TW201348823A - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Liquid crystal display Download PDF

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Publication number
TW201348823A
TW201348823A TW102114737A TW102114737A TW201348823A TW 201348823 A TW201348823 A TW 201348823A TW 102114737 A TW102114737 A TW 102114737A TW 102114737 A TW102114737 A TW 102114737A TW 201348823 A TW201348823 A TW 201348823A
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
optical compensation
compensation region
retardation
film
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TW102114737A
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Chinese (zh)
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Tatsuya Iwasaki
Hiroyuki Kaihoko
Taku Wakita
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Fujifilm Corp
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Publication of TW201348823A publication Critical patent/TW201348823A/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134363Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1337Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
    • G02F1/133738Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homogeneous alignment

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Polarising Elements (AREA)

Abstract

An in-plane switching mode liquid crystal display having enhanced black display property and reduced tone change is provided. The liquid crystal display includes in sequence: a first polarizer; a first optical compensation region; a liquid crystal cell including a first substrate, liquid crystal layer and a second substrate; a second optical compensation region; and a second polarizer. When displaying black, the liquid crystal molecule included in the liquid crystal layer is oriented in parallel with respected to surfaces of the pair of substrates. The sum of retardation Rthsub (550) of the first substrate and the second substrate in thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is 3 nm ≤ |Rthsub(550)| ≤ 60 nm. The sum of retardation Rth1(550) of the first substrate, the second substrate and the first optical compensation region in thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is -135 to 25 nm.

Description

液晶顯示裝置 Liquid crystal display device

本發明是關於一種面內切換(In-Plane Switching,IPS)模式、邊緣電場切換(Fringe Field Switching,FFS)模式等橫電場方式的液晶顯示裝置。 The present invention relates to a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device such as an In-Plane Switching (IPS) mode or a Fringe Field Switching (FFS) mode.

IPS型及FFS型的液晶顯示裝置並非是如扭轉向列(Twisted Nematic,TN)型或垂直配向(Vertical Alignment,VA)型般在上下基板間施加電場,藉由液晶分子的上升而進行驅動的模式,而是藉由包含與基板面大致平行的成分的電場而使液晶分子在基板面內方向應答的稱為橫電場方式的方式(模式)。 The liquid crystal display devices of the IPS type and the FFS type are not driven by an electric field between the upper and lower substrates, such as a twisted nematic (TN) type or a vertical alignment type (VA), and are driven by rising liquid crystal molecules. The mode is a mode (mode) called a transverse electric field method in which liquid crystal molecules are caused to respond in the in-plane direction of the substrate by an electric field including a component substantially parallel to the substrate surface.

另外,IPS型及FFS型由於是根據其結構而原理上對視角的限制少的方式,故而作為具有視角廣而且色度偏移、色調變化少等特性的驅動方式為人所知。近年來除電視用途以外開始在自移動終端用的顯示裝置至專業用的高精細、高畫質用途廣泛地普及。 In addition, since the IPS type and the FFS type have a principle that the viewing angle is limited in principle according to the configuration, it is known as a driving method having characteristics such as wide viewing angle, small chromaticity shift, and small change in color tone. In recent years, in addition to television use, it has been widely used in display devices from mobile terminals to high-definition and high-definition applications for professional use.

在這些橫電場方式的液晶顯示裝置中,亦已知如下構成:藉由將夾持液晶胞的偏光板的保護膜設為各向同性的膜,而不妨礙上述液晶胞所具備的優點而加以利用。(例如日本專利特開 2010-107953號公報) In the liquid crystal display device of the horizontal electric field type, a configuration is also known in which the protective film of the polarizing plate that sandwiches the liquid crystal cell is an isotropic film, and the advantages of the liquid crystal cell are not hindered. use. (eg Japanese Patent Special Open Bulletin 2010-107953)

然而,在該構成中,並未研究起因於偏光元件的補償,而尤其是必需對自斜向的視認時的由漏光所導致的對比度(contrast)降低或色移(color shift)進行光學補償。因此提出藉由配置光學各向異性層而以顯示裝置整體研究補償的橫電場方式的液晶顯示裝置。(例如日本專利特開2005-309382號公報、日本專利特開2007-279411號公報) However, in this configuration, compensation due to the polarizing element has not been studied, and in particular, it is necessary to optically compensate for a contrast reduction or a color shift caused by light leakage at the time of viewing from the oblique direction. Therefore, a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device in which the display device as a whole is studied by arranging the optically anisotropic layer is proposed. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2005-309382, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. 2007-279411)

作為這些光學各向異性層,大多使用發揮作為λ/2板的功能的光學各向異性,作為其原理,認為是藉由如日本專利特開2009-122151號公報的記載般的機制而進行補償。認為光學各向異性層只要為可表現其功能的構成,則並無特別限定,迄今為止提出各種各樣的構成。然而,發明者對各種構成進行調查,結果判明若僅藉由配置該發揮作為λ/2板的功能的各向異性層,則黑顯示性能的改善、及色調變化的減輕等光學補償能力不充分。 As the optically anisotropic layer, optical anisotropy which functions as a λ/2 plate is often used, and the principle is considered to be compensated by a mechanism as described in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2009-122151. . The optically anisotropic layer is not particularly limited as long as it can exhibit its function, and various configurations have been proposed so far. However, the inventors have investigated the various configurations, and as a result, it has been found that the optical compensation ability such as improvement in black display performance and reduction in color tone change is insufficient if only the anisotropic layer functioning as a λ/2 plate is disposed. .

本發明以解決上述問題為課題,具體而言,以提供一種提高黑顯示性能、減輕色調變化的液晶顯示裝置為課題。 The present invention has been made in an effort to solve the above problems, and in particular, to provide a liquid crystal display device which improves black display performance and reduces color tone change.

發明者等人對上述課題進行努力研究,結果得知,存在配置於液晶胞基板上的彩色濾光片(Color Filter)或薄膜電晶體(Thin Film Transistor,TFT)等構成構件所具有的延遲(retardation),該延遲的存在會妨礙理想的光學補償。 As a result of intensive studies on the above-mentioned problems, the inventors have found that there are delays in constituent members such as a color filter or a thin film transistor (TFT) disposed on a liquid crystal cell substrate ( Retardation), the presence of this delay can impede ideal optical compensation.

基於該見解進行研究,結果發現,藉由配置為利用先前橫電場方式的液晶顯示裝置用所研究的光學各向異性層、及補償上述基板上的構成構件所具有的延遲的光學補償層來夾持液晶胞,可補償先前未研究的液晶胞基板所具有的延遲,從而完成本發明。 Based on this finding, it was found that the liquid crystal display device of the prior art is configured to use the optically anisotropic layer to be studied and the optical compensation layer for compensating for the retardation of the constituent members on the substrate. The liquid crystal cell is used to compensate for the retardation of the liquid crystal cell substrate which has not been previously studied, thereby completing the present invention.

具體而言,用以解決上述課題的方法為下述[1]的方法,較佳為下述[2]~[15]的方法。 Specifically, the method for solving the above problems is the method of the following [1], and the methods of the following [2] to [15] are preferable.

[1]一種液晶顯示裝置,其特徵在於依序包括:第1偏光元件;第1光學補償區域;液晶胞,包括第1基板、液晶層、及第2基板;第2光學補償區域;以及第2偏光元件,在黑顯示時,上述液晶層所包括的液晶分子相對於上述一對基板的表面平行地配向,上述第1基板、上述第2基板所具有的在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rthsub(550)為3 nm≦|Rthsub(550)|≦60 nm,並且上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~25 nm。 [1] A liquid crystal display device comprising: a first polarizing element; a first optical compensation region; and a liquid crystal cell including a first substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a second substrate; a second optical compensation region; In the case of black display, the liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal layer are aligned in parallel with respect to the surface of the pair of substrates, and the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate and the second substrate at a wavelength of 550 nm The total value Rth sub (550) is 3 nm ≦ | Rth sub (550) | ≦ 60 nm, and the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region at a wavelength of 550 nm The total value of Rth 1 (550) is -135 to 25 nm.

[2]如[1]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域的波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2(550)為100~250 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2(550)為-150~10 nm。 [2] The liquid crystal display device according to [1], wherein the second optical compensation region has an in-plane retardation Re 2 (550) of a wavelength of 550 nm of 100 to 250 nm and a retardation Rth 2 of a wavelength direction of 550 nm. (550) is -150~10 nm.

[3]如[1]或[2]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域由一層構成,上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~5 nm。 [3] The liquid crystal display device according to [1], wherein the second optical compensation region is composed of one layer, and the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region have a wavelength of 550 nm. The total value of the retardation Rth 1 (550) in the thickness direction is -135 to 5 nm.

[4]如[1]或[2]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學 補償區域包括至少兩層。 [4] The liquid crystal display device according to [1] or [2] wherein the second optical The compensation area includes at least two layers.

[5]如[4]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域的一層的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為50~200 nm,另一層的波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為70~150 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為-150~-70 nm。 [5] The liquid crystal display device according to [4], wherein a retardation Rth 2C (550) in a thickness direction of a layer of the second optical compensation region of 550 nm is 50 to 200 nm, and a wavelength of another layer is 550 nm. The in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) is 70 to 150 nm, and the retardation Rth 2B (550) in the thickness direction of 550 nm is -150 to -70 nm.

[6]如[5]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-45~25 nm。 [6] The liquid crystal display device according to the above [5], wherein the total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the wavelength of 550 nm of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region is - 45~25 nm.

[7]如[4]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域的上述一層的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為-200~-50 nm,上述另一層的波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為50~200 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為50~200 nm。 [7] The liquid crystal display device according to [4], wherein a retardation Rth 2C (550) in a thickness direction of a wavelength of 550 nm of the layer of the second optical compensation region is -200 to -50 nm, and the other layer is The in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is 50 to 200 nm, and the retardation Rth 2B (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is 50 to 200 nm.

[8]如[7]所述的液晶表示裝置,其中上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-75~25 nm。 [8] The liquid crystal display device according to [7], wherein the total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region at a wavelength of 550 nm is - 75~25 nm.

[9]如[1]至[8]中任一項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1及第2光學補償區域的至少一者包括聚合物膜。 [9] The liquid crystal display device according to any one of [1] to [8] wherein at least one of the first and second optical compensation regions includes a polymer film.

[10]如[9]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述聚合物膜是選自醯化纖維素系膜、環狀烯烴系聚合物膜、或丙烯酸系聚合物膜。 [10] The liquid crystal display device according to [9], wherein the polymer film is selected from the group consisting of a deuterated cellulose film, a cyclic olefin polymer film, or an acrylic polymer film.

[11]如[9]或[10]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述聚合物膜的厚度為1~90 μm。 [11] The liquid crystal display device according to [9], wherein the polymer film has a thickness of 1 to 90 μm.

[12]如[10]或[11]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述丙烯酸 系聚合物膜包括包含選自內酯環單元、順丁烯二酸酐單元、及戊二酸酐單元中的至少一種單元的丙烯酸系聚合物。 [12] The liquid crystal display device of [10] or [11], wherein the acrylic acid The polymer film includes an acrylic polymer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a lactone ring unit, a maleic anhydride unit, and a glutaric anhydride unit.

[13]如[1]至[12]中任一項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1偏光元件或上述第2偏光元件的至少一者是由光學補償區域與偏光板保護膜所夾持的偏光板。 [13] The liquid crystal display device according to any one of [1] to [12] wherein at least one of the first polarizing element or the second polarizing element is sandwiched by an optical compensation region and a polarizing plate protective film Holding a polarizing plate.

[14]如[13]所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述保護膜的厚度為10~80 μm。 [14] The liquid crystal display device according to [13], wherein the protective film has a thickness of 10 to 80 μm.

[15]如[1]至[14]中任一項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1偏光元件或第2偏光元件的厚度為50 μm以下。 [15] The liquid crystal display device according to any one of [1], wherein the first polarizing element or the second polarizing element has a thickness of 50 μm or less.

根據本發明,可提供一種提高黑顯示性能、及減輕色調變化的橫電場方式的液晶顯示裝置。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device which improves black display performance and reduces color tone change.

2、3‧‧‧電極 2, 3‧‧‧ electrodes

4‧‧‧配向膜的摩擦方向 4‧‧‧The direction of rubbing of the alignment film

5a、5b、6a、6b‧‧‧液晶分子配向方向 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b‧‧‧ alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules

10‧‧‧液晶胞 10‧‧‧Liquid cell

11‧‧‧第1基板 11‧‧‧1st substrate

12‧‧‧液晶層 12‧‧‧Liquid layer

12a‧‧‧液晶層內的液晶分子的遲相軸方向(黑顯示[未施加電 場時]時) 12a‧‧‧The direction of the slow phase of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (black display [no power applied] Field time]

13‧‧‧彩色濾光片 13‧‧‧Color filters

14‧‧‧畫素電極 14‧‧‧ pixel electrodes

15‧‧‧第2基板 15‧‧‧2nd substrate

20‧‧‧第1偏光元件 20‧‧‧1st polarizing element

20a‧‧‧第1偏光元件的吸收軸 20a‧‧‧Absorption axis of the first polarizing element

22‧‧‧第2偏光元件 22‧‧‧2nd polarizing element

22a‧‧‧第2偏光元件的吸收軸 22a‧‧‧Absorption axis of the second polarizing element

24‧‧‧第1相位差區域 24‧‧‧1st phase difference zone

26‧‧‧第2相位差區域 26‧‧‧2nd phase difference zone

28‧‧‧保護膜 28‧‧‧Protective film

30‧‧‧背光單元 30‧‧‧Backlight unit

圖1是本發明的IPS型液晶顯示裝置的一例的剖面示意圖。 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an IPS liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

圖2是本發明可利用的畫素區域例的概略圖。 Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a pixel region usable in the present invention.

圖3是本發明的IPS型液晶顯示裝置的另一例的剖面示意圖。 Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the IPS liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

圖4是本發明的FFS型液晶顯示裝置的一例的剖面模式圖。 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an FFS liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

圖5是本發明的FFS型液晶顯示裝置的另一例的剖面示意圖。 Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of the FFS liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

以下,對本發明的液晶顯示裝置的一實施形態及其構成 構件依序進行說明。另外,在本說明書中,使用「~」所表示的數值範圍意指包含「~」的前後所記載的數值作為下限值及上限值的範圍。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention and a configuration thereof The components are described in order. In addition, in this specification, the numerical range represented by "~" means the range of the numerical value contained in the front-back and the upper-limit value containing the "~".

在本說明書中,關於光學性的軸的關係,設為包含本發明所屬的技術領域中可容許的誤差。具體而言,所謂「平行」、「正交」,意指精密角度±未達10°的範圍內,較佳為±未達5°,更佳為±未達3°。另外,所謂「垂直配向」,意指較精密垂直的角度±未達20°的範圍內,較佳為±未達15°,更佳為±未達10°。另外,「遲相軸」意指折射率成為最大的方向。進而,折射率的測定波長只要未特別記述,則為可見光區域的λ=550 nm下的值。 In the present specification, the relationship of the optical axis is tolerable in the technical field to which the present invention pertains. Specifically, the term "parallel" or "orthogonal" means that the precise angle ± is less than 10°, preferably ± less than 5°, more preferably ± less than 3°. In addition, the term "vertical alignment" means a more precise vertical angle ± less than 20°, preferably ± less than 15°, more preferably ± less than 10°. In addition, the "late phase axis" means the direction in which the refractive index becomes maximum. Further, the measurement wavelength of the refractive index is a value at λ = 550 nm in the visible light region unless otherwise specified.

在本說明書中,所謂「偏光板」,只要未特別說明,則是以包括長條的偏光板及裁切(在本說明書中,將「裁切」設為亦包括「衝壓」及「切出」等)成可組入液晶裝置中的大小的偏光板兩者的含義而使用。另外,在本說明書中,對「偏光元件」及「偏光板」加以區別而使用,將「偏光板」設為意指在「偏光元件」的至少單面具有保護該偏光元件的透明保護膜的積層體。 In the present specification, the "polarizing plate" is a polarizing plate including a long strip and cutting as long as it is not particularly described (in the present specification, "cutting" is also included as "punching" and "cutting out". It is used in the meaning of both polarizing plates of a size which can be incorporated in a liquid crystal device. In the present specification, the "polarizing element" and the "polarizing plate" are used differently, and the "polarizing plate" is defined as a transparent protective film that protects the polarizing element on at least one side of the "polarizing element". Laminated body.

另外,在本說明書中,Re(λ)、Rth(λ)分別表示在波長λ的面內的延遲及厚度方向的延遲。本案說明書中,在未特別記載時,將波長λ設為550 nm。Re(λ)是在KOBRA 21ADH或WR(王子計測機器股份有限公司製造)中使波長λ nm的光於膜法線方向入射而測定。在選擇測定波長λ nm時,可手動更換波長選擇過濾器、或利用程式等改變測定值而進行測定。 Further, in the present specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) respectively indicate a retardation in the plane of the wavelength λ and a retardation in the thickness direction. In the present specification, the wavelength λ is set to 550 nm unless otherwise specified. Re (λ) is measured by causing light having a wavelength of λ nm to enter the film normal direction in KOBRA 21ADH or WR (manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.). When the measurement wavelength λ nm is selected, the wavelength selection filter can be manually replaced or the measurement value can be changed by a program or the like.

在測定的膜為由單軸或雙軸的折射率橢圓體所表示的膜的情況下,Rth(λ)是藉由以下方法算出。 In the case where the film to be measured is a film represented by a uniaxial or biaxial refractive index ellipsoid, Rth(λ) is calculated by the following method.

Rth(λ)是以面內的遲相軸(藉由KOBRA 21ADH或WR而判斷)為傾斜軸(旋轉軸)(在無遲相軸的情況下以膜面內的任意方向作為旋轉軸),相對於膜法線方向,自法線方向至單側50度以10度間隔(step)由各該傾斜的方向入射波長λ nm的光,測定全部六處上述Re(λ),基於該測定的延遲值與平均折射率的假定值及輸入的膜厚值由KOBRA 21ADH或WR算出。 Rth(λ) is an in-plane slow axis (determined by KOBRA 21ADH or WR) as a tilt axis (rotation axis) (in the case of no slow phase axis, any direction in the film plane is used as the rotation axis), With respect to the normal direction of the film, light having a wavelength of λ nm is incident from each of the oblique directions at a step of 10 degrees from the normal direction to 50 degrees on one side, and all of the above-mentioned Re(λ) are measured, based on the measurement. The assumed value of the retardation value and the average refractive index and the input film thickness value are calculated by KOBRA 21ADH or WR.

在上述中,自法線方向以面內的遲相軸為旋轉軸而在某傾斜角度上具有延遲的值成為零的方向的膜的情況下,大於該傾斜角度的傾斜角度下的延遲值是將其符號變更為負後,由KOBRA 21ADH或WR算出。 In the above, in the case where the film having the retardation value at a certain inclination angle has a zero direction from the normal direction in the normal direction, the retardation value at the inclination angle larger than the inclination angle is After changing the sign to negative, it is calculated by KOBRA 21ADH or WR.

另外,亦可以遲相軸為傾斜軸(旋轉軸)(在不存在遲相軸的情況下以膜面內的任意方向為旋轉軸),自任意的傾斜的兩個方向測定延遲值,基於該值與平均折射率的假定值及輸入的膜厚值,根據下式(1)及式(2)算出Rth。 Further, the retardation axis may be an inclined axis (rotation axis) (in the case where the slow phase axis does not exist, any direction in the film plane is the rotation axis), and the delay value is measured from two directions of arbitrary inclination, based on The value and the assumed value of the average refractive index and the input film thickness value are calculated by the following formulas (1) and (2).

式(2)Rth={(nx+ny)/2-nz}×d Equation (2) Rth={(nx+ny)/2-nz}×d

上述式中,Re(θ)表示自法線方向傾斜角度θ的方向上的延遲值,nx表示面內的遲相軸方向的折射率,ny表示在面內與nx正交的方向的折射率,nz表示與nx及ny正交的方向的折射率。d為膜厚。 In the above formula, Re(θ) represents a retardation value in the direction of the inclination angle θ from the normal direction, nx represents the refractive index in the direction of the slow axis in the plane, and ny represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to nx in the plane. , nz represents the refractive index in the direction orthogonal to nx and ny. d is the film thickness.

在測定的膜為無法利用單軸或雙軸的折射率橢圓體表現的膜、所謂無光學軸(optic axis)的膜的情況下,Rth(λ)是藉由以下方法算出。 When the film to be measured is a film which cannot be expressed by a uniaxial or biaxial refractive index ellipsoid, and a film having no optic axis, Rth(λ) is calculated by the following method.

Rth(λ)是以面內的遲相軸(藉由KOBRA 21ADH或WR判斷)為傾斜軸(旋轉軸),自相對於膜法線方向-50度至+50度以10度間隔由各該傾斜的方向入射波長λ nm的光,測定11處上述Re(λ),基於該測定的延遲值與平均折射率的假定值及輸入的膜厚值,由KOBRA 21ADH或WR算出。 Rth(λ) is an in-plane slow phase axis (determined by KOBRA 21ADH or WR) as a tilt axis (rotation axis), which is separated by 10 degrees from -50 degrees to +50 degrees with respect to the film normal direction. The light having a wavelength of λ nm was incident in the oblique direction, and the above-mentioned Re (λ) was measured at 11 points, and the assumed value of the measured retardation value and the average refractive index and the input film thickness value were calculated from KOBRA 21ADH or WR.

在上述測定中,平均折射率的假定值可使用聚合物手冊(Polymer Handbook)(約翰威利公司(JOHN WILEY&SONS,INC)中的各種光學膜的目錄值。對平均折射率的值未知的膜可利用阿貝折射計進行測定。將主要的光學膜的平均折射率的值例示如下:醯化纖維素(1.48)、環烯烴聚合物(1.52)、聚碳酸酯(1.59)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(1.49)、聚苯乙烯(1.59)。藉由輸入這些平均折射率的假定值與膜厚而由KOBRA 21ADH或WR算出nx、ny、nz。藉由該算出的nx、ny、nz進而算出Nz=(nx-nz)/(nx-ny)。 In the above measurement, the assumed value of the average refractive index may be a catalogue value of various optical films in a Polymer Handbook (JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.) A film having an unknown value of the average refractive index may be used. The measurement was carried out using an Abbe refractometer. The values of the average refractive index of the main optical film are exemplified as follows: deuterated cellulose (1.48), cycloolefin polymer (1.52), polycarbonate (1.59), polymethyl methacrylate Ester (1.49) and polystyrene (1.59). nx, ny, and nz were calculated from KOBRA 21ADH or WR by inputting the assumed values of the average refractive index and the film thickness. The calculated nx, ny, and nz were further calculated. Nz = (nx - nz) / (nx - ny).

另外,在本說明書中,只要未特別標註,則將測定波長設為550 nm。 In addition, in this specification, unless otherwise indicated, the measurement wavelength is 550 nm.

本發明的液晶顯示裝置的特徵在於依序包括:第1偏光元件;第1光學補償區域;液晶胞,包括第1基板、液晶層及第2基板;第2光學補償區域;以及第2偏光元件,在黑顯示時,上述液晶層所包括的液晶分子相對於上述一對基板的表面平行地配向,上述第1基板、上述第2基板所具有的波長550 nm的厚度方 向的延遲的合計值Rthsub(550)為3 nm≦|Rthsub(550)|≦60 nm,上述第1基板、上述第2基板及上述第1光學補償區域的在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~25 nm。以下,使用圖式對液晶顯示裝置的實施例或構成的各部位於以下進行詳細敍述。 A liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes a first polarizing element, a first optical compensation region, and a liquid crystal cell including a first substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a second substrate, a second optical compensation region, and a second polarizing element. In the black display, the liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal layer are aligned in parallel with respect to the surface of the pair of substrates, and the total value of the retardation in the thickness direction of the wavelength of 550 nm of the first substrate and the second substrate is Rth. Sub (550) is 3 nm ≦ | Rth sub (550) | ≦ 60 nm, and the total value Rth 1 of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region at a wavelength of 550 nm (550) is -135~25 nm. Hereinafter, each part of the embodiment or the configuration of the liquid crystal display device will be described in detail below using the drawings.

[液晶顯示裝置的構成] [Configuration of Liquid Crystal Display Device]

圖1是作為本發明的橫電場方式的液晶顯示裝置的一實施形態的IPS型液晶顯示裝置的一例的剖面示意圖。 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an IPS liquid crystal display device as an embodiment of a horizontal electric field type liquid crystal display device of the present invention.

圖1所示的液晶顯示裝置至少包括:一對第1偏光元件20及第2偏光元件22、與第1偏光元件20接觸的第1光學補償區域24及與該第2偏光元件22接觸的第2光學補償區域26、及IPS或FFS型液晶胞10。 The liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1 includes at least a pair of first polarizing element 20 and second polarizing element 22, a first optical compensation region 24 that is in contact with the first polarizing element 20, and a second contact with the second polarizing element 22. 2 optical compensation region 26, and IPS or FFS type liquid crystal cell 10.

第1偏光元件20及第2偏光元件22的外側表面通常配置用以保護偏光元件的偏光板保護膜28,在第1偏光元件20的更外側配置背光單元30。背光單元30除光源以外,適當包含用以提昇光的利用效率的反射板、亮度提高膜或用以使點光源或線光源成為均勻的面光源的擴散板、稜鏡片(Prism Sheet)、透鏡陣列(Lens Array)等構件而成。 The outer surface of the first polarizing element 20 and the second polarizing element 22 is usually provided with a polarizing plate protective film 28 for protecting the polarizing element, and the backlight unit 30 is disposed outside the first polarizing element 20. The backlight unit 30 includes, in addition to the light source, a reflector, a brightness enhancement film, or a diffusion plate, a prism sheet, or a lens array for making the point source or the line source a uniform surface light source, for improving the utilization efficiency of light. (Lens Array) and other components.

另外,除上述構成以外,配置在第1偏光元件20及第2偏光元件22間的光學各向同性的功能層例如接著劑、黏著劑等不會對本案的作用效果造成影響,故而可適當使用。 In addition to the above-described configuration, an optically isotropic functional layer disposed between the first polarizing element 20 and the second polarizing element 22, such as an adhesive or an adhesive, does not affect the effects of the present invention, and thus can be suitably used. .

在圖1的液晶顯示裝置中,液晶胞10包括第1基板11、包含向列型液晶材料的液晶層12、及第2基板15。液晶層12是在黑顯示時該向列型液晶材料的液晶分子相對於一對基板11及15 的表面平行地配向的沿面配向(homogeneous alignment)的液晶胞。液晶層的厚度d(μm)與折射率各向異性△n的積△n.d於穿透模式下,在不具有扭轉結構的IPS型中,認為0.2~0.4 μm的範圍為最佳值。另外,在FFS型中,認為0.3~0.5 μm的範圍為最佳值。由於在該範圍內白顯示亮度高、黑顯示亮度小,故而可獲得明亮且對比度高的顯示裝置。在基板11及15的與液晶層12接觸的表面形成配向膜(未圖示),使液晶分子相對於基板的表面大致平行地配向,同時藉由施加於配向膜上的摩擦處理方向等而控制未施加電壓狀態或低施加狀態下的液晶分子配向方向。另外,在基板11或15的內表面形成可對液晶分子施加電壓的(畫素)電極14、及彩色濾光片13。 In the liquid crystal display device of FIG. 1, the liquid crystal cell 10 includes a first substrate 11, a liquid crystal layer 12 including a nematic liquid crystal material, and a second substrate 15. The liquid crystal layer 12 is liquid crystal molecules of the nematic liquid crystal material with respect to the pair of substrates 11 and 15 at the time of black display The surface is aligned parallel to the aligned liquid crystal cells. The product of the thickness d (μm) of the liquid crystal layer and the refractive index anisotropy Δn Δn. d In the penetration mode, in the IPS type without a twisted structure, the range of 0.2 to 0.4 μm is considered to be the optimum value. In addition, in the FFS type, the range of 0.3 to 0.5 μm is considered to be the optimum value. Since the white display brightness is high and the black display brightness is small within this range, a bright and high contrast display device can be obtained. An alignment film (not shown) is formed on the surface of the substrates 11 and 15 that is in contact with the liquid crystal layer 12, so that liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially in parallel with respect to the surface of the substrate, and are controlled by a rubbing treatment direction or the like applied to the alignment film. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the voltage state or the low application state is not applied. Further, on the inner surface of the substrate 11 or 15, a (pixel) electrode 14 which can apply a voltage to liquid crystal molecules, and a color filter 13 are formed.

液晶層12中,在未施加電壓狀態下,液晶分子未扭轉而例如藉由形成於基板11及15的內表面的配向膜的摩擦處理的方向等而受到控制,與基板平行地於固定的水平方向上配向。若施加電壓,則藉由形成於面內方向的電場而使液晶分子水平地旋轉特定的角度而於特定的方向上配向。關於電極的形狀及配置,有各種提案,任一者均可加以利用。圖2是示意性表示液晶層12的一畫素區域中的液晶分子的配向的一例。圖2是將液晶層12的相當於一畫素的程度的極小的面積的區域中的液晶分子的配向與形成於基板11及15的內表面的配向膜的摩擦方向4、以及形成於基板11及15的內表面的可對液晶分子施加電壓的電極2及3一併表示的示意圖的一例。使用具有正介電各向異性的向列型液晶作為場效型液晶進行主動驅動的情況下的未施加電壓狀態或低施加狀態下的液晶分子配向方向為5a及5b,此時可獲得黑顯示。若 在電極2及3間施加電壓,則液晶分子根據電壓而向6a及6b方向改變其配向方向。通常,在該狀態下進行白顯示。 In the liquid crystal layer 12, the liquid crystal molecules are not twisted in a state where no voltage is applied, and are controlled by, for example, the direction of rubbing treatment of the alignment films formed on the inner surfaces of the substrates 11 and 15, and are fixed at a fixed level parallel to the substrate. Orientation in the direction. When a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are horizontally rotated by a specific angle by an electric field formed in the in-plane direction to be aligned in a specific direction. There are various proposals regarding the shape and arrangement of the electrodes, and any of them can be utilized. FIG. 2 is a view schematically showing an example of alignment of liquid crystal molecules in a pixel region of the liquid crystal layer 12. 2 is a rubbing direction 4 of alignment of liquid crystal molecules in a region of an extremely small area corresponding to one pixel of the liquid crystal layer 12, and an alignment film formed on the inner surfaces of the substrates 11 and 15, and formed on the substrate 11. An example of a schematic diagram of the electrodes 2 and 3 which can apply a voltage to liquid crystal molecules on the inner surface of the 15 and 15 is shown. When the nematic liquid crystal having positive dielectric anisotropy is actively driven as the field effect type liquid crystal, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the unapplied voltage state or the low application state is 5a and 5b, and a black display can be obtained. . If When a voltage is applied between the electrodes 2 and 3, the liquid crystal molecules change their alignment directions in the directions of 6a and 6b in accordance with the voltage. Usually, white display is performed in this state.

再於圖1中,第1偏光元件20的吸收軸20a與第2偏光元件22的吸收軸22a是正交地配置。在未施加電壓時,液晶層12的液晶分子是以液晶層12的遲相軸12a與第2偏光元件22的吸收軸22a正交的方式水平配向。因此,自背光單元30入射的光是大致維持偏光狀態而通過液晶層12,由第1偏光元件20的吸收軸20a遮光而成為黑顯示。然而,對於自背光單元30入射的光中斜向入射的光,偏光膜16及18的吸收軸20a及22a偏離正交關係,故而產生漏光,即降低視角對比度。在自斜向觀察的情況下亦產生同樣的現象。配置於第2偏光元件22與液晶胞10間的第2光學補償區域26有減輕該漏光並改善視角對比度的作用。該改善作用如上所述,是利用λ/2板的功能而補償偏離的正交關係,只要為具有該功能的光學各向異性層,則並無特別限定,較佳為第2光學補償區域26的面內延遲Re2(550)較佳為100~250 nm,更佳為140~230 nm,特別較佳為190~210 nm。 Further, in FIG. 1, the absorption axis 20a of the first polarizing element 20 and the absorption axis 22a of the second polarizing element 22 are arranged orthogonally. When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 12 are horizontally aligned such that the slow axis 12a of the liquid crystal layer 12 and the absorption axis 22a of the second polarizing element 22 are orthogonal to each other. Therefore, the light incident from the backlight unit 30 is substantially maintained in a polarized state and passes through the liquid crystal layer 12, and is blocked by the absorption axis 20a of the first polarizing element 20 to be black. However, with respect to the obliquely incident light from the light incident from the backlight unit 30, the absorption axes 20a and 22a of the polarizing films 16 and 18 deviate from the orthogonal relationship, thereby causing light leakage, that is, reducing the viewing angle contrast. The same phenomenon occurs in the case of observation from an oblique direction. The second optical compensation region 26 disposed between the second polarizing element 22 and the liquid crystal cell 10 has a function of reducing the light leakage and improving the viewing angle contrast. As described above, the improvement effect is to compensate for the orthogonal relationship of the deviation by the function of the λ/2 plate. The optically anisotropic layer having the function is not particularly limited, and the second optical compensation region 26 is preferable. The in-plane retardation Re 2 (550) is preferably from 100 to 250 nm, more preferably from 140 to 230 nm, and particularly preferably from 190 to 210 nm.

另外,第2光學補償區域26的厚度方向的延遲Rth2(550)較佳為-150~10 nm,更佳為-100~-10 nm,特別較佳為-50~-30 nm。若在該範圍內,則藉由減輕黑顯示時的漏光、色調變化而改善視角特性,故而較佳。關於第2光學補償區域26的詳情,在下文進行敍述。 Further, the retardation Rth 2 (550) in the thickness direction of the second optical compensation region 26 is preferably -150 to 10 nm, more preferably -100 to -10 nm, and particularly preferably -50 to -30 nm. If it is within this range, it is preferable to reduce the light leakage and the change in color tone during black display to improve the viewing angle characteristics. Details of the second optical compensation region 26 will be described below.

在第1偏光元件20與第1基板11間配置第1光學補償區域24。 The first optical compensation region 24 is disposed between the first polarizing element 20 and the first substrate 11 .

在先前的橫電解方式的光學補償中,如上文所述,由於 進行利用第2光學補償區域26的偏光元件補償,故而設想出以不對該光造成影響的方式在第1光學補償區域的位置上配置不具有相位差的各向同性膜、或延遲值低的光學各向異性膜作為偏光板保護膜,或不作任何配置的構成。 In the optical compensation of the previous transverse electrolysis mode, as described above, Since the polarization element compensation by the second optical compensation region 26 is performed, it is assumed that an isotropic film having no phase difference or an optical having a low retardation value is disposed at a position of the first optical compensation region so as not to affect the light. The anisotropic film is used as a polarizing plate protective film or has no configuration.

然而,若僅利用第2光學補償區域26而消除起因於偏光元件的相位差,則無法充分獲得期待的補償效果,發明者等人進行努力研究,結果可知作為在液晶胞的基板11、15上構成的構件的彩色濾光片13或電極14等具有雙折射性,藉由該些而被賦予相位差的光成為漏光或色移的原因。 However, when the second optical compensation region 26 is used to eliminate the phase difference caused by the polarizing element, the expected compensation effect cannot be sufficiently obtained, and the inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, it has been found that the substrate 11 and 15 are on the liquid crystal cell. The color filter 13 or the electrode 14 of the member to be formed has birefringence, and the light which is given the phase difference by these is a cause of light leakage or color shift.

因此,在本發明中,配置具有消除該相位差的相位差(延遲值)的第1光學補償區域(光學各向異性層)。但,第1光學補償區域是為了消除基板上的構件的雙折射性而配置,故而無法簡單地規定所需的延遲值,而是受這些構件所具有的雙折射性影響。 Therefore, in the present invention, the first optical compensation region (optical anisotropic layer) having the phase difference (delay value) for eliminating the phase difference is disposed. However, since the first optical compensation region is disposed in order to eliminate the birefringence of the member on the substrate, the required retardation value cannot be easily specified, but is affected by the birefringence of these members.

本發明者調查多個液晶顯示裝置的液晶胞基板,結果發現,幾乎不存在這些基板所具有的延遲於面內方向具有各向異性的構件,且厚度方向的延遲為主導性,故而只要考慮厚度方向的延遲即可。 The inventors of the present invention investigated liquid crystal cell substrates of a plurality of liquid crystal display devices, and as a result, found that there is almost no member having anisotropy in the in-plane direction of these substrates, and the retardation in the thickness direction is dominant, so that only the thickness is considered. The delay in direction can be.

藉由分析可知,大部分的液晶顯示裝置的該兩個基板在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rthsub(550)落在3 nm≦|Rthsub(550)|≦60 nm的範圍內,可知在該情況下,若將第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)調整為-135~25 nm,則可進行光學補償。 According to the analysis, the total value of the retardation of the two substrates in the thickness direction of the wavelength of 550 nm, Rth sub (550), falls within the range of 3 nm ≦|Rth sub (550)|≦60 nm. In this case, it is understood that the total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region in the thickness direction of the wavelength of 550 nm is adjusted to -135 to 25 nm. Optical compensation is then possible.

另外,液晶顯示裝置的Rthsub(550)若為5≦|Rthsub (550)|≦40則可進一步獲得本案的效果,故而較佳,特別較佳為10≦|Rthsub(550)|≦20。 Further, if the Rth sub (550) of the liquid crystal display device is 5 ≦|Rth sub (550)|≦40, the effect of the present invention can be further obtained, so that it is preferable, and particularly preferably 10 ≦|Rth sub (550)|≦ 20.

第1光學補償區域24與基板11、15的在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~25 nm,較佳為-45~25 nm,更佳為-25~15 nm。 The total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first optical compensation region 24 and the substrates 11 and 15 in the thickness direction of 550 nm is -135 to 25 nm, preferably -45 to 25 nm, more preferably -25. ~15 nm.

以第1基板、第2基板與第1光學補償區域的合計值對消除起因於該基板的雙折射進行研究的原因在於,若僅考慮每個構件的延遲值則不充分。例如,藉由如圖3所示在電極(TFT)14上構成彩色濾光片的彩色濾光片矩陣(Colorfilter On Array,COA)般的構件彼此的構成,延遲值進一步改變,故而必需對兩個基板與第1光學補償區域的延遲值一併進行研究。 The reason for eliminating the birefringence caused by the substrate by the total value of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region is that it is insufficient to consider only the retardation value of each member. For example, by the configuration of the color filter on Array (COA) members constituting the color filter on the electrode (TFT) 14 as shown in FIG. 3, the delay value is further changed, so it is necessary to The substrate was studied together with the retardation value of the first optical compensation region.

第1光學補償區域20較佳為由聚合物膜構成,若兼具偏光板保護膜的功能則製造適應性良好,故而較佳。作為第1光學補償區域20所使用的聚合物膜,較佳為使用醯化纖維素、環狀烯烴、丙烯酸系樹脂(較佳為包含選自內酯環單元、順丁烯二酸酐單元、及戊二酸酐單元中的至少一種單元的丙烯酸系聚合物)等的偏光板保護膜所使用的素材。此時,只要可獲得上述所需的延遲,則聚合物膜的厚度並無特別限制,例如較佳為1~90 μm,就裝置的薄型化的觀點而言,更佳為5~70 μm,特別較佳為10~50 μm。對第1光學補償區域20的詳情於下文進行敍述。 The first optical compensation region 20 is preferably made of a polymer film, and it is preferable because it has a function as a polarizing plate protective film and has good manufacturing suitability. As the polymer film used in the first optical compensation region 20, it is preferable to use deuterated cellulose, a cyclic olefin, or an acrylic resin (preferably comprising a selected from a lactone ring unit, a maleic anhydride unit, and A material used for a polarizing plate protective film such as an acrylic polymer of at least one unit in the glutaric anhydride unit. In this case, the thickness of the polymer film is not particularly limited as long as the desired retardation is obtained, and is, for example, preferably 1 to 90 μm, and more preferably 5 to 70 μm from the viewpoint of thinning the device. It is particularly preferably 10 to 50 μm. Details of the first optical compensation region 20 will be described below.

在圖1及圖3中,圖示液晶胞10為IPS模式的情況下的液晶顯示裝置的構成,在液晶胞10為FFS模式的情況下,液晶層12的黑顯示時的遲相軸方向是與IPS模式正交的方向,故而作為一般的構成,採用圖4及圖5的構成。替換一部分構成的配置 的液晶顯示裝置藉由本發明而獲得的效果不變,因此在以後的說明中亦並未特別區別而進行說明。 1 and 3, the configuration of the liquid crystal display device in the case where the liquid crystal cell 10 is in the IPS mode is shown. When the liquid crystal cell 10 is in the FFS mode, the slow phase axis direction in the black display of the liquid crystal layer 12 is Since the direction orthogonal to the IPS mode is adopted, the configuration of FIGS. 4 and 5 is adopted as a general configuration. Replace part of the configuration The liquid crystal display device does not change the effects obtained by the present invention, and therefore will not be described in detail in the following description.

在本發明中,藉由第1光學補償區域24來補足利用第2光學補償區域26的偏光元件補償所不足的補償部分,但根據第2光學補償區域26的構成,視第2光學補償區域26所具有的雙折射或厚度等而通過偏光元件間的光的狀態不同,故而作為第1光學補償區域24所必需的延遲即第1光學補償區域24與基板11、15的合計值的延遲稍有不同。 In the present invention, the compensation portion that is insufficient by the polarization element of the second optical compensation region 26 is compensated by the first optical compensation region 24, but the second optical compensation region 26 is viewed according to the configuration of the second optical compensation region 26. Since the state of the light passing between the polarizing elements is different depending on the birefringence, the thickness, and the like, the delay required for the first optical compensation region 24, that is, the delay of the total value of the first optical compensation region 24 and the substrates 11 and 15 is slightly delayed. different.

以下,對可用於本發明的液晶顯示裝置的各種構件的較佳的光學特性或構件所使用的材料、其製造方法等詳細地進行說明。 Hereinafter, preferred optical characteristics of various members of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, materials used for the members, methods for producing the same, and the like will be described in detail.

1.第1光學補償區域 1. The first optical compensation area

本發明的液晶顯示裝置在第1偏光元件與第1基板間具有第1光學補償區域,第1光學補償區域的特徵在於具有特定的相位差。 In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the first optical compensation region is provided between the first polarizing element and the first substrate, and the first optical compensation region is characterized by having a specific phase difference.

第1光學補償區域只要具有上述光學特性,則關於其材料及形態並無特別限制。例如,包含雙折射聚合物膜的相位差膜、在透明支持體上塗佈高分子化合物後加熱而成的膜、及藉由在透明支持體上塗佈或轉印低分子或高分子液晶性化合物而形成的具有相位差層的相位差膜等任一者均可使用。另外,亦可使用積層各者而成的積層體。 The material and form of the first optical compensation region are not particularly limited as long as they have the above optical characteristics. For example, a retardation film containing a birefringent polymer film, a film obtained by heating a polymer compound on a transparent support, and a low molecular or polymer liquid crystal by coating or transferring a transparent support Any of a retardation film having a retardation layer formed of a compound can be used. In addition, it is also possible to use a laminate in which each layer is laminated.

2.第2光學補償區域 2. The second optical compensation area

本發明的液晶顯示裝置為了減輕漏光、改善視角對比度,在第2基板與第2偏光元件間具有第2光學補償區域。第2 光學補償區域包含一層的實施例與兩層以上的實施例,Re2(550)較佳為100~250 nm,Rth2(550)較佳為-150~10 nm。 In order to reduce light leakage and improve viewing angle contrast, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a second optical compensation region between the second substrate and the second polarizing element. The second optical compensation region includes one embodiment and two or more embodiments. Re 2 (550) is preferably 100 to 250 nm, and Rth 2 (550) is preferably -150 to 10 nm.

以下,列舉本發明的液晶顯示裝置中的第2光學補償區域的具體的事例。另外,在以下的說明中,自作為構成的說明中省略不具有相位差的各向同性的層,但可視需要進行配置。 Hereinafter, specific examples of the second optical compensation region in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described. In the following description, the isotropic layer having no phase difference is omitted from the description of the configuration, but it may be arranged as needed.

另外,具體地例示的素材或製法並不僅限定於記載中,亦可選擇具有相同性質的素材或獲得同等的層的方法,亦可為了加強本發明的功能,或為了賦予本發明以外的功能而應用未記載的添加劑或步驟。 In addition, the material or the production method to be specifically exemplified is not limited to the description, and a material having the same property or a method of obtaining an equivalent layer may be selected, or a function of the present invention may be enhanced, or a function other than the present invention may be added. Apply undocumented additives or steps.

[第1實施方式] [First Embodiment]

在第1實施方式中,第2光學補償區域由單層的光學各向異性層構成。在該實施例中,以第2光學補償區域的遲相軸方向與第2偏光元件的吸收軸方向平行的方式進行配置。 In the first embodiment, the second optical compensation region is composed of a single-layer optically anisotropic layer. In this embodiment, the slow axis direction of the second optical compensation region is arranged in parallel with the absorption axis direction of the second polarizing element.

較佳為第1實施方式的第2光學補償區域的在波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2(550)為100~250 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2(550)為-150~10 nm。更佳為第2光學補償區域的面內延遲Re2(550)為150~230 nm,厚度方向的延遲Rth2(550)為-100~-10 nm,特別較佳為面內延遲Re2(550)為190~210 nm,厚度方向的延遲Rth2(550)為-50~-30 nm。 Preferably, the in-plane retardation Re 2 (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm in the second optical compensation region of the first embodiment is 100 to 250 nm, and the retardation Rth 2 (550) in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is -150~ 10 nm. More preferably, the in-plane retardation Re 2 (550) of the second optical compensation region is 150 to 230 nm, and the retardation Rth 2 (550) in the thickness direction is -100 to -10 nm, and particularly preferably the in-plane retardation Re 2 ( 550) is 190~210 nm, and the retardation Rth 2 (550) in the thickness direction is -50~-30 nm.

在第1實施方式中,由於第2光學補償區域由單層構成,故而就面板的薄層化、或可減少製作構件數量的方面等而言較佳。 In the first embodiment, since the second optical compensation region is composed of a single layer, it is preferable in terms of thinning of the panel or reduction in the number of components to be produced.

在第1實施方式中,第2光學補償區域的Nz值較佳為-1.0~1.0,更佳為-0.5~0.7,特別較佳為-0.3~0.5。 In the first embodiment, the Nz value of the second optical compensation region is preferably -1.0 to 1.0, more preferably -0.5 to 0.7, still more preferably -0.3 to 0.5.

若在該範圍內,則可減輕黑顯示時的漏光、色調變化,改善視角特性。另外,Nz值是由「Rth2(550)/Re2(550)+0.5」定義。 If it is within this range, light leakage and color tone change at the time of black display can be reduced, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved. In addition, the Nz value is defined by "Rth 2 (550) / Re 2 (550) + 0.5".

作為其他在斜向上產生色移的原因之一,有光學補償所利用的相位差層的延遲的波長分散性不合適。通常而言,相位差層的Re的波長分散性是由使用的液晶化合物的性質而決定。可知為了減輕色移,若在第1實施方式中滿足Re2(450)/Re2(550)為0.8~1.2、且Re2(650)/Re2(550)為0.9~1.1,則可將色移減輕至即便用人眼觀察亦無不協調感的程度。 One of the causes of the color shift in the oblique direction is that the wavelength dispersion of the retardation layer used for optical compensation is not suitable. In general, the wavelength dispersibility of Re of the retardation layer is determined by the properties of the liquid crystal compound used. In order to reduce the color shift, it is understood that in the first embodiment, Re 2 (450)/Re 2 (550) is 0.8 to 1.2, and Re 2 (650)/Re 2 (550) is 0.9 to 1.1. The color shift is reduced to the extent that there is no sense of discomfort even when observed by the human eye.

第2光學補償區域可藉由將具有nz>nx的特徵的聚合物的膜大幅延伸而獲得。 The second optical compensation region can be obtained by substantially extending a film of a polymer having a characteristic of nz>nx.

作為此種聚合物膜,可較佳地使用包含經芳香族醯基取代的醯化纖維素、聚碳酸酯、聚苯乙烯之類的具有負固有雙折射的素材的聚合物膜。 As such a polymer film, a polymer film containing a material having negative intrinsic birefringence such as deuterated cellulose substituted with an aromatic fluorenyl group, polycarbonate, or polystyrene can be preferably used.

作為製造方法,例如在使用作為經芳香族醯基取代的醯化纖維素的乙酸苯甲酸纖維素的膜的事例的情況下,可以下述方式獲得:使溶劑中溶解有乙酸苯甲酸纖維素的塗料(dope)在成膜用的金屬支持體上流延,乾燥溶劑而獲得膜,將該經溶液成膜的膜以1.3~1.9倍等的大小的延伸倍率進行延伸,使纖維素分子鏈配向。 As a manufacturing method, for example, in the case of using a film of cellulose acetate benzoate which is an aromatic thiol-substituted deuterated cellulose, it can be obtained by dissolving cellulose acetate benzoate in a solvent. The dope is cast on the metal support for film formation, and the solvent is dried to obtain a film, and the film formed by the solution is stretched at a stretching ratio of 1.3 to 1.9 times or the like to align the cellulose molecular chains.

在第2光學補償區域為第1實施方式的情況下,第1光學補償區域與第1及第2基板的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~5 nm,較佳為-55~-5 nm,更佳為-25~-15 nm。 In the case where the second optical compensation region is the first embodiment, the total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first optical compensation region and the first and second substrates is -135 to 5 nm, preferably -55~-5 nm, more preferably -25~-15 nm.

作為第2光學補償區域為一層的情況下的厚度,較佳為 1~90 μm,更佳為5~70 μm,特別較佳為10~50 μm。 The thickness in the case where the second optical compensation region is one layer is preferably 1 to 90 μm, more preferably 5 to 70 μm, particularly preferably 10 to 50 μm.

[第2實施方式] [Second Embodiment]

在第2實施方式中,第2光學補償區域包含nx>nz>ny的雙軸膜(B板(plate))與nx≒ny>nz的[準]單軸性膜(負C板)兩層。 In the second embodiment, the second optical compensation region includes a biaxial film (B plate) of nx>nz>ny and a [quasi]uniaxial film (negative C plate) of nx≒ny>nz .

在本實施例中,第2光學補償區域所包含的兩層的積層順序並無特別限制。其中,在將單軸膜配置於液晶胞基板側,將雙軸膜配置於第2偏光元件側的情況下,以雙軸膜的遲相軸方向與第2偏光元件的吸收軸方向平行的方式進行配置。在將雙軸膜配置於液晶胞基板側,將單軸膜配置於偏光元件側的情況下,以雙軸膜的遲相軸與第2偏光元件的吸收軸方向正交的方式進行配置。 In the present embodiment, the order of lamination of the two layers included in the second optical compensation region is not particularly limited. In the case where the uniaxial film is disposed on the liquid crystal cell substrate side and the biaxial film is disposed on the second polarizing element side, the slow axis direction of the biaxial film is parallel to the absorption axis direction of the second polarizing element. Configure it. When the biaxial film is disposed on the liquid crystal cell substrate side and the uniaxial film is disposed on the polarizing element side, the slow axis of the biaxial film is arranged to be orthogonal to the absorption axis direction of the second polarizing element.

由於第2實施方式中,第2光學補償區域包含兩層,故而就藉由使功能分離而擴大各光學各向異性的設計或製造條件的選擇性的方面等而言較佳。 In the second embodiment, since the second optical compensation region includes two layers, it is preferable to expand the function of the optical anisotropy design or the selectivity of the production conditions by separating the functions.

(雙軸膜) (biaxial film)

第2實施方式中所使用的第2光學補償區域中,雙軸膜顯示波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為70~150 nm,厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為-150~-70 nm的光學各向異性。 In the second optical compensation region used in the second embodiment, the in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) of the biaxial film display wavelength of 550 nm is 70 to 150 nm, and the retardation Rth 2B (550) in the thickness direction is -150~. Optical anisotropy at -70 nm.

較佳為波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為80~130 nm,厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為-140~-80 nm,更佳為面內延遲Re2B(550)為100~110 nm,厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為-130~-100 nm。 Preferably, the in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is 80 to 130 nm, the retardation in the thickness direction Rth 2B (550) is -140 to -80 nm, and more preferably the in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) is From 100 to 110 nm, the retardation Rth 2B (550) in the thickness direction is -130 to -100 nm.

第2實施方式中的雙軸膜的Nz值較佳為-2.0~0.5,更 佳為-1.5~0,特別較佳為-1.0~-0.5。若在該範圍內,則可減輕黑顯示時的漏光、色調變化,改善視角特性。 The Nz value of the biaxial film in the second embodiment is preferably -2.0 to 0.5, more Preferably, it is -1.5 to 0, and particularly preferably -1.0 to -0.5. If it is within this range, light leakage and color tone change at the time of black display can be reduced, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved.

若滿足第2實施方式中的雙軸膜的Re2B(450)/Re2B(550)為0.8~1.2,且Re2B(650)/Re2B(550)為0.9~1.1,則可將色移減輕至即便用人眼觀察亦無不協調感的程度。 When the Re 2B (450)/Re 2B (550) of the biaxial film according to the second embodiment is 0.8 to 1.2, and Re 2B (650)/Re 2B (550) is 0.9 to 1.1, the color shift can be performed. It is reduced to the extent that there is no sense of discomfort even when observed by the human eye.

該雙軸膜可藉由以例如利用輥的縱延伸方式、利用拉幅機的橫延伸方式或雙軸延伸方式等對以擠出成形方式或流延製膜方式等適當的方式製造的聚合物膜進行延伸處理而獲得。具體而言,可參照日本專利特開2005-338767號公報的記載。 The biaxial film can be produced by a suitable method such as extrusion molding or cast film formation by a longitudinal stretching method using a roll, a lateral stretching method using a tenter, or a biaxial stretching method. The film was obtained by stretching treatment. Specifically, the description of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2005-338767 can be referred to.

(單軸膜) (uniaxial film)

第2實施方式中所使用的單軸膜中,單軸膜顯示厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為50~200 nm的光學各向異性。 In the uniaxial film used in the second embodiment, the uniaxial film shows an optical anisotropy in which the retardation Rth 2C (550) in the thickness direction is 50 to 200 nm.

波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)較佳為80~170 nm,更佳為100~130 nm。 The retardation Rth 2C (550) in the thickness direction of the wavelength of 550 nm is preferably 80 to 170 nm, more preferably 100 to 130 nm.

特別較佳為在光學設計上不具有面內延遲Re2C(550),但有在製造過程中產生面內延遲的情況,可容許將這些亦用作適用於第2實施方式的光學各向異性層的單軸膜的膜。在本發明中,面內延遲的絕對值較佳為10 nm以下,更佳為5 nm以下。 It is particularly preferable to have no in-plane retardation Re 2C (550) in optical design, but there is a case where in-plane retardation occurs during the manufacturing process, and these can also be used as optical anisotropy suitable for the second embodiment. A film of a layer of uniaxial film. In the present invention, the absolute value of the in-plane retardation is preferably 10 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or less.

第2實施方式中的單軸膜的Nz值較佳為10以上,更佳為20以上,特別較佳為100以上。若在該範圍內,則可減輕黑顯示時的漏光、色調變化,改善視角特性。 The Nz value of the uniaxial film in the second embodiment is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 20 or more, and particularly preferably 100 or more. If it is within this range, light leakage and color tone change at the time of black display can be reduced, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved.

若滿足第2實施方式中的單軸膜的Re2C(450)/Re2C(550)為0.8~1.2,且Re2C(650)/Re2C(550)為0.9~1.1,則可將色移減輕至即便用人眼觀察亦無不協調感的程度。 When the Re 2C (450)/Re 2C (550) of the uniaxial film according to the second embodiment is 0.8 to 1.2, and Re 2C (650)/Re 2C (550) is 0.9 to 1.1, the color shift can be performed. It is reduced to the extent that there is no sense of discomfort even when observed by the human eye.

該單軸膜可藉由如下方式獲得:以不表現醯化纖維素膜、環狀聚烯烴或聚碳酸酯等的具有nz<nx的延遲的膜的面內延遲的方式進行成膜,或使用抵消表現的面內延遲的步驟而設為nx≒ny。另外,亦可固定液晶材料的配向狀態而形成具有nz<nx的相位差的層。 The uniaxial film can be obtained by forming a film in such a manner as not to exhibit an in-plane retardation of a film having a retardation of nz < nx such as a deuterated cellulose film, a cyclic polyolefin or a polycarbonate, or the like. The step of canceling the in-plane delay of the performance is set to nx≒ny. Further, the alignment state of the liquid crystal material may be fixed to form a layer having a phase difference of nz < nx.

在該第2實施方式中,第1光學補償區域與第1及第2基板的合計值的延遲Rth1(550)較佳為-45~25 nm,更佳為-30~25 nm,特別較佳為-15~25 nm。 In the second embodiment, the retardation Rth 1 (550) of the total value of the first optical compensation region and the first and second substrates is preferably -45 to 25 nm, more preferably -30 to 25 nm, and particularly Good for -15~25 nm.

作為第2實施方式的第2光學補償區域的厚度,較佳為1~180 μm,更佳為5~140 μm,特別較佳為10~100 μm。 The thickness of the second optical compensation region in the second embodiment is preferably 1 to 180 μm, more preferably 5 to 140 μm, still more preferably 10 to 100 μm.

[第3實施方式] [Third embodiment]

在第3實施方式中,第2光學補償區域包含nx>ny>nz的雙軸膜(B板)與nx≒ny<nz的[準]單軸性膜(正C板)兩層。 In the third embodiment, the second optical compensation region includes a biaxial film (B plate) of nx>ny>nz and a [quasi]uniaxial film (positive C plate) of nx≒ny<nz.

在本實施例中,第2光學補償區域所包含的兩層的積層順序並無特別限定。其中,在將單軸膜配置於液晶胞基板側,將雙軸膜配置於第2偏光元件側的情況下,以雙軸膜的遲相軸方向與第2偏光元件的吸收軸方向正交的方式進行配置。在將雙軸膜配置於液晶胞基板側,將單軸膜配置於偏光元件側的情況下,以雙軸膜的遲相軸與第2偏光元件的吸收軸方向平行的方式進行配置。 In the present embodiment, the order of lamination of the two layers included in the second optical compensation region is not particularly limited. In the case where the uniaxial film is disposed on the liquid crystal cell substrate side and the biaxial film is disposed on the second polarizing element side, the slow axis direction of the biaxial film is orthogonal to the absorption axis direction of the second polarizing element. The way to configure. When the biaxial film is disposed on the liquid crystal cell substrate side and the uniaxial film is disposed on the polarizing element side, the slow axis of the biaxial film is arranged in parallel with the absorption axis direction of the second polarizing element.

由於第3實施方式中,第2光學補償區域包含兩層,故而與第3實施方式同樣地,就藉由使功能分離而擴大各光學各向異性的設計或製造條件的選擇性的方面等而言較佳。 In the third embodiment, since the second optical compensation region includes two layers, in the same manner as in the third embodiment, the design of the optical anisotropy or the selectivity of the manufacturing conditions is expanded by separating the functions. Better words.

(雙軸膜) (biaxial film)

第3實施方式中使用的第2光學補償區域中,雙軸膜較佳為顯示波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為50~200 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為50~200 nm的光學各向異性。 In the second optical compensation region used in the third embodiment, the biaxial film preferably has an in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm of 50 to 200 nm and a retardation Rth 2B in a thickness direction of a wavelength of 550 nm ( 550) is an optical anisotropy of 50 to 200 nm.

雙軸膜較佳為面內延遲Re2B(550)為70~150 nm,厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為60~150 nm,更佳為面內延遲Re2B(550)為90~130 nm,厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為80~120 nm。 The biaxial film preferably has an in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) of 70 to 150 nm, a thickness direction retardation Rth 2B (550) of 60 to 150 nm, and more preferably an in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) of 90 to 130. The retardation Rth 2B (550) in the thickness direction of nm is 80 to 120 nm.

第3實施方式中的雙軸膜的Nz值較佳為1.0~5.0,更佳為1.2~2.5,特別較佳為1.5~2.0。若在該範圍內,則可減輕黑顯示時的漏光、色調變化,改善視角特性。 The Nz value of the biaxial film in the third embodiment is preferably from 1.0 to 5.0, more preferably from 1.2 to 2.5, still more preferably from 1.5 to 2.0. If it is within this range, light leakage and color tone change at the time of black display can be reduced, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved.

若滿足第3實施方式中的雙軸膜的Re2B(450)/Re2B(550)為0.8~1.2,且Re2B(650)/Re2B(550)為0.9~1.1,則可將色移減輕至即便用人眼觀察亦無不協調感的程度。 When the Re 2B (450)/Re 2B (550) of the biaxial film according to the third embodiment is 0.8 to 1.2, and Re 2B (650)/Re 2B (550) is 0.9 to 1.1, the color shift can be performed. It is reduced to the extent that there is no sense of discomfort even when observed by the human eye.

該雙軸膜可藉由以不表現醯化纖維素膜、環狀聚烯烴或聚碳酸酯等的具有nz<nx的延遲的膜的面內延遲的方式進行成膜而獲得。 The biaxial film can be obtained by forming a film so as not to exhibit an in-plane retardation of a film having a retardation of nz < nx such as a deuterated cellulose film, a cyclic polyolefin or a polycarbonate.

作為製造方法,例如在使用乙酸纖維素的膜的事例的情況下,可以如下方式獲得:將溶劑中溶解有乙酸纖維素的塗料在成膜用的金屬支持體上流延,乾燥溶劑而獲得膜,對該經溶液成膜的膜以1.3~1.9倍等的大小的延伸倍率進行延伸,使纖維素分子鏈配向。 As a manufacturing method, for example, in the case of using a film of cellulose acetate, a coating material in which cellulose acetate is dissolved in a solvent is cast on a metal support for film formation, and the solvent is dried to obtain a film. The film formed by the solution is stretched at a stretching ratio of 1.3 to 1.9 times or the like to align the cellulose molecular chains.

(單軸膜) (uniaxial film)

第3實施方式中使用的第2光學補償區域中,單軸膜較 佳為顯示波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為-200~-50 nm的光學各向異性。厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)較佳為-190~-100 nm,更佳為-180~-140 nm。 In the second optical compensation region used in the third embodiment, the uniaxial film preferably has an optical anisotropy in which the retardation Rth 2C (550) in the thickness direction of 550 nm is -200 to -50 nm. The retardation Rth 2C (550) in the thickness direction is preferably -190 to -100 nm, more preferably -180 to -140 nm.

最佳為在光學設計上不具有面內延遲Re2C,但有在製造過程中產生面內延遲的情況,可容許將這些亦用作適用於第3實施方式的第2光學補償區域的單軸膜的膜。在本發明中,面內延遲的絕對值較佳為10 nm以下,更佳為5 nm以下。 It is preferable to have no in-plane retardation Re 2C in optical design, but there is a case where an in-plane retardation occurs in the manufacturing process, and these can also be used as a single axis suitable for the second optical compensation region of the third embodiment. Membrane of the membrane. In the present invention, the absolute value of the in-plane retardation is preferably 10 nm or less, more preferably 5 nm or less.

第3實施方式中的單軸膜的Nz值較佳為-10以下,更佳為-20以下,特別較佳為-100以下。若在該範圍內,則可減輕黑顯示時的漏光、色調變化,改善視角特性。 The Nz value of the uniaxial film in the third embodiment is preferably -10 or less, more preferably -20 or less, and particularly preferably -100 or less. If it is within this range, light leakage and color tone change at the time of black display can be reduced, and the viewing angle characteristics can be improved.

若滿足第3實施方式中的單軸膜的Re2C(450)/Re2C(550)為0.8~1.2,且Re2C(650)/Re2C(550)為0.9~1.1,則可將色移減輕至即便用人眼觀察亦無不協調感的程度。 When the Re 2C (450)/Re 2C (550) of the uniaxial film according to the third embodiment is 0.8 to 1.2, and Re 2C (650)/Re 2C (550) is 0.9 to 1.1, the color shift can be performed. It is reduced to the extent that there is no sense of discomfort even when observed by the human eye.

該單軸膜可藉由如下方式獲得:固定液晶材料的配向狀態而形成具有nz>nx的相位差的層,或者以不表現苯乙烯或其衍生物、聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸系樹脂、反丁烯二酸二酯之類的聚酯等的具有負固有雙折射,且表現nz>nx的延遲的膜的面內延遲的方式進行成膜,或使用抵消表現的面內延遲的步驟而設為nx≒ny。 The uniaxial film can be obtained by fixing an alignment state of the liquid crystal material to form a layer having a phase difference of nz>nx, or not expressing styrene or a derivative thereof, polycarbonate, acrylic resin, or anti-butyl A film such as a polyester such as enedic acid diester having a negative intrinsic birefringence and exhibiting an in-plane retardation of a film having a retardation of nz>nx is formed, or a step of canceling the in-plane retardation of the expression is used. Nx≒ny.

在該第3實施方式中,第1光學補償區域與第1及第2基板的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)較佳為-75~25 nm,更佳為-60~25 nm,特別較佳為-45~25 nm。 In the third embodiment, the total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation between the first optical compensation region and the first and second substrates is preferably -75 to 25 nm, more preferably -60 to 25 nm, particularly Good for -45~25 nm.

作為第3實施方式的第2光學補償區域的厚度,較佳為1~180 μm,更佳為5~140 μm,特別較佳為10~100 μm。 The thickness of the second optical compensation region in the third embodiment is preferably 1 to 180 μm, more preferably 5 to 140 μm, and particularly preferably 10 to 100 μm.

[其他實施方式] [Other embodiments]

作為其他第2光學補償區域的構成,例如可列舉nx>nz>ny的雙軸膜與nx>ny>nz的雙軸膜、或A板與負C板、A板、正C板與A板等多種構成。另外,就光學設計以外的觀點而言,若層多則界面增加,而有由界面上的反射或散射所引起的光的利用效率降低之擔憂,故而層數越少越佳。 Examples of the configuration of the other second optical compensation region include a biaxial film of nx>nz>ny and a biaxial film of nx>ny>nz, or an A plate and a negative C plate, an A plate, a positive C plate, and an A plate. And a variety of components. Further, from the viewpoint of the optical design, if the number of layers is large, the interface is increased, and there is a concern that the utilization efficiency of light due to reflection or scattering on the interface is lowered. Therefore, the number of layers is preferably as small as possible.

另外,在面積相對較小的液晶顯示裝置中,亦可藉由斜蒸鍍等結構性雙折射而形成光學補償區域來代替上述聚合物膜。 Further, in a liquid crystal display device having a relatively small area, an optical compensation region may be formed by structural birefringence such as oblique vapor deposition instead of the above polymer film.

3.第1及第2偏光元件 3. First and second polarizing elements

關於本發明所利用的偏光元件,並無特別限制。作為偏光元件,可使用碘系偏光元件、利用二色性染料的染料系偏光元件或多烯系偏光元件、線柵(wire grid)偏光元件等已知的偏光元件中的任一者。碘系偏光元件及染料系偏光元件一般是使用聚乙烯醇系膜而製造。偏光元件的吸收軸相當於膜的延伸方向。因此,於縱向(搬送方向)延伸的偏光元件相對於長度方向平行地具有吸收軸,於橫向(與搬送方向為垂直方向)延伸的偏光元件相對於長度方向垂直地具有吸收軸。 The polarizing element used in the present invention is not particularly limited. As the polarizing element, any of known polarizing elements such as an iodine-based polarizing element, a dye-based polarizing element using a dichroic dye, a polyene-based polarizing element, and a wire grid polarizing element can be used. The iodine-based polarizing element and the dye-based polarizing element are generally produced by using a polyvinyl alcohol-based film. The absorption axis of the polarizing element corresponds to the direction in which the film extends. Therefore, the polarizing element extending in the longitudinal direction (transport direction) has an absorption axis parallel to the longitudinal direction, and the polarizing element extending in the lateral direction (perpendicular to the transport direction) has an absorption axis perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

第1偏光元件或第2偏光元件的厚度為50 μm以下有助於裝置的薄型化,故而較佳。 It is preferable that the thickness of the first polarizing element or the second polarizing element is 50 μm or less to contribute to thinning of the device.

偏光元件一般包含保護膜(Protective Film),較佳為在配置第1光學補償區域的面的相反側的面、及配置第2光學補償區域的面的相反側的面上具有保護膜。具體而言,第1偏光元件或第2偏光元件的至少一者為由各光學補償區域與偏光板保護膜夾持的偏光板。在本發明中,亦可使上述各光學補償區域發揮作為偏光元件的保護膜的功能。關於配置在偏光元件外側的保護 膜,並無特別限制,可使用醯化纖維素膜、環狀烯烴系聚合物膜、聚丙烯膜、聚碳酸酯膜、丙烯酸系膜、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(polyethylene terephthalate,PET)系膜等。其中,較佳為使用醯化纖維素膜。 The polarizing element generally includes a protective film, and preferably has a protective film on a surface opposite to the surface on which the first optical compensation region is disposed and on a surface opposite to the surface on which the second optical compensation region is disposed. Specifically, at least one of the first polarizing element and the second polarizing element is a polarizing plate sandwiched between the optical compensation regions and the polarizing plate protective film. In the present invention, each of the optical compensation regions described above may function as a protective film of the polarizing element. About the protection of the outside of the polarizing element The film is not particularly limited, and a cellulose fluorite film, a cyclic olefin polymer film, a polypropylene film, a polycarbonate film, an acrylic film, or polyethylene terephthalate (PET) can be used. Mesangial and the like. Among them, a cellulose ionized film is preferably used.

保護膜的厚度較佳為10~80 μm,更佳為15~60 μm。 The thickness of the protective film is preferably from 10 to 80 μm, more preferably from 15 to 60 μm.

偏光板的較佳的製造方法包括將兩片保護膜與偏光元件分別以長條狀態連續地積層的步驟。該長條偏光板是根據所使用的影像顯示裝置的畫面的大小而進行裁切。另外,對第1偏光元件在一表面上貼合上述光學補償膜。以此種方式製作的偏光板是以光學補償膜為液晶胞側而配置。另外,雖可以構成光學補償膜的第1及第2相位差區域的任一者為偏光元件側而進行配置,但就與偏光元件的接著性等觀點而言,較佳為配置聚合物膜,在將第1相位差區域貼合於偏光元件的實施例中,較佳為在利用圓盤型液晶化合物而形成的相位差層上配置聚合物膜,並將聚合物膜貼合於偏光元件上。該聚合物膜較佳為低Re且低Rth,可利用的聚合物膜的例與較佳用作第2偏光元件的保護膜(易層胞側保護膜)的聚合物膜的例相同。 A preferred method of manufacturing the polarizing plate includes the step of continuously laminating the two protective films and the polarizing element in a strip state. The long polarizing plate is cut according to the size of the screen of the image display device to be used. Further, the optical compensation film is bonded to the surface of the first polarizing element on one surface. The polarizing plate produced in this manner is disposed such that the optical compensation film is the liquid crystal cell side. In addition, although any of the first and second retardation regions constituting the optical compensation film may be disposed on the side of the polarizing element, it is preferable to dispose the polymer film from the viewpoint of adhesion to the polarizing element and the like. In the embodiment in which the first retardation region is bonded to the polarizing element, it is preferable that a polymer film is disposed on the retardation layer formed by the discotic liquid crystal compound, and the polymer film is attached to the polarizing element. . The polymer film is preferably low Re and low Rth, and examples of the polymer film that can be used are the same as those of the polymer film which is preferably used as a protective film (easily layer side protective film) of the second polarizing element.

4.液晶胞 4. Liquid crystal cell

本發明的液晶顯示裝置包括IPS及FFS型的液晶胞。關於橫電場方式的液晶胞,在各種文獻中均有記載,任一構成均可採用於本發明中。於任一顯示裝置中均可獲得。IPS型液晶顯示裝置例如可使用日本專利特開2003-15160號、日本專利特開2003-75850號、日本專利特開2003-295171號、日本專利特開2004-12730號、日本專利特開2004-12731號、日本專利特開 2005-106967號、日本專利特開2005-134914號、日本專利特開2005-241923號、日本專利特開2005-284304號、日本專利特開2006-189758號、日本專利特開2006-194918號、日本專利特開2006-220680號、日本專利特開2007-140353號、日本專利特開2007-178904號、日本專利特開2007-293290號、日本專利特開2007-328350號、日本專利特開2008-3251號、日本專利特開2008-39806號、日本專利特開2008-40291號、日本專利特開2008-65196號、日本專利特開2008-76849號、日本專利特開2008-96815號等各公報中所記載的IPS型液晶顯示裝置。 The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes liquid crystal cells of the IPS and FFS type. The liquid crystal cell of the horizontal electric field type is described in various documents, and any of the configurations can be employed in the present invention. Available in any display device. For the IPS type liquid crystal display device, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-15160, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-75850, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-295171, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-12730, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004- No. 12731, Japanese Patent Special 2005-106967, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-134914, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-241923, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei No. 2005-284304, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei No. 2006-189758, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-194918, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-220680, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-140353, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-178904, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-293290, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-328350, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008 -3251, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-39806, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-40291, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-65196, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-76849, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-96815 The IPS type liquid crystal display device described in the publication.

FFS型(以下亦稱為FFS模式)液晶胞包括相對電極(Counter Electrode)與畫素電極。這些電極是由氧化銦錫(Indium Tin Oxide,ITO)等透明物質形成,以及是以比上、下部基板等之間的間隔窄的間隔且以可驅動配置於電極上部的所有液晶分子等的程度的寬度形成。藉由該構成,在FFS模式中,可獲得比IPS模式更為提高的開口率,進而,由於電極部分為透光性,故而可獲得比IPS模式更為提高的透射率。關於FFS模式液晶胞,例如可參照日本專利特開2001-100183號、日本專利特開2002-14374、日本專利特開2002-182230、日本專利特開2003-131248、日本專利特開2003-2330830等各公報的記載。 The FFS type (hereinafter also referred to as FFS mode) liquid crystal cell includes a counter electrode (Counter Electrode) and a pixel electrode. These electrodes are formed of a transparent material such as indium tin oxide (ITO), and are spaced apart from each other by an interval such as an interval between the upper and lower substrates, and are capable of driving all liquid crystal molecules disposed on the upper portion of the electrode. The width is formed. According to this configuration, in the FFS mode, an aperture ratio higher than that of the IPS mode can be obtained, and further, since the electrode portion is translucent, a transmittance higher than that of the IPS mode can be obtained. For the FFS mode liquid crystal cell, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-100183, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-14374, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-182230, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-131248, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-2330830, etc. The description of each bulletin.

實例 Instance

以下,對本發明的實例進行說明,但本發明並不受這些實例任何限定。另外,實例中的作為含有率的「%」、及「份」均是基於質量基準。在本實例中,表示調配量的「份」只要未特別敍述,則表示「質量份」。 Hereinafter, examples of the invention will be described, but the invention is not limited by these examples. In addition, the "%" and "parts" as the content rate in the examples are based on the quality standard. In the present example, the "parts" indicating the amount of blending means "parts by mass" unless otherwise specified.

<IPS模式液晶胞1的製作> <Manufacture of LCD mode cell 1 in IPS mode>

如圖1所示,以鄰接的電極間的距離成為20 μm的方式將電極配設於一片玻璃基板上,在其上設置聚醯亞胺膜作為配向膜,並進行摩擦處理。於圖2中所示的方向4進行摩擦處理。在另外準備的一片玻璃基板的一表面上設置聚醯亞胺膜並進行摩擦處理而製成配向膜。使配向膜彼此相對向,將基板的間隔(Gap;d)設為3.9 μm,以兩片玻璃基板的摩擦方向平行的方式重疊兩片玻璃基板,繼而封入折射率各向異性(△n)為0.0769及介電率各向異性(△ε)為正4.5的向列型液晶組成物。液晶層的d.△n的值為300 nm。 As shown in FIG. 1, the electrode was placed on a single glass substrate so that the distance between the adjacent electrodes was 20 μm, and a polyimide film was placed thereon as an alignment film, and rubbing treatment was performed. The rubbing treatment is performed in the direction 4 shown in FIG. A polyimide film was provided on one surface of a separately prepared glass substrate and subjected to a rubbing treatment to prepare an alignment film. The alignment films were opposed to each other, and the interval (Gap; d) of the substrates was set to 3.9 μm, and the two glass substrates were stacked so that the rubbing directions of the two glass substrates were parallel, and then the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) was sealed. 0.0769 and a dielectric anisotropy (Δε) of a nematic liquid crystal composition of 4.5. d. of the liquid crystal layer The value of Δn is 300 nm.

<FFS模式液晶胞1的製作> <Production of LCD cell 1 in FFS mode>

在一片具有彩色濾光片的玻璃基板上形成共用電極ITO,並在其上形成丙烯酸系有機絕緣膜(或SIN等無機膜)。可藉由對絕緣膜使用光微影法(photolithography)進行蝕刻(亦可與TFT等主動元件製造步驟同時)處理而形成區域(domain)。在其上形成設置狹縫(slit)的畫素電極(線寬5 μm,電極間隙5 μm)。進而,在其上設置聚醯亞胺膜作為配向膜並進行摩擦處理。在另外準備的一片玻璃基板的一表面上設置聚醯亞胺膜並進行摩擦處理而製成配向膜。使配向膜彼此相對向,將基板的間隔(Gap;d)設為3.8 μm,以兩片玻璃基板的摩擦方向平行的方式重疊兩片玻璃基板而進行貼合,繼而封入折射率各向異性(△n)為0.098及介電率各向異性(△ε)為正4.5的向列型液晶組成物。液晶層的d.△n的值為360 nm。 A common electrode ITO is formed on a glass substrate having a color filter, and an acrylic organic insulating film (or an inorganic film such as SIN) is formed thereon. The domain can be formed by etching the insulating film using photolithography (which can also be performed simultaneously with an active device manufacturing step such as TFT). A pixel electrode (line width 5 μm, electrode gap 5 μm) provided with a slit was formed thereon. Further, a polyimide film was provided thereon as an alignment film and subjected to a rubbing treatment. A polyimide film was provided on one surface of a separately prepared glass substrate and subjected to a rubbing treatment to prepare an alignment film. The alignment films are opposed to each other, and the interval (Gap; d) of the substrates is set to 3.8 μm, and the two glass substrates are stacked so as to be parallel to each other in the rubbing direction of the glass substrates, and then the refractive index anisotropy is sealed ( Δn) is a nematic liquid crystal composition having a dielectric anisotropy (Δε) of 0.0 and a positive conductivity of 4.5. d. of the liquid crystal layer The value of Δn is 360 nm.

<第1光學補償區域的製作> <Production of the first optical compensation area>

將下述組成物投入混合槽(mixing tank)中,一面加熱一面攪拌而使各成分溶解,製備乙酸纖維素溶液A。 The following composition was placed in a mixing tank, and while stirring, the components were dissolved while heating to prepare a cellulose acetate solution A.

<乙酸纖維素溶液A組成> <cellulose acetate solution A composition>

在另外的混合槽中投入下述組成物,一面加熱一面攪拌而使各成分溶解,製備添加劑溶液B。 The following composition was placed in another mixing tank, and while stirring, the components were dissolved while heating to prepare an additive solution B.

<添加劑溶液B組成> <Additive Solution B Composition>

將60質量份添加劑溶液B添加於477質量份乙酸纖維素溶液A中並充分攪拌,製備塗料。使塗料自流延口流延至冷卻為0℃的轉筒(drum)上。在溶劑含有率70質量%的場外進行剝取,將膜的寬度方向的兩端利用針梳拉幅機(Pin Tenter)(日本專利特開平4-1009號公報的圖3所記載的針梳拉幅機)進行固定,在溶劑含有率為3~5質量%的狀態下一面保持橫向(垂直於機械方向的方向)的延伸率成為3%的間隔一面進行乾燥。其後,藉由 於熱處理裝置的輥間進行搬送而進而進行乾燥,製作厚度80 μm的實例1的第1光學補償區域。 60 parts by mass of the additive solution B was added to 477 parts by mass of the cellulose acetate solution A and thoroughly stirred to prepare a coating. The coating was cast from the casting opening onto a drum cooled to 0 °C. Stripping was carried out outside the field in which the solvent content was 70% by mass, and both ends in the width direction of the film were subjected to a pin comber (Pin Tenter) (the needle comb shown in Fig. 3 of Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-1009) In the state where the solvent content is 3 to 5% by mass, the elongation is maintained at a distance of 3% while maintaining the lateral direction (direction perpendicular to the machine direction). Thereafter, by The film was conveyed between the rolls of the heat treatment apparatus and further dried to prepare a first optical compensation region of Example 1 having a thickness of 80 μm.

使用自動雙折射率計(KOBRA-21ADH,王子計測機器股份有限公司製造),測定Re的光入射角度依存性,算出光學特性,結果確認Re為1 nm,Rth為-25 nm。 Using an automatic birefringence meter (KOBRA-21ADH, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.), the optical incident angle dependence of Re was measured, and optical characteristics were calculated. As a result, it was confirmed that Re was 1 nm and Rth was -25 nm.

除改變乙酸纖維素溶液A與添加劑溶液B的混合比以外,以相同的程序製作實例2~17、比較例1~4的具有特性的第1光學補償區域。 The first optical compensation region having characteristics of Examples 2 to 17 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 was produced by the same procedure except that the mixing ratio of the cellulose acetate solution A and the additive solution B was changed.

<一層的第2光學補償區域的製作> <Production of the second optical compensation area of one layer>

(1)塗料製備 (1) Coating preparation

.醯化纖維素溶液C . Deuterated cellulose solution C

將下述組成物投入混合槽中並進行攪拌而使各成分溶解,進而在90℃下加熱約10分鐘後,利用平均孔徑34 μm的濾紙及平均孔徑10 μm的燒結金屬過濾器進行過濾。 The following composition was placed in a mixing tank and stirred to dissolve each component, and further heated at 90 ° C for about 10 minutes, and then filtered using a filter paper having an average pore diameter of 34 μm and a sintered metal filter having an average pore diameter of 10 μm.

醯化纖維素溶液C Deuterated cellulose solution C

(2)流延製膜 (2) Cast film formation

使用金屬製的帶式流延機(band casting machine)使塗料流延並乾燥後,藉由剝取轉筒自帶上剝取膜。以上述方式分別製作未延伸膜。 After the coating was cast and dried using a metal band casting machine, the film was peeled off from the belt by a stripping drum. Unstretched films were separately produced in the above manner.

(3)延伸 (3) Extension

對上述中製造的各未延伸膜,於(玻璃轉移點Tg-延 伸溫度)=-5℃下在膜搬送方向(Machine Direction,MD)藉由固定端單軸延伸而於拉幅機區域延伸10%。其次,於相同溫度下在寬度方向(Transverse Direction,TD)上藉由固定端單軸延伸於拉幅機區域延伸65%。以上述方式進行雙軸延伸處理而製作醯化纖維素膜。另外,以延伸及乾燥後的膜厚成為60 μm的方式調整流延膜厚。 For each unstretched film produced in the above, at (glass transfer point Tg-extension) Extension temperature) = -5 ° C The film direction (Machine Direction, MD) extends 10% in the tenter area by the uniaxial extension of the fixed end. Secondly, at the same temperature, in the width direction (TD), the fixed end uniaxially extends over the tenter region by 65%. A biaxial stretching treatment was carried out in the above manner to produce a deuterated cellulose film. Further, the cast film thickness was adjusted so that the film thickness after stretching and drying became 60 μm.

測定光學特性,可確認Re為220 nm,Rth為-10 nm。 The optical characteristics were measured to confirm that Re was 220 nm and Rth was -10 nm.

除改變膜厚、延伸倍率以外,以相同的程序製作實例2~6及比較例1的第2光學補償區域。 The second optical compensation regions of Examples 2 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 were produced by the same procedure except that the film thickness and the stretching ratio were changed.

<兩層的第2光學補償區域的製作> <Production of the second optical compensation region of two layers>

(1)包含B板與正C板的第2光學補償區域的製作 (1) Production of a second optical compensation region including a B plate and a positive C plate

.B板的製作 . B board production

將下述組成物投入混合槽中並攪拌而使各成分溶解,製備醯化纖維素溶液D。 The following composition was placed in a mixing tank and stirred to dissolve each component, thereby preparing a cellulose-deposited solution D.

醯化纖維素溶液D Deuterated cellulose solution D

*1:化合物A表示對苯二甲酸/琥珀酸/丙二醇/乙二醇共聚物(共聚比[莫耳%]=27.5/22.5/25/25)。 *1: Compound A represents a terephthalic acid/succinic acid/propylene glycol/ethylene glycol copolymer (copolymerization ratio [mol%] = 27.5/22.5/25/25).

表層(skin layer)用醯化纖維素溶液E Deuterated cellulose solution E for skin layer

將下述組成物投入混合槽中並攪拌而使各成分溶解,製備醯化纖維素溶液E。 The following composition was placed in a mixing tank and stirred to dissolve each component, thereby preparing a deuterated cellulose solution E.

醯化纖維素溶液E Deuterated cellulose solution E

*1:化合物A表示對苯二甲酸/琥珀酸/丙二醇/乙二醇共聚物(共聚比[莫耳%]=27.5/22.5/25/25)。 *1: Compound A represents a terephthalic acid/succinic acid/propylene glycol/ethylene glycol copolymer (copolymerization ratio [mol%] = 27.5/22.5/25/25).

以成為膜厚90 μm的核心層(Core Layer)的方式使上述醯化纖維素溶液D流延,以成為膜厚2 μm的表層A及膜厚2 μm的表層B的方式使上述醯化纖維素溶液E流延。 The above-described deuterated cellulose solution D was cast into a core layer having a film thickness of 90 μm to form the surface layer A having a thickness of 2 μm and the surface layer B having a thickness of 2 μm. The solution E is cast.

自帶上剝離所獲得的網(web)(膜)並加以乾燥後進行捲取。此時,殘留溶劑量相對於膜總體的質量為0~0.5%。繼而,送出上述膜並利用拉幅機於190℃下進行75%的TD延伸,藉此製作實例7的第1相位差區域。測定光學特性,可確認Re為110 nm、Rth為115 nm。 The web (film) obtained by peeling off is taken and dried, and then taken up. At this time, the amount of residual solvent is 0 to 0.5% with respect to the mass of the film as a whole. Then, the film was sent out and subjected to 75% TD stretching at 190 ° C by a tenter, whereby the first phase difference region of Example 7 was produced. The optical characteristics were measured, and it was confirmed that Re was 110 nm and Rth was 115 nm.

關於實例8~14、比較例2~3,除改變膜厚、延伸倍率以外,亦以相同的步驟進行製作。 Examples 8 to 14 and Comparative Examples 2 to 3 were produced in the same manner except that the film thickness and the stretching ratio were changed.

.正C板的製作 . Production of positive C board

進行上述製作的B板的表面的皂化處理,將市售的垂直配向膜(JALS-204R,日本合成橡膠(Japan Synthetic Rubber)股份有限公司製造)利用甲基乙基酮稀釋成1:1後,利用線棒塗佈機(Wire Bar Coater)以2.4 mL/m2塗佈於該膜上。立刻以120℃ 的溫風乾燥120秒。 The saponification treatment of the surface of the B plate produced above was carried out, and a commercially available vertical alignment film (JALS-204R, manufactured by Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd.) was diluted to 1:1 with methyl ethyl ketone. It was coated on the film at 2.4 mL/m 2 using a wire bar coater (Wire Bar Coater). Immediately dry at 120 ° C for 120 seconds.

其次,製備將下述棒狀液晶化合物3.8 g、光聚合起始劑(Irgacure907,汽巴-嘉基(Ciba-Geigy)公司製造)0.06 g、增感劑(Kayacure DETX,日本化藥股份有限公司製造)0.02 g、下述空氣界面側垂直配向劑0.002 g溶解於9.2 g甲基乙基酮中而成的溶液。利用#3.4號的線棒分別將該溶液塗佈於形成上述配向膜的膜的配向膜側。將其貼附於金屬的框上並在100℃的恆溫槽中加熱2分鐘,使棒狀液晶化合物配向。其次,在80℃下藉由120 W/cm高壓水銀燈照射20秒紫外線(Ultraviolet,UV),使棒狀液晶化合物交聯,其後放置冷卻至室溫為止,而製作相位差層。 Next, 3.8 g of the following rod-like liquid crystal compound, photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Ciba-Geigy Co., Ltd.), 0.06 g, sensitizer (Kayacure DETX, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) was prepared. Manufactured was a solution of 0.02 g of the following air interface side vertical alignment agent 0.002 g dissolved in 9.2 g of methyl ethyl ketone. This solution was applied to the alignment film side of the film forming the above alignment film by a wire bar of #3.4. This was attached to a metal frame and heated in a thermostat at 100 ° C for 2 minutes to align the rod-like liquid crystal compound. Next, the rod-like liquid crystal compound was crosslinked by irradiation with a 120 W/cm high-pressure mercury lamp at 80 ° C for 20 seconds (Ultraviolet, UV), and then left to cool to room temperature to prepare a retardation layer.

棒狀液晶化合物 Rod-like liquid crystal compound

空氣界面側垂直配向劑:日本專利特願2003-119959號記載的例示化合物(II-4) Air interface side vertical alignment agent: exemplified compound (II-4) described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-119959

使用聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼合上述B板、上述負C板,製作第2光學補償區域。 The B plate and the negative C plate were bonded together using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive to prepare a second optical compensation region.

使用自動雙折射計(KOBRA-21ADH,王子計測機器股份有限公司製造),測定製作的膜的Re的光入射角度依存性,減去預先測定的支持體的參與量,藉此算出僅透明區域的光學特性,結果確認透明區域的Re為0 nm、Rth為-160 nm,棒狀液晶均大致垂直地配向,獲得實例7的第2相位差區域。 Using an automatic birefringence meter (KOBRA-21ADH, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.), the light incident angle dependency of Re of the produced film was measured, and the amount of participation of the support measured in advance was subtracted, thereby calculating only the transparent region. As a result of the optical characteristics, it was confirmed that Re in the transparent region was 0 nm and Rth was -160 nm, and the rod-like liquid crystals were aligned substantially vertically, and the second phase difference region of Example 7 was obtained.

關於實例8~14、比較例2、3的第2光學補償區域,除 改變線棒的編號以外,亦以相同的程序進行製作。 Regarding the second optical compensation regions of Examples 8 to 14 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3, In addition to changing the number of the bar, it is also produced in the same procedure.

(2)包含B板與負C板的第2光學補償區域的製作 (2) Production of a second optical compensation region including a B plate and a negative C plate

.B板的製作 . B board production

自東芝製造的42Z1的液晶電視(Television,TV)剝離偏光板後,將膜自偏光板剝離而使用。使用自動雙折射率計(KOBRA-21ADH,王子計測機器股份有限公司製造),測定Re的光入射角度依存性,確認Re為100 nm、Rth為-100 nm。 After peeling off the polarizing plate from a 42Z1 liquid crystal television (Television, TV) manufactured by Toshiba, the film was peeled off from the polarizing plate and used. The incident angle dependence of Re was measured using an automatic birefringence meter (KOBRA-21ADH, manufactured by Oji Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd.), and it was confirmed that Re was 100 nm and Rth was -100 nm.

.負C板的製作 . Production of negative C plate

將下述組成物投入混合槽中並攪拌而使各成分溶解,進而在90℃下加熱約10分鐘後,利用平均孔徑34 μm的濾紙及平均孔徑為10 μm的燒結金屬過濾器進行過濾。 The following composition was placed in a mixing tank and stirred to dissolve each component, and further heated at 90 ° C for about 10 minutes, and then filtered using a filter paper having an average pore diameter of 34 μm and a sintered metal filter having an average pore diameter of 10 μm.

乙酸纖維素溶液F Cellulose acetate solution F

聚縮合酯PB-35: Polycondensation ester PB-35:

化合物1: Compound 1:

以完成的聚合物膜的膜厚成為58 μm的方式調整模具突出口的聚合物塗料的流量,以塗料溫度36℃在不鏽鋼製的帶上進行流延。乾燥、剝取後,使用自動雙折射計KOBRA-WR(王子計測器股份有限公司)在波長550 nm下進行立體雙折射測定而求出面內的延遲Re,Re為0 nm,Rth為110 nm。 The flow rate of the polymer coating of the die projection was adjusted so that the film thickness of the completed polymer film became 58 μm, and the tape was cast on a stainless steel belt at a coating temperature of 36 °C. After drying and stripping, the in-plane retardation Re was determined using an automatic birefringence meter KOBRA-WR (Oji Scientific Co., Ltd.) at a wavelength of 550 nm to determine the in-plane retardation Re, Re is 0 nm, and Rth is 110 nm. .

使用聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼合上述B板、上述負C板,製作第2光學補償區域。 The B plate and the negative C plate were bonded together using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive to prepare a second optical compensation region.

<包含三層的第2光學補償區域的製作> <Production of the second optical compensation region including three layers>

將市售的三乙醯纖維素膜「Fujitac TD80UF」(富士膠片(Fujifilm)公司製造)用作實例17的第1、第3相位差層。另外,將實例1的一層的第2光學補償區域用作第2相位差層。 A commercially available triacetonitrile cellulose film "Fujitac TD80UF" (manufactured by Fujifilm Co., Ltd.) was used as the first and third retardation layers of Example 17. Further, the second optical compensation region of one layer of Example 1 was used as the second retardation layer.

使用聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼合第1、第2、及第3相位差層,製作第2光學補償區域。 The first, second, and third retardation layers were bonded together using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive to prepare a second optical compensation region.

<第1及第2偏光元件的製作> <Production of first and second polarizing elements>

使碘吸附於經延伸的聚乙烯醇膜而製作偏光元件,對市售的乙酸纖維素膜(Fujitac TD80UF,富士膠片公司製造(Re=0 nm、Rth=40 nm)進行皂化處理,並使用聚乙烯醇系接著劑貼合 於偏光元件的單面上,製作第1及第2偏光元件。 The iodine was adsorbed on the stretched polyvinyl alcohol film to prepare a polarizing element, and a commercially available cellulose acetate film (Fujitac TD80UF, manufactured by Fujifilm Co., Ltd. (Re=0 nm, Rth=40 nm) was subjected to saponification treatment, and polycondensation was used. Vinyl alcohol based adhesive bonding The first and second polarizing elements are fabricated on one surface of the polarizing element.

<液晶顯示裝置的製作(實例1)> <Production of Liquid Crystal Display Device (Example 1)>

使用聚乙烯醇系接著劑將製作的第1光學補償區域貼附於製作的第1偏光元件上。另外,使用聚乙烯醇系接著劑,以第2偏光元件的吸收軸與第2光學補償區域的遲相軸成為平行的方式將第2光學補償區域貼附於製作的第2偏光元件上。 The produced first optical compensation region was attached to the produced first polarizing element using a polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive. In addition, the second optical compensation region is attached to the produced second polarizing element such that the absorption axis of the second polarizing element and the slow axis of the second optical compensation region are parallel with each other using the polyvinyl alcohol-based adhesive.

在上述中製作的IPS模式液晶胞1的一面上,以第1偏光元件的吸收軸與液晶層的遲相軸成為平行的方式,將第1偏光元件的貼附第1光學補償區域的面與液晶胞貼附。 On one surface of the IPS mode liquid crystal cell 1 produced as described above, the surface of the first optical compensation region to which the first optical compensation region is attached is formed such that the absorption axis of the first polarizing element and the slow axis of the liquid crystal layer are parallel. The LCD cell is attached.

繼而,在IPS模式液晶胞1的另一面上,以第2偏光元件的吸收軸與液晶層的遲相軸成為垂直的方式,且以與第1偏光元件成為正交偏光(Cross Nicol)的配置的方式將貼附第2光學補償區域的面與液晶胞貼附,製作實例1的液晶顯示裝置。 Then, on the other surface of the IPS mode liquid crystal cell 1, the absorption axis of the second polarizing element is perpendicular to the slow axis of the liquid crystal layer, and the polarization is orthogonal to the first polarizing element (Cross Nicol). In the manner of attaching the surface to which the second optical compensation region is attached, to the liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal display device of Example 1 was produced.

(實例2~17、比較例1~5) (Examples 2 to 17, Comparative Examples 1 to 5)

使用製作的各第1及第2光學補償區域,以相同的程序製作偏光板並貼附於液晶胞上而分別製作液晶顯示裝置。 Using the produced first and second optical compensation regions, a polarizing plate was produced by the same procedure and attached to the liquid crystal cell to fabricate a liquid crystal display device.

<評價> <evaluation>

顯示性能的測定是使用市售的液晶視角、色度特性測定裝置Ezcom(艾爾迪姆(ELDIM)公司製造),背光裝置是使用市售的液晶顯示裝置42LE5500(LG公司製造)。 The display performance was measured using a commercially available liquid crystal viewing angle and chromaticity characteristic measuring device Ezcom (manufactured by ELDIM), and a commercially available liquid crystal display device 42LE5500 (manufactured by LG) was used as the backlight.

以下,評價Lab色調指標、亮度指標、及綜合評價,將結果示於下述表中。另外,表中所謂第1~第3相位差層,在第2光學補償區域為一層的情況下,表示一層的第2光學補償區域(第1相位差層)。在第2光學補償區域為兩層的情況下,第1相位差 層表示液晶胞側的膜,第2相位差層表示第2偏光元件側的膜。在第2光學補償區域為三層的情況下,第1相位差層表示液晶胞側的膜,第3相位差層表示第2偏光元件側的膜,第2相位差層表示第1相位差層與第2相位差層之間的膜。 Hereinafter, the Lab tone index, the brightness index, and the overall evaluation were evaluated, and the results are shown in the following table. In the case where the second optical compensation region is one layer, the first to third retardation layers in the table indicate a second optical compensation region (first retardation layer) of one layer. In the case where the second optical compensation region is two layers, the first phase difference The layer represents a film on the liquid crystal cell side, and the second retardation layer represents a film on the second polarizing element side. When the second optical compensation region has three layers, the first retardation layer indicates a film on the liquid crystal cell side, the third retardation layer indicates a film on the second polarizing element side, and the second retardation layer indicates the first retardation layer. A film between the second retardation layer and the second retardation layer.

Lab色調指標: Lab tone indicator:

在a*b*平面上繪製極角60°下的黑色調變化(每5°)時,對以+a*軸基準(0°)於-15~240°的範圍內繪製的點距原點的距離進行累計。其是表示認為會使黑顯示的印象變差的紅色調、黃色調的強度的指標,數值越小意味著色調越優異,利用以下基準進行評價。 Plot the origin from the +a* axis reference (0°) in the range of -15~240° when plotting the black tone change (every 5°) at a polar angle of 60° on the a*b* plane The distance is accumulated. This is an index indicating the intensity of the red and yellow tones which are expected to deteriorate the impression of the black display. The smaller the numerical value, the more excellent the color tone, and the evaluation is performed based on the following criteria.

A:未達0.5 A: Not up to 0.5

B:0.5~未達1.0 B: 0.5~ not up to 1.0

C:1.0~未達1.5 C: 1.0~ not up to 1.5

D:1.5以上 D: 1.5 or more

亮度指標: Brightness indicator:

分別將上方向(方位角0~180°,每5°)、下方向(方位角180~360°,每5°)的黑亮度(Cd/m2)的最大值進行平均化。數值越小,則意味著黑顯示的漏光越少,利用以下基準進行評價。 The maximum value of the black luminance (Cd/m 2 ) in the upward direction (azimuth angle 0 to 180°, every 5°) and the downward direction (azimuth angle 180 to 360°, every 5°) is averaged. The smaller the value, the smaller the light leakage of the black display, and the evaluation is performed using the following criteria.

A:未達1.3 A: Not up to 1.3

B:1.3~未達1.5 B: 1.3~ not up to 1.5

C:1.5~未達1.7 C: 1.5~ not up to 1.7

D:1.7以上 D: 1.7 or more

綜合評價: Overview:

利用以下基準進行評價。 The evaluation was performed using the following criteria.

A:Lab色調指標及亮度指標的評價結果全部為A。 A: The evaluation results of the Lab tone index and the brightness index are all A.

B:Lab色調指標及亮度指標的評價結果中任一個為A,另一個為B。 B: Any one of the evaluation results of the Lab tone index and the brightness index is A, and the other is B.

C:Lab色調指標及亮度指標的評價結果均為B,或任一個為C。 C: The evaluation results of the Lab tone index and the brightness index are both B, or either one is C.

D:Lab色調指標及亮度指標的評價結果均為C,或任一個為D。 D: The evaluation results of the Lab tone index and the brightness index are both C, or either one is D.

根據表可知,Rthsub(550)為3 nm≦|Rth(550)|≦60 nm,且Rth1(550)為-135~25 nm的實例1~17的Lab色調指標及亮度指標優異。另一方面,不滿足Rthsub(550)為3 nm≦|Rth(550)|≦60 nm,且Rth1(550)為-135~25 nm的必要條件的比較例與實例相比,Lab色調指標及亮度指標均較差。 According to the table, Rth sub (550) is 3 nm ≦|Rth(550)|≦60 nm, and Rth 1 (550) is -135~25 nm. Examples 1 to 17 have excellent Lab tone index and brightness index. On the other hand, the comparison of the necessary conditions for Rth sub (550) to 3 nm ≦|Rth(550)|≦60 nm and Rth 1 (550) to -135~25 nm is compared with the example. Both indicators and brightness indicators are poor.

<使用薄膜聚合物膜的實例> <Example of using a film polymer film>

分別製備分別具有下述所示的組成的塗料P10及塗料T30。 The coating material P10 and the coating material T30 each having the composition shown below were prepared separately.

塗料P10的組成: Composition of coating P10:

塗料T30的組成: Composition of coating T30:

添加劑AA1是由下述式所表示的化合物。下述結構式中,R表示苯甲醯基,使用平均取代度為5~7的化合物。 The additive AA1 is a compound represented by the following formula. In the following structural formula, R represents a benzamidine group, and a compound having an average degree of substitution of 5 to 7 is used.

添加劑AA1: Additive AA1:

添加劑AA2為下述式所表示的化合物。將R9各自的結構式與取代度示於以下。 The additive AA2 is a compound represented by the following formula. The structural formula and degree of substitution of each of R 9 are shown below.

添加劑UU1是由下述式所表示的化合物。 The additive UU1 is a compound represented by the following formula.

添加劑UU1: Additive UU1:

使用塗料P10及塗料T30,藉由溶液流延法製作積層膜。具體而言,通過可進行三層共流延的流延澆鑄機(Casting Giesser),在金屬支持體上使上述兩種塗料流延。此時,自金屬支持體面側以下側層(T30)、中間層(P10)及上側層(T30)的順序進行流延。各層的黏度是以可進行共流延的方式根據各塗料的組合而適當利用固體成分濃度加以調整,設定為可進行均勻的流延的狀態。在金屬支持體上期間,藉由40℃的乾燥風對塗料進行乾燥而形成膜後,進行剝取並利用針固定膜兩端,以相同的間隔保持其距離,同時利用105℃的乾燥風乾燥5分鐘。取下針後,進而在130℃下乾燥20分鐘,以積層膜的狀態進行捲取。 A laminated film was produced by a solution casting method using the coating material P10 and the coating material T30. Specifically, the above two types of coating materials were cast on a metal support by a cast casting machine (Casting Giesser) which can perform three-layer co-casting. At this time, casting is performed in this order from the side of the metal support body side (T30), the intermediate layer (P10), and the upper layer (T30). The viscosity of each layer is adjusted so that the solid content concentration can be appropriately adjusted according to the combination of the respective coating materials so that co-casting can be performed, and the uniform casting can be performed. During the formation of the metal support, the coating was dried by drying air at 40 ° C to form a film, and then peeled off and the ends of the film were fixed by a needle, and the distance was maintained at the same interval while drying with a dry air at 105 ° C. 5 minutes. After the needle was taken out, it was further dried at 130 ° C for 20 minutes, and wound up in a state of a laminated film.

其後,剝離該三層的積層膜。下側層的膜的膜厚為20 μm。可以上述方式穩定地製作薄膜的聚合物膜。 Thereafter, the three-layer laminated film was peeled off. The film thickness of the lower layer film is 20 Mm. The polymer film of the film can be stably produced in the above manner.

配置該薄膜來代替用於偏光板製作的TD80UF,分別製造相同構成的液晶顯示裝置。對這些液晶顯示裝置與上述同樣地進行評價,結果可與上述實例各者同樣地獲得良好的評價結果。 This film was placed in place of the TD80UF for polarizing plate fabrication, and a liquid crystal display device of the same configuration was separately fabricated. These liquid crystal display devices were evaluated in the same manner as described above, and as a result, good evaluation results were obtained in the same manner as in the above examples.

<使用薄膜偏光膜的實例> <Example of using a film polarizing film>

依據日本專利第4804588號公報所記載的方法,以下述方式製作薄膜的偏光膜。準備共聚了6 mol%間苯二甲酸的間苯二甲酸共聚合聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯作為非晶質酯系熱塑性樹脂基材。於該樹脂基材上藉由塗佈而形成聚乙烯醇(polyvinyl alcohol,PVA)系樹脂層。利用包含空中輔助延伸與硼酸水中延伸的二段延伸步驟對樹脂基材與PVA系樹脂層一體地進行延伸,並對該PVA系樹脂層實施利用二色性色素的染色處理,藉此製作厚度3 μm的偏光膜。使用該偏光膜,與上述同樣地進行評價,結果可與上述實例各者同樣地獲得良好的評價結果。 According to the method described in Japanese Patent No. 4804588, a polarizing film of a film is produced in the following manner. An isophthalic acid copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate in which 6 mol% of isophthalic acid was copolymerized was prepared as an amorphous ester-based thermoplastic resin substrate. A polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based resin layer is formed on the resin substrate by coating. The resin substrate and the PVA-based resin layer are integrally stretched by a two-stage stretching step including air-assisted stretching and boric acid water extension, and the PVA-based resin layer is subjected to a dyeing treatment using a dichroic dye to thereby produce a thickness of 3 Mm polarizing film. Using the polarizing film, evaluation was carried out in the same manner as above, and as a result, good evaluation results were obtained in the same manner as in the above examples.

10‧‧‧液晶胞 10‧‧‧Liquid cell

11‧‧‧第1基板 11‧‧‧1st substrate

12‧‧‧液晶層 12‧‧‧Liquid layer

12a‧‧‧液晶層內的液晶分子的遲相軸方向(黑顯示[未施加電場時]時) 12a‧‧‧The direction of the slow phase axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer (black display [when no electric field is applied])

13‧‧‧彩色濾光片 13‧‧‧Color filters

14‧‧‧畫素電極 14‧‧‧ pixel electrodes

15‧‧‧第2基板 15‧‧‧2nd substrate

20‧‧‧第1偏光元件 20‧‧‧1st polarizing element

20a‧‧‧第1偏光元件的吸收軸 20a‧‧‧Absorption axis of the first polarizing element

22‧‧‧第2偏光元件 22‧‧‧2nd polarizing element

22a‧‧‧第2偏光元件的吸收軸 22a‧‧‧Absorption axis of the second polarizing element

24‧‧‧第1相位差區域 24‧‧‧1st phase difference zone

26‧‧‧第2相位差區域 26‧‧‧2nd phase difference zone

28‧‧‧保護膜 28‧‧‧Protective film

30‧‧‧背光單元 30‧‧‧Backlight unit

Claims (18)

一種液晶顯示裝置,其特徵在於,依序包括:第1偏光元件;第1光學補償區域;液晶胞,其包括第1基板、液晶層及第2基板;第2光學補償區域;以及第2偏光元件,在黑顯示時,上述液晶層所包括的液晶分子相對於上述一對基板的表面平行地配向,上述第1基板、上述第2基板所具有的在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rthsub(550)為3 nm≦|Rthsub(550)|≦60 nm,並且上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的在波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~25 nm。 A liquid crystal display device comprising: a first polarizing element; a first optical compensation region; a liquid crystal cell including a first substrate, a liquid crystal layer, and a second substrate; a second optical compensation region; and a second polarized light In the black display, the liquid crystal molecules included in the liquid crystal layer are aligned in parallel with respect to the surfaces of the pair of substrates, and the total retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate and the second substrate at a wavelength of 550 nm The value Rth sub (550) is 3 nm ≦ | Rth sub (550) | ≦ 60 nm, and the total retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region at a wavelength of 550 nm The value Rth 1 (550) is -135 to 25 nm. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域的波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2(550)為100~250 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2(550)為-150~10 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the second optical compensation region has an in-plane retardation Re 2 (550) of a wavelength of 550 nm of 100 to 250 nm and a retardation Rth 2 of a wavelength of 550 nm in the thickness direction. (550) is -150~10 nm. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域由一層構成,上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~5 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second optical compensation region is composed of one layer, and the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region have a wavelength of 550 nm. The total value of the retardation Rth 1 (550) in the thickness direction is -135 to 5 nm. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域包括至少兩層。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second optical compensation region comprises at least two layers. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第 2光學補償區域的一層的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為50~200 nm,另一層的波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為70~150 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為-150~-70 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein a retardation Rth 2C (550) in a thickness direction of a layer of the second optical compensation region of 550 nm is 50 to 200 nm, and a wavelength of another layer is 550 nm. The in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) is 70 to 150 nm, and the retardation Rth 2B (550) in the thickness direction of 550 nm is -150 to -70 nm. 如申請專利範圍第5項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-45~25 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region at a wavelength of 550 nm is - 45~25 nm. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第2光學補償區域的上述一層的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為-200~-50 nm,上述另一層的波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為50~200 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為50~200 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein the retardation Rth 2C (550) in the thickness direction of the layer 550 nm of the layer of the second optical compensation region is -200 to -50 nm, and the other layer is The in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is 50 to 200 nm, and the retardation Rth 2B (550) at a wavelength of 550 nm is 50 to 200 nm. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-75~25 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 7, wherein the total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region at a wavelength of 550 nm is - 75~25 nm. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1光學補償區域及上述第2光學補償區域的至少一者包括聚合物膜。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the first optical compensation region and the second optical compensation region includes a polymer film. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述聚合物膜是選自醯化纖維素系膜、環狀烯烴系聚合物膜、或丙烯酸系聚合物膜。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein the polymer film is selected from the group consisting of a deuterated cellulose film, a cyclic olefin polymer film, or an acrylic polymer film. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述聚合物膜的厚度為1~90 μm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein the polymer film has a thickness of 1 to 90 μm. 如申請專利範圍第10項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述 丙烯酸系聚合物膜包括包含選自內酯環單元、順丁烯二酸酐單元、及戊二酸酐單元中的至少一種單元的丙烯酸系聚合物。 The liquid crystal display device of claim 10, wherein the above The acrylic polymer film includes an acrylic polymer containing at least one selected from the group consisting of a lactone ring unit, a maleic anhydride unit, and a glutaric anhydride unit. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1偏光元件或上述第2偏光元件的至少一者是由光學補償區域與偏光板保護膜所夾持的偏光板。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the first polarizing element or the second polarizing element is a polarizing plate sandwiched between an optical compensation region and a polarizing plate protective film . 如申請專利範圍第13項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述保護膜的厚度為10~80 μm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 13, wherein the protective film has a thickness of 10 to 80 μm. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1偏光元件或第2偏光元件的厚度為50 μm以下。 The liquid crystal display device according to the first or second aspect of the invention, wherein the first polarizing element or the second polarizing element has a thickness of 50 μm or less. 如申請專利範圍第1項或第2項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1光學補償區域及上述第2光學補償區域的至少一者包括聚合物膜,上述第2光學補償區域由一層構成,上述第1基板、上述第2基板與上述第1光學補償區域的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲的合計值Rth1(550)為-135~5 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at least one of the first optical compensation region and the second optical compensation region includes a polymer film, and the second optical compensation region is composed of one layer The total value Rth 1 (550) of the retardation in the thickness direction of the first substrate, the second substrate, and the first optical compensation region in the thickness direction of 550 nm is -135 to 5 nm. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1光學補償區域及上述第2光學補償區域的至少一者包括聚合物膜,上述第2光學補償區域的一層的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為50~200 nm,另一層的波長550 nm的面內延遲Re2B(550)為70~150 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為-150~-70 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the first optical compensation region and the second optical compensation region includes a polymer film, and a layer of the second optical compensation region has a wavelength of 550 nm. The retardation Rth 2C (550) in the thickness direction is 50 to 200 nm, the in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) of the other layer at a wavelength of 550 nm is 70 to 150 nm, and the retardation Rth 2B (550) in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is -150~-70 nm. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述的液晶顯示裝置,其中上述第1光學補償區域及上述第2光學補償區域的至少一者包括聚合物膜,上述第2光學補償區域的一層的波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2C(550)為-200~-50 nm,另一層的波長550 nm的面內 延遲Re2B(550)為50~200 nm,波長550 nm的厚度方向的延遲Rth2B(550)為50~200 nm。 The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the first optical compensation region and the second optical compensation region includes a polymer film, and a layer of the second optical compensation region has a wavelength of 550 nm. The retardation in the thickness direction Rth 2C (550) is -200 to -50 nm, and the in-plane retardation Re 2B (550) of another layer having a wavelength of 550 nm is 50 to 200 nm, and the retardation in the thickness direction of the wavelength of 550 nm is Rth 2B (550 ) is 50~200 nm.
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TWI708980B (en) * 2018-06-05 2020-11-01 南韓商Lg化學股份有限公司 Laminate and liquid crystal display comprising the same

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