TW201519768A - 含三嗪酮除草劑及ａｌｓ抑制劑除草劑之除草組成物及其用途 - Google Patents
含三嗪酮除草劑及ａｌｓ抑制劑除草劑之除草組成物及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201519768A TW201519768A TW103140911A TW103140911A TW201519768A TW 201519768 A TW201519768 A TW 201519768A TW 103140911 A TW103140911 A TW 103140911A TW 103140911 A TW103140911 A TW 103140911A TW 201519768 A TW201519768 A TW 201519768A
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- herbicide
- ketone
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/707—1,2,3- or 1,2,4-triazines; Hydrogenated 1,2,3- or 1,2,4-triazines
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Abstract
本發明涉及一種含ALS抑制劑型除草劑和三嗪酮除草劑的除草劑組合物，該組合物能夠減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑對作物的植物毒性。
Description
本發明涉及一種防治有害植物生長的方法，該方法使用一種含ALS抑制劑型除草劑和三嗪酮除草劑的除草劑組合物。
有害植物生長會導致作物產量大幅減少。因此，要取得作物豐收，防治有害作物生長非常重要，而且要持續防治農田中的有害植物。
ALS抑制劑型除草劑可用來防治有害植物生長。例如，ALS抑制劑型除草劑包括磺醯脲類除草劑，如醯嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、芐嘧磺隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧(chlorimuron)、環丙醚磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、嘧啶磺隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶黃隆(flupyrsulfuron)、甲醯胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron)、唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron)、甲硫嘧磺隆(methiopyrisulfuron)、單嘧磺隆(monosulfuron)、煙嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron)、环氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧磺隆(primisulfuron)、咪唑嘧磺隆(propyrisulfuron)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron)、砜嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron)、磺醯磺隆(sulfosulfuron)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、唑嘧磺隆(zuomihuanglong)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron)、碘甲磺隆(iodosulfuron)、iofensulfuron、甲磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、氟磺隆
(prosulfuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、苯磺隆(tribenuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、甲磺隆(metasulfuronmethyl)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、clopyrasulfuron和甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron-methyl)。
上述除草劑、其生產流程、含上述除草劑的除草劑組合物
及其除草劑應用在該技術領域屬已知知識，並在英國作物保護委員會1991年《農藥手冊》第九版中(the Pesticide Manual,9th edition(1991),The British Crop protection Council,London)、Ag Chem New Product Review、Ag Chem Information Services、Indianapolis,Ind.及類似文獻中記載。
然而，ALS抑制劑型除草劑，例如磺醯脲類除草劑，可能
對作物產生植物毒性。向日葵是其中一種對ALS抑制劑型除草劑敏感的作物，會出現頂芽發育遲緩、變色和斷根(Alonso-Prados et al.,2002)。除草劑的植物毒性會影響作物的生長，甚至死亡。因此，人們需要一種不含植物毒性或少量植物毒性且能高效防治有害植物生長的組合物。
令人驚訝地，現已發現含三嗪酮除草劑和ALS抑制劑型除
草劑的本發明除草組合物能夠減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑對飼料作物等作物的植物性毒性，例如甘蔗，而其防治有害植物生長的藥效不會減少。
因此本發明涉及一種即能防治有害植物生長又能減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑植物毒性的方法。該方法包括向作物或其位置施用含三嗪酮除草劑和ALS抑制劑型除草劑的組合物。
本發明上下文中所述的「植物毒性」涉及所有阻礙作物正常發育的除草劑影響。除草劑的植物毒性可能會抑制作物生長，甚至造成作物死亡。因此要保持作物健康，則需要無植物毒性或少量植物毒性的除草劑。
含ALS抑制劑型除草劑的三嗪酮除草劑可按任何順序及組合連續或同時施用。三嗪酮除草劑可與ALS抑制劑型除草劑單獨混合(包括桶混劑、預混劑、發酵液噴霧或漿料方式)施用，並且可任意加入其他農藥，例如其他殺菌劑、殺蟲劑及殺線蟲劑，或者以混合藥劑方式施用(包
括預混劑、濃縮劑、復配劑(或產品))，並且可任意混入其他農藥，例如其他殺菌劑、殺蟲劑和殺線蟲劑。
一方面，本發明所提供的除草劑組合物由以下成分組成：(A)三嗪酮除草劑；及(B)ALS抑制劑型除草劑；其中，三嗪酮除草劑能減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑對作物的植物毒性。另一方面，本發明提供一種減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑對作物植物毒性的方法，內容包括：向作物或其位置施用含以下成分的除草劑組合物：(A)三嗪酮除草劑；及(B)ALS抑制劑型除草劑。
在本發明的一些具體實施例中，三嗪酮除草劑可以選擇胺酮(ametridione)、特草酮(amibuzin)、乙草酮(ethiozin)、環酮(hexazinone)、丁草酮(isomethiozin)、苯草酮(metamitron)及草酮(metribuzin)。環酮可用來防治一年生和兩年生雜草。
在本發明的另一些具體實施例中揭露的ALS抑制劑對闊葉雜草和禾本科雜草都具有廣譜除草活性。根據化合物的具體結構，單個作物有廣泛的選擇性。
ALS抑制劑型除草劑可以是磺醯脲類除草劑，如嘧磺隆、metasulfuron、甲磺隆、胺苯磺隆、煙嘧磺隆、醚苯磺隆、氟嘧黃隆、芐嘧磺隆、氯嘧磺、氯嘧磺隆、氯磺隆、噻吩磺隆、苯磺隆、氟胺磺隆、磺隆游離酸、吡嘧磺隆、嘧磺隆和甲嘧磺隆；磺胺類除草劑，如唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)；以及咪唑啉酮類除草劑，如滅草喹(imazaquin)、咪草酯(imazamethabenz)、滅草煙(imazapyr)、imazmethapyr和咪草煙(imazethapyr)。
磺醯脲類除草劑是一種農業上用來防治有害植物的化合物，特點是具有高除草活性和低人畜毒性。它們一般包含一個磺醯脲鏈(-SO2NHCONH-)連接兩個芳烴環或芳雜環。甲嘧磺隆是一種在市場上可以買到的磺醯脲類除草劑，用來防治工業雜草、路邊和鐵軌上雜草，以及用作甘蔗催熟劑。甲磺隆是一種磺醯脲類除草劑，用來防治小麥、大麥、水稻、燕麥田中的一年生和多年生闊葉雜草。
本發明中ALS抑制劑優選甲磺隆、嘧磺隆和甲嘧磺隆。本
發明中三嗪酮除草劑優選環酮。因此特優選組合物為環酮與甲磺隆；環酮與嘧磺隆；及環酮與甲嘧磺隆。
通常，除草劑組合物的施用率依組成物中的具體活性成分、
雜草種類、作物種類、土壤類型、季節、氣候、土壤生態雞各種其他因素而定。組合物在一定條件下的施用率可通過試驗預先確定。
由組分(A)三嗪酮除草劑；及(B)ALS抑制劑型除草劑組成的
除草劑組合物的施用率可以介於約50至6000g/ha、50至3000g/ha、100至2000g/ha、100至1000g/ha、200至1000g/ha、300至1000g/ha、400至800g/ha、400至600g/ha或450g/ha。在本發明的一些具體實施例中，由環酮與甲磺隆、嘧磺隆或甲嘧磺隆組成的除草劑組合物的施用率範圍為300至1000g/ha、400至800g/ha、400至600g/ha或450g/ha。
通常，就共同施用率而言，環酮除草劑為250至6000g/ha，
或250至3000g/ha，或由其是300至2000g/ha，或300至1000g/ha，或300至600g/ha；ALS抑制劑型除草劑為5至630g/ha，尤其是30至150g/ha。
在本發明的其他具體實施例中，就共同施用率而言，環酮、嘧磺隆或甲嘧磺隆為300至600g/ha及甲磺隆為30至150g/ha。在本發明的一些具體實施例中，就共同施用率而言，三嗪酮為300至500g/ha，甲磺隆、嘧磺隆或甲嘧磺隆為30至80g/ha。
通常，三嗪酮除草劑與ALS抑制劑型除草劑的重量比介於
25：1至1：25、10：1至1：10、7：1至1：7或3：1至1：3。在本發明的一些具體實施例中，三嗪酮與ALS抑制劑型除草劑的重量比為25：1、10：1、7：1、3：1、2：1或1：1。在本發明的另一些具體實施例中，三嗪酮除草劑與ALS抑制劑型除草劑的重量比為1：25、1：10、1：7、1：3、1：2或1：1。在本發明的一些具體實施例中，三嗪酮除草劑與ALS抑制型除草劑的重量比可以是10：1。在本發明的另一些具體實施例中，環酮與甲磺隆、嘧磺隆或甲嘧磺隆的重量比範圍為25：1至1：25、10：1至1：10、7：1至1：7或3：1至1：3。在本發明的一些具體實施例中，環酮與甲磺隆、嘧磺隆或甲嘧磺隆的重量比為10：1。
在本發明的一些具體實施例中，組分(A)和組分(B)的總量在除草劑組合物中的總重量比為5%至99%，優選50%至99%、70%至99%、80%至99%或80%至90%。
該除草劑組合物還可以添加一種或以上農業上允許的助劑。組合物中使用的助劑及其分量依最終使用者採用的藥劑類型及/或藥劑的施用方式而定。適合的助劑為常用藥劑助劑或成分，如分散劑、潤濕劑、填充劑、載體、溶劑、表面活性劑、穩定劑、消泡劑、防凍劑、防腐劑、抗氧劑、著色劑、增稠劑、固體粘合劑及惰性填料。該等助劑在該領域為已知技術且價格便宜。該領域的技術人員熟悉如何在本發明組合物藥劑中使用這些助劑。
本發明除草劑組合物可以包含一種或以上的分散劑。該領域已知適合的分散劑可於商業上取得。適合的分散劑包括，但不限於，Dispersogen®1494、木質磺酸鈉、磺化芳族聚合物、鈉鹽和脂肪醇聚乙二醇醚。
本發明除草劑組合物可以包含一種或以上濕潤劑。該領域已知適合的濕潤劑可於商業上取得。適合的濕潤劑包括，但不限於，甲基油醯基牛磺酸鈉、辛基苯氧基聚乙氧基乙醇、壬基苯氧基聚乙氧基乙醇、二辛基磺基琥珀酸鈉、十二烷基芐基磺酸鈉、月桂基磺酸鈉、烷基萘磺酸鈉、磺化烷基羧酸鈉和烷基萘磺酸鈉
本發明除草劑組合物可以包含一種或以上溶劑。溶劑可以是有機或無機。適合的溶劑可以是該領域中的常用溶劑，該溶劑可以完全溶解使用的農化活性物質。適合的溶劑在該領域中為已知溶劑，並且可於商業上取得。適合的溶劑包括水、芳烴溶劑，如二甲苯(如購買SolvessoTM溶劑產品)、礦物油、動物油、植物油；酒精，如甲醇、丁醇、戊醇及芐醇；酮類，如環己酮和γ-丁內酯；吡咯酮，如NMP及NOP；乙酸酯類，如乙二醇二乙酸酯、丙二醇、脂肪酸二甲基胺、脂肪酸及脂肪酸脂。
除草劑組合物還可以包含一種或以上表面活性劑。該領域中已知的適合的表面活性劑包括，但不限於鹼金屬、木素磺酸、萘磺酸、苯酚磺酸、二丁基萘磺酸、烷基芳基磺酸鹽、烷基硫酸鹽、烷基磺酸鹽、芳基磺酸鹽、脂肪醇硫酸鹽、脂肪酸和硫酸化脂肪醇乙二醇醚的鹼土金屬和
銨鹽，此外還有磺化萘縮合物和與甲醛萘衍生物、萘磺酸與苯酚、辛基苯酚、壬基苯酚、烷基苯基聚乙二醇醚、三丁基苯基聚乙二醇醚、三硬脂聚乙二醇醚、烷基芳基聚醚醇、醇和脂肪醇/環氧乙烷縮合物、乙氧基化蓖麻油、聚氧乙烯烷基萘或縮合醚、乙氧基化聚氧丙烯、月桂醇聚乙二醇醚縮醛、山梨醇酯、木素亞硫酸鹽廢液和甲基纖維素和環氧乙烷/環氧丙烷嵌段共聚物。適合的表面活性劑可在市場購買。
本發明除草劑組合物還可以包含一種或以上聚合物穩定劑。
本發明中可以使用的適合的聚合物穩定劑包括，但不限於聚丙烯、聚異丁烯、聚異戊二烯、單烯烴和二烯烴、聚丙烯酸酯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚氨酯或聚醯胺的共聚物。該領域中已知的適合的穩定劑可於商業上取得。
本發明除草劑組合物還可以包含一種或以上的消泡劑。適合
的消泡劑包括農化組合物中常用的消泡物質，並且是該領域中的專業人員熟悉的物質。適合的消泡劑在該領域為已知藥劑且可於商業上取得。消泡劑特優選為聚二甲基矽氧烷和過氟烷基磷酸，如有機矽消泡劑(如購買GE或Compton)。例如，另一種消泡劑為脂肪酸、牛脂、鈉鹽。
本發明除草劑組合物還可以包含一種或以上防腐劑。適合的
防腐劑包括該類型農化組合物中常用的防腐物質，並且也是該領域的已知藥劑。可以在此提及的適合的防腐劑包括PREVENTOL®(如購買Bayer AG)及PROXEL®(如購買Bayer AG)。
本發明除草劑組合物還可以包含一種或以上抗氧劑。適合的抗氧劑為農化組合物中常用的抗氧化物質，並且是該領域中的已知藥劑。例如，優選為二丁基羥基甲苯。
本發明除草劑組合物還可以包含一種或以上的固體粘合劑。該粘合劑為該領域的已知藥劑，且可於商業上取得。它們包括有機粘合劑，包括增粘劑，如粉狀、顆粒狀或晶體狀的經取代、天然及合成聚合物纖維素，以及無機粘合劑，如石膏，矽石或水泥。
本發明除草劑組合物還可以包含一種或以上的惰性填料。這些惰性填料為該領域已知的藥劑，且可於商業上取得。適合的填料包括，如天然礦物質，如高嶺土、氧化鋁、滑石、白堊、石英、矽鎂土、蒙脫土、
矽藻土或合成的礦物質，如高分散矽酸、氧化鋁、矽酸鹽和鈣的磷酸鹽和鈣的磷酸氫鹽。適合的惰性填料的顆粒包括，如粉碎和分級的天然礦物質，如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石、白雲石，或無機和有機礦物質的合成顆粒，以及有機材料顆粒，如鋸屑、椰子殼、玉米穗軸和煙草莖。惰性填料也包括三聚磷酸鈉和蔗糖。
本發明除草組合物還可以包含一種或以上的增稠劑。適合的
增稠劑包括農化組合物中常用的增稠物質。適合的增稠劑包括樹膠，如黃原膠、聚乙烯醇、纖維素及其衍生物，水合粘土矽酸鹽、鎂鋁矽酸鹽或它們的混合物。同樣，這些增稠劑為改領域已知的藥劑，且可於商業上取得。
本發明除草劑組合物可以是多種製劑形式，如溶液(SL)、
乳劑(EC)、水基乳劑(EW)、微乳劑(ME)、水懸劑(SC)、水分散性油懸劑(OD)、種子處理用水懸劑(FS)、水分散性粒劑(WG)、水溶性粒劑(SG)、可濕性粉劑(WP)、水溶劑粉劑(SP)、粒劑(GR)、膠囊粒劑(CG)、細粒劑(FG)、大粒劑(GG)、濃懸乳劑(SE)、膠囊懸著劑(CS)及微粒劑(MG)。在本發明的一些具體實施例中，除草劑組合物的藥劑類型為水分散性粒劑(WG)。根據藥劑類型，本發明組合物還可以包含水。
含有組分(A)三嗪酮除草劑和(B)ALS抑制劑型除草劑
的除草劑組合物，可施用於作物上以防治雜草，而三嗪酮除草劑可以減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑的植物毒性。含有環酮和甲磺隆、嘧磺隆或甲嘧磺隆的除草劑組合物可以施用於作物上以防治雜草，而環酮可以減少甲磺隆、嘧磺隆或甲嘧磺隆的植物毒性。
本發明中作物包括穀物，如小麥、大麥、黑麥、燕麥、稻、
玉米、高粱、小米和木薯；甜菜，如糖用甜菜和飼料甜菜；水果，如梨果、核果和軟果，如蘋果、梨、李子、桃子、杏仁、櫻桃或漿果，如草莓、樹莓和黑莓；豆科植物，如菜豆、小扁豆、豌豆和大豆；油料植物，如油菜、芥菜、罌粟、橄欖、向日葵、椰子、蓖麻、可可豆和花生；葫蘆科植物，如葫蘆、黃瓜和甜瓜；纖維植物，如棉花、亞麻、大麻、黃麻等；柑橘類水果，如橙子、檸檬、葡萄柚和柑橘；蔬菜，如菠菜、生菜、蘆筍、捲心菜、胡蘿蔔、洋蔥、西紅柿、土豆和辣椒粉；樟科，如鱷梨、肉桂、樟腦；
及煙草、堅果、咖啡、茄子、甘蔗、茶、胡椒、葡萄、啤酒花、香蕉、天然橡膠植物、桉樹以及觀賞植物。特優選作物為穀物、豆科植物和纖維植物。特別優選的作物植物是甘蔗。
本發明中的除草劑組合物能有效防治有害植物生長，例如(但不限於)：繁縷(Chickweed)、馬唐(Crabgrass)、絲葉澤蘭(Dogfennel)、羊茅(Fescue)、雜草(柳蘭(willowweed))、黃花(Goldenrod)、小白酒草(Horseweed)、草地早熟禾(Kentucky bluegrass)、莎草(Nutsedge)(黃色)、黍屬(闊葉，秋季，窄行)、商陸(Pokeweed)、豚草(Ragweed)、薺菜(Shepherd’s purse)、白色蛇根草(White snakeroot)和黃木樨(Yellow sweetclover)。
以下案例描述了本發明的實際應用。
製備試驗混合物1-9時，將不同分量的細磨組分(A)和(B)與助劑均質混合，然後用超細粉碎機研磨，再擠壓造粒得到水分散性粒劑。該助劑包括聚乙烯醇(2% w/w)、DISPERSOGEN®1494(甲酚-甲醛縮合物的鈉鹽)(5% w/w)及高嶺土。繼而，將水分散粒劑加水稀釋成任何所需濃度。
將甘蔗種植在優質農作物專用草炭生長基質的育苗床上，在溫室中培育。當作物發芽並長至約4寸時，將其中一種試驗混合物按照預設用藥率噴灑在隔開的作物育苗床上。
在作物施用試驗混合物後，育苗床在溫室環境下放置一周左右，促進作物生長。一周以後，檢測育苗床內作物的高度，確定甘蔗的生長抑制率。檢測結果載於下表1中。
製備試驗混合物10-19時，將不同分量的細磨組分(A)和(B)與助劑均質混合，然後用超細粉碎機研磨，再擠壓造粒得到水分散性粒劑。助劑包括聚乙烯醇(2% w/w)、DISPERSOGEN®1494(甲酚-甲醛縮合物的鈉鹽)(5% w/w)及高嶺土。繼而，將水分散粒劑加水稀釋成任何所需濃度。
將甘蔗種植在優質農作物專用草炭生長基質的育苗床上，在溫室中培育。當作物發芽並長至約4寸時，將10-19樣本中的一種試驗混合物按照預設用藥率(按每畝活性成分的克數計算(g ai/ha))噴灑在隔開的作物育苗床上。
在作物施用試驗混合物後，育苗床在溫室環境下放置四周左右，促進作物生長。四周以後，檢測育苗床，計算剩餘葉片數量，確定甘蔗作物落葉比率。對照實驗組掉落一片葉。檢測結果載於下表2中。
製備試驗混合物20-29時，將不同分量的細磨組分(A)和(B)與助劑均質混合，然後用超細粉碎機研磨，再擠壓造粒得到水分散性粒劑。助劑包括乙烯醇(2% w/w)、DISPERSOGEN®1494(甲酚-甲醛縮合物的鈉鹽)(5% w/w)及高嶺土。繼而，將水分散粒劑加水稀釋成任何所需濃度。
將甘蔗種植在優質農作物專用草炭生長基質的育苗床上，在溫室中培育。當作物發芽並長至約4寸時，將20-29樣本中的一種試驗混合物按照預設用藥率(按每畝活性成分的克數計算(g ai/ha))噴灑在隔開的作物育苗床上。
在作物施用試驗混合物後，育苗床在溫室環境下放置一周左右，促進作物生長。一周後，目測植物毒性。植物毒性級別分為0至5。(5=嚴重植物毒性，即葉和莖呈現深黃色、焦黃色或枯斑；0=無植物毒性)。檢測結果載於下表三中。
製備表4中的試驗組合物30-33時，將不同分量的細磨組分(A)和(B)與助劑均質混合，然後用超細粉碎機研磨，再擠壓造粒得到水分散性粒劑。助劑包括聚乙烯醇(2% w/w)、DISPERSOGEN®1494(甲酚-甲醛縮合物的鈉鹽)(5% w/w)及高嶺土。繼而，將水分散粒劑加水稀釋成任何所需濃度。
將甘蔗種植在優質農作物專用草炭生長基質的育苗床上。記錄下雜草品種及其相關密度並載於下表5中。種植40天後，按照預設用藥率(按每畝活性成分的克數計算(g ai/ha))施用試驗混合物。
在作物施用試驗混合物後，育苗床放置兩周左右。兩周以後，檢測育苗床，確定試驗混合物的效用。檢測結果載於下表6中。
本申請說明書引用的所有出版物、專利和專利的應用作為一個整體在此引用時與它們分別被指定為單獨的文獻有著相同的效力。儘管為了清晰理解，已經通過舉例說明和實施例對前述發明進行了詳細的說明，但對本領域具有通常知識之技術人員顯而易見，在教導本發明時，可對其作出一些變更和修改，而不會背離附屬申請專利範圍的主旨和範圍。
Claims (22)
- 一種由以下組分組成的除草劑組合物，(A)三嗪酮除草劑；及(B)ALS抑制劑型除草劑；其中，該三嗪酮除草劑能減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑對作物的植物毒性。
- 根據請求項1之除草劑組合物，其中該三嗪酮除草劑係選自胺酮(ametridione)、胺草酮(amibuzin)、乙草酮(ethiozin)、環酮(hexazinone)、丁草酮(isomethiozin)、苯草酮(metamitron)及草酮(metribuzin)。
- 根據請求項1或2之除草劑組合物，其中該ALS抑制劑型除草劑係選自磺醯脲類除草劑，包括醯嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、芐嘧磺隆(bensulfuron)、氯嘧(chlorimuron)、環磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟啶磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、甲醯胺磺隆(foramsulfuron)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron)、咪唑磺隆(imazosulfuron)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron)、吡嘧磺隆(metazosulfuron)、甲硫嘧磺隆(methiopyrisulfuron)、單嘧磺隆(monosulfuron)、煙嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、嘧苯胺磺隆(orthosulfamuron)、環氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、氟嘧黃隆(primisulfuron)、丙嘧磺隆(propyrisulfuron)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron)、砜嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron)、磺醯磺隆(sulfosulfuron)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron)、唑碲磺隆(zuomihuanglong)、氯磺隆()chlorsulfuron、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron)、碘磺隆(iodosulfuron)、iofensulfuron、甲磺隆(metsulfuron-methyl)、氟磺隆(prosulfuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、苯磺隆(tribenuron)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、甲磺隆(metasulfuronmethyl)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron-ethyl)、clopyrasulfuron和甲嘧磺(sulfometuron-methyl)隆。
- 根據前述請求項中任何一項之除草劑組合物，其中組分(A)比組分(B)的重量比介於25：1至1：25、10：1至1：10、7：1至1：7或3：1至1：3。
- 根據前述請求項中任何一項之除草劑組合物，其中組分(A)與組分(B)的總重量佔除草劑組合物的重量比介於5%至99%，優選50%至99%、70%至99%、80%至99%或80%至90%。
- 根據前述請求項中任何一項之除草劑組合物，其中組分(A)的施用率介於50至6000g/ha之間，而組分(B)的施用率介於5至630g/ha之間。
- 根據前述請求項中任何一項之除草劑組合物，其製劑形式可以是溶液(SL)、乳劑(EC)、水基乳劑(EW)、水懸劑(SC)、水分散性油懸劑(OD)、種子處理用水懸劑(FS)、水分散性粒劑(WG)、水溶性粒劑(SG)、可濕性粉劑(WP)、水溶劑粉劑(SP)、粒劑(GR)、膠囊粒劑(CG)、細粒劑(FG)、大粒劑(GG)、微粒劑(MG)、微乳劑(ME)、、濃懸乳劑(SE)、膠囊懸著劑(CS)。
- 根據請求項2-7之除草劑組合物，組分(A)為環酮；及組分(B)為甲磺隆。
- 根據請求項2-7之除草劑組合物，組分(A)為環酮；及組分(B)為甲嘧磺隆。
- 根據請求項2-7之除草劑組合物，組分(A)為環酮；及組分(B)為嘧磺隆。
- 根據上述請求項中任何一項之除草劑組合物，農作物為甘蔗。
- 一種減少ALS抑制劑型除草劑對作物的植物毒性的方法，包括：對作物或其位置施用含以下組分的除草劑組合物：(A)三嗪酮除草劑；及(B)ALS抑制劑型除草劑。
- 根據請求項12之方法，其中該三嗪酮除草劑係選自胺酮、胺草酮、乙草酮、環酮、丁草酮、苯草酮及草酮。
- 根據請求項12或13之方法，其中該ALS抑制劑型除草劑可以選擇磺醯脲類除草劑，如醯嘧磺隆、四唑嘧磺隆、芐嘧磺隆、氯嘧、環磺隆、乙氧嘧磺隆、啶嘧磺隆、氟吡磺隆、氟啶磺隆、甲醯胺磺隆、氯吡嘧磺隆、咪唑磺隆、甲磺胺磺隆、吡嘧磺隆、甲硫嘧磺隆、單嘧磺隆、煙嘧磺隆、嘧苯胺磺隆、環氧嘧磺隆、氟嘧黃隆、丙嘧磺隆、吡嘧磺隆、砜嘧磺隆、甲嘧磺隆、磺醯磺隆、三氟啶磺隆、唑碲磺隆、氯 磺隆、醚磺隆、胺苯磺隆、碘磺隆、iofensulfuron、甲磺隆、氟磺隆、噻吩磺隆、醚苯磺隆、苯磺隆、氟胺磺隆、三氟甲磺隆、甲磺隆、氯嘧磺隆、clopyrasulfuron和甲嘧磺隆。
- 根據請求項12-14中任何一項之方法，其中組分(A)與組分(B)的重量比介於25：1至1：25、10：1至1：10、7：1至1：7或3：1至1：3。
- 根據請求項12-15中任何一項之方法，其中組分(A)與組分(B)的總量佔除草劑組合物的重量比介於5%至99%，優選50%至99%、70%至99%、80%至99%或80%至90%。
- 根據請求項12-16中任何一項之方法，其中組分(A)的施用率介於50至6000g/ha及組分(B)的施用率介於5至630g/ha。
- 根據請求項13-17中任何一項之方法，該除草劑組合物的製劑形式為溶液(SL)、乳劑(EC)、水基乳劑(EW)、水懸劑(SC)、水分散性油懸劑(OD)、種子處理用水懸劑(FS)、水分散性粒劑(WG)、水溶性粒劑(SG)、可濕性粉劑(WP)、水溶劑粉劑(SP)、粒劑(GR)、膠囊粒劑(CG)、細粒劑(FG)、大粒劑(GG)、微粒劑(MG)、微乳劑(ME)、濃懸乳劑(SE)、膠囊懸著劑(CS)。
- 根據請求項13-18之方法，該組分(A)為環酮；及組分(B)為甲磺隆。
- 根據請求項13-19之方法，該組分(A)為環酮；及組分(B)為甲嘧磺隆。
- 根據請求項13-20之方法，該組分(A)為環酮；及組分(B)為嘧磺隆。
- 根據請求項12-21之方法，該農作物為甘蔗。
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| GB2545726B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2020-06-17 | Rotam Agrochem Int Co Ltd | Herbicidal composition and method for controlling plant growth |
| GB2545732B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2019-11-13 | Rotam Agrochem Int Co Ltd | Herbicidal composition and use thereof |
| CN105746551A (zh) * | 2016-03-14 | 2016-07-13 | 南京华洲药业有限公司 | 一种含三氟啶磺隆与嗪草酮的除草组合物及其应用 |
| AR111415A1 (es) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-07-10 | Adama Australia Pty Ltd | Formulación herbicida |
| CN110214788A (zh) * | 2018-03-02 | 2019-09-10 | 柯磊浦（北京）国际贸易有限公司 | 油茶林地专用除草剂 |
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| CN1181184A (zh) * | 1997-11-12 | 1998-05-13 | 江苏省激素研究所 | 非耕地用高效除草组合物 |
| CN1398517A (zh) * | 2001-07-27 | 2003-02-26 | 江苏省新沂中凯农用化工有限公司 | 含有烟嘧磺隆的除草组合物、其制备方法及用途 |
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