201209014 ' 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於—種製備—有機基f物肥料之方法， 特別是’由在一存水用閉環系統中之動物廢物製備-有機 基質物肥料之方法。 【先前技術】 在現代化農業實務巾，在單-地點使用-農業經營作 娜數百或甚至數千之牲畜，例如難牛之密 〇 _食操作6變得尋常的。gj此，物廢物將在該 等地點產生。處置這些廢物在衛生和無害方面是個問題。 更特定言之’有人已提ώ，豬隻產生之廢物多於人類 的四倍。舉例而言’已有人計晝發起-包含2_，_豬隻 之豬養殖場，其將產生等同於洛杉磯城所產生之廢物量之 廢物。北卡羅萊納州目前之豬隻數是前述數目之四倍。在 北卡羅萊納州，數百萬加余的豬糞便被排放到鄉村之事 ◎ 故，已引起人們注意涉及這些廢物之處置的問題。申請興 建大型猪養殖場之許可已被拒絕，因為對氣味和廢物處置 之擔憂。 動物廢物’包括豬廢物，傳統上係以作為液態肥料而 被散布在農地上來處置之。對於足夠大的農業地基(cr〇pped landbases)，此處置方法可被安全的進行。然而，在牲口密 度高的地區或在多個養殖場緊密聚集之地區，土地基(1311(1 base)相對較小，問題便浮現。舉例而言，過剩的營養不能 被作物吸收，便滲入地下水及地表水。 201209014 當土地無法應用，例如因土地被凍結或被水及/或營養 所飽和，則廢物必須被貯存，通常在大深坑中，伴隨著相 應的成本和環境風險。 把廢物製成堆肥也是常見的另擇土地處置做法。為了 此目的，該廢物經由使用斜面篩，有時接著使用帶(以均或 壓濾機，被分離成固態廢物與液態廢物。此等方法產生了 至多包含約30%固態物質之產量。並將之與一增量性材料 混合，以促進曝氣及適當的C : N比，並藉由堆肥方式存放 〇 於草行巾經過-段約45至60天之時間以穩定之。這個過 程可能無法確保廢物中之病原體被殺害，且草行往往有氣 味而可能會吸引來鳥類、_和#蟲。該㈣，其為總廢 物的約90%，仍必須經由土地應用來處理。 有關動物廢物之處理的挑戰，包括破壞病原體、經控 制下萃取銨與其他植物營養，以及有機物質的處置。 由David S，R0SS於1978年6月6日獲核准之美國專利 〇 4,093,544號（其整體揭露内容皆引用作為本說明書的揭示 内容）已知，移除廢水中之銨，係藉由先增加廢水之pH值， 接著透過真空釋出被吸收之錢，接著在pH值和溫度實質低 於原來之廢水的液體中吸收該被釋出之錢。 進一步由Yvette Pescher等人於1999年6月22日獲核 准之美國專利5,914,040號（其整體揭露内容皆引用作為本 說明書的揭軸容）已知，純化包含有機廢物如動物廢物 之介質，係藉由將該介質以氧化劑處理、以絮凝劑處理、 及以至少一高分子電解質處理。過濾由此獲得之流出物， 7 201209014 以提供一濾餅(filtration cake)與一濾、液。 Ο 更進一步由Van Slyke等人於2005年7月12日獲核准 之美國專利6,916,426號（其整體揭露内容皆引用作為本說 明書的揭示内容）已知，若在動物產生廢物後立即處理該 動物廢物，自動物廢物中氮、鉀與磷之萃取將實質提高。 更特定言之，已知鉀係以不可溶之尿酸鉀之形式存在於動 物廢物物質中，且在動物廢物物質中—實質量之斜得以固 體形式（即尿酸鉀）被萃取出，在微生物反應分解該尿酸 鉀而釋出鉀触於溶财。解取之尿酸雜著可列入肥 料令。當該肥料被用在土地，在土壤中的微生物會分解這 些尿酸鹽，釋放鉀和氨，然其逮率低於若這些營養被溶解 在水中而被釋放土壤中之分解速率。 又更進-步由VanSlyke等人於肅年6月19日獲核 准之美國專利7,232,〇36號（其整體揭露内 Ο =書的揭示内容)已知，使用一傾斜輸送= I、廢物可迅速地與液態廢物分離。 【發明内容】 料系目標趣__卿财機基質物肥 二:::標：;;於：_上所 及可利用水的純及方法備伐…有機基質物肥料 在此所揭露之一具體督始 經營上之_或其他動物圍攔叙至少每天一次自農業 卿固襴k集動物廢物。較佳地 201209014 態廢物係在畜棚内與液態廢物分離。該固態廢物被送至一 生質燃料乾無器。該經乾燥之固態廢物可作為生質燃料用 於系統，或如有需要，辅以處理液態廢物和其他營養之濃 縮副產物，以產生一商業上可行的有機基質物肥料。若該 固恝廢物作為生質燃料被用於系統，在將該固態廢物製粒 成一肥料之前，其結果的灰燼可被添加入固態廢物作為補 充物。若該固態廢物並無作為燃料被燃燒於系統，可使用 其他適當的生質燃料。 D 、 以化學物質處理魏態廢物來麵與絮凝，以協助解 決任何存留在液態廢物中的微粒。該等微粒接著被蒐集， 並在將該_廢物製粒成—轉之前，可被添加入該固態 廢物作為·物。在加機pH錢，將棘態廢物通 過-氣體轉移膜，以從液態廢物中消除氨。一旦該氨通過 該膜便暴露於硫酸以產生硫酸録，其在將該固態廢物製粒 成-肥料之前，亦可被添加入該固態廢物作為補充物。將 D 嶋的液態廢物通過-直接接觸蒸餾臈，以自溶解在液態 廢物令之總固體，過遽在該液態廢物中之水。該溶解之她 ，體可在將該_廢物製粒成—肥料之前，被添加入細 態廢物作為額外補充物。 以PH值調整劑處理該水滤液，並以冷卻與紫外線殺菌 2理’以產生水’其可用於沖洗畜棚和_飲水。這可顯 著減少超過50%之新鮮水的消耗量。 … f可將豬與牛廢物被處理成有機基質物肥料與可利用 之則’進仃厭氧消化作用。該廢物之厭氧消化作用結果 201209014 ' 將經由甲烧生成作用產生曱烷。可採集該曱烷並用於提供 系統之熱或能。若在厭氧消化作用前裂解該廢物中之細 胞’則甲烧之產生量可增加60%至75%。細胞裂解可透過 使用一細胞調節器來完成。 在較佳具體實施例中’該系統連續運作，旨在％小時 内處理已收集之動物廢物。該系統蒐集了一大部分之該固 態廢物以及，在因使用該固態廢物作為生質燃料而產生的 任何減損之後，該經蒐集之固態廢物係被製粒成肥料。這 〇 產生了一商業上可行的肥料，其可以出售以幫助抵消運營 成本’亦即，在其他農業經營上之營養不平衡可藉由運輸 該乾燥之經製粒之肥料至場外而矯正。由此產生的水濾液 可轉用於灌慨於農業經營者之經濟因素所決定的點，或回 收利用於畜棚供動物洗滌或飲用。該甲烷可用於供電於該 系統。 此說明說所揭露之系統與方法提供了，無論是在畜 ❹ 棚、或一連接或毗鄰到該畜棚之處理用建築物、或其他安 置牲畜之圍攔，能藉由迅速分離固體廢物與液態廢物而減 少氣味之優勢。這減少了在固態廢物中發現之尿素酶以及 在液態廢物中發現之尿素之間的接觸，從而將對人體、動 物和環境有害的氣體之釋放最小化。厭氧活動之最小化， 其發生在#見於當如正在使用之其他處理系統之長期貯存 方法，也減少了氣味和溫室氣體。農業經營能存在於更接 近市區處，從而降低了運輸牲畜至市場的成本。 此外，透過水濾液之回收利用於畜棚或其他在農業經 201209014 營上之設備’在農紐營上之耗水量可顯顧>。大規模 的農業經營也將不需要用於儲存和處理液體肥料泥聚，其 係現今用於生產肥料，之處理土地面積。能源成本也可被 減少’因伐可觀於農營的其财面之供熱或其他 能量。 在此揭露的系統與方法之額外優勢，對熟習此藝者而 言將是顯而易見的。 【實施方式】 〇 參照圖式’首先’圖式1A係一示意圖，顯示了從在農 業經營上該之動物廢物中，製備有機基㈣肥料與可利 用水之改良的系統與方法之第一具體實施例。在此實施例 中動物廢物係在-畜棚(100)中被蒐集，但在其他具體實 施例中動物廢物可在農業經營上任-處被絲。較佳地， 自畜棚(lGG)中移_動物廢物，係藉由使用—輸送帶系統 〇90)，其相似於Van Slyke等人於2007年6月19曰獲核准 Q 之美國專利7,232,036號（其之整體揭露内容皆引用作為本 4明書的揭示内容）所揭露之類型。如此可迅速分離固態 廢物與液態廢物。 在圖式1A所顯示之實施例中，該由Van Slyke等人所 揭路之輸送帶系統(丨9〇)係被使用於在該畜棚(_中迅速分 離固態廢物(102)與液態廢物(104)。該固態廢物(102)係被蒐 集在一固態廢物貯存槽(106)中，且該液態廢物(104)係被送 存槽(1Q8)。細態廢物⑼2)由該固態廢物 貝丁存槽(106)被送至一乾燥器(11〇)。某些該經乾燥之固態廢 201209014 * 物可用作-生質燃料以供電於該系統。然而，在此實施例 中，一大部分之該固態廢物(1〇2)係被製粒成—肥料，而其 他可用之生質燃料被使用在本說明書揭露之乾燥器及加熱 器之爐子作為燃料來供電於系統。 §玄液態廢物(104)係在該液態廢物貯存槽(1〇8)中被攪 動，以避免在該液態廢物(1〇4)中任何微粒之落定。當液態 廢物(104)被送至一第一澄清器(114)時，以一第一聚合體 (m)處理之。該第一聚合體(m)係一標準凝固及/或絮凝 〇 劑，其可便利地得自於化學供應公司。舉例而言，該第一 聚合體(112)可為一聚丙烯醯胺或多胺。該第一聚合體(112) 之目的係聚集在該液態廢物(1〇4)中懸浮之微粒，因此該等 微粒可更容易在該第一澄清器(114)中被落定。來自該第一 澄清裔(114)之淤潰(116)被送至一淤渣貯存槽(118)，由此接 著通過一第一加熱器(120)被送至一壓滤機(122)。來自於該 壓濾、機(122)之濾餅(124)在該乾燥器(no)中被乾燥，並被使 Q 用補充該固態廢物物質，其被製粒成一肥料。在此實施例 中，该壓濾機(122)應該能夠產生一固體物質含量至少3004 之濾餅。來自於該壓濾機(122)之濾液(126)可被再添入至該 第一澄清器(114)中用於進一步處理。 來自於該第一澄清器(114)之上清液⑴旬可被釋放出用 於灌溉，將於下文中作更詳細之討論。然而，在此實施例 中，大部分該上清液(128)於被送至一第二澄清器(134)時， 係以石灰(130)(以增加pH值）與一第二聚合體(132)處理 之。該第二聚合體(132)係一標準凝固及/或絮凝劑，其可便 12 201209014 利地得自於化學供應公司。舉例而言，該第二聚合體(132) 可為一聚丙烯醯胺或多胺。來自於該第二澄清器(134)之石 灰淤邊(135)被送至該淤渣貯存槽(118)，由此被送至該第一 加熱器(120)及壓遽機(122)。如前文所討論，來自於該壓遽 機(122)之濾餅(124)被使用補充該固態廢物物質，其被製粒 成一肥料。來自於該壓濾機(122)之濾液(126)可被再添入至 該第一澄清器(114)中用於進一步處理。 另擇地，可避開該第一澄清器(114)或甚至將之從系統 〇 中移除。來自於該液態廢物貯存槽(108)之液態廢物(1〇4)於 被送至該第一澄清器(134)時，會接著被以石灰(13〇)與該第 二聚合體(132)處理之。此會發生在，來自於該第一澄清器 (114)之上清液(128)不會被釋放用於灌溉之情形。在其他具 體實施例中’澄清器(114)與澄清器(134)可具備一撇渣器， 用於蒐集任何漂浮在液態廢物中而不會在澄清器(丨14)與澄 清器(134)中落定的物質，舉例而言，被潑灑的飼料或包含 Q 未消化飼料之腹瀉。該經蒐集的漂浮物質被送至該淤渣貯 存槽(118)用於進一步處理。亦可使用其他蒐集漂浮物質之 方法’例如溶解空氣浮除法(dissolved air flotation)或渦凹氣 浮除法(charged air flotation) 〇 將來自於該第二澄清器(134)之上清液(136)在通過一 氣萃取器(140)之前，先通過一第二加熱器(138)。在某些例 子’可將該上清液(136)在通過該氨萃取器(140)之前，先過 濾；特別是，若該上清液(136)包含固體微粒。該固體微粒 接著會被送回該淤渣貯存槽(118)用於進一步處理。在此實 13 201209014 施例中，該氨萃取器（140)包含一系列氣體傳遞膜(gag transfer membrane)(142a)、（142b)與(142c)，其可使氨氣體傳 遞並接觸在膜之另一側之硫酸(150)，並結合產生硫酸錄 (146)與水溶液(148)。在其他具體實施例中，可使用其他的 氨萃取方法’且可產生其他的銨鹽’例如硝酸録。該錢鹽 可被使用補充該固態廢物物質，其被製粒成一肥料。該水 溶液(148)可被釋放出用於灌溉，將於下文中作更詳細之討 論。然而’在此實施例中’大部分該水溶液(148)係以硫酸 〇 (150)處理之以使PH值正常化’且該水溶液(148)與硫酸錢 (146)皆被通過一第三加熱器(152)。 該水溶液(148)在被加熱之後’被通過直接接觸式蒸館 膜(154a)與(154b)，或任何其他系統如奈米管過濾系統，其 可使奴用水通過δ亥膜。此等系統典型為，加熱一溶液造成 水從溫暖的一端蒸發通過膜，而與一較冷之溶液凝結在冷 的那一端。一適合的直接接觸式蒸餾膜的實施例，係被揭 ◎ 露於Sirkar等人於2006年7月26曰申請美國專利申請案 公開號2006/0076294 A1號（其之整體揭露内容皆引用作為 本說明書的揭示内容）。該直接接觸式蒸館膜(154a)與(154b) 將該水溶液(148)分離成濃縮溶解之固體或濃縮物(156)以及 飲用水濾液(158)。該濃縮物(156)係被使用補充該固態廢物 物質’其被製粒成一肥料。該飲用水濾液(158)在循環回歸 至製畜棚(100)中做為沖洗或飲用之還歸水(丨64)之前，先在 一滅菌器(160)中被暴露至紫外光，並通過一冷卻器(162)。 所欲者為’還歸水(164)含有低於3,〇〇〇 ppm之總溶解固體。 201209014 參照回該IS態廢物(1G2) ’該乾燥器⑽)降低了該固態 廢物(102)、遽餅(124) ’與濃縮物⑴句之潮濕度至一適於製 粒的程度。暖戯氣與灰塵之乾制廢氣被送至—灰塵冤 集器(166) ’其分離出將被送回用於製粒之固態廢物之灰 塵’同Mfs亥空氣流在被釋放出為空氣(17〇)之前，送至一 生物過遽器(168)，以進-步凝結濕氣並減少氣味^來自於 生物過濾器之凝結液(172)可被再送入該第二澄清器(134)用 於進一步處理。 若有任何經乾燥之固態廢物被用作生質燃料以供電於 系統’該灰爐(Π4)亦可被使用補充該固態廢物物質，其被 製粒成一肥料。同樣地，來自任何生質燃料之灰燼皆可被 使用補充該固態廢物物質，其被製粒成一肥料。其他外來 補充(176)亦可被使用補充該固態廢物物質，其被製粒成一 對於市場而言具較佳平衡之肥料。該補充的乾燥固態廢物 係在一製粒器(178)中被製粒及冷卻。該經製粒之肥料可存 放於一就地貯藏所(180)。 如圖式1B所示，圖式1A之系統亦可配備細胞調節器 (186)與厭氧消化器(188)以使曱烧(192)產生。固態廢物(1〇2) 從該固態廢物貯存槽(106)被送至該細胞調節器(186)。可添 加水至該固態廢物(102)中以促進運輸與消化。在此實施例 中，3亥細胞调郎器（186)使用” OpenCEL® Focused Pulse Technology，其可由 〇pencel，LLC(地址為 315 Park Avenue， Glencoe，Illinois，60022 )獲得。該細胞調節器(186)經由細胞 裂解作用裂解該固態廢物(102)中之細胞膜。此使得該固態 15 201209014 廢物(102)中之有機物質較容易被生物降解，並改善了生質 轉為能源之效率。〇penCd，LLC估計，生物氣體之生成可 增加60%至75%。 在細胞裂解作用後，該固態廢物(1〇2)從該細胞調節器 (186)被送至該厭氧消化器(188)。厭氧消化器為習知技術， 因此在本說明書中並不詳述該厭氧消化器(188)。該固態廢 物(1〇2)在該厭氧消化器(188)中經受曱烷生成作用，以產生 甲烷(192)與一濕副產物(194)。該甲烷(192)可用作燃料以供 〇 電於系統’包含加熱該厭氧消化器⑽)。當該濕副產物(194) 被送至該壓濾機(122)時，以一第三聚合體(196)處理之。該 第一 I合體(196)係一標準凝固及/或絮凝劑，其可便利地得 自於化學供應公司。舉例而言，該第三聚合體(196)可為一 聚丙婦酿胺或多胺。該壓濾機(122)按壓該水副產物成滤餅 (124)及濾、液(126)，其等被進一步處理，如上文所述。 參照圖式2A，其係一示意圖，顯示了從在農業經營上 Q 蒐集之動物廢物中，製備有機基質物肥料與可利用水之改 良的系統與方法之第二具體實施例。在圖式2中’與圖式i 中同樣的元件被賦予同樣的參考編號，除了在圖式2中之 參考編5虎為200糸列而非1〇〇系列，亦即，在圖式1中，， 畜棚”被賦予參考編號1〇〇而在圖式2中為參考編號2〇〇。 相似的，乾燥器在圖式1中被賦予參考編號11()而在 圖式2中為參考編號210。 在圖式2A中顯示之實施例中，動物廢物係以刮或沖一 畜棚(200)的水溝之方式來荒集。此產生可能包含塾草或多 16 201209014 纖維成分的固態廢物與液態廢物之漿體(201)。將該漿體 (201)通過一離心切碎泵(ch〇pper pump)(2〇3)以促進同質。該 經策集㈣體(2G1)係在體貯存槽(2〇5)巾被貯存與授 動’以避免任何錄之紋。該漿體接著被通過一加熱器 (2〇7)，並在被送至一壓濾機(222)時，以一聚合體(296)處理 之。該聚合體(296)係一標準凝固及/或絮凝劑，其可便利地 得自於化學供應公司。舉例而言，該聚合體(296)可為一聚 丙烯醯胺或多胺。該聚合體之目的係聚集在該漿體(2〇5)中 〇 懸浮之微粒，因此該等微粒可更容易在該壓濾機(222)中被 處理。 來自於壓濾機(222)之濾餅(224)係被送至一乾燥器 (210)，並以實質上相似於描述於上文、本說明書所揭露之 系統與方法的第一具體實施例中處理固態廢物(1〇2)的方法 來處理之。 來自於壓濾機(222)之濾液(226)係被送至一第一澄清器 q (214) ’或另擇地’被送回至該漿體貯存槽(205)以幫助壓遽 機運作，或回至該畜棚(200)作為沖洗容積之替代物。若該 濾液被送至該第一澄清器(214) ’則以實質上相似於描述於 上文、本說明書所揭露之系統與方法的第一具體實施例十 處理液態廢物(104)的方法來處理之。 如圖式2B所示，圖式2A之系統亦可裝備細胞調節器 (286)與厭氧消化器(288)以使甲烧(292)產生。 本說明書揭露之二具體實施例中，該上清液(128)或 (228)在通過該第一澄清器(114)或(214)之後，可自系統中經 17 201209014 由一流出口(182)或(282)被釋放出用於灌慨。其產生一具有 低懸浮固體與氮含量之液態肥料，其為某些農作物所欲。 該水溶液(148)或(248)在被通過氨萃取器(14〇)或(240)後，亦 可被釋放出用於灌规。藉由變化流出口(184)或(284)之位置 至第三加熱器(152)或(252)後之某點，該水溶液(148)或(248) 之加熱程度可被改變。此亦產生一具有低懸浮固體與氮含 量之液態肥料，其為某些農作物所欲。 因此，本說明書所揭露之系統提供了一個多步驟的實 〇 夤閉$衣系統，其提供了一經營者對農業經營的靈活性。來 自於固態廢物之營養可被包裝成易於運送及銷售的形式。 然而’該系統亦可使液態廢物有多樣用途。 若一經營者想要具所有經溶解之營養及最少懸浮固體 的灌规水，則該上清液(128)或(228)在通過該第一澄清器 (114)或(214)之後，將被排掉。 右經·營者想要不具氣及某些經溶解之營養的灌j既 ❹水’則該水溶液(148)或(248)在以硫酸(150)或(250)將pH正 常化之後，將被排掉。在此情形，硫酸(15〇)或(25〇)、石灰 (130)或(230)與該第二聚合體(丨32)或(232)之劑量可被改 變，以符合經營者所需的pH值。這會提供一硫酸銨之液態 肥料副產物’其可被該經營者使用或出售以抵銷營運成本。 若該經營者想要給動物飲用或沖洗用水，則來自於直 接接觸式蒸餾膜之濾液(158)或(258)應具有可接受程度的病 原體。然而’作為預防措施，進一步在滅菌器(16〇)或(26〇) 中使用紫外光對濾液(158)或(258)殺菌。又，既然動物較喜 18 201209014 歡涼的飲用水，該濾液(158)或(258)在回歸至製畜棚(100) 或(2〇〇)中做為還歸水(164)或(264)之前，亦被通過冷卻器 (162)或(262) 〇 圖式1A與1B中之具體實施例中，在處理該固態廢物 (1〇2)之期㈤’處理該液態廢物(104)之副產物被送回系統， 為了保存營養並避免其他處置方法。 本技#f領域中熟習此藝者將了解，上文所提供之許多 細節，係僅供例示之用，並無意圖限制本發明之範圍，其 Ο 可參照下述申請專利範圍而定之。 【圖式簡單說明】 由以下本發明所提供之較佳具體實施例的說明（其僅 作為例不）及參考所附圖式，將更加容易理解本發明。其 中： ’、 圖式1A係-示意圖，顯示了從在農業經營上之畜棚内 輸送帶荒集之動物廢物中’製備有機基質物肥料與可利用 水之改m贿雜之帛—赌實施做以及 ϋ式1B係-示意圖’顯示了圖式1A2具體實施例， 其進一步包含—細胞觸器與厭氧消化器，以生產甲烧； 圖式2A係-示意圖，顯示了從在農業經營上以刮或沖 之方式荒集之動物廢物中’製備有機基質物肥料與可利用 水之改良m與#法之第二具體實施例;以及 圖式況係一示意圖，顯示了圖式2A之具體實施例， 其進-步包含-細胞調節器與厭氧消化器，以生產甲烧。 201209014 * 烧0201209014 ' VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a method for preparing an organic-based fertilizer, in particular, 'prepared from animal waste in a closed loop system for water storage-organic substrate The method of fertilizer. [Prior Art] In the modern agricultural practice towel, in a single-site use-agricultural management, hundreds or even thousands of livestock, such as the hard-to-bovine secret _ _ food operation 6 becomes common. Gj, waste will be produced at these locations. Disposal of these wastes is a problem in terms of hygiene and harmlessness. More specifically, it has been suggested that pigs produce more than four times as much waste as humans. For example, it has been initiated by a pig farm that contains 2_, _ pigs, which will produce waste equivalent to the amount of waste generated by the city of Los Angeles. The current number of pigs in North Carolina is four times the aforementioned number. In North Carolina, millions of extra pig manure were discharged into the countryside. ◎ Therefore, attention has been paid to the disposal of these wastes. The license to apply for the construction of a large pig farm has been rejected because of concerns about the disposal of odours and waste. Animal waste, including pig waste, has traditionally been disposed of as a liquid fertilizer on agricultural land for disposal. For sufficiently large agricultural bases (cr〇pped landbases), this disposal method can be carried out safely. However, in areas with high animal density or in areas where multiple farms are closely clustered, the ground base (1311 (1 base) is relatively small, and problems arise. For example, excess nutrients cannot be absorbed by crops and penetrate into groundwater. And surface water 201209014 When land is unusable, for example because the land is frozen or saturated with water and/or nutrients, the waste must be stored, usually in large pits, with associated costs and environmental risks. Composting is also a common alternative land disposal practice. For this purpose, the waste is separated into solid waste and liquid waste by using a beveled screen, sometimes with a belt (either a homogenizer or a filter press). Contains about 30% of the solid material yield and mixes it with a bulking material to promote aeration and proper C:N ratio, and is stored by composting on a straw towel. Section -45 to 60 The time of day is stable. This process may not ensure that the pathogens in the waste are killed, and the grass is often smelly and may attract birds, _ and #虫. (4), which is total waste About 90% of the material must still be disposed of through land use. Challenges related to the treatment of animal waste include destruction of pathogens, controlled extraction of ammonium and other plant nutrients, and disposal of organic matter. by David S, R0SS in 1978 U.S. Patent No. 4,093,544 issued toK.S. The absorbed money is then absorbed in the liquid having a pH and temperature substantially lower than the original waste water. Further U.S. Patent No. 5,914,040, issued on June 22, 1999 by Yvette Pescher et al. The entire disclosure is incorporated herein by reference. It is known to purify a medium containing organic waste, such as animal waste, by treating the medium with an oxidant, treating with a flocculant, and treating with at least one polymer electrolyte. The effluent thus obtained is filtered, 7 201209014 to provide a filtration cake with a filter, liquid. Ο Further by Van Slyke et al. U.S. Patent No. 6,916,426, issued July 12, 2005, the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire entire disclosure The extraction of phosphorus will increase substantially. More specifically, it is known that potassium is present in animal waste materials in the form of insoluble potassium urate, and in animal waste materials - the solid mass is in solid form (ie potassium urate) It is extracted, decomposes the potassium urate in the microbial reaction and releases potassium to dissolve the money. The uric acid miscellaneous can be included in the fertilizer order. When the fertilizer is used in the land, the microorganisms in the soil will decompose these urates. , releasing potassium and ammonia, the rate of decomposition is lower than the rate of decomposition in the soil released if these nutrients are dissolved in water. Further, it is known that Van Slyke et al., U.S. Patent No. 7,232, No. 36, which was approved by Jun Slyke et al., on June 19, the entire disclosure of which is known as the disclosure of the book, uses a tilting conveyor = I, waste can be used. Quickly separate from liquid waste. [Summary of the Invention] The target of the material is interesting __Qingcai machine matrix fertilizer II:::standard:;; on: _ on the water and the pure and method of water can be used for preparation... organic substrate fertilizer is disclosed here The specific supervision of the operation of the _ or other animal enclosures at least once a day from the agricultural clerk. Preferably, the 201209014 state waste is separated from the liquid waste in the barn. The solid waste is sent to a raw fuel dryer. The dried solid waste can be used as a biomass fuel in the system or, if desired, supplemented with concentrated by-products of liquid waste and other nutrients to produce a commercially viable organic matrix fertilizer. If the solid waste is used as a biomass fuel in the system, the resulting ash can be added to the solid waste as a supplement before the solid waste is granulated into a fertilizer. If the solid waste is not burned into the system as a fuel, other suitable biomass fuels may be used. D. Treatment of Wei state waste with chemical substances to cope and flocculate to help solve any particulates remaining in liquid waste. The particles are then collected and added to the solid waste as a substance before the waste is granulated. At the pH of the machine, the spine waste is passed through a gas transfer membrane to remove ammonia from the liquid waste. Once the ammonia is passed through the membrane, it is exposed to sulfuric acid to produce a sulfuric acid record which can also be added to the solid waste as a supplement prior to granulating the solid waste into a fertilizer. The liquid waste of D 通过 is passed through the direct contact with the hydrazine to self-dissolve the total solids in the liquid waste and the water in the liquid waste. The dissolved one, the body can be added to the fine waste as an additional supplement before the waste is granulated into fertilizer. The water filtrate is treated with a pH adjuster and sterilized by cooling and ultraviolet ray to produce water which can be used to rinse the shed and _ drinking water. This can significantly reduce the consumption of fresh water by more than 50%. ... f can be used to treat pig and cattle waste into organic substrate fertilizers and can be used for anaerobic digestion. The anaerobic digestion results of the waste 201209014 'The decane will be produced via the formation of the formazan. The decane can be collected and used to provide heat or energy to the system. If the cells in the waste are lysed prior to anaerobic digestion, the amount of smoldering can be increased by 60% to 75%. Cell lysis can be accomplished using a cell regulator. In a preferred embodiment, the system operates continuously to treat the collected animal waste within a few hours. The system collects a large portion of the solid waste and, after any damage resulting from the use of the solid waste as a biomass fuel, the collected solid waste is granulated into fertilizer. This produces a commercially viable fertilizer that can be sold to help offset operating costs. That is, nutritional imbalances in other agricultural operations can be corrected by transporting the dried granulated fertilizer to the off-site. The resulting water filtrate can be diverted to the point determined by the economic factors of the agricultural operator or recycled for use in the shed for animal washing or drinking. This methane can be used to power the system. This description provides that the disclosed system and method provide for rapid separation of solid waste and whether it is in a shed, or a treatment building connected or adjacent to the shed, or other enclosure for placing livestock. Liquid waste reduces the advantage of odor. This reduces the contact between urease found in solid waste and urea found in liquid waste, thereby minimizing the release of gases harmful to humans, animals and the environment. The minimization of anaerobic activity, which occurs in the long-term storage methods of other processing systems as used, also reduces odor and greenhouse gases. Agricultural operations can exist closer to the urban area, reducing the cost of transporting livestock to the market. In addition, the water consumption through the recycling of water filtrate in the barn or other equipment in the agricultural camp 201209014 'the water consumption in the agricultural camp can be noticed>. Large-scale agricultural operations will also not require the storage and processing of liquid fertilizers, which are used today to produce fertilizers that treat land area. Energy costs can also be reduced by the fact that the crops are rich in heat or other energy in the face of the farm. Additional advantages of the systems and methods disclosed herein will be apparent to those skilled in the art. [Embodiment] 〇 Referring to the figure 'First', Figure 1A is a schematic diagram showing the first specific system and method for preparing organic-based (four) fertilizer and available water from animal waste in agricultural management. Example. In this embodiment the animal waste is collected in a barn (100), but in other embodiments the animal waste can be used in agricultural operations. Preferably, the animal waste is transferred from the barn (lGG) by using a conveyor belt system (〇90), which is similar to the US Patent 7,232,036 approved by Van Slyke et al. on June 19, 2007. (The entire disclosure is cited as the type disclosed in the disclosure of this book 4). This allows for the rapid separation of solid waste and liquid waste. In the embodiment shown in Figure 1A, the conveyor belt system (丨9〇) disclosed by Van Slyke et al. is used to rapidly separate solid waste (102) from liquid waste in the barn (_). (104) The solid waste (102) is collected in a solid waste storage tank (106), and the liquid waste (104) is sent to the storage tank (1Q8). The fine waste (9) 2) is from the solid waste The Ding Sink (106) is sent to a dryer (11 〇). Some of the dried solid waste 201209014* can be used as a biomass fuel to power the system. However, in this embodiment, a large portion of the solid waste (1〇2) is granulated into a fertilizer, and other usable biomass fuels are used in the oven of the dryer and heater disclosed in the present specification. Fuel is used to power the system. § The jumbo liquid waste (104) is agitated in the liquid waste storage tank (1〇8) to avoid any particles in the liquid waste (1〇4). When the liquid waste (104) is sent to a first clarifier (114), it is treated as a first polymer (m). The first polymer (m) is a standard solidification and/or flocculating agent which is conveniently obtained from a chemical supply company. For example, the first polymer (112) can be a polyacrylamide or a polyamine. The purpose of the first polymer (112) is to collect particles suspended in the liquid waste (1〇4), so that the particles can be more easily settled in the first clarifier (114). The sludge (116) from the first clarified person (114) is sent to a sludge storage tank (118), which is then sent to a filter press (122) through a first heater (120). The filter cake (124) from the press filter, machine (122) is dried in the dryer (no) and is used to replenish the solid waste material, which is granulated into a fertilizer. In this embodiment, the filter press (122) should be capable of producing a filter cake having a solids content of at least 3004. The filtrate (126) from the filter press (122) can be reintroduced into the first clarifier (114) for further processing. The supernatant (1) from the first clarifier (114) can be released for irrigation, as will be discussed in more detail below. However, in this embodiment, a majority of the supernatant (128) is sent to a second clarifier (134) with lime (130) (to increase pH) and a second polymer ( 132) Handling it. The second polymer (132) is a standard coagulation and/or flocculant which is conveniently available from the Chemical Supply Company on 12 201209014. For example, the second polymer (132) can be a polyacrylamide or a polyamine. The ash ash (135) from the second clarifier (134) is sent to the sludge storage tank (118) where it is sent to the first heater (120) and the compressor (122). As discussed above, the filter cake (124) from the compressor (122) is used to supplement the solid waste material which is granulated into a fertilizer. The filtrate (126) from the filter press (122) can be reintroduced into the first clarifier (114) for further processing. Alternatively, the first clarifier (114) can be avoided or even removed from the system 〇. The liquid waste (1〇4) from the liquid waste storage tank (108) is then sent to the first clarifier (134), followed by lime (13〇) and the second polymer (132). Handle it. This can occur when the supernatant (128) from the first clarifier (114) is not released for irrigation. In other embodiments, the 'clarifier (114) and clarifier (134) may be provided with a skimmer for collecting any floating in liquid waste without being in the clarifier (丨14) and the clarifier (134) A substance that is settled, for example, a spilled feed or diarrhea containing Q undigested feed. The collected floating material is sent to the sludge storage tank (118) for further processing. Other methods of collecting floating material, such as dissolved air flotation or charged air flotation, may also be used to remove supernatant from the second clarifier (134) (136) A second heater (138) is passed through the first gas extractor (140). In some instances, the supernatant (136) may be filtered prior to passing through the ammonia extractor (140); in particular, if the supernatant (136) contains solid particulates. The solid particles are then returned to the sludge storage tank (118) for further processing. In the embodiment of 201213,090, the ammonia extractor (140) comprises a series of gag transfer membranes (142a), (142b) and (142c) which allow ammonia gas to pass and contact the membrane. The other side of the sulfuric acid (150), and combined with the production of sulfuric acid recorded (146) and aqueous solution (148). In other embodiments, other ammonia extraction methods can be used and other ammonium salts can be produced, such as nitric acid. The money salt can be used to supplement the solid waste material, which is granulated into a fertilizer. The aqueous solution (148) can be released for irrigation and will be discussed in more detail below. However, 'in this embodiment, most of the aqueous solution (148) is treated with barium sulfate (150) to normalize the pH' and both the aqueous solution (148) and the sulfuric acid (146) are passed through a third heating. (152). The aqueous solution (148) is passed through a direct contact vaporization membrane (154a) and (154b), or any other system, such as a nanotube filtration system, which allows the slave to pass through the membrane. Typically, such systems heat a solution causing water to evaporate from the warm end through the membrane and condense with a cooler solution at the cold end. An example of a suitable direct contact distillation membrane is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0076294 A1, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. The disclosure of the manual). The direct contact steaming membranes (154a) and (154b) separate the aqueous solution (148) into a concentrated dissolved solid or concentrate (156) and a drinking water filtrate (158). The concentrate (156) is used to supplement the solid waste material' which is granulated into a fertilizer. The drinking water filtrate (158) is exposed to ultraviolet light in a sterilizer (160) and passed through a sterilizer (160) before being returned to the livestock shed (100) for rinsing or drinking. A cooler (162). Anyone who wants to return to water (164) contains less than 3, 〇〇〇 ppm of total dissolved solids. 201209014 Referring back to the IS state waste (1G2) 'the dryer (10)) reduces the wetness of the solid waste (102), the cake (124)' and the concentrate (1) to a degree suitable for granulation. The dry exhaust gas of warmth and dust is sent to the dust collector (166) 'which separates the dust that will be sent back to the solid waste used for granulation' with the Mfs Hai air stream being released as air ( 17〇), before being sent to a biological filter (168) to further condense moisture and reduce odor. The condensate (172) from the biofilter can be re-sent into the second clarifier (134) For further processing. If any dried solid waste is used as a raw fuel to power the system, the ash furnace (Π4) can also be used to replenish the solid waste material, which is granulated into a fertilizer. Similarly, ash from any biomass fuel can be used to supplement the solid waste material, which is granulated into a fertilizer. Other external supplements (176) can also be used to supplement the solid waste material, which is granulated into a fertilizer that is better balanced for the market. The supplemental dry solid waste is granulated and cooled in a granulator (178). The granulated fertilizer can be stored in an in situ storage (180). As shown in Figure 1B, the system of Figure 1A can also be equipped with a cell regulator (186) and an anaerobic digester (188) to produce the sputum (192). Solid waste (1〇2) is sent from the solid waste storage tank (106) to the cell regulator (186). Water can be added to the solid waste (102) to facilitate transportation and digestion. In this embodiment, the 3H Cell Conditioner (186) uses "OpenCEL® Focused Pulse Technology, which is available from 〇pencel, LLC (Address 315 Park Avenue, Glencoe, Illinois, 60022). The Cell Regulator (186) The cell membrane in the solid waste (102) is cleaved by cell lysis. This makes the organic matter in the solid 15 201209014 waste (102) more susceptible to biodegradation and improves the efficiency of conversion of biomass into energy. 〇penCd, LLC estimates that biogas production can be increased by 60% to 75%. After cell lysis, the solid waste (1〇2) is sent from the cell regulator (186) to the anaerobic digester (188). The oxygen digester is a conventional technique, and thus the anaerobic digester (188) is not detailed in this specification. The solid waste (1〇2) is subjected to decane generation in the anaerobic digester (188), To produce methane (192) and a wet by-product (194). The methane (192) can be used as a fuel for charging the system 'including heating the anaerobic digester (10)). When the wet by-product (194) is When sent to the filter press (122), it is treated with a third polymer (196). The first I complex (196) is a standard solidification and/or flocculating agent which is conveniently obtained from a chemical supply company. For example, the third polymer (196) can be a polyacrylamide or polyamine. The filter press (122) presses the water by-product into a filter cake (124) and a filtrate, a liquid (126), which are further processed as described above. Referring to Figure 2A, it is a schematic view showing A second embodiment of a system and method for preparing an organic substrate fertilizer and an improved water from animal waste collected in agricultural management. In Figure 2, the same elements as in the formula i are given The same reference number, except for the reference in Figure 2, is that the tiger is 200 糸 instead of the 〇〇 series, that is, in Figure 1, the barn is given the reference number 1 〇〇 In Equation 2, the reference number is 2〇〇. Similarly, the dryer is assigned reference numeral 11() in Figure 1 and reference numeral 210 in Figure 2. In the embodiment shown in Figure 2A, animal waste is discarded by scraping or rinsing the gutter of a barn (200). This produces a slurry of solid waste and liquid waste that may contain valerian or more 16 201209014 fiber components (201). The slurry (201) was passed through a centrifugal pump (2〇3) to promote homogeneity. The set (4) body (2G1) is stored and authorized in the body storage tank (2〇5) to avoid any recorded marks. The slurry is then passed through a heater (2〇7) and treated as a polymer (296) when it is sent to a filter press (222). The polymer (296) is a standard setting and/or flocculating agent which is conveniently obtained from a chemical supply company. For example, the polymer (296) can be a polyacrylamide or a polyamine. The purpose of the polymer is to collect the suspended particles in the slurry (2〇5) so that the particles can be more easily treated in the filter press (222). The filter cake (224) from the filter press (222) is sent to a dryer (210) and is substantially similar to the first embodiment of the system and method described above, as disclosed herein. Process the solid waste (1〇2) to handle it. The filtrate (226) from the filter press (222) is sent to a first clarifier q (214) 'or alternatively' is sent back to the slurry storage tank (205) to assist the compressor operation. Or return to the barn (200) as a replacement for the flush volume. If the filtrate is sent to the first clarifier (214)', the method of treating liquid waste (104) is substantially similar to the first embodiment described above in the system and method disclosed herein. Handle it. As shown in Figure 2B, the system of Figure 2A can also be equipped with a cell regulator (286) and an anaerobic digester (288) to produce a burn (292). In a specific embodiment disclosed in the present specification, the supernatant (128) or (228) may pass through the first clarifier (114) or (214), and may be exported from the system via the 17 201209014 by the first-class outlet (182). Or (282) is released for engraftment. It produces a liquid fertilizer with low suspended solids and nitrogen content, which is desirable for certain crops. The aqueous solution (148) or (248) may also be released for irrigation after being passed through an ammonia extractor (14A) or (240). The degree of heating of the aqueous solution (148) or (248) can be varied by varying the position of the outlet (184) or (284) to a point after the third heater (152) or (252). This also produces a liquid fertilizer with low suspended solids and nitrogen content which is desirable for certain crops. Thus, the system disclosed in this specification provides a multi-step, practical system that provides the operator with flexibility in agricultural operations. Nutrition from solid waste can be packaged in a form that is easy to transport and sell. However, the system also allows liquid waste to be used in a variety of applications. If an operator wants to have all dissolved nutrients and minimal suspended solids, the supernatant (128) or (228) will pass through the first clarifier (114) or (214). Was drained. If the right cultivator wants to have no gas and some dissolved nutrients, then the aqueous solution (148) or (248) will normalize the pH with sulfuric acid (150) or (250). Was drained. In this case, the dose of sulfuric acid (15〇) or (25〇), lime (130) or (230) and the second polymer (丨32) or (232) can be varied to meet the needs of the operator. pH value. This would provide a liquid fertilizer by-product of ammonium sulphate, which can be used or sold by the operator to offset operating costs. If the operator wants to drink or rinse water for the animal, the filtrate (158) or (258) from the direct contact distillation membrane should have an acceptable level of pathogen. However, as a precaution, the filtrate (158) or (258) is further sterilized using ultraviolet light in a sterilizer (16 Torr) or (26 Torr). Moreover, since the animal prefers the refreshing drinking water of 18 201209014, the filtrate (158) or (258) is returned to the livestock shed (100) or (2〇〇) as returning water (164) or (264). Previously, it was also passed through the cooler (162) or (262) in the specific examples in Figures 1A and 1B, during the processing of the solid waste (1〇2) (5) 'Processing the liquid waste (104) By-products are returned to the system in order to preserve nutrients and avoid other disposal methods. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the details of the present invention are intended to be illustrative only and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be more readily understood from the following description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, which are illustrated by the accompanying drawings. Among them: ', Figure 1A is a schematic diagram showing the implementation of the preparation of organic substrate fertilizer and the use of water in the animal waste in the livestock shed in the agricultural operation. Do and ϋ1B-schematic diagrams show a specific embodiment of Figure 1A2, which further comprises a cell contactor and an anaerobic digester to produce a smoldering; Figure 2A is a schematic view showing the agricultural operation a second specific embodiment of the method for preparing an organic substrate fertilizer and a usable water in the animal waste that is scraped or washed away; and a schematic diagram showing the specific pattern of the pattern 2A In an embodiment, the step-by-step comprises a cell regulator and an anaerobic digester to produce a ketone. 201209014 * Burning 0
【主要元件符號說明】 100 畜棚 102 固態廢物 104 液態廢物 106 固態廢物貯存槽 108 液態廢物貯存槽 110 乾燥器 112 第一聚合體 114 第一澄清器 116 淤渣 118 淤渣貯存槽 120 第一加熱器 122 壓濾機 124 濾餅 126 遽液 128 上清液 130 石灰 132 第二聚合體 134 第二澄清器 135 石灰淤渣 136 上清液 138 第二加熱器 140 氨萃取器 20 201209014 ' 142¾ 142b，142c氣體傳遞膜 146硫酸 148水溶液 150硫酸 152第三加熱器 154a, 154b 直接接觸式蒸餾膜 156濃縮物 158濾液[Main component symbol description] 100 barn 102 solid waste 104 liquid waste 106 solid waste storage tank 108 liquid waste storage tank 110 dryer 112 first polymer 114 first clarifier 116 sludge 118 sludge storage tank 120 first heating Filter 122 filter press 124 filter cake 126 mash 128 supernatant 130 lime 132 second polymer 134 second clarifier 135 lime sludge 136 supernatant 138 second heater 140 ammonia extractor 20 201209014 ' 1423⁄4 142b, 142c gas transfer membrane 146 sulfuric acid 148 aqueous solution 150 sulfuric acid 152 third heater 154a, 154b direct contact distillation membrane 156 concentrate 158 filtrate
160滅菌器 162冷卻器 164還歸水 166灰塵蒐集器 168生物過濾器 170空氣 172凝結液 174灰燼 176補充 178製粒器 180就地貯藏所 182流出口 184流出口 186細胞調節器 188厭氧消化器 190輸送帶系統 21 201209014 ' 192甲烷 194濕副產物 196第三聚合體 200畜棚 201漿體 203離心切碎泵 205漿體貯存槽 207加熱器 Ο 210乾燥器 214第一澄清器 216淤渣 218淤渣貯存槽 220第一加熱器 222壓濾機 224濾餅 226遽液 228上清液 230石灰 232第二聚合體 234第二澄清器 236上清液 238第二加熱器 240氨萃取器 242¾ 242b, 242c氣體傳遞膜 22 201209014 244硫酸 246硫酸銨 248水溶液 250硫酸 252第三加熱器 254a, 254b 直接接觸式蒸餾膜160 sterilizer 162 cooler 164 also water 166 dust collector 168 biological filter 170 air 172 condensate 174 ash 176 supplement 178 granulator 180 in situ storage 182 outlet 184 outlet 186 cell regulator 188 anaerobic digestion 190 conveyor belt system 21 201209014 '192 methane 194 wet byproduct 196 third polymer 200 barn 201 slurry 203 centrifugal chopping pump 205 slurry storage tank 207 heater Ο 210 dryer 214 first clarifier 216 sludge 218 sludge storage tank 220 first heater 222 filter press 224 filter cake 226 遽 liquid 228 supernatant 230 lime 232 second polymer 234 second clarifier 236 supernatant 238 second heater 240 ammonia extractor 2423⁄4 242b, 242c gas transfer membrane 22 201209014 244 sulfuric acid 246 ammonium sulfate 248 aqueous solution 250 sulfuric acid 252 third heater 254a, 254b direct contact distillation membrane
256 濃縮物 258 濾液 260 滅菌器 262 冷卻器 264 還歸水 266 灰塵蒐集器 268 生物過濾、器 270 空氣 272 凝結液 274 灰燼 276 補充 278 製粒器 280 就地貯藏所 282 流出口 284 流出口 286 細胞調節器 288 厭氧消化器 292 甲烷 23 201209014 294 濕副產物 聚合體 296256 Concentrate 258 Filtrate 260 Sterilizer 262 Cooler 264 Still water 266 Dust collector 268 Biological filter, 270 Air 272 Condensate 274 Ash 276 Supplement 278 Granulator 280 In-situ storage 282 Outlet 284 Outlet 286 Cells Regulator 288 Anaerobic Digester 292 Methane 23 201209014 294 Wet Byproduct Polymer 296