201224694 . 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 [0001] 本發明涉及一種相位控制型交流穩壓電路，尤指一 種可於輸入電源每一半週内快速多段脈寬調整的交流電 壓輸出之電路，可改善穩壓設備體積大及笨重之缺點。 [先前技術] [0002] 近年來，因科技快速發展，各種電子儀器及精密設 備的使用亦日漸普遍。由於這些設備僅能容許有限的輸 ^ 入電源的變動，例如電源電壓過高可能造成用電設備損 Ο 壞，或電壓過低等…用電不穩定之問題。在配電系統中 每一饋線均有許多用戶，當饋線上有重載投入或切離， 即會造成因線路壓降變化而導致鄰近用電的電壓不穩定 。故交流穩壓器即成為重要的電源品質改善設備。 - [0003] 請參照第1圖所示，習知相位控制型穩壓器之切換開 關9 3係設於變壓器9之激磁側91 ;該切換開關93為閘流體 (SCR或TRIAC)組成，其閘流體切換導通方式僅能於每一 〇 半週内調整一次電壓大小，故無法達到快速穩壓及減少 低諧波電流污染之目的，且需設計體積大和較為笨重的 渡-波設備。 【發明内容】 [0004] 本發明一種相位控制型交流穩壓電路，係為克服現 有電源穩壓器於穩壓過程中，會連帶產生諧波電流回饋 至供電系統，導致電源侧輸入功率因數降低，且需另設 計低階次的諧波濾波器來改善輸出電壓的供電品質，終 造成濾波器設備體積大且笨重之缺點。 099142303 表單編號 A0101 第 3 頁/共 17 頁 0992073469-0 201224694 .201224694. VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] [0001] The present invention relates to a phase control type AC voltage regulator circuit, and more particularly to an AC voltage output capable of fast multi-stage pulse width adjustment in each half cycle of an input power source. The circuit can improve the size and bulkiness of the voltage regulator. [Prior Art] [0002] In recent years, the use of various electronic instruments and precision equipment has become increasingly popular due to the rapid development of technology. Since these devices can only tolerate limited fluctuations in the input power supply, such as excessive power supply voltage, the power supply equipment may be damaged, or the voltage is too low, etc. In the power distribution system, there are many users in each feeder. When there is heavy load input or disconnection on the feeder line, it will cause the voltage of the adjacent power supply to be unstable due to the change of the line voltage drop. Therefore, the AC voltage regulator has become an important power quality improvement device. - [0003] Referring to FIG. 1, a conventional phase-controlled voltage regulator switching switch 93 is provided on the excitation side 91 of the transformer 9; the switching switch 93 is composed of a thyristor (SCR or TRIAC). The thyristor switching conduction mode can only adjust the voltage level once every half a week, so it cannot achieve the purpose of rapid voltage regulation and reducing low harmonic current pollution, and it is necessary to design a bulky and cumbersome wave-wave device. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0004] The present invention is a phase control type AC voltage regulator circuit, which overcomes the existing power supply voltage regulator in the voltage regulation process, and will generate harmonic current feedback to the power supply system, resulting in a reduction in the input power factor of the power supply side. A low-order harmonic filter is also needed to improve the power quality of the output voltage, which ultimately causes the filter device to be bulky and cumbersome. 099142303 Form Number A0101 Page 3 of 17 0992073469-0 201224694 .
[0005] 因此，本發明之目的，即在提供一緩衝裝置連接於 變壓器輸入電源側與變壓器激磁側，該缓衝裝置具有兩 單向導通路徑，其單向導通路徑的導通方向互為相反且 分別為一導通一關斷狀態，可提供變壓器於正半週及負 半週之激磁電流的飛輪路徑，該單向導通路徑為由至少 一可控開關器及至少一單向導通器串聯組成；一脈寬調 變控制裝置連接於變壓器激磁侧之緩衝裝置與供電系統 的中性點之間，該脈寬調變控制裝置為半導體雙向切換 導通開關，可提供輸入電源於每一半週内切換導通及關 斷數次之功能。運作時輸入電源經緩衝裝置之單向導通 路徑，並經由脈寬調變控制裝置的雙向切換開關於每一 半週内切換導通及關斷數次，將變壓器之激磁側的電壓 調整成數段可變的電壓，並經平滑電感的濾波作用，使 變壓器的激磁電流波形更平順，再透過變壓器來調節輸 出侧之電壓，並藉低通濾波裝置來改善輸出電壓波形的 失真。 [0006] 本發明在改良現有交流穩壓設備，穩壓調整反應時 間不夠迅速，及會產生諧波電流導致電源輸入侧功率因 數偏低之缺點。 [0007] 本發明為一種相位控制型交流穩壓電路，緩衝裝置 及脈寬調變控制裝置對輸入電源作控制，可提供快速穩 壓之效果，及輸出電壓波形失真度小，並能改善濾波設 備體積大及笨重之缺點。 [0008] 綜上所述，一種相位控制型交流穩壓電路，係採脈 寬調變控制方式，具下列優點： 099142303 表單編號A0101 第4頁/共17頁 0992073469-0 201224694 LDUU9」1. 整體穩壓設備體積小且重量輕。 [0010] 2. 輸出電壓暫態調節速率反應快。 3· 輸出電壓的波形失真度小。 4· 降低回饋至供電系統的諧波電流污染。 【實施方式】 相位控制型交流穩壓電路有一變壓器1、一低通漶波 裝置2、一緩衝裝置3、一脈寬調變控制裝置4及一平滑電 感5其中： 〇 剛 一變壓器1接受輸入電源，其變壓器1為具有負載側 線圈11及電源侧線齒12的共鐵芯之自輕型變壓器。 ' [0012] 一低通濾波裝置2 ’係為·接收經變壓器1之輸出電源 ’該低通濾波裝置2包括有一電感器21及一電容器22，該 電感器21接受輸出電源並經電容器22濾除高頻諧波以供 應輸出用電。 [0013] 〇 請參照第2及5圖所示，一緩衝裝置3，係連接於變壓 器1輸入電源側13舆變塵器1敫磁側14，該緩衝裝置3包括 有兩單向導通路徑31，其兩單向導通路徑31導通方向互 為相反’且分別為一導通一關斷狀態，可提供變壓器1於 正半週6及負半週7之激磁電流的飛輪路徑，該單向導通 路徑31為由至少一可控開關器311及至少一單向導通器 312串聯組成；該單向導通器312可由數功率二極體聯結 組成（圖為示出）。 [0014] 一脈寬調變控制裝置4，係連接於變壓器1激磁側14 之緩衝裝置3與供電系統的中性點（Neutral p〇int)之 099142303 表單編號A0101 第5頁/共17頁 0992073469-0 201224694 間，該脈寬調變控制裝置4為由四個單向導通元件41及一 可控開關元件42聯結組成的半導體雙向切換導通開關， 可提供輸入電源於每一半週内切換導通及關斷數次之功 能，該單向導通元件41為二極體。 [0015] 一平滑電感5係連接於變壓器1激磁侧14與緩衝裝置3 之間，使變壓器1的激磁電流波形更平順，並可降低變壓 器1之輸入電源的電流諧波及輸出電源的電壓諧波。 [0016] 請參照第2圖所示，本發明於運作時輸入電源經緩衝 裝置3之單向導通路徑31，及經由脈寬調變控制裝置4的 半導體雙向切換導通開關之功能於每一半週内切換導通 及關斷數次，將變壓器1之激磁侧14的電壓調整成數段可 變的電壓，使可變電壓經平滑電感5的濾波作用，讓變壓 器1的激磁電流波形更平順，再透過變壓器1之電源側線 圈12耦合至負載側線圈11，以調節變壓器1輸出電壓，並 由低通濾波裝置2之電感器21及電容器22濾除高頻諧波以 供應輸出用電；上述之脈寬調變控制裝置4係採高頻控制 方式，使穩壓調節反應時間快，且輸出之電壓波形失真 度小，並可降低低通濾波裝置2的體積及重量。請參照第 3、5及6圖所示，輸入電源電壓於正半週6時單向導通路 徑31提供之飛輪路徑作動時序為S2，並經脈寬調變控制 裝置4連續導通及關斷數次，將變壓器1之激磁側14的電 壓調整成數段可變的電壓，以達到變壓器1的激磁電流為 連續平順及輸出之電壓波形失真度小之目的，其脈寬調 變控制裝置4於輸入電源的作動時序為S1 ;請參照第4、5 及6圖所示，若負半週7時單向導通路徑31提供之飛輪路 099142303 表單編號A0101 第6頁/共17頁 0992073469-0 201224694 徑作動時序為S3，並藉作動時序為S1的脈寬調變控制裝 置4的連續導通及關斷數次，使變壓器1之激磁侧14的電 壓調整成數段可變的電壓，以達快速調節穩壓之目的。 [0017] 請參照第7圖所示，本發明之低通濾波裝置2的另一 設置結構，其低通濾波裝置2可僅連接於變壓器1的負載 側線圈11。 【圖式簡單說明】 [0018] 第1圖：為習用相位控制型穩壓器之電路圖。[0005] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a buffer device connected to the input power side of the transformer and the excitation side of the transformer. The buffer device has two single-conducting paths, and the conduction directions of the single-conducting paths are opposite to each other. a fly-on path for providing a magnetizing current of the transformer in the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle, wherein the single-conducting path is composed of at least one controllable switch and at least one single-conductor connected in series; A pulse width modulation control device is connected between the buffer device on the excitation side of the transformer and a neutral point of the power supply system, and the pulse width modulation control device is a semiconductor bidirectional switching conduction switch, which can provide input power to switch on and off in each half cycle. And the function of turning off several times. During operation, the input power is routed through the single-pass path of the buffer device, and is switched on and off several times in each half cycle through the bidirectional switch of the pulse width modulation control device, and the voltage on the excitation side of the transformer is adjusted into several segments. The voltage is filtered by the smoothing inductor to make the waveform of the excitation current of the transformer smoother, and then the voltage of the output side is adjusted by the transformer, and the distortion of the output voltage waveform is improved by the low-pass filter device. [0006] The present invention is in the improvement of the existing AC voltage stabilizing device, the regulation time of the voltage regulation adjustment is not fast enough, and the harmonic current causes the power factor on the input side of the power source to be low. [0007] The present invention is a phase control type AC voltage stabilizing circuit, the buffer device and the pulse width modulation control device control the input power, can provide the effect of rapid voltage regulation, and the distortion of the output voltage waveform is small, and can improve the filtering. The disadvantages of large and bulky equipment. [0008] In summary, a phase control type AC voltage regulator circuit adopts a pulse width modulation control mode with the following advantages: 099142303 Form No. A0101 Page 4 / Total 17 Page 0992073469-0 201224694 LDUU9" 1. Overall The voltage regulator is small and lightweight. [0010] 2. The output voltage transient regulation rate reacts quickly. 3. The waveform distortion of the output voltage is small. 4. Reduce the harmonic current pollution that is fed back to the power supply system. [Embodiment] The phase control type AC voltage stabilizing circuit has a transformer 1, a low pass chopper device 2, a buffer device 3, a pulse width modulation control device 4, and a smoothing inductor 5, wherein: the transformer 1 receives the input power. The transformer 1 is a self-lightweight transformer having a common iron core of the load side coil 11 and the power source side wire teeth 12. [0012] A low pass filtering device 2' is for receiving the output power of the transformer 1. The low pass filtering device 2 includes an inductor 21 and a capacitor 22, which receives the output power and filters through the capacitor 22. In addition to high frequency harmonics to supply output power. [0013] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 5, a buffer device 3 is connected to the transformer 1 input power supply side 13 舆 dust filter 1 敫 magnetic side 14, the buffer device 3 includes two single-way path 31 The two single-conducting path 31 is in the opposite direction of each other and is respectively turned on and off, and can provide a flywheel path of the exciting current of the transformer 1 in the positive half cycle 6 and the negative half cycle 7, the one-way path 31 is composed of at least one controllable switch 311 and at least one single-conductor 312 connected in series; the single-conductor 312 can be composed of a plurality of power diodes (shown). [0014] A pulse width modulation control device 4 is connected to the neutral device (Neutral P〇int) of the excitation device 3 of the transformer 1 and the neutral point of the power supply system. 099142303 Form No. A0101 Page 5 / Total 17 Page 0992073469 Between 2012 and 201224694, the pulse width modulation control device 4 is a semiconductor bidirectional switching on/off switch composed of four unidirectional conduction elements 41 and a controllable switching element 42. The input power supply can be switched on and off during each half cycle. The function of turning off several times, the one-way conducting element 41 is a diode. [0015] A smoothing inductor 5 is connected between the excitation side 14 of the transformer 1 and the buffer device 3, so that the excitation current waveform of the transformer 1 is smoother, and the current harmonic of the input power of the transformer 1 and the voltage harmonic of the output power source can be reduced. wave. [0016] Referring to FIG. 2, the present invention enters a power supply through the unidirectional path 31 of the buffer device 3 during operation, and the function of bidirectionally switching the on/off switch via the pulse width modulation control device 4 for each half cycle. The internal switching is turned on and off several times, and the voltage of the excitation side 14 of the transformer 1 is adjusted to a plurality of variable voltages, so that the variable voltage is filtered by the smoothing inductor 5, so that the excitation current waveform of the transformer 1 is smoother and then transmitted. The power supply side coil 12 of the transformer 1 is coupled to the load side coil 11 to adjust the output voltage of the transformer 1, and the high frequency harmonics are filtered by the inductor 21 and the capacitor 22 of the low pass filter device 2 to supply output power; The wide-modulation control device 4 adopts a high-frequency control mode to make the voltage regulation adjustment reaction time fast, and the output voltage waveform distortion is small, and the volume and weight of the low-pass filter device 2 can be reduced. Referring to Figures 3, 5 and 6, the input power supply voltage is at the positive half cycle 6 when the flywheel path actuation timing provided by the one-way path 31 is S2, and is continuously turned on and off several times by the pulse width modulation control device 4. The voltage of the excitation side 14 of the transformer 1 is adjusted to a plurality of variable voltages, so that the excitation current of the transformer 1 is continuously smooth and the voltage waveform distortion of the output is small, and the pulse width modulation control device 4 is applied to the input power source. The timing of the actuation is S1; please refer to the 4th, 5th and 6th diagrams. If the negative halfway 7 is 7, the single-way path 31 provides the flywheel 099142303 Form No. A0101 Page 6 / 17 pages 0992073469-0 201224694 The timing is S3, and the pulse width modulation control device 4 of the sequence S1 is continuously turned on and off several times, so that the voltage of the excitation side 14 of the transformer 1 is adjusted to a plurality of variable voltages, so as to achieve fast regulation and regulation. The purpose. Referring to Fig. 7, in another arrangement of the low-pass filter device 2 of the present invention, the low-pass filter device 2 can be connected only to the load side coil 11 of the transformer 1. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0018] Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional phase control type voltage regulator.
[0019] 第2圖：為本發明之相位控制型交流穩壓電路圖。 [0020] 第3圖：為本發明輸入電源電壓於正半週之電流流向圖。 [0021] 第4圖：為本發明輸入電源電壓於負半週之電流流向圖。 [0022] 第5圖：為本發明脈寬調變控制裝置與單向導通路徑觸發 信號示意圖。 [0023] 第6圖：為本發明變壓器激磁電壓及電流波形圖。2 is a circuit diagram of a phase control type AC voltage regulator according to the present invention. [0020] FIG. 3 is a current flow diagram of the input power supply voltage of the present invention in the positive half cycle. [0021] FIG. 4 is a current flow diagram of the input power supply voltage of the present invention in a negative half cycle. [0022] FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a pulse width modulation control device and a one-way path trigger signal according to the present invention. [0023] FIG. 6 is a waveform diagram of the excitation voltage and current of the transformer of the present invention.
[0024] 第7圖：為本發明低通濾波裝置之另一設置結構圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 [0025] (習用） [0026] 9.變壓器 91.激磁側 [0027] 93.切換開關 [0028] (本發明） [0029] 1.變壓器 11.負載側線圈 099142303 表單編號A0101 第7頁/共17頁 0992073469-0 201224694 [0030] 12.電源侧線圈 1 3.輸入電源側 [0031] 1 4.激磁側 2.低通濾波裝置 [0032] 21.電感器 22.電容器 [0033] 3.緩衝裝置 31.單向導通路徑 [0034] 311.可控開關器 312.單向導通器 [0035] 4.脈寬調變控制裝置 41.單向導通元件 [0036] 42.可控開關元件 5.平滑電感 [0037] 6.正半週 7.負半週 0992073469-0 099142303 表單編號A0101 第8頁/共17頁[0024] FIG. 7 is another structural diagram of the arrangement of the low-pass filter device of the present invention. [Explanation of main component symbols] [0025] (General) [0026] 9. Transformer 91. Excitation side [0027] 93. Diverter switch [0028] (Invention) [0029] 1. Transformer 11. Load side coil 099142303 Form number A0101 Page 7 of 17 0992073469-0 201224694 [0030] 12. Power supply side coil 1 3. Input power side [0031] 1 4. Excitation side 2. Low pass filter [0032] 21. Inductor 22. Capacitor [0033] 3. Buffer device 31. One-way path [0034] 311. Controllable switch 312. Single-conductor [0035] 4. Pulse width modulation control device 41. One-way conduction element [0036] 42. Controllable switching element 5. Smoothing inductance [0037] 6. Positive half cycle 7. Negative half cycle 0992073469-0 099142303 Form number A0101 Page 8 of 17