TW201636110A - Long distance electrostatic spraying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a long distance electrostatic spraying device that sprays a chemical liquid made by mixing agricultural chemicals, fertilizer, herbicides and the like with water to a long distance onto farm plants. According to the present invention, the sprayed particles are charged negatively by means of a DC high voltage charge ring, thus increasing the attaching force of the sprayed particles to positively (+) charged rice leaves coated with wax, and the chemical liquid, which has a water pressure of 16 kgf/cm2 so as to induce the sizes of the sprayed particles in the range of 0.1 to 0.44 mm, is sprayed over the diameter range of 101 m, so that since the chemical liquid can be sprayed on an agricultural road or ridge between rice paddies, a worker does not enter the rice paddy and have any poisoning by the chemical liquid, thus achieving high quality rice production and maximum production quantities.

Description

Long distance electrostatic spray device

The invention relates to a long-distance electrostatic spraying device capable of spraying agricultural chemicals from agricultural roads or fields in rice fields for a long distance of 51 m in an easy and rapid manner without causing agrochemicals. Poisoning, the long-range spraying device is capable of spraying negatively charged particles through a positively charged DC DC high voltage charge ring to increase the adhesion of the spray particles to the rice leaves positively charged by waxing, and the long distance spraying The unit is capable of spraying particles ranging in size from 0.1 mm to 0.44 mm, enabling high quality rice production and maximum throughput.

The electric sprayer generally used in the conventional practice is provided with a hose having a length of 200 m and a weight of 83 kg, and is in a hot and harsh working environment in which the worker holds the nozzle with his or her hand. And dragging the heavy hose, whereby he or she performs a spraying operation, so that he or she absorbs the agrochemical sprayed from the sprinkler while moving the space between the rice bunches. Therefore, in order to carry out the spraying operation, a strong physical strength is required, and from the reality of the old rural area, the conventional agrochemical spraying operation requires heavy work at a high temperature. In addition, the absorption of agrochemicals causes severe poisoning, so new sprinklers should be introduced.

The charge ring used in a conventional electric sprayer takes the shape of a substantially ring having an outer diameter of 14 mm to 25 mm and a thickness of 0.25 mm, which is electrostatic only for water droplets. Induction, with a blower with a spray distance of 5 m and with a 25 W electrostatic generator. On the other hand, the charge ring used in the present invention adopts a corn shape having an inlet diameter of 120 mm, an exit diameter of 280 mm, a length of 1500 mm, and a thickness of 0.6 mm, electrostatically sensing water droplets, water flow, and water column, and having electrostatic spraying of 50 m. Distance and has an electrostatic generator of 6,000W. Thus, the adhesion rate of the fine particles in the spraying distance of 41 m or less is 5 times higher than that of the conventional spraying distance of 6 m, and the adhesion rate in the spraying distance of 41 m to 50 m is more than the conventional spraying at 6 m. The adhesion rate of the fine particles in the distance is three times higher.

The waxed rice leaves are electrostatically induced to be positively charged by a negatively charged cloud of 30 kv to 1 billion volts in the air of 2 km to 8 km.

The positive ions in the air are 1.2 times larger than the negative ions.

If the spraying distance is 50 m or more, there is no electrostatic spraying effect due to the humidity of 60% or more and the neutralization and discharge of positive ions 1.2 times larger than the negative ions. Negative charge and surfactant films are only present on the surface of the water droplets.

The higher the DC voltage, the greater the amount of charge. The higher the pulse frequency, the greater the amount of charge. In addition, the larger the length or area of the charge ring, the larger the amount of charge. Moreover, the smaller the gap between the water stream or the water droplet and the charge ring, the larger the amount of charge. Water has a dielectric constant of 80.4, and benzene has a dielectric constant of 2.28, so the larger the amount of water diluted, the larger the amount of charge.

Agrochemical companies allow mixing and spraying of four types of agrochemicals, but because the viscosity of the spray particles becomes higher due to excessively added surfactants, which increases frictional losses with the hose and is enlarged due to reduced water pressure The particle size is sprayed, so the amount of water diluted should be increased by a factor of two to three. If an agrochemical is sprayed, the surface tension of the surfactant is about 27 dynes/cm, and even if four agrochemicals are mixed and sprayed, the surfactant The surface tension is also about 27 dynes/cm. If it is desired to increase the amount of diluted water, a surfactant spreader is added.

Prior to the harvest season, the maximum amount of agrochemicals attached to rice leaves was approximately 50 times relative to 160 L per 10a. Water spray technology was developed in Southen Cross, Australia, and Naan (Einstein, 50m spray distance) in Israel.

Asian sprayers have spray particle sizes ranging from 0.1 mm to 0.44 mm, which is similar to powdered sugar, and rice agrochemical ingredients have more than 84% surfactant.

The amount of diluted water increases according to the concentration of the surfactant, and when the agrochemicals are saturated on the surface of the rice leaves, they fall to the ground, so the agricultural chemicals are repeatedly sprayed before drying. That is, the first spraying is completed, and after the spray particles are dried, the second spraying is repeated thereon. In this case, two nozzles are connected to each other on the field between the agricultural road and the paddy field to spray a certain amount of agrochemicals equally, and beginners should use water to practice spraying.

As shown in Fig. 3, more than 60% of the rice field strips have a long side of 100 m and a short side of 30 m. If the short side is larger than 40 m, the amount of product produced is reduced due to poor water discharge on the short side. . In addition, it is difficult to work with a combine harvester, so the strip of the rice field desirably has a short side of 30 m.

According to the invention, the maximum water pressure of the pump is 36 kgf/cm ² and the normal water pressure of the pump is 20 kgf/cm ² . The water pressure of the nozzle was 16 kgf/cm ² . If the spray distance is 51 m, the inner diameter of the nozzle spray outlet is 20.3 mm, the power of the nozzle spray outlet is 55 kW (73.76 HP), and the flow rate of the nozzle spray outlet is 733 L/min. The inner diameter of the vinyl chloride resin is a high pressure hose 65mm, weight 65m hose is 35kg, 65m frictional losses hydraulic hoses 1.6kgf / cm ^2, high-pressure hoses normal pressure 18kgf / cm ^2, and The bursting pressure was 38 kgf/cm ² .

If the spraying distance is 18 m, the inner diameter of the nozzle spray outlet is 5 mm, and the flow rate of the nozzle spray outlet is 90 L/min.

If the agrochemical is sprayed from the field between the rice fields by a distance of 51 m, the spray reaction force is 94 kg, and thus, the nozzle is fitted on the nozzle support rod having an inner diameter of 80 mm and a thickness of 1.5 mm and Made of steel pipe of 1.7m length. In this case, the nozzle support rod is vertically fixed to the ground up to 0.7 m and assembled to the nozzle.

According to the present invention, the spraying capacity per day is 50 ha, and the spraying speed is 32 times faster than the conventional spraying speed. The spraying time per 6,000 m ² is two minutes and six seconds, and the round-trip time for nozzle movement is 2 minutes, so the total time of the spraying operation is four minutes and six seconds. The number of sprays is 28 to 51 times. In the case of a conventional spray distance is sprayed under 6m per 6,000m ² spraying time was 48 minutes, 72 minutes time organization hose, spraying times of 2 to 3 times.

In addition, the present invention is required for rice production of 4.6 billion people in 120 countries in Asia, and the maximum amount of agrochemicals attached to rice leaves before the season of harvest is higher than 160L per 10a in conventional spraying methods. Times. In addition, if a surfactant diffusing agent is added, the amount of water for diluting the agrochemical can be increased.

Further, the present invention employs dense rice planting with less seedlings, thereby increasing rice yield by 10% or more, and reducing rice production cost by 10% or more. In the case of dense rice planting with fewer seedlings, the rice is planted intensively, thus reducing the amount of agrochemicals that fall to the ground.

In South Korea, if the rice production increases by 6%, it is necessary to increase the area of rice fields corresponding to the area of Seoul (605.5km ² ) or 1.5 million of the Xinwanjin Reclamation Area (401km ² ), and supply food for 6 million people. .

(traditional technology in the technical field of the present invention)

If the agrochemical is sprayed with a 50m gun nozzle (in a dense rice planting with less seedlings), the rice yield is increased by 46.86%. Conversely, if a conventional spray (WMD) with a 6m spray distance is used, the rice yield is Increased by 36.86%.

First, if spraying with a conventional rotary tiller sprayer, the spray distance is 6m, the spray flow rate is 20L/min, the hose inner diameter is 13.5mm, the hose outer diameter is 20.6mm, the hose length is 200m, the hose The moving weight is 83kg, the power is 10HP, the nozzle's level reaction force is 4kg, the sprayer's initial water pressure is 21 to 25kgf/cm ² , the 200m hose has a friction loss of 12kgf/cm ² , and the nozzle water pressure is 9kgf. /cm ² to 13 kgf/cm ² .

In the case of a conventional sprinkler, the water flow cross section of the high pressure rubber hose is relatively small in order to reduce the weight and cost of the hose, thus increasing the friction loss head of the hose, which is undesirable. The pressure transmission of the particles deteriorates.

In addition, in the case of a conventional sprinkler, if the hose is twisted or the hose is pulled, the water pressure of the nozzle is lowered. Moreover, the hose may be entangled with the rice bundle, thus further requiring hose tissue time and, after completion of the work, hose drag time.

In the case of a conventional sprinkler, a heavy hose with a length of 200 m and a weight of 83 kg should move in a zigzag shape between the rice bundles in a hot and harsh working environment, so that a large amount of agrochemicals are adsorbed to the worker's lungs. This causes the worker to die or suffer from complications. In addition, the spraying operation cannot be performed for more than two hours, and the worker's foot may be injured by nails or broken glass pieces. Rice yield declines due to damage to rice roots or stems.

The rotary tiller causes local road traffic congestion, and the rotary tiller does not have any taillights, thus causing Traffic accident.

Second, in the case of a blower type sprayer, when the agrochemical is sprayed to 50 m or more, the surfactant film evaporates, making it difficult to attach the agrochemical to the rice leaf. Since the surfactant film evaporates and is reduced to a diameter of 0.1 mm or less, Brownian motion is generated by collision with gas molecules of 500 m/s. Thus, since the reciprocating motion of the gas molecules of 500 m/s generates a reaction force from the gap between the water droplets and the rice leaves, it is difficult to attach the agrochemical to the rice leaves. Water droplets having a temperature of 0 ° C due to cold wind have a surface tension of 75.7 dynes/cm. If the agrochemical liquid is sprayed down at a distance of 8° in a plane for a distance of up to 40 m, the agrochemical liquid is reflected on the rice field and rises to an angle of 8°. If the agrochemical liquid is sprayed over a distance of 60 m, the agrochemical liquid completely evaporates without adhering to the rice leaf, and thus does not have any agrochemical effect. If the evaporation time of the agrochemical liquid is long, the breathing holes of the rice leaves are blocked, causing the rice to dry up and die. If the diameter of the water droplet is 0.05 mm, the drop speed of the water drop is 72 mm/sec, and if the diameter of the water drop is 0.02 mm, the drop speed of the water drop is 12 mm/sec.

At a distance of 30 times the exit diameter, the wind speed is reduced to 10% with respect to the exit wind speed. Thus, if the outlet diameter is 1.5 m and the exit wind speed is 140 km/hr, the wind speed is 14 km/hr at a distance of 45 m.

Water droplets having a diameter of 0.2 mm or less were dropped at an ultimate speed of 140 m so that they evaporated and disappeared. Therefore, on meteorological maps, they are not marked as rain on international symbols, but as clouds.

Air blower sprayers are used to kill malaria vector mosquitoes, and the price of a blower sprayer is 200 million won.

Third, in the case of aerial sprayers, rice yield is reduced by 18.27% compared to conventional spray methods with a spray distance of 6 m, and if the height of the air sprayer is 5 m, the attachment rate of agrochemicals to rice leaves is 68. %. If the height of the aerial sprayer is 8m, the adhesion rate of agrochemicals to rice leaves is reduced to 45%.

In this case, there are various obstacles, such as serious irregularities in agricultural land, utility poles with a height of 10m to 17m, high-voltage wires, communication wires, houses, street trees, greenhouses, power line towers, etc., and air sprayers. The price of its maintenance is relatively expensive. In addition, the aircraft may fall and it is difficult to drive.

Fourth, the speed of the downstream airflow of the unmanned helicopter is 47 km/h (13 m/s) at a flight altitude of 3 m to 4 m. Since the downward flow containing the agrochemical liquid is reflected back into the air at an angle of 60°, the loss of the agrochemical liquid becomes large. Therefore, the downward flow causes the agrochemical particles to be forced down from the waxed rice leaves to the bottom of the paddy field, making the agrochemical particles unable to adhere to the rice leaves, thus being undesirably compared with conventional spraying at a distance of 6 m. This led to a 50% drop in rice production.

In addition, it is difficult to spray agrochemicals equally, and a large amount of agricultural chemicals are not placed on the helicopter, and spraying is not performed over a relatively wide range. Due to various reasons such as strong winds, turbulent air, downdrafts, headwinds, grooves, wires, etc., an emergency may occur, resulting in personal injury. In addition, the price of an aerial sprayer is 200 million won, resulting in high economic losses.

If 160 L of agrochemical liquid is sprayed per 10a, the rice yield is the largest, but since the load capacity of the aerial sprayer is only 21 kg, the rice yield is reduced.

Usually, in a field (100m × 30m) where aircraft is sprayed, there is a height of 10m to 17m poles and two rows to three rows of street trees. In addition, there are wires and telephone lines in the field that are irregularly connected to each other like spider webs, as well as many houses and greenhouses.

Fifth, there is a self-pushing chemical applicator having a linear porous nozzle extending from both sides thereof and having a length of 8 m. When the self-propelled chemical applicator is rotated in a rice field, the rice plant may Was flipped. Thus, self-propelled chemical applicators are typically used in field crops.

The liquid fertilizer sprayer is suitable for spraying livestock manure with a distance of 50 m.

Sixth, agrochemicals in the form of granules and powders are not absorbed by the roots of rice and thus have very low systemic effects and surface dispersion effects, and these effects are lower than those of agricultural chemicals mixed with water. However, the price of agrochemicals in the form of granules and powder is 3.2 times more expensive than the price of sprayed agrochemicals.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a long-distance electrostatic spraying device capable of improving labor conditions in a conventional spraying mode (work in a conventional spraying mode) In the environment, heavy hoses must be moved during hot and humid summers, and agrochemicals are absorbed by sprayers to prevent severe poisoning caused by agrochemicals and to produce high quality rice and achieve maximum yield.

The best sprayers have spray particles ranging in size from 0.1 mm to 0.44 mm and, therefore, require advanced techniques to make such the best sprayers. According to the main point of the technique, the spray particles are charged with a negative charge, and the water pressure of the spray particles has 16 kgf/cm ² , thereby increasing the adhesion of the spray particles on the rice leaves.

There are currently 1,700 agrochemicals used, and the molecular weight of agrochemicals is in the range of 77.6 to 591.75. The inhalable lung has a molecular weight (Pb ₂ O ₃ ) of 462.38 or less, a particle size of 0.01 mm or less, and a molecular weight (C ₂₈ H ₃₆ O ₃ ) which can be adsorbed to the skin of 420.6 or less.

The inhalable lung has a particle size of 0.01 mm or less, and the adsorbed skin surface for adults is 1.6 m ² . If the molecular weight is 1000 or less, the agrochemical is directly adsorbed to the skin, and 0.06% of the agrochemical is absorbed through the skin.

All agrochemicals currently sprayed are inhaled through the nose and lungs.

Agrochemicals are inhaled into human skin or lungs by pressure distribution, dispersion, osmotic pressure, pH, ionization, temperature, humidity, tissue cells and capillaries, in which case heavy metals or fat-soluble substances do not pass through the body. Excretion of the kidneys leads to complications and shortened life. Absorbent surface of a human alveolar cells in the range 70m ² to 150m ^2, which is similar to a 18m × 9m = volleyball court area of 162m ^2.

Countries around the world suffer from food shortages. In the case of Asian countries where rice is the main food, agrochemicals are sprayed by older people, the weaker and women who are relatively weak under the toxicity of agrochemicals, despite wearing some protective equipment. Very dangerous and serious.

Symptoms of poisoning after spraying agrochemicals using conventional sprayers include eye pain, headache, dizziness, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, skin disorders, hand and foot shaking, muscle spasms, speech disorders, suspected death, and other complications.

Humans have a lung capacity of 400 cc to 500 cc under normal conditions. However, adult males who have traditionally sprayed have a lung capacity of 3,500 cc to 4,500 cc and inhale 10,000 L of air per day.

Items used in a manner similar to agrochemicals include toxic chemical weapons, tears, cigarettes, gas, drugs, hallucinogens, air guns, and the like. Spraying agrochemical particles in the liquid phase, The gas phase and the solid phase are absorbed, and the carbon monoxide of the gas combines with hemoglobin at a rate 200 times faster than oxygen, thereby causing a person who absorbs gas to be poisoned or killed due to lack of oxygen. If agrochemicals are highly toxic, they can easily achieve disease/insect pests, large agricultural production, and many other economic benefits, but they are very harmful to humans.

Agrochemicals are very toxic chemical wastes in the fiber or dyeing industry, and if they are absorbed into the body, they are retained as very toxic heavy metal compounds that cannot be excreted through the kidneys. Therefore, of course, they should be purified.

As the resistance to disease and pests evolves and productivity increases, the toxicity of agrochemicals is stronger year after year. Therefore, agrochemicals are absorbed into workers who spray and cause serious damage to his or her lungs. Therefore, there is a need to develop a new spray device that can eliminate the above problems.

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a long-distance electrostatic spraying device comprising: a long-distance nozzle; and a charge ring having a same central axis as the long-distance nozzle Coupling to the long distance nozzle and having an elongated conical shape in such a manner that the inlet of the charge ring is narrowed toward the outlet of the charge ring, wherein the charge ring is positively charged to a high voltage of DC The sprayed particles are electrostatically induced to a negative charge, thereby increasing the adhesion of the sprayed particles to the positive (+) charged wax coated rice leaves, detachably mounting the charge ring to the long distance nozzle and The distance between the charge ring and the long distance nozzle is adjusted and a long distance spray is performed.

According to the present invention, there is provided a long-distance electrostatic spray device in which a positively charged fine particle is induced into a negative charge by a DC high voltage charge ring, The adhesion rate of the fine particles in the spraying distance of 41 m or less is 5 times higher than the adhesion rate of the fine particles in the conventional spraying distance of 6 m, and the adhesion rate in the spraying distance of 41 m to 50 m is within the conventional spraying distance of 6 m. The adhesion rate is 3 times higher.

Further, the long-distance electrostatic spray device according to the present invention is capable of performing leaf spray using a water-soluble fertilizer, thereby producing high-quality rice. In addition, according to dense rice planting with fewer seedlings, solar absorption rate, initial tillering and effective size ratio are increased, while providing good ventilation, strong lodging resistance and disease resistance/insect resistance, and less agricultural use. The loss of chemicals inhibits water evaporation and weeds in rice fields, thus increasing rice yield by 10% or more and reducing rice production costs by 10% or more.

Moreover, for the rice production of 4.6 billion people in 120 countries near Asia, a long-distance electrostatic spraying device according to the present invention is required, and if the inside and outside of the greenhouse are cleaned with water, the amount of sunlight is increased, and thus Compared with aerial spraying in the Americas and Europe, rice production is 18.27% higher. In addition, crops can be cultivated along the path of movement between the fields in the field (planting wheat, corn, and fruit trees in the field). In particular, the present invention is effective in field crops and fruit trees cultivated in areas with severely inclined and irregular surfaces that make it difficult for tractors to enter, and in addition to food production and life support for 7 billion people on the planet. this invention. If 60 million units are produced, it will promote the development and employment of the automotive industry.

Further, according to the present invention, the cooperative spraying cost per 661 m ² is 1,000 won (KRW), so 90% of the conventional sprayers (WMD) (the cooperative spraying cost per 661 m ² is 10,000 won (KRW)) will disappear, and 70% The rotary tiller will also disappear. The invention provides a spraying capacity of 50 ha / day, prevents poisoning caused by agrochemicals, provides optional drugs (like setting up 1 million hospitals), malaria vector mosquito control, life-long dreams, medical costs Decline, reduction in complication pain, IMF replacement economy, imbalance between urban and rural development and regional emotional elimination, accelerated economic agrochemical development, forest fires and the elimination of various fires, prevention of global warming, Improvement of poor working environment, reduction of labor costs, improvement of health wealth, enhancement of quality of life, compensation of rural labor, improvement of international competitiveness, import substitution, natural purification through conversion of hazardous chemical waste into agrochemicals, Reduction of agricultural and fish markets and fire stations, large-scale planting, improved distribution of structures by replacing rotary tillers with small trucks, ease of pumping, water supply, drowning removal after flooding, field crop spraying, Spraying of high fruit trees and street trees, prevention of livestock diseases, dust prevention, cleaning and cleaning vehicles Car. As a result, agricultural productivity has increased, farmers’ income has increased, and economic growth has accelerated.

〔this invention〕

<108>Figure 1 and Figure 2

100‧‧‧ Charge ring

110‧‧‧Connecting members

111‧‧‧Nozzle body

120‧‧‧Agrochemical tanks

130‧‧‧Charged ring coupling member

131‧‧‧Connecting member coupling bolt

132‧‧‧(+) DC high voltage conductor

140‧‧‧DC high voltage generator

141‧‧‧(-) DC high voltage wire

150‧‧‧

151‧‧‧Vertical Rotating Motor

153‧‧‧Long distance nozzle valve

160‧‧‧Short-distance nozzle

165‧‧‧Short-distance nozzle valve

170‧‧‧Long-distance nozzle

171‧‧‧ level rotary motor

180‧‧‧High pressure hose

182‧‧‧ nozzle handle

190‧‧‧Nozzle support rod

200‧‧‧High pressure pump

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a long-distance electrostatic spray device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan view showing a charge ring of the long-distance electrostatic spray device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a plan view showing an operation example of spraying an agricultural chemical to a farming area through a nozzle.

Hereinafter, an explanation will be given in detail of a long-distance electrostatic spray device according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the configuration of a long-distance electrostatic spray device according to the present invention. In accordance with the present invention, a long range electrostatic spray device includes a charge ring 100, a long range nozzle 170, and a DC high voltage generator 140.

The agrochemical liquid stored in the agrochemical tank 120 includes mixing with water Agrochemicals, fertilizers and herbicides. The agrochemical fluid is pumped from the high pressure pump 200 and supplied to the high pressure hose 180. Next, the agrochemical liquid is transferred via the nozzle 170 and the positively charged charge ring 100 by a DC high voltage, and then the agrochemical liquid becomes a negatively charged electrostatically atomized particle, thereby cultivating the area including the rice field and the field. Spray the agricultural chemical liquid on it.

The agrochemical liquid is sprayed at a diameter of 101 m from the nozzle support rod 190 bolted to the spray vehicle (represented by A of Fig. 3) to the boundary where the mark is mounted, and then, via the slave support rod The high pressure hose 180 extended from 190 sprays the agrochemical liquid at a diameter of 101 m from the nozzle support rod 190 (represented by B in Fig. 3) attached to the field between the rice fields to the boundary of the field.

The high pressure hose 180 has a length of 65 m and is wound on or unwound from a hose reel disposed on the bottom of the storage tank of the spray vehicle while being spaced apart from the agrochemical tank 120 by a given distance.

The agrochemical tank 120, the high pressure hose 180, and the high pressure pump 200 are well known in the art, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand these devices, and thus, for the sake of brevity of description, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The lower circumference of the nozzle support rod 190 is vertically bolted to the top of the agrochemical tank 120 of the spray vehicle.

The nozzle support rod 190 is made of a galvanized steel pipe, and thus the lower circumference of the nozzle support rod 190 is vertically inserted and fixed to a given depth in the field of the cultivation area including the rice fields and the fields.

The charge ring 100 and the connecting member 110 may be separated from each other in such a manner as to be connected to each other like a bayonet seat of a rifle. The connection is achieved by fixing bolts, nuts or hinges, whereby the connecting member 110 can be folded at an angle of 180° when moving.

The connecting member 110 is coupled to the nozzle body 111 by a connecting member coupling bolt 131, and the coupling member 130 for coupling the connecting member 110 to the connecting member 110 of the charge ring 100 is fixed by the coupling ring and the detachment fixing bolt. The coupling ring is made of an insulator.

As shown in FIG. 1, the charge ring 100 can be separated from the nozzle body 111, and in addition, the connection member 110 is provided to connect the charge ring 100 and the nozzle body 111.

Since the opening angle of the sprayed particles is changed according to the water pressure, the connecting member 110 is expandable and contractible between the nozzle body 111 and the charge ring 100.

The charge ring 100 is formed in such a manner that the central axis of the spray hole that allows the long distance nozzle 170 corresponds to the central axis of the charge ring 100.

The charge ring 100 is fixedly fixed to the nozzle body 111 by a worker such that the charge ring 100 and the nozzle body 111 can be detachably connected to each other.

The charge ring 100 is made of thin copper having a thickness of 0.6 mm or a metal having a large amount of electric charge. The inner surface of the charge ring 100 is coated with an enamel having a thickness of 0.25 mm, and the outer surface of the charge ring 100 is coated with a waterproof paint for automobiles. The thicker the coating thickness of the inner surface of the charge ring 100, the smaller the amount of charge.

The DC high voltage generator 140 of the charge ring 100 has a voltage of 10 kV and a current of 200 mAp. Of course, the values of the voltage and current may be greater or smaller than the above values.

The charge ring 100 has a horn, a whistle, a loudspeaker, a funnel shape due to its narrower entrance at its entrance and toward its exit. Through the high voltage (+) charge ring 100, the surface of the water stream and the surface of the sprayed water droplets are charged with a negative charge, and while being dispersed, a negative (-) charge is distributed on the surface of the sprayed particles.

The amount of charge was measured by a portable electrostatic field meter (having a size of 120H x 60W x 20D mm).

Electrostatic shielding is achieved by a dc high voltage (+) charge ring 100, so water droplets, water streams or water columns are charged with a negative charge (see "Kelvin water dropper", England).

The long-distance nozzle 170 and the short-distance nozzle 160 are rotated up and down by 120° and rotated 360° to the left and right sides. Long-distance nozzles spray agrochemical liquids at a distance of 18 m, and short-range nozzles spray agrochemicals at a distance of 18 m. Both the long distance nozzle 170 and the short distance nozzle 160 have respective opening and closing valves. In addition, the long distance nozzle 170 and the short distance nozzle 160 have remote controllers for performing their distance control.

A long distance opening and closing valve is installed at the center of the long distance nozzle 170 to open and close the long distance nozzle 170 by a worker's manipulation or automatic control of a controller (not shown).

The short distance opening and closing valve is installed at the center of the short distance nozzle 160 to open and close the short distance nozzle 160 by the manipulation of the worker or the automatic control of the controller.

If necessary, both the long distance nozzle 170 and the short distance nozzle 160, or the long distance nozzle 170 or the short distance nozzle 160 are opened and closed by the long distance opening and closing valve and the short distance opening and closing valve.

The nozzle body 111 is coupled to the nozzle support bar 190 in a manner rotatable in each direction.

If agrochemical particles having a relatively large diameter of 0.44 mm are sprayed laterally, the agrochemical particles are decelerated and dispersed by a continuous level collision with a large amount of rice stems, and thus, the agrochemical particles are formed on the surface of the rice leaf. The prickly trichomes adhere well to the rice leaves. If the wind blows or there is a distance of 41 m to 50 m, the leveling effect of the large particles is increased (the nozzle angle is 23 to 24 in the maximum spraying distance).

A known pressure regulator is coupled to the high pressure pump 200 while maintaining a given pressure. If the long distance opening and closing valve is closed, the agrochemical liquid of the agrochemical tank 120 is being discharged. The agricultural chemical liquid is mixed.

The high pressure hose 180 is wound on the hose reel by electric power output from the engine, and in order to discharge the agricultural chemical liquid in the high pressure hose 180, the high pressure hose 180 is lifted above the agrochemical tank 120 to be gravity-based. Produce a water pressure difference. Otherwise, the agrochemical liquid is absorbed by the vacuum pump.

The flow rate between the long distance nozzle 170 and the short distance nozzle 160 is regulated by a nozzle flow rate regulator.

The long distance nozzle 170 and the short distance nozzle 160 are remotely controllable, and the spray distances of the long distance nozzle 170 and the short distance nozzle 160 are adjusted by the vertical rotation spray angle of the nozzle. The remote controller is similar to the remote controller used for RC helicopters. If the right joystick of the remote controller moves up and down, the long distance nozzle 170 moves up and down, and if the right joystick moves left and right, the long distance nozzle 170 moves to the left and right sides. If the left joystick moves upward, the long distance nozzle valve 153 opens, and if the left joystick is in the middle position, the long distance nozzle valve 153 closes. If the left joystick moves downward, the short distance nozzle valve 165 is closed. Set a timer on top of the sprinkler and check the water pressure. Next, the long distance nozzle valve 153 is opened to spray the agrochemical liquid by rotation of the long distance spray valve in each direction until all of the agrochemical liquid is discharged.

The DC high voltage generator 140 and the controller are disposed in a driver's seat of the spray vehicle.

If the hose extends to 65 m, the positive (+) DC high voltage wire 132 grounds the negative (-) electrode to the ground terminal 150 (rice water return path) and is only connected to the positive (+) electrode by the solid wire. 300,000 kW of DC high voltage is used between Jeju Island and Hainan County (seawater return route) in South Korea.

The negative (-) DC high voltage lead 141 should be grounded to the ground terminal 150 to increase the electrostatic effect.

The well-known DC high voltage generator 140 is similar to a notebook PC adapter of a semiconductor device without passing a mechanical transducer such that the direct current is in the form of an ultrasonic pulse and generates a high voltage or a low voltage. DC conversion is not possible for mechanical steel core transducers.

Electrons emitted from the negative electrode through the cathode ray tube are accelerated via the positive electrode ring and directly charged to the agrochemical liquid.

As shown in Fig. 3, the distance between the point A and the point B on the 100m × 30m × 2 cultivation block area is divided into two parts, and the agrochemicals until each area of the 30 m dotted line as the division point are calculated. The amount of liquid. If the amount of the agrochemical liquid per unit area is 0.16 L/M ² , spraying is performed at points A and B by nozzles having a spray distance of 50 m.

The boundaries and the dashed lines are indicated by fertilizer bags, signs and flashing bands.

The flow rate of the nozzle having a spray distance of 51 m was 12.21 L/sec, and the flow rate of the nozzle having a spray distance of 18 m was 1.5 L/sec. In combination with the side spray, it adheres to the back of the rice in a decelerating state because it collides with a continuous level.

The amount of the agrochemical liquid in the square DEGH at the point B is (100 m - 30 m) × 60 m × 0.16 L / M ² = 672 L, and the amount of the agrochemical liquid in the square CDFG at the point A is 30 m × 60 m. × 0.16 L / M ² = 288 L.

The 672L agrochemical liquid is sprayed three to five times through a short distance nozzle on a portion of the agricultural product that may fall within the square DEGH at point B, and then repeatedly sprayed through the long distance nozzle before drying until completely discharged. After the spraying is completed at point B, 288 L of the agricultural chemical liquid is sprayed three to five times through the short-distance nozzle on the portion of the agricultural product that may fall in the square CDFG at point A, and then repeated through the long-distance nozzle before drying. Spray until it is completely drained.

The amount of dilution water increases according to the concentration of the surfactant, and if four agrochemicals are mixed and sprayed, the amount of dilution water is doubled to three times. If a surfactant diffusing agent is added, the amount of dilution water is increased more than before. The amount of agrochemical liquid per unit area is divided by time, and the agrochemical liquid is equally sprayed under remote control without being poisoned by agrochemicals.

Surfactants, prickly trichomes, and negative spray particles are used to increase the adhesion of agrochemical fluids to rice leaves.

If the particles of the agrochemical liquid have a diameter of 0.44 mm or less, and the ultimate speed and the wind speed are 1.8 m/sec or less, the particles of the agrochemical liquid adhere well to the surface of the wax-coated rice leaf, and at the same time, the agrochemical liquid The particles diffuse to a range of three times the particle diameter by the surfactant and the electrostatic force charged to the negative charge.

The ultimate speed means that the water droplets are accelerated by the spraying speed and gravity, and therefore the frictional resistance of the water droplets with respect to the surrounding air is increased, so according to the size of the water droplets, the acceleration does not increase beyond a given speed, and thus the balance between gravity and air resistance is balanced. In the state, the water droplets have a uniform motion. When the air resistance is at a low speed, the ultimate speed is proportional to the speed, and when the air resistance is at a high speed, the ultimate speed is proportional to the square of the speed.

If the particle diameter is 0.1 mm, the ultimate velocity of the water droplet is 0.27 m/sec, and if the particle diameter is 0.2 mm, the ultimate velocity of the water droplet is 0.72 m/sec, and if the particle diameter is 0.3 mm, the ultimate velocity of the water droplet is 1.17. m/sec, if the particle diameter is 0.4 mm, the ultimate velocity of the water droplet is 1.62 m/sec, and if the particle diameter is 0.5 mm, the ultimate velocity of the water droplet is 2.06 m/sec, and if the particle diameter is 0.6 mm, the water droplet is The ultimate speed is 2.5 m/sec, and if the particle diameter is 1 mm, the ultimate speed of the water droplet is 4.03 m/sec. In addition, the water droplets have a uniform motion through the air resistance.

After testing the safety of chemical damage when spraying agrochemicals in double doses relative to the baseline amount through the Rural Development Administration, the agrochemicals were registered and sold on the market based on the test results. According to the double-dose chemical damage test, rice agrochemicals can be sprayed to double the amount relative to the baseline, and the amount of dilution water can be increased according to the concentration of the surfactant.

According to the traditional rice planting method, the number of seedlings per bunch of rice is three or five, and the distance between the bundles is 30 cm. According to the intensive rice planting with fewer seedlings, the number of seedlings per bunch of rice is two, and the distance between the bundles is 15cm, which increases the solar absorption rate, initial tillering and effective size ratio, while providing good ventilation and strong Lodging resistance and disease resistance/insect resistance, loss of small agrochemicals, inhibition of water evaporation and weeds in rice fields, thus increasing production yield by 10% or more, and reducing rice production costs by 10% or more .

According to conventional rice planting with a distance of 30 cm between the beams, workers move along a space formed by a distance of 30 cm to spray agrochemicals and fertilizers and remove weeds.

During the rice growth period (from May to September in Korea), the evaporation time of water with a water surface thickness of 0.1 mm is 32 minutes to 38 minutes, while the evaporation time of 0.1 mm water absorbed by the roots of rice on the surface of the leaves is About 70 minutes. Therefore, the repeated spray time safety rate is limited to twice the reference amount.

The composition and spray concentration of the water-soluble fertilizer for foliar spraying of rice include N (0.2% to 0.8%), P (0.5% to 1.0%), K (1%), Ca (0.3% to 0.4%), Mg (0.5% to 1.0%), Fe (0.1% to 0.8%), Mn (0.2% to 0.6%), B (0.1% to 1.2%), Zn (0.2% to 0.5%), Cu (1.0% to 1.2%), Mo (0.0005% to 0.01%), Cl, Na and S.

The film of the surfactant on the surface of the sprayed particles has a thickness in the range of 1.1 nm to 4.1 nm, and the wax layer on the rice leaf has a thickness in the range of 110 nm to 150 nm. degree. The surface tension of water was 71.18 dynes/cm at a temperature of 30 ° C, and the surface tension of the surfactant was 24 dynes/cm to 38 dynes/cm at 26 ° C of the surfactant. Agrochemicals are heavily attached to prickly trichomes that are formed on the surface of rice leaves, while large agrochemical particles with a diameter of 0.44 mm are along the gap between rice stalks and rice leaf stalks (parallel veins). The lower part flows downwards, thus causing the lower sheath to be sufficiently wetted (funnel). The prickly trichomes are used to protect the rice leaves and prevent the movement of small drops of water to the rice leaves like a brake to allow the agrochemical particles to adhere well to the rice leaves. Therefore, the agrochemical liquid adheres to the rice leaves in a large amount by the prickly trichomes, and the agrochemical liquid adheres to the rice leaves in a large amount through many vesicular cells and papillae. If the upper and lower surfaces of the rice leaf are rubbed up and down by the fingers, a rough skin burr like a brush can be felt. The prickly trichomes are arranged in rows along parallel veins, having a planar triangle similar to the end of the aloe leaf (a part of the prickly trichome formed on the bottom side of the rice leaf has a horn shape), having a similar short kiss The crocodile's mouth has an opening angle of 40° from the vertical rice leaf, and has a size of 0.03 mm to 0.07 mm and a spacing of 0.03 mm to 0.3 mm in a manner that becomes larger as the rice leaves grow (using modern technology does not It is possible to spray agrochemical liquids at a distance of 50 m).

100‧‧‧ Charge ring

110‧‧‧Connecting members

111‧‧‧Nozzle body

120‧‧‧Agrochemical tanks

130‧‧‧Charged ring coupling member

131‧‧‧Connecting member coupling bolt

132‧‧‧(+) DC high voltage conductor

140‧‧‧DC high voltage generator

141‧‧‧(-) DC high voltage wire

150‧‧‧

151‧‧‧Vertical Rotating Motor

153‧‧‧Long distance nozzle valve

160‧‧‧Short-distance nozzle

165‧‧‧Short-distance nozzle valve

170‧‧‧Long-distance nozzle

171‧‧‧ level rotary motor

180‧‧‧High pressure hose

182‧‧‧ nozzle handle

190‧‧‧Nozzle support rod

200‧‧‧High pressure pump

Claims (1)

A long-distance electrostatic spray device comprising: a long-distance nozzle (170); and a charge ring (100) having the same central axis as the long-distance nozzle (170) Means coupled to the long range nozzle (170) and having an elongated conical shape in a manner that the inlet of the charge ring (100) is narrowed toward the outlet of the charge ring (100), wherein The charge ring (100) being charged to a high DC voltage, the sprayed particles are electrostatically induced to a negative charge, thereby increasing the adhesion of the sprayed particles on the wax-coated rice leaves with positive (+) charge, The charge ring (100) is detachably mounted to the long distance nozzle (170) and the distance between the charge ring (100) and the long distance nozzle (170) is adjusted, and long distance spraying is performed.