TW457194B - Integrated power system for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

An integrated power system for electric vehicles is provided with a motor, a driving device, batteries, and an external power, in which the motor consists of three-phase coils, auxiliary coils and a rotor; the driving device is connected to the motor and consists of several switching devices; batteries supply driving electric power in normal mode to induce electromotive force in the three-phase coils by the switch control of the switch device in the driving device, and therefore drive the rotor of the motor; the external power supplies the auxiliary coils with alternating current in the charging mode, and induces electromotive force in the three-phase coils. Therefore, the batteries are charged by the switch control of the switch device.

Description

4571 94 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a power system 'and in particular to an integrated power system for electric vehicles', which is mainly provided with an auxiliary coil on a motor stator, and is provided in a charging mode by The external power supply provides AC power to the auxiliary coil, so as to induce an electromotive force on the three-phase coil side, with the switch control of the switching device to charge the battery pack ° Please refer to Figure 1 'This is a block of the traditional integrated electric vehicle power system Illustration. As shown in the figure, the 'integrated electric vehicle power system is composed of an AC power supply 1, a charger 2, a battery pack 3, a driver 4, a motor 5, and a controller 6. In normal mode, AC power supply 1 and charger 2 will not operate. At this time, the battery pack 3 will provide driving power to the driver 4 and, under the control of the controller 6 ′, 'make the motor 5 run in a normal manner or regenerate the brakes. Conversely,' in the charging mode, the driver 4, the motor 5, the control Device 6 will not operate. At this time, 'AC power supply 1 will provide charging power to charger 2 to charge battery pack 3. Figures 2 and 3 are the charging system (including: AC power supply) in Figure 1 1 and charger 2) detailed circuit diagram and detailed circuit diagram of the motor power system (including: driver 4 and motor 5) in Figure 1. In Figure 2, the AC signal provided by the AC power supply 1 passes through the line filter 丨丨 Remove high-frequency noise from electromagnetic interference (EMI). Charger 2 is composed of first regulator 21, high-frequency switching circuit 22, high-frequency transformer 23, second regulator 24, reverse protector, In addition, in FIG. 3, the motor 5 may be a DC brushless motor or an AC induction motor, and is composed of a stator 51 and a rotor 52 provided with three-phase coils u, V, and w. Comparison 2 Figure and Figure 3. Driver 4 and Charger 2 are switched by

Page 4 457194 V. Description of the invention (2) ----- The structure of the device ', but the two components cannot be shared due to the above structure, resulting in an increase in cost. In addition, since the components of the charger 2 and the driver 4 cannot be used together, and they are usually assembled in two cases, the weight is also increased. In view of this, the main object of the present invention is to provide an integrated electric vehicle power system, which integrates a driver and a charger into one, thereby reducing cost and weight. To achieve the above and other objectives, the present invention provides an integrated electric vehicle power system, which is composed of a motor, a driving device, a battery pack, and an external power source. In this power system, the motor is composed of three-phase coils, auxiliary coils, and rotors; the driving device is connected to the motor and consists of several switches (1 device. The battery pack will provide driving power in normal mode The drive device is controlled by the switch of the switching device in the drive device to induce the electromotive force in the three-phase coil and drive the motor rotor. The external power supply will provide AC power to the auxiliary coil in the charging mode, thereby inducing the electromotive force in the three-phase coil. The switch control of the switching device is used to charge the battery pack. In this integrated electric vehicle power system, the motor used can be a DC brushless motor or an AC induction motor. The driving circuit is switched by a stabilizing capacitor and three groups The device is composed of two sets of switching devices. Each power transistor is connected in parallel with a flywheel diode in order to protect the power transistor from being damaged by large current. The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention can be more clearly understood. A preferred embodiment is given below in conjunction with the accompanying Type, as described in detail below: The drawings illustrate

457194 Five 'invention description (3) · Figure 1 is a block diagram of a conventional integrated electric vehicle power system; Figure 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the AC power supply and charger in Figure 1; Figure 3 is Figure 1 Detailed circuit diagrams of the driver and stirrup; Figures 4A and 4B are two examples of the auxiliary coil provided in the motor stator of the present invention; Figures 5A and 6A are circuit diagrams of the integrated electric vehicle power system of the present invention (using a DC brushless Motor); Figures 5B and 6B are circuit diagrams of the integrated electric vehicle power system of the present invention (using an AC induction motor); Figure 7 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the integrated electric vehicle power system of the present invention, and Figure 8A is this The integrated electric vehicle power system of the present invention is in a situation where the motor electromotive force is higher than the battery charging voltage; and FIGS. 8B and 8C are diagrams of the integrated electric vehicle power system in the situation where the horses ’electromotive force is lower than the battery charging voltage. Example In the motor power system of Fig. 3, a three-phase coil ϋ, V, tf 'has been provided on the motor stator 51, and a rectifier circuit has been formed on the driver 4. These two parts are very similar to the high frequency transformer 23 and the second voltage regulator 24 in the charging system of FIG. However, in the high-frequency transformer 23, there are two sets of coils (the primary coil P and the secondary coil S, respectively), which are electrically isolated and magnetically interconnected coils; in the motor stator 51, there are only three-phase coils U, V, W, electrically connected to each other at one end. Therefore, in order to enable the motor stator 51 to function as a transformer, the present invention provides an additional set of coils X on the motor stator 51,

Page 6 457134 V. Description of the invention (4)-its electrical is separated from the three-phase coil u, v, w and magnetically connected to the three-phase coil u, V, W 'so that it is in the charging mode' to the three-phase coil Charging emf is induced on u and vw. Figures 4A and 4B are two examples of the coils ϋ, V, w, and χ of the motor stator 51. As shown in the figure, the coil χ is electrically isolated from the coils 卩, ν, and redundant, and magnetically interlinked. The effect is the same as The primary coil P and the secondary coil S of the high-frequency transformer 23.

Next, the operation of the power system for an integrated electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described. Please refer to Figure 5A, which is a circuit diagram of the power system for integrated electric vehicles. In this example, the motor used is a DC brushless motor. As shown in the figure, the 'integrated electric vehicle power system is composed of a battery pack 100, a driver 110, a motor 120, an external power source 130, and a line filter 14o. The driver 110 is composed of a voltage stabilizing capacitor C110 and three sets of switching devices. Each group of switching devices is made up of two power transistors connected in series (such as power transistors Tup, Tun and power transistors TνP, Tνη, and power transistors Twp,

Twn), and each power transistor is connected with flywheel diodes D1-D6 to protect the power transistor from being damaged by a large current. The motor 120 is composed of a stator 121 and a rotor 122. The motor stator 121 is provided with three-phase coils U, V, and W and an auxiliary coil X, which are electrically isolated from the coils u, v, and W, and are magnetically connected. The line filter 140 is composed of passive components (resistors, capacitors, and inductors) to remove high-frequency noise from the input AC signal. According to the integrated electric vehicle power system in FIG. 5A, in the normal mode, the driver 110 will receive the driving power from the battery pack 100, which is stabilized by the capacitor C and matched with the switch control of each group of switching devices to output three phases Drive 457194 V. Description of the invention (5) The electromotive force applies to the coils U, V, and W on the motor stator 121, thereby driving the motor rotor 122. At this time, the AC power supply 1 does not provide charging power, so the auxiliary coil X does not operate. On the contrary, in the charging mode, the charging power generated by the external power source 130 removes the high-frequency noise of electromagnetic interference through the line filter 140 and supplies it to the auxiliary coil X provided on the motor stator 121. At this time, the 'coils ϋ, V, W will induce an electromotive force due to the oscillation of the auxiliary coil X. Therefore, in the charging mode, the charging operation of the battery pack 100 can be smoothly performed as long as it is matched with the switch control of each group of switching devices in the driver 110. Figure 5B is the same as Figure 5A, except that the DC brushless motor is replaced with an AC induction motor. Since the structures of the two are almost identical, the same or similar component numbers are used in the drawings and will not be repeated. Please refer to FIG. 6A 'which is a circuit diagram of the integrated electric vehicle power system of the present invention. In this example, the motor used is a DC brushless motor. As shown in the figure, the power system for an integrated electric vehicle is composed of a battery pack 〇〇, a driver 110, a motor 120, an external power source; i 3 0, a line filter 1 40, a rectifier 150, and a power switching device. Constituted by 160. The driver 110 is composed of a stabilized capacitor C110 and three sets of switching devices. Each set of switching devices is made up of two power transistors (such as 卩, Tun and power transistors Tvp, τνη and power transistors Twp, Twn) in series. Each transistor is connected in parallel. The flywheel diodes D1 to D6 protect the power transistor from being damaged by a large current. The motor 120 is composed of a stator 121 and a rotor 122. The motor stator 121 is provided with three-phase coils u, V, and W and auxiliary coils X, which are electrically isolated from the three-phase coils U, V, and W, and are magnetically connected. The line wave device 140 is composed of passive elements (resistors, capacitors, and inductors). Rectifier 15〇 is

457194 V. Description of the invention (6) It is composed of bridge rectifier and RC low-pass filter. The power switching device 16 is controlled by a transistor T1. According to the integrated electric vehicle power system of FIG. 6A, in normal mode, the 'driver 110 will receive the driving power from the battery pack 100, stabilized by the capacitor C, and matched with the switch control of each group of switching devices to send out three-phase driving. Power is supplied to the coils υ, V, and w provided in the motor stator 121, and the motor rotor 122 is further driven. At this time, the AC power supply 1 does not provide AC power, so the coil X does not operate. On the contrary, in the charging mode, the charging power generated by the external power source 13 will remove the high-frequency noise of electromagnetic interference through the line filter 4 40, obtain the DC power through the rectifier 150, and use the power switching device 16 The high-frequency switch of 0 CTC T1 converts the DC power obtained by the rectifier 150 into high-frequency square-wave power and sends it to the auxiliary coil X provided on the motor stator 121. In this way, the three-phase coils u, v, and w can induce an electromotive force due to the high-frequency oscillation of the auxiliary coil χ, and directly charge the battery pack 100. Figure 6B is the same as Figure 6A, except that the DC brushless motor is replaced with an AC induction motor. Since the construction of the two is almost completely different, the same or similar component numbers are used and will not be repeated. Μ Γ

Describe how the driver 110 induces an electromotive force on the coil of the motor stator 12 and uses this electromotive force to charge the battery $ 100. The calculation of π &: ί is the integrated power system for electric vehicles of the present invention, as shown in w, ° ® _, and the three-phase coils u, v, and w provided on the motor stator are respectively represented as ^^ to generate induced electromotive force

5. Description of the invention (7) is expressed as νυ 'Vv and Vw, respectively. The driver is composed of a voltage stabilizing capacitor C and six power transistors Tup, Tun, Tvp, Tvn, Twp, and Twn. They are respectively connected with flywheel diodes D1 to D6 to protect the power transistor. Protected against high currents. If the structure of the integrated electric vehicle power system is as shown in Fig. 5A or 6B ', the motor stator winding type will be set to a higher turns ratio, so that the induced electromotive force is higher than the charging voltage. This electromotive force can be controlled by the switch of the transistor T1 'so that the electromotive force induced by the three-phase lines 圏 U, V, ff is higher than the charging voltage of the battery pack. In this case, the flywheel diode in the driver 110 will form a rectifying diode, as shown in Figure 8A. Because Vjj + V ^ Vb, the current will flow through the flywheel diode D1 of the power transistor Tup and then be charged into the battery pack 100 and the capacitor C. In this case, all six transistors are turned off, that is, the six control signals B1 to B6 are all at a low voltage level (L). Secondly, if the structure of the integrated electric vehicle power system is shown in Fig. 5A or Fig. 6A, the induced electromotive force will be set lower than the battery pack charging voltage. Because there is no active element in front of the auxiliary coil X, it can control the induced electromotive force of the three-phase coil U, V, W. In this case, in order to control the charging voltage and current of the battery pack 100, the number of turns of the auxiliary coil X and the three-phase coil U, v, | will be designed to induce electromotive force Vu + Vv < Vb. Therefore, the induced current cannot flow back into the battery pack from the flywheel diode. Instead, the inductance characteristics of the three-phase coils u, v, and w must be used to increase the voltage in an oscillating manner and charge the battery pack 100. Its action As follows: First, the transistor Tun of the driver is turned on (the control signal B2 rises to a high voltage level H), so the current will pass through the power transistor Tun and then pass through the power transistor.

457194 V. Description of the invention (8) The flywheel diode D4 in the rate transistor Tvn flows back to the motor, as shown in Figure 8B. At this time, the coils U and V are magnetized and their polarity is opposite to the induced electromotive force. Then 'turn the crystal Tun off (the control signal B2 is lowered to the low voltage level L). At this time, the polarity of the coils U and V will be reversed and become the same direction as the induced electromotive force. This voltage will be greater than the induced electromotive force. vB, so that electric energy can flow into the battery pack 100 along the flywheel diode D1, as shown in FIG. 8C. In summary, the actuator and the charger of the present invention are integrated into one, although the present invention has better defined the present invention, 'anyone familiar with this technique and scope can be used as a variety of changes. The patent scope symbol indicates that the hybrid electric vehicle's power system can further reduce the cost and weight. The embodiments are disclosed as above, but they are not used by the artist's without departing from the spirit and retouching of the present invention, so the ones defined by the protection scope of the present invention shall prevail. AC power supply; 3, 100 ~ battery pack; 5, 120 ~ motor; 11, 14 ~ line filter; 22 ~ high frequency switching circuit; 24 ~ second voltage regulator; 51, 121 ~ Three-phase coil stator 13 0 ~ External power supply; 160 ~ Power switching number. 2 ~ charger; 4,11 0 ~ driver; 6 ~ controller; 2bu regulator; 23 ~ high frequency transformer; 25 ~ reverse protector; 52,122 ~ three-phase coil rotor; 150 ~ Rectifier

0134-4483TWF; 88-T0P-2: vincent.ptd page 11

Claims (1)

457194 6. Application patent scope 1. An integrated electric vehicle power system, comprising: a motor having a three-phase coil, an auxiliary coil, a rotor; a driving device connected to the motor, composed of a plurality of switching devices A battery pack that provides a driving power to the driving device in a normal mode, and is controlled by the switches of the switching devices to induce an electromotive force in the three-phase coil to drive the rotor; and an external power source in a charging mode An AC power is provided to the auxiliary coil, so that an electromotive force is induced in the three-phase coil, and the battery pack is charged through the switching devices. 2. The integrated electric vehicle power system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the motor is a DC brushless motor, and the three-phase coil and the auxiliary coil are wound around the motor stator in an electrically isolated form. . 3. The integrated electric vehicle power system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the motor is an AC induction motor, and the three-phase coil and the auxiliary coil are wound on the motor stator in an electrically isolated form. Page 12