201238810 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 特別是關於具備耐熱底之 本發明，係關於鐵道車輛 鐡道車輛。 【先前技術】 對鐵道車輛之底部，因考慮到底部下之 既定之耐難（耐火性）。❹，料耐錢格之…有2 規格 ASTM( American Standard Test Method)E-l 19。 E U 9中設有數個規定，如對測試體（底部）從下面 續加熱既定時間，在上面之溫度上昇仍須在一定以下等： 考慮了上述規格之鐡道車輛之底部構造，例如已在專利文 獻1提案。亦即’記載於專利讀！之底部構造，係由上 層 '中層 '下層構成’於下層與中層之間設有斷熱材之層。 根據上述底部構造，由於設有斷熱材之層，因此能提高底 部之斷熱效果（參照專利文獻1《2頁左下攔之第六行以 後）。 通常，若增大斷熱層之厚度，即能使耐熱性提高。然 而若使斷熱層過厚，則底部下之空間即變窄，亦產生無 法確保底部下之用以配置纜線或機器等之空間之情形。因 此專利文獻2 ’提出了一種線性馬達車輛之底部構造，其 目的在不壓迫配置於底部下之機器等之配設空間之情況下 使之具有與以往相同之耐火機能。此底部構造，係配置成 板狀之膨脹型斷熱材覆蓋底板之下面，且配置成覆蓋側 201238810 才梁檢標及中樑之各表面。（例如參照專利文獻2之圖4 )。 上述膨脹型斷熱材，由於係因火的熱膨脹而形成斷熱層， 可，制：板上面之溫度上昇’且與習知板狀之斷熱材相較 板厚較薄’目此無壓迫纜線等之配置空間之情_(參照專 利文獻2之段落〇 〇 1 6 )。 [專利文獻] [專利文獻丨]日本特開昭62 — 1 8925 1號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2009 — 196531號公報 【發明内容】 專利文獻1之底部構造，有雖能提高底部之斷熱效果 ㈣造複雜，且採用了該底部構造之車輛之重量增大之問 題。進而，若採用該底部構造’由於底部之厚度增大，因 此有在底部下之纜線等之配設空間被壓迫的問題。 寻丨』文獻2之底部構造，有雖可抑制缓線等之配 設空間被壓迫但無法得到充㈣熱性能之問題。亦即，在 專利文獻2使用之膨脹型斷熱材，由於係轉脹而形成斷 熱層為主要目的，因此不但吸熱量較小，且從較低溫度之 100〜15〇t開始膨脹即快速結束膨M。因此，專利文獻2之 底部構造中，有在溫度逐漸上升之過程中無法充分吸收熱 而無法得到充分之耐熱性能之問題產生。 因此’本發明之目的在於福供呈供雜θ 杜尽従仏具備簡易構造且具備高 耐熱性之耐熱底之鐡道車輛。 本發明之某形態之具備耐熱底之鐵道車輛，其具有. 201238810 底板；設於前述底板之下方，吸收熱之吸熱層；以及從下 方支撐前述吸熱層之支樓板；前述支揮板&含：接觸前述 吸熱層之接觸部；以及從前述接觸部於車輛寬度方向連續 形成，相對前述吸熱層往下方分離且延伸於車輛長度方向 之刀離π。藉由此種構成，在從耐熱底之下面被施加熱時， 吸熱層中接觸支樓板之部分係在較早之階段開始吸收熱， 從支撐板分離之部分則在較晚之階段開始吸收熱。如此， 藉由依照吸熱層之各部分錯開吸熱之開始時間，而能於吸 熱層整體於長時間持續吸收熱。 Μ本發明’能提供具備簡易構造且具備高耐熱性之 耐熱底之鐡道車輛。 【實施方式】 以下，參照圖說明本發明之鐵道車輛之耐熱底之實施 形態。以下中，對所有圖面中相同或相當之要素賦予相同 符號，省略重複之說明。 (第1實施形態） 首先’參照圖i至圖4’說明本發明之第1實施形態之 鐵道車輛1〇〇。圖i，係'本實施形態之鐵道車輛谓所具備 之耐熱底1〇之剖面立體圖。此外，從圖^之紙面前側(表示 剖面之側）朝往深側之方向係鐵道車輛1〇〇之長度方向。以 下’將鐵道車輛100之長度方向簡稱為「長度方向」，又， 將鐵道⑷00之寬度方向簡稱為「寬度方向」來說明。 如圖“斤示’本實施形態之鐵道車輛100具備耐熱底10。 6 201238810 <耐熱底之構成> 首先，參日3 ϋΐ 1 、、 δ月本實施形態之耐熱底1 〇之構成。 如圖1所示，耐埶底10抱姐 再成 , * 係構成鐵道車輛100之底面之構件， 被橫樑70支撐，a m偁仵， 固疋於側樑80。又，耐熱底1〇且有去 撐板2〇、表面片30、底柘八有支 m y 坻板4〇、熱分散層50、吸熱層 下，依序說明此等之各構成要素。 支撐板2 0係從下太士 _ 下方支撐吸熱層6〇之構件。支撐板20 以不鏽鋼專金屬形成。 — 圖1所不，於支撐板20包含接觸 …曰之接觸部2 1與從吸熱層6()往下方分離之分離部 22接觸部21形成為平板狀，延伸於長度方向。各接觸部 配置於㈤+面上。又，分離部22剖面形成為u字狀， 乙伸於長度方向。接觸部21與分離部22係於寬度方向交 互連續配置’因此，支撐板2G整體形成為波狀^亦即，支 樓板20具有所謂波狀構造（eGrrugateds㈣咖叫。更嚴格而 曰’支#板20 $成為例如觀> 察剖面時其寬度隨著往下方而 漸寬。亦即，支撐板20具有所謂楔形構造（keyst〇ne structure)。藉由支撐板2〇具有此種楔形構造，分離部μ 發揮樑（補強構件）之功能，能使支撐板2〇之強度提升，進 而能使耐熱底1 〇之強度提升。 表面片30係積層於耐熱底10之各構件中位於最上面 側之構件。表面片30係例如橡膠製之片’能緩和因乘客步 行等而產生之對耐熱底10之衝擊。又，表面片3〇亦能使 從配置於底部下之機器發出之噪音難以傳至客室側。進 而’如後述般’於底板40雖安裝有螺旋41，但能使因螺旋 7 201238810 40產生於底板40上之凹凸不 外，表面片3G不限於橡膜製 ；而、熱底1G之表面。此 乙稀樹脂製片、㈣樹㈣/，亦可取代此而使用聚氯 般所使用之舖材。^製片、地毯等’在鐵道車辆中— 底板40係用以確保耐舞麻1 ^ 熟底10之剛性之構件，即所謂 基材。本實施形態之底板4〇 ^ 係藉由合成樹脂之發泡材形 成。底板40位於表面片3〇夕 下方’於積層於耐熱底1〇之 各構件中具有最大之厚度。此外 此外，形成底板40之材料不限 於合成樹脂之發泡材，亦可敗# + &m 4 λ j取代此而適用輕合金製蜂巢材 等使用於底板之周知材料。 熱分散層50係用以使熱分散於面方向之層。如圖^所 示，熱分散層50位於底板40與吸熱層6〇之間。熱分散層 50藉由斷熱材形成。形成熱分散層5〇之斷熱材雖無特別限 定，但能使用玻璃棉或陶瓷棉等。如上述，熱分散層5〇由 於係藉由斷熱材形成，因此不僅具有使熱分散之效果，亦 具有斷熱效果。此外，若簡單說明後述之吸熱層6〇所含之 「吸熱材」與形成熱分散層50之「斷熱材」之差異，相較 於吸熱材係進行吸收熱之吸熱反應之材料，斷熱材則不吸 收熱而僅係使熱難以傳遞之材料，兩者於此點相異。 吸熱層60係用以吸收熱之層。如圖1所示，吸熱層6〇 係被支撐板2 0支樓。吸熱層6 0係藉由使吸熱材於陶曼棉 内部分散而形成。本實施形態中’係使用熱膨脹材即虫至石 作為吸熱材。本實施形態之吸熱層60伴隨著吸熱材（蛭石） 之熱膨脹整體亦膨脹。又，雖使用於吸熱層60之吸熱材亦 201238810 可係蛭石以外之構件，但最好係吸熱之開始溫度為35〇〜 5 5 0°C。其係因若以過低溫度開始吸熱即無法充分發揮作為 吸熱材之功能之故。作為吸熱層60能使用例如住友股 份有限公司之耐熱/斷熱材料M20A等。 又，本實施形態中，吸熱層60中接觸支撐板2〇之部 分之面積，構成為吸熱層6〇之整體面積之至少兩成左右。 不過，亦可視構成吸熱層6〇之吸熱材之特性等，變更整體 中接觸支撐板20之部分所占之面積之比例。例如，亦可將 比例設為五成左右，亦能將傳遞熱較快之部分與較慢之部 分設為相同比例。進而’於吸熱層6〇與支撐板2〇之分離 部22之間形成有㈣空間而成為空洞。料，於該等之間 形成有空氣層。 / a 〈耐熱底之固定構造> 其次’參照圖2及圖3說明本實施形態之耐熱底10之 固定構造。圖2係本本,% 4 &十 一 予本只轭形態之耐熱底10之之端部之放大 °'J面圖如上所述，耐熱底10係被橫樑70支樓，固定於 惻樑80。 口心仍 仓ώ +丄 .......六1只]烁。撗樑70係延伸於 二°、’構成鐵道車輔100之構體（擔負車體強度之部分、 之一部分。此橫樑7〇主要传 > 之上面邱7〗、“要係由接觸耐熱底10之水平板狀 -<—^曲邵 7 I、邊 έ士仇 L γ s “士 、’α 面邛71而為鉛直之板狀側面部72、 以及連結於側面部72且盘μ品加 π 73槿…/ 部71對向之水平板狀下面 4 73構成。又，側樑8〇係延 輛1〇〇之構體之一邹八μ 、長度方向’構成鐵道車 稱體之4分。此側樑8〇主要係由位於上方之水 201238810 平板狀之上面部81、連結於上而都S1工* 上面苦P81❿為鉛直之板狀側面 部8 2、以及連結於側面部8 2且鱼卜；却〇, I興上面部81對向之水平板 狀下面部83構成。側樑8〇係於甯声古a a ^ 诉y、見度方向内側開口，於側 樑80之内側插入有橫樑7〇之端 而。丨此外’本實施形態中， 側樑80之上面部8 1係形忐盔抄τ二〜 你巾成為較下面部83寬廣M則樑8〇 與橫操7 0係藉由炼接等而因中 寻而固疋。又，於側樑80之側面部 82之外側固定有鐵道車輛1〇〇之側構體9〇。 本實施形態中，並非首弈报# 开百无形成耐熱底10並於其後將耐 熱底1 〇整體一次固定於側禅8 栋80亦即，本實施形態中，係 將耐熱底1 0之各構成要夸外 合㈣要Κ支揮板2G依序積層固定於橫 樑70及側樑80上，藉此爭故 精此最終將耐熱纟10整㉟固定於側樑 8〇。首先，關於支撐板2〇，苴 共編部（圖2中係紙面左端側） 附近直接固定於側樑8〇。 體而§，支撐板20之端部附近 形成為平板狀，位於較& 8Π ^ r 平乂刀離。Ρ 22之底面部分23更靠上方 側樑80之厚度量之位 此支撐板20之端部附近係 精由浴接專固定於側樑80。 广杯to /於熱分散’ 5〇及吸熱層60 ’係被支樓板20與 底板40夹持而固定。此冰 此外，熱分散層50及吸熱層60之端 =字Γ台構件”或㈣92為止。此台構件91具有剖 構件93:之：狀’係藉由橋接側樑8〇之上面部81與分隔 構件3而固定於此等 方向之棒_#，^^!，㈣92係延伸於長度 定載於。構件91。又，此襯墊92厚度設 疋為其上面與熱分散 又口又 υ之上面會位於同一平面上。 關於底板40，复姐邱# ε “ ％。卩载置於襯墊92。於此底板40 10 201238810 之端部形成有貫通孔。再者，與底板4〇之貫通孔對應地， 於襯墊92亦形成有貫通孔。於台構件91形成有螺孔。又， 螺旋4 1係通過形成於底板4〇及襯墊92之貫通孔，螺入形 成於〇構件91之螺孔。藉此，底板4〇固定於台構件9丨（側 樑 80)。 最後，關於表面片30，係以從底板4〇之上面覆蓋螺旋 之方式鋪a。其中’於本實施形態中’於对熱& i 〇之寬 度方向外側設有分隔構件93。分隔構件93係鉛直之板狀構 件’固定於側4梁80之上面部81，延料長度方向。又， 於此分隔構件93與底板4Q之間、及分隔構件Μ與表面片 3〇之間插入有密封構件94。藉此，能防止底板4〇及表面 片30移動於寬度方向。 〜叫又4再迮义祝明。此外，以上雖 說明了藉由螺旋41固定启虹咖上执 疋底板40與支撐板2〇之情形，但並 不限於此’亦可藉由接荖 、 女Α各層，或使用雙面膠帶等安 裝’藉此固定耐熱底1〇。 <變形例> 本實施形態中，雖俜 但亦可取代此而以如圖’'。圖2所示之構固定对熱底10’ 係顯示以圖2所示構成广之構成固定耐熱底10。圖3 例中，與圖、之情二圖。如圖3所示，變形 形成為較小。X，於側⑽直方向之尺寸（高度） 上面部7i接觸之方式形 之上面部81，以與橫樑70之 部84。又，若比較圖/有較其他部分位於更下方之段差 〜θ 3即可理解，上面部81中段差 201238810 部84以外之部分發揮圖2之台構件91之功能，因此變形 例中未設有台構件91。亦即，圖3所示之變形例與圖2之 情形相較，係耐熱底10之設置位置下降台構件91高度方 向之尺寸量之構成。藉由具備以上構成之變形例，能對應 耐熱底1 〇之設置位置變低之量更寬廣地確保鐵道車輛1 00 之活動空間。 <而才熱底之作用> 其次’參照圖4說明對本實施形態之耐熱底1 〇之下面 施加熱時之作用。圖4係顯示本實施形態之吸熱層6〇之膨 脹狀況之圖。當從耐熱底10之下面徐徐逐漸加熱時，支撲 板20整體溫度係會逐漸上升成大致一致。其後，來自支樓 板20之熱傳遞而使吸熱層60之溫度上升。此時，吸熱層 6 0中接觸支稽板2 0之接觸部2 1之溫度係較分離部2 2更快 上升。如上所述，其係因於吸熱層60與分離部22之間存 在空氣層’支撐板20中分離部22較接觸部21更難以傳遞 熱。因此，吸熱層60中接觸支撐板20之部分首先吸熱而 膨脹’未接觸支撐板20之部分則較慢吸熱後膨脹。 如上述’根據本實施形態之耐熱底，由於吸熱層6〇 並非整體同時開始吸熱，而係依各部分吸熱之開始會產生 時間差，因此整體吸收熱之時間較長，能使溫度上升之速 度變小。再者，吸熱層60中已膨脹之部分，係如圖4之兩 點鏈線所示，最初之吸熱層60與分離部22之間之空間徐 徐擴展，其後發揮斷熱層之功能。因此，吸熱層6〇在吸熱 結束後亦可抑制熱傳至上面側，有助於持續抑制耐熱底1〇 12 201238810 之上面側之溫度上升。此外， +貫^形態中’由於形成 在剖面視下分離部22之寬度隨著往下方而逐漸變 ： 相較於分離部22之寬度形成為不往下方擴展之情形，能寶 廣地確保吸熱層6 0與分離邱？ 7 雖口P 22之間之空間，藉此能充分 收容吸熱後之已膨脹之吸熱層6〇。 又’支撐板20係對底部下之火炎發揮防火壁之功能， 且發揮作為鐵道車#⑽之構體—部分 據本實施形態，亦無需追加新的構成要素作為防火壁，且 亦無需另外追加用以確保剛性之補強材。因此，根據本實 施形態’不但具有充分之耐熱性與強度，i亦能將鐵道車 輛作成簡易之構造，謀求輕量化。 此處，當吸熱層6G膨脹而發揮作為斷熱層之功能時， 在支撐板20之對應接觸部21之部分與對應分離部22之部 分其厚度大幅相異。因此，在吸熱層6G之斷熱效果係依各 部分而不同。然而，位於吸熱層6〇之上面側之熱分散層5〇, 由於使熱分散於面方向（水平方向），因此自吸熱層6〇傳遞 之不均一之熱於面方向均一化。藉由此種熱分散層5〇使熱 均一化’能更加提升耐熱底10之耐熱性。 (第2實施形態） 其次，參照圖5說明本發明之第2實施形態之鐵道車 輛200。本實施形態之鐵道車輛2〇〇，在於吸熱層6〇與分 離部22之間插入斷熱材25這點，構成係與第i實施形態 之鐵道車輛100相異。除此點以外，兩者具有基本上相同 之構成》插入於吸熱層60與分離部22間之斷熱材25雖未 13 201238810 特別限定，但能使用例如H棉或玻_。不過， 25最好係能料變形且非常柔軟之材料。其係為了在吸熱 層60膨服而進入吸轨層咖八 層60與分離部22之間時使斷熱材25 不會成為吸熱層60之膨脹之障礙之故。 本實施形態之耐熱底1G由於如上所述於吸.熱層的與 分離部22之間插入有斷熱材25，因此能抑制熱從分離部 22往吸熱層6G傳達之速度。其結果，能使不接觸支樓板 2〇之部分之溫度上升更慢。因此與第！實施形態之耐熱底 '相較’吸熱層60中吸收熱之時間變得更長，能使在上面 之溫度上升之速度更慢。 以上雖參照圖說明本發明之第1實施形態及第2實 施形態，但具體之構成並不限於此等之實施形態，即使有 :脫離此發明之要旨之範圍之設計變更等亦為本發明所包 :::如’以上雖說明分離部22形成為槽狀之情形，但即 包含。 #下方大出成+球狀之構成亦為本發明所 臉腊又’以上雖說明吸熱層6〇熱膨服之情形，但使用難以 I風之材料作為吸熱材或使吸熱材之量減少等，而不使吸 ，’、、曰60熱膨脹之構成亦為本發明所包含。 轨層ΐΓ:之具備耐熱底之鐵道車輔，由於該耐熱底之吸 呈借月b長時間持續吸收熱’因此能提升耐熱性。因此，在 八備耐熱底之鐵道車輛之技術領域中係有益。 圖式簡單說明】 14 201238810 圖1係本發明之第1實施形態之耐熱底之剖面立體圖。 圖2係本發明之第1實施形態之耐熱底之放大剖面圖。 圖3係顯示本發明之第1實施形態之變形例之圖。 圖4係顯示本發明之第1實施形態之吸熱層之膨脹狀 況之圖。 圖5係本發明之第2實施形態之耐熱底之剖面立體圖。 [ 主要元件符號說明】 10 财熱底 20 支撐板 21 接觸部 22 分離部 25 斷熱材 50 吸熱層 60 吸熱層 100 ' 200 鐵道車輛 15201238810 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field to Which the Invention Is Applicable] In particular, the present invention relates to a railway vehicle ramp vehicle. [Prior Art] For the bottom of a railway vehicle, the established resistance (fire resistance) under the bottom is considered. ❹, 耐耐格格... There are 2 specifications ASTM (American Standard Test Method) E-l 19. There are several regulations in EU 9. For example, if the test body (bottom) is heated from below for a given time, the temperature rise above it must be below or below: The bottom structure of the ramp vehicle considering the above specifications, for example, in the patent literature 1 proposal. That is, it is recorded in the patent reading! The bottom structure is composed of a lower layer of the upper layer 'middle layer' and a layer of heat-dissipating material between the lower layer and the middle layer. According to the above-described bottom structure, since the layer of the heat-insulating material is provided, the heat-insulating effect of the bottom portion can be improved (refer to Patent Document 1, "the second line of the second page of the second page". Generally, if the thickness of the heat insulating layer is increased, the heat resistance can be improved. However, if the thermal insulation layer is too thick, the space under the bottom is narrowed, and there is a case where the space for the cable or the machine under the bottom cannot be secured. Therefore, Patent Document 2' proposes a bottom structure of a linear motor vehicle, which aims to have the same fire resistance function as in the prior art without arranging a space for a machine or the like disposed under the bottom. The bottom structure is configured such that a plate-shaped expanded heat-dissipating material covers the underside of the bottom plate, and is configured to cover the surface of the beam inspection mark and the middle beam of the side 201238810. (For example, refer to FIG. 4 of Patent Document 2). The above-mentioned expanded heat-dissipating material is formed by a thermal expansion of the fire to form a heat-dissipating layer, so that the temperature rises on the upper surface of the plate and is thinner than the conventional plate-shaped heat-dissipating material. The arrangement space of the cable or the like _ (refer to paragraph 〇〇1 6 of Patent Document 2). [Patent Document] [Patent Document] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. The heat-dissipating effect (4) is complicated and the weight of the vehicle with the bottom structure is increased. Further, according to the bottom structure, since the thickness of the bottom portion is increased, there is a problem that the arrangement space of the cable or the like under the bottom is pressed. In the bottom structure of the document 2, it is possible to suppress the problem that the space for the arrangement of the slow line or the like is suppressed, but the thermal performance of the charge cannot be obtained. That is, the expansion type heat-dissipating material used in Patent Document 2 has a main purpose of forming a heat-dissipating layer because it is swollen, so that not only the heat absorption amount is small, but also the expansion from the lower temperature of 100 to 15 〇t is rapid. End expansion M. Therefore, in the bottom structure of Patent Document 2, there is a problem that the heat cannot be sufficiently absorbed during the gradual increase in temperature, and sufficient heat resistance cannot be obtained. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle having a heat-resistant bottom having a simple structure and having high heat resistance. A railway vehicle having a heat-resistant bottom according to a certain aspect of the present invention includes: a base plate of 201238810; a heat absorbing layer disposed under the bottom plate to absorb heat; and a floor slab supporting the heat absorbing layer from below; the support plate & a contact portion that contacts the heat absorbing layer; and a slab that is continuously formed in the vehicle width direction from the contact portion and that is separated from the heat absorbing layer and extends in a longitudinal direction of the vehicle. With such a configuration, when heat is applied from below the heat-resistant base, the portion of the heat-absorbing layer that contacts the branch floor starts to absorb heat at an earlier stage, and the portion separated from the support plate starts to absorb heat at a later stage. . Thus, by displacing the start time of the endothermic heat in accordance with each portion of the heat absorbing layer, heat can be continuously absorbed throughout the heat absorbing layer for a long period of time. The present invention can provide a vehicle having a heat-resistant bottom having a simple structure and high heat resistance. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a heat-resistant bottom of a railway vehicle according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following, the same or corresponding elements will be denoted by the same reference numerals throughout the drawings, and the description will be omitted. (First Embodiment) First, a railway vehicle 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 4'. Fig. i is a perspective sectional view showing a heat-resistant base of the railway vehicle of the present embodiment. In addition, the length direction of the railway vehicle is 1 从 from the front side of the paper (the side showing the section) toward the deep side. Hereinafter, the length direction of the railway vehicle 100 will be simply referred to as "longitudinal direction", and the width direction of the railway (4) 00 will be simply referred to as "width direction". As shown in the figure, the railway vehicle 100 of the present embodiment has a heat-resistant bottom 10. 6 201238810 <Configuration of heat-resistant base> First, the structure of the heat-resistant base 1 of the embodiment of the present invention is hereinafter referred to as the Japanese Patent Application No. As shown in Fig. 1, the sturdy bottom 10 is re-established, and the constituting the bottom surface of the railway vehicle 100 is supported by the beam 70, which is fixed to the side sill 80. The support plate 2 0 is from the lower _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The member supporting the heat absorbing layer 6 。 below. The support plate 20 is formed of a stainless steel special metal. - Figure 1 is not shown. The support plate 20 includes a contact portion 2 1 and a separation portion separated from the heat absorbing layer 6 (). The contact portion 21 is formed in a flat plate shape and extends in the longitudinal direction. Each contact portion is disposed on the (five) + surface. Further, the separation portion 22 has a U-shaped cross section and extends in the longitudinal direction. The contact portion 21 and the separation portion 22 are Continuously arranged in the width direction. Therefore, the support plate 2G is integrally formed into a wave shape, that is, a branch The plate 20 has a so-called wavy configuration (eGrrugateds). More stringently, the slab slab 20 becomes, for example, a view. The width of the plate is gradually widened as it goes downward. That is, the support plate 20 has a so-called wedge structure. The support plate 2 has such a wedge-shaped structure, and the separation portion μ functions as a beam (reinforcing member), so that the strength of the support plate 2 can be increased, and the strength of the heat-resistant base can be increased. The surface sheet 30 is a member which is laminated on the uppermost side among the members of the heat-resistant bottom 10. The surface sheet 30 is, for example, a rubber sheet, which can alleviate the impact on the heat-resistant bottom 10 caused by passengers walking or the like. The surface sheet 3 can also make it difficult for the noise emitted from the machine disposed under the bottom to be transmitted to the passenger compartment side. Further, as described later, the spiral 41 is attached to the bottom plate 40, but the spiral 7 201238810 40 can be generated on the bottom plate 40. The surface sheet 3G is not limited to the rubber film; the surface of the hot bottom 1G. The vinyl resin sheet, the (4) tree (4)/, may be replaced by a polychlorinated sheet. ^ Production, carpet, etc. 'in iron In the road vehicle, the bottom plate 40 is a member for ensuring the rigidity of the dance-resistant base 10, that is, a so-called base material. The bottom plate 4 of the present embodiment is formed of a foamed material of synthetic resin. It is located at the bottom of the surface sheet 3, and has the largest thickness among the members laminated on the heat-resistant substrate. Further, the material for forming the bottom plate 40 is not limited to the foamed material of the synthetic resin, and may be defeated by #+ &m 4 Instead of this, λ j is applied to a known material used for the bottom plate, such as a light alloy honeycomb material, etc. The heat dispersion layer 50 is a layer for dispersing heat in the surface direction. As shown in the figure, the heat dispersion layer 50 is located between the bottom plate 40 and the heat absorbing layer 6A. The heat dispersion layer 50 is formed by a heat-dissipating material. The heat-dissipating material forming the heat-distributing layer 5 is not particularly limited, but glass wool or ceramic wool can be used. As described above, since the heat dispersion layer 5 is formed of a heat-dissipating material, it has an effect of dispersing heat and a heat-dissipating effect. In addition, the difference between the "heat absorbing material" contained in the heat absorbing layer 6 后 described later and the "heat absorbing material" forming the heat dispersing layer 50 will be briefly described, and the heat absorbing material is used to absorb the heat of the heat absorbing reaction. The material does not absorb heat but only the material that is difficult to transfer heat, which is different at this point. The heat absorbing layer 60 is used to absorb the hot layer. As shown in Fig. 1, the heat absorbing layer 6 is supported by the support plate 20. The heat absorbing layer 60 is formed by dispersing the heat absorbing material inside the taman cotton. In the present embodiment, a thermal expansion material, i.e., a worm to stone, is used as a heat absorbing material. The heat absorbing layer 60 of the present embodiment expands as a whole of the thermal expansion of the heat absorbing material (meteorite). Further, although the heat absorbing material used for the heat absorbing layer 60 can be made of a member other than vermiculite, the temperature of the endothermic heat is preferably 35 〇 to 550 °C. This is because the function of the heat absorbing material cannot be sufficiently exhibited when the heat is absorbed at an excessively low temperature. As the heat absorbing layer 60, for example, a heat-resistant/heat-breaking material M20A of Sumitomo Co., Ltd., or the like can be used. Further, in the present embodiment, the area of the portion of the heat absorbing layer 60 that contacts the support plate 2 is configured to be at least about 20% of the entire area of the heat absorbing layer 6A. However, depending on the characteristics of the heat absorbing material constituting the heat absorbing layer 6 or the like, the ratio of the area occupied by the portion in contact with the support plate 20 as a whole may be changed. For example, the ratio can be set to about 50%, and the portion where the heat transfer is faster can be set to the same ratio as the slower portion. Further, a space is formed between the heat absorbing layer 6A and the separation portion 22 of the support plate 2A to form a cavity. An air layer is formed between the materials. / a <Fixed structure of heat-resistant bottom> Next, the fixing structure of the heat-resistant base 10 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to Figs. 2 and 3 . Figure 2 is the book, % 4 & eleven to the yoke form of the end of the heat-resistant bottom 10 of the magnification of the 'J-plane as described above, the heat-resistant bottom 10 is the beam 70 branch, fixed to the truss 80 . The mouth is still squatting +丄.......6 1 only] The truss 70 is extended at two degrees, 'the part that constitutes the railway car auxiliary 100 (part of the part of the body strength. This beam 7 〇 main transmission > above the Qiu 7), "to be contacted by the heat-resistant bottom 10 horizontal plate shape-<-^曲邵7 I, edge έ士仇 L γ s "士, 'α面邛 71 and is a vertical plate-like side portion 72, and is connected to the side portion 72 and the disk μ Adding π 73槿.../ part 71 is opposite to the horizontal plate-shaped lower surface 4 73. In addition, the side beam 8〇 is one of the structures of the 1〇〇 frame, and the length direction '4 of the railway car body The side sill 8 〇 is mainly composed of the upper surface water 201238810 flat upper surface portion 81, connected to the upper portion, and both S1 work * the upper P81 ❿ is a vertical plate-like side portion 8 2, and is coupled to the side portion 8 2 And the fish bun; but 〇, I 上 upper face 81 opposite horizontal plate-shaped lower part 83. The side beam 8 〇 is in Ningsheng ancient aa ^ y, open inside the visibility direction, inserted inside the side beam 80 There is a beam 7 end. In addition, in the present embodiment, the face 8 1 on the side beam 80 is shaped like a helmet τ 2 ~ your towel becomes wider than the lower portion 83 In the case of M, the beam 8 〇 and the traverse machine 70 are fixed by the middle search by refining, etc. Further, the side body 9 铁 of the railway vehicle 1 is fixed to the outside of the side surface portion 82 of the side sill 80. In the present embodiment, the first heat-resistant bottom 10 is not formed by the first game, and the heat-resistant bottom 1 is fixed to the side of the eight-seat 80 at a time, that is, in the present embodiment, the heat-resistant bottom 10 is Each component has to be exaggerated. (4) The slab 2G is sequentially fixed on the beam 70 and the side sill 80, so that the heat 纟 10 is fixed to the side sill 8 〇. First, about the support The plate 2〇, the 苴 co-section part (the left end side of the paper surface in Fig. 2) is directly fixed to the side sill 8 〇. The body §, the end of the support plate 20 is formed into a flat shape, located at & 8Π ^ r The bottom surface portion 23 of the Ρ 22 is located closer to the thickness of the upper side beam 80. The vicinity of the end portion of the support plate 20 is fixed by the bath joint to the side sill 80. The wide cup to / heat dispersion ' 5 〇 And the heat absorbing layer 60' is held by the slab 20 and the bottom plate 40. The ice is further, the end of the heat dispersing layer 50 and the heat absorbing layer 60 = word truss member" or 92. The table member 91 has a cross-member 93: the shape is a rod that is fixed in this direction by the upper surface portion 81 and the partition member 3 of the bridge side beam 8〇_#, ^^!, (4) 92 series extension The length is fixed on the member 91. Further, the thickness of the spacer 92 is set to be on the same plane as the upper surface of the heat dispersion and the upper surface of the crucible. Regarding the bottom plate 40, the complex sister Qiu # ε "%. A through hole is formed in the end portion of the bottom plate 40 10 201238810. Further, a through hole is formed in the spacer 92 corresponding to the through hole of the bottom plate 4 . The table member 91 is formed with a screw hole. Further, the spiral 41 is screwed into the through hole formed in the bottom plate 4 and the spacer 92, and is screwed into the screw hole of the dam member 91. Thereby, the bottom plate 4 is fixed to the table member 9A (side beam 80). Finally, regarding the surface sheet 30, a is laid so as to cover the spiral from the upper surface of the bottom plate 4''. In the present embodiment, the partition member 93 is provided on the outer side in the width direction of the heat & i 〇. The partition member 93 is a vertical plate-like member 'fixed to the upper surface portion 81 of the side 4 beam 80 to extend the longitudinal direction. Further, a sealing member 94 is interposed between the partition member 93 and the bottom plate 4Q, and between the partition member Μ and the top sheet 3〇. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the bottom plate 4 and the surface sheet 30 from moving in the width direction. ~ Called 4 and then Yi Yi Zhu Ming. In addition, although the above description has been given to the case where the bottom plate 40 and the support plate 2 are fixed by the screw 41, it is not limited to this, and it is also possible to use the joints, the layers of the niece, or the double-sided tape. Installation 'by this fixed heat-resistant bottom 1〇. <Modifications> In the present embodiment, the present invention may be replaced by the drawings. The structure shown in Fig. 2 is fixed to the hot bottom 10' to form a fixed heat-resistant base 10 having a wide configuration as shown in Fig. 2. In the example of Figure 3, the figure and the second picture. As shown in Fig. 3, the deformation is formed to be small. X, the size (height) in the straight direction of the side (10) The upper surface portion 7i contacts the upper surface 81 to the portion 84 of the beam 70. Further, it can be understood that the comparison map has a step difference of ~θ 3 which is located below the other portion, and the portion other than the portion of the upper surface portion 81 of the upper portion of the portion of the upper portion of the portion of the upper portion of the portion of the upper portion 81 Table member 91. That is, the modification shown in Fig. 3 is compared with the case of Fig. 2, and is a configuration in which the position of the heat-resistant base 10 is lowered in the height direction of the stage member 91. According to the modification having the above configuration, the movable space of the railway vehicle 100 can be more widely secured in accordance with the amount by which the installation position of the heat-resistant base 1 is lowered. <Action of the hot bottom> Next, the action of heating the lower surface of the heat-resistant base 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 4 . Fig. 4 is a view showing the state of expansion of the heat absorbing layer 6 of the present embodiment. When gradually heating from below the heat-resistant bottom 10, the overall temperature of the baffle 20 gradually rises to be substantially uniform. Thereafter, heat transfer from the branch floor 20 causes the temperature of the heat absorbing layer 60 to rise. At this time, the temperature of the contact portion 2 1 contacting the branching plate 20 in the heat absorbing layer 60 is higher than that of the separating portion 2 2 . As described above, it is because the separation portion 22 in the air layer 'the support plate 20 between the heat absorbing layer 60 and the separation portion 22 is more difficult to transfer heat than the contact portion 21. Therefore, the portion of the heat absorbing layer 60 that contacts the support plate 20 first absorbs heat and expands. The portion that does not contact the support plate 20 expands slowly and absorbs heat. As described above, according to the heat-resistant substrate of the present embodiment, since the heat absorbing layer 6〇 does not start to absorb heat at the same time, a time difference occurs depending on the heat absorption of each portion, so that the overall heat absorption time is long, and the temperature rise rate can be changed. small. Further, the expanded portion of the heat absorbing layer 60 is as shown by the two-dot chain line in Fig. 4, and the space between the first heat absorbing layer 60 and the separating portion 22 is gradually expanded, and thereafter functions as a heat insulating layer. Therefore, the heat absorbing layer 6 抑制 can suppress the heat transfer to the upper side after the end of the heat absorption, and contributes to continuously suppressing the temperature rise of the upper side of the heat-resistant bottom layer 12 201238810. Further, in the form of the cross section, the width of the separation portion 22 is gradually changed as it is formed in the cross section: the width of the separation portion 22 is formed so as not to expand downward, and the energy absorption is ensured. Layer 6 0 and separation Qiu? 7 Although the space between the ports P 22 is sufficient, the heat absorbing layer 6 吸 which has been expanded after the heat absorption can be sufficiently accommodated. Further, the 'support plate 20 functions as a fire wall for the fire under the bottom, and functions as a structure of the railway car #(10). According to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to add a new component as a fire wall, and there is no need to additionally add A reinforcing material to ensure rigidity. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, not only is the heat resistance and strength sufficient, but also the railway vehicle can be made into a simple structure, and the weight can be reduced. Here, when the heat absorbing layer 6G expands to function as a heat insulating layer, the portion of the corresponding contact portion 21 of the support plate 20 and the portion of the corresponding separating portion 22 greatly differ in thickness. Therefore, the heat-dissipating effect in the heat absorbing layer 6G differs depending on the parts. However, since the heat-distributing layer 5〇 located on the upper side of the heat-absorbing layer 6〇 disperses heat in the surface direction (horizontal direction), the uneven heat transmitted from the heat-absorbing layer 6〇 is uniform in the plane direction. The heat uniformity of the heat-resistant substrate 10 can be further improved by the heat-distribution layer 5 〇. (Second Embodiment) Next, a railway vehicle 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 5 . In the railway vehicle 2 of the present embodiment, the heat insulating material 25 is inserted between the heat absorbing layer 6A and the separating portion 22, and the configuration is different from that of the railway vehicle 100 of the i-th embodiment. Except for this point, the two have substantially the same configuration. The heat-dissipating material 25 interposed between the heat-absorbing layer 60 and the separating portion 22 is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, H cotton or glass. However, 25 is preferably a material that is deformable and very soft. This is to prevent the heat-dissipating material 25 from becoming an obstacle to the expansion of the heat-absorbing layer 60 when the heat-absorbing layer 60 is swollen and enters between the suction layer 80 and the separation portion 22. In the heat-resistant base 1G of the present embodiment, since the heat-dissipating material 25 is inserted between the heat-absorbing layer and the separation portion 22 as described above, the speed at which heat is transmitted from the separation portion 22 to the heat-absorbing layer 6G can be suppressed. As a result, the temperature rise of the portion that does not contact the floor slab can be made slower. So with the first! In the heat-resistant base of the embodiment, the time during which heat is absorbed in the heat absorbing layer 60 becomes longer, and the temperature at which the temperature rises above is made slower. Although the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the embodiments, and any design changes or the like that fall within the scope of the gist of the invention are also the present invention. Package::: As described above, the case where the separation portion 22 is formed in a groove shape is described, but it is included. The composition of the #大出成+球状 is also the case of the face of the invention. Although the above description shows the case where the heat absorbing layer 6 is hot-expanded, the material which is difficult to use I wind is used as the heat absorbing material or the amount of the heat absorbing material is reduced. The composition of the thermal expansion of ', 曰 60 is also included in the present invention. Rail layer ΐΓ: It is a railway car with a heat-resistant bottom. Since the heat-resistant bottom absorbs heat for a long time by month b, it can improve heat resistance. Therefore, it is advantageous in the technical field of railway vehicles with eight heat-resistant bottoms. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 14 201238810 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a heat-resistant base according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a heat-resistant base according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a view showing a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a view showing an expanded state of the heat absorbing layer according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a heat-resistant base according to a second embodiment of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 10 financial bottom 20 support plate 21 contact part 22 separation part 25 heat-dissipating material 50 heat absorption layer 60 heat absorption layer 100 ' 200 railway vehicle 15