TWI511373B - Radio frequency antenna - Google Patents

Description

Radio frequency antenna

The present invention relates to the field of communications, and more particularly to a radio frequency antenna.

With the rapid development of semiconductor manufacturing, higher and higher requirements have been placed on the integration of electronic systems today, and the miniaturization of devices has become a technical issue of great concern to the entire industry. However, unlike IC chips that follow the development of Moore's Law, as an important component of electronic systems - RF modules, they face the difficult technical challenges of device miniaturization. The RF module mainly includes main components such as mixing, power amplifier, filtering, RF signal transmission, matching network and antenna. Among them, the antenna acts as the radiating unit and receiving device of the final RF signal, and its working characteristics will directly affect the working performance of the entire electronic system. However, important dimensions such as antenna size, bandwidth, and gain are limited by basic physical principles (gain limit, bandwidth limit, etc. at fixed size). The basic principle of the limits of these indicators makes the antenna miniaturization technology far more difficult than other devices, and due to the complexity of the electromagnetic field analysis of RF devices, approaching these limits has become a huge technical challenge.

At the same time, with the complication of modern electronic systems, the demand for multi-mode services is becoming more and more important in systems such as wireless communication, wireless access, satellite communications, and wireless data networks. The demand for multimode services further increases the complexity of miniaturized antenna multimode designs. In addition to the technical challenges of miniaturization, multimode impedance matching of antennas has become a bottleneck in antenna technology. On the other hand, the rapid development of multi-input and multi-output systems (MIMO) in the field of wireless communication and wireless data services has further demanded the miniaturization of antenna sizes while ensuring good isolation. Degree, radiation performance and anti-interference ability. However, conventional terminal communication antennas are mainly designed based on the radiation principle of electric monopoles or dipoles, such as the most commonly used planar anti-F antenna (PIFA). The radiated operating frequency of a conventional antenna is directly related to the size of the antenna, and the bandwidth is positively correlated with the area of the antenna, so that the design of the antenna usually requires a physical length of half a wavelength. In some more complex electronic systems, where the antenna requires multimode operation, additional impedance matching network design is required before feeding the antenna. However, the impedance matching network additionally increases the feeder design of the electronic system, increases the area of the RF system, and introduces a lot of energy loss in the matching network, which is difficult to meet the system design requirements of low power consumption. Therefore, the miniaturized, multi-mode new antenna technology has become an important technical bottleneck of contemporary electronic integrated systems.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an RF antenna for the above-mentioned defects of the broadband multimode, small volume, low operating frequency, high radiation efficiency and the like in the prior art.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to construct an RF antenna, which comprises a polyhedral structure and a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units attached to the polyhedral structure, each of the metamaterial RF antenna units including an attachment medium and a feeder And a metal piece, the feed line is fed into the metal piece by coupling, and the metal piece is formed with a micro groove structure, the micro groove structure includes a first micro groove structure and a second micro groove structure, and the first micro groove structure and the The second micro-slot structure is asymmetrically arranged such that the capacitance and inductance at the two locations are different, thereby generating at least two different resonance points, and the resonance points are not easily offset, so as to facilitate the antenna multi-mode, Wherein the junction of the first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure The structure is the same.

Further, a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units are disposed on each side of the polyhedral structure.

Further, the polyhedral structure is a tetrahedral structure, a hexahedral structure or an octahedral structure.

Further, the metal piece is a copper piece or a silver piece.

Further, the microgroove structure is formed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching.

Further, the metamaterial radio frequency antenna unit includes an attachment medium disposed on a surface of the polyhedral structure, and the metal piece and the feed line are disposed on the attachment medium.

Further, the adhesion medium is a ceramic substrate, an epoxy substrate or a polytetrafluoroethylene plate.

Further, the feed lines of each metamaterial RF antenna unit are connected to each other and connected together to the baseband signal processor.

Further, the microgroove structure is one of a complementary open resonant ring structure, a complementary spiral structure, an open spiral ring structure, a double open spiral ring structure, and a complementary bent line structure, or one of the first five structures. A structure derived from a structure in which a plurality of structural composites or one of the structural arrays is obtained.

Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an RF antenna including a polyhedral structure and a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units attached to the polyhedral structure, and a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units are disposed on each side of the polyhedral structure. Each of the metamaterial RF antenna units includes an attachment medium disposed on a surface of the polyhedral structure, a feeder line and a metal piece disposed on the attachment medium, and feeding The wire is fed into the metal piece by coupling, and the metal piece is formed with a micro groove structure, the micro groove structure includes a first micro groove structure and a second micro groove structure, and the first micro groove structure and the first The two micro-slot structures are asymmetrically arranged, so that the capacitances and inductances at the two positions are different, thereby generating at least two different resonance points, and the resonance points are not easily offset, so as to facilitate the antenna multi-modulation, wherein The first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure have the same structural form.

Further, the polyhedral structure is a tetrahedral structure, a hexahedral structure or an octahedral structure.

Further, the metal piece is a copper piece or a silver piece.

Further, the microgroove structure is formed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching.

Further, the adhesion medium is a ceramic substrate, an epoxy substrate or a polytetrafluoroethylene plate.

Further, the feed lines of each metamaterial RF antenna unit are connected to each other and connected together to the baseband signal processor.

Further, the microgroove structure is one of a complementary open resonant ring structure, a complementary spiral structure, an open spiral ring structure, a double open spiral ring structure, and a complementary bent line structure, or one of the first five structures. A structure derived from a structure in which a plurality of structural composites or one of the structural arrays is obtained.

According to the radio frequency antenna of the present invention, a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units are disposed on the side of the polyhedron, so that the metamaterial RF antenna unit on each side of the polyhedron can independently cover a specific area, and the directional characteristics of each super material RF antenna unit are designed. , gain, etc., can achieve better signal coverage in a certain space or in the whole space, and can greatly improve the overall radiation efficiency of the RF antenna.

As shown in FIG. 1, a radio frequency antenna according to the present invention includes a polyhedral structure 201 and a plurality of metamaterial radio frequency antenna units 100 attached to the polyhedral structure. The material of the polyhedral structure 201 may be ceramic, epoxy substrate or polytetrafluoroethylene, and the polyhedral structure 201 may be a hollow structure or a solid structure.

Please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a metamaterial radio frequency antenna unit of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the metamaterial radio frequency antenna unit 100 includes an attachment medium 1, a metal piece 4 disposed on the attachment medium 1, and a feed line 2 capacitively coupled to the metal piece 4, and the metal piece 4 is formed with a microgroove structure 41. .

The metamaterial RF antenna unit 100 has the characteristics of simple structure and low manufacturing difficulty. Preferably, a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units 100 are disposed on each side of the polyhedral structure 201.

The polyhedral structure 201 may be a tetrahedral structure, a hexahedral structure, or an octahedral structure. Each side of the polyhedral structure 201 has at least one metamaterial RF antenna unit 100. The feed lines of each metamaterial RF antenna unit 100 are connected to each other and connected together to a baseband signal processor (not shown).

In the present embodiment, the microgroove structure 41 is formed by etching, plating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching of the metal piece 4.

In the present embodiment, the adhesion medium 1 is a ceramic substrate, an epoxy resin substrate, or a polytetrafluoroethylene plate.

In the present embodiment, the metal piece 4 is a copper piece or a silver piece. Preferred is copper sheet, price Low cost and good electrical conductivity.

In the present embodiment, the feed line 2 is made of the same material as the metal piece 4, preferably copper.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a metamaterial radio frequency antenna unit according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, the metamaterial radio frequency antenna unit 100 includes an adhesion medium 1, a metal piece 4 disposed on the adhesion medium 1, and a feed line 2 capacitively coupled to the metal piece 4, and the metal piece 4 is formed with an asymmetric first A microgroove structure 41 and a second microgroove structure 42.

Here, the "asymmetric first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42" as described above mean that neither the first microgroove structure 41 nor the second microgroove structure 42 constitute an axisymmetric structure. In other words, no symmetry axis is found on the surface to which the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are attached, so that the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are symmetric with respect to the symmetry axis. Settings.

In this embodiment, since the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 are asymmetric in structure, the capacitance and the inductance at the two locations are different, thereby generating at least two different resonance points, and the resonance point. It is not easy to cancel, which is conducive to the rich multi-mode of the antenna.

The first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 of the present invention may have the same structural form or may be different. And the degree of asymmetry of the first microgroove structure 41 and the second microgroove structure 42 can be adjusted as needed. This enables a rich, adjustable multimode resonance.

In the present embodiment, the microgroove structures 41, 42 are formed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching.

In the embodiment, the adhesion medium 1 is a ceramic substrate, an epoxy substrate, or Polytetrafluoroethylene plate.

In the present embodiment, the metal piece 4 is a copper piece or a silver piece. It is preferably a copper sheet, which is inexpensive and has good electrical conductivity.

In the present embodiment, the feed line 2 is made of the same material as the metal piece 4, preferably copper.

In addition, the microgroove structures 41, 42 in the present invention may be the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 4, the complementary spiral structure shown in FIG. 5, the open spiral ring structure shown in FIG. 6, and FIG. One of the two-opening spiral ring structure shown in FIG. 8 or one of the complementary bent line structures shown in FIG. 8 or a micro-groove structure obtained by one of the first five structures, wherein a plurality of structural composites or one of the structural arrays is obtained. .

Among them, there are two kinds of derivation, one is geometric shape derivation, and the other is extended derivation. Here, geometric derivation refers to structural derivation with similar functions and different shapes, for example, derived from a box structure to a curve structure, a triangle. Class structure and other different polygon-like structures; the extended derivative here is to open a new groove on the basis of FIG. 4 to FIG. 8 to form a new micro-groove structure; the complementary open-resonance ring structure shown in FIG. 4 is For example, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of its geometry derivation, and FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of its extended derivation.

The composite here means that the microgroove structures of FIGS. 4 to 8 are superposed to form a new microgroove structure, as shown in FIG. 11, which is a composite of the three complementary open resonant ring structures shown in FIG. Schematic diagram of the structure; as shown in FIG. 12, it is a structural schematic diagram of the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 4 and the complementary spiral structure shown in FIG.

The array here means that the microgroove structures shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 8 are in the same The array on the metal sheet forms an integral microgroove structure, as shown in FIG. 13, which is a structural schematic diagram of a plurality of complementary open resonant ring structure arrays as shown in FIG.

Both of the embodiments shown in Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate the present invention by taking the open spiral ring structure shown in Fig. 6 as an example.

In Figs. 2 to 3, the portion on which the hatching is drawn on the metal piece 4 is a metal portion, and the blank portion (the hollow portion) on the metal piece 4 indicates the microgroove structure 41. In addition, the feeder line is also indicated by a hatching.

In Figures 2 and 3, the feed line 2 is placed around the metal sheet 4 to effect signal coupling. In addition, the metal piece 4 may or may not be in contact with the feed line 2. When the metal piece 4 is in contact with the feed line 2, the feed line 2 and the metal piece 4 are inductively coupled; when the metal piece 4 is not in contact with the feed line 2, the feed line 2 and the metal piece 4 are capacitively coupled.

Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the metal piece 4 and the feed line 2 may be disposed directly on the side of the polyhedral structure 201 without the attachment medium, which is advantageous in cost saving.

Although the invention has been disclosed above by way of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to make some modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

1‧‧‧ Attachment medium

2‧‧‧ feeder

4‧‧‧metal pieces

41‧‧‧First microgroove structure

42‧‧‧Second microgroove structure

100‧‧‧Supermaterial RF antenna unit

201‧‧‧ Polyhedral structure

1 is a schematic structural view of a radio frequency antenna according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a first form of a super material radio frequency antenna unit; and FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second form of a super material radio frequency antenna unit; 4 is a schematic view of a complementary open resonant ring structure; FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a complementary spiral structure; FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an open spiral ring structure; FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a double open spiral ring structure; 8 is a schematic view showing a complementary bending line structure; FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the geometrical derivative of the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 4; FIG. 10 is an expanded derivative of the complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a composite open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 4; FIG. 12 is a complementary open resonant ring structure shown in FIG. 4 and a complementary spiral shown in FIG. A composite schematic diagram of a line structure; FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of four complementary open resonant ring structure arrays shown in FIG.

2‧‧‧ feeder

4‧‧‧metal pieces

100‧‧‧Supermaterial RF antenna unit

201‧‧‧ Polyhedral structure

Claims (16)

An RF antenna, wherein the RF antenna comprises a polyhedral structure and a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units attached to the polyhedral structure, each of the metamaterial RF antenna units comprising a feed line and a metal piece, the feed line being fed into the coupling a metal piece, and a microgroove structure is formed on the metal piece, the micro groove structure includes a first micro groove structure and a second micro groove structure, and the first micro groove structure and the second micro groove structure are The asymmetry is set such that the capacitances and inductances at the two locations are different, thereby generating at least two different resonance points, and the resonance points are not easily offset, so as to facilitate the antenna multi-mode, wherein the first micro The groove structure is the same as that of the second microgroove structure. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of metamaterial radio frequency antenna units are disposed on each side of the polyhedral structure. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 2, wherein the polyhedral structure is a tetrahedral structure, a hexahedral structure or an octahedral structure. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metal piece is a copper piece or a silver piece. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the microgroove structure is formed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the metamaterial radio frequency antenna unit comprises an attachment medium, the attachment medium is disposed on a surface of the polyhedral structure, and the metal piece and the feeder line are disposed. On the attachment medium. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 6, wherein the attachment medium is a ceramic substrate, an epoxy substrate or a polytetrafluoroethylene plate. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the feed lines of each of the metamaterial RF antenna units are connected to each other and connected to the baseband signal processor. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 1, wherein the microgroove structure is a complementary open resonant ring structure, a complementary spiral structure, an open spiral ring structure, a double open spiral ring structure, and a complementary bent line structure. One of them, or a structure obtained by one of the first five structures, a plurality of structural composites or one of the structural arrays. An RF antenna, wherein the RF antenna comprises a polyhedral structure and a plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units attached to the polyhedral structure, the plurality of metamaterial RF antenna units being disposed on each side of the polyhedral structure, each of the The super material radio frequency antenna unit includes an adhesion medium disposed on a surface of the polyhedral structure, a feed line disposed on the adhesion medium, and a metal piece, and the feed line is fed into the metal piece by coupling, and the metal piece is Forming a microgroove structure comprising a first microgroove structure and a second microgroove structure, and the first microgroove structure and the second microgroove structure are asymmetrically disposed such that the two locations are The capacitance is different from the inductance, thereby generating at least two different resonance points, and the resonance point is not easy to cancel, so as to facilitate rich multi-modeization of the antenna, wherein the first micro-slot structure and the second micro-slot The structure of the structure is the same. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 10, wherein the polyhedral structure is a tetrahedral structure, a hexahedral structure or an octahedral structure. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 10, wherein the metal piece is a copper piece or a silver piece. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 10, wherein the microgroove structure is formed by etching, electroplating, drilling, photolithography, electron engraving or ion etching. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 10, wherein the attachment medium is a ceramic substrate, an epoxy substrate or a polytetrafluoroethylene plate. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 10, wherein the feed lines of each of the metamaterial RF antenna units are connected to each other and connected to the baseband signal processor. The radio frequency antenna according to claim 10, wherein the microgroove structure is a complementary open resonant ring structure, a complementary spiral structure, an open spiral ring structure, a double open spiral ring structure, and a complementary bent line structure. One of them, or a structure obtained by one of the first five structures, a plurality of structural composites or one of the structural arrays.