TW201521855A - Wet-film particle impactor - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種微粒採樣器，特別係關於一種微粒衝擊器。 This invention relates to a particulate sampler, and more particularly to a particulate impactor.
隨著越來越多的奈米產品問世，在製造及使用過程中，奈米微粒可能會逸散或釋出。許多研究結果顯示，人體所吸入的奈米微粒會對健康造成影響，而為了評估工作場所中的奈米微粒對於相關從業人員的健康危害，採集不同粒徑之奈米微粒並進行後續成分分析是必要的。 As more and more nano-products come out, nanoparticles may escape or release during manufacturing and use. Many studies have shown that the nanoparticles inhaled by the human body have an impact on health, and in order to assess the health hazards of the nanoparticles in the workplace for the relevant practitioners, the collection of nanoparticles of different particle sizes and subsequent component analysis is necessary.
微粒衝擊器(particle impactor)係一種常見的微粒收集裝置，其係於噴嘴後方設置一與氣流方向垂直的衝擊板，藉此氣流中較大的微粒將因慣性而撞擊衝擊板，進而被加以收集。 A particle impactor is a common particle collection device that is disposed behind the nozzle with an impact plate perpendicular to the direction of the airflow, whereby larger particles in the airflow will impact the impact plate due to inertia and be collected. .
然而，這些撞擊衝擊板的微粒也有可能發生彈跳的情形，導致無法被衝擊板所收集，如此將造成衝擊板的收集效率下降。除此之外，隨著時間經過，衝擊板上會逐漸累積微粒，這些累積在衝擊板上的微粒也會增加微粒彈跳的情形，從而減低衝擊板繼續收集微粒的效率。 However, these particles colliding with the impact plate may also bounce, resulting in the inability to be collected by the impact plate, which will result in a decrease in the collection efficiency of the impact plate. In addition, as time passes, the impact plate will gradually accumulate particles, and the particles accumulated on the impact plate will also increase the bounce of the particles, thereby reducing the efficiency of the impact plate to continue collecting particles.
有鑑於此，本發明之主要目的之一係提供一種可降低微粒彈跳情形之微粒衝擊器。 In view of the above, one of the main objects of the present invention is to provide a particle impactor that can reduce the bouncing of particles.
本發明之另一目的係提供一種可使衝擊表面保持無微粒負荷狀態之微粒衝擊器。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a particle impactor that maintains the impact surface in a particulate-free state.
為了達成前述及其他目的，本發明提供一種水膜式微粒衝擊器，其包括一本體、一噴頭及一衝擊表面，該本體定義一腔室且具有一氣流出口及一水流出口各別與該腔室連通，該噴頭設於該本體並具有若干噴嘴連通一氣流入口及該腔室，該衝擊表面係位於該腔室並正對該些噴嘴， 該衝擊表面上具有一水流入口供水流入該腔室；藉此，空氣可依序經由氣流入口及噴嘴進入腔室，空氣中的至少部分微粒會被衝擊表面所收集，而後空氣經由本體的氣流出口排出，自該水流入口流入腔室的水則於沖洗衝擊表面之微粒後與微粒一併由本體的水流出口流出。 In order to achieve the foregoing and other objects, the present invention provides a water film type particle impactor comprising a body, a shower head and an impact surface, the body defining a chamber and having an air outlet and a water outlet respectively. The chamber is connected to the body, and the nozzle is disposed on the body and has a plurality of nozzles connected to a gas flow inlet and the chamber, the impact surface being located in the chamber and facing the nozzles, The impact surface has a water inlet inlet water supply into the chamber; thereby, air can enter the chamber sequentially through the gas flow inlet and the nozzle, at least part of the particles in the air are collected by the impact surface, and then the air is exhausted through the body. The water that has flowed into the chamber from the water inlet is discharged from the water outlet of the body together with the particles after rinsing the particles on the impact surface.
藉由在衝擊表面開設水流入口，自水流入口流入的水可被通過噴嘴的高速空氣吹散而以水珠或水膜的型態分佈於衝擊表面，如此空氣中的微粒與水珠/水膜撞擊時可減少彈跳的情形，同時水珠/水膜也可沖洗衝擊表面而將衝擊表面所收集的微粒帶走，使衝擊表面可以保持在幾乎無微粒負荷的狀態，改善因微粒累積而造成的彈跳情形。 By opening a water inlet at the impact surface, water flowing in from the water inlet can be blown off by the high-speed air passing through the nozzle and distributed on the impact surface in the form of water droplets or water film, such that particles and water/water film in the air The impact can reduce the bounce, and the water/water film can also wash the impact surface and carry away the particles collected by the impact surface, so that the impact surface can be kept in a state of almost no particle load, improving the accumulation of particles. Bouncing situation.
10‧‧‧本體 10‧‧‧ Ontology
11‧‧‧腔室 11‧‧‧ chamber
12‧‧‧氣流出口 12‧‧‧Airflow exit
13‧‧‧水流出口 13‧‧‧Water outlet
20‧‧‧噴頭 20‧‧‧ sprinkler
21‧‧‧噴嘴 21‧‧‧ nozzle
22‧‧‧氣流入口 22‧‧‧Air inlet
30‧‧‧衝擊表面 30‧‧‧ impact surface
31‧‧‧水流入口 31‧‧‧ water inlet
第1圖係本發明水膜式微粒衝擊器之結構示意圖。 Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a water film type particle impactor of the present invention.
第2圖係在有沖洗水和無沖洗水的條件下，衝擊器的微粒收集效率與微粒直徑的關係圖。 Figure 2 is a plot of particle collection efficiency versus particle diameter for impactor with flushing water and no flushing water.
第3圖係在有沖洗水和無沖洗水的條件下，衝擊器的微粒收集效率與時間的關係圖。 Figure 3 is a plot of particle collection efficiency versus time for impactor with flushing water and no flushing water.
請參考第1圖，在本發明的較佳實施例中，一種水膜式微粒衝擊器包括一本體10、一噴頭20及一衝擊表面30，該水膜式微粒衝擊器係用以收集空氣中的微粒，特別是可用以收集具有特定粒徑的微粒；本發明的水膜式微粒衝擊器可單獨使用，亦可與旋風式集塵器、濾紙匣等其他微粒採樣器搭配使用。 Referring to FIG. 1 , in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water film type particle impactor includes a body 10, a spray head 20 and an impact surface 30 for collecting air. The particles, in particular, can be used to collect particles having a specific particle size; the water film type particle impactor of the present invention can be used alone or in combination with other particle samplers such as a cyclone dust collector or a filter paper.
該本體10內部定義一腔室11，且該本體10具有一氣流出口12及一水流出口13分別與該腔室11連通。 The body 10 defines a chamber 11 therein, and the body 10 has an air outlet 12 and a water outlet 13 respectively communicating with the chamber 11.
該噴頭20係設於該本體10並具有若干噴嘴21，各噴嘴21具有一微孔而連通一氣流入口22及該腔室11。 The nozzle 20 is disposed on the body 10 and has a plurality of nozzles 21. Each of the nozzles 21 has a microhole communicating with an airflow inlet 22 and the chamber 11.
該衝擊表面30係位於該腔室11並正對該些噴嘴21，衝擊表面30上具有至少一水流入口31供超純水等沖洗水流入腔室11。在本實施例中，衝擊表面30係形成於本體10圍構該腔室11的其中一壁面上，惟 在其他可能的實施例中，衝擊表面30也可能形成於一獨立於本體10之衝擊板(未繪示)上。 The impact surface 30 is located in the chamber 11 and faces the nozzles 21, and the impact surface 30 has at least one water inlet 31 for flushing water such as ultrapure water to flow into the chamber 11. In this embodiment, the impact surface 30 is formed on one of the walls of the body 11 surrounding the chamber 11, In other possible embodiments, the impact surface 30 may also be formed on an impact plate (not shown) that is separate from the body 10.
藉由前述設計，空氣可以依序經由氣流入口22及噴嘴21進入腔室11，在氣流流動方向改變的過程中，至少部分微粒將因慣性撞擊該衝擊表面30而被加以收集，而後氣流可經由本體10的氣流出口12排出本體10，自該水流入口31流入的超純水則會被通過噴嘴21的高速氣流吹散而分佈於衝擊表面30，於沖洗衝擊表面30的同時也會一併將衝擊表面30上的微粒由本體10的水流出口13帶出，從而製備含有微粒的水樣，並透過離子層析儀分析水樣以得到不同粒徑的微粒及各種水溶性離子的濃度。 With the foregoing design, air can enter the chamber 11 through the airflow inlet 22 and the nozzle 21 in sequence. During the change of the airflow direction, at least part of the particles will be collected by inertial impact on the impact surface 30, and then the airflow can be The air outlet 12 of the body 10 is discharged from the body 10, and the ultrapure water flowing from the water inlet 31 is dispersed by the high-speed airflow passing through the nozzle 21 to be distributed on the impact surface 30, and the impact surface 30 is flushed and The particles on the impact surface 30 are taken up by the water outlet 13 of the body 10 to prepare a water sample containing the particles, and the water sample is analyzed by an ion chromatograph to obtain particles of different particle sizes and concentrations of various water-soluble ions.
為了避免超純水在衝擊表面30上累積，本實施例噴嘴21之延伸方向係設計呈水平，該衝擊表面30則與該些噴嘴21的延伸方向垂直，藉此衝擊表面30上的超純水即可因重力而自然落下，不會於衝擊表面30上累積，而本體10的水流出口13較佳則是位於衝擊表面30下方，使含有微粒的水樣容易自腔室11流出。其中，氣流出口12及水流出口13係與噴嘴21的延伸方向垂直，且在該延伸方向上，氣流出口12較水流出口13更靠近氣流入口22。 In order to prevent the ultrapure water from accumulating on the impact surface 30, the extending direction of the nozzle 21 of the present embodiment is designed to be horizontal, and the impact surface 30 is perpendicular to the extending direction of the nozzles 21, thereby impinging ultrapure water on the surface 30. It can be naturally dropped by gravity and does not accumulate on the impact surface 30, and the water outlet 13 of the body 10 is preferably located below the impact surface 30, so that the water sample containing the particles easily flows out of the chamber 11. The air outlet 12 and the water outlet 13 are perpendicular to the extending direction of the nozzle 21, and in the extending direction, the air outlet 12 is closer to the air inlet 22 than the water outlet 13.
又，為了讓自水流入口31流入腔室11的沖洗水可以形成均勻分佈的水珠或水膜，該水流入口31的延伸方向也可設計呈水平並正對該些噴嘴21；在衝擊表面30僅形成一水流入口31的場合，該水流入口31可設置於該些噴嘴21分佈區域的幾何中心；或者，於該衝擊表面30也可形成複數水流入口31，甚至設置與噴嘴21數量相符且位置相對的多個水流入口31，以獲得良好的微粒沖洗及收集效果。 Moreover, in order to allow the flushing water flowing into the chamber 11 from the water inlet 31 to form a uniformly distributed water or water film, the direction of extension of the water inlet 31 may also be designed to be horizontal and directed to the nozzles 21; In the case where only one water inflow port 31 is formed, the water inflow port 31 may be disposed at a geometric center of the distribution area of the nozzles 21; alternatively, the plurality of water inflow ports 31 may be formed on the impact surface 30, even if the number of the nozzles 21 is matched and the position is set. A plurality of water inlets 31 are opposed to achieve good particle washing and collection.
為了驗證本發明具有較佳的收集效率，本案發明人進行了下列測試：空氣流量Q設定為2.0L/min，並具有5個直徑Dn為0.3mm的噴嘴21、及一個直徑0.3mm且位於該些噴嘴21分佈區域(直徑約2.2mm)幾何中心的水流出口31，噴嘴21直徑與噴嘴21至衝擊表面30的距離比值(S/W值)為5；在實驗組中，沖洗水流量Qw設定為3.3L/min，而在對照組中，沖洗水流量Qw則設定為0L/min。 In order to verify that the present invention has a better collection efficiency, the inventors of the present invention conducted the following tests: air flow rate Q was set to 2.0 L/min, and had five nozzles 21 having a diameter D n of 0.3 mm, and a diameter of 0.3 mm and located. The nozzles 21 distribute the water flow outlet 31 of the geometric center of the region (about 2.2 mm in diameter), and the ratio of the diameter of the nozzle 21 to the distance from the nozzle 21 to the impact surface 30 (S/W value) is 5; in the experimental group, the flushing water flow rate Q w was set to 3.3 L/min, and in the control group, the flushing water flow rate Q w was set to 0 L/min.
測試結果如第2圖所示，在沒有注入沖洗水的條件下，衝擊 器對500nm以上的微粒的收集效率僅約50-60%，但在加入沖洗水後，即可將收集效率提升至95%以上，表示於衝擊表面導入沖洗水能有效避免微粒彈跳，並可將微粒沖洗掉並加以收集。 The test results are shown in Figure 2, and the impact is not injected without flushing water. The collection efficiency of particles above 500nm is only about 50-60%, but after adding flushing water, the collection efficiency can be increased to over 95%, which means that the introduction of flushing water on the impact surface can effectively avoid particle bounce and can The particles are rinsed off and collected.
本研究也以前述條件取粒徑大於500nm的微粒進行微粒負荷實驗，測試結果如第3圖所示，本發明的水膜式微粒衝擊器隨著時間經過後，收集效率並無太大改變，表示本發明的衝擊表面是恆保持於無微粒負荷的狀態；另一方面，未導入沖洗水的對照組則在測試初期即有微粒彈跳的現象發生，導致收集效率遠低於本發明的水膜式微粒衝擊器。 In this study, the particles with particle diameters larger than 500 nm were taken for the particle load test under the above conditions. The test results are shown in Fig. 3. The water-membrane particle impactor of the present invention did not change much after the passage of time. It is shown that the impact surface of the present invention is kept in a state of no particulate load; on the other hand, the control group which has not introduced the flushing water has a phenomenon of particle bounce at the initial stage of the test, resulting in a collection efficiency much lower than that of the water film of the present invention. Particle impactor.
由前述說明可知，本發明藉由在衝擊表面開設水流入口，可以有效減少微粒彈跳的問題發生，從而顯著提高衝擊器的收集效率，同時沖洗水又可持續地將衝擊表面所收集的微粒帶走，使衝擊表面可以保持在幾乎無微粒負荷的狀態，改善因微粒累積而造成的彈跳情形。顯見，本發明確實可以有效改善習用衝擊器所常見的若干缺失，達到精準的微粒採樣目的。 It can be seen from the foregoing description that the present invention can effectively reduce the occurrence of particle bounce by opening a water inlet at the impact surface, thereby significantly improving the collection efficiency of the impactor, and the rinse water can continuously carry away the particles collected by the impact surface. The impact surface can be maintained in a state of almost no particulate load, improving the bounce situation caused by the accumulation of particles. Obviously, the present invention can effectively improve a number of defects commonly found in conventional impactors, and achieve accurate particle sampling purposes.
最後，必須再次說明的是，本發明於前揭實施例中所揭露的構成元件僅為舉例說明，並非用來限制本案之範圍，其他等效元件的替代或變化，亦應為本案之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 Finally, it should be noted that the constituent elements disclosed in the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Alternatives or variations of other equivalent elements should also be applied for in this case. Covered by the scope.
10‧‧‧本體 10‧‧‧ Ontology
11‧‧‧腔室 11‧‧‧ chamber
12‧‧‧氣流出口 12‧‧‧Airflow exit
13‧‧‧水流出口 13‧‧‧Water outlet
20‧‧‧噴頭 20‧‧‧ sprinkler
21‧‧‧噴嘴 21‧‧‧ nozzle
22‧‧‧氣流入口 22‧‧‧Air inlet
30‧‧‧衝擊表面 30‧‧‧ impact surface
31‧‧‧水流入口 31‧‧‧ water inlet
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| TW102146194A TWI511770B (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Wet-film particle impactor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW102146194A TWI511770B (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2013-12-13 | Wet-film particle impactor |
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| TWI511770B TWI511770B (en) | 2015-12-11 |
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| CN111474018A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2020-07-31 | 国际环境科技有限公司 | Suspended particle impact plate and suspended particle diameter-dividing sampler |
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| TWI638683B (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2018-10-21 | 國立交通大學 | Inertial impactor with a wetted impaction plate to prevent particle loading effect |
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