, a cylinder with a central perforation can also be used.

Furthermore, the CVT-transmission 1 comprises a support element 4 arranged on an axially movable conical spacer 21. The axial position of the axially movable conical spacer 21 in the axial direction X-X is determined by the radial position of the centrifugal force element 3.

According to the invention, in order to adjust the centrifugal force elements, an adjustment device 5 is provided which is connected to the control unit 6. The adjusting device 5 includes an actuator 50, a driven shaft 51 of the actuator And adjusting the transmission 52. The adjustment transmission 52 includes at least one pinion or turbine drive and is disposed between the actuator 50 and the spindle drive 7. The spindle drive mechanism 7 is supported on the first bearing 71 and the second bearing 72 and meshes with the adjustment transmission 52. In this case, the driven shaft 51 is rotatable in the axial direction of the rod 8 disposed through the nut 81.

The support element 4 comprises a contact surface 40 which is tapered at one end and which comes into contact with the centrifugal force element 3. The support element 4 also comprises a cylindrical sleeve region 41 on which the inner sleeve 53 is slidably arranged. The inner sleeve 53 is fixedly connected to the axially movable conical spacer 21.

As shown in FIG. 1, the inner sleeve 53 extends through the positionally fixed tapered gasket 20 and is partially surrounded by the outer sleeve 54. The outer sleeve 54 is supported on the inner sleeve 53 by a radial bearing 55 disposed between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve. The radial bearing 55 interrupts the transmission of the rotation of the crankshaft 11 to the adjustment device 5. The outer sleeve 54 is connected to a rod 8, which is connected to a nut 81 of the spindle drive 7. In this case, the radial bearing 55 is designed in such a way that an axial force can also be transmitted in the axial direction X-X.

Actuator 50 is preferably an electric motor. As an alternative, the adjustment device 5 comprises a pneumatic adjustment mechanism or a hydraulic adjustment mechanism or an electromagnetic adjustment mechanism.

A containment member 12, such as a conveyor belt, is disposed between the two tapered gaskets 20,21. The containment member 12 is coupled to the driven member 13, preferably also to the tapered gasket pair. The driven element 13 can, for example, also be a directly driven wheel or the like.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the centrifugal force adjustment can be improved by the centrifugal force element 3 being transmitted through the manipulation adjusting device 5. The actuator 50 is connected to the control unit 6. In this case, the movable tapered washer 21 is axially adjusted by the steering actuator 50. The rotation of the actuator is transmitted to the spindle drive mechanism 7, which transmits the axial movement to the rod through the nut 81 Item 8. This point is shown in Figure 1 by the double arrow A. The rod 8 is fixedly coupled to the outer sleeve 54, so that this axial movement is transmitted through the radial bearing 55 to the inner sleeve 53. This axial movement (two-way arrow B) is transmitted from the inner sleeve 53 through an axially movable conical spacer 21 fixedly coupled to the inner sleeve 53. Thereby, the distance between the two tapered spacers of the tapered gasket pair 2 is changed, thereby changing the position of the containing member 12 between the two tapered spacers, thereby changing the transmission. This enables a stepless change in the gear ratio.

Preferably no self-locking means is provided between the nut 81 and the main axis.

In order to protect the spindle drive mechanism 7 from the bending load, a bending moment arm 9 is preferably provided (see Fig. 2). The bending arm 9 includes a support cylinder 90 that is fixedly coupled to the rod member 8, preferably welded. This allows the bending moment to be transmitted to the housing 14.

Alternatively, a self-locking device can be placed between the nut 81 and the threaded spindle, but the actuator 50 must be energized each time it is adjusted to cause axial movement of the axially movable tapered washer 21. mobile.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the centrifugal force regulating type CVT-transmission device in the true sense is employed, the active transmission adjustment can be performed through the adjusting device 5.

According to the present invention, optimized transmission of the transmission can be achieved based on characteristic parameters such as the rotational speed and/or torque of the drive motor 10. In this case, the transmission can be selected in view of consumption optimization or emission optimization or vehicle acceleration optimization. It is also possible to select any combination of outputs to be optimized and adjust the corresponding optimum transmission of the CVT-transmission accordingly.

Thus, the spindle drive mechanism 7 can be rotated by the actuating actuator 50 such that the nut 81 can be moved axially together with the lever member 8, as indicated by the double arrow A in FIG. The rod 8 is fixedly coupled to the outer sleeve 54, so that the axial movement is transmitted through the radial bearing 55 to the inner sleeve 53 and from the inner sleeve 53 to the axially movable conical spacer 21. As shown by the double arrow B in Fig. 1, this allows the axially movable tapered spacer 21 to move in the axial direction X-X. Thereby, the containment member 12 is adjusted in the radial direction (the double-headed arrow C in Fig. 1).

Experiments on the CVT-transmission device 1 of the present invention have shown that 10% fuel consumption can be saved compared to a normal centrifugal-forced CVT-transmission device, and an acceleration of 0 to 60 km/h can be increased by 17%, and 20 The elasticity of acceleration up to 50 km/h is increased by 19%. The CVT-transmission device of the present invention requires a slightly larger mechanical and electrical structure due to the adjustment device, but the structure can be more greatly compensated by the improvements and savings described above.

1‧‧‧CVT-transmission

2‧‧‧Conical gasket pair

3‧‧‧ centrifugal force components

4‧‧‧Support components

5‧‧‧Adjustment device

6‧‧‧Control unit

7‧‧‧Spindle drive mechanism

8‧‧‧ rods

10‧‧‧Drive motor

11‧‧‧ crankshaft

12‧‧‧Inclusive components

13‧‧‧ driven components

14‧‧‧Shell

20‧‧‧Cone gasket

21‧‧‧Conical gasket

22‧‧‧ Back wall

40‧‧‧Contact surface

41‧‧‧Sleeve area

50‧‧‧Executive agency

51‧‧‧ driven shaft

53‧‧‧Inner sleeve

54‧‧‧Outer sleeve

55‧‧‧ radial bearing

71‧‧‧First bearing

81‧‧‧ nuts

A‧‧‧Two-way arrow

B‧‧‧Two-way arrow

C‧‧‧Two-way arrow

X-X‧‧‧ axial

Claims (14)

A CVT-transmission device comprising: a conical gasket pair (2) having a fixed tapered washer (20) and an axially movable tapered washer (21), at least one centrifugal force element (3), It is arranged in a movable manner on the axially movable conical spacer (21), a support element arranged on the axially movable conical spacer (21) and connected to the crankshaft (11) ( 4) wherein the centrifugal force element (3) is disposed between the support element (4) and the rear wall (22) of the axially movable conical spacer (21), and the axially movable conical An axially movable inner sleeve (53) coupled to the gasket (21) for adjusting the position of the axially movable tapered gasket (21), wherein the adjustment device (5) Connected to the inner sleeve (53), and a control unit (6) adapted to operate the adjustment device (5) to move the movable body in the axial direction (XX) by the inner sleeve (53) Conical gasket (21) to achieve drive change on the tapered gasket pair (2). The transmission device of claim 1 is characterized in that the adjustment device (5) comprises an actuator (50) and a spindle transmission mechanism (7), wherein the spindle transmission mechanism (7) the actuator (5) The rotation is converted into an axial movement. A transmission according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner sleeve (53) extends through the fixed tapered washer (20). A transmission device according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising a spindle drive An outer sleeve (54) between the mechanism (7) and the inner sleeve (53). A transmission according to claim 4, characterized in that the outer sleeve (54) is connected to the spindle drive (7) via a rod (8). A transmission device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that a radial bearing (55) is arranged between the inner sleeve (53) and the outer sleeve (54), wherein the radial bearing ( 55) Suitable for transmitting forces in the axial direction (XX). A transmission according to any of the preceding claims, further comprising a bending arm (9) for supporting the spindle transmission (7). A transmission device according to claim 7 is characterized in that the rod member (8) has an eye portion (80) through which the support cylinder (90) of the bending moment arm (9) penetrates. A transmission as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, further comprising an adjustment transmission (52) disposed between the actuator (50) and the spindle transmission (7). A transmission according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element (4) is directly connected to the crankshaft (11). A transmission device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (6) is adapted to control based on characteristic parameters of the drive motor (10), in particular the rotational speed and/or torque of the drive motor The adjustment device (5). A transmission according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control unit (6) is adapted to control the adjustment device (5) based on a driving mode selected by the driver. A vehicle comprising a transmission as claimed in any of the preceding claims. A vehicle according to claim 13 is characterized in that the vehicle is a small vehicle, in particular a two-wheeled or tricycle or a snowmobile or a Quad or the like.