TW201406944A - Method and contrivance for surface-optimised feed of combustion air into the primary heating space of a coke-oven chamber of the non-recovery or heat-recovery type - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for surface-optimised feed of combustion air into the primary heating space of a coke-oven chamber of the non-recovery or heat-recovery type, according to which the gas space above the coal cake to be carbonised in a coke-oven chamber is supplied with combustion air by means of a pipe with at least one air outlet port, the pipe being routed through the gas space in longitudinal direction of the oven, so that the air directly enters the gas space above the coke cake, thus achieving an improved combustion efficiency in the gas space as the combustion air is mixed more thoroughly with the coking gas. The invention also relates to a contrivance for employing the method, the contrivance consisting of a coke oven with a coke oven chamber operated by the non-recovery or heat-recovery process, and the coke oven chamber of which is provided for partial combustion of coking gas above the coal cake with a gas space, and through which at ieast one pipe with at least one air outlet port is routed for the introduction of combustion air.

Description

Method and apparatus for optimizing the combustion air feed surface of a main heating space entering a coke oven chamber of a non-recovered or heat recovery type

The present invention relates to a method for optimizing the combustion air feed surface of a main heating space entering a non-recovery or heat recovery type coke oven chamber, according to which a coke oven is passed by means of a pipe having at least one air outlet The gas space above the coal cake to be carbonized in the chamber supplies combustion air which travels through the gas space in the longitudinal direction of the furnace such that the air directly enters the gas space above the coke cake, thus the combustion air is more thoroughly mixed with the coke gas Improved combustion efficiency is achieved in the gas space. The invention also relates to a device using the method, the device consisting of a coke oven having a coke oven chamber operated by a non-recovery or heat recovery process, and the coke oven chamber of the device has a gas space for coking above the coal cake The gas is partially combusted and at least one conduit having at least one air outlet travels through the gas space to introduce combustion air.

Current state of the art provides carbonization of coal by conventional processes or processes based on non-recovery or heat recovery principles. In the case of the first process profile, the coke gas is collected via the equipment item provided for this purpose and supplied to subsequent processing. Examples of this furnace type are given in EP 649 455 B1 and DE 2 654 187 C3. This furnace type is externally heated by a burner supplied with an external gas. In the case of the second process type, the coking gas generated during the carbonization is used to heat the coke oven. In order to ensure that the heating effect is as uniform as possible, the coking gas generated during carbonization travels to the gas space, which is positioned directly above the coke oven chamber, and the gas space remains empty when the coal is fed. This gas space is also referred to as the main heating space. The coking gas released during carbonization is directly degassed into the main heating space positioned above, wherein the coking gas is partially combusted with a substoichiometric amount of combustion air (so-called primary air). Thus, the coal cake is heated and heated to carbonize.

The partially burned coke gas is advanced into the flue gas duct via a passage arranged in the non-frontal side wall of the coke oven chamber, wherein the partially burned coke gas is completely combusted with excess air (so-called secondary air). The flue gas duct is positioned below the coke oven chamber and is also referred to as a secondary heating space. The coal cake is also heated from below due to additional and complete combustion below the coke oven chamber. In this way, the quality of coke is improved. With the processing mode in which the coking gas is burned in several steps, no external gas heating system is required. The coke oven operated by this process is also referred to as a non-recovery or heat recovery coke oven. An example of this process type is given below: Walter Buss et al., "Thyssen Still Otto/PACTI Non-recovery coke making system", Iron and Steel Engineer, Association of Iron and Steel Engineers, Pittsburgh, USA, Volume 76, Issue 1, January 1999, pages 33-38 and patent documents US4344820A, US4287024A, US5114542A, GB1555400A and CA2052177C.

An essential feature of such coke ovens is the combustion of coking gas in several steps which requires efficient combustion air feed into the heating space. Effective combustion air feed into the main heating space is particularly difficult because the primary heating space is positioned directly above the hot coal cake and may therefore be inaccessible. According to the prior art, the inflation of the main heating space is achieved via a hole in the top plate, a coke oven chamber door or a front wall of the coke oven chamber. There is, for example, an inflated layout in which a primary heating space provides a plurality of holes in the top plate of the coke oven chamber. An example of this process is described in WO2006128612A1. This teaching also describes inflating the primary heating space with air introduced into the main heating space through the holes in the ceiling of the coke oven chamber by a slight overpressure. There are other prior art processes that allow for aeration through a coke oven chamber door or a hole in the coke oven chamber wall above the enclosure door. An example of this process is described in WO2007057076A1.

Combustion air feed into the gas space above the coke cake as the primary heating space poses a significant challenge to those skilled in the art due to the inability to access the primary heating space due to the presence of the hot coke cake positioned below. It is therefore only possible to provide inflation from the outside. However, the quality of the coke obtained is largely determined by the uniform heating of the coal cake from each side. Since the main heating space is only inflated from the outside, the combustion of the degassed coking gas occurs only in the outer region of the main heating space, or if the air is supplied from the coke oven top plate, it occurs directly below the hole in the top plate of the furnace. Not on the entire surface area of the furnace.

The main heating space is considered as a whole, and since the combustion air cannot reach the central portion of the main heating space, the combustion system is performed non-uniformly. Coke ovens operated by the principle of non-recovery or heat recovery typically have a primary heating space of up to 20 m long and up to 5 m wide. This results in the formation of a heat sink in the main heating space, especially at the center, during operation. However, the goal is to avoid such heat dissipation to ensure uniform coke quality. On the other hand, the increase in the amount of air is excluded to prevent undesired combustion of coke.

Therefore, it is possible to control a portion of the combustion air directly into the center of the main heating space and additionally control the amount of combustion air traveling to the center with respect to the combustion air on each side so that uniformity can be achieved throughout the main heating space. Burning will have a huge advantage.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a process that allows for the uniform supply of primary combustion air to the gas space above the coal cake of the coke oven chamber so that uniform combustion is achieved throughout the primary heating space. As such, the pursuit of obtaining alternative coke with improved quality and a shorter carbonization time is achieved by more uniform heating from each side. It is therefore possible to significantly improve the economic efficiency of the entire process for producing coke.

The present invention is applied to the coal cake in a uniform and surface-optimized manner in a gas space as a main heating space over the coal cake of the non-recovered or heat recovery type coke oven chamber. This is achieved by a method in which the primary heating space supplies primary combustion air for partial combustion of the coking gas, wherein the refractory conduit travels through a primary heating space above the coal cake, the conduit having at least one air outlet, the combustion air being in the coke oven chamber Typically a prevailing vacuum is drawn into the coke oven chamber via a conduit and an air outlet or introduced into the coke oven chamber by means of one or more pressure generating devices that pressurize the combustion air and deliver it Pass through the air outlet into the coke oven chamber.

Although it is sufficient to use only one pipe having only one air outlet (the primary combustion air flow directly travels into the center of the coke oven chamber), in order to make the air supply uniform, the primary combustion air is typically based on ensuring uniform combustion air. The arrangement distributed throughout the primary heating space is supplied via one or more conduits having a plurality of air outlets.

In particular, a method for optimizing the combustion air feed surface of a main heating space entering a coke oven chamber of a non-recovered or heat recovery type, according to the method

‧ Feeding coal to the coke oven chamber for non-recovery or heat recovery type of coal carbonization, leaving the gas space above the coal batch material empty, so that the main heating space is formed above the coal batch material, and ‧ the coal is heated To a high temperature such that it is cyclically carbonized to coke by degassing the volatile components, and at least an occasional stoichiometric amount of air is supplied to combust the coke gas obtained in the gas space above the coal batch, and ‧ will partially burn The coke gas is directed into the secondary heating space via a laterally extending passage, the secondary heating space being positioned below the coke oven chamber, wherein the other amount of air is used for complete combustion, and characterized by: ‧ air system via conduit Supplying, the ducts travel through a main heating space of the coke oven chamber and have at least one air outlet in a main heating space of the coke oven chamber, and ‧ the combustion air is via a pipeline due to a vacuum generally prevailing in the coke oven chamber The air outlet is drawn into the coke oven chamber or introduced into the coke oven chamber by means of one or more pressure generating devices The one or more pressure generating devices pressurize the combustion air and pass it through the air outlet into the coke oven chamber.

In a preferred embodiment, the combustion air drawn in from the environment is directed through the conduit into the coke oven chamber. Here, the pressure difference between the vacuum in the main heating space and the ambient pressure acts as a driving force for the air inlet. In another embodiment, this pressure differential can be increased by using a compressor, blower, pressure tank or pressure line and compressing the combustion air by the means described above. In both of these specific examples, it is possible to provide at least one pressure reducing valve upstream of the pipe of the furnace as a control device for regulating the inlet pressure.

In order to apply the method of the invention in the absence of a pressure generating device, the ambient air is drawn in via a clear opening extending to the end of the tube in the environment and travels as combustion air through the duct and air outlet into the main heating space of the coke oven chamber. . This is facilitated by the vacuum prevailing in the main heating space, which constitutes the pressure differential as a driving force for introducing ambient air into the coke oven chamber. The flow cross-sectional area of the clean end of the tube extending into the environment can be varied by at least one adjustable controller or adjustable control to make it possible to adjust the individual volumetric air flow rates of the furnaces. In order to increase the amount of air that is drawn in, it is possible to provide a component operated by the Venturi principle (which may be, for example, a nozzle) to one end of the pipe. This is used to increase the amount of air that is drawn into the coke oven chamber per unit time. This nozzle can also be used to measure the amount of air drawn in.

If the pressure difference as the driving force of the air inlet is increased by connecting the supercharging device, the air is injected into the pipe at an overpressure of, for example, 0.1 to 45 mbar to apply the method of the present invention. In order to adapt the overpressure to individual furnace pressures, it is possible to use a pressure relief valve that is provided in the air supply line of the coke oven group. This allows the use of factory compressed air as combustion air.

In order to practice the invention, it is possible to adjust the pressure such that it corresponds to the pressure used to enter the inlet of the main heating space. This is especially the case if the pipe has a line carrying compressed air at one end and the other end is sealed with a blocked mouth. In this case, the selected pressure is just right. Corresponding to the inlet pressure, it is also possible to have a pipeline for carrying compressed air at both ends of the pipe. In this case, the pressure in one line is higher than the other exhaust line so that there is a pressure gradient across the inlet of the coke oven chamber at the end of the conduit within the coke oven chamber. However, the exhaust line will have a higher pressure than the interior of the coke oven chamber to prevent the coke oven gas from being sucked back into the exhaust line.

In another embodiment, the air introduced into the coke oven chamber via a conduit is preheated. This can also be done via one or more pipes. The pipe is preheated, for example, to a temperature of 150 to 1250 °C. In a preferred embodiment, the conduit is preheated to a temperature of from 500 to 1000 °C.

For introduction into the coke oven chamber, the air feed stream entering the at least one conduit is controlled by a control device or valve. While this can be done manually, in a preferred embodiment it is automatically controlled. It can be installed in one, several or each pipe. Preferably, the flow meter is used to operate the control unit. In one embodiment of the invention, the air feed stream entering the at least one line is measured by a flow meter, and then the air feed stream is controlled by the control device based on the measured value. Automatic control can be computer controlled.

In theory, it is possible to operate a single coke oven chamber by the method of the invention. Preferably, however, several coke oven chambers are combined in a coke oven group and several or all of the coke oven chambers are operated by the method of the present invention. Therefore, in many coke producing plants, up to 20 coke oven arrangements are selected to form a coke oven group. In a specific embodiment of the method, an air feed stream is introduced from the main gas pipe into the at least one conduit through the coke oven chamber, the main gas pipe extending along the front side of the coke oven chamber of the coke oven group. The main gas pipes in the coke oven group can be arranged as needed. The branch of the dominant trachea extends into the conduit that travels into or through the main heating space of the coke oven chamber. In a preferred embodiment, a control device is mounted between the branch and the coke oven chamber. If necessary, the other end of the pipe can be vented as needed.

In another embodiment, the air feed stream passing through the conduit branching from the main gas conduit into the coke oven chamber travels in at least one conduit in a loop by directing the conduit back to the main gas conduit. In this case, two control devices must be installed, which are preferably provided for entry. Downstream of each branch of the pipeline.

In another embodiment of the method of the present invention, it is possible to combine several coke oven chambers into a coke oven group and provide a main air tube on either side of the coke oven chamber through the main heating into the coke oven chamber The airflow of the space duct travels from one dominant air duct on one side to the other dominant air duct on the other side, and the air feed flow through the duct in the coke oven chamber travels from one dominant air duct to the other on the opposite side Exhaust dominates the trachea. In this case, there must be a pressure gradient between the two lines to allow air to be introduced into the coke oven chamber. The pressure in the exhaust line must still be higher than in the coke oven chamber to prevent the coke oven gas from being sucked back into the exhaust line. This can be supported by a control device or a baffle.

Finally, it is also possible to combine the two main air feed conduits at the end of the coke oven chamber to form an outer annular line, which supplies compressed air to the tubes that travel into the coke oven chamber in the direction of air flow. In this case, the pipe must have control devices or baffles on the air supply line side and the exhaust line side to prevent the coke oven gas from being sucked back. Preferably, the control device is mounted between the pipe branch of the self-dominant gas pipe and the coke oven chamber.

It is additionally within the scope of the invention to enrich the air injected into the conduit with oxygen (O ₂ ), steam (H ₂ O), nitrogen (N ₂ ) or another gas. This can be done individually or in the form of a mixture having the composition selected as appropriate. The choice of mixture can depend on a variety of factors.

A device for carrying out the method of the invention is also claimed. In particular, a coke oven for optimizing the combustion air feed surface entering the main heating space of a coke oven chamber for coal carbonization by a non-recovery or heat recovery type process is proposed, wherein the ‧ coke oven is composed of a coke oven chamber , having an arched coking space and having a gas space above the coal cake as a main heating space for coal carbonization, and the ‧ coke oven additionally has a combustion space as a secondary heating space, which is positioned below the coke oven chamber and arranged through coking a gas passage in the non-front side of the furnace chamber is connected to the main heating space, and ‧ A coke oven chamber door is sealed on each side of the coking space, which is surrounded by the wall of the coke oven chamber surrounding the coke oven chamber door, and the ‧ times heating space is equipped with a flue gas duct and a secondary air a bottom for supplying combustion air, the secondary air bottom having a baffle for controlling combustion air, and characterized in that: ‧ at least one refractory duct travels through the wall of the coke oven chamber door above the coke oven chamber door or Passing through the ceiling of the coke oven chamber into the main heating space of the coke oven chamber, the pipe has at least one air inlet, and the opening of the pipe at the other end has an air inlet device or at least one device for generating pressure, by which the combustion air Introduced into the main heating space of the coke oven chamber.

The coke oven chamber wall surrounding the coke oven chamber door above the coke oven chamber door may have a fixed or flexible configuration. The air inlet means can be, for example, a free tube end, an inlet nozzle or a feed funnel, the ends of which are located in the atmosphere. The air inlet opening can be adjustable by means of a control device. The air inlet device can also have components that increase the flow rate. This can be, for example, a Venturi nozzle. The means for generating pressure can be, for example, a blower, a compressor, a pressure line or a pressure tank, by which compressed air can be supplied to the pipe.

In order to ensure an optimal distribution of air in the main heating space of the coke oven chamber, a plurality of conduits that travel through the main heating space may be provided. This will not only improve the distribution of air in the longitudinal direction of the furnace in the gas space, but also improve the distribution of combustion air in the transverse direction of the furnace in the main heating space. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the number of conduits that travel through the primary heating space is one to four. In theory, the number of pipes to be used may be installed; however, for practical reasons, the number is mostly limited to eight. If a plurality of pipes are selected, they can be provided with cross-connection lines inside and outside the coke oven chamber. The structural design of the piping is specified below to illustrate the structural design. If a plurality of pipes are selected, such structural designs may therefore be applied to components of several pipes or pipes, unless otherwise mentioned.

If a plurality of air outlets with proper alignment are provided in the conduit, introducing combustion air into the primary heating space via the conduit results in a uniform air curtain above the emitted coking gas. Due to the flow direction, this air curtain is instantaneously mixed with the coking gas. Thus, it is possible to achieve extremely uniform combustion throughout the gas space above the coal cake, which is significantly different from prior art aeration methods for the primary heating space of the coke oven chamber due to the direct supply of air. Thus, completely different aeration characteristics are obtained so that the heating of the coal cake from the main heating space can be significantly improved.

The distribution of air feed into the main heating space is also determined by the type of air outlet. In one embodiment of the invention, the conduit traveling through the primary heating space has a circular or elliptical cross section. The optimum cross-sectional area of the pipe in the form of a circle or ellipse ranges between 100 and 3000 cm ² depending on the furnace type. In another embodiment of the invention, the end of the pipe that travels through the primary heating space has a square or rectangular form. The optimum cross-sectional area of such square or rectangular forms also ranges between 100 and 3000 cm ² . The port can be provided in the pipeline by generating a port according to any method of current advanced technology. In this case, the method chosen is to punch the port into the pipe. Another method for providing a port in a pipe is to drill it.

In another embodiment of the invention, if the number of conduits in the coke oven chamber is greater than one, the conduits travel through the primary heating space at different chamber heights. For example, it is possible to provide one pipe at a height of 10 cm above the coal cake and another pipe at a height of 100 cm.

In order to fix the conduit for supplying air to the main heating chamber, for example by means of a refractory anchoring system in the roof of the coke oven chamber, the conduit through the main heating space is held. This system is secured to the pipe by means of a bracket, ring or by insertion into a pipe material. The anchoring system can be fixed on the top plate side during installation, for example by means of a transverse split pin. It is also possible to hold the pipe through the main heating space by means of a refractory anchoring system in the outer side wall of the coke oven chamber. The fixing can be carried out during installation, such as on the top panel, generally on the wall side, for example by means of a transverse split pin.

It is also possible to close the wall of the coke oven chamber door above the coke oven chamber door. A refractory support structure in the receiving aperture is provided to secure the conduit through the primary heating space. The wall of the closed coke oven chamber door is positioned above the furnace door and can be designed as a tightly fixed, immovable refractory wall. It can also be constructed of an external steel body that is internally refractory insulated, which can be exchanged for maintenance purposes. Therefore, it has a latch on the outside which makes it easy to remove the further side wall elements.

The support structure in the form of a receiving aperture is provided during construction of the coke oven chamber and is designed to ensure air tightness. The support structure is made of a refractory material known to those skilled in the art of coking, and a meteorite material or a high temperature resistant steel is mentioned as an example. These materials are also suitable for anchoring materials.

In another embodiment, at least one conduit travels through the coke oven chamber ceiling at at least one end. In this case, the pipe has a curvature in the main heating space in the coke oven chamber. As it travels through the ceiling of the coke oven chamber, the conduit typically travels through the coke oven chamber top plate at both ends such that the conduit having the ports in the coke oven chamber is U-shaped. In one embodiment of the invention, the conduit travels through the perforated aperture in the airtight brickwork through the ceiling of the coke oven chamber. In this case, the end or both ends of the pipe have an air supply and, if appropriate, an exhaust line.

The number of air outlets per pipe can basically be as large as you want. In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the number of air outlets in each conduit is 320. In an exemplary embodiment, the air outlets may be grouped along a pipeline, with a spacing between the groups ranging between 100 and 1000 mm. The section of the outlet section of the air outlet of the duct may be between 20 and 2000 mm ² depending on the furnace type. By arranging the air outlets in groups, the air can preferably travel to a position where the increased heat as indicated by the thermal image in the coke oven chamber occurs. If the air outlets are arranged in groups, the air outlets of each group may have the same or different cross-sectional forms or cross-sectional values.

The air outlet may be arranged in the duct at an angle of between 10 and 180 degrees from the vertical carrier passing through the top plate of the coke oven chamber. In another embodiment of the invention, at least one of the at least one air outlet has a nozzle-like attachment. This attachment may also be arranged at an angle of between 10 and 180 degrees to the vertical carrier passing through the ceiling of the coke oven chamber. It is possible to be parallel to the door of the coke oven chamber Align the attachments in the direction. However, the attachment can also be tilted towards the coke oven door as appropriate.

In a specific embodiment of the invention, the conduit is made of a material containing corundum. Materials containing corundum are well known to those skilled in coking. Structural materials containing corundum for coke ovens are described, for example, in the following teachings: H. Salmang, H. Scholze, "Keramik, All-gemeine Grundlage und wichtige Eigenschaften" ("Ceramics, General Basics and Essential Characteristics"), Verlag Axel Springer Publishing, 1st edition, Berlin, 1982.

In another embodiment, the pipe is made of a material containing barium carbide, a material containing recrystallized niobium carbide, a material containing vermiculite, a non-stainable high temperature steel or other refractory ceramic material, and the use limit temperature exceeds 1475. The typical temperature of °C primarily heats the space temperature and thus withstands such high temperatures without damage. The pipe may also be constructed in part from several materials mentioned. In the case where several pipes are used in the coke oven chamber, it is finally possible to manufacture several or all pipes made of one or several of the mentioned materials.

Descriptions relating to "recrystallized niobium carbide" materials are available on the Internet, for example: http://www.keramverband.de/keramik/deutsch/fachinfo/werkstoffe/karbid_kerarnik.htm (15.02.2012).

The recrystallized niobium carbide is a pure ceramic material having a chemical formula of SiC and an open porosity of about 11 to 15%. The ceramic material is burned from tantalum carbide at a very high temperature of 2300 to 2500 ° C, and the mixture of fine and coarse powder is converted into a tantalum carbide compact matrix at zero shrinkage. Compared to dense tantalum carbide ceramics, recrystallized tantalum carbide exhibits lower strength values due to its open porosity. However, it is characterized in that it has excellent resistance to temperature changes. Even in the case of recrystallizing tantalum carbide, the zero shrinkage manufacturing process allows for the production of large size components, which are mainly used as heavy energy combustion aids. The maximum operating temperature range is between 1600 and 1650 °C.

The pipe can also have a high emissive coating (HEB). Therefore, it can be more effective The high temperature prevailing in the coke oven chamber protects the pipeline. WO2008034493A1 describes a coke oven chamber type whose construction material has a high emissive coating to protect it against high temperatures. The coating can be provided throughout the pipe, but is preferably applied to the coke oven chamber.

In the preferred embodiment, the section of the conduit through the primary heating space can be sealed at both ends by a gate valve, cock, shaft or baffle extending into the environment. Alternatively, the volumetric flow rate can be adjusted by, for example, an orifice plate provided at the free end of the tube.

In another embodiment, the conduit may have an air supply blower, an air supply compressor, an air supply pressure reservoir, or an air supply line including a pressure relief valve at one end to ensure air supply. The other end can be sealed with a metal cap or a blocked mouth or even another exhaust line. The exhaust line is operated such that its pressure is higher than the pressure of the coke oven chamber to prevent the coke gas from being sucked back.

If an air supply line into the pipeline is used, for example, several coke oven chambers may be combined into a coke oven group, and the pipeline carrying the compressed air travels along one or both sides of the front surface of the coke oven chamber, at least one of which branches out from the branch For supplying air to the main heating space of the associated coke oven chamber, the pipe has a control device or valve positioned between the branch and the inlet into the coke oven chamber. Finally, the main gas pipe along the front side of the coke oven chamber may also have control valves that control the gas flow upstream of the branches of the pipe in sections.

The control device can be, for example, a cock, a gate valve, a shaft, an orifice plate, a nozzle or a baffle. The control device can also be a venturi nozzle that is used to increase the flow rate. Such a control device requires high temperatures in a coke oven factory. Although the control device can be operated manually, in a preferred embodiment it is automatically controlled. Remote control can be implemented by electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic or even mechanical control. The control device can also be remotely controlled by wireless transmission.

The method of the invention and the apparatus of the invention involve the advantage that the primary combustion air system is introduced directly into the main heating space of the coke oven chamber to achieve a significantly more uniform distribution of the combustion air in the main heating space of the coke oven chamber. As a result, it is possible to achieve significantly improved coke quality and significantly improved process economic efficiency.

The invention is illustrated in more detail by means of the six figures, which are merely illustrative of specific examples and not limited to such exemplary embodiments.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a coke oven chamber having a conduit of the present invention. Figure 2 shows a front elevational view of a coke oven chamber having two conduits of the present invention connected to two main gas tubes on either side of the coke oven chamber. Figure 3 shows a front elevational view of a coke oven chamber having three tubes of the present invention, one of which has a square cross section and is sealed at both ends by a sealing mouth. Figure 4 shows a front elevational view of a coke oven chamber having two conduits of the present invention with its ends traveling through the ceiling of the coke oven chamber. Figure 5 shows a front view of a coke oven chamber with two ducts with nozzle-like attachments. Figure 6 shows the same coke oven chamber as Figure 1, but with a venturi nozzle at the air inlet tube end.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a coke oven chamber (1) having a main heating space (3) traveling through a coke oven chamber (1) and introducing air (5) into the coking via an air inlet (4) Pipe (2) in the furnace chamber (1). The coke oven chamber (1) contains a coal cake (6) to be carbonized. On one side of the coke oven chamber (1), there is a main gas pipe (7) carrying compressed air which is connected via a branch (7a) and a blower (8) to a pipe (2) running through the coke oven chamber (1). The pipe (2) in the coke oven chamber (1) has a plurality of air outlets (4), some of which are circular (4a) and others are rectangular (4b). A blower (8) is used to introduce compressed air (9) into the conduit (2), which is controlled by a valve (10). Compressed air (9) flows through the air outlet (4) into the main heating space (3) of the coke oven chamber (1), thus supplying combustion air to it over the entire length of the main heating space. In the top plate (11), there is also an air inlet opening (12) having an adjustment flap (12a). According to the prior art, it is provided to introduce air from the outside into the coke oven chamber (1). The pipe (2) is anchored in the top plate (11) of the coke oven chamber (1) by means of a refractory anchoring system (2a). On the other side, the pipe (2) is connected to the main gas pipe (7b) of the exhaust gas, the pressure level is lower than the pressure level of the supply main pipe (7) but higher than the main heating space of the coke oven chamber (1) (3) The pressure level. The exhaust line (7b) has a control valve (10a). Compressed air (9) is secured in the main heating space (3) The medium-even combustion method is distributed in the coke oven chamber (1). A gas passage (14) provided in the side wall conveys the combustion gas (13) to the secondary heating space (15), which is positioned below the coke oven chamber (1). The secondary heating space is also equipped with an adjustable air inlet valve (15a). The figure shows a coke oven chamber door (16) with an upper wall (17) surrounding the coke oven chamber door, the wall guiding the pipe (2) into the coke oven chamber via a support (17a). The valve (10) and thus the volume of air supplied (9) are controlled by a computer (18).

Figure 2 shows a front view of the turning of the same coke oven chamber (1), through which the two ducts (2) comprising the air outlet (4) pass through the main heating space (3) of the furnace chamber. During operation, the coke gas (6a) is degassed from the coke cake (6) into the main heating space (3). According to the invention, the air (5) is introduced into the main heating space (3) above the coal cake (6) via the air outlet (4). Since the air is introduced in this manner (5), the introduction surface to the entire main heating space (3) appears to be optimized. This is used to achieve extremely uniform combustion throughout the main heating space (3). The air supply (5) is ensured by the supply air pressurization (9) dominated the air pipe (7). The air supply (5) is achieved by controlling the main air pipe (7) step by step by means of a control valve (10). Here the control valve (10) is designed as a baffle (10b) and is controlled by an automated mode computer. A side channel (14) having an inspection opening (14a) in the top plate (11) of the coke oven chamber (1) is also shown. The actual top plate (11) of the coke oven chamber (1) and the coke oven chamber door (16) are not shown for reasons of clarity.

Figure 3 also shows a front view of the same coke oven chamber (1) with a square section (2b) with another square section (2b). The square pipe has a sealing mouth (2c) at both ends and is sealed with a sealing mouth (2c). The air is supplied to the pipes of two other circular sections (2e) via a cross connection (2d) which supplies compressed air (9) from the control main gas pipe (7). Since the air is introduced in this manner (5), uniform combustion occurs in the entire main heating space (3). The pipe (2) of circular section (2e) has a rectangular air outlet (4b), and the pipe (2) of square section (2b) has an air outlet (4) of circular section (4a).

Figure 4 shows a front view of the turning of the coke oven chamber (1) with two circular cross-section (2e) ducts (2) and another square cross-section (2b) duct (2). Pipeline (2) It is connected to an air supply main air pipe (7) for supplying compressed air (9) controlled by a valve (10) to the pipe. The square pipe (2b) travels through the wall of the enclosed coke oven chamber door (17, not shown), while the two circular sections (2e) pipe (2) travel (2f) through the coke oven room ceiling (11) Hole in the middle (12). The circular section (2e) duct (2) has a rectangular air outlet (4b), and the square section (2b) duct has a circular section (4a) air outlet (4). When the pipe is passed through the top plate (11), it is possible to provide the pipe in a space-saving arrangement. The exhaust (7b) is also regulated by means of a valve (10) and is controlled in a wireless mode.

Figure 5 shows a front view of the coke oven chamber (1). It shows the coke oven chamber (1), the coal cake (6) to be carbonized, the main heating space (3) and the secondary heating space (15). The primary heating space (3) and the secondary heating space (15) are connected to each other via side channels (14) having control means (14b). The secondary heating space (15) is shown with a component flue gas passage (15b) and a secondary air bottom (15c). According to the invention, the main heating space (3) has two ducts (2), one of which has a circular cross section (2e) and the other of which has a square cross section (2b). The circular section (2e) pipe (2) is fixed in the side wall (19) by means of an anchoring system (2a), and the square section (2b) pipe (2) is fixed to the coke oven chamber by means of an anchoring system (2a) In the top plate (11). The two pipes (2) each have a nozzle-like attachment (4c) and are α (here 90°) and β (here 135°) with respect to the vertical carrier (11a) from the top plate (11) of the coke oven chamber. The corner travels. By injecting air into (5) the main heating space (3), the air curtain (5a) is formed above the coal cake (6), and it is directly mixed with the rising coke gas (6a), thus allowing extremely uniform combustion to occur.

Figure 6 shows the coke oven chamber (1) of Figure 1 with ambient air drawn into the main heating space (3) via an open section (20) extending into the free tube end of the environment (20), the main heating space (3) The pressure difference between the vacuum present and the ambient pressure prevailing at the inlet side acts as a driving force. The tube end shape in this exemplary embodiment is a nozzle (20a) that operates according to the venturi principle.

1‧‧‧Coke oven room

2‧‧‧ Pipes

2a‧‧‧ anchoring system in the wall

2b‧‧‧Square cross-section pipe

2c‧‧‧Blocking mouth

2d‧‧‧cross connection

2e‧‧‧Pipe with circular cross section

2f‧‧‧The pipe that travels through the roof

3‧‧‧Main heating space

4‧‧‧Air outlet

4a‧‧‧Circular cross-section air outlet

4b‧‧‧Square cross-section air outlet

4c‧‧‧Nozzle-like accessories

5‧‧‧Introduced air

5a‧‧ Air curtain

6‧‧‧ coal cake

6a‧‧‧ coking gas

7‧‧‧ dominant trachea

Branch of 7a‧‧

7b‧‧‧Exhaust main conduit

8‧‧‧Blowers

9‧‧‧Compressed air

10‧‧‧ valve

10a‧‧‧Valve of exhaust line

10b‧‧‧Baffle

11‧‧‧Coke oven room roof

11a‧‧‧Vertical carrier passing through the top plate of the coke oven chamber

12‧‧‧ Hole in the top plate of the coke oven chamber

12a‧‧‧Control valve

13‧‧‧Partially burnt coking gas

14‧‧‧Gas conduit in the side wall of the coke oven chamber

14a‧‧‧Check opening

14b‧‧‧Control unit for side channel

15‧‧‧second heating space

15a‧‧‧ gas inlet valve for secondary heating space

15b‧‧‧ flue gas pipeline

15c‧‧‧ secondary air bottom

16‧‧‧Coke oven door

17‧‧‧Enclosed the wall of the coke oven chamber door

17a‧‧‧Support structure in the wall of the closed coke oven chamber door

18‧‧‧ computer

19‧‧‧Coke oven chamber side wall

20‧‧‧Air inlet opening

20a‧‧‧Nozzles

1‧‧‧Coke oven room

2‧‧‧ Pipes

2a‧‧‧ anchoring system in the wall

3‧‧‧Main heating space

4‧‧‧Air outlet

4a‧‧‧Circular cross-section air outlet

4b‧‧‧Square cross-section air outlet

5‧‧‧Introduced air

6‧‧‧ coal cake

9‧‧‧Compressed air

10‧‧‧ valve

10a‧‧‧Valve of exhaust line

11‧‧‧Coke oven room roof

13‧‧‧Partially burnt coking gas

14‧‧‧Gas conduit in the side wall of the coke oven chamber

15‧‧‧second heating space

15a‧‧‧ gas inlet valve for secondary heating space

16‧‧‧Coke oven door

17‧‧‧Enclosed the wall of the coke oven chamber door

17a‧‧‧Support structure in the wall of the closed coke oven chamber door

20‧‧‧Air inlet opening

Claims (41)

A method for optimizing the feed air (5) feed surface of a main heating space (3) entering a non-recovery or heat recovery type coke oven chamber (1) according to the method for coal (6) The carbonized non-recovery or heat recovery type coke oven chamber (1) feeds the coal, leaving the gas space (3) above the coal batch (6) empty, so that a formation is formed above the coal batch (6) Mainly heating the space (3), and heating the coal (6) to a high temperature such that it is cyclically carbonized into coke (6) by degassing the volatile components and supplying a substoichiometric amount of air (5) The coke gas (6a) obtained in the gas space (3) above the coal batch (6) is at least intermittently burned, and the partially burned coke gas (13) is guided through the laterally extending passage (14). In the secondary heating space (15), the secondary heating space (15) is positioned below the coke oven chamber (1), wherein a certain amount of air (15c) is used to completely burn it, which is characterized by: the air (5) Is supplied via a conduit (2) that travels through the main heating space (3) of the coke oven chamber (1) and has at least one within the main heating space (3) of the coke oven chamber (1) An air outlet (4), and the combustion air (5) is drawn into the coke oven chamber via the duct (2) and the air outlets (4) due to a vacuum generally prevailing in the coke oven chamber (1) (1) introduced into the coke oven chamber (1) by means of one or more pressure generating devices (8), the one or more pressure generating devices pressurize the combustion air (5) and transmit it through The air outlets (4) enter the coke oven chamber (1). The method of claim 1, wherein the pipe (2) is designed as An air inlet device that extends to the free end (20) in the environment and that is inhaled from the tube end (20) per unit of time by means of a component (20a) operating in accordance with the Venturi principle. The amount of air in the main heating space (3) of the coke oven chamber (1). The method of claim 1, characterized in that the combustion air is used as a means for generating pressure by means of a compressor (8), a blower (8), a pressure storage tank (7) or a pressure line (7). Injection into the conduit (2), the air being controllable by a pressure relief valve (10) such that the air (9) flows over the outlet (4) of the conduit (2) or such The outlet (4) enters the main heating space (3). The method of claim 3, characterized in that the air (9) is injected into the pipeline at an overpressure of 0.1 to 45 mbar. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the air (9) is preheated. The method of claim 5, characterized in that the air (9) is preheated to a temperature of from 150 to 1250 °C. The method of claim 5, characterized in that the air (9) is preheated to a temperature of from 500 to 1000 °C. The method of any one of clauses 1 to 7, wherein the air feed stream (5) entering the at least one conduit (2) is controlled by a device (10) or a valve (10) ) to control. The method of claim 8 is characterized in that the air feed stream (5) entering at least one conduit (2) is measured by a flow meter, and then the air feed stream is based on the same amount The measured value is controlled by the control device (10). The method of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a plurality of coke oven chambers (1) are combined in a coke oven group and enter at least one through the coke oven chamber (1) The air feed stream (5) of the conduit (2) is introduced from the main gas tube (7) which extends along the front side of the coke oven chamber of the coke oven group. The method of claim 10, characterized in that the air feed stream (9) passing through the duct (2) which is branched into the coke oven chamber (1) from the main air duct (7) is The pipe (2) is led back to the main gas pipe (7) in a loop form in at least one pipe (2). The method of any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a plurality of coke oven chambers (1) are combined in a coke oven group and in the coke oven chamber (1) A main air pipe (7) is provided on one side, and the air flow (9) passing through the pipe (2) or the pipes (2) entering the main heating space (3) of the coke oven chamber (1) is One of the main air pipes (7) on one side travels to the other main air pipe (7b) on the other side, and the air feed flow (9) entering the coke oven chamber (1) through the pipe (2) The dominant trachea (7b) travels from the dominant trachea (7) to the opposite side. The method of claim 12, characterized in that the two main air pipes (7) are combined at the end of the coke oven group (1) to form an outer annular line (7) by means of the outer annular line ( 7) supplying compressed air (9) to the pipes (2) traveling into the coke oven chamber (1) in the direction of flow of the air. The method of any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the air (9) injected into the pipes (2) is enriched with oxygen, steam or nitrogen. A coking for optimizing the combustion air (5) feed surface of a main heating space (3) of a coke oven chamber (1) which is used for carbonization of coal (6) by a non-recovery or heat recovery type process Furnace (1), wherein the coke oven (1) consists of a coke oven chamber (1) having an arched coking space (11) and having a gas space above the coal cake (6) as a main heating space (3) for Coal (6) is carbonized, and the coke oven (1) additionally has a combustion space as a secondary heating space (15) positioned below the coke oven chamber (1) and via a non-arrangement in the coke oven chamber (1) The gas passages in the front side (19) are connected to the main heating space (3), and the front side of each of the coke oven chamber doors (16) seals the coking space (3), and the coking space (3) is at the door (16) The upper portion is surrounded by a coke oven chamber wall (17) surrounding the coke oven chamber door, and the secondary heating space (15) is equipped with a flue gas duct (15b) and an underlying secondary air bottom (15c). For supplying combustion air, the secondary air bottom has a baffle (15a) for controlling the combustion air, characterized in that at least one refractory pipe (2) travels above the coke oven chamber door (16) The wall of the enclosed coke oven chamber door (17) or the top plate (11) of the coke oven chamber enters the main heating space (3) of the coke oven chamber (1), the pipe having at least one air outlet (5) And the opening (7b) of the pipe (2) at the other end has an air inlet means or at least one means for generating pressure, by which the combustion air (5) can be introduced into the main heating space of the coke oven chamber (1) (3) Medium. The coke oven (1) according to claim 15 is characterized in that the pipe (2) is an air inlet device, which is provided with a free pipe end (20), an inlet nozzle (20) or an inlet funnel on the end side. (20), the end of which is located in the atmosphere. The coke oven (1) of claim 16 is characterized in that: the nozzle (20) or the free pipe end (20) of at least one pipe (2) is equipped with a Venturi nozzle (Venturi nozzle). (20a). The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 17, wherein at least one end of the pipe (2) has a blower (8), a compressor (8), and a pressure line (7). Or a pressure tank (7) by which compressed air (9) is supplied to the pipe (2). A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the number of pipes (2) traveling through the main heating space (3) is one to four. The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that at least one pipe (2) traveling through the main heating space (3) has a circular or elliptical cross section ( 4a). The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that at least one pipe (2) traveling through the main heating space (3) has a square or rectangular cross section (4b) ). A coke oven (1) according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the pipe (2b) of a circular, elliptical (4a), rectangular or square section (4b) has a cut of 100 to 3000 cm ² Area value. The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that, if the number of pipes (2) in the coke oven chamber (1) is greater than one, the pipes (2) The system travels through the main heating space (3) at different chamber heights. The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 23, characterized in that at least one pipe (2) passing through the main heating space (3) is passed through the coke oven chamber ( 1) The refractory anchoring system (2a) in the top plate (11) is held. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that It is that at least one pipe (2) passing through the main heating space (3) is held by means of a refractory anchoring system (2a) in the outer side wall (19) of the coke oven chamber (1). A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 25, characterized in that at least one pipe (2) passing through the main heating space (3) is by means of the coke oven chamber door (16) The refractory support structure (17a) in the upper wall (17) is held. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 26, characterized in that at least one pipe (2) travels through the coke oven chamber top plate at at least one location (12) ( 11). A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 27, characterized in that at least one pipe (2) has a number of air outlets (4) between 1 and 320. The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 28, characterized in that the air outlets (4) along the duct (2) are arranged in groups, between the groups The spacing ranges from 100 to 1000 mm. The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 29, characterized in that the pipe (2) or the air outlets (4) in the pipes (2) are The vertical carrier (11a) passing through the top plate (11) of the coke oven chamber (1) is arranged at an angle (α, β) between 10° and 180°. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 30, characterized in that at least one of the at least one duct (2) has a nozzle-like attachment. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 31, characterized in that at least one of the at least one air outlet (4) has a flow between 20 and 2000 mm ² Cross-sectional area. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 32, characterized in that at least one of the pipes (2) is made of a material containing corundum. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 32, characterized in that at least one of the pipes (2) is made of a material containing cerium carbide. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 32, characterized in that the at least one pipe (2) is made of a material containing recrystallized tantalum carbide. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 32, characterized in that at least one of the pipes (2) is made of a material containing vermiculite. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 32, characterized in that at least one of the pipes (2) is made of non-stainable high temperature resistant steel. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 32, characterized in that at least one of the pipes (2) is made of a refractory ceramic material which is optionally selected. A coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 38, characterized in that the at least one pipe (2) has a high emissive coating (HEB). The coke oven (1) according to any one of claims 15 to 39, characterized in that a plurality of coke oven chambers (1) are combined in a coke oven group (1), and a pipeline for carrying compressed air (7) traveling along one or both sides of the front side of the coke oven chamber, at least one of the ducts (2) branching therefrom (7a) for supplying to the main heating space (3) of the associated coke oven chamber (1) Air (5) having a control device (10) or valve (10) positioned between the branch (7a) and the inlet into the coke oven chamber (1). A coke oven (1) according to claim 40, characterized in that the control device (10) is a cock, a gate valve, a rotating shaft, an orifice plate, a nozzle, a venturi nozzle or a baffle (10b).