201204921 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係提供一種引擎廢氣集熱發電之技術領域，尤 指其技術上提供一種藉有多孔性金屬介質與導熱柱構成之 集熱座’配合熱電晶片發電之引擎廢熱回收熱電轉換系統 【先前技術】201204921 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention provides a technical field of engine exhaust gas heat generation, in particular, a technically provided heat collecting seat composed of a porous metal medium and a heat conducting column Thermal waste wafer power generation engine waste heat recovery thermoelectric conversion system [prior art]
一般車輛之引擎25%用於車輛制動功率、35%為引擎 冷卻水廢熱能、30%為排氣廢熱能、5%為磨差損失、5% 為其他熱損失，可以知道僅有25%為完整運用於輸出之功 率，卻有30%之燃料能量隨著排氣廢熱散逸到環境中，不 僅是能源的浪費，更會對環境造成熱汙染，因此若能建構 -引擎廢熱回收熱電轉換系、统，將引擎所排放廢氣之廢熱 回收發電，將對地球永續發展有很大的助益。 疋以針對上述習知結構所存在之問題點，如何開發 -種更具理想實用性之創新結構，實消費者所殷切企盼， 亦係相關業者須努力研發突破之目標及方向。 有鑑於此，發明人本於多年從事相關產品之製造開發 與設計經驗，針對上述之目#，詳加設計與審慎評估後， 終得一確具實用性之本發明。 【發明内容】 欲解決之技術問題點 一般車輛之引擎排氣廢熱直接 3 201204921 散逸到環境中’不僅是能源的浪費，更會對環境造成熱汙 染’因此若能建構一引擎廢熱回收熱電轉換系統，將引擎 所排放廢氣之廢熱回收發電，將對地球永續發展有很大的 助益。 解決問題之技術特點：一種引擎廢熱回收熱電轉換系 統’包括：一系統本體管道，該系統本體管道具有一進入 端與一排放端，熱廢氣可經由該進入端進入該系統本體管 道内；一集熱座，該集熱座設於該系統本體管道内之該進 入端與該排放端間，並與該系統本體管道内表面相接觸， 該集熱座可為傳統金屬鰭片（柱）陣列所構成，亦可以數導 熱柱為支架，數該導熱柱之間空隙填充多孔性金屬介質所 構成，一熱電轉換模組，該熱電轉換模組熱面端黏貼該系 統本體管道對應於該集熱座之外表面；一散熱座，.該散熱 座设於該熱電轉換模組冷面端；藉此，熱廢氣經該集熱座 而將熱經該系統本體管道而傳遞至該熱電轉換模組熱面端 ，並經該散熱座而將熱經該熱電轉換模組冷面端而傳遞至 環境中，造成該熱電轉換模組熱面端與冷面端之高溫差而 進行發電。 對照先前技術之功效：本發明利用集熱座將熱廢氣的 熱能快速傳遞至熱電轉換模組熱面端，並利用散熱座將熱 從熱電轉換模組冷面端能快速傳遞至環境中，使熱電轉換 模組熱面端與冷面端溫差彳以愈a，而錢電轉換模組的 201204921 發電效率愈佳。 有關本發明所採用之技術、手段及其功效，茲舉一較 佳實施例並配合圖式詳細說明於后，相信本發明上述之目 的、構造及特徵，當可由之得一深入而具體的瞭解。 【實施方式】 參閱第一至第七圖所示’本發明係提供一種引擎廢熱 回收熱電轉換系統，包括： • 一系統本體管道（1 0 )，該系統本體管道（1 〇 )具 有一進入端（1 1)與一排放端（1 2)，引擎（50)之 熱廢氣可經由該進入端（i i )進入該系統本體管道（工 0 )内； —集熱座（20)，該集熱座（20)設於該系統本體 管道（10)内之該進入端（1 1)與該排放端（12) 間’敢與該系統本體管道（1 〇 )内表面相接觸，該集熱 籲座（2〇)可為傳統金屬鰭& (23)或金屬韓片陣列所 構成’亦可以數導熱柱（2 1 )為支架，數該導熱柱（2 1 )之間空隙填充多孔性金屬介質（2 2 )所構成； —熱電轉換模組（3 0 )’該熱電轉換模組（3 〇 )熱 面端（3 1 )黏貼該系統本體管道（1 〇 )對應於該集熱 座（2 〇 )之外表面； —散熱座（40)，該散熱座（40)設於該熱電轉換 模組（3〇)冷面端（32); 201204921 藉此，熱廢氣經該集熱座（2 〇 ) A咏 、ώ υ ;而將熱經該系統本 體管道（1 G )而傳遞至該熱電轉換模 、ϋ υ )熟面端 (31)，並經該散熱座（4〇)而將執 w向將熱f經該熱電轉換模組 (30)冷面端（32)而傳遞至環境中， 見〒造成該熱電轉 換模組（30)熱面端（31) ^、C5 2 )之向溫 差而進行發電。 “其中’該熱電轉換模組（3〇)可外接_外部負載或 蓄電瓶（3 3 )，將所發之電力儲存在該外部負載或蓄· (3 3 )上。 其中，該系統本體管道（1〇)之該進入端（ι工） 處可設有一蜂巢式整流器（1 3 )。 其十’上述所述多孔性金屬介f ( 2 2 ) τ為開放式 發泡紐材、燒結銅粒或堆4銅粒，開放式發泡㉝材與堆疊 銅粒孔洞結構可參考第六及第七圖所示之顯微照片圖。 其中，該熱電轉換模組（3 〇 )可為數熱電晶片所構 成0 其中’該散熱座（4 0)為數金屬鰭柱（4 1 )或金 屬韓片陣列排列所構成。 本發明之引擎廢熱回收熱電轉換系統，當熱廢氣穿過 集熱座時’有效使熱廢氣於複雜之結構中竄動，因此具有 充分的時間進行熱交換，最後藉由導熱柱（21)將熱傳遞 至表面主體，以達最佳之集熱功效。此外，本設計利用集 201204921 熱座（2 0 )之複雜社播 . 、、°構’使引擎廢氣於多孔性介質結構間 不斷迂迴流動及震盪， 稽由這些震盪及碰撞，大幅抵消音 波能量，因此可以同_楢 J呀擔負減低噪音之消音器功能，耑此 ’於排氣管中裝設此埶雷 ‘，、、電轉換系統，可取代原來之消音系 統’並不需要再加裝消Α 夂@ «系統，也就不會額外增加排氣管 内之背壓，對於引擎系絲4 1 ^ •^糸、、先之運作均不會產生影響。 本發明之引擎廢熱回收熱電轉換系統，於導熱系統中 創新運用多孔介質作為導熱之媒介，並搭配内部所建 構之導熱柱（2 1 )’其可有效將熱源吸收並傳達至熱電轉 換模汲（3 0 )’以達到最佳之熱傳特性，此外，冷卻系統 所架設之散熱柱亦符合車輛於行駛間與空氣產生大量之散 熱機制，以大幅提升冷卻機制。最後藉由拉大溫差，將致 電功率提升至最佳狀態。而本平台之發熱面均設計為方型 ，其主要為充分利用表面空間，可貼附較多片之熱電轉換 模組（3 0 )，以得到較佳之致電功率。而多孔性介質之複 雜結構有大幅降低引擎所發出之噪音功效，因此，本系統 除了可做廢熱回收系統外，亦可將降低引擎之噪音，亦可 降低材料成本之支出。 其中’請參閱第五圖’本發明也可以加長系統本體管道 (10)，並以串接方式將多個熱電轉換模組（3〇)連接 起來’產生更大之功率，並將其產生之電力回充並加以運 用’以達到具經濟效益之發電量。 201204921 其中，請參閱第四A至笛 ^ 第四D圖，該集熱座（2〇) 之導熱柱（21)可呈柱狀、 、 片狀、穿孔式片狀及蛇形迂 迴等四種類型’參閲第四E圖社隹丸 圏’該集熱座（20)亦可為 傳統金屬韓片（柱）陣列型式。 了為 月’J文係針對本發明之較佳 、 實施例為本發明之技術特徵 :行具體之說明…准’熟悉此項技術之人士當可在不脫離 發明之精神與原則下對本發明進行變更與修改，而該等 變更與修改，皆應涵蓋於如 々 * ^ ^ 甲》月寻利範圍所界定之範_ 中。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖：本發明之剖面示意圓。 第二圖：本發明之立體剖面示意圖。 第三圖：本發明裝設於一引擎之示意圖。 第四A圖··本發明之集熱座之導熱柱呈柱狀示意圖。 第四B圖.本發明之集熱座之導熱柱呈片狀示意圖。 第四C圖·本發明之集熱座之導熱柱呈穿孔式片狀示意圖 第四D圖.纟發明之集熱座<導熱柱呈蛇形迂迴狀示意圖 〇 第四E圖.本發明之集熱座之導熱柱為金屬鰭片（柱）陣列 型式示意圖。 第五圖：本發明加長系統本體管道之剖面示意圖。 201204921 第六圖：本發明使用之開放式發泡鋁材顯微照片圖 第七圖：本發明使用之堆疊銅粒顯微照片圖。 . 【主要元件符號說明】 (1 〇)系統本體管道 (11) 進入端 (12) 排放端 (1 3 )蜂巢式整流器 • ( 2 0 )集熱座 (2 1 )導熱柱 (2 2 )多孔性金屬介質 (2 3 )金屬鰭柱 (3 0 )熱電轉換模組 (3 1 )熱面端 (3 2 )冷面端 • ( 3 3 )蓄電瓶 (4 0 )散熱座 (4 1 )金屬鰭柱 (5 0 )引擎 925% of the engine of a typical vehicle is used for vehicle braking power, 35% is engine cooling water waste heat energy, 30% is exhaust waste heat energy, 5% is wear loss, and 5% is other heat loss. It can be known that only 25% is The power used for output is 30% of the fuel energy dissipated into the environment with the waste heat, which is not only a waste of energy, but also a thermal pollution to the environment. Therefore, if the engine waste heat recovery thermoelectric conversion system can be constructed, The recovery of waste heat from the exhaust gas from the engine will greatly contribute to the sustainable development of the earth. In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned conventional structure, how to develop an innovative structure with more ideal and practicality, the consumers are eagerly awaiting, and the relevant industry must strive to develop the goal and direction of breakthrough. In view of this, the inventor has been engaged in the manufacturing development and design experience of related products for many years. After detailed design and careful evaluation, the inventor has finally obtained the practical invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The technical problem to be solved is that the engine exhaust heat of a general vehicle is directly 3 201204921 Dissipating into the environment is not only a waste of energy but also a thermal pollution to the environment. Therefore, if an engine waste heat recovery thermoelectric conversion system can be constructed Recycling the waste heat from the exhaust gas from the engine will greatly help the sustainable development of the earth. Technical feature of solving the problem: an engine waste heat recovery thermoelectric conversion system includes: a system body pipe having an inlet end and a discharge end through which hot exhaust gas can enter the system body pipe; a hot seat, the heat collecting seat is disposed between the inlet end and the discharge end of the system body pipe, and is in contact with the inner surface of the system body pipe, and the heat collecting seat can be a traditional metal fin (column) array The heat transfer column may be a bracket, and the gap between the heat conducting columns is filled with a porous metal medium. A thermoelectric conversion module, the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module is adhered to the system body pipe corresponding to the heat collecting block. An outer surface; a heat sink, the heat sink is disposed at the cold end of the thermoelectric conversion module; thereby, the hot exhaust gas passes through the heat collecting block to transfer heat to the thermoelectric conversion module through the system body pipe The surface end, and the heat is transmitted to the environment through the cold end of the thermoelectric conversion module through the heat sink, thereby causing a high temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric conversion module to generate electricityCompared with the effect of the prior art: the invention uses the heat collecting seat to quickly transfer the thermal energy of the hot exhaust gas to the hot surface of the thermoelectric conversion module, and uses the heat sink to quickly transfer heat from the cold end of the thermoelectric conversion module to the environment, so that The temperature difference between the hot side and the cold side of the thermoelectric conversion module is more than a, and the 201204921 of the power conversion module is more efficient. The above-mentioned objects, structures and features of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention. . [Embodiment] Referring to the first to seventh figures, the present invention provides an engine waste heat recovery thermoelectric conversion system, comprising: • a system body pipe (10) having an entry end (1 1) and a discharge end (12), the hot exhaust gas of the engine (50) can enter the system body pipe (work 0) via the inlet end (ii); the heat collecting seat (20), the heat collecting The seat (20) is disposed between the inlet end (1 1) and the discharge end (12) in the system body pipe (10) to dare to contact the inner surface of the system body pipe (1 〇), the heat collection The seat (2〇) can be made up of a traditional metal fin & (23) or a metal Korean array. It can also be a number of thermally conductive columns (2 1 ). The gap between the heat conducting columns (2 1 ) is filled with porous metal. The medium (2 2 ) is formed; the thermoelectric conversion module (30) 'the thermoelectric conversion module (3 〇) hot surface end (3 1 ) is adhered to the system body pipe (1 〇) corresponding to the heat collecting block ( 2 〇) outer surface; - heat sink (40), the heat sink (40) is disposed at the cold face end (32) of the thermoelectric conversion module (3); 201 204921 Thereby, the hot exhaust gas passes through the heat collecting block (2 〇) A咏, ώ υ; and heat is transferred to the thermoelectric conversion mold, the 面 υ) cooked surface end (31) through the system body pipe (1 G ) And passing the heat sink (4〇) to transfer the heat f to the environment through the cold end (32) of the thermoelectric conversion module (30), seeing the thermoelectric conversion module (30) The hot surface end (31) ^, C5 2 ) generates electricity by the temperature difference. “Where the thermoelectric conversion module (3〇) can be externally connected to an external load or a storage battery (3 3 ), and the generated power is stored on the external load or storage (3 3 ). A honeycomb rectifier (1 3 ) may be provided at the inlet end (1 〇). The porous metal f ( 2 2 ) τ described above is an open foamed neon material, sintered copper. For the grain or stack of 4 copper particles, the open foam 33 material and the stacked copper grain hole structure, reference may be made to the photomicrographs shown in the sixth and seventh figures. The thermoelectric conversion module (3 〇) may be a number of thermoelectric wafers. The composition of the heat sink (40) is composed of a plurality of metal fins (4 1 ) or a metal Han array. The engine waste heat recovery thermoelectric conversion system of the present invention is effective when the hot exhaust gas passes through the heat collecting block. The hot exhaust gas is turbulent in a complicated structure, so that there is sufficient time for heat exchange, and finally heat is transferred to the surface body by the heat conducting column (21) to achieve the best heat collecting effect. In addition, the design utilizes the set. 201204921 Hot seat (2 0) complex social broadcast. Exhaust gas continuously flows back and oscillates between porous media structures. Due to these shocks and collisions, the sound energy is greatly offset. Therefore, it is possible to use the muffler function of reducing noise, so that it is installed in the exhaust pipe. This 埶雷',,, electric conversion system can replace the original silencer system ' does not need to add Α 夂 @ « system, it will not increase the back pressure in the exhaust pipe, for the engine wire 4 1 ^ • ^糸, and the first operation will have no effect. The engine waste heat recovery thermoelectric conversion system of the present invention uses porous medium as a medium for heat conduction in the heat conduction system, and is matched with the internally constructed heat conducting column (2 1 ) 'It can effectively absorb and convey the heat source to the thermoelectric conversion module (30)' to achieve the best heat transfer characteristics. In addition, the cooling column of the cooling system is also in line with the large amount of heat dissipation mechanism generated by the vehicle during driving and air. In order to greatly improve the cooling mechanism. Finally, by increasing the temperature difference, the call power is upgraded to the best state. The heating surface of the platform is designed as a square type, which is mainly for the full benefit. The surface space can be attached with more thermoelectric conversion modules (30) for better call power. The complex structure of the porous medium greatly reduces the noise emitted by the engine. Therefore, the system can be used in addition to In addition to the waste heat recovery system, the engine noise can also be reduced, and the cost of materials can be reduced. Among them, please refer to the fifth figure. The invention can also lengthen the system body pipe (10) and connect multiple thermoelectric systems in series. The conversion module (3〇) is connected to 'generate more power and recharge and use the generated power to achieve economical power generation. 201204921 Among them, please refer to the fourth A to flute ^ fourth In the figure D, the heat-conducting column (21) of the collector seat (2〇) can be in the form of a column, a sheet, a perforated sheet, and a serpentine round. [Refer to the fourth E map. The collector block (20) can also be a conventional metal Korean (column) array type. The present invention is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is a technical feature of the present invention: a specific description of the present invention can be carried out without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention. Changes and modifications, and such changes and modifications shall be covered in the _ defined by the scope of the monthly search for profit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS First FIG.: A schematic cross section of the present invention. Second Figure: A schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention. Third figure: A schematic view of the invention installed in an engine. The fourth heat beam of the heat collecting block of the present invention has a columnar schematic view. FIG. 4B is a schematic view showing the heat conducting column of the heat collecting block of the present invention. 4th C. The heat conducting column of the heat collecting block of the present invention has a perforated sheet shape. The fourth D figure. The heat collecting seat of the invention is a serpentine shape. The fourth E drawing. The present invention The heat conducting column of the heat collecting block is a schematic diagram of a metal fin (column) array type. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the elongated system body pipe of the present invention. 201204921 Fig. 6: Photomicrograph of open foamed aluminum used in the present invention. Fig. 7 is a photomicrograph of stacked copper particles used in the present invention. [Main component symbol description] (1 〇) system body pipe (11) inlet end (12) discharge end (1 3 ) honeycomb rectifier • ( 2 0 ) collector block (2 1 ) heat transfer column (2 2 ) porous Metallic medium (2 3 ) metal fin (30) thermoelectric conversion module (3 1 ) hot end (3 2 ) cold end • ( 3 3 ) storage battery (40) heat sink (4 1 ) metal Fin (5 0 ) engine 9