TW201517490A - Power conversion system for electric vehicles - Google Patents
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本揭露是有關一種電動車輛之電力轉換系統，特別是關於一種使用變流器(或稱逆變器，以下皆稱為變流器)取代車載充電器，且達到升/降壓充電的電力轉換系統。 The present disclosure relates to a power conversion system for an electric vehicle, and more particularly to a power conversion using a current transformer (or an inverter, hereinafter referred to as a current converter) instead of a car charger and achieving up/down charging. system.
如第1圖所示為習知電動車輛的電力轉換系統的方塊示意圖，現有電動車輛中的電力轉換系統10中包括充電系統20與驅動系統30兩個部分，而充電系統20與驅動系統30各自需要獨立的線路及變流器(Inverter)分別連接至電池組40，充電系統20是使用外部電力源(AC Power)21對電池組40充電，而驅動系統30則是由電池組40供應啟動發電機(Integrated Starter Generator,ISG)31及牽引馬達(Traction Motor)32運轉所需的電力。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power conversion system of a conventional electric vehicle. The power conversion system 10 in the existing electric vehicle includes two parts of the charging system 20 and the driving system 30, and the charging system 20 and the driving system 30 are respectively Independent lines and inverters are required to be connected to the battery pack 40, the charging system 20 charges the battery pack 40 using an external power source (AC Power) 21, and the drive system 30 is powered by the battery pack 40. The electric power required for the operation of the integrated starter generator (ISG) 31 and the traction motor (Traction Motor) 32.
在現有的充電系統20中外部電力源21與電池組40之間需要一車載充電器(On-Board Charger)23將外部電源力轉換為穩定的直流電力對電池組40充電。而在驅動系統30中啟動發電機31與牽引馬達32也是各自需要獨立的線路及變流器33、34分別連接至雙向直流轉換器(bidirectional DC/DC converter)35，其中變流器33、34是用以將電池組40的直流電力轉變為啟動發電機31或牽引馬達32的交流驅動電力，因此可知現有的電動車輛的電力轉換系統10，其充電系統20與驅動系統30需要各自獨立的線路及變流器，電路複雜、元件眾多且體積龐大，相對成本高昂。 In the existing charging system 20, an On-Board Charger 23 is required between the external power source 21 and the battery pack 40 to convert the external power source into a stable DC power to charge the battery pack 40. The starting of the generator 31 and the traction motor 32 in the drive system 30 also requires separate lines and converters 33, 34 respectively connected to a bidirectional DC/DC converter 35, wherein the converters 33, 34 It is used to convert the DC power of the battery pack 40 into the AC drive power of the starter generator 31 or the traction motor 32. Therefore, it is known that the power conversion system 10 of the conventional electric vehicle requires the independent connection of the charging system 20 and the drive system 30. And the converter, the circuit is complex, the components are numerous and bulky, and the relative cost is high.
且上述傳統的充電系統20大都僅能夠達到升壓充電，而無法降壓充電，而現有的充電系統若需達到升/降壓充電的功能，則會增加電路的複雜度，且必需在加裝一大功率的儲能電感器，因此如何簡化電動車輛電力轉換系統的電路架構，降低成本，且又能達到升/降壓充電的功能，實是目前有待解決的重要課題。 Moreover, most of the above conventional charging systems 20 can only achieve boost charging, and cannot be stepped down. However, if the existing charging system needs to achieve the function of raising/lowering charging, the complexity of the circuit is increased, and it is necessary to install. A large-capacity energy storage inductor, so how to simplify the circuit structure of the electric vehicle power conversion system, reduce the cost, and achieve the function of the up/down voltage charging is an important issue to be solved.
本揭露係關於一種電動車輛之電力轉換系統，整合驅動系統中的變流器(Inverter)與充電系統中的車載充電器，以減少元件降低減本，並且本揭露利用啟動發電機的驅動線圈或是牽引馬達的驅動線圈作為充電系統中的儲能電感器，使得本揭露的充電系統能達到升/降壓充電的功能。 The present disclosure relates to a power conversion system for an electric vehicle, which integrates an inverter in a drive system and an on-board charger in a charging system to reduce component reduction, and the present disclosure utilizes a drive coil for starting the generator or The drive coil of the traction motor acts as an energy storage inductor in the charging system, so that the charging system of the present disclosure can achieve the function of raising/lowering charging.
本揭露之一實施例提出一種電動車輛之電力轉換系統，包括：至少一三相驅動馬達，具有三相驅動線圈，此三相驅動馬達為一啟動發電機或是一牽引馬達；三組功率開關組耦接於外部電力源與電池組之間，該些功率開關組分別耦接三相驅動線圈；以及一第一開關元件，耦接於任二組功率開關組之間；其中當於一升/降壓充電模式時，第一開關元件斷路，經切換耦接於第一開關元件兩端之二組功率開關組，形成一第一電流路徑於外部電力源與任二驅動線圈之間，使任二驅動線圈形成一儲能電感，儲存外部電力源之直流電力；並形成一第二電流路徑於電池組與驅動線圈之間，使儲存於儲能電感上的直流電力產生一充電電壓對電池組充電。 An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power conversion system for an electric vehicle, comprising: at least one three-phase driving motor having a three-phase driving coil, the three-phase driving motor being a starting generator or a traction motor; and three sets of power switches The group is coupled between the external power source and the battery pack, and the power switch groups are respectively coupled to the three-phase drive coil; and a first switch component is coupled between any two groups of power switch groups; In the step-down charging mode, the first switching element is disconnected, and is coupled to the two sets of power switch groups at both ends of the first switching element to form a first current path between the external power source and any two driving coils, so that The second driving coil forms a storage inductor, stores the DC power of the external power source, and forms a second current path between the battery pack and the driving coil, so that the DC power stored on the energy storage inductor generates a charging voltage to the battery. Group charging.
本揭露之另一實施例提出一種電動車輛之電力轉換系統，包括：一啟動發電機，具有三相第一驅動線圈；三組第一功率開關模組，耦接於外部電力源與電池組之間，該些第一功率開關模組分別耦接三相第一驅動線圈；一牽引馬達，具有三相第二驅動線圈；以及三組第二功率開關模組，耦接於外部電力源與電池組之間，該些第二功率開關模組分別耦接三相第二驅動線圈；其中，當於一升/降壓充電模式時，任二第一驅動線圈形成一第一儲能電感，用以儲存外部電力源之直流電力產生一第一充電電壓，任二第二驅動線圈形成一第二儲能電感，用以儲存外部電力源之直流電力產生一第二充電電壓，而第一充電電壓及第二充電電壓可以同步或者交替對電池組充電。 Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a power conversion system for an electric vehicle, including: a starter generator having a three-phase first drive coil; and three sets of first power switch modules coupled to an external power source and a battery pack The first power switch modules are respectively coupled to the three-phase first drive coils; the traction motor has three-phase second drive coils; and the three sets of second power switch modules are coupled to the external power source and the battery Between the groups, the second power switch modules are respectively coupled to the three-phase second drive coils; wherein, in the one-liter/step-down charge mode, any two first drive coils form a first energy storage inductor, A first charging voltage is generated by storing the DC power of the external power source, and any second driving coil forms a second energy storage inductor for storing the DC power of the external power source to generate a second charging voltage, and the first charging voltage And the second charging voltage can charge the battery pack synchronously or alternately.
習知： Convention:
10‧‧‧電力轉換系統 10‧‧‧Power Conversion System
20‧‧‧充電系統 20‧‧‧Charging system
21‧‧‧外部電力源 21‧‧‧External power source
30‧‧‧驅動系統 30‧‧‧Drive system
31‧‧‧啟動發電機 31‧‧‧Starting the generator
32‧‧‧牽引馬達 32‧‧‧ traction motor
33、34‧‧‧變流器 33, 34‧‧‧ converter
23‧‧‧車載充電器 23‧‧‧Car charger
35‧‧‧雙向直流轉換器 35‧‧‧Bidirectional DC Converter
40‧‧‧電池組 40‧‧‧Battery Pack
本揭露： The disclosure:
100‧‧‧電力轉換系統 100‧‧‧Power Conversion System
110‧‧‧啟動發電機 110‧‧‧Starting the generator
120‧‧‧內燃機引擎 120‧‧‧ Internal combustion engine
130‧‧‧第一變流器 130‧‧‧First converter
140‧‧‧雙向直流轉換器 140‧‧‧Bidirectional DC Converter
150‧‧‧牽引馬達 150‧‧‧ traction motor
160‧‧‧驅動輪 160‧‧‧ drive wheel
170‧‧‧第二變流器 170‧‧‧Second converter
180‧‧‧車載電力源 180‧‧‧Vehicle power source
190‧‧‧高低壓直流轉換器 190‧‧‧High and low voltage DC converter
200‧‧‧外部電力源 200‧‧‧External power source
201‧‧‧整流單元 201‧‧‧Rectifier unit
300‧‧‧電池組 300‧‧‧Battery Pack
301‧‧‧濾波單元 301‧‧‧Filter unit
410‧‧‧三相驅動馬達 410‧‧‧Three-phase drive motor
420、421、422、423‧‧‧功率開關組 420, 421, 422, 423‧‧‧ power switch sets
430、620‧‧‧第一開關元件 430, 620‧‧‧ first switching element
440、630‧‧‧第二開關元件 440, 630‧‧‧ second switching element
Ls1、Ls2、Ls3、Ls4、Ls5、Ls6‧‧‧驅動線圈 Ls1, Ls2, Ls3, Ls4, Ls5, Ls6‧‧‧ drive coil
S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6、S7、S8、S9、S10、S11、S12‧‧‧功率開關元件 S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, S9, S10, S11, S12‧‧‧ power switching components
V1‧‧‧共接端 V1‧‧‧Common
500‧‧‧控制單元 500‧‧‧Control unit
510‧‧‧外部電流偵測端 510‧‧‧External current detection terminal
520‧‧‧電池電壓偵測端 520‧‧‧Battery voltage detection terminal
K1、K2、K3、g1~g6‧‧‧控制信號 K1, K2, K3, g1~g6‧‧‧ control signals
600‧‧‧第一驅動線圈 600‧‧‧First drive coil
700‧‧‧第二驅動線圈 700‧‧‧Second drive coil
610、611、612、613‧‧‧第一功率開關模組 610, 611, 612, 613‧‧‧ first power switch module
710、711、712、713‧‧‧第二功率開關模組 710, 711, 712, 713‧‧‧ second power switch module
720‧‧‧第三開關元件 720‧‧‧third switching element
730‧‧‧第四開關元件 730‧‧‧fourth switching element
第1圖為傳統電動車輛之電力轉換系統的方塊示意圖。 Figure 1 is a block diagram of a power conversion system of a conventional electric vehicle.
第2圖為本揭露電力轉換系統以啟動發電機的變流器取代車載充電器的實施例方塊圖。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a power conversion system for replacing a vehicle charger with a converter for starting a generator.
第3圖為本揭露電力轉換系統以牽引馬達的變流器取代車載充電器的實施例方塊圖。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the power conversion system replacing a vehicle charger with a converter of a traction motor.
第4圖為本揭露電力轉換系統的實施例電路架構圖。 FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the power conversion system of the present disclosure.
第5圖及第6圖為一升壓充電模式的一實施例第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑示意圖。 5 and 6 are schematic diagrams showing a first current path and a second current path in an embodiment of a boost charging mode.
第7圖及第8圖為一升壓充電模式的另一實施例第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑示意圖。 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams showing a first current path and a second current path of another embodiment of a boost charging mode.
第9圖及第10圖為一交錯式降壓充電模式第一時序時的第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑示意圖。 FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic diagrams showing a first current path and a second current path in a first timing of an interleaved buck charging mode.
第11圖及第12圖為一交錯式降壓充電模式第二時序時的第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑示意圖。 11 and 12 are schematic diagrams showing a first current path and a second current path in a second timing of an interleaved buck charging mode.
第13圖為本揭露電力轉換系統的雙充電系統實施例方塊圖。 Figure 13 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a dual charging system of the power conversion system.
第14圖為第13圖雙充電系統實施例電路架構圖。 Figure 14 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the dual charging system of Figure 13.
為讓本揭露之上述內容能更明顯易懂，下文特舉實施例，並配合所附圖式，作詳細說明如下。然而在本揭露的實施例中所描述的「耦接」或「連接」可以為兩元件之間的「直接連接」，或者兩元件之間透過其他的元件「間接連接」。 In order to make the above disclosure of the present disclosure more apparent, the following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are described below. However, the "coupled" or "connected" described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be a "direct connection" between two elements, or "indirect connection" between two elements through other elements.
請參閱第2圖及第3圖所示，第2圖為本揭露電動車輛之電力轉換系統中以啟動發電機的變流器取代車載充電器的實施例方塊圖；第3圖為本揭露電動車輛之電力轉換系統以牽引馬達的變流器取代車載充電器的實施例方塊圖。本揭露的電動車輛之電力轉換系統100具有接收外部電力源200對電池組300進行充電的升/降壓充電模式，以及電池組300供應電力驅動啟動發電機110發電或者驅動牽引馬達150運轉的驅動模式，以下將針對升/降壓充電模式及驅動模式加以說明。 Please refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 . FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a power conversion system for an electric vehicle in which a converter for starting a generator is used instead of a vehicle charger. FIG. 3 is an electric diagram of the present disclosure. The power conversion system of the vehicle replaces the embodiment of the vehicle charger with a converter of the traction motor. The electric power conversion system 100 of the electric vehicle of the present disclosure has a step-up/step-down charging mode for receiving the external power source 200 to charge the battery pack 300, and the battery pack 300 supplies the electric drive to start the generator 110 to generate electricity or drive the traction motor 150 to operate. Mode, the following will explain the up/down charge mode and drive mode.
如第2圖或第3圖所示，本揭露的電力轉換系統100至少包括：啟動發電機110、內燃機引擎(Internal Combustion Engine, ICE)120、第一變流器(Inverter)130、雙向直流轉換器140、牽引馬達150、驅動輪160及第二變流器(Inverter)170。此外電力轉換系統100尚包括車載電力源180及高低壓直流轉換器190等，然因內燃機引擎120、雙向直流轉換器140、驅動輪160、車載電力源180及高低壓直流轉換器190等並非本揭露的重點，故在此省略詳細描述其相關電路或結構。 As shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 3, the power conversion system 100 of the present disclosure includes at least a starter generator 110 and an internal combustion engine (Internal Combustion Engine, ICE) 120, a first inverter 130, a bidirectional DC converter 140, a traction motor 150, a drive wheel 160, and a second inverter 170. In addition, the power conversion system 100 further includes an onboard power source 180, a high and low voltage DC converter 190, etc., but the internal combustion engine 120, the bidirectional DC converter 140, the drive wheel 160, the onboard power source 180, and the high and low voltage DC converter 190 are not The focus of the disclosure is omitted here in detail to describe its associated circuitry or structure.
本揭露的電力轉換系統100是將如第2圖中耦接於啟動發電機110的第一變流器130取代車載充電器，或是將如第3圖中耦接於牽引馬達150的第二變流器170取代車載充電器，因此在本揭露的實施例中至少可以省略車載充電器210的電路及元件，簡化電力轉換系統100的電路架構。又由於第2圖中的第一變流器130與第3圖的第二變流器170的電路是相同的，因此如第4圖所示本揭露電力轉換系統的實施例電路架構圖，僅以一組變流器及一組三相驅動馬達的電路來說明。 The power conversion system 100 of the present disclosure replaces the vehicle charger with the first converter 130 coupled to the starter generator 110 as shown in FIG. 2 or the second unit of the traction motor 150 as shown in FIG. The converter 170 replaces the in-vehicle charger, so that at least the circuits and components of the in-vehicle charger 210 can be omitted in the embodiment of the present disclosure, simplifying the circuit architecture of the power conversion system 100. Moreover, since the circuits of the first current transformer 130 in FIG. 2 and the second current transformer 170 in FIG. 3 are the same, the circuit structure diagram of the embodiment of the power conversion system disclosed in FIG. 4 is only shown in FIG. It is illustrated by a set of converters and a set of three-phase drive motor circuits.
如第4圖的實施例中，電力轉換系統100是耦接於外部電力源200與電池組300之間，而外部電力源200更連接一整流單元201，如橋式整流器，用以將外部電力源200的交流電力整流成直流電力。而電池組300更並聯一濾波單元301，如電容器，用以濾波對電池組300充電的充電電壓。在此要說明的是，在後面所描述的外部電力源200皆是指已連接整流單元201後所提供的直流電力。 In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the power conversion system 100 is coupled between the external power source 200 and the battery pack 300, and the external power source 200 is further connected to a rectifying unit 201, such as a bridge rectifier, for external power. The AC power of the source 200 is rectified into DC power. The battery pack 300 is further connected in parallel with a filtering unit 301, such as a capacitor, for filtering the charging voltage for charging the battery pack 300. It is to be noted that the external power source 200 described later refers to the DC power supplied after the rectifying unit 201 has been connected.
如第4圖的實例中，電力轉換系統100包括一三相驅動馬達410、三組功率開關組420、一第一開關元件430、至少一第二開關元件440及一控制單元500，上述的三相驅動馬達410可以是如第2圖的啟動發電機110，或是如第3圖的牽引馬達150，而此三相驅動馬達410具有三相驅動線圈，包括第一相至第三相驅動線圈Ls1、Ls2、Ls3，此第一相至第三相驅動線圈皆連接一共接端V1。而上述的三組功率開關組420耦接於外部電力源200與電池組300之間，此三組功率開關組420可以是如第2圖的第一變流器130，或是如第2圖的第二變流器170，而此三組功率開關組420分別耦接三相驅動線圈Ls1、Ls2、Ls3。 As in the example of FIG. 4, the power conversion system 100 includes a three-phase driving motor 410, three sets of power switch groups 420, a first switching element 430, at least one second switching element 440, and a control unit 500. The phase drive motor 410 may be the starter generator 110 as shown in FIG. 2 or the traction motor 150 as shown in FIG. 3, and the three-phase drive motor 410 has a three-phase drive coil including first to third phase drive coils. Ls1, Ls2, and Ls3, the first phase to the third phase drive coils are all connected to a common terminal V1. The three sets of power switch groups 420 are coupled between the external power source 200 and the battery pack 300. The three sets of power switch groups 420 may be the first converter 130 as shown in FIG. 2 or as shown in FIG. The second converter 170 is coupled to the three-phase driving coils Ls1, Ls2, and Ls3, respectively.
在如第4圖所示的實施例中，上述三組功率開關組420包括六個功率開關元件相互串並聯組成，其中第一組功率開關組421為第一功率開關元件S1串聯一第二功率開關元件S2，而第一相驅動線圈Ls1耦接於第一及第二功率開關元件S1、S2的串接端；其中第二組功率開關組422為第三功率開關元件S3串聯第四功率開關元件S4，而第二相驅動線圈Ls2耦接於第三及第四功率開關元件S3、S4的串接端；其中第三組功率開關組423為第五功率開關元件S5串聯第六功率開關元件S6，而第三相驅動線圈Ls3耦接於第五及第六功率開關元件S5、S6的串接端。在本實施例中，上述第一至第六功率開關元件S1~S6皆可以為一絕緣閘雙極性電晶體(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor,IGBT)，當然也可以為其它的電子開關元件，本揭露並非對功率開關元件加以限制。另外在本實施例中，上述第一至第六功率開關元件S1~S6中每一功率開關元件之兩端皆跨接一逆向的旁路二極體。 In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the three sets of power switch groups 420 include six power switching elements in series and in parallel with each other, wherein the first group of power switch groups 421 are connected to the first power switching element S1 by a second power. The first phase driving coil Ls1 is coupled to the serial connection ends of the first and second power switching elements S1, S2; wherein the second power switching group 422 is the third power switching element S3 connected in series with the fourth power switch The second phase driving coil Ls2 is coupled to the serial terminals of the third and fourth power switching elements S3, S4; wherein the third power switching group 423 is the fifth power switching element S5 connected in series with the sixth power switching element S6, and the third phase driving coil Ls3 is coupled to the serial ends of the fifth and sixth power switching elements S5, S6. In this embodiment, the first to sixth power switching elements S1 to S6 may each be an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). Of course, other electronic switching elements may also be used. Limit the power switching components. In addition, in this embodiment, each of the first to sixth power switching elements S1 to S6 has a reverse bypass diode connected across the power switching element.
而上述第一開關元件430，如一繼電器，耦接於任二組功率開關組420之間，在第4圖的實施例中，第一開關元件430是位於第一組與第二組功率開關組421、422之間，換言之，第一開關元件430的一端連接於第一功率開關元件S1，而第一開關元件430之另一端連接於第三功率開關元件S3。然而本揭露第一開關元件430的連接方式並非被第4圖實施例所限制，意謂第一開關元件430尚可位於第二組與第三組功率開關組422、423之間，即第一開關元件430的兩端分別連接第三與第五功率開關元件S3、S5。或者第一開關元件430的兩端分別連接第二與第四功率開關元件S2、S4。或者第一開關元件430的兩端分別連接第四功與第六率開關元件S4、S6。 The first switching element 430, such as a relay, is coupled between any two groups of power switch groups 420. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, the first switching element 430 is located in the first group and the second group of power switch groups. Between 421 and 422, in other words, one end of the first switching element 430 is connected to the first power switching element S1, and the other end of the first switching element 430 is connected to the third power switching element S3. However, the connection manner of the first switching element 430 is not limited by the embodiment of FIG. 4, which means that the first switching element 430 can still be located between the second group and the third group of power switch groups 422, 423, that is, the first Both ends of the switching element 430 are connected to the third and fifth power switching elements S3, S5, respectively. Or the two ends of the first switching element 430 are respectively connected to the second and fourth power switching elements S2, S4. Or the fourth power and the sixth rate switching elements S4 and S6 are respectively connected to the two ends of the first switching element 430.
上述第二開關元件440耦接於外部電力源200與三組功率開關組420之間，換言之，第二開關元件440是耦接於外部電力源200與上述第一變流器130或第二變流器170之間，而在第4圖的實施例中，本揭露的第二開關元件440有二個，分別耦接於整流單元201的二輸出端與三組功率開關組420之間。而本揭露中上述第一開關元件430受控制單元500的控制信號K1控制導通或斷路、二個第二 開關元件440分別受控制信號K2、K3控制導通或斷路、及六個功率開關元件S1~S6分別受控制信號g1~g6控制導通或斷路。 The second switching element 440 is coupled between the external power source 200 and the three sets of power switch groups 420. In other words, the second switching element 440 is coupled to the external power source 200 and the first converter 130 or the second variable. In the embodiment of FIG. 4, there are two second switching elements 440 of the present disclosure, which are respectively coupled between the two output ends of the rectifying unit 201 and the three sets of power switch groups 420. In the disclosure, the first switching element 430 is controlled to be turned on or off by the control signal K1 of the control unit 500, and the second The switching element 440 is controlled to be turned on or off by the control signals K2 and K3, respectively, and the six power switching elements S1 to S6 are respectively controlled to be turned on or off by the control signals g1 to g6.
本揭露首先要說明的是升壓充電模式的電路動作原理，在本揭露實施例中變流器(即前述的三組功率開關組420)操作升壓充電模式(Boost Model)時，是指當外部電力源200的輸入電壓小於上述變流器的輸出電壓時。如第5圖及第6圖所示，為一升壓充電模式時的一實施例第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑示意圖。本揭露當於升壓充電模式時，如第5圖之實施例所示，第一開關元件430被控制成斷路，而第二開關元件440則被控制成導通，而藉由上述控制單元控制耦接於第一開關元件430兩端的第一組功率開關組421及第二組功率開關組422，第一功率開關元件S1導通及第四功率開關元件S4導通，其餘功率開關元件S2、S3、S5、S6皆斷路，如此可形成第一電流路徑於外部電力源200與第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第二相驅動線圈Ls2之間。此時，第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第二相驅動線圈Ls2形成一儲能電感，而此第一電流路徑為外部電力源200的直流電力經第一功率開關元件S1及第四功率開關元件S4儲存電力於第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第二相驅動線圈Ls2所形成的儲能電感中。 The first description of the disclosure is the circuit operation principle of the boost charging mode. In the embodiment of the disclosure, the converter (ie, the three groups of power switch groups 420 described above) operates the boost mode (Boost Model), which means when When the input voltage of the external power source 200 is smaller than the output voltage of the above-described converter. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a first current path and a second current path are shown in an embodiment in a boost charging mode. The present disclosure is in the boost charging mode, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 5, the first switching element 430 is controlled to be open, and the second switching element 440 is controlled to be turned on, and the control unit is controlled by the above control unit. Connected to the first group of power switch groups 421 and the second group of power switch groups 422 at both ends of the first switching element 430, the first power switching element S1 is turned on and the fourth power switching element S4 is turned on, and the remaining power switching elements S2, S3, and S5 are turned on. Both S6 are open, so that a first current path can be formed between the external power source 200 and the first phase drive coil Ls1 and the second phase drive coil Ls2. At this time, the first phase driving coil Ls1 and the second phase driving coil Ls2 form a storage inductor, and the first current path is the direct current power of the external power source 200 through the first power switching element S1 and the fourth power switching element S4. The electric power is stored in the energy storage inductance formed by the first phase drive coil Ls1 and the second phase drive coil Ls2.
接著如第6圖所示，再控制第一功率開關元件S1導通，其餘功率開關元件S2~S6皆斷路，形成第二電流路徑於電池組300與第一驅動線圈Ls1與第二驅動線圈Ls2之間，此時儲存於第一驅動線圈Ls1與第二驅動線圈Ls2所形成儲能電感上的直流電力會產生一充電電壓，而此第二電流路徑在第二驅動線圈Ls2端是經第三功率開關元件S3的旁路二極體至電池組300的正端，而在第一驅動線圈Ls1端是經第一功率開關元件S1、二個第二開關元件440及外部電源200的整流單元至電池組300的負端，使得充電電壓對電池組300進行充電。 Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the first power switching element S1 is controlled to be turned on, and the remaining power switching elements S2 to S6 are all disconnected to form a second current path in the battery pack 300 and the first driving coil Ls1 and the second driving coil Ls2. At this time, the DC power stored on the energy storage inductance formed by the first driving coil Ls1 and the second driving coil Ls2 generates a charging voltage, and the second current path is the third power at the second driving coil Ls2 end. The bypass diode of the switching element S3 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery pack 300, and at the end of the first driving coil Ls1 is a rectifying unit via the first power switching element S1, the two second switching elements 440, and the external power source 200 to the battery The negative terminal of group 300 causes the charging voltage to charge battery pack 300.
因此，本揭露的第一電流路徑是由外部電力源200的一端經第一組功率開關組421至第一相驅動線圈Ls1，而外部電力源200的另一端可以經第二組功率開關組422至第二相驅動線圈Ls2，形成第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第二相驅動線圈Ls2之間的儲能迴路，或者外 部電力源200的另一端可以經第三組功率開關組423至第三相驅動線圈Ls3，形成第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間的儲能迴路。相對地，本揭露的第二電流路徑由是電池組300的一端經第一組功率開關組421至第一相驅動線圈Ls1，而電池組300的另一端可以經第二組功率開關組422至第二相驅動線圈Ls2，形成第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第二相驅動線圈Ls2之間的放電迴路，或者電池組300的另一端可以經第三組功率開關組423至第三相驅動線圈Ls3，形成第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間的放電迴路。而上述第一電流路徑與第二電流路徑亦可藉由流經功率開關元件旁所跨接的旁路二極體形成迴路。 Therefore, the first current path of the present disclosure is from one end of the external power source 200 through the first group of power switch groups 421 to the first phase drive coil Ls1, and the other end of the external power source 200 can pass through the second group of power switch groups 422. To the second phase drive coil Ls2, forming an energy storage circuit between the first phase drive coil Ls1 and the second phase drive coil Ls2, or The other end of the portion of the power source 200 may pass through the third group of power switch groups 423 to the third phase drive coil Ls3 to form an energy storage circuit between the first phase drive coil Ls1 and the third phase drive coil Ls3. In contrast, the second current path of the present disclosure is that one end of the battery pack 300 passes through the first group of power switch groups 421 to the first phase drive coil Ls1, and the other end of the battery pack 300 can pass through the second group of power switch groups 422 to The second phase drive coil Ls2 forms a discharge loop between the first phase drive coil Ls1 and the second phase drive coil Ls2, or the other end of the battery pack 300 can pass through the third group power switch group 423 to the third phase drive coil Ls3 A discharge circuit between the first phase drive coil Ls1 and the third phase drive coil Ls3 is formed. The first current path and the second current path may also form a loop by bypassing the bypass diodes bypassed by the power switching elements.
而在另一實施例中第一開關元件430是位於第二組功率開關組422與第三組功率開關組423之間，如第7圖及第8圖所示，為升壓充電模式的另一實施例的第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑的示意圖。如第7圖，可控制第一功率開關元件S1導通及第六功率開關元件S6導通，其餘功率開關元件S2~S5皆斷路，如此可形成第一電流路徑於外部電力源200與第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間。而第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3形成一儲能電感，此第一電流路徑為外部電力源200的直流電力經第一功率開關元件S1及第六功率開關元件S6儲存電力於一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3所形成的儲能電感中。接著如第8圖，再控制第一功率開關元件S1導通，其餘功率開關元件S2~S6皆斷路，形成第二電流路徑於電池組300與第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間，此時儲存於第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3所形成儲能電感上的直流電力會產生一充電電壓，而此第二電流路徑在第三驅動線圈Ls3端是經第五開關元件S5的旁路二極體至電池組300的正端，而第一驅動線圈Ls1端是經第一功率開關元件S1、二個第二開關元件440及外部電力源200的整流單元至電池組300的負端，使充電電壓對電池組300進行充電。 In another embodiment, the first switching element 430 is located between the second group of power switch groups 422 and the third group of power switch groups 423. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the boost charging mode is another. A schematic diagram of a first current path and a second current path of an embodiment. As shown in FIG. 7, the first power switching element S1 is turned on and the sixth power switching element S6 is turned on, and the remaining power switching elements S2 S S5 are all disconnected, so that the first current path can be formed in the external power source 200 and the first phase driving. Between the coil Ls1 and the third phase drive coil Ls3. The first phase driving coil Ls1 and the third phase driving coil Ls3 form a storage inductor. The first current path is that the DC power of the external power source 200 stores power through the first power switching element S1 and the sixth power switching element S6. The storage inductor formed by the one-phase drive coil Ls1 and the third phase drive coil Ls3. Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the first power switching element S1 is controlled to be turned on, and the remaining power switching elements S2 to S6 are all disconnected to form a second current path between the battery pack 300 and the first phase driving coil Ls1 and the third phase driving coil Ls3. At this time, the DC power stored in the storage inductor formed by the first phase driving coil Ls1 and the third phase driving coil Ls3 generates a charging voltage, and the second current path is at the end of the third driving coil Ls3. The bypass diode of the five switching element S5 is to the positive end of the battery pack 300, and the first driving coil Ls1 end is the rectifying unit of the first power switching element S1, the two second switching elements 440 and the external power source 200 to The negative terminal of the battery pack 300 charges the battery pack 300 with a charging voltage.
因此，本揭露的第一電流路徑是由外部電力源200的一端可以經第一組功率開關組421至第一相驅動線圈Ls1，或者外部電力源 200的一端可以經第二組功率開關組422至第二相驅動線圈Ls2，而外部電力源200的另一端可以經第三組功率開關組423至第三相驅動線圈Ls3，形成第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間的儲能迴路，或者形成第二相驅動線圈Ls2與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間的儲能迴路。相對地，本揭露的第二電流路徑可以由電池組300的一端經第一組功率開關組421至第一相驅動線圈Ls1，或者可以由電池組300的一端經第二組功率開關組422至第二相驅動線圈Ls2，而電池組300的另一端經第三組功率開關組423至第三相驅動線圈Ls3，形成第一相驅動線圈Ls1與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間的放電迴路，或者形成第二相驅動線圈Ls2與第三相驅動線圈Ls3之間的放電迴路。而上述第一電流路徑與第二電流路徑亦可藉由流經功率開關元件旁所跨接的旁路二極體形成迴路。 Therefore, the first current path of the present disclosure is that one end of the external power source 200 can pass through the first group of power switch groups 421 to the first phase drive coil Ls1, or an external power source. One end of 200 may pass through the second group of power switch groups 422 to the second phase drive coil Ls2, and the other end of the external power source 200 may pass through the third group of power switch groups 423 to the third phase drive coils Ls3 to form a first phase drive. The energy storage circuit between the coil Ls1 and the third phase drive coil Ls3 or the energy storage circuit between the second phase drive coil Ls2 and the third phase drive coil Ls3. In contrast, the second current path of the present disclosure may be from one end of the battery pack 300 through the first group of power switch groups 421 to the first phase drive coil Ls1, or may be from one end of the battery pack 300 to the second group of power switch groups 422 to The second phase drives the coil Ls2, and the other end of the battery pack 300 passes through the third group of power switch groups 423 to the third phase drive coil Ls3 to form a discharge loop between the first phase drive coil Ls1 and the third phase drive coil Ls3. Alternatively, a discharge loop between the second phase drive coil Ls2 and the third phase drive coil Ls3 is formed. The first current path and the second current path may also form a loop by bypassing the bypass diodes bypassed by the power switching elements.
本揭露要強調的是，第一開關元件430可以耦接於任二組功率開關組420之間，且六個功率開關元件S1~S6中可同時控制耦接於第一開關元件430兩端的其中一個或二個功率開關元件導通，其餘功率開關元件斷路而形成第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑，其中功率開關元件的導通或斷路組合變化皆是為形成第一相/第二相驅動線圈、第一相/第三相驅動線圈或第二相/第三相驅動線圈組成儲能電感，其電路原理皆相同，本揭露不再贅述。 It should be emphasized that the first switching element 430 can be coupled between any two groups of power switch groups 420, and the six power switching elements S1 S S6 can be simultaneously controlled to be coupled to the two ends of the first switching element 430. One or two power switching elements are turned on, and the remaining power switching elements are disconnected to form a first current path and a second current path, wherein the combination of conduction or disconnection of the power switching elements is to form a first phase/second phase driving coil, The first phase/third phase driving coil or the second phase/third phase driving coil constitutes an energy storage inductor, and the circuit principles are the same, and the disclosure is not repeated herein.
接著本揭露再舉例說明降壓充電模式的電路動作原理：在本揭露實施例中變流器(即前述的三組功率開關組420)操作降壓充電模式(Buck Model)時，是指當外部電力源200的輸入電壓大於上述變流器的輸出電壓時，反之則操作於升壓充電模式(Boost Model)。而本揭露的降壓充電模式是交錯式降壓模式，如第9圖及第10圖所示，為一交錯式降壓充電模式第一時序時的第一電流路徑及第二電流路徑示意圖。本揭露當於交錯式降壓充電模式時，如第9圖之實施例所示，第一開關元件430斷路，第二開關元件440導通，第一開關元件430是耦接於第二組與第三組功率開關組422、423之間，此時控制第一組功率開關組421與第二組功率開關組422交錯切換，換言之，控制第三功率開關元件S3落後第一功率 開關元件S1 180度導通。 Then, the present disclosure further exemplifies the circuit operation principle of the buck charging mode: in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the converter (ie, the aforementioned three sets of power switch groups 420) operates the buck charging mode (Buck Model), and refers to the external When the input voltage of the power source 200 is greater than the output voltage of the current converter, the operation is in the boost mode (Boost Model). The buck charging mode of the present disclosure is an interleaved buck mode, as shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, which is a schematic diagram of the first current path and the second current path in the first timing of an interleaved buck charging mode. . When the interleaved buck charging mode is used, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 9, the first switching element 430 is turned off, the second switching element 440 is turned on, and the first switching element 430 is coupled to the second group and the first Between the three sets of power switch groups 422 and 423, at this time, the first group of power switch groups 421 and the second group of power switch groups 422 are alternately switched, in other words, the third power switch element S3 is controlled to be behind the first power. The switching element S1 is turned on 180 degrees.
當一第一時序時，第一功率開關元件S1導通，形成第一電流路徑如第9圖，外部電力源200的直流電力經第一功率開關元件S1及第五功率開關元件S5的旁路二極體儲存電力於第一相與第三相驅動線圈Ls1、Ls3所形成的儲能電感上，接著將第一功率開關元件S1斷路，形成如第10圖的第二電流路徑，此時儲存於第一相與第三相驅動線圈Ls1、Ls3上的直流電力會經第五功率開關元件S5的旁路二極體及第二功率開關元件S2的旁路二極體對電池組300充電。 When the first timing is turned on, the first power switching element S1 is turned on to form a first current path. As shown in FIG. 9, the DC power of the external power source 200 is bypassed by the first power switching element S1 and the fifth power switching element S5. The diode stores electric power on the energy storage inductance formed by the first phase and third phase drive coils Ls1, Ls3, and then opens the first power switching element S1 to form a second current path as shown in FIG. The DC power on the first and third phase drive coils Ls1, Ls3 charges the battery pack 300 via the bypass diode of the fifth power switching element S5 and the bypass diode of the second power switching element S2.
當一第二時序時，第二時序落後第一時序180度，第三功率開關元件S3導通，形成如第11圖的第一電流路徑，外部電力源200的直流電力經第三功率開關元件S3及第五功率開關元件S5的旁路二極體儲存電力於第二相與第三相驅動線圈Ls2、Ls3所形成的儲能電感上，接著將第三功率開關元件S3斷路，形成如第12圖的第二電流路徑，此時儲存於第二相與第三相驅動線圈Ls2、Ls3上的直流電力會經第五功率開關元件S5的旁路二極體及第四功率開關元件S4的旁路二極體對電池組300充電。如此藉由交錯切換第一組功率開關組421與第二組功率開關組422的方式，可以交錯地對第一/三相驅動線圈Ls1、Ls3儲能，或第二/三相驅動線圈Ls2、Ls3儲能，並交錯地對電池組300充電，以縮短對電池組300充電的時間。 When a second timing, the second timing is 180 degrees behind the first timing, the third power switching element S3 is turned on to form a first current path as shown in FIG. 11, and the DC power of the external power source 200 passes through the third power switching element. The bypass diodes of the S3 and the fifth power switching element S5 store power on the energy storage inductance formed by the second phase and third phase drive coils Ls2, Ls3, and then the third power switching element S3 is disconnected to form a first The second current path of FIG. 12, at which time the DC power stored on the second phase and third phase drive coils Ls2, Ls3 passes through the bypass diode of the fifth power switching element S5 and the fourth power switching element S4. The bypass diode charges the battery pack 300. Thus, by alternately switching the first group of power switch groups 421 and the second group of power switch groups 422, the first/three-phase drive coils Ls1, Ls3 can be alternately stored, or the second/three-phase drive coils Ls2. The Ls3 stores energy and alternately charges the battery pack 300 to shorten the time for charging the battery pack 300.
本揭露要強調的是，在降壓充電模式時，第一電流路徑是藉由控制第一開關元件430兩端的其中一個或二個功率開關元件導通，其餘功率開關元件斷路所形成，但第二電流路徑則可以控制所有其中一個功率開關元件通導，或者所有的功率開關元件皆斷路，而由功率開關元件的旁路二極體來形成第二電流路徑，如第10圖及第12圖之實施例，而上述的任易組合變化皆是為形成第一相/第二相驅動線圈、第一相/第三相驅動線圈或第二相/第三相驅動線圈組成儲能電感，其電路原理皆相同，本揭露不再贅述。 It is emphasized in the disclosure that, in the step-down charging mode, the first current path is formed by controlling one or two power switching elements at both ends of the first switching element 430 to be turned on, and the remaining power switching elements are formed by breaking, but the second The current path can control all one of the power switching elements to conduct, or all of the power switching elements are open, and the bypass diode of the power switching element forms a second current path, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 12. In the embodiment, the above-mentioned any combination change is to form a first phase/second phase driving coil, a first phase/third phase driving coil or a second phase/third phase driving coil to form an energy storage inductor, and the circuit thereof The principles are the same, and the disclosure is not repeated here.
請再參閱第4圖，本揭露實施例中的控制單元500更包括一外部電流偵測端510及一電池電壓偵測端520，其中外部電流偵測端 510耦接於外部電力源200的一端，用以於升/降壓充電模式時偵測外部電力源200之電流訊號，產生控制第一開關元件430斷路的控制信號K1，產生控制第二開關元件440導通的控制信號K2、K3，以及產生控制六個功率開關元件S1~S6導通或斷路的控制信號g1~g6。而其中電池電壓偵測端520則耦接於電池組300的一端，用以於驅動模式時偵測電池組300的充電電壓訊號，產生控制六個功率開關元件S1~S6的切換控制信號g1~g6，以及產生控制第一開關元件430導通的控制信號K1及控制第二開關元件440斷路的控制信號K2、K3。 Referring to FIG. 4 again, the control unit 500 in the embodiment further includes an external current detecting end 510 and a battery voltage detecting end 520, wherein the external current detecting end The 510 is coupled to one end of the external power source 200 for detecting the current signal of the external power source 200 in the step-up/step-down charging mode, and generating a control signal K1 for controlling the opening of the first switching element 430 to generate the second switching element. The control signals K2 and K3 that are turned on by the 440, and the control signals g1 to g6 that control whether the six power switching elements S1 to S6 are turned on or off. The battery voltage detecting end 520 is coupled to one end of the battery pack 300 for detecting the charging voltage signal of the battery pack 300 in the driving mode, and generating a switching control signal g1~ for controlling the six power switching elements S1~S6. G6, and a control signal K1 for controlling the conduction of the first switching element 430 and a control signal K2, K3 for controlling the opening of the second switching element 440.
本揭露在驅動模式時是由電池組300提供直流電力經第一變流器130或第二變流器170轉變為交流電後驅動啟動發電機110運轉發電，或是驅動牽引馬達150運轉以帶動驅動輪轉動。而驅動模式非本揭露的重點，因此簡單說明電路動作原理，電池組300輸出的直流電力流經三組功率開關組420時，上述的控制單元500輸出的閘極信號g1~g6會適當地控制第一至第六功率開關元件S1~S6導通或斷路，藉此產生三相交流電力驅動三相驅動馬達410運轉。 In the driving mode, the DC power supplied by the battery pack 300 is converted into AC power by the first converter 130 or the second converter 170, and then the generator 110 is driven to generate power, or the traction motor 150 is driven to drive the drive. The wheel turns. The driving mode is not the focus of the disclosure. Therefore, the circuit operation principle is briefly described. When the DC power outputted by the battery pack 300 flows through the three sets of power switch groups 420, the gate signals g1 to g6 output by the above control unit 500 are appropriately controlled. The first to sixth power switching elements S1 to S6 are turned on or off, thereby generating three-phase AC power to drive the three-phase driving motor 410 to operate.
另外本揭露更提出一種雙充電系統的電力轉換系統，如第13圖及第14圖所示，第13圖為本揭露電力轉換系統的雙充電實施例方塊圖，第14圖為雙充電實施例電路架構圖。本揭露利用2組的電力轉換系統100，一組為耦接啟動發電機110的第一變流器130，即三組第一功率開關模組610，另一組為耦接於牽引馬達150的第二變流器170，即三組第二功率開關模組710，且一併耦接於外部電力源200與電池組300之間。三組第一功率開關模組610分別耦接啟動發電機110的三相第一驅動線圈600，三組第二功率開關模組710分別耦接牽引馬達150的三相第二驅動線圈700，使得當於升/降壓充電模式時，至少其中二相的第一驅動線圈600形成第一儲能電感，以儲存外部電力源200的直流電力，並產生第一充電電壓，且至少其中二相的第二驅動線圈700形成第二儲能電感，以儲存外部電力源200的直流電力，並產生第二充電電壓，而上述的第一充電電壓與第二充電電壓可以同步或交錯的方式對電池組300充電。 In addition, the present disclosure further provides a power conversion system of a dual charging system, as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 , FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a dual charging embodiment of the power conversion system, and FIG. 14 is a dual charging embodiment. Circuit architecture diagram. The present disclosure utilizes two sets of power conversion systems 100, one set is a first current transformer 130 coupled to the starter generator 110, that is, three sets of first power switch modules 610, and the other set is coupled to the traction motor 150. The second current transformers 170 are coupled to the external power source 200 and the battery pack 300. The three sets of first power switch modules 610 are respectively coupled to the three-phase first drive coils 600 of the starter generator 110, and the three sets of second power switch modules 710 are respectively coupled to the three-phase second drive coils 700 of the traction motor 150, so that When in the up/down charging mode, at least two of the first driving coils 600 form a first energy storage inductor to store the DC power of the external power source 200 and generate a first charging voltage, and at least two of the phases The second driving coil 700 forms a second energy storage inductor to store the DC power of the external power source 200 and generate a second charging voltage, and the first charging voltage and the second charging voltage may be synchronized or interleaved to the battery pack. 300 charging.
同樣地，在任二組第一功率開關模組610之間耦接有第一開關元件620，在外部電力源200與第一功率開關模組610之間耦接有第二開關元件630，如第14圖的實施例中，第二開關元件630可以有二個，分別耦接於外部電力源200的二輸出端與第一功率開關模組610之間。而在任二組第二功率開關模組710之間耦接有第三開關元件720，且在外部電力源200與第三功率開關元件720之間耦接有第四開關元件730，同樣地，第四開關元件730也可以有二個，分別耦接於外部電力源200的二輸出端與第三功率開關元件720之間。 Similarly, a first switching component 620 is coupled between any two sets of first power switching modules 610, and a second switching component 630 is coupled between the external power source 200 and the first power switching module 610. In the embodiment of FIG. 14 , the second switching element 630 can be coupled between the two output ends of the external power source 200 and the first power switch module 610 . The third switching element 720 is coupled between the two second power switch modules 710, and the fourth switching element 730 is coupled between the external power source 200 and the third power switching element 720. Similarly, The two switching elements 730 may also be coupled between the two output ends of the external power source 200 and the third power switching element 720.
如第14圖所示，上述三組第一功率開關模組610中，第一組第一功率開關組611為第一功率開關元件S1串聯第二功率開關元件S2，第二組第一功率開關組612為第三功率開關元件S3串聯第四功率開關元件S4，第三組第一功率開關組613為第五功率開關元件S5串接第六功率開關元件S6，而上述第一相的第一驅動線圈Ls1耦接於第一及第二功率開關元件S1、S2的串接端，上述第二相的第一驅動線圈Ls2耦接於第三及第四功率開關元件S3、S4的串接端，上述第三相的第一驅動線圈Ls3耦接於第五及第六功率開關元件S5、S6的串接端。而在本揭露的實施例中，上述的第一至第六功率開關元件S1~S6可以為一絕緣閘雙極性電晶體。且在上述第一至第六功率開關元件S1~S6中每一功率開關元件之兩端皆跨接一逆向的旁路二極體。 As shown in FIG. 14, in the three sets of first power switch modules 610, the first group of first power switch groups 611 is a first power switch element S1 connected in series with a second power switch element S2, and the second group of first power switches Group 612 is a third power switching element S3 connected in series with a fourth power switching element S4, and a third group of first power switching group 613 is a fifth power switching element S5 connected in series with a sixth power switching element S6, and the first phase of the first phase The driving coil Ls1 is coupled to the serial connection ends of the first and second power switching elements S1 and S2, and the first driving coil Ls2 of the second phase is coupled to the serial connection ends of the third and fourth power switching elements S3 and S4. The first driving coil Ls3 of the third phase is coupled to the serial ends of the fifth and sixth power switching elements S5, S6. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first to sixth power switching elements S1 to S6 may be an insulated gate bipolar transistor. And a reverse bypass diode is connected across each of the first to sixth power switching elements S1 S S6 at each of the power switching elements.
同樣地，上述三組第二功率開關模組710中，第一組第二功率開關組711為第七功率開關元件S7串聯第八功率開關元件S8，第二組第二功率開關組712為第九功率開關元件S9串聯第十功率開關元件S10，第三組第二功率開關組713為第十一功率開關元件S11串接第十二功率開關元件S12，而上述第一相的第二驅動線圈Ls4耦接於第七及第八功率開關元件S7、S8的串接端，上述第二相的第二驅動線圈Ls5耦接於第九及第十功率開關元件S9、S10的串接端，上述第三相的第二驅動線圈Ls6耦接於第十一及第十二功率開關元件S11、S12的串接端。而在本揭露的實施例中，上述的第七 至第十二功率開關元件S7~S12可以為一絕緣閘雙極性電晶體。且在上述第一至第六功率開關元件S7~S12中每一功率開關元件之兩端皆跨接一逆向的旁路二極體。 Similarly, in the three sets of second power switch modules 710, the first group of second power switch groups 711 is the seventh power switch element S7 connected in series with the eighth power switch element S8, and the second group of second power switch group 712 is the first The nine power switching elements S9 are connected in series with the tenth power switching element S10, the third group of second power switch groups 713 is the eleventh power switching element S11 connected in series with the twelfth power switching element S12, and the second driving coil of the first phase is The Ls4 is coupled to the serial connection ends of the seventh and eighth power switching elements S7 and S8, and the second driving coil Ls5 of the second phase is coupled to the serial connection ends of the ninth and tenth power switching elements S9 and S10. The second driving coil Ls6 of the third phase is coupled to the serial ends of the eleventh and twelfth power switching elements S11, S12. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the seventh The twelfth power switching element S7~S12 may be an insulated gate bipolar transistor. And a reverse bypass diode is connected across each of the first to sixth power switching elements S7-S12.
在如第14圖的實施例中，第一開關元件620是耦接於第一組第一功率開關模組611與第二組第一功率開關模組612之間，而第三開關元件720則是耦接於第二組與第三組第二功率開關模組712、713之間，本揭露的其它實施例也可以第一開關元件620耦接第二組與第三組的第一功率開關模組612、613之間，而第三開關元件720也可以耦接於第一組與第二組的第二功率開關模組711、712之間。 In the embodiment of FIG. 14, the first switching element 620 is coupled between the first group of first power switch modules 611 and the second group of first power switch modules 612, and the third switching element 720 is The first embodiment of the present disclosure may also be coupled to the first group of power switches of the second group and the third group. Between the modules 612 and 613, the third switching element 720 can also be coupled between the first group and the second group of second power switch modules 711 and 712.
經由如上述第一開關元件620與第三開關元件720的耦接位置，當於升/降壓充電模組式時，第一開關元件620與第三開關元件720斷路，而第二開關元件630與第四開關元件730導通，此時經切換耦接於第一開關元件620兩端的二組第一功率開關模組610形成第一電流路徑於外部電力源200與第一儲能電感之間，使第一儲能電感儲存直流電力；並形成第二電流路徑於電池組300與第一儲能電感之間，使儲存於第一儲能電感上的直流電力產生第一充電電壓對電池組300充電。同時經切換耦接於第三開關元件720兩端的二組第二功率開關模組710形成第四電流路徑於外部電力源200與第二儲能電感之間，使第二儲能電感儲存直流電力；並形成第二電流路徑於電池組300與第二儲能電感之間，使儲存於第二儲能電感上的直流電力產生第一充電電壓對電池組300充電。 Through the coupling position of the first switching element 620 and the third switching element 720 as described above, when in the step-up/step-down charging module mode, the first switching element 620 and the third switching element 720 are disconnected, and the second switching element 630 The second switching element 730 is turned on, and the two sets of first power switching modules 610 that are switched to be coupled to the two ends of the first switching element 620 form a first current path between the external power source 200 and the first energy storage inductor. Having the first energy storage inductor store DC power; and forming a second current path between the battery pack 300 and the first energy storage inductor, so that the DC power stored on the first energy storage inductor generates a first charging voltage to the battery pack 300 Charging. At the same time, the second set of second power switch modules 710, which are coupled to the two ends of the third switching element 720, form a fourth current path between the external power source 200 and the second energy storage inductor, so that the second energy storage inductor stores the DC power. And forming a second current path between the battery pack 300 and the second energy storage inductor, so that the DC power stored on the second energy storage inductor generates a first charging voltage to charge the battery pack 300.
而上述升/降壓充電模式下的第一電流路徑與第二電流路徑會因第一開關元件620所耦接位置的不同而有所變化，但都會使外部電力源200的直流電力儲存於第一儲能電感上，再產生第一充電電壓對電池組300充電。而第三電流路徑與第四電流路徑會因第三開關元件720所耦接的位置不同而有所變化，同樣地會使外部電力源200的直流電力儲存於第二儲能電感上，再產生第二充電電壓對電池組300充電，其每一電流路徑、儲能迴路與放電迴路的動作原理皆上述第5圖至第12圖相同，因此就不再重覆描述。 The first current path and the second current path in the above-mentioned step-up/step-down charging mode may vary depending on the coupling position of the first switching element 620, but the DC power of the external power source 200 is stored in the first On a storage inductor, a first charging voltage is generated to charge the battery pack 300. The third current path and the fourth current path may be changed according to the position at which the third switching element 720 is coupled. Similarly, the DC power of the external power source 200 may be stored on the second energy storage inductor, and then generated. The second charging voltage charges the battery pack 300, and the operation principle of each current path, the energy storage circuit and the discharge circuit are the same as those in the above-mentioned FIGS. 5 to 12, and therefore will not be repeatedly described.
本揭露要強調的是：本揭露的二組的電力轉換系統可同時對電池組300充電，或者可交錯式的對電池組300充電。換言之，當第一儲能電感進行電力儲能時，第二儲能電感進行放電，產生第二充電電壓而對電池組300充電，而當第一儲能電感進行放電，產生第一充電電壓對電池組300充電時，第二儲能電感進行電力儲能，如此可縮短對電池組300的充電時間。而本揭露的二組電力轉換系統中的第一至第四開關元件及第一功率開關元件至第十二功率開關元件皆可受同一個控制器進行同步的控制。 It should be emphasized that the two sets of power conversion systems of the present disclosure can charge the battery pack 300 at the same time, or can charge the battery pack 300 in an interlaced manner. In other words, when the first energy storage inductor performs power storage, the second energy storage inductor discharges to generate a second charging voltage to charge the battery pack 300, and when the first energy storage inductor discharges, the first charging voltage pair is generated. When the battery pack 300 is being charged, the second energy storage inductor performs power storage, so that the charging time of the battery pack 300 can be shortened. The first to fourth switching elements and the first to fourth power switching elements of the two sets of power conversion systems of the present disclosure can be synchronously controlled by the same controller.
綜上所述，雖然本揭露已以實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以限定本揭露。本揭露所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者，在不脫離本揭露之精神和範圍內，當可作各種之更動與潤飾。因此，本揭露之保護範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 In summary, although the disclosure has been disclosed in the above embodiments, it is not intended to limit the disclosure. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of this disclosure is subject to the definition of the scope of the appended claims.
100‧‧‧電力轉換系統 100‧‧‧Power Conversion System
200‧‧‧外部電力源 200‧‧‧External power source
201‧‧‧整流單元 201‧‧‧Rectifier unit
300‧‧‧電池組 300‧‧‧Battery Pack
301‧‧‧濾波單元 301‧‧‧Filter unit
410‧‧‧三相驅動馬達 410‧‧‧Three-phase drive motor
420‧‧‧功率開關組 420‧‧‧Power switch set
430‧‧‧第一開關元件 430‧‧‧First switching element
440‧‧‧第二開關元件 440‧‧‧Second switching element
Ls1、Ls2、Ls3‧‧‧驅動線圈 Ls1, Ls2, Ls3‧‧‧ drive coil
S1、S2、S3、S4、S5、S6‧‧‧功率開關元件 S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6‧‧‧ power switching components
V1‧‧‧共接端 V1‧‧‧Common
500‧‧‧控制單元 500‧‧‧Control unit
510‧‧‧外部電流偵測端 510‧‧‧External current detection terminal
520‧‧‧電池電壓偵測端 520‧‧‧Battery voltage detection terminal
K1、K2、K3、g1~g6‧‧‧控制信號 K1, K2, K3, g1~g6‧‧‧ control signals
Claims (49)
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| TW102138098A TWI513167B (en) | 2013-10-22 | 2013-10-22 | Power conversion system for electric vehicles |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI674721B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-10-11 | 士林電機廠股份有限公司 | A voltage control device with automated voltage detection |
| TWI692928B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-05-01 | 國立高雄科技大學 | Interleaved power converter |
| TWI824730B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-12-01 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | Power integration system with motor drive and battery charging and discharging |
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| US5952812A (en) * | 1996-11-26 | 1999-09-14 | Nippon Soken, Inc. | AC-DC power converting device |
| TW457194B (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2001-10-01 | Sanyang Industry Co Ltd | Integrated power system for electric vehicles |
| FR2946473B1 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2011-08-19 | Renault Sas | RECHARGEABLE ELECTROMOTING ASSEMBLY FROM AN ELECTRICAL NETWORK, AND DEDICATED CONNECTION HOUSING. |
| FR2946810B1 (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2012-12-14 | Renault Sas | REVERSIBLE FAST CHARGING DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE |
| US8415904B2 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-04-09 | Ac Propulsion, Inc. | Open delta motor drive with integrated recharge |
| KR20120116722A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-23 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Electric vehicle and operating method of the same |
| KR101284331B1 (en) * | 2011-12-09 | 2013-07-08 | 성균관대학교산학협력단 | Recharge systen for green car and method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI674721B (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2019-10-11 | 士林電機廠股份有限公司 | A voltage control device with automated voltage detection |
| TWI692928B (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2020-05-01 | 國立高雄科技大學 | Interleaved power converter |
| TWI824730B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2023-12-01 | 台達電子工業股份有限公司 | Power integration system with motor drive and battery charging and discharging |
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