201208804 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 β、本發明係關於—種誤差補償裝置’尤指-種用於導螺 才干進給軸熱的誤差補償裝置。 ’、 【先前技術】 按’目前的精密工具機大都採用數控電腦進行高速控 制而有效率的精密切削加工，因此，既有精密工具機的； 作台主要係藉由導螺桿的值叙 _ — 的傳動而進订工作台位置的高速精 在疋位、、中當工作台高速往復位移的頻率相當頻繁 由於導螺桿進給軸在螺帽中係以旋轉的方式驅動該螺帽， 彼此間所產生的磨擦阻力，使得長久使用下的導螺桿產生 相當兩的溫度’而此高溫將使導螺桿產生熱脹冷縮的效 應，目前為了解決導螺桿進給轴於使用時所產生的高溫問 題’其中-種方式係在導螺桿中或螺帽中形成一…士 構’並在Μ μ❹以―冷卻油，藉以降低導螺= 螺帽的溫度進而減少熱脹冷縮的影響，另一種方式則是在 進給軸上安裝一受熱脹冷縮影響小的光學尺，使工作：的 位移係依據該光學尺的量測，藉以獲得不受溫度影響:精 確位移’然而’前述解決進給轴高溫影響的方式中，前者 的考慮於進口轴中鑽孔的漏油問題與複雜的管路問題，而 後者則因光干尺本身成本南且會增加機構配置的複雜性， 相對會提高工具機的整體成本及製造複雜度； 再則，目前也有透過在導螺桿的螺帽上裝設一溫度感 應器的方式，藉由此螺帽的溫度變化來預測導螺桿進給軸 本身的熱誤差數值再傳輸到機台的控制器中，由該控释] 4 201208804 f進行進給軸的熱誤差補償，然而’此種方式的缺點是螺 帽的溫度僅能顯現出局部位置的螺帽溫度變化，而導螺桿 本身具有相當的長度，且導螺桿在整個長度田: ^佈在運作時是相當不均句的，所以藉由螺帽所量測= ，皿度逢化與整個導螺桿的溫度變化不一定具有線性關係， 因此不-定具有可靠的代表性，由此可知，藉由量測螺帽 j度作為導螺桿進給軸的熱誤差補償技術的補償精度與可 靠度較差； 另外，如我國專利號M358692「螺桿熱伸長補償裝 置」，#主要係在導螺桿進給軸的浮動軸承端裝設有—非 接觸式的位移感測器，透過該位移感測器對於導螺桿進給 軸在/于動軸承端的熱伸長量進行量測，將該量測取得的數 據傳至§亥控制器，此量測方式雖較前述使用螺帽溫度作為 補償信號的技術較為準被 . ㈣為車確，但仍存在—些問題，目前滾珠 進給軸兩端軸承的安裝方式大致可分為雙固定式201208804 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] β, the present invention relates to an error compensating device, particularly an error compensating device for guiding a shaft feed axis heat. ', 【Previous technology】 According to the current precision machine tools, most of them use CNC computer for high-speed control and efficient precision machining. Therefore, there are both precision machine tools. The main stage is the value of the lead screw. The high speed precision of the position of the worktable is in the clamp position, and the frequency of the high-speed reciprocating displacement of the worktable is quite frequent. Since the lead screw feed shaft rotates the nut in the nut, the mutual screw is used. The resulting frictional resistance causes the lead screw under long-term use to generate two temperatures', and this high temperature will cause the lead screw to have the effect of thermal expansion and contraction. At present, in order to solve the high temperature problem caused by the lead screw feed shaft in use' One of the ways is to form a ... in the lead screw or in the nut and to cool the oil in the Μ μ❹, thereby reducing the temperature of the screw = nut and reducing the effect of thermal expansion and contraction. An optical scale that is less affected by thermal expansion and contraction is mounted on the feed shaft, so that the displacement of the work is based on the measurement of the optical scale to obtain temperature-independent effects: precise displacement In the above-mentioned way of solving the high-temperature influence of the feed shaft, the former considers the oil leakage problem of the borehole in the inlet shaft and the complicated pipeline problem, while the latter is costly due to the dryness of the light-drying ruler itself and increases the complexity of the mechanism configuration. Sexuality, which will increase the overall cost and manufacturing complexity of the machine tool. Furthermore, it is also possible to predict the lead screw by changing the temperature of the nut by installing a temperature sensor on the nut of the lead screw. The thermal error value of the shaft itself is transmitted to the controller of the machine, and the thermal error compensation of the feed axis is performed by the controlled release] 4 201208804 f. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the temperature of the nut can only be revealed. The temperature of the nut at the local position changes, and the lead screw itself has a considerable length, and the lead screw is in the whole length field: ^The cloth is quite uneven when it is in operation, so it is measured by the nut = The temperature change of the whole lead screw does not necessarily have a linear relationship, so the non-determination has a reliable representativeness, and it can be seen that the thermal error compensation technique of the lead screw feed shaft is measured by measuring the nut degree j. In addition, as in China's patent number M358692 "screw thermal elongation compensation device", # is mainly installed on the floating bearing end of the lead screw feed shaft - non-contact displacement sensor, through The displacement sensor measures the thermal elongation of the lead screw feed shaft at the end of the movable bearing end, and transmits the data obtained by the measurement to the controller, which is compensated for using the nut temperature as described above. The signal technology is relatively accurate. (4) For the car, but there are still some problems, the current installation of the bearings at both ends of the ball feed shaft can be roughly divided into double fixed
(f⑽如fixed)、固定.浮動式。伽t J 預承載式（nXed-pre丨oaded)^6捉古^ ^ 固疋~ d)專t裝方式，由於安裝的方式不 …因此所造成的導螺桿進給軸熱變形的特性也有所不 1 ’且顯現在料螺桿進給軸—端的熱伸長量也會不_ i二:則’在實際機台的運轉上’軸承安裝的預壓力與配 化也會影響導螺桿進給軸的熱伸長特性，因 此’透過於導螺桿浮 動轴承端設置一位移感測器的方式盔 法精確地對於各種安萝 …、 褒方式的導螺桿進給軸進行熱伸長量 測’也無法精確的應付春 里 寸田螺桿預壓或配合公差因為長期運 轉產生磨損後的改變，誠有加以改進之處。 ] 5 201208804 【發明内容】 為了改善既有用以量測導螺桿進給軸熱誤差補償方式 的缺失及不足，本發明之目的在於提供一種節省成本、方 便安裝與準確量測的導螺桿進給軸熱誤差補償裝置者。 基於上述目的，本發明所運用的技術手段係在於提供 一導螺桿進給軸熱誤差補償裝置，其係包含有一導螺桿 組、一量測組及一訊號處理組，其中：(f(10) as fixed), fixed. floating.伽t J pre-loading type (nXed-pre丨oaded)^6 catching the ancient ^ ^ solid 疋 ~ d) special t-mounting method, because the installation method is not... Therefore, the characteristics of the thermal deformation of the lead screw feed shaft are also Not 1 'and the amount of thermal elongation appearing on the feed screw shaft end is not _ i 2: then 'on the actual machine operation' preload pressure and distribution of the bearing will also affect the lead screw feed axis The thermal elongation characteristic, therefore, the method of providing a displacement sensor through the floating bearing end of the lead screw can accurately measure the thermal elongation of the lead screw feed shaft of various types of Anlu... The spring preloading or matching tolerance of the spring field is due to the change after the long-term operation, and there are improvements. 5 201208804 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to improve the lack and deficiency of the thermal error compensation method for measuring the feed axis of the lead screw, the object of the present invention is to provide a lead screw feed shaft which is cost-saving, convenient to install and accurately measured. Thermal error compensation device. Based on the above object, the technical means used in the present invention is to provide a lead screw feed shaft thermal error compensating device, which comprises a lead screw group, a measuring group and a signal processing group, wherein:
該導螺桿組係設有一導螺桿、一驅動器及一螺帽，該 導螺桿於兩端係分別設有一軸承，該驅動器係與該導螺桿 相結合而位於其中一軸承的—側，藉以轉動該導螺桿，而 该螺帽係可移動地套設於該導螺桿上而介於兩軸承之間； 咏里凋組係設有 …’一 μ (命，网位移感 測器係分別設於該導螺桿靠近❹承處，纟中—位移感測 器係用以量測該導螺桿靠近_固定轴承端的熱變位，而 :位移感測器係用以量測該導螺桿在另一端的軸心熱伸長 里，以及 、 成机现處理組係與 αα W几5又啕一控制 益忒控制益係與兩位移感測器相電性連接 :感測器所量測到的訊號傳送該控制器中進行運算：葬位 監測該導螺桿因溫度變化所產生的變化量曰以 誤差補償值。 進而提供一熱 式，而兮旦 文戒万式係為一雙固， 飞而忒里測組的其中一位移残 口 ^ 在其中一Θ ^缸$ 饮測咨係用以量測該導螺才 口夂軸承端的熱變位，而另一位@ 量測該導螺桿在另-轴承^器係^ 導螺才干軸心位置的熱窜 201208804 差0 浮動：進二該導螺桿組兩軸承的安裝方式係為-固定- 蟫尸i a中以里測組的其中—位移感測器係用以量測該導 螺杯在其中一固定麵灸嫂 “旦，目m 知的熱變位，而另—位移感測器係 用以里測邊導螺据為兄— 序動軸承端的導螺桿軸心位置的 熱误差。 車父佳地’該導螺桿組 軸承的女裝方式係為一固定-預 承載式，而該量測組的苴中_ ，、中一位移感測器係用以量測該導 螺杯在其中一固定軸承端 4 θ 、…芰位，而另—位移感測器係 用以置測該導螺桿在另一預 預承載式軸承端的導螺桿軸位 置的熱誤差。 藉由上述的技術手段，本 个赞Λ等螺杯進給軸熱誤差補 •裝置’於使用時僅需在該導 為导螺知罪近兩軸承處，分別裝 设一位移感測器後’即可方 万便地透過兩位移感測器量測的 方式，得到該導螺桿於運轉時的熱伸長量與熱變位，並透 過該控制器運算出螺帽位於苹一 呆位置時的熱誤差補償值， 再則，本發明導螺桿進給轴熱誤差補償裝置，可適用於不 同軸承安裝方式的導螺桿上，進而提供—節省成本、方便 安裝與準確量測之導螺桿進給軸熱誤差補償裝置者。 【實施方式】 為能詳細瞭解本發明的技術特徵及實用功效並可依 照說明書的内容來實施，兹進一步以如圖式所示(圖，至4 所示）的較佳實施例，詳細說明如后·· 本發明所提供之導螺桿進給軸熱誤差補償裝置係包含 有一導螺桿組10、一量測組20及一訊號處理組3〇,其中[:s] 7 201208804 為導螺桿組10係設有—導螺桿W、—驅動器12及—The lead screw assembly is provided with a lead screw, a driver and a nut, and the lead screw is respectively provided with a bearing at both ends, and the driver is combined with the lead screw to be located at the side of one of the bearings, thereby rotating the lead screw a lead screw, and the nut is movably sleeved on the lead screw and interposed between the two bearings; the 咏 凋 组 设有 设有 设有 设有 ' ' 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命 命The lead screw is close to the bearing, the center-displacement sensor is used to measure the thermal displacement of the lead screw near the fixed bearing end, and the displacement sensor is used to measure the axis of the lead screw at the other end. In the heart heat elongation, as well as the processing system and the αα W, the control unit and the two displacement sensors are electrically connected: the signal measured by the sensor transmits the control. The operation is performed in the device: the burial position monitors the amount of change caused by the temperature change of the lead screw, and the error compensation value is provided. Further, a thermal type is provided, and the 兮 文 文 万 万 万 万 万 万 万 , , , , , One of the displacement residues ^ in one of the Θ ^ 缸 $ 饮It is measured that the guide screw only has the thermal displacement of the bearing end, and the other one measures the heat of the lead screw at the position of the other shaft of the bearing shaft. The difference is 0: the second lead screw The installation method of the two bearings is - fixed - the corpse ia in the middle of the measuring group - the displacement sensor is used to measure the guiding cup on one of the fixed surface moxibustion "Dan, the heat of the know Displacement, and the other-displacement sensor is used to measure the edge of the lead screw. The thermal error of the axial position of the lead screw of the sequential bearing end. For a fixed-pre-loading type, the _, zhongzhong displacement sensor of the measuring group is used to measure the guiding cup at one of the fixed bearing ends 4 θ, ..., and the other The displacement sensor is used to measure the thermal error of the lead screw at the position of the lead screw shaft of the other pre-loaded bearing end. With the above technical means, the thermal error of the feeding axis of the screw cup is compensated. When the device is used, it only needs to know that the guide screw is close to the two bearings, and a displacement sensor is installed respectively. The thermal elongation and thermal displacement of the lead screw during operation can be obtained by means of two displacement sensor measurement, and the thermal error of the nut when the nut is in the position of staying is calculated through the controller. Compensation value, in addition, the lead screw feed axis thermal error compensation device of the present invention can be applied to the lead screw of different bearing installation methods, thereby providing - cost saving, convenient installation and accurate measurement of the lead screw feed axis thermal error [Comparative Embodiment] In order to understand the technical features and practical effects of the present invention in detail and can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, a preferred embodiment is shown in the drawings (shown in FIG. 4). The detailed description of the lead screw feed shaft thermal error compensation device provided by the present invention includes a lead screw group 10, a measurement group 20 and a signal processing group 3〇, wherein [:s] 7 201208804 is The lead screw group 10 is provided with a lead screw W, a driver 12 and
螺帽13,該導螺桿11於兩端係分別設有-軸承14,其中 兩轴承1 4的安奘古彳总π , A 一 ，裝方式係可如圖2為-雙固定式或如圖3所 不固疋-序動式或如圖4 一固定_預承載式該驅動器12 係與該導螺桿1 Ί h = y 件Ή相合而位於其中一軸承14的一側，藉 ^轉動該導螺桿11,而該螺帽則可移動地套設於該導螺 桿11上而介於兩軸承]4之間； 该置測組20係設有兩非接觸式的位移感測器21，兩位 移感測器21係分別設於該導螺桿”靠近兩軸承w處，其 中—位移4測器21係用以量測該導螺桿11在固定端轴承 14的熱變位，而另一位移感測器21係用以量測該導螺桿 11另一端的軸心位置的熱伸長量；以及 該訊號處理组30係與該量測組2Q相電性連接且設有 二：1 4控制器31係與兩位移感測器21相電性連 接’用以將兩位移感測器21所量測到的訊號傳送該控制器 t中订運#藉以監測該導螺桿^因溫度變化所產生的 變化ϊ，進而提供一熱誤差補償值。 本务月於使用時’主要係透過於在該導螺桿”的—個 端面上使用該非接觸式位移感測器21量測該導螺桿”的 :心熱：長量(△>〇,並使用另一個非接觸式位移感測器a 置測δ亥導螺桿11在周令山紅 口义編軸承14的熱變位（Δχ2)，當該控 制器31移動位於該螺帽13上的工作台到任一個 =差補償值⑷’此熱變位補償值可以由下列的公式換 201208804 ^ + ^(Δχ, - Αχ2 )χ 其中的/c是一個修正係數，此修正係數係針對導螺桿長卢 與工作台可移動行程有不同的設計比值時需要進行修正， 该修正係數可由設計者依照理論計算或者利用實驗校正量 測之。 因此，藉由上述的技術手段，本發明導螺桿進給軸熱 誤差補償裝置’於使用時僅需在該導螺桿11的靠近兩軸承The nut 13 is provided with a bearing 14 at both ends, wherein the two bearings 1 4 are π, A, and the mounting method can be as shown in Fig. 2 - double fixed or as shown in the figure 3 non-fixed-sequential or as shown in Fig. 4, a fixed-preloaded drive 12 is coupled to the lead screw 1 Ί h = y member 而 and located on one side of one of the bearings 14, by rotating the guide a screw 11 is movably sleeved on the lead screw 11 and interposed between the two bearings 4; the set 20 is provided with two non-contact displacement sensors 21, two displacements The sensors 21 are respectively disposed on the lead screw "close to the two bearings w, wherein the displacement 4 detector 21 is used to measure the thermal displacement of the lead screw 11 at the fixed end bearing 14, and the other displacement sensing The device 21 is configured to measure the amount of thermal elongation of the axial position of the other end of the lead screw 11; and the signal processing group 30 is electrically connected to the measuring group 2Q and is provided with two: 14 controller 31 series Electrically connected to the two displacement sensors 21 to transmit the signals measured by the two displacement sensors 21 to the controller t in the controller t to monitor the lead screw due to temperature changes The change of the ϊ, in turn, provides a thermal error compensation value. The main task is to measure the lead screw by using the non-contact displacement sensor 21 on the end face of the lead screw. :Heart heat: long amount (△> 〇, and use another non-contact displacement sensor a to measure the thermal displacement (Δχ2) of the δHai lead screw 11 in Zhoulingshan Hongkou Yibian bearing 14 when the control The device 31 moves the table located on the nut 13 to any one of the difference compensation value (4)'. The thermal displacement compensation value can be changed by the following formula 201208804 ^ + ^(Δχ, - Αχ2 ) χ where /c is a Correction factor, which is required to be corrected when there is a different design ratio between the lead screw length and the movable path of the table. The correction factor can be measured by the designer according to the theoretical calculation or by using the experimental correction. Technical means, the lead screw feed shaft thermal error compensating device of the present invention only needs to be close to the two bearings of the lead screw 11 when in use
14處’分別裝設一位移感測器2"麦’即可方便地透過兩位 移感，器21量測的方式’得到該導螺桿11於運轉時的熱 伸：量與熱變位’並透過該控制器31運算出螺帽13位於 某二位置日寺的熱誤差補隸，再則，本發明導螺桿進給轴 θ差補仏裝置’可適用於不同轴承14安裝方式的導螺桿 、且1 0上進而提供一節省成本、方便安裝與準確量測之導 螺桿進給軸熱誤差補償裝置者。 以上所述’僅是本發明的較佳實施例，並非對本發明作 “何形式上的限制’任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識者， 右在不脫離本發明所提技術方案的範圍内，利用本發明所揭 2術内容所作出局部更動或㈣的等效實施例，並且未脫 離本發明的技術方幸内& 八 句仍屬於本發明技術方案的範圍 内0 【圖式簡單說明】 意圖 圖係本發明導螺桿進給轴熱誤差補償裝置之方塊示 〇 圖2係本發明雙固定式 y V袖承之側視操作示意圖。 圖3係本發明固定-浮動 八袖承之側視操作示意圖。c 9 201208804 圖4係本發明固定-預承載式轴承之側視操作示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 〇導螺桿組 1 1導螺桿 12驅動器 1 3螺帽 14軸承 20量測組 21位移感測器 30訊號處理組 31控制器At 14 places, a displacement sensor 2"Mike' can be conveniently installed to obtain the heat extension of the lead screw 11 during operation by the two displacement senses. Through the controller 31, the thermal error supplement of the nut 13 located at a certain position of the Japanese temple is calculated, and the lead screw feed axis θ difference compensation device of the present invention can be applied to the lead screw of the different bearing 14 mounting manner. Furthermore, 10# further provides a cost-saving, convenient installation and accurate measurement of the lead screw feed axis thermal error compensation device. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any one of ordinary skill in the art can be utilized without departing from the scope of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention provides a partial modification or an equivalent embodiment of (4), and does not deviate from the technique of the present invention. The eight sentences are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. [Simplified description] Intention Figure 2 is a side view of the double-fixed y V sleeve of the present invention. Figure 3 is a side view operation of the fixed-floating eight-sleeve bearing of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a side view of the fixed-preload bearing of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 〇 lead screw set 1 1 lead screw 12 driver 1 3 nut 14 bearing 20 measuring group 21 Displacement sensor 30 signal processing group 31 controller