TW201624899A - High step-up circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

A high step-up circuit includes three windings, a bridge connection capacitor, a switch, five diodes, and three output capacitors. Compare with the existing step-up converter, this circuit can be implemented with the relatively small number of components. Besides, the corresponding voltage gain is greater than that of the existing step-up converter.

Description

High boost circuit

The present invention relates to a boost converter, and more particularly to a high boost type circuit.

Decentralized power generation is mainly divided into several types, such as: waste heat power generation, solar power generation, electric vehicle power supply to the grid, and wind power generation. However, the voltage generated by the above-mentioned power generation method is not high and is not stable enough. In addition, the output voltage tends to fluctuate with changes in the load. To solve this problem, a boost-type conversion is connected to the back end of the distributed energy source. Step-Up Converter, which provides a relatively stable high voltage for the back-end equipment, or the input power required for the inverter of the mains parallel system, for example: Thermo Electrical Generator (TEG), independent Type solar power supply system, commercial power parallel solar power supply system, in which the boost converter is required to raise the low voltage generated by the thermoelectric module or the solar panel to a high voltage to provide the inverter or the load terminal. power supply.

In order to achieve a higher voltage conversion ratio, the prior art uses multiple sets of voltage doubling circuits, which increases the number of diodes and capacitors, which leads to an increase in cost and an excessive number of circuit components, resulting in a complicated design.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a high boost type circuit that improves upon the prior art.

The high-boosting circuit of the present invention is electrically connected between a power supply and a load. The high-boosting circuit includes a first winding, a second winding, a third winding, a first forward conducting component, and a first a second forward conducting component, a third conducting component, a fourth forward conducting component, a fifth conducting component, a switching component, a first voltage stabilizing capacitor, a second voltage stabilizing capacitor, and a third voltage stabilizing capacitor .

The first winding has a first end and a second end electrically connected to the power source. The first forward conducting component has a first end and a second end electrically connected to the power source. The second forward conducting component has a first end and a second end electrically coupled to the second end of the first winding. The second winding has a first end electrically coupled to the second end of the first forward conducting element and a second end electrically coupled to the second end of the second forward conducting element. The jumper capacitor is electrically connected between the second end of the first winding and the second end of the first forward conducting component. The switching element has a first end that is grounded and a second end that is electrically connected to the second end of the second forward conducting element. The third forward conducting component has a first end electrically coupled to the second end of the second winding and a second end electrically coupled to the load. The fourth forward conducting component has a first end and a second end electrically coupled to the second end of the third forward conducting component.

The third winding has a first end and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the fourth forward conducting component. The fifth forward conduction component There is a first end and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the third forward conducting component. One end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor is grounded. The two ends of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor are electrically connected to the second end of the third winding and the other end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor. The two ends of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor are electrically connected to the second end of the fifth forward conducting component and the second end of the third winding, respectively.

In the high-boost type circuit, the power supply provides an input voltage V _i , and after the conversion of the high-boost type circuit, an output voltage V _{o is} generated, D is a duty cycle, and n is the third winding and the first a turns ratio of one winding, and the number of turns of the third winding is greater than the number of turns of the first winding, and the voltage conversion ratio of the high step-up type circuit is .

The effect of the present invention is that the design of the high-boost type circuit of the present invention is simplified compared to the conventional boost converter, which not only reduces the component cost but also has an excellent voltage conversion ratio.

100‧‧‧High boost circuit

21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 111, 141, 151 ‧ ‧ first end

22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 112, 142, 152‧‧‧ second end

C _e ‧‧‧Span capacitor

C ₁ ‧‧‧First Stabilized Capacitor

C ₂ ‧‧‧Second voltage regulator

C ₃ ‧‧‧third voltage regulator

D ₁ ‧‧‧ first conducting member cis

D ₂ ‧‧‧second forward conduction component

D ₃ ‧‧‧third forward conduction component

D ₄ ‧‧‧fourth forward conduction component

D ₅ ‧‧‧ fifth forward conduction component

N ₁ ‧‧‧first winding

N ₂ ‧‧‧second winding

A third winding N ₃ ‧‧‧

L _m ‧‧‧Magnetic inductance

L _{k 1} , L _{k 2} , L _{k 3} ‧‧‧ leakage inductance

R ₀ ‧‧‧load

S ₁ ‧‧‧Switching elements

V _i ‧‧‧ input voltage

V _o ‧‧‧output voltage

Other features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments referring to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram illustrating an embodiment of a high boost type circuit of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram. The symbol of voltage and current of each component in FIG. 1 is illustrated; FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram illustrating the operating states of voltage and current of each component in FIG. 2 in several switching cycles; FIG. 4 to FIG. 13 are circuit diagrams illustrating the implementation. The current flow direction of the ten operating states of the example; Figure 14 is a graph illustrating the boundary of the operating mode of the magnetizing inductance; Figures 15 through 20 are analog waveform diagrams of the components of the predetermined specification.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the high-boost type circuit 100 is electrically connected between a power supply that supplies an input voltage V _i and a load R ₀ , and the high-boost type circuit 100 includes a first a forward conduction element D ₁ , a second forward conduction element D ₂ , a third forward conduction element D ₃ , a fourth forward conduction element D ₄ , a fifth forward conduction element D ₅ , a first winding N ₁ , a second winding N ₂ , a third winding N ₃ , a jumper capacitor C _e , a first stabilizing capacitor C ₁ , a second stabilizing capacitor C ₂ , and a third stabilizing capacitor C ₃ And a switching element S ₁ .

The first winding N ₁ has a first end 21 and a second end 22 that are electrically connected to the power source. The first forward conducting component D ₁ has a first end 41 and a second end 42 that are electrically connected to the power source. The second forward conducting element D ₂ having a first winding with a first end 31 and a second end 32 N 22 is electrically connected to the second end _1.

The jumper capacitor C _{e is} electrically connected between the second end 22 of the first winding N _{1 and} the second end 42 of the first forward conducting element D ₂ .

The second winding N ₂ has a first end 51 electrically connected to the second end 42 of the first forward conducting element D _{2 and} a second end electrically connected to the second end 32 of the second forward conducting element D ₁ End 52. The third forward conducting component D ₃ has a first end 71 and a second end 72 that are electrically coupled to the second end 52 of the second winding N ₂ .

The switching element S ₁ has a control terminal, a first end 61 electrically connected to the second end 32 of the second forward conducting element D ₁ and a grounded second end 62.

The third winding N ₃ has a first end and a second end 112 electrically coupled to the second end 142 of the fourth forward conducting element D ₄ . The fifth forward conducting component D ₅ has a first end 151 electrically coupled to the second end 142 of the fourth forward conducting component D _{4 and} a second end 152 electrically coupled to the load R ₀ .

One end of the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₁ is grounded. The two ends of the second stabilizing capacitor C ₂ are electrically connected to the second end 112 of the third winding N ₃ and the other end of the first stabilizing capacitor C ₁ , respectively. Both ends of the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₃ are electrically connected to the second end 152 of the fifth forward conducting element D ₅ and the second end 112 of the third winding N ₃ , respectively.

In this embodiment, the first forward conduction element D ₁ , the second forward conduction element D ₂ , the third forward conduction element D ₃ , the fourth forward conduction element D ₄ , and the fifth forward conduction element D ₅ are both For the diode, each of the first ends 31, 41, 71, 141, and 151 is a p-pole, and each of the second ends 32, 42, 72, 142, and 152 is an n-pole. In addition, the first winding N ₁ , the second winding N ₂ and the third winding N _{3 are} wound on the same magnetic element, so that the volume of the overall circuit can be reduced.

The symbol definitions and assumptions of the final correlation in this embodiment are as follows: (i) the power supply provides the input voltage V _i , and the output voltage V _{o is} generated after the boost conversion; (ii) the jump capacitor C _e and the first voltage regulator capacitor C _{1. The} capacitance of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₂ and the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₃ is large enough to make the voltage across a certain value; (iii) T _s is the switching period; (iv) all switches and diodes The capacitors are considered to be ideal components; (v) the circuits are all operated in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM). Hereinafter, description will be made with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Referring to FIG. 3, there are ten operating states in a switching period T _s , and the mode analysis of each operating state is as follows.

State one [ t ₀ t t ₁ ]: Referring to FIG. 4, the switching element S _{1 is} turned on, the first forward conducting element D ₁ , the second forward conducting element D ₂ , the fifth forward conducting element D _{5 are} turned on, and the third forward conducting element D _{3 is} turned on. The fourth forward conduction element D _{4 is} turned off. At this time, the input voltage V _i charges the jumper capacitor C _e , and the energy stored in the leakage inductance L _{k 3} continues to charge the third stabilizing capacitor C ₃ and the first stabilizing capacitor C ₁ and the second stabilizing capacitor C ₂ Provide energy to the load R ₀ . When at time t _1, the magnetizing inductance L _m demagnetized state to an energized state, the third capacitor C ₃ stops charging regulator, an end state.

State two [ t ₁ t t ₂ ]: Referring to FIG. 5, the switching element S _{1 is} turned on, the first forward conducting element D ₁ , the second forward conducting element D ₂ , and the fifth forward conducting element D _{5 are} turned on, and the third forward conducting element D _{3 is} turned on. The fourth forward conduction element D _{4 is} turned off. At this time, the voltage across the magnetizing inductance L _m is the mapping voltage nV _i of the voltage v _{N 1} of the first winding N ₁ , so the exciting inductance L _{m is} in the exciting state, and the voltage across the capacitor C _e is maintained at the input voltage V _i , in the state of charge, the energy required for the load R _{0 is} provided by the leakage inductance L _{k 3} , the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₁ , the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₂ and the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₃ . At time t ₂ , the leakage inductance L _{k 3 is} released, and the state 2 is ended.

State three [ t ₂ t t ₃ ]: Referring to FIG. 6 , the switching element S _{1 is} turned on, the first forward conducting element D ₁ , the second forward conducting element D ₂ , the fourth forward conducting element D _{4 are} turned on, and the third forward conducting element D _{3 is} turned on. The fifth forward conduction element D _{5 is} turned off. At this time, the magnetizing inductance L _{m is} in an excited state, the voltage across the capacitor C _e is maintained at the input voltage V _i , and is in a state of charge, and the energy required to load the R _{0 is} determined by the first stabilizing capacitor C ₁ , the second stable Capacitor C ₂ and third regulator capacitor C ₃ are provided. When at time t _3, the second capacitor C ₂ to stop providing regulated power to the load R _0, the end of the third state.

State 4: [ t ₃ t t ₄ ]: Referring to FIG. 7 , the switching element S _{1 is} turned on, the first forward conducting element D ₁ , the second forward conducting element D ₂ , and the fourth forward conducting element D _{4 are} turned on, and the third forward conducting element D _{3 is} turned on. The fifth forward conduction element D _{5 is} turned off. The second voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₂ is charged, and the remaining components operate in the same manner as state three. When at time t _4, across capacitor C _e to stop charging end state IV.

State 5: [ t ₄ t t ₅ ]: Referring to FIG. 8 , the switching element S _{1 is} turned off, the third forward conducting element D ₃ , and the fifth forward conducting element D _{5 are} turned on, the first forward conducting element D ₁ and the second forward conducting element D ₂ The fourth forward conduction element D _{4 is} turned off. At this time, the voltage across the magnetizing inductance L _m is the mapped voltage of the voltage v _{N 1} of the first winding N ₁ Therefore, in the demagnetization state, the capacitor C _{e is} discharged and the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C _{1 is} charged, and the energy stored in the leakage inductances L _{k 1} , L _{k 2} , L _{k 3} is discharged to the load R ₀ , and The energy required for the load R _{0 is} provided by the input voltage V _i , the energy transfer capacitor C _e , the magnetizing inductance L _{m ,} and the third stabilizing capacitor C ₃ . At time t ₅ , the second stabilizing capacitor C ₂ stops charging, and the leakage inductances L _{k 1} , L _{k 2} , L _{k 3} are all released, and the state is ended.

State six [ t ₅ t t ₆ ]: Referring to FIG. 9 , the switching element S _{1 is} turned off, the third forward conducting element D ₃ , and the fourth forward conducting element D _{4 are} turned on, and the first forward conducting element D ₁ and the second forward conducting element D _{2 are} turned on. The fifth forward conduction element D _{5 is} turned off. The second voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₂ discharges the load R ₀ , and the remaining components operate in the same manner as the state 5 . When at time t _6, the leakage inductance _{L k 1, L k 2,} L k 3 have switched discharging is completed, the end state VI.

State seven [ t ₆ t t ₇ ]: Referring to FIG. 10, the switching element S _{1 is} turned off, the third forward conducting element D ₃ , and the fourth forward conducting element D _{4 are} turned on, the first forward conducting element D ₁ and the second forward conducting element D ₂ The fifth forward conduction element D _{5 is} turned off. The component operates in the same way as state 6. When at time t _7, the third capacitor C ₃ to stop providing regulated power to the load R _0, end state VII.

State eight [ t ₇ t t ₈ ]: Referring to FIG. 11 , the switching element S _{1 is} turned off, the third forward conducting element D ₃ , and the fifth forward conducting element D _{5 are} turned on, and the first forward conducting element D ₁ and the second forward conducting element D _{2 are} turned on. The fourth forward conduction element D _{4 is} turned off. The magnetizing inductance L _m charges the third stabilizing capacitor C ₃ , and the energy required to load R _{0 is} provided by the input voltage V _i , the jumper capacitor C _e , the magnetizing inductance L _m and the second stabilizing capacitor C ₂ . When at time t _8, a first regulator stops charging the capacitor C _1, the states of the eight ends.

State nine [ t ₈ t t ₉ ]: Referring to FIG. 12, the switching element S _{1 is} turned off, the third forward conducting element D ₃ , and the fifth forward conducting element D _{5 are} turned on, the first forward conducting element D ₁ and the second forward conducting element D ₂ The fourth forward conduction element D _{4 is} turned off. The magnetizing inductance L _m charges the third stabilizing capacitor C ₃ , and the energy required for the load R _{0 is} composed of the input voltage V _i , the jump capacitor C _e , the exciting inductor L _m and the first stabilizing capacitor C ₁ , and the second The voltage regulator capacitor C ₂ is provided. When at time t _9, the input voltage V _i and the energy transfer capacitance C _e stops supplying energy to the load R _0, the state of the end nine.

State ten [ t ₉ t t ₀ + T _s ]: Referring to Fig. 13, the switching element S _{1 is} turned off, the first forward conducting element D ₁ , the second forward conducting element D ₂ , the third forward conducting element D ₃ , and the fourth forward conducting element D _{4 is} turned off, and the fifth forward conducting element D _{5 is} turned on. The magnetizing inductance L _m charges the third stabilizing capacitor C ₃ and supplies the energy required to load R ₀ with the first stabilizing capacitor C ₁ and the second stabilizing capacitor C ₂ . When at time t ₀ + T _s, the switching element S ₁ is turned on, the end of the ten state, back to a state, to complete a cycle period.

In order to simplify the analysis, the voltage conversion ratio calculation of the present embodiment does not consider the leakage inductances L _{k 1} , L _{k 2} , and L _{k 3} , so the interval of the state one, the state two, the state five, and the state six is ignored.

Referring to FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , it can be seen that the equation corresponding to state three and state four is formula (1), where n is the turns ratio of the third winding N ₃ and the first winding N ₁ , and the third winding N The number of turns of ₃ is greater than the number of turns of the first winding N ₁ .

It can be seen from Fig. 10, Fig. 11, Fig. 12 and Fig. 13 that the equation corresponding to state seven, state eight, state nine and state ten is equation (2).

Wherein, as shown in equation _{(3), V Ce = V} i (3)

Then formula (2) can be rewritten as formula (4).

By the voltage across the magnetizing inductance L _m in the steady state, it is necessary to meet the volt-second balance, and D is the duty cycle of the switching element S ₁ , and the formula (5) can be obtained.

After formulating the formula, you can get the formula (6).

The output voltage is formed by superposing the first stabilizing capacitor C ₁ , the second stabilizing capacitor C ₂ , and the third stabilizing capacitor C ₃ , that is, the formula (7).

V _o = V _{C 1} + V _{C 2} + V _{C 3} (7)

Substituting equations (1), (4), and (6) into equation (7) yields equation (8).

Substituting equation (6) into equation (8) yields a voltage conversion ratio as in equation (9). .

The boundary condition of the magnetizing inductance L _m is assumed to have no loss during power conversion, 2 I _Lm When Δ i _Lm , the magnetizing inductance L _m will operate in continuous conduction mode, ie among them, And .

See Figure 14, when K At K _crit ( D ), the magnetizing inductance L _m operates in continuous conduction mode (CCM); otherwise, it operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). Therefore, a boundary curve of the operating mode of the magnetizing inductance L _m can be drawn.

EXAMPLE circuit specification of the present embodiment: (i) the input voltage is 12V; (ii) the output voltage of 120V; (iii) the rated output current of 0.5A, the minimum output current of 0.05A; (iv) S ₁ is the switching element The switching frequency is 100 kHz; (v) the switching element S _{1 is} of the type STP120NF10; (vi) the first forward conduction element D ₁ and the second forward conduction element D _{2 are} of the type MBRH2060CT; (vii) the third forward conduction The component D ₃ , the fourth forward conducting component D ₄ , and the fifth forward conducting component D ₅ are V20120C; (viii) the capacitance of the jump capacitor C _e is 470 μF; (ix) the first voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₁ , The capacitance value of the second voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₂ and the third voltage stabilizing capacitor C ₃ is 100 μF; (x) the FPGA controller is EP1C3T100. The analog waveform of the component according to the specification is as shown in Figs. 15 to 20 .

In summary, the high-boost circuit 100 of the present invention boosts the voltage conversion ratio by the first winding N ₁ , the second winding N ₂ and the third winding N ₃ , and the first winding N ₁ and the second winding The N ₂ and the third winding N _{3 are} wound on the same magnetic element, so that the volume of the overall circuit can be reduced. In addition, the leakage inductance energy of the coupled inductor can be recovered, so that the object of the present invention can be achieved.

However, the above is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made by the patent application scope and the patent specification of the present invention are still It is within the scope of the patent of the present invention.

100‧‧‧High boost circuit

21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 111, 141, 151 ‧ ‧ first end

22, 32, 42, 52, 62, 72, 112, 142, 152‧‧‧ second end

C _e ‧‧‧Span capacitor

C ₁ ‧‧‧First Stabilized Capacitor

C ₂ ‧‧‧Second voltage regulator

C ₃ ‧‧‧third voltage regulator

D ₁ ‧‧‧First forward conduction component

D ₂ ‧‧‧second forward conduction component

D ₃ ‧‧‧third forward conduction component

D ₄ ‧‧‧fourth forward conduction component

D ₅ ‧‧‧ fifth forward conduction component

N ₁ ‧‧‧first winding

N ₂ ‧‧‧second winding

N ₃ ‧‧‧third winding

L _m ‧‧‧Magnetic inductance

L _{k 1} , L _{k 2} , L _{k 3} ‧‧‧ leakage inductance

R ₀ ‧‧‧load

S ₁ ‧‧‧Switching elements

V _i ‧‧‧ input voltage

V _o ‧‧‧output voltage

Claims (3)

A high-boost type circuit electrically connected between a power supply and a load, the high-boost type circuit comprising: a first winding having a first end and a second end electrically connected to the power source; a forward conducting component having a first end and a second end electrically connected to the power source; a second forward conducting component having a first end electrically connected to the second end of the first winding and a first end a second end; a second end having a first end electrically connected to the second end of the first forward conducting element; and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the second forward conducting element a jumper capacitor electrically connected between the second end of the first winding and the second end of the first forward conducting component; a switching component having a second with the second forward conducting component a first end of the electrical connection and a grounded second end; a third forward conducting component having a first end electrically coupled to the second end of the second winding and a second electrically coupled to the load a fourth forward conducting component having a first electrical connection to the second end of the third forward conducting component And a second end; a third winding having a first end and a second end electrically connected to the second end of the fourth forward conducting component; a fifth forward conducting component having a first a first end electrically connected to the second end of the four-way conducting component and a second electrically connected to the load a first voltage stabilizing capacitor, one end of which is grounded; a second voltage stabilizing capacitor, two ends of which are respectively electrically connected to the second end of the third winding and the other end of the first stabilizing capacitor; and a third stabilizing capacitor The two ends are electrically connected to the second end of the fifth forward conducting component and the second end of the third winding, respectively. The high-boost type circuit of claim 1, wherein the power supply provides an input voltage V _i , and the output of the high-boost type circuit generates an output voltage V _o , where D is a duty cycle of the switching element. n is a turns ratio of the third winding and the first winding, and the number of turns of the third winding is greater than the number of turns of the first winding, and the voltage conversion ratio of the high step-up circuit is . The high-boost type circuit of claim 1, wherein the first winding, the second winding, and the third winding are wound on the same magnetic element.