201244251 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及通信領域’更具體地說’涉及一種射頻天線。 【先前技術】 隨著半導體制程的高度發展，對當今的電子系統集成度提 出了越來越高的要求，器件的小型化成爲了整個産業非常關注 的技術問題。然而，不同於ic芯片遵循“摩爾定律，，的發展， 作爲電子系統的另外重要組成—射頻模塊’卻面臨著器件小 型化的高難度技術挑戰。射頻模塊主要包括了混頻、功放、濾 波、射頻信號傳輸、匹配網絡與天線等主要器件。其中，天線 作爲最終射頻信號的輻射單元和接收器件’其工作特性將直接 影響整個電子系統的工作性能。然而天線的尺寸、帶寬、增益 等重要指標卻受到了基本物理原理的限制（固定尺寸下的增益 極限、帶寬極限等）。這些指標極限的基本原理使得天線的小 型化技術難度遠遠超過了其它器件，而由於射頻器件的電磁場 分析的複雜性，逼近這些極限值都成爲了巨大的技術挑戰。 同時，隨著現代電子系統的複雜化，多模服務的需求在無 線通仏、無線接入、衛星通信、無線數據網絡等系統中變得越 來越重要。而多模服務的需求進一步增大了小型化天線多模設 計的複雜度。除去小型化的技術挑戰，天線的多模阻抗匹配也 成爲了天線技術的瓶頸。另一方面，多輸入多輸出系統 (ΜΙΜΟ)在無線通信、無線數據服^^領域的高速發展更進一 步苛刻地要求了天線尺寸的小型化並同時保證良好的隔離 201244251 度、輻射性能以及抗干擾能力。然而，傳統的終端通信天線主 要基於電單極子或偶極子的縣雜進行設計，比如最常用的 平面反F天線(PIFA)。舰天線的娜玉側率直接和天線的 尺寸正糊’帶寬和天線的面積正_，使得天_設計通常 ^半波長的物理長度。在—些更爲複雜的電子系統中，天線 ，要多模功’就需要在饋人天猶額外的阻抗匹配網絡設 計。但阻抗眺鱗額外的增加了電子纽_線設計、增大 了射頻系統的面積同時匹配網絡還引人了不少的能量損耗，很 難，足低魏的系統設計要求。因此，小型化、多模式的新型 天、、技術成爲了當代電子集成系_—個重要技纖頸。 【發明内容】 多模本解決的技術問題在於’針對現有技術的上述寬帶 頻天線。 作辭、綿射效率等缺陷，提供一種射 =發_決其技蝴題所採㈣技術方案是··構造一種 個抑4α射頻天線包括乡面縣構和畴在乡面體結構上的多 料射頻场單元，每個超材料賴天線單 = 上形成有微槽H饋線通雜合方式饋人金屬片，且金屬片 每-個超材料射頻天線單元設置在多面體結構的 體結t步地’多面體結構爲四面體結構、六面體結構或八面 201244251 進-步地，金屬片爲鋼片或銀片。 進一步地，微槽結構通過餘刻 刻或離子刻形成。 冑鑛、鑽刻、先刻、電子 進一步地，超材料射頻天線單元包括附著介質，w荖八皙 ，面體結構的表面上，且金屬片和== 乙烯2板步地附者介質爲喊基板、魏_基板或聚四氟 °構包括第—簡轉和第二微槽結構， 且第微歡構和第二微構爲麵稱設置。 一每個超材料射頻天線單元的饋線相互連接，並 一起連接到基帶信號處理器上。 進-步地，微機構歧補式開口譜振環結構、互補式螺 =結構、開Π螺旋環結構、雙開σ螺旋環結構以及互補式彎 m r種，或者是通過前面五種結構的其中-種結構 /了、中嫌结構複合或其中—種結構組陣得到的結構。 2明採用的另-個技術方案是：提供一種射頻天線，射 ^天線i括多面體結構和附著在多面體結構上的多個超材料 ，頻天線單元，錄賭料㈣天線單元設置衫面體結構的 母-個侧面上，每個超材料射頻天線單a包括設置於多面體社 構表面上的附著介質、設置於附著介質上的饋線和金屬片^ 線通過耗合方式饋入所述金屬片，且金屬片上形成有微槽结 構。 。 進一步地’多面體結構爲四面體結構、六面體結構或八面 201244251 體結構。 進一步地，金屬片爲銅片或銀片。 刻或成微觀構魏綱、魏、綱、光刻、電子 αΐΓ步地’附著介質爲喊基板、環氧樹絲板或聚四氟 乙歸基板。 且第進;槽結構包括第一微槽結構和S二微槽結構， 且第-微槽結構和第二微槽結構爲非對稱設置。 一起輪峨相互連接，並 種:構:是二過前面五種結構的其中-種結構 根據本二:=::二陣置=結構。 個側面上心 的方向性特徵頻天線單元 號覆蓋，能够較大提高射頻天線的整；;^空間較好的信 【實施方式】 如圖1所示，根據本發明的射頻天線 面體結構2〇1和附著在 沾。、頻天線包括多 單元100。其中，多㈣㈣體、、，構上的多個超材料射頻天線 夕面體結構201的材料可以是陶宪、= 201244251 月日基板或聚四氟乙烯，且多面體結構2〇1可以 以是實體結構。 構也可 請結合圖2所示’爲本發明的超材料射頻天線單 實施方式_構示意圖。本實施对巾，超材 二包括附著介質！、設置在附著介質1上的金屬片 =屬片4谷性輕合的饋線2，所述金屬片4上形成有微槽結構 超材料射頻天線單元100具有結構簡單，製造加工難 的特點。優選地’多個超材料射頻天線單元丨⑽ ς辦 結構201的每-個側面上。 ^面體 多面體結構201可以是四面體結構、六面體結構或八面體 結構L多面體結才冓201的每一個側面至少具有一個超材料射頻 天線單it 100。每购材料射頻天線單元丨⑻的饋線相互連 接’並一起連接到基帶信號處理器(圖未示)上。 本實施方式中’通過對金屬片4進行_、魏、鑽刻、 光刻、電子刻或離子刻處理形成微槽結構41。 本實施方式中，附著介質1爲陶竟基板、環氧樹脂基板或 聚四氟乙烯基板。 本實施方式中，金屬片4爲銅片或銀片。優選爲銅片，價 格低廉，導電性能好。 、 本實施方式中，饋線2選用與金屬片4同樣的材料製成， 優選爲鋼。 如圖3所示’爲本發明的超材料射頻天線單元的第二實施 方式的結構不意圖。本實施方式中，超材料射頻天線單元1〇〇 7 201244251 =括附者，，質1、設置在附著介f !上的金屬4 4 片4容性耦合的饋線2，所述金屬片4上形 及。金屬 微槽結構41及第二微槽結構42。 滅有非對稱的第- ^中’上文所說的“非對稱的第—微槽結㈣ 槽結構42是指，第一微槽 j 一微 := 稱結構。換句話說，即在第=二兩: j結構42所附著的表面找不到—根對稱軸，使得第 結構41與第二微槽結構42相對該對稱轴對稱設置。第曰 本實施方式中，由於第-微槽結構W與 ，非_’因㈣個位置上的電容與電感會有所不H4而2 產生至少_不_諧振點，而且雜點不易 現天線豐富的多模化。 』於貫 、本發明的第-微槽結構^與第二微槽結構42騎構形式 可以-樣’也可以不-樣。並且第_微槽結構41與第二微槽 結構42的非對稱程度可以根據冑要調節。從而實現豐富的可 調節的多模諧振。 本實施方式中，微槽結構41，42通過蝕刻、電鍍、鑽刻、 光刻、電子刻或離子刻形成。 本實施方式中’附著介質】爲陶究絲、環氧樹脂基板或 聚四氟乙烯基板。 本實施方式中，金屬片4爲鋼片或銀片。優選爲銅片，價 格低廉，導電性能好。 本實施方式中，饋線2選用與金屬片4同樣的材料製成， 優選爲銅。201244251 VI. Description of the Invention: TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the field of communications. More specifically, it relates to a radio frequency antenna. [Prior Art] With the rapid development of semiconductor processes, there is an increasing demand for the integration of electronic systems today, and the miniaturization of devices has become a technical issue of great concern to the entire industry. However, unlike the ic chip, which follows the "Moore's Law, the development, as another important component of the electronic system - the RF module" faces the difficult technical challenge of miniaturization of the device. The RF module mainly includes mixing, power amplifier, filtering, Main components such as RF signal transmission, matching network and antenna. Among them, the antenna as the radiating unit and receiving device of the final RF signal will directly affect the working performance of the whole electronic system. However, the antenna size, bandwidth, gain and other important indicators. However, it is limited by the basic physical principles (gain limit at fixed size, bandwidth limit, etc.). The basic principle of these index limits makes the antenna miniaturization technically far more difficult than other devices, and the electromagnetic field analysis of RF devices is complicated. Sexuality, approaching these limits has become a huge technical challenge. At the same time, with the complexity of modern electronic systems, the demand for multi-mode services has become a reality in wireless overnight, wireless access, satellite communications, wireless data networks and other systems. More and more important. The demand for multi-mode services The step increases the complexity of the multi-mode design of the miniaturized antenna. In addition to the technical challenge of miniaturization, multi-mode impedance matching of the antenna also becomes a bottleneck of the antenna technology. On the other hand, the multi-input multi-output system (ΜΙΜΟ) is in wireless communication. The rapid development of the wireless data service field further requires the miniaturization of the antenna size while ensuring good isolation 201244251 degrees, radiation performance and anti-interference ability. However, the traditional terminal communication antenna is mainly based on electric monopole or The dipoles are designed for the county, such as the most commonly used planar anti-F antenna (PIFA). The Nass side rate of the ship antenna is directly proportional to the size of the antenna, and the bandwidth and the area of the antenna are positive, making the day_design usually half. The physical length of the wavelength. In some of the more complex electronic systems, the antenna, to multi-mode work, requires an additional impedance matching network design in the feed. But the impedance scale adds an additional electronic ray design. Increasing the area of the RF system and matching the network also attracts a lot of energy loss, which is difficult, and the design requirements of the system are low. Therefore, The new type of technology, multi-mode, and technology has become a contemporary electronic integration system _- an important technical neck. [Summary] The technical problem of multi-mode solution lies in the above-mentioned broadband antenna for the prior art. Defects such as the efficiency of shooting, providing a kind of shooting = hair _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Unit, each supermaterial Lai antenna single = micro-groove H feeder is formed on the hybrid mode to feed the metal piece, and the metal piece per metamaterial RF antenna unit is arranged in the polyhedral structure t-step 'polyhedral structure For the tetrahedral structure, the hexahedral structure or the eight-sided 201244251, the metal sheet is a steel sheet or a silver sheet. Further, the micro-groove structure is formed by engraving or ion etching. Further, the metamaterial RF antenna unit comprises an attachment medium, a surface of the planar structure, and the metal piece and the == ethylene 2 plate step attachment medium are shouting substrates, Wei_substrate or polytetrafluoroethylene. °Construction The first - and second micro switch Brief slot structure, and the first micro-structure and the second micro-Huan configuration settings to said surface. The feed lines of each of the metamaterial RF antenna elements are connected to each other and to the baseband signal processor. Step-by-step, micro-mechanism-complementary open-spectrum ring structure, complementary screw=structure, open-helical spiral ring structure, double-opened σ-helical ring structure, and complementary curved mr species, or through the first five structures - The structure of the structure, the structure of the structure or the structure of the structure. 2 Another technical solution adopted is to provide a radio frequency antenna, the antenna ^ includes a polyhedral structure and a plurality of metamaterials attached to the polyhedral structure, the frequency antenna unit, and the recording material (4) the antenna unit to set the jersey structure On the female side, each of the metamaterial RF antennas a includes an attachment medium disposed on the surface of the polyhedron, a feed line disposed on the attachment medium, and a metal sheet fed into the metal sheet by means of a consuming manner. And a microgroove structure is formed on the metal piece. . Further, the polyhedral structure is a tetrahedral structure, a hexahedral structure or an eight-sided 201244251 bulk structure. Further, the metal piece is a copper piece or a silver piece. Engraved or microscopically constructed Wei Gang, Wei, Gang, lithography, and electrons. The attached medium is a substrate, an epoxy tree board, or a polytetrafluoroethylene substrate. And the first groove; the groove structure comprises a first micro groove structure and an S two micro groove structure, and the first micro groove structure and the second micro groove structure are asymmetrically arranged. The rims are connected to each other, and the species: structure: is one of the two structures of the first five structures. According to the second: =:: two arrays = structure. The directional characteristic frequency antenna unit number of the upper side of the heart is covered, and the whole of the radio frequency antenna can be greatly improved; and the space is better. [Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 1, the radio frequency antenna body structure 2 according to the present invention 〇 1 and attached to the dip. The frequency antenna includes a plurality of units 100. Wherein, the material of the plurality of (four) (four) bodies, and the plurality of metamaterial RF antenna antenna structures 201 may be Tao Xian, = 201244251, a substrate or a polytetrafluoroethylene, and the polyhedral structure 2〇1 may be an entity. structure. Alternatively, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of a super-material radio frequency antenna according to the present invention. This implementation of the towel, super material 2 includes the attachment medium! The metal piece disposed on the attachment medium 1 is a feed line 2 which is lightly coupled to the sheet 4, and the micro-groove structure is formed on the metal piece 4. The super-material RF antenna unit 100 has the characteristics of simple structure and difficulty in manufacturing and processing. Preferably, a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna elements (10) are disposed on each side of the structure 201. The facet polyhedral structure 201 may be a tetrahedral structure, a hexahedron structure or an octahedron structure. Each of the sides of the polyhedron structure 201 has at least one metamaterial RF antenna single it 100. The feeders of the RF antenna unit 丨(8) of each purchased material are connected to each other' and are connected together to a baseband signal processor (not shown). In the present embodiment, the microgroove structure 41 is formed by performing _, Wei, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching on the metal piece 4. In the present embodiment, the adhering medium 1 is a ceramic substrate, an epoxy resin substrate or a polytetrafluoroethylene plate. In the present embodiment, the metal piece 4 is a copper piece or a silver piece. It is preferably a copper sheet, which is inexpensive and has good electrical conductivity. In the present embodiment, the feeder 2 is made of the same material as the metal piece 4, preferably steel. The structure of the second embodiment of the metamaterial radio frequency antenna unit of the present invention is not shown in Fig. 3. In the present embodiment, the metamaterial RF antenna unit 1〇〇7 201244251=includes, the mass 1, the metal 4 4 piece 4 capacitively coupled feed line 2 disposed on the attachment f! Shape and. Metal microgroove structure 41 and second microgroove structure 42. The asymmetry of the first-micro-slot (four) groove structure 42 refers to the first micro-slot j: a micro: = structure. In other words, in the first = two two: the surface to which the j structure 42 is attached cannot be found - the root symmetry axis, so that the first structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetry axis. In the present embodiment, the first micro groove structure W and, _ _ because the capacitance and inductance at (four) positions will not be H4 and 2 will produce at least _ no _ resonance point, and the noise is not easy to be multi-mode antenna rich. 『 于, the present invention - the microgroove structure ^ and the second microgroove structure 42 may or may not be in a riding configuration, and the degree of asymmetry of the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 may be adjusted according to the main. In this embodiment, the micro-groove structures 41, 42 are formed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching. In the present embodiment, the "adhesive medium" is a ceramics. Wire, epoxy substrate or polytetrafluoroethylene plate. In the present embodiment, the metal piece 4 is steel Or silver sheet and preferably copper, low price, good conductivity. In the present embodiment, the feeder 2 made of the same material and the metal sheet 4 selected, preferably copper.
S 8 201244251 此外’本發财的微槽結構4i，4 補式開口諧振環結構、圖5 : 互 所千μ以冓 所示的朗σ螺旋環結構、圖s 的其尹一種尹槿夂 種或者疋通過前面五種結構 、 …/Τ生、八尹多種結構複合或苴中一播Α 得到的微槽結構。 飞八τ種結構組陣 ，中’何生分爲兩種，一種是幾 展衍生，此處的幾衍裉灿介*θ此， j土乃種疋擴 μ 狀生疋指功能類似、形狀不同的钟槿 甘丁歹'方框類結構衍生到曲線類結 2同的多邊形類結構;此處的擴展上在角二類= ^礎=騎__觸的微聽構； ===:=爲其幾何一意“ ，處的複合是指’圖4至圖8的微槽結構多個叠加形成一 口諧振爲三個圖4所示的互補式開 4所八的二複5後的結構不意圖；如圖12所示，爲兩個圖 構共"11複人後結構與圖5所示爲互補式螺旋線結 此處的組陣是指由多個圖4至圖S所示的微槽結構在同— /屬片上陣列形成一個整體的微槽結構，如圖13所示，爲多 固如圖4所示的互補式開口諧振環結構組陣後的結構示意圖。 姓圖2和圖3所示的實施方式中均以圖6所示的開口螺旋環 、’、Q構爲例闡述本發明。 圖2-圖3中，金屬片4上晝剖面線的部分爲金屬部分，S 8 201244251 In addition, the 'micro-slot structure 4i, 4 complementary open-resonant ring structure of the present wealth, Fig. 5: the σ 螺旋 spiral ring structure shown by 互 千 μ 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 槿夂The micro-groove structure obtained by the first five structures, .../Τ, 八 多种 multiple structural composites or 苴 一. In the structure of the flying eight τ kinds of structures, there are two kinds of He's life, one is a few exhibitions, and the other ones here are 介 * θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ θ The different box-like structures of the bells and sylvestris are derived from the same polygon-like structure of the curve-like knot; the extension here is in the second class of the angle = ^ foundation = riding __ touch of the micro-hearing; ===: = for its geometric meaning, "composite at the point refers to the structure of the micro-groove structure of Figure 4 to Figure 8 superimposed to form a resonance of three complexes of three complementary forms of Figure 4 shown in Figure 4 Intention; as shown in FIG. 12, the structure of the two figures is a combination of the structure of the human body and the structure of the complementary spiral line shown in FIG. 5, wherein the array is represented by a plurality of FIG. 4 to FIG. The microgroove structure forms an integral microgroove structure on the same/on-chip array, as shown in Fig. 13, which is a structural diagram of the multi-solid complementary open resonant ring structure array shown in Fig. 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the present invention is described by taking the open spiral ring, ', Q structure shown in FIG. 6 as an example. In FIG. 2 to FIG. 3, the portion of the metal sheet 4 on which the cross-section line is the metal portion is a metal portion. ,
S 9 201244251 金屬片4上的空白部分（鏤空 外，饋線也用剖面線表示。 ）表示微槽結構41。另 在圖2及圖3中，館繞2 a 合。另外金屬片4與饋線2I4設置以實現信號輕 片4與饋線2接觸時，饋線2與，可以不接觸。當金屬 ^屬片4與饋線2不接觸時，饋線2斑金;當 合。 一金屬片4之間為容性耦 當然’在本發日㈣其他實施 可以是省麵著介f雜設置在乡 構 ^饋線2 利於節省成本。 m駄構2〇1的側面上，有 儘管上文藉由較佳實施例揭 本發明。本領域熟知此項技藝者可在不脫離本限制 圍的情況下進行一些潤飾及變化。因而，本發a;的保心= 入所附的申請專利範圍内。 範圍落 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲本發明射頻天線的結構示意圖； 圖2爲第種开》式的超材料射頻天線單元的結構示意圖； 圖3爲第二_式的超㈣射頻天線單摘結構示意圖； 圖4爲互補式開口諧振環結構的示意圖； 圖5所示爲互補式螺旋線結構的示意圖； 圖6所示爲開口螺旋環結構的示意圖； 圖7所示爲雙開口螺旋環結構的示意圖； 圖8所示爲互補式彎折線結構的示意圖； 201244251 示意：爲圖4所不的互補式開。諧振環結構其幾何形狀衍生咖魏蝴編衍生示 意圖 圖U爲二個圖4所示的互站π 的結構示意圖； 式開口#振環結構的複合後 示爲^如旋，環結構與圖5所 細個圖4所示的互補式開口譜振環結構組陣後的 圖13 結構示意圖 【主要元件符號說明】 1 :附著介質 2 :饋線 4 :金屬片 41 :第一微槽結構 42 .第一微槽結構 100 :超材料射頻天線單元 201 :多面體結構S 9 201244251 A blank portion on the metal sheet 4 (the feeder is also indicated by a hatching line). The microgroove structure 41 is shown. In addition, in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the hall is wound around 2 a. Further, when the metal piece 4 and the feed line 2I4 are disposed to realize that the signal light piece 4 is in contact with the feed line 2, the feed line 2 and may not be in contact. When the metal piece 4 is not in contact with the feed line 2, the feed line 2 is spotted with gold; A metal sheet 4 is capacitively coupled. Of course, other implementations in this day (fourth) may be provided in the same way as the township ^ feeder 2 to save costs. On the side of the m駄2〇1, the invention has been disclosed above by way of a preferred embodiment. Those skilled in the art will be able to make some modifications and variations without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the security of the present invention is within the scope of the attached patent application. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a radio frequency antenna according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a super-material radio frequency antenna unit of the first type; FIG. 3 is a super (four) radio frequency antenna single of the second type Figure 4 is a schematic view of a complementary open resonant ring structure; Figure 5 is a schematic view of a complementary helical structure; Figure 6 is a schematic view of an open spiral ring structure; Figure 7 is a double-open spiral ring Schematic diagram of the structure; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the complementary bending line structure; 201244251 shows: the complementary opening of Figure 4. The geometry of the resonant ring structure is derived from the schematic diagram of the derivative of the Wei Wei butterfly. The U is the structural diagram of the mutual station π shown in Figure 4. The composite of the ring # vibration ring structure is shown as ^, the ring structure and Figure 5 Figure 13 is a schematic view of the structure of the complementary open-spectrum ring structure shown in Figure 4 [Main component symbol description] 1 : Attachment medium 2: Feeder 4: Metal piece 41: First micro-slot structure 42. A micro-slot structure 100: a metamaterial RF antenna unit 201: a polyhedral structure