TW201635820A - 聚交資料通訊方法及裝置 - Google Patents

聚交資料通訊方法及裝置 Download PDF

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TW201635820A
TW201635820A TW104140403A TW104140403A TW201635820A TW 201635820 A TW201635820 A TW 201635820A TW 104140403 A TW104140403 A TW 104140403A TW 104140403 A TW104140403 A TW 104140403A TW 201635820 A TW201635820 A TW 201635820A
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哈登 柴內
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奧席雅股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0691—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using subgroups of transmit antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
    • H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)

Abstract

本申請案揭示聚焦通訊的方法與裝置。該方法包含基礎傳輸器陣列於相同頻率與至少一客戶裝置通訊。該基礎傳輸器陣列提供聚焦資料通訊至該客戶裝置。

Description

聚交資料通訊方法及裝置
本發明是關於資料通訊。
由於世界越來越依賴從行動裝置存取資料，因此提供資料服務至對其發出請求的客戶之需求日益增加。行動電話系統、全球定位系統(GPS)與無線通訊系統(例如，IEEE 802系統)面對關於例如頻寬、範圍與容量之限制。一些解決方案是增加基礎建設與/或利用點範圍技術。然而，這些方法成本高且無效率。
因此，需要聚焦資料通訊的方法與裝置。
相關申請案之交叉參考本申請案主張2013年2月22日申請的美國臨時專利申請案案號61/768,004之權益，該案全文併入本申請案作為參考。
本申請案揭示聚焦通訊的方法與裝置。該方法包含與至少一客戶裝置通訊之基礎傳輸器陣列。該基礎傳輸器陣列提供聚焦資料通訊到該客戶裝置。可由以下說明內容與圖式得以瞭解本發明的上述與其他特徵。
100、200、300‧‧‧系統
110、C1、C2、C3‧‧‧客戶裝置
115‧‧‧處理器
116‧‧‧傳送器
117‧‧‧接收器
118、121、580、821‧‧‧天線
120、820、920、1020‧‧‧基礎傳輸器陣列
190‧‧‧記憶體
400‧‧‧方法
500‧‧‧天線元件處理器
510‧‧‧客戶載體組件
520‧‧‧訊息編碼組件
530‧‧‧網路開關
540、612‧‧‧加總器
550‧‧‧入信號類比至數位(A/D)編碼器
560‧‧‧相位與時間偵測組件
570‧‧‧傳送/接收多工器/解多工器(MUX/DEMUX)
590‧‧‧表
600‧‧‧陣列控制器
610‧‧‧概念組件
611‧‧‧訊息解碼器
613‧‧‧時間偏移器(time shifters)
620‧‧‧數位至數位信號解碼器(D/D)
630‧‧‧系統時鐘
640‧‧‧網路開關
650‧‧‧資料網路開關
660‧‧‧連接器
900、1000‧‧‧聚焦資料通訊系
930、941‧‧‧重疊區域
940‧‧‧覆蓋片
A‧‧‧飛機
B‧‧‧高樓
G‧‧‧地面程度
H‧‧‧高度
L、POS1、POS2‧‧‧位置
T‧‧‧頂樓處位置
第1圖為包含客戶裝置與基礎傳輸器陣列之聚焦資料通訊系統的範例系統圖式。
第2圖為包含複數個客戶裝置之聚焦資料通訊系統的另一範例系統圖式。
第3圖為包含移動客戶裝置之聚焦資料通訊系統的另一範例系統圖式。
第4圖為提供聚焦資料通訊之範例方法的流程圖。
第5圖為根據本發明實施例之天線元件處理器的範例功能方塊圖。
第6圖為根據本發明實施例之陣列控制器的範例功能方塊圖。
第7圖為根據本發明實施例之客戶裝置的範例功能方塊圖。
第8A圖至第8E圖為偵測新客戶裝置過程中之聚焦資料通訊基礎傳輸器陣列的範例系統圖式。
第9圖說明聚焦資料的範例陣列覆蓋。
第10A圖至第10C圖為聚焦通訊系統之方向與位置實施例的範例圖式。
圖式中，類似的元件符號一致代表相應的特徵。
第1圖為包含客戶裝置110與基礎傳輸器陣列120的聚焦資料通訊系統100之範例系統圖式。該基礎傳輸器陣列120包含複數個天線121。應注意雖然範例基礎傳輸器陣列120中描繪有十九個天線121，但可使用任何數量的天線。該客戶110(標示為C1)是與該基礎傳輸器陣列120的天線121無線通訊。每一個天線121在不同的時間偏移接收來自該客戶裝置110的通訊，並且以由該客戶裝置110接收的傳送時間偏移之相反順序，傳送資料至使用該時間偏移的該客戶裝置110，以使得當在該客戶裝置110加總來自每一個天線121的該資料傳送信號時，接收清楚的信號。例如，每一個天線121的路徑長度可為p(n)。而後，該路徑的時間可為以下方程式：t(n)=p(n)/c 方程式(1)其中c=光的速度。
為了使來自每一個天線元件121的資料傳送信號於相同時間到達該裝置110，每一個天線元件121開始傳送的時間為：時間=max(t(n))-t(n). 方程式(2)
第2圖為包含複數個客戶裝置110的聚焦資料通訊系統200之另一範例系統圖式。在系統200中，每一個客戶裝置110(標示為C1、C2與C3)是與該基礎傳輸器120的每一個天線元件121無線通訊。在此範例中，在該基礎傳輸器120與每一個客戶裝置110中間，產生多個通訊鏈結。
由於至客戶C1、C2與C3的每一個信號是分離的，所以該客戶裝置110可分享相同的頻率或通道，因此允許每一個頻率帶或通訊通道的使用增加。除此之外，每一個客戶裝置110的信號應該低於或大幅低於至另一客戶裝置110的信號之雜訊程度。例如，非用於C1的信號彼此取消，造成在客戶裝置C1用於C1的信號清楚傳送。
為了於相同頻率傳送同步信號至多個客戶110，相對於該基礎傳輸器陣列120中的每一個其他天線元件121，每一個天線元件121使用從每一個客戶110所接收的時間偏移。因此，而後每一個天線元件121可加總編碼的信號，並且將所有客戶110信號的並列加總傳送至該客戶110，造成分別空間上分離的資料通訊信號，其可被客戶110清楚地接收與解碼。例如，在預期的聚焦位置，信號(各自具有強度「s」)線性增加，造成客戶裝置110的天線線性增加，因而總信號為N乘以s。然而，在非預期的聚焦位置，在無結合相位的任意時間接收信號，造成信號強度為：(s0+s1+s2+s3+s4+s5+s6+...+sN)/N，遠較所預期的聚焦信號弱。
同樣地，由於可分享與使用相同或單一頻率而從該基礎傳輸器陣列120傳送 資料至多個客戶110，因而可擴展該資料通訊系統(例如，100、200與300)的容量。例如，藉由使用多個頻率，客戶裝置110群組分享第一頻率、客戶裝置110群組分享第二頻率，以此類推，該基礎傳輸器陣列120可提供更多客戶裝置110。
第3圖為包含標示為C2之移動客戶裝置110的聚焦資料通訊系統300之另一範例系統圖式。在此範例中，該客戶裝置C2依箭頭方向從第一位置(POS1)移動至第二位置(POS2)，同時維持與基礎傳輸器陣列120的每一個天線元件121的無線通訊。在每一個信號接收過程中，重新校正每一個天線元件121，以補償從客戶裝置C2接收的時間偏移之變化。
第4圖為提供聚焦資料通訊的範例方法400之流程圖。為了說明，方法400可用於任何上述系統100、200與300以及任何其他資料通訊系統。在步驟410中，該基礎傳輸器120從至少一客戶裝置110接收編碼信號。例如，在第1圖所描述的系統中，該基礎傳輸器陣列120從客戶裝置C1接收通訊信號。在第2圖中，該基礎傳輸器陣列120從客戶裝置C1、C2與C3接收多個通訊信號。在第3圖中，該基礎傳輸器120從客戶裝置C2接收通訊信號。
該基礎傳輸器陣列120的每一個天線元件121以不同於每一個其他天線元件121的時間偏移，從至少一客戶裝置110接收資料通訊。例如，回來參閱第1圖，天線元件121 l以不同於天線元件121 n的時間偏移，從客戶裝置C1接收該資料通訊。因此，該基礎傳輸器120的每一個天線元件121確定相對於每一個其他天線元件121，來自至少一客戶裝置110(步驟420)的輸入時間偏移。
可藉由加總該天線元件121的所有天線而進行偏移確定。在此方式中，每一 個天線元件121比較其自身與一致性(consensus)，以及當天線元件121離開所述一致性時，其開始返回與新的偏移一致，它通過測試其對抗該一致性的輸出，或測試其對抗無修飾的一致性之修飾的時間偏移一致性，以及選擇是否保留修飾或維持相同而發現新的偏移。這可由該天線元件121進行而無論該客戶裝置110移動與否。
一旦計算該時間偏移，基於每一個客戶裝置的時間偏移，調整該基礎傳輸器120的每一個天線元件121(步驟430)。例如，每一個天線元件121可用從該客戶裝置110所接收的時間偏移之相反順序，將其傳送信號時間偏移至該客戶裝置110。
在步驟440中，該基礎傳輸器120的每一個天線元件121基於在該天線元件確定的時間偏移，而傳送資料至該至少一客戶裝置110。
由於該客戶裝置110可於移動中，所以確定關於該至少一客戶裝置110是否已經移動(步驟450)。例如，在第3圖，客戶C2從POS1移動至POS2。在此範例中，每一個天線元件121被重新校正與重新調整(步驟460)，以補償該客戶裝置110的移動。這可由比較每一個天線元件的時間偏移信號與合併信號(consolidated signal)而完成，藉此如果該時間偏移的信號與該合併信號不同步，則將其調整以符合該合併信號，並且傳遞至每一個天線元件121而更新關於該客戶裝置110的表輸入(table entry)。
第5圖為根據本發明實施例之天線元件處理器500的範例功能方塊圖。該天線元件處理器500包含複數個客戶載體組件510、複數個訊息編碼組件520、網路開關530、加總器540、進入信號類比至數位(A/D)編碼器550、相位與時間偵測組件560、傳送/接收多工器/解多工器(MUX/DEMUX)570以及天線 580。每一個客戶裝置110的客戶資訊(例如，客戶ID、相位位置與時間偏移)儲存在該天線元件處理器500的表590中。
資料在輸入線上輸入至該網路開關530，同時載體與時間同步資訊被輸入至該客戶載體組件510與時間偵測組件560中。該載體資訊可為與所有天線元件121分享的共同信號載體資訊，例如相位鎖迴路(PLL)標定任何所欲之通道的頻率而使用的較低頻率。該時間同步信號可為時鐘，其允許事件的分辨率(resolution)為次波形程度(sub-wave level)(例如，2.4GHz信號為10ns或900MHz信號為4ns)。
該網路開關530輸出訊息信號至該訊息編碼組件520，其也接收來自相應客戶載體組件510的輸入。該網路開關530也提供該客戶資訊表590資訊至該客戶載體組件510與訊息編碼組件520。該加總器540接收來自該訊息編碼組件520的信號以及每一客戶裝置110的適當時間偏移，並且輸出輸出信號至該MUX/DEMUX 570用於該天線580的傳送。如果該加總器540所接收的輸入為數位信號，則該加總器可為數位信號加法器並且將總和轉換為類比，同時如果該加總器540的輸入為類比信號，則該加總器540在類比區進行加總。該MUX/DEMUX 570也接收來自該天線580的進入傳送(incoming transmissions)，並且將該進入信號而非該輸出信號(outgoing signal)轉送至該進入信號A/D編碼器550以及相位與時間偵測組件560。該MUX/DEMUX 570可被用於運作使得多個客戶裝置110傳送至該天線元件121，同時將來自該天線元件121的資料傳送至其他客戶裝置110。
該進入信號A/D編碼器550輸出數位信號至該網路開關530，以及該相位與時間偵測組件輸出信號至該進入信號A/D編碼器550。該相位與時間偵測組件 560可偵測或建立新的客戶裝置110，例如使用來自客戶裝置110之編碼的信標信號(beacon signal)。
第6圖為根據本發明實施例之陣列控制器600的範例功能塊圖式。該陣列控制器600可被用於協調所有天線元件121的功能。該陣列控制器600包含複數個概念組件610、數位至數位信號解碼器(D/D)620、系統時鐘630、網路開關640、資料網路開關650以及複數個連接器660。
在運作中，當每一個天線元件121已經建立送出信號所需要的其相位與時間偏移，用於傳送的每一個資料封包被標示客戶辨識，使得可用適當的相位與時間偏移而將其編碼。
對於特定的客戶裝置110，該陣列控制器600接收來自該概念組件610中之裝置110的信號。此信號可通過每一個天線元件處理器500的該A/D編碼器550而被間接接收。而後，來自每一個天線元件121的信號可被加至來自使用客戶裝置110時間偏移的「倒反計時(reverse timing)」而傳送之所有其他天線元件121的信號。可根據以下方程式計算該倒反計時：倒反計時=最大客戶時間偏移(MaxClientTimeOffset)-客戶時間偏移(ClientTimeOffset) 方程式(3)其中該倒反計時有效為0與每一個客戶之該客戶時間偏移(ClientTimeOffset)之間的數字，以及最大時間偏移(MaxTimeOffset)為從接收信號之最早天線元件121到接收相同信號之最新天線元件121的時間差。
由於每一個客戶裝置有一些時間為無聲的(silent)，所以信號之間可有一些串音(crosstalk)以及該資料線可為無聲。若最大部分(例如，「熱點」)在相同位置有超過一個客戶裝置110，(其中時間偏移彼此類似而使得其信號接收重疊)，則很難區分一客戶裝置110與另一客戶裝置。在這些範例中，可使用分 時多重存取(TDMA)與/或分碼多重存取(CDMA)傳送技術。為了傳送至該基礎傳輸器120而不等待其他客戶裝置110停止其傳送，客戶裝置也可撤銷碰撞偵測機制，以使得每一個客戶裝置110有完全的雙向帶寬能力。
該網路開關640從來自外部中央網路的厚資料管線接收資料(例如，來自/至客戶裝置110的資料封包)，並且將資料往返通訊至每一個概念組件610，其包含訊息解碼器611、加總器612以及複數個時間偏移器(time shifters)613。對於個別的天線元件121，通過該D/D 620、資料網路開關650與該連接器660，資料從該概念組件610進行至該天線元件121。除此之外，該系統時鐘630提供該載體與時間同步信號給每一個天線元件121。至客戶之輸出資料由該網路開關640提供至該資料網路開關650。
第7圖為根據本發明實施例之範例客戶裝置110的範例功能塊圖式。為了有助於無線傳送與接收，該客戶裝置110包含處理器115、與該處理器通訊的傳送器116、與該處理器115通訊的接收器117、與該傳送器116及該接收器117通訊的天線118，以及與該處理器115通訊的記憶體119。該處理器115可用以處理資料通訊，以用於傳送至該基礎傳輸器陣列120與接收自該基礎傳輸器陣列120。
第8A圖至第8F圖為偵測新客戶裝置110的過程中之聚焦資料通訊基礎傳輸器陣列820的範例系統圖式。舉例而言，該基礎傳輸器陣列820實質類似於該基礎傳輸器陣列120，以及雖然顯示十九個天線元件821，但是應理解可使用較多或較少的天線元件。除此之外，應注意該天線元件821實質類似於天線元件121。
當該基礎傳輸器陣列821運作時，它可在其服務區內偵測新的客戶並且建立 通訊的時間偏移。當客戶裝置110啟動時，其嘗試與該基礎傳輸器陣列820通訊。因此，該基礎傳輸器陣列820可調整特定的天線元件821至特定方向。例如，在第8A圖中，天線元件9、11與12被調整至第一方向。在第8B圖中，天線元件5、15與19被調整至第二方向。在第8C圖中，天線元件6、14與17被調整至第三方向。在第8D圖中，天線元件8、9與11被調整至第四方向。在第8E圖中，天線元件1、5與15被調整至第五方向。在第8F圖中，天線元件3、6與14被調整至第六方向。該調整可於軟方式中完成，例如藉由專用電路，如上述的概念組件610。
在第8A圖至第8F圖所示的佈局中，該基礎傳輸器陣列820的每一個接收瓣(lobe)可具有寬度為75度，使得該陣列周圍的重疊與完全覆蓋。然而，應注意可使用360度的任何細分以形成構成整套調整方向的接收瓣。
第9圖為根據第8A圖至第8F圖中的天線元件821而調整之聚焦資料通訊系統900的範例陣列覆蓋。與該基礎傳輸器陣列120與820實質類似的基礎傳輸器陣列920包含覆蓋區域930。複數個覆蓋片940包含複數個重疊區域941。因此，由該基礎傳輸器陣列920偵測到在該覆蓋區域930內的新客戶裝置110。由於該方向瓣監視尚未知道的新客戶裝置110，因此一旦偵測到新的客戶裝置110，可提供資訊給其餘的天線元件821，以快速校正其個別的時間與相位偏移，以使得新偵測的客戶裝置110接收它們的聚焦空間指向資料信號。由於該信號被高度聚焦，當該客戶裝置110可使用較少電力與該基礎傳輸器陣列120/420/820/920通訊，因此可增加該客戶裝置110的電池壽命。除此之外，對照於傳送信號電力於多方向外，由於聚焦信號可傳送更遠以及由於該陣列可調整至特定的客戶裝置110，因此該覆蓋區域930可大於習知相同 電力的通訊系統。
第10A圖至第10C圖為聚焦通訊系統1000之實施例的方向與位置範例圖式。例如，在第10A圖中，該系統包含基礎傳輸器陣列1020，其實質類似於該基礎傳輸器陣列120、420、820與920。由於習知的資料通訊陣列包含通常向下指向的天線，因此只有地面程度G的客戶裝置110可經歷有品質的資料通訊。因此，在高樓B之頂樓處位置T的客戶裝置110或是在飛機A上的客戶裝置110無法接收有品質的資料通訊。
藉由使用聚焦資料通訊系統，例如使用該基礎傳輸器1020，(顯示在習知的胞元塔)，可提供高品質信號給在位置G、B或A處的客戶裝置110。
第10B圖與第10C圖描述實施例中該聚焦資料通訊系統1000，其可用於基於位置的服務，類似於GPS或導航服務。在第10B圖與第10C圖所示的範例中，可使用該基礎傳輸器陣列1020而將在位置L且鄰接於建築物B的客戶裝置110定位。藉由分析該基礎傳輸器陣列1020的每一個天線(未顯示)之時間偏移，其可確定相對於該基礎傳輸器陣列1020的高度H之位置L的海拔角度。同樣地，可藉由知道位置L的方向而確定相對於該基礎傳輸器陣列1020北方之方位角θ。除此之外，由於可由該基礎傳輸器陣列1020的架構而確定距離d，因此可提供位置服務給在位置L處的該客戶裝置110。實際上，藉由檢視在該基礎傳輸器陣列1020的時間延遲，可確定該客戶的方向。然而，由於該基礎傳輸器陣列1020具有體積尺寸，因此可從體積邊緣追蹤多個確定的方向而確定它們在哪收斂(其可提供實際定位(方向+距離))。
上述的方法與裝置可運作於實體通訊層堆疊。然而，應注意可使用任何堆疊進行上述任何方法與裝置所需要的功能。
應理解本發明不受限於上述實施例，但包括以下申請專利範圍內的任何所有實施方式。例如，上述的客戶裝置可為行動電話、PDA，或可用於資料通訊之任何其他無線裝置。除此之外，例如，該基礎傳輸器陣列的尺寸可為(客戶數量)2.5之級數，然而，可使用任何尺寸。此外，雖然舉例顯示的該客戶裝置110僅具有單一天線，但是應注意該客戶裝置可包含超過一個天線。
同樣地，應注意該基礎傳輸器陣列可為用於三維(3D)配置的大套天線，其中每一個天線可傳送一或多個資料編碼的信號，因而所傳送的信號為所欲傳送之編碼信號的加總。如上該，每一個信號可被加入特定的時間偏移，其不同於每一個天線元件。配置該基礎傳輸器陣列的天線元件之一配置範例是使用3D準晶配置。
此外，雖然實施例中描述本申請案的特徵與元件之特定組合，但是每一個特徵或元件可被單獨使用(不需要實施例中的其他特徵與元件)，或是需要或不需要本申請案其他特徵與元件，以不同的組合方式而被使用。
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Claims (16)

  1. 用於無線傳送聚焦資料的裝置，包括：調整複數天線陣列元件的一第一子集，以形成3維空間中的複數覆蓋片，其中該複數天線陣列元件接收電磁幅射；偵測該複數覆蓋片的至少其中之一中的一或更多第一新客戶裝置；藉由該第一子集從該一或更多第一新客戶裝置接收一第一訊息；基於該第一訊息確定3維空間中該一或更多第一新客戶裝置的一第一位置；調整該複數天線陣列元件之一第二子集，以產生在該第一位置的一電磁波的建設性干涉；以及藉由該第一子集與第二子集而傳送該電磁波到該一或更多第一裝置。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中該第一位置的該確定是基於該複數天線陣列元素的一或更多個的一倒反計時偏移。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項所述的方法，其中該倒反計時偏移是藉由以下而計算：記錄該第一子集所接收的該第一消息的輸入時間偏移；以及 基於該輸入時間偏移而計算該倒反計時偏移。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，更包括：偵測該複數覆蓋片中的至少其中之一中的一或更多第二新客戶裝置；從該一或更多第二新客戶裝置接收一第二訊息；基於該第二訊息確定三維空間中該一或更多第一新客戶裝置的一第二位置；以及調整該複數天線陣列元件的一第三子集，以產生在該第二位置的建設性干涉。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的方法，更包括：傳送在一第一頻率的該電磁波到該一或更多第一客戶裝置，及在一第二頻率的該電磁波到該一或更多第二客戶裝置。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，更包括：同時從二或更多第一客戶裝置接收資料訊息而作為一單一資料輸入信號；將該單一資料輸入信號解多工成多個資料信號，每一者對應該等第一客戶裝置的其中之一；準備用於該等第一客戶裝置的每一個的反應資料信號；藉由多工該等反應資料信號而產生一輸出資料信號；以及傳送該輸出資料信號到該等第一客戶裝置。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，其中該第一位置包括一高度組件。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的方法，更包括：基於該第一位置而確定用於該一或更多第一新客戶裝置的一運動向量。
  9. 一種無線傳輸器，包括：一基礎傳輸器陣列，包括複數收發器與複數天線元件，其中該等天線元件接收電磁幅射，其中該基礎傳輸器陣列被配置以：調整該複數天線元件的一第一子集，以形成3維空間中的複數覆蓋片；偵測該複數覆蓋片的至少其中之一中的一或更多第一新客戶裝置；從該一或更多第一新客戶裝置接收一第一訊息；基於該第一訊息確定3維空間中該一或更多第一新客戶裝置的一第一位置；調整該複數天線元件之一第二子集，以產生在該第一位置的一電磁波的建設性干涉；以及傳送該電磁波到該一或更多第一裝置。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的傳輸器，其中該基礎傳輸器陣列基於該複數天線陣列元素的一或更多個的一倒反計時偏移確定該第一位置。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述的傳輸器，其中該倒反計時偏移是藉由該基礎傳輸器陣列而如下而計算： 記錄該第一子集所接收的該第一消息的輸入時間偏移；以及基於該輸入時間偏移而計算該倒反計時偏移。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的傳輸器，其中該基礎傳輸器陣列更被配置以：偵測該複數覆蓋片中的至少其中之一中的一或更多第二新客戶裝置；從該一或更多第二新客戶裝置接收一第二訊息；基於該第二訊息確定三維空間中該一或更多第一新客戶裝置的一第二位置；以及調整該複數天線陣列元件的一第三子集，以產生在該第二位置的建設性干涉。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述的傳輸器，其中該基礎傳輸器陣列更被配置以：傳送在一第一頻率的該電磁波到該一或更多第一客戶裝置，及在一第二頻率的該電磁波到該一或更多第二客戶裝置。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的傳輸器，其中該基礎傳輸器陣列更被配置以：同時從二或更多第一客戶裝置接收資料訊息而作為一單一資料輸入信號；將該單一資料輸入信號解多工成多個資料信號，每一者對應該等第一客戶裝置的其中之一； 準備用於該等第一客戶裝置的每一個的反應資料信號；藉由多工該等反應資料信號而產生一輸出資料信號；以及傳送該輸出資料信號到該等第一客戶裝置。
  15. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的傳輸器，其中該第一位置包括一高度組件。
  16. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的傳輸器，其中該基礎傳輸器陣列更被配置以：基於該第一位置而確定用於該一或更多第一新客戶裝置的一運動向量。
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