TW201340545A - Bidirectional flyback and active battery balancing circuit - Google Patents
Bidirectional flyback and active battery balancing circuit Download PDFInfo
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本發明係有關於一種雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路，尤指一種利用變壓器配合開關作為電池單元能量傳遞的元件，藉以改善每個電池單元在串聯充電時具有電壓不平衡問題之雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路。The invention relates to a bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit, in particular to a component that utilizes a transformer with a switch as a battery unit for energy transfer, thereby improving the two-way reversal of each battery cell having a voltage imbalance problem in series charging. Active battery balancing circuit.
按，近年來由於電池技術的快速進步，使得電池的循環壽命和安全性大為增加，電池運用範圍越來越廣泛，如電信設備、筆記型電腦、不斷電系統、電動車等等設備均需使用電池，而在電池的使用上由於個別電池的電壓過低，如需使用較高的電壓則需將電池串聯充電使用，但由於每顆電池的特性不同，即使同一批生產之電池，特性也無法完全相同，且在不同環境條件（例如：濕度、溫度等）操作下，其特性表現亦有所不同，造成電池在使用時，即使從各個電池汲取相同的放電電流，每顆電池所能放出的電量亦不相同，導致使用後每顆電池的電壓亦不相同，因此對串聯電池組充電時，若沒加入均勻充放電電路，電池則會因本身電壓的不同而有過充的問題產生。According to the rapid advancement of battery technology in recent years, the cycle life and safety of the battery are greatly increased, and the battery is used in a wider range of applications, such as telecommunication equipment, notebook computers, uninterruptible power systems, electric vehicles, and the like. The battery needs to be used, and the battery voltage is too low. If a higher voltage is used, the battery needs to be charged in series, but because of the different characteristics of each battery, even the same batch of battery, characteristics It can't be exactly the same, and under different environmental conditions (such as humidity, temperature, etc.), its characteristics also behave differently. When the battery is in use, even if the same discharge current is drawn from each battery, each battery can The discharged power is also different, resulting in different voltages of each battery after use. Therefore, if the battery pack is charged, if the uniform charge and discharge circuit is not added, the battery will have overcharge due to its own voltage. .
一般的磷酸鋰鐵（Ｌｉｔｈｉｕｍ ｉｒｏｎ ｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅ）電池工作電壓為３.２伏特，擁有鋰鈷、鋰鎳和鋰錳等電池的優點，其原料為鐵、鋰、磷等地球擁有之豐富資源，與其它二次電池相較下，磷酸鋰鐵電池擁有容量大、轉換效率佳、高放電功率、充電時間短，且無記憶效應等優點；因此，常用於電動 B車 (ＥＶ)、油電混和車(ＨＥＶ)、電動腳踏車等，但在充放電時若造成磷酸鋰鐵電池的電壓超出限制的上下限範圍時，將導致電池內部產生無法復原的損害。The general Lithium iron phosphate battery has a working voltage of 3.2 volts and has the advantages of lithium cobalt, lithium nickel and lithium manganese. The raw materials are rich in resources such as iron, lithium and phosphorus. Compared with the secondary battery, the lithium iron phosphate battery has the advantages of large capacity, good conversion efficiency, high discharge power, short charging time, and no memory effect; therefore, it is commonly used in electric B vehicles (EV) and hybrid electric vehicles ( HEV), electric bicycle, etc., but if the voltage of the lithium iron phosphate battery exceeds the upper and lower limits of the limit during charging and discharging, it will cause irreparable damage inside the battery.
因此，有發明人設計一種『電池充電等化裝置』，請參閱中華民國發明專利公告第５０２９００號，其裝置包括有一電池電壓檢知電路，係用以取得串聯連接之電池組之各個電池電壓，將電壓分別調整到適當之準位輸出；一微控制器，接收電池電壓檢知電路輸出之調整到適當準位的電壓，並分別將之轉換成數位值，與預設電壓值作比較，如果電池組中之任何一個電池電壓高過預設電壓值，則產生相對應之數位信號輸出，並且產生一組脈波寬度調變（ＰＷＭ）信號輸出；一邏輯及驅動電路，接收微控制器輸出之數位輸出信號與脈波寬度調變信號作邏輯處理，並將處理過之信號加強驅動能力並輸出；一返馳式轉換器，接收邏輯及驅動電路之輸出信號，抽取電池組中之電池電壓高過預設電壓值之電池之電流，而對整個電池組作回充電流動作；藉此，使得充電時可取得串聯連接之電池組的各個電池電壓，將其數位化後與預設電壓值做比較，如果有任何一個電池電壓高於預設之電壓值，則將啟動返馳式轉換器抽取電池之電流，對整個串聯連接之電池組做回充動作，以避免單個電池過度充電，如此達到均等充電的目的，可延長串聯連接之電池組的壽命；然，上述電路裝置僅可單方向地進行電池電壓平衡，造成充電時間過長，充電效率過低等缺失。Therefore, some inventors have designed a "battery charging equalization device", please refer to the Republic of China invention patent publication No. 502900, the device includes a battery voltage detecting circuit for obtaining the battery voltage of the battery pack connected in series, The voltage is respectively adjusted to an appropriate level output; a microcontroller receives the voltage adjusted to the appropriate level of the battery voltage detection circuit output, and converts it into a digital value, respectively, and compares it with the preset voltage value, if When any battery voltage in the battery pack is higher than the preset voltage value, a corresponding digital signal output is generated, and a set of pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output is generated; a logic and drive circuit receives the microcontroller output. The digital output signal and the pulse width modulation signal are logically processed, and the processed signal is enhanced to drive and output; a flyback converter receives the output signal of the logic and the driving circuit, and extracts the battery voltage in the battery pack. The current of the battery higher than the preset voltage value, and the charging current flow of the entire battery pack; thereby, When charging, the battery voltages of the battery packs connected in series can be obtained, and digitized and compared with a preset voltage value. If any battery voltage is higher than a preset voltage value, the flyback converter will be activated. The current of the battery is extracted, and the battery pack connected in series is recharged to avoid overcharging of the single battery, so that the purpose of equal charging can be extended, and the life of the battery pack connected in series can be extended; however, the above circuit device can only be single direction The battery voltage is balanced, resulting in a lack of charging time and low charging efficiency.
今，本發明人有鑑於此，秉持多年該相關行業之豐富設計開發及實際製作經驗，改良發明一雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路，其目的在於提供一種利用變壓器配合開關作為電池單元能量傳遞的元件，藉以改善每個電池單元在串聯充電時具有電壓不平衡問題之雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路。Nowadays, the inventor of the present invention has improved the invention and a bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit by virtue of years of rich experience in design and development and actual production in the related industries, and the object thereof is to provide a transformer with a switch as a battery unit energy transfer. The component is used to improve the bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit in which each battery cell has a voltage imbalance problem in series charging.
本發明係有關於一種雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路，係主要包括有一變壓器、一主開關元件、至少二個平衡單元、一電池組以及一開關控制單元；主開關元件連接於變壓器第一側繞組，變壓器具有至少二個第二側繞組，於第二側繞組並聯平衡單元，平衡單元包括有一連接第二側繞組第一端之第一開關元件，以及一連接第二側繞組第二端之第二開關元件；其中，其中主開關元件、第一開關元件以及第二開關元件皆具有寄生二極體；電池組則包含有至少二個彼此串接之電池單元，且每一電池單元之正極與負極分別連接對應平衡單元之第一開關元件與第二開關元件；開關控制單元分別連接主開關元件、第一開關元件以及第二開關元件，用以控制主開關元件、第一開關元件，以及二開關元件之導通或截止狀態。The invention relates to a bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit, which mainly comprises a transformer, a main switching component, at least two balancing units, a battery pack and a switch control unit; the main switching component is connected to the transformer first a side winding, the transformer has at least two second side windings, and the balancing unit is connected in parallel with the second side winding, the balancing unit includes a first switching element connected to the first end of the second side winding, and a second end connected to the second side winding a second switching element; wherein the main switching element, the first switching element, and the second switching element each have a parasitic diode; the battery pack includes at least two battery cells connected in series with each other, and each of the battery cells The positive electrode and the negative electrode are respectively connected to the first switching element and the second switching element of the corresponding balancing unit; the switch control unit is respectively connected to the main switching element, the first switching element and the second switching element for controlling the main switching element and the first switching element, And the on or off state of the two switching elements.
藉此，本發明之雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路於實施使用時，可具有雙向的電池組對電池單元均充模式以及電池單元對電池組均充模式；於電池組對電池單元均充模式中，開關控制單元即將連接第一側繞組之主開關元件導通，使第二側繞組之電池組能量開始對變壓器儲能（儲能狀態），直到主開關元件截止；此時，變壓器第二側繞組的電壓會被電壓最低之電池單元給箝制住，而對此電池單元形成充電迴路（釋能狀態），進而達成均勻充電之目的；而於電池單元對電池組均充模式，係將電壓最高之電池單元的第一開關元件導通，使電壓最高的電池單元能量可儲存於變壓器的線圈中（儲能狀態）；當能量儲存完畢後，開關控制單元將第一開關元件截止，透過變壓器第一側繞組之主開關元件之寄生二極體可將儲存在變壓器的能量傳送至整個電池組進行充電（釋能狀態），進而達成均勻充電之目的。Therefore, the bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit of the present invention can have a bidirectional battery pack to battery unit equalization mode and a battery unit to battery pack equalization mode when the implementation is used; In the mode, the switch control unit turns on the main switching element connected to the first side winding, so that the battery energy of the second side winding starts to store energy to the transformer (storage state) until the main switching element is turned off; The voltage of the side winding is clamped by the battery unit with the lowest voltage, and the battery unit forms a charging circuit (release state), thereby achieving uniform charging; and when the battery unit is charged to the battery pack, the voltage is applied. The first switching element of the highest battery unit is turned on, so that the energy of the battery with the highest voltage can be stored in the coil of the transformer (storage state); when the energy is stored, the switch control unit turns off the first switching element, through the transformer The parasitic diode of the main switching element of one winding can transfer the energy stored in the transformer to the entire battery pack Line charge (release state), and thus to achieve uniform charging of the object.
本發明之目的及其結構功能上的優點，將依據以下圖面所示之結構，配合具體實施例予以說明，俾使審查委員能對本發明有更深入且具體之瞭解。The object of the present invention and its structural and functional advantages will be explained in conjunction with the specific embodiments according to the structure shown in the following drawings, so that the reviewing committee can have a more in-depth and specific understanding of the present invention.
首先，請參閱第一圖所示，為本發明雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路之較佳實施例，係包括有：First, referring to the first figure, a preferred embodiment of the bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit of the present invention includes:
一變壓器（１），其具有第一側繞組（１１）以及與第一側繞組（１１）感應之至少二個第二側繞組（１２）；其中，第一側繞組（１１）之打點反向於第二側繞組（１２）之打點，且於本實施例中，係具有三個第二側繞組（１２）；a transformer (1) having a first side winding (11) and at least two second side windings (12) induced with the first side winding (11); wherein the first side winding (11) is reversed In the second side winding (12), and in this embodiment, has three second side windings (12);
一主開關元件（２），係連接第一側繞組（１１）；a main switching element (2) is connected to the first side winding (11);
至少二個平衡單元（３），平衡單元（３）係對應連接於第二側繞組（１２）之第一端與第二端；於本實施例中，係具有三個平衡單元（３），且每一個平衡單元（３）包括有一連接第二側繞組（１２）第一端之第一開關元件（３１），以及一連接第二側繞組（１２）第二端之第二開關元件（３２）；At least two balancing units (3), the balancing unit (3) is correspondingly connected to the first end and the second end of the second side winding (12); in the embodiment, there are three balancing units (3), And each balancing unit (3) includes a first switching element (31) connecting the first end of the second side winding (12), and a second switching element (32) connecting the second end of the second side winding (12) );
一電池組（４），其包含有至少二個彼此串接之電池單元（４１），於本實施例中，係具有三個電池單元（４１），分別為第一電池單元（４１１）、第二電池單元（４１２）以及第三電池單元（４１３），且每一電池單元（４１）之正極與負極分別連接對應平衡單元（３）之第一開關元件（３１）與第二開關元件（３２）；以及a battery pack (4) comprising at least two battery cells (41) connected in series with each other. In this embodiment, there are three battery cells (41), respectively being a first battery unit (411), a second battery unit (412) and a third battery unit (413), and a positive electrode and a negative electrode of each battery unit (41) are respectively connected to the first switching element (31) and the second switching element (32) of the corresponding balancing unit (3) );as well as
一開關控制單元（５），係分別連接主開關元件（２）、第一開關元件（３１），以及第二開關元件（３２），分別用以控制主開關元件（２）、第一開關元件（３１），以及該二開關元件（３２）之導通或截止狀態；其中，開關控制單元（５）係藉由脈衝寬度調變（ＰＷＭ）或脈衝頻率調變（ＰＦＭ）控制主開關元件（２）、第一開關元件（３１）以及第二開關元件（３２）之導通或截止。a switch control unit (5) is respectively connected to the main switching element (2), the first switching element (31), and the second switching element (32) for respectively controlling the main switching element (2) and the first switching element (31), and an on or off state of the two switching elements (32); wherein the switch control unit (5) controls the main switching element by pulse width modulation (PWM) or pulse frequency modulation (PFM) (2) The first switching element (31) and the second switching element (32) are turned on or off.
此外，上述之主開關元件（２）、第一開關元件（３１）以及第二開關元件（３２）皆具有寄生二極體；且主開關元件（２）、第一開關元件（３１）以及第二開關元件（３２）係選自金氧半場效電晶體（ＭＯＳＦＥＴ）或絕緣柵雙極電晶體（ＩＧＢＴ）其中之一；於本實施例中，主開關元件（２）、第一開關元件（３１）以及第二開關元件（３２）係為金氧半場效電晶體，且值得注意的，本發明之雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路所選擇之主開關元件（２）、第一開關元件（３１）以及第二開關元件（３２），其本身需具有寄生二極體，以確保本發明電路的正常動作。In addition, the main switching element (2), the first switching element (31), and the second switching element (32) have a parasitic diode; and the main switching element (2), the first switching element (31), and the The two switching elements (32) are selected from one of a metal oxide half field effect transistor (MOSFET) or an insulated gate bipolar transistor ( IGBT); in this embodiment, the main switching element (2), the first switching element ( 31) and the second switching element (32) is a gold-oxygen half field effect transistor, and it is worth noting that the main switching element (2) and the first switching element selected by the bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit of the present invention (31) and the second switching element (32) itself need to have a parasitic diode to ensure proper operation of the circuit of the present invention.
根據上述之雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路於實施使用時，可分為電池組對電池單元均充模式以及電池單元對電池組均充模式，請參閱第二～三圖所示；電池組對電池單元均充模式之電路動作原理係將連接第一側繞組（１１）之主開關元件（２）導通，使第二側繞組（１２）之電池組（４）能量開始對變壓器（１）儲能（儲能狀態），而當主開關元件（２）截止時，變壓器（１）第二側繞組（１２）的電壓會被電壓最低的電池單元（４１）給箝制住，而對電壓最低之電池單元（４１）形成充電迴路（釋能狀態），進而達成均勻充電之目的；其中之儲能狀態與釋能狀態分述如下：According to the above-mentioned two-way flyback active battery balancing circuit, when it is implemented, it can be divided into a battery pack to battery unit charging mode and a battery unit to battery pack charging mode, as shown in the second to third figures; The circuit operation principle of the battery unit charging mode is to turn on the main switching element (2) connected to the first side winding (11), so that the battery (4) energy of the second side winding (12) starts to the transformer (1) Energy storage (storage state), and when the main switching element (2) is turned off, the voltage of the second side winding (12) of the transformer (1) is clamped by the battery unit (41) having the lowest voltage, and the voltage is the lowest. The battery unit (41) forms a charging circuit (release state), thereby achieving uniform charging; wherein the energy storage state and the energy release state are as follows:
儲能狀態〔ｔ０≦ｔ≦ｔ１〕：Energy storage state [t 0 ≦t≦t 1 ]:
請參閱第二圖所示，首先，開關控制單元（５）將變壓器（１）第二側繞組（１２）之所有第二開關元件（３２）導通，當變壓器（１）第一側繞組（１１）之主開關元件（２）導通時，電池組（４）中之電池單元（４１）開始對變壓器（１）第一側繞組（１１）儲能，電流Ｉ１開始上升，而此時變壓器（１）第二側繞組（１２）之打點，因與第一側繞組（１１）之打點反向，使得第二側繞組（１２）不會有能量，而將能量儲存於變壓器（１）中，當主開關元件（２）截止時，此狀態結束；Referring to the second figure, first, the switch control unit (5) turns on all the second switching elements (32) of the second side winding (12) of the transformer (1), when the transformer (1) first side winding (11) When the main switching element (2) is turned on, the battery unit (41) in the battery pack (4) starts to store energy to the first side winding (11) of the transformer (1), and the current I 1 starts to rise, and at this time the transformer ( 1) the striking of the second side winding (12) is reversed from the striking of the first side winding (11), so that the second side winding (12) does not have energy, and the energy is stored in the transformer (1). When the main switching element (2) is turned off, this state ends;
釋能狀態〔ｔ1≦ｔ≦ｔ2〕：Release state [t 1 ≦t≦t 2 ]:
接著，請參閱第三圖所示，當主開關元件（２）截止後，第二側繞組（１２）之所有第二開關元件（３２）仍持續導通，於本實施例中，若第一電池單元（４１１）的電壓最低，變壓器（１）第二側繞組（１２）的電壓會被第一電池單元（４１１）給箝制住，使得第一開關元件（３１）之寄生二極體因極性而導通，而將儲能狀態所儲存於變壓器（１）的能量開始轉移至第一電池單元（４１１），對第一電池單元（４１１）進行充電，直到流經第一電池單元（４１１）的電流Ｉ２為零時，此狀態結束；綜合上述，電池組對電池單元均充模式為將電池組（４）的能量對變壓器（１）第二側繞組（１２）電壓最低之電池單元（４１）進行均充，當變壓器（１）第一側繞組（１１）的主開關元件（２）導通，抽取電池組（４）內的能量並儲存於變壓器（１）中，當主開關元件（２）截止時，透過第一開關元件（３１）之寄生二極體使儲存在變壓器（１）中的能量傳遞至電壓較低之第一電池單元（４１１）；其電池組對電池單元均充模式之電路時序波形圖如第四圖所示。Next, referring to the third figure, after the main switching element (2) is turned off, all the second switching elements (32) of the second side winding (12) are still turned on. In this embodiment, if the first battery The voltage of the unit (411) is the lowest, and the voltage of the second side winding (12) of the transformer (1) is clamped by the first battery unit (411), so that the parasitic diode of the first switching element (31) is polarized. Turning on, and transferring the energy stored in the transformer (1) in the energy storage state to the first battery unit (411), charging the first battery unit (411) until the current flowing through the first battery unit (411) When I 2 is zero, this state ends; in combination with the above, the battery pack is charged to the battery unit (4) with the lowest voltage of the battery (4) to the second side winding (12) of the transformer (1). For equalization, when the main switching element (2) of the first side winding (11) of the transformer (1) is turned on, the energy in the battery pack (4) is extracted and stored in the transformer (1) , when the main switching element (2) is turned off, the energy stored in the transformer (1) is transmitted to the first battery unit (411) having a lower voltage through the parasitic diode of the first switching element (31); The circuit timing waveform diagram of the battery pack to the battery unit charging mode is as shown in the fourth figure.
請參閱第五～六圖所示，為本發明另一種電池單元對電池組均充模式，其電路動作原理係將電壓最高之電池單元（４１）的第一開關元件（３１）導通，使電壓較高的電池單元（４１）能量可儲存於變壓器（１）的線圈中（儲能狀態）；當能量儲存完畢後，將第一開關元件（３１）截止，透過變壓器（１）第一側繞組（１１）之主開關元件（２）的寄生二極體，將儲存在變壓器（１）的能量傳送至整個電池組（４）進行充電（釋能狀態），進而達成均勻充電之目的；其中之儲能狀態與釋能狀態分述如下：Referring to FIG. 5 to FIG. 6 , the battery unit is charged in another battery unit according to the present invention. The circuit operation principle is to turn on the first switching element ( 31 ) of the battery unit ( 41 ) with the highest voltage to make the voltage. The higher battery unit (41) energy can be stored in the coil of the transformer (1) (storage state); when the energy is stored, the first switching element (31) is turned off, and the first side winding of the transformer (1) is transmitted. (11) The parasitic diode of the main switching element (2) transmits the energy stored in the transformer (1) to the entire battery pack (4) for charging (released state), thereby achieving uniform charging; The energy storage state and the energy release state are described as follows:
儲能狀態〔ｔ０≦ｔ≦ｔ１〕：Energy storage state [t 0 ≦t≦t 1 ]:
請參閱第五圖所示，於本實施例中，若第一電池單元（４１１）的電壓為電池組（４）中電壓最高之電池，為達到均勻充電之目的，將第一電池單元（４１１）對應平衡單元（３）之第一開關元件（３１）導通，而當第一開關元件（３１）導通時，其第二開關元件（３２）之寄生二極體則會因為極性而導通，進而形成一個迴路，電流Ｉ１開始上升，並將第一電池單元（４１１）上之能量儲存於變壓器（１）中，當能量儲存完畢後，將第一開關元件（３１）截止，此狀態結束；Referring to the fifth figure, in the embodiment, if the voltage of the first battery unit (411) is the highest voltage battery in the battery pack (4), the first battery unit (411) is used for the purpose of uniform charging. The first switching element (31) corresponding to the balancing unit (3) is turned on, and when the first switching element (31) is turned on, the parasitic diode of the second switching element (32) is turned on due to polarity, and further Forming a loop, the current I 1 starts to rise, and the energy on the first battery unit (411) is stored in the transformer (1). When the energy is stored, the first switching element (31) is turned off, and the state ends;
釋能狀態〔ｔ1≦ｔ≦ｔ2〕：Release state [t 1 ≦t≦t 2 ]:
接著，請參閱第六圖所示，當第一開關元件（３１）截止時，主開關元件（２）的寄生二極體因變壓器（１）第二側繞組（１２）極性相反而導通，將於儲能狀態所儲存在變壓器（１）的能量（即電流Ｉ２）對電池組（４）進行充電；綜合上述，電池單元對電池組均充模式為抽取變壓器（１）第二側繞組（１２）電壓最高之電池單元（４１）的能量，對電池組（４）中的第一～三電池單元（４１１）、（４１２）、（４１３）進行均充，其電路時序波形圖如第七圖所示。Next, referring to the sixth figure, when the first switching element (31) is turned off, the parasitic diode of the main switching element (2) is turned on due to the opposite polarity of the second side winding (12) of the transformer (1), The energy stored in the transformer (1) in the energy storage state (ie, current I 2 ) charges the battery pack (4); in combination with the above, the battery unit is charged to the second stack of the transformer (1) 12) The energy of the battery cell (41) having the highest voltage is equalized to the first to third battery cells (411), (412), and (413) in the battery pack (4), and the circuit timing waveform diagram is as follows. The figure shows.
由上述之實施說明可知，本發明與現有技術相較之下，本發明具有以下優點：It can be seen from the above description that the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
- 本發明藉由返馳式變壓器的特點，使得不論是第一側繞組或是第二側繞組之開關元件導通時，皆可將能量儲存在變壓器中，而當開關元件截止時再把能量透過變壓器傳送到電壓較低的電池，或傳送給整個電池組，以達到電池充電時電量平衡的效果。The invention adopts the characteristics of the flyback type transformer, so that the energy can be stored in the transformer when the switching elements of the first side winding or the second side winding are turned on, and the energy is transmitted through the transformer when the switching element is turned off. Transfer to a lower voltage battery or to the entire battery pack to achieve battery balance when charging.
- 本發明於變壓器之第二側繞組加入兩顆開關元件，達到可將儲存的能量傳送到電壓較低的電池單元以及可透過變壓器傳送到電池組，不僅達到雙向傳遞和均勻充放電之目的外，亦可避免電池單元能量不必要的浪費。The invention adds two switching elements to the second side winding of the transformer, so that the stored energy can be transmitted to the battery unit with a lower voltage and can be transmitted to the battery pack through the transformer, not only for the purpose of two-way transmission and uniform charging and discharging, It also avoids unnecessary waste of battery unit energy.
- 本發明之雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路，不論是電池組對電池單元均充模式或電池單元對電池組均充模式，其開關控制單元僅需控制儲能狀態之時間，無須注意開關元件截止時間，其控制方式安全可行，以避免釋能狀態時間控制不當而導致開關元件燒毀之情況發生。The bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit of the invention not only has the battery pack to the battery unit equalization mode or the battery unit to the battery pack equalization mode, but the switch control unit only needs to control the time of the energy storage state, and does not need to pay attention to the switching element. At the cut-off time, the control method is safe and feasible, so as to avoid the situation that the switching element is burned due to improper control of the release state time.
綜上所述，本發明之雙向返馳式主動型電池平衡電路，的確能藉由上述所揭露之實施例，達到所預期之使用功效，且本發明亦未曾公開於申請前，誠已完全符合專利法之規定與要求。爰依法提出發明專利之申請，懇請惠予審查，並賜准專利，則實感德便。In summary, the bidirectional flyback active battery balancing circuit of the present invention can achieve the intended use efficiency by the above disclosed embodiments, and the present invention has not been disclosed before the application, and has been fully met. The provisions and requirements of the Patent Law.爰Issuing an application for a patent for invention in accordance with the law, and asking for a review, and granting a patent, is truly sensible.
惟，上述所揭之圖示及說明，僅為本發明之較佳實施例，非為限定本發明之保護範圍；大凡熟悉該項技藝之人士，其所依本發明之特徵範疇，所作之其它等效變化或修飾，皆應視為不脫離本發明之設計範疇。The illustrations and descriptions of the present invention are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention; those skilled in the art, which are characterized by the scope of the present invention, Equivalent variations or modifications are considered to be within the scope of the design of the invention.
(1)．．．變壓器(1). . . transformer
(11)．．．第一側繞組(11). . . First side winding
(12)．．．第二側繞組(12). . . Second side winding
(2)．．．主開關元件(2). . . Main switching element
(3)．．．平衡單元(3). . . Balance unit
(31)．．．第一開關元件(31). . . First switching element
(32)．．．第二開關元件(32). . . Second switching element
(4)．．．電池組(4). . . Battery
(41)．．．電池單元(41). . . Battery unit
(411)．．．第一電池單元(411). . . First battery unit
(412)．．．第二電池單元(412). . . Second battery unit
(413)．．．第三電池單元(413). . . Third battery unit
(5)．．．開關控制單元(5). . . Switch control unit
I1．．．電流I 1 . . . Current
I2．．．電流I 2 . . . Current
第一圖：本發明實施例之電路架構圖First figure: circuit architecture diagram of an embodiment of the present invention
第二圖：本發明實施例於電池組對電池單元均充模式之儲能狀態〔ｔ０≦ｔ≦ｔ１〕電路工作圖The second figure: the working state of the energy storage state [t 0 ≦t≦t 1 ] of the battery pack in the battery unit charging mode according to the embodiment of the present invention
第三圖：本發明實施例於電池組對電池單元均充模式之釋能狀態〔ｔ1≦ｔ≦ｔ2〕電路工作圖The third figure: the circuit diagram of the discharge state of the battery pack to the battery unit in the charging mode of the embodiment of the present invention [t 1 ≦t≦t 2 ]
第四圖：本發明實施例於電池組對電池單元均充模式之電路時序波形圖The fourth figure: the circuit timing waveform diagram of the battery pack to the battery unit charging mode in the embodiment of the present invention
第五圖：本發明實施例於電池單元對電池組均充模式之儲能狀態〔ｔ０≦ｔ≦ｔ１〕電路工作圖Fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of the energy storage state [t 0 ≦t≦t 1 ] of the battery unit in the battery pack charging mode according to the embodiment of the present invention
第六圖：本發明實施例於電池單元對電池組均充模式之釋能狀態〔ｔ1≦ｔ≦ｔ2〕電路工作圖Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the discharge state of the battery unit in the battery pack charging mode according to the embodiment of the present invention [t 1 ≦t≦t 2 ]
第七圖：本發明實施例於電池單元對電池組均充模式之電路時序波形圖FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing the timing of the battery unit in the battery pack charging mode according to the embodiment of the present invention.
(1)．．．變壓器(1). . . transformer
(11)．．．第一側繞組(11). . . First side winding
(12)．．．第二側繞組(12). . . Second side winding
(2)．．．主開關元件(2). . . Main switching element
(3)．．．平衡單元(3). . . Balance unit
(31)．．．第一開關元件(31). . . First switching element
(32)．．．第二開關元件(32). . . Second switching element
(4)．．．電池組(4). . . Battery
(41)．．．電池單元(41). . . Battery unit
(411)．．．第一電池單元(411). . . First battery unit
(412)．．．第二電池單元(412). . . Second battery unit
(413)．．．第三電池單元(413). . . Third battery unit
(5)．．．開關控制單元(5). . . Switch control unit
Claims (6)
一變壓器，其具有第一側繞組以及與該第一側繞組感應之至少二個第二側繞組；
一主開關元件，係連接該第一側繞組；
至少二個平衡單元，該平衡單元係對應連接於該第二側繞組之第一端與第二端，且該平衡單元包括有一連接該第二側繞組第一端之第一開關元件，以及一連接該第二側繞組第二端之第二開關元件；
一電池組，其包含有至少二個彼此串接之電池單元，該電池單元之正極與負極分別連接該第一開關元件與該第二開關元件；以及
一開關控制單元，係分別連接該主開關元件、該第一開關元件，以及該第二開關元件，分別用以控制該主開關元件、該第一開關元件，以及該第二開關元件之導通或截止狀態。The two-way flyback active battery balancing circuit includes:
a transformer having a first side winding and at least two second side windings inductively coupled to the first side winding;
a main switching element is connected to the first side winding;
At least two balancing units, the balancing unit is correspondingly connected to the first end and the second end of the second side winding, and the balancing unit comprises a first switching element connecting the first end of the second side winding, and a a second switching element connecting the second end of the second side winding;
a battery pack comprising at least two battery cells connected in series with each other, the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery unit are respectively connected to the first switching element and the second switching element; and a switch control unit is respectively connected to the main switch The component, the first switching component, and the second switching component are respectively configured to control an on or off state of the main switching component, the first switching component, and the second switching component.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW101109060A TW201340545A (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2012-03-16 | Bidirectional flyback and active battery balancing circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| TW101109060A TW201340545A (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2012-03-16 | Bidirectional flyback and active battery balancing circuit |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI581543B (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2017-05-01 | 輝創電子股份有限公司 | Active balancing module for a series battery and control method thereof |
| CN109245211A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-18 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of two-stage circuit of battery pack balancing based on Flyback converter |
-
2012
- 2012-03-16 TW TW101109060A patent/TW201340545A/en unknown
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI581543B (en) * | 2014-10-03 | 2017-05-01 | 輝創電子股份有限公司 | Active balancing module for a series battery and control method thereof |
| CN109245211A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-01-18 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of two-stage circuit of battery pack balancing based on Flyback converter |
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