TW201309258A - 多軸式骨骼固定裝置 - Google Patents

多軸式骨骼固定裝置 Download PDF

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TW201309258A
TW201309258A TW101129447A TW101129447A TW201309258A TW 201309258 A TW201309258 A TW 201309258A TW 101129447 A TW101129447 A TW 101129447A TW 101129447 A TW101129447 A TW 101129447A TW 201309258 A TW201309258 A TW 201309258A
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bone fixation
fixation device
head
axis
pressure
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Timo Biedermann
Lutz Biedermann
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Biedermann Technologies Gmbh
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7032Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass
    • A61B17/7034Screws or hooks with U-shaped head or back through which longitudinal rods pass characterised by a lateral opening
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/70Spinal positioners or stabilisers ; Bone stabilisers comprising fluid filler in an implant
    • A61B17/7001Screws or hooks combined with longitudinal elements which do not contact vertebrae
    • A61B17/7035Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other
    • A61B17/7037Screws or hooks, wherein a rod-clamping part and a bone-anchoring part can pivot relative to each other wherein pivoting is blocked when the rod is clamped
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • A61B17/7233Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
    • A61B17/725Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with locking pins or screws of special form
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30495Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a locking ring

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Abstract

本案提供一種多軸式骨骼固定裝置,包含固定元件(2,2’,2”,2’’’),有固定於骨骼之軸部(3,3’,3”,3’’’),和頭部(4,4’,4”,4’’’);容納件(5,5’,5”,5’’’),有頂端(51,51’,51”,51’’’)和底端(52,52’,52”,52’’’),容納桿件用之凹槽(56,56’,56”,56’’’),從頂端(51,51’,51”,51’’’)延伸到底端(52,52’,52”,52’’’)之通道(53,53’,53”,53’’’;54,54’,54”,54’’’;55,55’,55”,55’’’),並含有容納頭部(4,4’,4”,4’’’)用之底座(54,54’,54”,54’’’);壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6’’’),配置在通道(53,53’,53”,53’’’)內,構成對頭部(4,4’,4”,4’’’)施壓,其中頭部可相對於容納件(5,5’,5”,5’’’)樞動,並可利用壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6’’’)鎖定於角度。壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6’’’)包括至少一鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a’’’;600b,600b’,600b”,600b’’’)。容納件(5,5’,5”,5’’’)包含至少一螺紋貫穿孔(500a,500a’,500a”,500a’’’;500b,500b’,500b”,500b’’’)以容納固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8’’’),和至少一固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8’’’)。貫穿孔(500a,500a’,500a”,500a’’’;500b,500b’,500b”,500b’’’)和鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a’’’;600b,600b’,600b”,600b’’’)配置成把固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8’’’)旋入貫穿孔(500a,500a’,500a”,500a’’’;500b,500b’,500b”,500b’’’),且固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8’’’)與鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a’’’;600b,600b’,600b”,600b’’’)結合時,壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6’’’)即對頭部(4,4’,4”,4’’’)施力,在多軸式骨骼固定裝置鎖定之前,利用摩擦維持頭部於角度位置。

Description

多軸式骨骼固定裝置
本發明係關於一種多軸式骨骼固定裝置,把穩定桿件固定於骨骼或椎骨內之用。骨骼固定裝置包含固定元件、容納元件、供容納骨骼固定元件頭部,和容納欲連接於固定元件之穩定桿件。固定元件樞動連接於容納件,可經由配置在容納件內的壓力元件施壓於頭部,而鎖定於某一角度。壓力元件和容納件構成合作,使得壓力元件可以摩擦方式夾持頭部,在多軸式骨骼固定裝置鎖定之前,維持在所需角度位置。
US 5,716,356記述一種多軸式骨骼螺釘,包含螺釘元件,樞動連接於螺釘元件之容納件,以及對螺釘元件頭部施壓之壓力元件,鎖定在螺釘元件和容納件之角度。容納件有U形凹槽,以容納穩定桿件。壓力元件包括圓筒形凹部,與U形凹槽對齊,以容納桿件。為保持壓力元件在與U形凹溝對齊之位置,利用容納件所設貫穿孔縐縮,以固定壓力元件之位置。
當骨骼固定元件頭部鎖定於最後角度位置之前,對容納件自由樞動時,在較複雜的臨床應用上,例如要把多數骨骼固定器連接於桿件時,容納件很難對齊以插入桿件。
US 7,604,656(Shluzas)記載一種扣件,可與骨骼部位結合,把縱長構件連接於骨骼部位。容納扣件之罩殼,亦容納間隔件,後者可與扣件和縱長構件結合。在一具體例中,間隔件被插銷構件逼入與扣件和罩殼呈摩擦結合。
本發明之目的,在於提供一種多軸式骨骼固定裝置,及其製法,得以改進在手術當中的處置,且可以簡單方式製造。
此目的是以申請專利範圍第1項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置 解決。進一步發展列在申請專利範圍附屬項內。
以此多軸式骨骼固定裝置,可達成把頭部暫時夾持在相對於容納件之所需角度位置,不將頭部鎖定。如此即可把容納件維持在可調節之角度位置。在此情況下,壓力元件可對頭部施以預負載,不將頭部鎖定,只是防止其自由樞動。當頭部被暫時夾持時,方便容納件與桿件對齊,以插入桿件,尤其是要把多數骨骼固定器連接於桿件。
當桿件業已插入容納件時,桿件仍可調節,不需將頭部完全解鎖。
多軸式骨骼固定裝置只包括少數組件,設計簡單,且可有較大之生產公差。在鎖定之前,以摩擦方式維持頭部之機制,免用彈簧構件或部位。此舉可方便多軸式骨骼固定裝置之生產。此外,可用現有容納件和壓力元件,不需修改其形式。例如,可把現有縐縮腔孔改成螺紋貫穿腔孔。
利用壓力構件施於頭部之預負載量,可以簡單方式正確預定,即藉選擇腔孔之位置和形狀,以及固定螺釘之形狀,又利用固定螺釘所應用之力,視旋入深度而定。利用固定螺釘,可達成對螺釘頭部所施壓力之無段調節。旋緊固定螺釘,則多軸式螺釘可用做單軸式螺釘。固定螺釘所施摩擦力為可逆式,旋鬆固定螺釘即可。
多軸式骨骼固定裝置可以預組裝方式提供給外科醫師,其中壓力元件利用固定螺釘實際上以轉動方式固定,至不會脫出或轉離其對齊位置的程度。如此可讓外科醫師安全插入。亦可提供具有預裝固定螺釘的容納件,容許外科醫師引進所需骨骼螺釘,把壓力元件插入容納件內,利用固定螺釘把多軸式骨骼固定裝置鎖定。
容納件和壓力元件可以低成本製成系列。
本發明其他特點和優點,由附圖所示具體例之說明,即可清楚。
第1至4圖所示第一具體例之多軸式骨骼固定裝置1,包含骨骼固定元件2,呈螺釘構件2形式,有螺紋軸部3和頭部4。頭部4為一般球形,在自由端含有凹部4a,以便把螺紋軸部3插入骨骼用之工具結合。骨骼固定裝置1又含有容納件5,供螺釘構件2連接於桿件20。壓力元件6配置在容納件5內,於頭部4頂上。為了將桿件20保固於容納件5內,並對頭部4施壓,設有鎖定裝置,例如內螺釘7,與容納件5合作。
容納件為實質上圓筒形單件式組件,有頂端51和底端52。由共軸腔孔53後繼底座部54形成通道,從頂端51延伸至底端52,以容納螺釘構件2之頭部4。底座部54在底端52有開口55,螺釘構件2之軸部3延伸穿過。圖示底座部54為球形,但可斜縮,亦可呈得以容納頭部4之其他形狀,故可相對於容納件5樞動。在頂端51設有U形凹部56,藉此形成二自由股部57,58,成為凹槽側壁,以容納桿件20。股部57,58設有陰螺紋59,與內螺釘7合作。
由第5至8圖可見,壓力元件6形成單件式。實質上呈圓筒構造,其外徑得以在容納件5的腔孔53內軸向運動。壓力元件6有頂端61和底端62。壓力元件6插入容納件5內時,底端62面向螺釘元件2的頭部4。底端62設有球形凹部63,適應頭部4的尺寸和形狀。球形凹部63構成與頭部4的球形表面摩擦結合。頂端61設有U形凹部64,藉此形成二自由股部65,66,形成凹槽以容納桿件20。此外,壓力元件6包含共軸腔孔67,可藉工具(圖上未示)存取螺釘頭部4。壓力元件6為實體構件,無任何彈簧部位使其具有撓性。配置在容納件5內,使容納件5之U形凹部56與壓力元件6之U形凹部64對齊。
在第3圖中,螺釘頭部4位在底座54內,壓力元件6配置在螺釘頭部4頂上。壓力元件6的自由股部65,66高度, 構成在桿件20插入而置於凹槽底部時,自由股部65,66延伸到桿件20上方。二固定螺釘8在未組裝狀態。第4圖內,二固定螺釘8在組裝狀態。由第9至11圖可見,固定螺釘8是無頭螺釘,有陽螺紋81、第一端和第二端。第一端設有結合結構8a,可與螺絲起子等工具(圖上未示)結合。由第9和11圖可見,結合結構8a為內六角形,可與六角承窩螺釘扳手(圖上未示)結合。固定螺釘8的第二端為截頭錐形或斜縮形部位82,有扁平尖端。
形成內螺釘7之鎖定裝置7具有凸部71,伸入壓力元件6的自由股部65,66形成之凹槽內。凸部71在軸向之尺寸是,當內螺釘7旋緊時,凸部71壓到桿件20,而在壓力元件頂端61和內螺釘7下側之間,仍有間隙21。所以,單一內螺釘7只能施壓於桿件20,從而施壓於壓力元件6。須知形成內螺釘7之單件式鎖定裝置,可改用二件式鎖定裝置(圖上未示),二件式鎖定裝置包含第一部份,可旋入容納件的股部57,58中間。第一部份作用於壓力元件6的頂端61。又,在第一部份內設有形成內螺釘的第二部份,壓到桿件20。藉此可將頭部4和桿件20單獨固定。
容納件5含有二螺紋貫穿鑽孔500a,500b,從外表面伸入到共軸腔孔53。鑽孔500a,500b配置成彼此偏差180°,而與U形凹部56形成之凹槽相差90°。鑽孔500a,500b垂直於共軸腔孔53之腔孔軸線M對齊。鑽孔500a,500b之腔孔軸線A和B,設在與容納件5之第二端52有一段距離H。
壓力元件6相對應包含二貫穿鑽孔600a,600b,彼此偏差180°,而與U形凹部64形成的凹槽偏差90°。鑽孔600a,600b分別有中心軸線a,b,垂直於腔孔軸線M。在圖示具體例中,鑽孔600a,600b呈錐形。鑽孔600a,600b向下延伸的腹部601a,601b各含角度β,與中心腔孔軸線M呈大約60°。當壓力元件6插入到置於螺釘元件頭部4時,鑽孔600a,600b的中心軸線a,b,容納件5的第二端52有一段距離h,比鑽 孔500a,500b之中心軸線A,B的距離H大。易言之,鑽孔600a,600b配置在螺紋鑽孔500a,500b上方。鑽孔600a,600b亦為盲孔,其開口側面朝容納件5之內壁。
鑽孔600a,600b與鑽孔500a,500b間之距離,使得固定螺釘8旋入鑽孔500a,500b內時,固定螺釘8的斜縮腹部分別壓到鑽孔600a,600b的下腹部601a,601b,對壓力元件6施以向下力。結果,對壓力元件6的力量產生對頭部4之預負載,利用摩擦夾持頭部4。選擇螺紋圈,可達成所需摩擦力。旋入過程可用力作動和/或途程控制。利用此摩擦力,可維持頭部4於所需角度位置,而只要對螺釘構件2或容納件5施力大於摩擦力,即可移離此位置。同時,保證壓力元件6不會轉動,也不會經容納件5之頂端51脫出。鑽孔600a,600b具有空間,當壓力元件6向下運動至最後鎖定頭部4時,可容納固定螺釘8之錐體。
第二具體例如第12和13圖所示。與第一具體例不同,只有容納件5’的形狀。骨骼固定裝置1’之其他組件與第一具體例相同,不加贅述。
容納件5’有不對稱底端52’,容許螺釘構件對一側有較大樞動角度。例如以傾斜角度切掉容納件5’的一部份,即可達成如此不對稱底端52’。
再者,容納件5’形成共軸管狀延長部9,有可供桿件20’插入之槽孔91,和陰螺紋92。延長部用於最小侵襲性手術,而在旋緊內螺釘7'後即破掉。
須知鑽孔500a,500b的形狀可以改變。尤其是錐體角度可變化,或將底部圓滑,或改為其他形狀。壓力元件6所設鑽孔600a,600b,亦可有不同形狀。
按照第14圖所示第三具體例,鑽孔600a”,600b”可呈例如實質上長方形斷面。
按照第15圖所示第四具體例,壓力元件6'''的鑽孔600a''',600b'''斷面可例如為梯形,有傾斜下腹部601a''', 601b''',可與固定螺釘8'''的截頭斜縮腹部結合。
第16至18圖所示第六具體例中,骨骼固定裝置10只包括單一固定螺釘8,代替第1至4圖以及第14和15圖所示具體例中所述之二個固定螺釘8。
在第19和20圖所示具體例中,骨骼固定裝置10’亦只包括一個固定螺釘8,代替第12和13圖所示具體例中所述二個固定螺釘8。其他組件均相同。
骨骼固定裝置1之全部組件均由身體相容性材料製成,諸如身體相容性金屬,例如鈦,身體相容性金屬合金,諸如鎳鈦諾,或身體相容性塑膠材料,例如聚醚醚酮(PEEK),或其組成物。
通常必須有數個骨骼固定裝置1用桿件穩定骨骼組件或椎骨。使用時,骨骼固定裝置預組裝成第4圖所示。把螺釘構件2旋入骨骼或椎骨內。然後,應用大過摩擦力之力量樞動容納件5,直至各容納件5有供桿件20插入之正確定向。由於摩擦力的關係,各容納件5保持於此角度位置。然後,把連接骨骼固定裝置1之桿件20插入,旋緊固定螺釘8,使壓力元件6向下運動,將頭部4鎖定於底座,故螺釘構件2相對於容納件5之角度位置即告固定。桿件20則利用內螺釘7固定。
上述具體例之貫穿腔孔和鑽孔形狀,不限於所述形式。斜縮角度也不限於所述數值。當固定螺釘旋入時,可達成向下力的其他形狀均可用。
對固定元件而言,各種固定元件均可用,並與容納件組合。此等固定元件有例如不同長度、不同直徑之螺釘、加套螺釘、不同螺紋形式之螺釘、釘子、鈎等。頭部和軸部可為分開組件,彼此可連接。
容納件之形狀不限於圖示具體例。例如,可有凹部容許桿件從側面引進,取代從頂部引進,或是封閉凹部,桿件必須導引通過。可用各種鎖定裝置,包含二件式或多件式鎖定 裝置、外螺母、外螺帽、插旋鎖定裝置等等。
在進一步修飾中,容納件可構成容許螺釘元件從底端引進。
1,1’‧‧‧多軸式骨骼固定裝置
2,2’‧‧‧骨骼固定元件
3,3’‧‧‧螺紋軸部
4,4’,4”,4'''‧‧‧螺釘元件頭部
4a,4a’,4a”,4a'''‧‧‧凹部
5,5’,5”,5'''‧‧‧容納件
6,6’,6”,6'''‧‧‧壓力元件
7,7’,7”,7'''‧‧‧內螺釘
8,8’,8”,8'''‧‧‧固定螺釘
8a‧‧‧結合結構
9‧‧‧共軸管狀延長部
10,10’‧‧‧骨骼固定裝置
20,20’,20”,20'''‧‧‧桿件
21,21’,21”,21'''‧‧‧間隙
51,51’,51”,51'''‧‧‧容納件頂端
52,52’,52”,52'''‧‧‧容納件底端
53,53’,53”,53'''‧‧‧共軸腔孔
54,54’,54”,54'''‧‧‧底座部
55,55’,55”,55'''‧‧‧開口
56‧‧‧U形凹部
57,57’,57”,57'''‧‧‧自由股部
58,58’,58”,58'''‧‧‧自由股部
59,59’,59”,59'''‧‧‧陰螺紋
61‧‧‧壓力元件頂端
62‧‧‧壓力元件底端
63,63’,63”,63'''‧‧‧球形凹部
64‧‧‧U形凹部
65,65’,65”,65'''‧‧‧自由股部
66,66’,66”,66'''‧‧‧自由股部
67‧‧‧共軸腔孔
71,71’,71”,71'''‧‧‧凸部
81‧‧‧陽螺紋
82‧‧‧截頭錐形或斜縮形部位
91‧‧‧槽孔
92‧‧‧陰螺紋
M,A,B‧‧‧腔孔軸線
H,h‧‧‧距離
a,b‧‧‧中心軸線
500a,500a’,500a”,500a'''‧‧‧鑽孔
500b,500b’,500b”,500b'''‧‧‧鑽孔
600a,600a’,600a”,600a'''‧‧‧鑽孔
600b,600b’,600b”,600b'''‧‧‧鑽孔
601a,601b‧‧‧鑽孔下腹部
第1圖為第一具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置之分解透視圖;第2圖為第1圖多軸式骨骼固定裝置之組裝狀態圖;第3圖為多軸式骨骼固定裝置於頭部最後鎖定以前的組裝狀態連同二個尚未組裝的固定螺釘之斷面圖;第4圖為多軸式骨骼固定裝置於頭部鎖定後的組裝狀態之斷面圖;第5圖為壓力元件之透視俯視圖;第6圖為壓力元件之透視仰視圖;第7圖為壓力元件之斷面圖;第8圖為壓力元件之俯視圖;第9圖為固定螺釘之透視圖;第10圖為固定螺釘之側視圖;第11圖為固定螺釘之俯視圖;第12圖為第二具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置組裝狀態之透視圖;第13圖為第5圖多軸式骨骼固定裝置之斷面圖;第14圖為第三具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置組裝狀態之斷面圖;第15圖為第四具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置組裝狀態之斷面圖;第16圖為第五具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置之透視分解圖;第17圖為第16圖多軸式骨骼固定裝置之組裝狀態圖;第18圖為第五具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置組裝狀態之斷面圖; 第19圖為第六具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置組裝狀態之透視圖;第20圖為第六具體例多軸式骨骼固定裝置組裝狀態之斷面圖。
1‧‧‧多軸式骨骼固定裝置
2‧‧‧骨骼固定元件
3‧‧‧螺紋軸部
4‧‧‧螺釘元件頭部
4a‧‧‧凹部
5‧‧‧容納件
6‧‧‧壓力元件
7‧‧‧內螺釘
8‧‧‧固定螺釘
20‧‧‧桿件
51‧‧‧容納件頂端
52‧‧‧容納件底端
53‧‧‧共軸腔孔
56‧‧‧U形凹部
57,58‧‧‧自由股部
59‧‧‧陰螺紋
61‧‧‧壓力元件頂端
62‧‧‧壓力元件底端
64‧‧‧U形凹部
65,66‧‧‧自由股部
500b‧‧‧鑽孔
600b‧‧‧鑽孔

Claims (12)

  1. 一種多軸式骨骼固定裝置,包含:固定元件(2,2’,2”,2'''),有固定於骨骼內之軸部(3,3’,3”,3'''),和頭部(4,4’,4”,4''');容納件(5,5’,5”,5'''),有頂端(51,51’,51”,51''')和底端(52,52’,52”,52'''),容納桿件用之凹槽(56,56’,56”,56'''),以及從頂端(51,51’,51”,51''')延伸至底端(52,52’,52”,52''')之通道(53,53’,53”,53''';54,54’,54”,54''';55,55’,55”,55'''),並含有容納頭部(4,4’,4”,4''')用之底座(54,54’,54”,54''');壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6'''),配置於通道(53,53’,53”,53''')內,構成對頭部(4,4’,4”,4''')施壓,其中頭部可相對於容納件(5,5’,5”,5''')樞動,並可利用壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6''')鎖定於某一角度;壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6''')包括至少一鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a''';600b,600b’,600b”,600b''');容納件(5,5’,5”,5''')包含容納固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''')用之至少一螺紋貫穿孔(500a,500a’,500a”,500a''';500b,500b’,500b”,500b''')以,和至少一固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''');其中貫穿孔(500a,500a’,500a”,500a''';500b,500b’,500b”,500b''')和鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a''';600b,600b’,600b”,600b''')係配置成,把固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''')旋入貫穿孔(500a,500a’,500a”,500a''';500b,500b’,500b”,500b''')內,並令固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''')與鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a''';600b,600b’,600b”,600b''')結合時,壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6''')即對頭部(4,4’,4”,4''')施力,在多軸式骨骼固定裝置鎖定之前,利用摩擦維持頭部於角度位置者。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中當壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6''')插入於容納件(5,5’,5”,5''')內,並置於頭部(4,4’,4”,4''')上時,鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a''';600b,600b’,600b”,600b''')之下緣(601a,601b)即按朝第二端(52,52’,52”,52''') 之軸向,與固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''')接觸者。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''')中心軸線和鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a''';600b,600b’,600b”,600b''')間的軸線M軸向距離,是當結合鑽孔之下緣(601a,601b),在頭部(4,4’,4”,4''')和壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6''')間產生界定摩擦力時,固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''')即對壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6''')施加壓力者。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1至3項中一項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中鑽孔(600a,600a’;600b,600b’)斜縮,又其中斜縮之腹部與軸線M包含之角度,和固定螺釘(8,8’)斜縮腹部與軸線M所包含角度相同者。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中角度介於30°和60°之間者。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1至5項中一項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中鑽孔(600a”,600b”)係圓筒形者。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項中一項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中鑽孔(600a''',600b''')之斷面為梯形者。
  8. 如申請專利範圍第1至7項中一項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中設有至少二貫穿孔(500a,500a’,500a”,500a''';500b,500b’,500b”,500b''')和相對應鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a''';600b,600b’,600b”,600b'''),按沿周方向偏差180°者。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1至8項中一項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中壓力元件(6,6’,6”,6''')包含頂端(61,61’,61”,61''')和底端(62,62’,62”,62'''),共軸腔孔(67,67’,67”,67'''),在底端之球形凹部(63,63’,63”,63'''),在頂端之圓筒形或U形凹部(64,64’,64”,64'''),又其中圓筒形或U形凹部(64,64’,64”,64''')係與容納件(5,5’,5”,5''')之凹部(56,56’,56”,56''')對齊者。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1至9項中一項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中容納件(5’)可有非對稱端部,容許固定元件(2’)對一側有較大樞動角度者。
  11. 如申請專利範圍第1至10項中一項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中固定螺釘(8,8’,8”,8''')有不設螺紋之前部(82),與鑽孔(600a,600a’,600a”,600a''';600b,600b’,600b”,600b''')結合者。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項之多軸式骨骼固定裝置,其中不設螺紋之前部(82)呈斜縮者。
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EP2559389A1 (en) 2013-02-20
US9345516B2 (en) 2016-05-24
CN102949232B (zh) 2017-03-01
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ES2418604T3 (es) 2013-08-14
JP6045253B2 (ja) 2016-12-14

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