TW201204171A - Adaptive current regulation for solid state lighting - Google Patents

Abstract

Exemplary embodiments provide an apparatus, system and method for power conversion to provide power to solid state lighting, and which may be coupled to a first switch, such as a dimmer switch. An exemplary system comprises: a switching power supply; solid state lighting; a first adaptive interface circuit to provide a resistive impedance to the first switch and conduct current from the first switch in a default mode; and a second adaptive interface circuit to create a resonant process. An exemplary apparatus comprises: a switching power supply; and an adaptive interface circuit comprising a resistive impedance coupled in series to a reactive impedance to conduct current from the first switch in a first current path in a default mode, and further comprising a second switch coupled to the reactive impedance to conduct current from the first switch in a second current path, with the adaptive interface circuit further damping oscillation when the first switch turns on.

Description

201204171 VI. Description of invention: [Reciprocal reference of related application] This application is related to the mid-term of May 12, 2, 4, and the inventor is Anat〇ly Shteynberg et al. 'Name is for adaptive current adjustment for solid-state lighting. The US (4) application number is 12/778,767 and is part of its succession' and the application is for December 16, 2009. The person who sent the month is Anatoly Shteynberg and others, entitled "For Solid State Lighting." U.S. Patent Application Serial No. WOW, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety in its entirety in its entirety, in the U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 12, (d), 255 is filed on January 19, 2007, the inventor is Anat〇ly et al. U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 1 1/655,558, entitled "The Current-Adjusting Impedance Matching Circuit for Solid-State Lighting," is now US Patent No. 7,656,1G3, which was approved on February 2, and is part of the continuation case. The U.S. Patent Application (4) No. 1 1/655,558 claims 2 (9) 6 丨丨 凊 凊 'Inventor Anatoly Shteynberg et al., entitled "Off-line LED driver with phase modulation," At the time of the patent application No. 60/760, i 57, and the formal application for its conversion, all the applications are hereby given together. 'The content of each application is hereby incorporated by reference and has the same The full validity of the same is set forth herein as a whole, and the claims of all common disclosures are prioritized. [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates generally to power conversion, and more specifically to one Systems, devices, and methods for supplying power to solid state lighting devices, 201204171, for example, to provide power to light-emitting diodes ("led"). [Prior Art] β is used to provide a wide range of off-line power supplies for power to LEDs. Known. Many of these power supplies (ie, drivers) t are actually integrated with existing lighting systems (eg, lighting systems typically used for incandescent or fluorescent lighting) (eg, generally utilized) The phase-modulated "dimmer" switch is incompatible with the underlying structure of the brightness or intensity of the light output from the incandescent bulb. Thus, white The replacement of LEDs with LEDs is a challenge to complete the rewiring of the lighting infrastructure, which is expensive and unlikely to occur, or the development of commercially available and already installed dimmer switches. The new LED driver is also available. In addition, due to many white woven lamps or other types of lamps, the report may remain in any particular lighting environment, so it is highly desirable to enable LEDs and incandescent lamps to operate in parallel and under common control. A conventional technical solution to this problem is found in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2005/0168, 168, entitled "for lED and (iv) lamps: dimmers, in which incandescent lamps and LEDs are connected to A common lamp power supply 其中μ row in which the light output intensity is controlled using a complex waveform having two power supply components. This proposal is complex and requires too many components to implement, and is not specifically directed to AC (alternative) utility lighting. A technical solution for driving is described in Mednik et al., entitled AC/DC Cascade Power Converters with Returned DC Conversion Rate and Improved AC Line Harmonics, U.S. Patent No. 6,781, 35 1 , And in Alex Mednik's "Exchange Mode Technology in Driving HBLEDs", the publication of the 2,5-year illuminating 201204171 diode seminar meeting. These references reveal an off-line LED driver with power factor correction. However, when it is interfaced with a dimmer, its LED adjustment is poor, and it does not fully support the dimmer in the full range of output load (specifically when incandescent and LED lights are used in parallel) ) Stable action. 1 is a circuit diagram of a prior art current regulator 50 coupled to a dimmer switch 75 that provides phase modulation. Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of such a prior art (forward) dimmer switch. The time constant of resistor 1) and capacitor 77 (C1) controls the firing angle "α" of the three-terminal AC switch (tnaC) 80 (depicted in Figure 3). The two-terminal AC switch (diaC) 85 is used to maximize the symmetry between the arc angles of the positive and negative half cycles of the input Ac line voltage (35). Capacitor 45 (C2) and inductor 40 (L 1) form a low pass filter to assist in reducing the artifacts produced by dimmer switch 75. The two-terminal AC switch 8〇 is a switching element that is actually equivalent to a reverse parallel of a common gate (scr), a single SCR, and a gate that acts like a diode when turned on. The control semiconductor, the signal at the gate (70) is used to turn on the three-terminal AC switch 80 and the load current is used to maintain or maintain the three-terminal AC switch 8 〇 conducting. Therefore, the gate signal cannot turn off an SCR, so the ScR will remain on until the load current becomes zero. A three-terminal AC switch 8〇 behaves like an SCR but turns on in both directions. Three-terminal AC switches are known to have different conduction thresholds for positive and negative conduction. This difference is usually minimized by using a two-terminal AC switch 85 coupled to the gate 70 of the three-terminal AC switch 80 to control the turn-on 201204171 voltage of the three-terminal AC switch 8A. The beta three-terminal AC switch 80 also has a minimum. The latching current and holding current. The latching current is the minimum current required to turn on the three-terminal AC switch 80 when a sufficient gate pulse is applied. The holding current is the minimum current required to maintain the three-terminal AC switch 80 in an on state once turned on. When the current drops below this holding current, the two-terminal AC switch 8〇 will turn off. The lock = flow is typically higher than the hold current. For a dimmer switch that uses a three-terminal AC switch (for example, a food knife with a knife for 3 to 8 A), the current and latching power are reduced to 10 mA to about 7 mA, which is also an example. limited. ▲The arc angle of the three-terminal AC switch 80 (6〇 controls the delay from the zero point of the Ac line) and is theoretically limited between 0 and 180. Where 〇. equals the full force rate '❿180 is no power The phase-modulated output voltage delivered to the load'-example is depicted in Figure 3 (as the same "truncated" sinusoidal ^ typical dimmer switch can have approximately 25 3 and

The minimum "value and the maximum value are compared to the direct current from the AC mains (AC is about 98〇/. to 2% of the power flow to the load. Similarly, a kind of broadcast A-special reverse phase modulation The dimmer will provide an output 懕 5 resistive load as depicted in Figure 4, which provides energy to the load, for example, at each cycle (e.g., 攸〇 to 9 〇). No energy is transmitted in each of the following points (depicted as (4)). Referring to Figure 2, May, point l & β angle α疋 from capacitor 77 (C1), resistor 76 (R1), and load ( For example, - white $ ^ blazing 4 bubble or - led driver circuit (Zu) ad81)) the impedance of the RC time to fend ~ '

9, the number is decided. In a typical dimming application, ZU>AD

It will be several orders of magnitude smaller than L0AD and resistive, so it will not be significant 201204171 ring angle. However, when the load is comparable to R1; or the load is not resistive, the arc angle and characteristics of the dimmer switch may vary significantly. A typical prior art utilizing phase modulation from a dimmer switch to drive an LED's off-line AC/DC converter has several problems associated with providing a high quality drive to the LED, such as: (1) phase from a dimmer switch Modulation may occur in the optical output - low frequency (about 12 〇 Hz), which is called "flashing", which can be sensed by the human eye 'or react to people's oscillating light; (2) input Voltage filtering may require a relatively large value of the input capacitor, so that the size of the converter and its service life are adversely affected; (7) when the three-terminal switch 80 is turned on, because of the low impedance of the input ferrite, a large thirst and two currents It is possible to generate 'this element that may damage the dimmer switch 75 and any LED drivers; and (4) the power management controller is typically not designed to operate in an environmental order with phase modulation of the input voltage and may therefore malfunction. Yu still needs an LED driver circuit that can operate with the typical or standard forward or reverse phase modulation dimmers and switches of the existing Zhaoming infrastructure and avoid the above problems, while providing a coffee lighting environment. The benefits of energy. Such LED driver circuits should be controllable by standard switches of existing lighting infrastructure to provide the same adjusted brightness, for example for production, flexibility, aesthetics, atmosphere and energy savings... the LED driver circuit library of the example does not cough

The electric cymbal should not operate independently and can operate in parallel with the illumination of its type, such as incandescent, small light or its sin, and can be used with such white switches, for example, dimmers. On (4) 2: The illumination of the 匕 is controlled by the same w method, η off or its adaptive or programmable switch. An exemplary coffee driver circuit should also operate within the existing 201204171 lighting infrastructure without rewiring or other modifications. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Exemplary embodiments of the present invention provide numerous advantages. Some of the minerals, for example, allow solid-state lighting (such as LEDs) to be utilized in the current infrastructure (including spiral lamp holders), and can be switched by various switches (9) such as phase-modulated dimmer switches) A control that would otherwise cause serious motion problems for conventional switched power supplies or current regulators. The embodiments of these examples further allow for the complex control of the output brightness or intensity of such solid state illumination and can be utilized with relatively low cost and relatively low cost components. Moreover, the exemplary embodiments may be utilized in a stand-alone solid state lighting system, or may be used in parallel with other types of existing lighting systems (eg, incandescent lamps; parallel use of the examples of the present invention not only identify and adapt to the species) State-of-the-art switches (such as phase-modulated dimmer switches), and further utilize a novel insight to simultaneously identify and adapt to various states of the switching power supply, resulting in phase-dimmed dimmer switches and switched-mode power supplies The supplies operate uninterruptedly and only together and more stably. More specifically, embodiments of the examples discriminate and adapt to phase-modulated dimmer switches of at least three states, ie, where the dimmer switches Not conducting, but a first state during which a trigger capacitor (Cb 77) is being charged; wherein the dimmer switch has been turned on and a second state of latching current; and wherein the dimmer switch is fully Turning on and requiring a third state of holding current. At the same time, combining the state of the switch, the embodiment of the example is identified and adapted to an exchange power supply 2012041 71 stealing at least two states, and in various embodiments, four-shaped, that is, the first-state, the start-up state of the switched-mode power supply, during which it generates its power supply ( Vcc voltage level) · Second state, the gradual (gradual or "soft") start of the switched-mode power supply (S (four) state" during which it ramps power from load to full operating mode ramp to load (eg LED Provided (eg, by pulse width modulation ("pwM") switching); a third state during which the switched power supply is in a full mode of operation; and an optional fourth state, During this period, the switched-mode power supply may encounter an abnormal or abnormal action and enter the -safe mode. For the switch that uses the corresponding standard for stable operation (such as 'dimmer switch') and switching power supply Each combination of states of the supply 'the embodiments of the examples provide a substantially matched electrical environment to comply with such a standard for stable operation of the switch and the switched power supply. This system enables a seamless and stable operation of the two components. In the various examples of the examples, the same type of electrical environment can be utilized in a combination of multiple states' and in other In the example, 'other types of substantially matched electrical clothing brothers will be utilized in a selected combination of the state of the switch and the switched power supply. Embodiments of the present invention provide an interface (four) pooling) exchange Power supply to the first switch of the _AC (AC) power supply is used to provide power to solid state lighting. In various embodiments, / switch 疋 - forward or reverse Phase modulation dimmer switch. A method of sensing includes: sensing - wheeling current level; sensing an input voltage 4 quasi - an adaptive interface circuit to provide a resistive impedance to 10 201204171: The heart 'offs and conducts a current from the first switch in a predetermined mode; and utilizes a second adaptive interface circuit when the first switch conducts a day-to-resonance process and at the switched power supply Resonant process A current path is provided between them. In an exemplary embodiment, the method may further include utilizing the second adaptive interface circuit to modulate an electrical contamination JJ 4 /W of the first switch during a process of the switched power supply. And/or utilizing a second adaptive interface circuit to modulate the current of the first switch during the resonant process of the switched power supply; and/or utilizing the first adaptive interface circuit Conducting current during the active state of the switched power supply or a gradual start state; and/or utilizing the first adaptive interface circuit to be during the charging of the trigger capacitor of the first switch The current is conducted during the on-time of the first switch and during the conduction of the first switch. In various exemplary embodiments, the step of providing a resistive impedance may include: switching the first adaptive interface circuit to provide a fixed resistive impedance to the first switch; and/or modulating The first adaptive interface circuit provides a variable resistive impedance to the first switch; and/or establishes an operational power, and modulates the first when the operating voltage has reached a predetermined level The interface of the adaptive interface is different. The state of the switch is different, and the ground switch to a smooth start of the switched power supply. In the implementation of various examples, you 丨φ, 4 provide a mine during the 5 white vibration process. This step of the flow path may be further recited. ^V includes a peak input current level; and switching a resistive impedance to generate the current path. In an exemplary embodiment, during the spectral process Providing a current 201204171 忒 step may further comprise: determining a peak input current level; and modulating the switched resistive impedance to generate the current path. In an exemplary embodiment, the method may further Included: operating the switched power supply in a one hundred percent duty cycle or in a sink mode during the full power mode of the switched power supply and during charging of the first switch's -trigger capacitor. In an exemplary embodiment, the method can further include operating the switched power supply at a substantially maximum instantaneous power during a full power mode of the switched power supply and during conduction of the first switch _Preset time period F 曰, ° ' In various exemplary embodiments, the second adaptive interface circuit includes an inductor in parallel with the resistor, and the method may further include: the switching power supply During a full power mode of the supply and during the conduction of the first switch, the switched power supply is operated at a substantially maximum instantaneous power until the inductor has substantially discharged. Also in various exemplary embodiments, The method can further include: utilizing the second adaptive interface circuit to supply the switched power supply: a full operating power state Between conduction current; and / or in the switching mode power supply

~ Benefits - Adjust the power from the first switch during the smooth start phase. Taking J in various exemplary embodiments, the second adaptive interface circuit is further advanced. Including - switchable resistive impedance, and the method can be stepped into the == two adaptive interface circuit for the switched power supply: during the white slave, at the switched power supply - the gentle start 12 201204171 A current path is provided during a full operational mode period or between the switched power supplies. In an exemplary embodiment, the method can further include: utilizing a handle to the switched power supply (4) operating a voltage rail (b. (8) circuit to generate an operating voltage. the first adaptive interface The circuit may further include a δ 操作 operating voltage; a band circuit. In various exemplary embodiments, the method may further include: determining a maximum corresponding to the sensed input electric house. a duty cycle; utilizing a switching duty cycle that is less than the maximum duty cycle to provide a pulse width modulation mode of operation to the switched power supply; and when the duty cycle is a preset at the maximum duty cycle Within the scope of the Japanese, provide a, pulse wave operation mode to the switching power supply ^ In various examples: In the example, the method can further include: determining or obtaining a correspondence from a memory The maximum duty cycle of the sensed input voltage level; and/or determining or changing the duty cycle to provide a predetermined or selected average or peak output current level; and/or To - the largest volt The peak output current level of the value (V〇ltSeC〇ndS) parameter. In the exemplary embodiment, the sigma method can include: detecting a fault of the switch. For example, the method can be performed by During the half-week period of the gossip power supply, at least two input power peaks or two input power zero points are used to detect the fault. The exemplary embodiment provides a system for power conversion. The system can be connected to a first switch (for example, a phase modulation dimmer switch). The Hi-Open relationship is coupled to an alternating current (AC) power supply, and wherein the system of the example 13 201204171 includes: An switched power supply includes a second power switch; solid state illumination coupled to the switched power supply; a voltage sensor; a current sensor; a memory; a first adaptive interface a circuit comprising a resistive impedance to conduct current from the first switch in a predetermined mode, a first adaptive interface circuit for generating a resonant process when the first switch is turned on; and a control , Is coupled to the voltage sensor, the current sensor 'the memory, the second switch, the first adaptive interface circuit, and the second adaptive interface circuit, and when the first switch is turned on, the The controller modulates the second adaptive interface circuit to provide a current path during a resonant process of the 5 Phillips power supply. In various exemplary embodiments, the controller is further coupled to the switched power supply During the resonant process of the device, the second adaptive interface circuit is modulated to withe a current of the first switch. In an exemplary embodiment, the system may further include: a switch for the power supply The third adaptive interface circuit that modulates a current of the first switch during the resonant process. In various exemplary embodiments, the controller is further coupled to the active state of the switched power supply or a gentle start The first adaptive interface circuit is used during the state to conduct current; and/or during charging of a trigger capacitor of the first switch, during conduction of the first switch, and Using the first adaptive interface circuit to conduct current during conduction of the first switch; and/or switching the first adaptive interface circuit to provide a fixed resistive impedance to the first switch; and/or modulating the The first adaptive interface circuit provides a variable resistive impedance to the first switch. In an exemplary embodiment, when an operating voltage has reached a predetermined 14 201204171 level, the controller further adjusts the first adaptive interface circuit and is asynchronous with the state of the younger switch. Switch to the exchange < Power supply - the - start slowly. In various exemplary embodiments, the second expansive interface circuit includes a resistive impedance, wherein the controller enters a step &: a peak input current level 'and when the peak input current level has been Upon reaching w, the controller switches the resistive impedance in a step-by-step manner to generate the electrical path. In other various exemplary embodiments, the second adaptive interface includes a switched resistive impedance, wherein the controller further determines a peak input current level and when the peak input current level When it has arrived, the controller modulates the switched resistive impedance in a step-by-step manner to produce a side current path. In an exemplary embodiment, during a full-rate nucleus of the switched power supply and during the charging of the trigger capacitor of the 2nd switch, the controller is further 100% duty cycle or Operating the switched power supply in a dc mode; and/or during a full power mode of the (4) switched power supply piracy and during the conduction of the first switch, the controller is stepped in - substantially maximum Instantaneous power operation "Switching power supply - preset time period. In another exemplary embodiment, the second adaptive interface circuit includes an inductor in parallel with the resistor, and wherein during a full power mode of the switched power supply and at the first switch During turn-on, the controller further operates the switched-mode power supply at a substantially maximum instantaneous power until the inductor has substantially discharged. In various exemplary embodiments, the controller can further use the 15th 201204171 two adaptive interface circuit to conduct current during a fully operational power state of the switched power supply. In another exemplary embodiment, the controller is further operative to adjust a minimum power from one of the first switches during a gentle start phase of the switched power supply. In various exemplary embodiments, wherein the second adaptive interface circuit further includes a switchable resistive impedance, and wherein the controller is further operative to use the second adaptive "face circuit for the switched power supply The active phase of the device provides a current path during a gentle start of the switched power supply or during a full operating mode of the switched power supply. In another exemplary embodiment, the system further includes: an operating voltage bootstrap circuit that engages the parental power supply to generate an operating voltage. In an exemplary embodiment, the first adaptive interface circuit further includes the operating voltage bootstrap circuit. In various exemplary embodiments, the controller may further determine that the maximum duty cycle of the sensed input voltage level is utilized by the _:i, during the switching duty cycle of the maximum duty cycle to provide a two-pulse wide shoulder modulation operation mode is provided to the switching power supply; and when the working cycle is within a preset range of the maximum duty cycle, a ten-pulse operation mode is provided to the switched power supply In the case of the immortality, the controller can further capture the various round-trips in the sensed round-in voltage at a corresponding duty cycle; and/or a decision value Output current level m (four) ^ ^ The selected average or peak can be determined... In the example, the controller's step-in, ... maximum. volt-second value parameter peak output current bit 16 201204171. In various exemplary embodiments, the controller may further detect, for example, one of the first switches by determining at least two input voltage peaks or two input voltage zero crossings during the /half period of the AC power source. malfunction. In an exemplary embodiment, the first adaptive interface circuit may include: a first resistor; a transistor coupled in series to the first resistor, the transistor system having a coupling to the controller The base has either a gate coupled to the controller and a second resistor coupled to the base or the closed pole of the transistor. In another exemplary embodiment, the first adaptive interface circuit may include a first resistor, a transistor coupled in series to the first resistor, and the transistor system has a base coupled to the controller. The pole has either a gate coupled to the 忒 controller, a second resistor coupled to a source or an emitter of the transistor, and a ferrule. From the base or gate of the transistor to the Zener diode of the second resistor. In an exemplary embodiment t, the first: adaptive interface circuit can include an inductor' and a resistor coupled in parallel with the inductor. In another exemplary embodiment, the (IV) two-adaptive interface circuit may include: an inductor state coupled to the first inductor of the inductor; and a base or gate connected to the first In another embodiment, the second appropriate embodiment of the human & + α, spear response 14 " surface circuit may further include: a coupling to the inductor and coupling a second resistor to a collector or a drain of the transistor: a first Zener diode coupled to an emitter or source of the transistor; and - coupled to the inductor and the The second 17 201204171 diode of the first Zener diode. In another example, the second adaptive interface circuit may include: an inductor; a first resistor... a differentiator; a one shot circuit of an output of the differentiator; and a series of gates or bases connected to the output of the click circuit The transistor is not in various exemplary embodiments, the solid state illumination is one or more light emitting diodes. The supply can have any configuration, for example, and has a non-isolated or isolated isolation configuration. The system can have: - A19 standard compatible - form factor, for example, to fit within a screw socket. The system can be coupled to the first switch through a rectifier. The system can be interfaced to the first switch through a rectifier and an inductor. In another exemplary embodiment, a device is provided For power conversion 'the device can be consuming a _ phase modulation dimmer switch, the dimmer is lightly connected to an alternating current (Ac) power supply, the device can be connected to a solid state illumination, and wherein The exemplary device includes: a switching power supply including a second power switch; a voltage sensor; a current sensing device, a memory, and a first adaptive interface circuit, including a resistor! The raw impedance conducts current from the first switch in a predetermined mode; the second adaptive interface circuit is configured to generate a «white vibration & ' and - controller when the first switch is turned on , its surface is connected to The current sensor, the memory, the second switch, the first adaptive interface circuit, and the first flexible interface circuit, and when the first switch is turned on Varying the second adaptive interface circuit to provide a current 18 201204171 path and modulating a current of the first switch during a resonant process of the parent-changing power supply. In another exemplary embodiment, A device is provided for power conversion, the system having a form factor compatible with an A19 standard, the system being coupled to a phase modulated dimmer switch 'the dimmer open relationship to - An alternating current (AC) power source, and wherein the system of the example is a light-emitting diode voltage sensor comprising a switching power exchange power supply of a power switch; a first adaptability for conducting current in the off The interface further provides a substantially matched adaptive interface circuit 'which is used for the vibration process and is in the switched electrical current path; a memory; a voltage sensor, the memory uses one less than one The large duty cycle modulates the mode of operation and, when within a predetermined range of the work, provides a transition in another exemplary embodiment, wherein the device is coupled to the dimmer switch relationship to - Transferring to a solid state lighting 'and the device; a first adaptive interface circuit impedance' to a predetermined mode source supply; at least one coupled to the body 'to sense an input voltage The first adaptive interface is electrically resisted to the dimmer switch in a predetermined mode, and the second is generated during the resonant process of a source supply of the switched power supply. And a controller coupled to the first and the S-th power switch, the controller is configured to provide a pulse width for the cycle at the maximum duty cycle - the current pulse mode of operation. A device is provided for power-first phase modulation dimmer switch, flow (AC) power supply, wherein the device miscible system comprises: an exchange power supply, comprising at least partially resistive A resonant process is generated when the current is conducted from the first switch; 19 201204171 and a second adaptive interface circuit. It is used to conduct the (four) 1 turn in various exemplary embodiments, the device can be connected to the first switch to the first switch, the first adaptive interface circuit is interfaced + 丨 first adaptability, controller, and when the first switch is turned on, the system is tuned to poor, - A Χ Χ 。. The first adaptive interface circuit provides a fork-powered, melon path for providing a thundering benefit during the switched electrical resonance process. The controller further adjusts the ancient first adaptive interface circuit to withstand a current of the first switch during the resonance process of the #n „ ^ ^ 乂 换 换 power supply state. In the implementation, the first adaptive interface circuit Λ I is a resistor and can further include a diode connected in parallel with the electric I5. The second adaptive interface circuit can include: - coupling to the resistor The inductor of the device 'and a capacitor coupled in series to the resistor. In another exemplary embodiment, the first adaptive interface circuit and the second adaptive interface circuit comprise: - an inductor - consume a resistor connected to the inductor; a capacitor coupled in series to the resistor; and a diode coupled in parallel with the 忒 resistor and further coupled to the inductor. The hex device may further include a filter capacitor coupled in parallel with the series coupled resistor and capacitor. In another embodiment of the present invention, a system is provided for power conversion, the system can be coupled to a first switch The first open The relationship is coupled to an alternating current (AC) power source, and the system includes: a switched power supply device 'solid state lighting that is consuming to the switched power supply; a first adaptive interface circuit that includes at least one A portion of the resistive impedance conducts current from the first switch in a preset mode of 20 201204171; and a second adaptive interface circuit for generating a resonant process when the first switch is turned on. In still another exemplary embodiment, an apparatus is provided for power conversion 'where the apparatus is coupled to - a first phase modulation dimmer switch, 6 Xuo dimmer open relationship coupled to an alternating current (AC) a power supply, and wherein the device is consuming a solid state illumination, the device 'a first adaptive interface circuit, resistive impedance resistive impedance, to conduct current in a first current path circuit' a handle connected to the electrical first switch conducts current in a second electrical interface circuit further in the first swing. In various exemplary embodiments, to the controller of the second switch, The second switch is modulated to be in the electrical path. The controller may further be tuned during the damped oscillation process in an exemplary embodiment, the switch coupled to a first capacitor may include an electrical a crystal, and the step of connecting to the first capacitive interface circuit in the step further comprising: connecting the second resistor to the third resistor comprises: a switched power supply comprising a series connected to the - An electric-preset mode from the first opening; and a second adaptive interface resistant impedance second switch to damp (damping) the first and second adaptive switches from the flow path The device may further include a current coupled to provide the second modulation of the second adaptive interface circuit during the oscillation of the controlled damping when the first switch is turned on. The first-adaptive interface circuit includes a first-resistor. In addition, the second first adaptive interface circuit is incorporated into the transistor of the device. The second adaptive voltage divider includes a series coupler, the second and third electric devices 21 201204171 are coupled in one step to a gate of the transistor; and a parallel connection with the third resistor Coupling capacitors. In another exemplary embodiment, a system for power conversion is disclosed, the system can be coupled to a first switch, the first open relationship being coupled to an alternating current (AC) power source, wherein the system is The utility model comprises: a switched power supply; a solid-state illumination coupled to the switched power supply; and a first-order circuit comprising a resistive impedance connected to a reactive impedance Conducting current from the first switch in a first current path in a predetermined mode; and a second adaptive interface circuit including a second switch that is lightly coupled to the far-circuit resistant impedance from the first A switch conducts current in the second current path, and the first and second adaptive interface circuits further dampen the oscillation when the first switch is turned on. In another embodiment in which the dimmer of the dimmer is exposed to a solid-state illumination and a suitable current in the impedance path in the impedance path including the switch, the device can be coupled to a first phase-to-open relationship to In the case of the device, the device comprises: a capacitive interface circuit comprising a resistive impedance in a pre-first current path, the second switch from which the adaptive interface is electrically connected. Also in various examples, a series coupling is coupled to a transistor, and the device is a switch that is coupled to the reactor; the conductive resistor is conductive to the reactance of the second current conduction blocking interface circuit. The second and the adaptive interface circuit can further include a modulated dimmer flow (AC) power supply. The device is switchable power supply for serial coupling into a mode from the first switch and further including a coupling The first switch conducts current in one way further in the first switch embodiment, the first resistor 22 201204171 of the adaptive first capacitor includes a series transfer to the transistor of the first capacitor. The adaptive interface circuit can further include a voltage divider comprising a second resistor coupled in series to a second resistor, the second and third resistors being further coupled to the power a dummy of the crystal; and a capacitor coupled in parallel with the third resistor. In another exemplary embodiment, a device for power conversion is disclosed, the device can be coupled to a first phase modulation dimmer switch that is connected to an alternating current (AC) power source. The device can consume a solid-state lighting, wherein the device comprises: an exchange power supply; a switchable adaptive interface circuit comprising a series coupling to a second switch and a reactive a first resistive impedance of the impedance to conduct current from the first switch in the first open, in-off state, or in the switched mode power supply mode: in a preset mode In a first current path; and a second switchable adaptive interface circuit, the system is coupled to the second resistive impedance of the third switch to be in the = power supply In a full operation mode, the first switch is passed in the second current path. In an exemplary embodiment, the first f! "face circuit includes a first series coupled to the second switch. The second open is connected to the first capacitor. Two: Π ' and the second open relationship includes a first-closed-coupled-coupled to the third switch. In an exemplary embodiment, the second adaptive interface circuit includes a gate electrically coupled to the third switch and further stalked to the first thunder (four) The third resistor. In another exemplary embodiment, the device of the example further includes a 23 201204171 sensor; and a fourth switch coupled to the sensor and the third switch. An exemplary sensor system includes: a transistor having a collector coupled to the fourth switch through a diode; and a third resistor including a series connection to a fourth resistor And a voltage divider, the second and third resistors are further coupled to a base of the transistor. In another exemplary embodiment, the apparatus of the example further includes a chopping cancellation circuit. In an exemplary embodiment, the chopping cancellation circuit includes: a differential amplifier including a first transistor and a second transistor; and a pass transistor coupled to the differential amplifier (pass transist〇) r); a first Zener diode coupled to the first transistor of the S-hai; and a second Zener diode coupled to the first transistor of the S-hai, the chopping cancellation circuit further comprising : Low pass filter. > In another exemplary embodiment, the first transistor is lightly connected to the first transistor. In another exemplary embodiment, a system for power conversion, π,, ' can be coupled to a first phase modulation. The optical switch, the f-phase modulation dimmer is coupled to the alternating current (AC) power supply, and the system includes: - an exchange power supply; - is connected to the switched power: should: (4) a wave cancellation circuit m The solid-state connection of the continuous wave elimination circuit is connected to the _° knife-changing adaptive interface circuit, which includes a series 兮 一 ” 二 switch and a resistance-resistance first-resistive impedance to: : in the "off state" or in the switching power supply in the - first flow two mode from the [switch conduction current path, which includes - by the second switchable adaptive interface in series to one The second resistive of the third switch 24 201204171 is resistant to conduct current from the first switch in a second current path while the switched power supply is in the full operating mode. Many other advantages and features of the present invention From the following detailed description of the invention and the practice of the invention And (9) the scope of the patent application and the accompanying drawings will become quite obvious. [Embodiment] While the invention is susceptible to various embodiments, it is shown in the drawings and The specific examples are to be understood as illustrative of the principles of the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention. Before an embodiment, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the configuration details and component configurations described in the context or described in the drawings or as described in the examples. Methods and apparatus consistent with the present invention It is to be understood that the following description of the language and terminology, and the As is known, conventional LED driver circuits are often problematic when used with conventional dimmer switches 75, which cause, for example, perceptible Squeeze and large inrush current problems. For example, as depicted in Figure 5, the switched off-line LED driver 90 if often includes a full-wave rectification g 20 with a capacitive liquid wave, when the input voltage is greater than the cross When the voltage of the chopper capacitor fFILT)l5 is 'the allowable current flows to the capacitor, the inrush current to the electric current is limited by the resistance in series with the capacitor. Under normal operating conditions of 25 201204171, there may be one A negative temperature coefficient resistor (NTC) or thermistor is placed in series with the capacitor to minimize inrush current drops during initial charging. This resistor will be significantly reduced during operation, allowing for fast capacitor charging. This circuit will The peak voltage of the capacitor is continuously peaked to the input waveform, which is 169 V DC for a standard 12 〇V AC line voltage. However, when used with a dimmer switch 75, the charging current of the filter capacitor is limited by the dimming resistor R1 (resistor 76) and is Icharge=(V1n - VLOAD - VCI)/R1 (Figures 2 and 5). Because of the large difference between Cl(77) and CFILT(15), the voltage across the filter capacitor can be approximated to a DC voltage source. The charging current of the filter capacitor is also the charging current of C1 which controls the arc angle of the dimmer. Because of the large voltage drop across the filter capacitor 15 (VC1), the charging current of C1 will be lower than that of a normal dimmer. For a large value of VC1, the current into C1 will be small and therefore slowly charged. Thus, and as depicted in Figure 6, this small charging current may not be sufficient to charge C1 to the two-terminal AC switch 85 during the half cycle. If the turn-on voltage does not reach (93), the three-terminal AC switch 80 will not conduct. This will continue for many cycles until the voltage on the filter capacitor is small enough to charge C1 to the turn-on voltage. Once the turn-on voltage has reached (94), the three-terminal AC switch 80 will turn on and the capacitor will charge to the input voltage peak of the remaining half cycle. This phenomenon is depicted in Figure 6, which requires four cycles of 60 Hz (92) to reach this conduction 'voltage, such that the three-terminal AC switch 80 has only one wave frequency (eg, as depicted in the figure) 15Hz) conduction. 26 201204171 ^ s The illuminator switch is used to pick up or draw a small amount of current load so that for all AC input values, ILOAD is less than the holding power μ ' ' 5 玄 二 二 交流 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 〇 The features are not suitable for "for and right Τ n bj- # ^ drive applications. The nominal (nominal) arc angle will increase due to the increased resistance of ZL0AD 81. When the voltage of the capacitor (C1) exceeds the conduction voltage of the AC switch of the one end, the two-terminal AC switch 85 discharges the S-capacitor to the gate of the three-terminal AC switch 80, and briefly turns on the AC switch. However, since the load resistance is too high, the necessary holding current is not allowed. The three-terminal AC switch 8〇 will then be turned off. When the three-terminal parent switch is turned off, the capacitor C1 starts charging again through R1 and Zload (81). If there is enough time remaining in the half cycle, the three-terminal AC switch will point to the arc again, and the process repeats repeatedly in each half cycle. The premature and unsustainable three-terminal two-way controllable switch 8 is turned green in Figure 7, showing the multiple points of the three-terminal bidirectional controllable switch 80 (premature) Start attempt 91, this may cause a perceived LED flicker. For prior art power supplies in normal operating conditions, a conventional technique for providing sufficient current through the dimmer switch 75 is relatively inefficient, using only a parallel (cross) dimmer The load resistor RL of the switch 75 thereby provides a load current of at least VTR1AC/RL when the three-terminal AC switch 80 is in an arc. By setting the value of the resistor small enough, the current can be made high enough to ensure that it is always at the critical current required to maintain the three-terminal AC switch 80 in an on state (typically in the vicinity of 50 mA to 100 mA) Above. When the phase angle (point arc angle α) is small 27 201204171, the power consumption across the resistor rl will be extremely high #, that is, (10) 仏' which further leads to a large amount of heat generation. Such load resistors are typically provided by incandescent lamps, but electronic or switchable negatives, such as switched coffee drive systems, are not necessarily provided. In addition, when the three-terminal AC switch 8G is being turned on, it is not necessary to apply more current to the switch 8G, especially when a plurality of lamps that draw a large amount of current (the incandescent bulb or just being used). In accordance with various exemplary embodiments of the present invention, instead of a "dummy" resistor, an active circuit that can be adjusted according to the needs of the dimmer switch 75 can be utilized: the exemplary embodiments provide current regulation In order to allow the three-terminal AC switch to switch on (point arc) and keep it in conduction as needed, the embodiment of the (4) example is also more efficient, when there are other loads that provide or wire current or when When the phase angle α is small, it reduces the added current (and I2R power loss). Although solid-state lighting (such as LED lighting) has considerable environmental and energy-saving benefits', if it cannot be integrated into the existing lighting foundation Whether structurally or operatively compatible with existing lighting infrastructures, it is less likely to be used as an option for lighting technology. Thus, in accordance with the present invention, A led driver circuit is proposed that is operatively compatible with existing lighting infrastructure (eg, dimmer switches) and is directly switchable by the dimmer switch and controlled by any other load (eg, additional incandescent or fluorescent illumination) is also switched to and controlled by such dimming writes or other switches. Although the examples of these examples are related to and dimmer switches (7 5) Used together to depict 28 201204171 and discussion 'But it should be noted that the examples of these examples apply and be practical except for switches or other infrastructure that may be designed or implemented specifically for other purposes. Any type of switching element or other illumination infrastructure is utilized. As indicated above, embodiments of the present invention not only recognize and adapt to various states of the switch (e.g., phase modulated dimmer switches), but further utilize a novel Insights to identify and adapt to various states of the switching power supply, making phase-modulated dimmer switches and Switched power supplies operate uninterruptedly and substantially stably together. More specifically, embodiments of the examples identify and accommodate phase-modulated dimmer switches of at least three states, that is, where the dimmer switches Not conducting, but during this period - the first state in which the trigger capacitor (C1 '77) is charging; the second state in which the dimmer switch has been turned on and requires a latch current; and wherein the dimmer switch is fully turned on And a third state, such as a three-terminal AC switch (10) or a holding current for holding a fluid, is required, and the state of the switch is combined, and the actual (four) identification and adaptation of the examples are at least two of the switched power supply. "States" and in various embodiments are four states, namely the 'first-state, the starting state of the switched-mode power supply, during which it generates its power supply (Vcc voltage level); the second state exchange The gradual start state of the power supply, during which time it ramps from start to full operating mode to the power supply of the load (eg LED) (eg, through pulse = degree adjustment) Switching); a third state, during which the switching power supply.疋 疋 in a full operating mode; and the optional fourth state, during which the switching power supply may encounter an abnormal or abnormal action 29 201204171 and enter a protective operating mode. 4II ^ 耵 扪 扪 扪 疋 疋 . . . . 及 及 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 父 <垅 to match this standard for stable operation of the switch and the switched power supply' This enables seamless and stable operation of the two components. In various exemplary embodiments, the same type of substantially matched electrical environment can be utilized in combination of multiple states' and in other instances, a substantially matched electrical environment of its type would be utilized for the switch and switch. A selected combination of states of the power supply. Figure 8 is a block diagram of an embodiment of a first embodiment of the apparatus 1 and a first exemplary embodiment of the system 1 根据 5 in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. The device 100 provides power to one or more LEDs 14A, which may be an array or array of LEDs 140 of any type or color, wherein the device 100 and the LEDs 140 form a first system 1〇5 . The device 1 is connected to the existing lighting infrastructure and can be directly connected to a dimmer switch 75. The dimmer switch 75 is for receiving AC line voltage (AC mains) (35) An AC voltage (which may be phase modulated, or without any modulation)' and can be constructed, for example and without limitation, to be assembled in an A19 (eg, spiral) socket. In addition, the device 10 can operate in parallel with other or additional loads 95 (e.g., 'incandescent or other LEDs 140) under the common control of the dimmer switch 75. More generally, the device 100 can be utilized with any existing lighting infrastructure. In addition, since (for example, the manufacturer) may not know in advance how the device 100 and the system 105 will be configured by the end user, such compatibility with the 30 201204171 may be, and the compatibility of the basic structure is The embodiment of the inventive example - a definite advantage. For example, the manufacturer, distributor or other supplier of the device 100 usually does not know in advance the type of switch that the system 1() 5 may engage in (for example, the dimmer switch 75 $ is non- Dimming switch), is it possible to have other loads 95, and if there is a #, what type of load it is (eg, incandescent, LED, fluorescent, etc.). As shown in the picture, the device! The lanthanide system includes one or more sensors i 25, one, a plurality of adaptive interfaces 115, a controller 120, an exchange power supply (or driver), and a memory (eg, a temporary memory) , RAM)16, and depending on the type of switching power supply 13A used, may also include a rectifier 110. Embodiments or other embodiments of controller 12 (and variations thereof, such as 1 20A described below) and memory i 60 are described in greater detail below. The one or more sensors 125 are utilized to sense or measure a parameter, such as a voltage or current level, wherein the voltage sense 1 25 A and the current sensor i 25B are depicted and discussed below. . For the purposes of the present invention, it is assumed that a rectifier 存在 is present, and those skilled in the art will recognize that numerous other variations can be implemented and are equivalent and within the scope of the present invention. In the exemplary embodiment, as shown, the switched power supply 13 and/or the controller 12 can also receive feedback from the LEDs 140 and this is typically the case. The one or more adaptive interfaces 1 15 may be of different types and may be placed in a variety of locations within the device 100 in accordance with selected embodiments, such as in FIG. 8, except at the rectifier 110. And between the rectifier power supply 丨3〇, between the rectifier 110 and the dimmer switch 75, or parallel to the switching power supply 31 201204171 source supply 130, or the switching power supply Between the suppliers i3〇 (and more generally, the adaptive δ 115 may have any of the circuit locations depicted, for example in series with the rectifier or switched power supply (or driver) 130 or Parallel, this is an example and not a limitation). The exemplary adaptive interface 115 and/or its components can generally be implemented using active or passive components, or both. The one or more sensors 丨 25 can also be of different types and can be placed in various locations within the device ι according to selected embodiments, such as for various input and/or output voltage levels. The detected voltage sensor 125 A or the current sensor i 25b and/or LED 1 40 for detecting the inductor current level (for example, in the switching power supply 丨3〇) Current, such as various sensors 125, are described in more detail below. It should also be noted that various components (e.g., controllers) can be implemented in analog or digital form, and all such variations are considered equivalent and within the scope of the present invention. The rectifier 110 can be any type of rectification including, but not limited to, a full wave rectifier, a full wave bridge, a half wave rectifier, an electromechanical rectifier, or another known or known in the art. The type of rectifier. The device 1 and system 105 can also be implemented in any form (e.g., including in a form compatible with the A19 (spiral) or T8 socket). According to an exemplary embodiment, a dynamic control system for one or more adaptive interfaces 丨丨5 is implemented to take into account the state of the switching power supply 13〇 (or timing period) and the dimmer switch The current state (or timing period) of 75 is to provide substantially stable operation of the device 100 and system 1 〇 5 without causing various forms of flicker or other such failures. In other words, 32 201204171 - A matched electrical (or electronic) environment is provided to the dimmer for _75 states (non-conducting and charging-triggering capacitors, conduction with a latching current, and conduction and conduction with holding current) Combining each state of the switched power supply U0, for example: a dynamic state, a gradual or soft start power state, a full operating mode power state, and a guaranteed mode state 4 such as 'hypothesis-dimming The switch 75 is directly available to Annon and is not any sensing and functional control. The exemplary method embodiment provides an interface between the phase modulation dimmer switch 75α and an switched power supply 130. The function of the switched power supply 130 is controlled by the current process in an adaptive and timely manner and simultaneously identifying the dimmer switch 75, and provides a substantially matched electrical environment for use in this The dimmer 75 process is completed steadily and switched to another dimmer switch π process, for example, switching from a charging process to a conducting process and then to a conducting Cheng. Also by way of example and not limitation, a substantially matched electrical loop can be provided by controlling the switched-mode power supply 13 (eg, controlling: resonant process and current shaping), or by controlling the switching The power supply is an input impedance of 1 30, or an input current to control the device, or an input power by controlling the switching power supply 13〇, including by turning off the switched power supply Control of the device 13〇. Figure 9 is a block diagram of an apparatus embodiment 00A of a first example, a system embodiment 丄〇5 A of the first example, and a second embodiment of the accommodative interface embodiment 115A, in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. In addition to the components previously discussed with reference to the embodiment of the first example, the device embodiment of the second example is also depicted as optionally including a filter capacitor 235, which is described in more detail below in 201204171. As shown in FIG. 9 , an exemplary adaptive interface i 15A includes one or more five-interface circuits, that is, a dynamic interface circuit 2 一 a gentle or soft start power interface circuit 210 , a full operation interface The circuit 22A, a resonant process interface circuit 195, and a protection mode interface circuit 23A. In any selected embodiment, it should be noted that the five interface circuits 195, 200, 210, 220, and/or 230 may share a common circuit or utilize the same circuit, except that they may include separate circuits. To implement, and in some instances, common control parameters can also be shared. Although depicted as being located between the i-rectifier 110 and the switched-mode power supply 13A, as discussed above, the adaptive interface U5A of this example and/or its component interfaces 195, 200, 210, 220, and/or 230 Any of these various circuit locations within a device 1A may be external to or in place of the depicted locations. As described above, with respect to the adaptive interface 丨 15A of the example, we can distinguish at least four independent functional phases or states of the parent-changing power supply 130 from at least three operational states of a dimmer switch 75. . The adaptive interface 115A of the example utilizes one or more of the component interfaces 195, 2〇〇, 21〇22〇, and/or 230 to identify and accommodate the dimmer switch 75 and the switched power supply Various combinations of states of the device 130. During startup of the switched power supply 130, an exemplary starting interface circuit 2 is utilized to generate an operating voltage (vcc) for a controller 12 of a power supply, during which all other switching The power supply i3〇 circuit is disabled' thus the energy consumption is quite small and is used to provide or allow sufficient current to flow to the dimmer switch 75 for its three states - 34 201204171

: Start = by: Switching power supply 13 ° supply power is gentle or soft ° The electrical process of a supply is increased to the energy level of the output load (LED (10)) and thus the energy consumption is quite small energy, flat load The slow (or soft start power interface circuit 210 is utilized to allow for ramping up of the output energy and sufficient current to flow to the dimmer switch 75 for any of its three states. On the switched power supply The full operating period of ... 3 has a nominal energy consumption, and the resonant process interface circuit 195 and the input operation interface circuit 220 are utilized to provide current shaping (generally control:: current level), and also A sufficient current is flown to the dimmer switch for either of its three states. A protected mode of operation (where the switched-mode power supply 130 or its various components are turned off and the energy consumption is equivalent) Small) is also implemented using a protection mode interface circuit 23, which may also actually turn off the dimmer switch 75 or allow sufficient current to flow to the dimmer switch 75 for use in accordance with selected embodiments. Any of the three states. By controlling the adaptive interface 145 and/or its component interfaces 丨9 5, 200, 210, 220, and/or 230 'the various processes, or states of the dimmer switch 75) Also controlled, including but not limited to: (a) the charging of the trigger capacitor (c and the point arc of the two-terminal AC switch (D1) 85 (and, in order to retain the dimmer switch 75, is provided by the user The desired mechanical position of the dimming level (the value of R1) 'the external impedance of the charging circuit (the wheel-in impedance of the device) is substantially close to the resistance provided by an incandescent bulb (eg, Zload 81), and there is no Energy is supplied to the power supply; (b) the dimmer switch 75 (eg, 'three-terminal AC switch 80') is substantially minimum but sufficient to exceed the current of the latching current of the 35 201204171 two-terminal AC switch 80 Turning on, which involves a transient input of the device 100, from zero power to any power supplied by the AC line 35; and (c) a hold that may be required but sufficient to exceed the three-terminal AC switch 80 Current through the dimming Switch 75 (three-terminal AC switch 80) conducts current until the end of the current AC cycle (eg, until zero voltage during phase a, which may equally (although not precisely) be referred to as a zero crossing), Having any power supplied by the AC line to the switched power supply 130. For a reverse dimmer, the charging process ((a) above) is generally followed by the conducting process ((c) above) After that, and those skilled in the art will recognize the application of the examples and principles of the examples taught herein, all of which are considered equivalent and in the claimed form. Within the scope of the invention. Figure 1 is a flow diagram of an embodiment of a method in accordance with one of the teachings of the present invention. The switching power supply 13A and the various states of the dimmer switch 75 can be broken to form a matrix, so that the function of the switched power supply 130 is controlled in a timely and adaptive manner. The current process of the dimmer switch 75, the state of the switched power supply 13 and the provision of a corresponding substantially matching electrical environment for substantially stable operation of the dimmer opening 75, appropriate Power is provided to LED 140' and a corresponding substantially stable transition from state to state. Referring to Figure 10, the method begins to conduct on the AC line, e.g., by a user mechanically turning on a dimmer switch 75 (starting step). The device, the ship (or other device embodiment discussed below) (and/or the control thief 120, 120A) then determines any of the functions of the switched power supply (10) 36 201204171, protection mode, . For the switched power supply ' 丨 咬 bit eight, finished, or preset in start mode

The flow switch 80) is conducting (steps 312, 318, 324, and/or 33 〇), or is conducting current through the dimmer switch 75 (steps 314, 32 〇, 丨% state' is in the above four In the full mode of operation, in the gradual or soft start mode (steps 302, 304, 306, and 308). Each of these possible states to 130 is determined (eg, through a pattern) / or 332) is provided. Following steps 314, 320, 326 and/or 332, the method determines if the AC line (dimmer switch 75) has been turned off (step 334), and if not, ' The method then returns to step 302 and repeats, and if so, the method can end (return to step 336). Thus, the apparatus 100, 100A (or other apparatus embodiments discussed below) provides a correspondence The electrical environment in which the state of both the dimmer switch 75 and the switched-mode power supply 13 is substantially matched. The combination of various states, the monitoring of the state, and the provision of the substantially matching electrical environment are more detailed below. Description. For these shapes Or each combination of the 12 combinations of processes, and depending on the intended configuration (eg, 1 10V, 220V), the corresponding parameters are preset and stored in memory 1 60 'and thus proceed from the note in subsequent actions 37 201204171 The memory 160 is captured by the controller 12 and utilized to provide the corresponding real f-matched electrical environment. As noted above, the substantially matching electrical environment can be provided by the controller 12G. Controlling the switched-mode power supply 130 (e.g., controlling a resonant process, current shaping, and other methods discussed;) or by controlling an input ΠΜ or 疋 of the switched power supply π〇 The input current of the I-I, or the input power of the 3 13G by controlling the switching power supply, includes the control of switching the power supply H 130 by the P1, which is an example and not However, it should be noted that for combinations of various states, the corresponding: number and/or type of control may be substantially similar or identical, depending on the selected embodiment (. the corresponding parameter and / Or control &a The mp; type 彳 is considered equivalent in a number of ways and is considered to be equivalent within the scope of the invention 'for example' according to any and/or all country minimum voltage level component values, a switched power supply The maximum voltage level that the supplier 130 and/or the LED 140 can withstand, the characteristics of the dimmer switch 75 (eg, minimum hold and latch current), etc. 'The method of presetting the corresponding parameters is more detailed below. Description. By way of example, without limitation, a minimum current parameter (e.g., 50 mA) can be utilized and sensed via a current sensor 125B, wherein - the controllers 12G, 12GA then provide the various switches and include - adaptability Corresponding gating or modulation of other circuits of interface 115 to ensure the flow of this minimum current. Thus, when the dimmer switch 75 and the switched-mode power supply 130 change their individual functional states, the present invention is implemented by a device 100, 100A-G (or other device embodiments as discussed below). The dimmer is automatically used to open and adapt the M 75 switching power supply 38 201204171 1 3 0 to the corresponding combination of the new corresponding parameters. For example, a method of providing a substantially matched electrical environment to interface a power supply 130 through a state during the startup state of the device 1〇〇, 1〇〇AG (switched power supply 130) The dimmer switch 7:5 is used to supply power. The method may include the following sequence (Fig. 1A, step 31〇_314): 1 • Monitor the state of the dimmer switch 75 (step 3丨〇_ 3丨4) . 2. Identifying the state of the dimmer switch is to charge its trigger capacitor 77 (step 310). 3. Provide a relatively low impedance to the dimmer switch 75 (step 31 〇 _ 3 14)' thereby allowing sufficient current to flow to charge the trigger circuit, and to actively simulate an incandescent lamp. For example, the impedance provided may be fixed with a maximum value to produce a current that slightly exceeds the threshold of the latching and holding current when the dimmer switch 75 is turned on (step 312_ Μ. In an available independent control) In the case of voltage, the matched impedance can be adaptive, and the value is changed according to the charging time of the trigger circuit to capture the current of the latching and holding current threshold, which can be turned on in the dimmer. The AC voltage value is correspondingly defined. 4. Sensing when the dimmer switch 75 is turned on and conducting, and continuing to provide the matched impedance to the dimmer switch 75 to take no more current than the current-preserving threshold ( Step 3)), first establish a process for the device 1 'i〇〇a_g (by active or passive circuit), for example, provide - operation to the control please. The provided matching interface The impedance will be in the process:) 39 201204171 Keeping on, this process may use several complete consecutive cycles of the dimmer switch 75, ie 'charging the trigger capacitor 77, turning on the dimmer switch 75 ( Diac 80) and conducting current through the dimmer 75 = open (step 310--314). 6. Monitor the operating voltage levels of the device 100, 1A, A-G. 7. Upon activation of the power supply reset threshold voltage level, the controller 120 is enabled and switched to a gentle or soft start of the switched power supply 13A. 8. During the transition to a gentle or soft start, continue to provide a matched impedance to the dimmer switch 75 to charge the trigger capacitor, turn the dimmer switch 75 on, and adaptively capture above the latch and then The current holding the current threshold (steps 3 1 0 - 3 14). Thus, during startup of the device 100, the device AG, and the included switching power supply 130, an interface circuit (e.g., 1 15, 2) for any state of the dimmer switch 75 〇〇, 21〇 and/or other interface circuits discussed below) are utilized to provide a suitable impedance to allow sufficient current for the corresponding state of the dimmer switch 75, thereby generating a response The substantial matching of the electrical environment gives each state a combination. Figure 1 is a block diagram and circuit diagram of an apparatus embodiment 100B according to a third example of the teachings of the present invention, a system embodiment i 〇 5B of a third example, and an adaptive interface embodiment 1 1 5B of a third example. Not individually depicted, the device 100B can be coupled to a dimmer switch 75 and an AC line 35 as previously depicted in Figures 8 and 9. By way of example and not limitation, the adaptive interface embodiment 11 5B of the third example can be utilized during startup, gradual or soft start, and other processes (and the state of the switched power supply 130) during period 40 201204171' and Any one or all of the following can be utilized: the same as the 'kneading circuit 200, pingxiong at b day, / ten slow or soft start power interface circuit 2 1 0, and / or a fully operational interface circuit 22◦ 'This is an example and not limiting. Referring to the third embodiment of the adaptive interface embodiment U5B includes a resistive resistive resistor 202), a switch 2〇5, and an optional resistor such as, wherein the resistor 2〇2 is connected by a switch ( Switching of the depletion mode M〇SFET) 2〇5: 妾 to the m-switch 75 (and parallel with the switched-mode power supply 1% 4 switch 205 is provided with no control signal from the control $ 12 〇 Conductive, which provides a relatively low impedance as a substantially matched electrical component and further provides the relatively low impedance as a pre-5 mode, for example, during Vcc generation (steps 310 - 3 14) or It is during the slow or soft start (step 316_32〇). Providing this relatively low resistance is a pre-mode to ensure, for example, that the controller 1 20 and the replacement power supply 13〇 While the individual operating voltages are being generated and may not be fully operational, for example, when the dimmer switch 75 is initially turned on by a user, the dimmer switch 75 operates properly and has sufficient triggering Capacitor charging, latching and holding current through The resistive impedance (electrical appliance 2 〇 2) and switch 2 〇 5 are provided. If during this initial starting time the controller 120 has an independent voltage source (eg a battery) or it develops an operating voltage, The controller 120 can change (adapte) this impedance to an optimum condition as a five-period performance that can be sensed by a voltage and/or current sensor 125A, i25B. After such a start, the controller 12〇 can provide a control signal to the gate of the switch (MOSFET) 205, for example, to modulate the current flowing through the resistor 202 and the switch 205, for example, for the 41 201204171 β-father switching power supply 13 The gradual or soft start power mode of the cymbal, or during the full mode of operation of the ohmic power supply 丨3 ,, during the winter sufficient current can be removed by the switching power supply 13 to reduce or terminate the flow The additional current of the adaptive interface embodiment B 15B. Those skilled in the art, using the principles of the present invention, may suggest various other circuits to be used without any control for such a starting process and a preset mode. A relatively low resistive impedance is provided to the dimmer under the signal. During the gentle or soft start of the system 105B (Fig. i), the controller 120 is associated with the device 1 (and other devices). The stable operation of 〇, i〇〇a, 1卯c2 is ramparily increased to the power of the load (LED) 14 。. The operating switching frequency, output voltage, and output current are typically increased during a gentle or soft on = period. An important parameter for the adaptive interface 115B is to increase the power to the switched power supply 130 from a level below the minimum required to meet the dimmer switch 75 to a bit far beyond the minimum level. Precise to provide power to the LED 140. An exemplary method of gradual or soft start of an switched power supply 130 powered by a dimmer switch 75 is to provide a substantially matched electrical environment to the dimmer switch 75, for example, by providing a resistor The interface of the impedance is 11 5B, the method can be followed by the sequence of the following steps (Fig. 10, steps 316-320): 1. The state of the dimmer switch 75 is switched from the simultaneous phase to the gentleness asynchronously. Or a soft start phase, that is, a gentle or soft start can begin regardless of the state of the dimmer switch 75, such as when the collar is used. . The field switch 75 is any of the three periodic states of charging the trigger capacitor, turning on the dimmer switch 75, and conducting the current through the dimmer switch 75 - 42 201204171. 2. For example, using interface U5B to continue to provide (via an adaptive interface 115) - a substantially matched electrical environment (as is the case with the power supply 13 〇 starting) to keep the dimmer switch 75 in its possible three The action of each state of a state is stable until the turn-in voltage is substantially zero (eg, a zero crossing). Monitoring the state of the dimmer switch 75 after the zero crossing, such that if the dimmer switch 75 is off (a forward dimmer), a matching resistor is provided via an adaptive interface 1 15 The impedance is given to the trigger circuit of the dimmer 75, and if the dimmer switch 75 is conductive (an inverse dimmer), then a matching adaptive interface is provided via an adaptive interface 115 for the adjustment. Light. The total matching power draw to the dimmer switch 75 is equal to the sum of the input power of the switched power supply g 13G and the additional power consumed by the adaptive interface 115. The adaptive power of the example match is not described in more detail below with reference to Figure 14-1. 4. For a forward dimmer, monitoring the dimmer switch from a charge change to a conduction and conduction current state, and providing a matched adaptive power to the dimmer via an adaptive interface 115 The switch is, and provides a resistive impedance of -E hexine to -1 of the reverse _ & 5. is compatible with the periodic state of the dimmer switch 75 and correspondingly periodically changes the match of the dimmer Electrical environment. 6. As the input power of the switched-mode power supply 13 turns increases and becomes the minimum bit required for the stable operation of the dimmer switch 75 to continue, the additional interface of the adaptive interface 115 is gradually removed. The current becomes zero. 7. Switch to a fully operational power mode and interrupt the action of the applicable adaptive interface 115 as necessary or desired. In the meantime, an interface circuit (eg, 2〇〇, 2) for any state of the dimmer switch 75 during the gradual or soft start of the device 100, 100A_G and its included switching power supply 130 And/or the following discussion) is utilized to provide a suitable impedance to allow sufficient current for the corresponding state of the dimming switch 75 and to conduct the dimmer (as discussed in more detail below). Current shaping/control is provided during which a corresponding substantially matched electrical environment is created for each state combination. As the switched-mode power supply 130 ramps up to a full mode of operation, the additional current draw provided by the adaptive interface 115 is reduced while maintaining sufficient current through the dimmer switch for its Any of the charging, conducting, and conducting states. Figure 12 is a block and circuit diagram of an apparatus embodiment 100C, a system example embodiment iC of a fourth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment 115C of a fourth example, in accordance with one of the teachings of the present invention. Not individually depicted, the device 100C can be coupled to a dimmer switch 75 and an AC line 35 as previously depicted in Figures 8 and 9. 13 is a diagram of an example of switching of a dimmer switch, an exemplary adaptive interface 1 15 embodiment, power supplied to an exemplary switched power supply, and exemplary, in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Graphical timing diagram for adaptive interface power utilization. By way of example and not limitation, the adaptive interface embodiment 115c of the fourth example can be utilized in any of the dimmer switches 75 during the start-up and gradual or soft start processes. - 320), may also be utilized during the full mode of operation (step 322), and may be utilized to implement a joint interface circuit? (8) and / or - gradual or soft start of the power interface circuit 21 〇 either or both, this is by way of example and not limitation. The adaptive interface embodiment U5C of the fourth example includes a matching resistive impedance and a fan connected to the dimmer switch 75 by a switch (M〇SFET) 215 to be in the switched power supply' During the start-up of 130 and/or during the gentle or soft start period, a substantial electrical environment is provided to the dimmer switch 75 (for any of its three states). The matched resistive impedance may be fixed or variable by the gate-to-source voltage defined by an optional Zener diode 211 and controlled by the controller 120 Voltage driven. The state of the dimmer switch 75 is sensed by the voltage sensor 125A in this example implementation. When the dimmer switch 7.5 is turning on the controller, the current extraction circuit composed of the resistors 207, 208, 212, 213 and the switch (m〇sfet) 215 is adjusted. The adaptive interface] 15 (: is effectively = the input power of the system 1 () 5C, so that the minimum current through which the dimmer switch is required for stable operation will be exceeded. When the switched power supply The gentle or soft start of the device 13G proceeds to its full operational state and when the dimmer switch 75 is conducting and conducting, the additional power consumed by an adaptive interface U5C gradually becomes zero, ie as shown in FIG. Illustrated in the present invention, an adaptive interface 115 (e.g., n5B or n5C) provides a corresponding and substantially matched electrical environment for the dimming during the startup or gentle or soft start state of the switched-mode power supply 13A. The switch 75, such as 45 201204171, has a fixed or variable impedance that allows sufficient current to pass through the dimmer switch and is greater than or equal to - latching or holding current (when the dimmer is conducting or conducting, step 312) , 314, 318 and domain wo), and provide a motor path for charging the trigger capacitor (when the dimmer is turned off or not, the conducting state is 'Fig. 10', steps 310, 3 16). In the switched power supply During the operating mode of the 70 kings, the electrical environment (eg, a fixed or variable impedance) for the quality matching of the dimmer switch can also be utilized to provide a current path for charging the trigger. Capacitor (when the dimmer is in an off or non-conducting state, Figure 10, step 322). A substantially matched electrical environment is also actively (dynamically) during the full mode of operation of the switched power supply 130 Or passively provided. In various exemplary embodiments, a resonant mode is generated for controlling a peak current when the dimmer switch 75 is turned on, the current system being further actively modulated to avoid excessive The current level while maintaining the minimum latching and holding current of the dimmer switch 75 is as discussed in more detail below. Referring again to Figure 9 an optional filter capacitor 235 can be implemented, for example, to provide Power Factor Correction. The filter capacitor 235 can be connected after the rectification H 110 as shown or between the rectifier " 调 and dimmer switch 75. However, such filtering The inclusion of capacitor 235 can act to extend and delay the charging time required for the trigger capacitor 77. For example, various models have shown that when this filter capacitor 235 is utilized, it is used to charge when connected to an incandescent bulb. The 3 ms delay of capacitor 77 may be extended to 4.2 ms 'because of the low voltage of trigger capacitor 77, this potential may cause the non-trigger of the two-terminal AC switch 85 even after charging for half of the 201204171 period. To avoid this Excessive delay in charging of the flip-flop capacitor 77, according to embodiments of the example, the capacitance of the filter capacitor 2 3 5 should not exceed the magnitude of the capacitance of the trigger capacitor 77 by three orders of magnitude. In an exemplary embodiment, the filter capacitor 235 is relatively small, on the order of 0.5 - 2.5 // F' and is more specific in the various exemplary embodiments to be approximately or substantially 0.1 - 0.2 " It is on the order of magnitude because the larger filter capacitor 23 5 will prevent charging of the trigger capacitor (77). However, the use of such a relatively small filter capacitor 253, without the additional components set forth in the exemplary novel embodiments and discussed below, will allow for a large amount of time when the dimmer switch 75 is turned "on" And potentially excessive peak currents enter the switched power supply 13A, which may be particularly detrimental to the switched power supply 130. Thus, in order to avoid this peak inrush current, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention generates and modulates a resonant process during the full mode of operation of the switched-mode power supply 130 while the dimmer switch 75 is conducting. (FIG. 1, step 324), for example, by utilizing an adaptive interface 115D, 115E, and/or 115F, as described and discussed in more detail below with reference to Figures 14-16 and Figures 20-23. The generation and modulation of such a resonant process can also be utilized during the chirp state of the switched power supply 130 and the dimmer switch 75, for example, a gentle or soft start when the dimmer switch π is conducting. The period (step 3 1 8) is either during the transition from a gentle or soft start to a full mode of operation. , a device _ and a 〇〇 (: also includes a voltage sensor 125A that can be utilized to sense the state of the 5 illuminator switch 75. Alternatively, other dust-like sensing S 125 may be equivalent The ground is utilized to determine the state of the dimmer switch 75 47 201204171. When the sensor ! 25 indicates that the dimmer switch 75 is off due to the zero voltage of a forward dimmer, or In the case of a type of dimmer, when the dimmer is turned off, the voltage across the input filter capacitor 235 drops to a very small value. About this time, during the full operating mode, the control g 120 is Turning on at least a switch of the switched power supply $ (eg, '285 in FIG. 17), the open relationship via at least a magnetic winding (such as the primary winding of the flyback transformer 28〇 in FIG. 17, or for example An inductor of inductor 236 of Figures 14-16 is shown in series connected to the input. Because it operates in a switching power supply in the actual range of frequencies from 5 〇 KHZ to 1 MHz; the filter capacitor 3 235 The capacitance of the capacitor and the inductor is quite small, charging the trigger The external impedance of $77 is quite small and is in the range of - incandescent bulb values thus allowing sufficient current to charge the trigger capacitor 77 (Fig. 1A, step 322). Thus, in full operation mode and from During a gentle or soft start transition to a full mode of operation, and during charging of the trigger capacitor 77, circuitry in the switched mode power supply 3 130 can be utilized to ensure sufficient charging current (in addition to ensuring adequate latching) And maintaining the current) without the need for additional resistive impedance or current draw for this purpose, etc. to draw additional species during a 70 full mode of operation and when powered by a dimmer switch 75 Providing a substantially matched electrical environment for the dimmer switch 75 to operate with a switched power supply 130 and an input filter capacitor 235 (having a relatively low capacitance, i.e., a small capacitor) The method of the device may include the following sequence (Fig. 1A, step 48 201204171 322): 1 Monitor the state of the dimmer switch 75. 2. Tian Tian § Luminaire switch When the 75 has been turned off, the switch of the switching power supply 1 is turned on in a substantially maximum actual duty cycle (up to 100%), and the switch is in the -first-switch mode (Fig. 1 〇 'Step 322) ( And, for example, monitoring based on voltage or current levels (eg, 115B, 115C), if ', desired, or desired, for example, using an adaptive interface 1 1 $ to effectively provide an additional current path. Allowing charging of the trigger capacitor.) For such charging of the trigger capacitor during the full mode of operation, it should be noted that components within the Schottky power supply 13G can be utilized to provide the current path to accommodate this Kind of charging, not its extra components. ~ 3. Continue with the substantial maximum duty cycle (if it is less than 100% (ioo ° / 〇) switch the switching power supply 13 该 in the first mode, or keep the switching power supply 13 〇 a DC mode (if the substantially maximum duty cycle is 100%). 4. When the Tianhe light fader switch 75 is turned on, operating the switched power supply benefit 130 in a second switching mode with The switching power supply 130' is, for example, a feedback period determined by voltage or current sensors 125A, 125B, or a return period from another circuit component, such as a return current of the IED 丨 4 () current. As mentioned above, a certain type of magnetic winding (e.g., an inductor 236 or transformer) will be connected in series to the rectifier 某个 at some point during the switching cycle of the switched power supply 130. This filter 49 201204171 capacitor 235 and magnetic winding (inductor 236) can function to reduce the performance reliability of the dimmer switch 75 without introducing an embodiment according to the examples: corresponding substantially matched electrical The system 'utilizes methods other than those discussed for the start-up and smooth or soft start of the switched-mode power supply 13' to provide this during a full mode of operation (after a gentle or soft start) The switching power supply 13 has a better performance. Figure 20 is a diagram depicting an inductor or other magnetic winding (without additional circuitry), such as the circuit of Figure 14, and if no resistor 2 is included. 3 7 (relative to embodiments of the present invention), a waveform diagram of an exemplary voltage and current waveform that is turned on in a resonant mode, although the peak current 611 and voltage 612 waveforms are damped oscillations. And by including an inductor 236 at an excessive current level, but during the time from t3 to t4, another problem may arise, as indicated by the depicted model, the current of the dimmer switch 75 Substantially zero, this may result in failure of the dimmer switch 75 and cause perceptible flicker.

However, 'various experimental models and theoretical analysis indicate the case of typical inductance and capacitance values of a conventional switched power supply because the filter capacitor 235 may be turned on when the dimmer switch 75 is turned "on" Discharge, so the turn-on of the dimmer switch 75 will generate transient voltage and current levels, which may be related to the dimmer switch 75. An unstable oscillatory interface is created. In order to avoid such an unstable oscillating interface with the dimmer switch 75, an adaptive interface 115D 50 utilizing a shape or changing the current supplied through the dimmer switch 75 is utilized in accordance with the exemplary embodiments. 201204171 to bring a substantial matching electrical environment. Figure 14 is a block diagram and circuit diagram of an apparatus embodiment 100D, a fifth example system embodiment 051D, and a fifth example adaptive interface embodiment n 5D, in accordance with one of the teachings of the present invention. 21 is an exemplary modeled transient voltage 6 描绘 depicting a device embodiment according to a fifth example of the teachings of the present invention, a system embodiment of a fifth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of a fifth example. 6 and current ό 1 5 waveform waveform. Not individually depicted, the device 1 〇〇D can be coupled to a dimmer switch 75 and an AC line 35 as previously depicted in Figures 8 and 9. The adaptive interface 115D is an exemplary passive embodiment of the fully operational interface circuit 22, which is by way of example and not limitation. The adaptive interface 1 1 5D includes a resistor 237 connected in parallel with the inductor 236, and the inductor 236 and the capacitor 235A form a resonant circuit. When the resonant current reaches its peak, the voltage across the inductor 236 changes polarity and is partially discharged through the resistor 237 ' thereby reducing the dip input current into the switching power supply 13 and preventing current The filter capacitor 235A is further charged while allowing sufficient latching and holding current to the dimmer switch 75. The adaptive interface U5D provides a passive method of interfacing the dimmer switch 75 and the switching power supply 13A by transmitting a current that shapes the dimmer switch 75 during the resonance process. To provide a substantially matched electrical environment, and the adaptive interface 115D provides latching and holding currents that are above any typical minimum of a dimmer switch 75. As depicted in Figure 2, the experimental model indicates significant damping and effective elimination of any unwanted oscillations after the switch is turned on (waveform 613), and the step-by-step provides a minimum of approximately 96 mA. Photonic switch 75 current (current waveform 615), which is a value above the typical holding current level (eg, 50 mA), while the blocking current has been shown to be approximately 782 mA, which is also above the typical minimum blocking current threshold. . According to an exemplary embodiment, the predetermined or preselected manner of the inductance and capacitance of the resonating member external to the dimmer switch 75 (or a characteristic impedance, such as the approximately 250 ohm value mentioned below) is such that The peak resonant current exceeds the value of the latching current of the dimmer switch 75 at any AC value and when conducting, and further reasonable to avoid damaging the dimmer switch 75 and the components of the switched power supply 1 30 or Quite low. For a 110V (220V) operating environment, one or more inductors having a combined inductance of approximately 16 _ 24mH (4 〇 - 5 〇 mH), and more specifically 18 _ 22 mH (43 _ 47 mH) are utilized (eg, Implementing two inductors of inductor 236 at each 6 8 mH (each 15 mH)) provides a range of capacitance values of about 2 〇〇 _ 3 〇〇 ohms for the filter capacitor range described previously, and Specifically, the overall characteristic impedance is approximately 250 ohms. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an apparatus embodiment 100H according to a ninth example of the teachings of the present invention, a system embodiment 1〇5H of a ninth example, and an adaptation of an eighth example 14 " face embodiment 1丨5 H Block and circuit diagram. FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating an apparatus embodiment of a ninth example, a system embodiment 105H of a ninth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of an eighth example in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. A waveform diagram of the modeled transient current waveform. Not individually depicted, the device 1H can be coupled to a dimmer switch 75 and an -Ac line 35 as previously depicted in Figures 8 and 9. Also not individually depicted, the device 100H may also include additional or other currents and/or 52 201204171 • (voltage sensor. For example and without limitation, the adaptive interface n 5H of this example can be started and smoothed Any state during which the soft start process is utilized for the dimmer switch 75 (step 31〇_32〇) may also be utilized during the full operational mode 'month (step 322)' and may be utilized to implement One or both of the start interface circuit 200 and/or a gradual or soft start power interface circuit 21A, which is an example and non-limiting, the adaptive interface 丨 15H is also one of the full operation interface circuits 220 Example passive embodiment, which is also by way of example and not limitation. The adaptive interface 丨丨5H includes a resistor 44〇 connected in series to the electric grid 445 and also connected to the inductor 236, and the inductor 236 and capacitor 445 form a resonant circuit. The resistor 440 is also connected in parallel with the "pole body 45", which also provides a discharge path for the capacitor 445 to enter the switching power supply 13 〇, thereby avoiding a large number of resistors. Power loss. When the resonant current reaches its peak, the voltage across the inductor 236 changes polarity and is partially discharged through the resistor 44 and enters the capacitor 445 (and also into the capacitor 235A), thereby reducing the An inrush current enters the switched-mode power supply 13A, dampens the oscillations, and prevents current from further charging the filter capacitor 235A while allowing sufficient latching and holding current to the dimmer switch 75. The adaptive interface U5H provides the A passive embodiment of the dimmer switch 75 and the method of interfacing the switched power supply 13A provides a substantially matched electrical conductivity by shaping the current of the dimmer switch 75 during the resonant process. The environment, and the adaptive interface U5D provides latching and holding currents that are higher than any typical = ^ small value of a dimmer switch 75. As depicted in Figure 25, the experimental model indicates significant after the switch is turned on. Damping and effectively eliminating any oscillations (waveform 640) that are not required for 201204171 'and further 7 know: for a minimum dimmer of about 200 mA to open Turn off the 75 current, which is the value of the typical holding current level (for example, 50 mA), and also the typical minimum blocking current threshold. As mentioned above, according to the adaptation Sexual interface U5H 夕r Αι & - a , 丨 ^ i 〇it example of the example, the harmony of the components outside the dimmer switch 75 and the inductance of the components of the beta & The preset value of the capacitance value (or a characteristic impedance) is pre-selected or pre-selected. The current of the peak resonance exceeds the dimmer switch 75 at any ΑΓ佶0 — $ 2 + you 1 士17 AL value and the value of the blocking current when conducting, and further to avoid fingering. / q J粑 Brothers and the state switch 75 and the components of the switched power supply 1 30 are reasonable or relatively low. The adaptive interface 115H can also be considered to include two interface circuits, a first interface circuit (either a separate resistor 44A, or a combined capacitor 445 (as a reactive impedance) and/or a diode 45〇), It provides - (at least partially) resistive impedance in a predetermined mode, and a second interface circuit (inductor 236 and coupler 445 and/or capacitor 235A) that is coupled to the dimming II switch 75 A resonant process occurs when turned on. The at least partially resistive impedance (resistor 440) acts further to dampen the oscillations and limit any initial current inrush while further avoiding reducing the current to zero after the end of the oscillation. A device for power conversion, wherein the device is coupled to a first phase modulation dimmer switch, the first phase modulation dimmer is coupled to an alternating current (AC) power source, The device 1〇〇H can also be coupled to a solid state illumination, which can be considered to include: a switched power supply (丨3 〇) '· a first adaptive interface circuit comprising an at least partially resistive The impedance conducts current from the first switch in a predetermined mode, and a second suitable circuit is used to generate a resonant process when the first switch is turned on. The first adaptive interface circuit can include a resistor (440) and can further include a diode (45A) coupled in parallel with the resistor. The second adaptive interface circuit can be considered to include: an inductor (236) coupled to the resistor (44A); and a capacitor (445) coupled in series to the resistor (44A). In other words, the first adaptive interface circuit and the second adaptive interface circuit comprise: an inductor (236); a resistor β (440) coupled to the inductor (236); A capacitor (445) of the resistor (44); and a diode (450) coupled in parallel with the resistor (44A) and further coupled to the inductor (236). A filter capacitor (235 Α) can also be coupled in parallel with the series coupled resistor (44 〇) and capacitor (445). Figure 26 is a block diagram and circuit diagram of an apparatus embodiment iooj, a tenth exemplary system embodiment l〇5j, and a ninth exemplary adaptive interface embodiment 115J depicting a tenth example in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Figure 27 is a diagram showing an apparatus embodiment according to a tenth example of the teachings of the present invention, a tenth example system, a prior embodiment i〇5J, and a ninth example adaptive interface example 11 The waveform diagram of the modeled transient voltage and current waveforms of the example of 5 J is not individual, and the device 1 〇〇J can be connected to the green as in the previous figures 8 and 9 Day g, day, production " Zhou Guangshi switch 75 and an AC line 35. Also not individually drawn is that the ancient female rent, ° device 100 00 J can also include additional or other current and / or electricity [sense state. By way of example and not limitation, the apparatus of the tenth example can be utilized in any state of the dimmer switch 7 ς & 5 during both the start-up and the gradual or soft start process (steps 310-32). ), may also be utilized during a full mode of operation (step 322), and may be utilized to implement either or both of the 55 201204171 start interface circuit 200 and/or a gentle or soft start power interface circuit 21A This is an example and not limiting. The device embodiment iooj of the tenth example includes a matched resistive impedance (resistor 48A) coupled in series to the (filter) capacitor 46A, which is coupled to another matched resistive impedance (resistor) 470 and 475) are coupled in parallel (which is also connected to the shai dimmer switch 75 via the rectifier 11 ,) to provide a during the startup of the switched-mode power supply 及3〇 and/or during a gentle or soft start A substantially matched electrical environment is given to the dimmer switch 75 (for any of its three states). When the dimmer switch 75 is turned "on", the capacitor 46 is charged through the resistor 48, which acts to limit the peak current, and the driver 460 also provides power factor correction. The matched resistive impedance (resistor 48A) coupled in series to the (filter) capacitor 460 provides a first current path 'and the s-capacitor 460 is connected in series with the switch (M〇SFET) 455 to provide a second The current path maintains sufficient hold and latch current in a preset mode. In addition to providing an input voltage sensing function, the additional matching impedances (resistors 47A and 475) may be considered to provide a third current path in conjunction with the resistors 470, 475 or further in combination with the capacitor 465. In addition, the resistors 47A, 475 and capacitors 465 allow the switch (MOSFET) 455 to be passively turned on without active control, although active control is optionally provided (using the line 485 depicted by the dashed line). Thereby another current path (current draw) is provided through the helium switch 455 to maintain sufficient holding and blocking currents while reducing resistive power losses. The latter matching impedance can be controlled by a pole-to-source voltage defined by resistor 475 and capacitor 465, or can be varied and driven by a control voltage from controller 1 2〇 56 201204171. The adaptive interface 115J effectively adjusts the input power of the system 105J such that the minimum current required to pass the dimmer switch 75 for stable operation of the dimmer switch 75 is exceeded. A corresponding voltage waveform 642 and current waveform 641 are depicted in Figure 27, which shows that the peak current is limited to approximately 18 mA. This peak current limit can be preset or preselected based on the resistance of resistor 480. In addition, the size of the switch (μ(10)f) 455 can be determined for a corresponding input voltage, for example, 2 〇〇V in the United States or 4 〇〇v in Europe, which is by way of example and not limitation. .  . . The voltage divider formed by resistors 470, 475 (or also in combination with capacitor 465) also functions as a voltage detector (e.g., for input voltage levels). The resistor 47G 475 (or 疋 also incorporates capacitor 465) can also be considered to constitute an interface tamper that automatically modulates the gate of the switch (MOSFET) 455, thereby also regulating through the switch (M) 〇SFET) 455 and the capacitor's full current. ° The adaptive interface 115J can also be considered to include one or more interface circuits 'eg, a first interface circuit, which is provided in a preset mode: a resistive and a reactive impedance for conducting current ( The resistor is combined with the capacitor 460) and the "the: interface circuit (electrical ^ _ switch MOSFET) 455) 纟 is in the dimmer switch 75 has been turned on and sufficient power has been generated in the switch _SFET) 455 (four) pole Providing a second current path, the two interface circuits are further used to produce when the dimmer switch Μ is turned on. A compensating damping process is generated and any initial current dissipation is limited, while the further steps allow sufficient current to flow to maintain the holding and blocking current levels. Or is the 'adaptive interface!' (5) can be considered as a single interface circuit that provides these 57 201204171 functions. Thus, during the start-up or gentle or soft start state of the switched-mode power supply 13A, an adaptive interface 115 such as 11511 or 115J also provides a corresponding and quality-matched electrical environment for the dimmer switch 75, such as a fixed or variable impedance, which allows sufficient current through the dimmer switch 75 to be greater than or equal to a latching or holding current (when the dimmer is conducting or conducting, step 312, 314, 318 and/or 32 〇) and providing a current path for charging the trigger capacitor (when the dimmer is in an off or non-conducting state, Figure 3, steps 3, 3) During the full mode of operation of the switched power supply 130, as discussed above, a substantially matched electrical environment (e.g., a solid or variable impedance) for the dimmer switch 75 can also be utilized to provide a current path for charging the trigger capacitor (when the dimmer is in an off or non-conducting state, Figure 10, step 322). Figure 28 is a diagram depicting one of the teachings in accordance with the present invention. Example device embodiment 100 K, a system example 105 of a first example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of a tenth example, a block and circuit diagram of 5 κ. It is not separately depicted that the device 100 can be coupled to the same as in the previous figure. 8 and 9 are a lighter switch 75 and an AC line 35. Also, the device 100Κ may include additional or other current and/or voltage senses, and The non-limiting 'adapted interface of the example 1 1 5 Κ can be utilized in any state of the dimmer switch 75 during both the start-up and the gentle or soft start process (step 31〇_32〇), or The full mode of operation is utilized (step 322) and can be utilized to implement any of the dynamic interface circuit 58 201204171 200 gentle or soft start power interface circuit 210, and/or a full operation ® circuit 220. The operation of the interface ii 5K is similar to the adaptive interface 1 1 5 先 described earlier with reference to Figure 24, but this is an exemplary active traverse and is by way of example and not limitation. The adaptive interface includes a series connection To capacitor 445 and also The inductor is connected to the resistor 440, and the inductor 236 and the capacitor 445 form a resonant circuit. The resistor 44 is also connected in parallel with the diode, which also provides a discharge circuit for the capacitor 445 to enter the switching power supply. The supplier (4), thereby avoiding a large loss of resistive power loss. When the current of the vibrations reaches their peak, the voltage across the inductor 236 changes polarity and is partially discharged through the resistor 440 and enters the capacitor 445 ( And also entering the capacitor 235A) thereby reducing the inrush current into the switching power supply P oscillating, and preventing the current from further charging the filter capacitor 235A' while allowing sufficient latching and holding current to the dimmer The switch 75 〇 adapts to the f " face 11 5K provides an active implementation of the dimmer switch 75 and the switching power supply 1 130, which is shaped by the transmission during the resonance process The current of the dimmer switch 75 provides a solid-matched electrical environment, and the adaptive interface 115K provides latching above any typical minimum of the dimming H switch 75. And keep current. In this exemplary embodiment, the resistive network (consisting of resistors 446 and 447 configured in series as a voltage divider) provides status information about the dimmer switch 75 to the controller 12, wherein the control The device 12 then passes through the MOSFET driver circuit (the d control switch 59 201204171 455A is not individually depicted in an on and off state. In an exemplary embodiment, the switch (m〇SFET) 455A is at the dimmer switch 75 When turned off, it is in an on state, and then after the dimmer switch 75 is turned on, it is turned off after a slight delay of the order of 2 〇〇 3 〇〇 microseconds, which is at the switch (m〇sfet) 4 A provides a start-up and smooth or soft start process in an on state, and then provides a reduction in possible power loss during a full mode of operation when the switch (MOSFET) 455A is in an off state. As described above, depending on the adaptation In an exemplary embodiment of the interface 115, the predetermined or preselected manner of the inductance and capacitance (or a characteristic impedance) of the resonant component outside the illuminator switch 75 is such that the peak resonant current exceeds s The value of the latching current of the switch 75 at any AC value and when conducting, and further reasonable or relatively low to avoid damaging the components of the dimmer switch 75 and the switched power supply 1 30. The adaptive interface 1 15Κ can also be considered to include two interface circuits, a first interface circuit (single resistor 440, or a combination capacitor 445 (as a reactive impedance) and/or a diode 45〇), which is tied to A predetermined mode provides an (at least partial) resistive impedance and a second interface circuit (inductor 236, switch (MOSFET) 455 A and capacitor 445 and/or capacitor 23 5A) to which the dimmer is attached A resonant process occurs when switch 75 is turned on. At least a portion of the resistive impedance (resistor 440) acts further to dampen the oscillations and limit any initial current inrush while further avoiding reducing the current to zero after the end of the oscillation. The device 100K for power conversion, wherein the device is coupled to a first phase modulation dimmer switch, the first phase modulation dimmer switch 60 201204171 is coupled to an alternating current AC) power supply, the device lighting, can be considered to include: - Switched electric two can also be consuming to - solid-state adaptive interface circuit, which includes at least one of the first - in a smashing machine The knives are resistive impedances, and the current is conducted from the first switch in a mode; the interface circuit is used in the first place. a .  When the switch is turned on, an accelerating process is generated, and then the shutdown mode is allowed and the full "mechanical mode" of additional power loss is allowed. 4th-adaptability (, and may further include... ^ 'The road includes - resistor M Bu" The resistor is coupled in parallel with the diode (45 0). The second adaptive interface circuit Xueyang circuit is considered to include: a coupling to the resistor (440 An inductor (236); a capacitor connected to the resistor (440) and a switch (455Α) β coupled in series to the capacitor (445) and further connected to the controller (10) In other words, the first adaptive interface circuit and the second adaptive interface circuit comprise: an inductor (236); - a resistor that is lightly connected to the inductor (236) (4 you-series face to the A resistor (440) and a capacitor (445) of the switch (455A); and a dummy resistor (440) are connected in parallel and further connected to the diode (45G) of the inductor (236).- The filter 'wave capacitor (235A) can also be connected in parallel with the serially connected electric P (440) and the electric bar (445). Can also contain one. A resistive network (e.g., a voltage divider including resistors 446, 447) provides information about the status of the dimmer switch 75 to the controller. 29 is a block diagram of a device embodiment 1 00L according to a twelfth example of the teachings of the present invention, a system example 1 〇 5L of a twelfth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment 115L of an eleventh example. And circuit diagram. Not individually depicted is that the device 100L can be coupled to a dimmer switch 75 and an AC line 35 as previously described in Figures 8 and 9 of 201204171. Also, the 疋4 device 100L, which is not individually green, may also include additional or other current and/or voltage sensing. By way of example and not limitation, the adaptive interface of the example 1 1 5L· can be utilized in any state of the dimmer switch 75 during both the start-up and the gentle or soft start process (steps 3 10 - 320). It may be utilized during a full mode of operation (step 322) and may be utilized to implement either a dynamic interface circuit 200, a gentle or soft start power interface circuit 210, and/or a fully operational & surface circuit 220 . The adaptive interface i丨5L of this example is also particularly suitable. 1 .  A wide and expanded dimmer range of 10,000 orders of magnitude while providing excellent stability. For the illustrated embodiment, when the dimmer switch 75 is turned off, a relatively low and fixed impedance is provided to the dimmer switch 75 to charge the trigger capacitor (C1, 77). A switch (M0SFET) 74 is connected to the rectified voltage line (line 746) via resistor 7〇3. At start-up, the switch (m〇sfet) 740 is turned on and charges (via diode 712) the Vcc capacitor 46A to provide during startup of the switched-mode power supply port 30 and/or during a gentle or soft start. A substantially matched electrical environment (and first current path) is given to the dimmer switch 75 (for any of its three states). When the Vcc capacitor 46A has been charged to approximately a power-on reset voltage level of the switched-mode power supply 13A, the switched-mode power supply 13 is turned "on" and generates a voltage (or other signal) on line 745. The voltage (or other signal) is a turn-on switch (MOSFET) 730 and turns off the switch (MOSFET) 740, which effectively terminates the pre-charging of the Vcc capacitor 460 and provides a second current path (connected resistor 702 and Switch (M〇SFET) 730). At approximately the same 62 201204171 time, the switch (MOSFET) 735 is turned "on" and in series with the switch (MOSFET) 740, which then provides a third current path (switch in series) when the switch (MOSFET) 740 may be switched back on. 703 and switch (MOSFET) 740 and switch (MOSFET) 735). A dual carrier junction transistor (BJT) 720 is utilized as a sensor to determine the state of the dimmer switch 75 and to further control switching of the switches (MOSFETs) 740 and 730. A dual carrier junction transistor (BJT) 720 is connected between the Vcc voltage level (on line 747) and the rectified line voltage (on line 746). When the rectified voltage is less than the voltage across the Zener diode 714 (typically about 5V), the transistor (BJT) 720 is turned off (or open), and the switch (MOSFET) 725 is in In turn-on state, this turns off the switch (MOSFET) 730 and turns on the switch (MOSFET) 740. Thus, when the dimmer switch 75 is off, the switch (MOSFET) 740 is conductive, and another current path is provided through resistor 703, switch (MOSFET) 740, and switch (MOSFET) 735. The trigger capacitor (C1, 77) of the dimmer switch 75 is now charged through the relatively low resistance of the (relatively small) resistor 703 until a trigger voltage level is reached and the dimmer switch 75 is turned "on" . The rectified voltage is (substantially immediately) increased, the system conducts a crystal (BJT) 720 and turns off the switch (MOSFET) 740, wherein the other current path passes through the resistor 702 and the switch (MOSFET) 730. Provide it. The device embodiment 100L of the twelfth example includes a matched resistive impedance (resistor 703) that is switchably coupled in series via a switch (MOSFE': T) 740 and a diode 7 1 2 Connected to (filter or Vcc) capacitor 63 201204171 460, and the series connected components are switchably matched to another resistor | raw impedance (resistor 702) and switch (MOSFET) 730 (resistor 709 also Parallel coupling together (the components are also connected to the dimmer switch 75 via the rectifier 1 10) to provide substantially - matching electrical during startup of the switched-mode power supply 13 及 and/or during a gentle or soft start The environment is given to the dimmer switch 75 (for any of its three states). When the dimmer switch 75 is turned on, the capacitor 460 is charged through a resistor 703 (and a switch (M〇SFET) 74A and a diode 712), which is used to limit the peak current. The muscle, in which capacitor 460 also potentially provides power factor correction. The switchable ground (via switch (MOSFET) 740 and diode 712) is coupled in series with a matched resistive impedance (resistor 7 〇 3) of (filter or vcc) capacitor 460 to provide a first current path, The matched resistive impedance (resistor 7〇2) in series with the switch (M〇SFET) 73〇 provides a second current path and is switchably (via a switch (M〇SFET) 74〇 and a switch (m) 〇sfet) is a 5 coupled matching resistive impedance (resistor 7〇3) that provides a third current path to maintain sufficient hold and latch current in a predetermined mode. In addition to providing an input voltage sense In addition to the function, the additional matching impedance (resistance thief 470 and 475) can also be considered to provide a fourth current path. During typical operation, the power loss through the adaptive interface 丨丨5 L is relatively small. Because it is turned on at a very low line voltage. In addition, the dimming angle is reduced by about 1 〇 15 degrees, which shifts the dimmer switch to a higher operating voltage range, and thereby It is more stable. Thus, at the switched power supply 130 During the start or smooth or soft start period, the ' _ adaptive interface ii 5 (eg i ^ 5K or 11 5L) also mentions 64 201204171 for a corresponding and substantially matching electrical environment for the dimmer switch 75, such as a fixed Or a variable impedance allows sufficient current to pass through the dimmer switch Μ greater than or equal to a latching or holding current (when the dimmer is conducting or conducting, steps 312, 314, 318, and/or 32〇) And providing a current path for charging the trigger capacitor (when the dimmer is in an off or non-conducting state, Figure 10, steps 31, 316). Complete at the switched power supply 130 During the mode of operation, the substantially matching electrical environment (eg, a fixed or variable impedance) for the dimmer switch 75 can also be utilized to provide a current path for charging the trigger capacitor (when the The dimmer is in a closed or non-conducting state, Figure 1 〇, step 322). Figure 30 is a diagram depicting a device 100M and a thirteenth example of a thirteenth example in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. System embodiment 1〇5M square And the circuit diagram. The device 1〇ΟΜ and the system 1〇5M operate as previously described for the devices 100G and 1〇5G (of FIG. 17), but now include a chopping cancellation circuit 80 (^ a chopping cancellation circuit) 8〇〇 can be utilized in any of the apparatus and system embodiments described herein, and is depicted as part of device 1〇〇M and system 105M to demonstrate that its location is at switched power supply 130 ( Illustrated in Figure 30 as a switched power supply i3a)) and a 1:ed 140. Figure 31 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting a chopping cancellation circuit 800A in accordance with one example of the teachings of the present invention. An exemplary chopping cancellation circuit 8A, 800A is particularly useful for very low dimming, for example, a 1: 1 ' 'where the output of the dimmer switch 75 may drop to less than 1 W, For example at 0. 5-0. In the range of 6W. Regardless of any interface circuit 115, one is designed to work at 6〇〇w or i〇〇〇w 65 201204171 devices at 0. Below 5W may be quite unpredictable, and it may cause a low frequency dimmer chopping, which produces a visible LED 140 flicker. As discussed in more detail below, an exemplary chopping cancellation circuit 8A, 800A can be utilized to eliminate such chopping at low power levels while at the same power level. Avoid causing increased power loss. Referring to Figure 31, an input voltage VIN from the switched power supply 13A is provided at node 865, and an output voltage output to LED 14A is provided at node 870. The first and second (BJT) transistors 8〇5, 810 and the resistors 845 and 85 are used as a differential amplifier circuit. Using a first Zener diode 820 and resistors 83A, 835, a reference voltage is applied to the base of the first transistor 〇5 at node 880, and the base of the second transistor 810 is utilized. Nanodiode 825 and resistors 855, 860 receive a feedback voltage at node 875. A negative feedback loop is formed using the collector of the first transistor 805, the transfer transistor 815, the second Zener diode 825, and resistors 855, 86A. The differential amplifier circuit and transfer transistor 815 are effectively analogous to an operational amplifier circuit operation. This allows the feedback voltage at the blackout'75 to be substantially the same as the reference voltage at node 88〇. For example, if the feedback voltage at node 875 is greater than the reference voltage at node 870, then the voltage at the emitter of second transistor 8 被 is pulled higher 'this is off-first transistor 8 〇5, allowing the voltage at the collector of the first transistor 8〇5 to rise, lowering the voltage drop across the resistor 845, thereby turning off or modulating the transfer transistor 815' because of its gate-to-source voltage The second reduction 'this leads to a lower output power M at node 870, which lowers the feedback voltage at node 875 (from the partial pressure including resistors 855, 86 66 66 201204171 L 〇 two examples and 5 'If the feedback voltage at point 875 is less than the voltage at the node, the first transistor 8〇5 is turned on. This system is added to the page across the resistance piano + r- II. Voltage drop and decrease The collector & at the first transistor 8〇5 is turned on or more conductive to the pass transistor 815 because its gate-to-source voltage has increased, which leads to 'at the node' point 870- Higher output voltage, while the 摇 ^ ^ 〇〇 〇〇 在 在 在 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 875 The values of the resistors 830, 835, 855, and 860 can be trimmed to allow the output voltage provided at node 87 to be any desired fraction (or multiple) of the input voltage provided at node (6). A low-pass chopper comprising a capacitor 84G and resistors 835, 840 is utilized to avoid a disturbance in the reference voltage of the node (4) following the input voltage ViN of the node (eg Ac chopping), thereby Preventing AC chopping or other perturbations in the left VlN of the node 865 from appearing in the output voltage provided by node 87. The values of the resistors, 835, and capacitor_ can be adjusted to provide the desired or selected frequency response. However, at higher voltage and/or current levels, embodiments of the example are avoided when the flicker is not perceived at a higher brightness level (from the pass transistor 8丨5) The efficiency loss. Thus, at a higher output voltage level, the second Zener diode 825 is utilized to clamp the voltage level of the feedback voltage at node 875. This results in the first transistor 8 〇5 is quite strong (or quite strongly) conductive The voltage across resistor 845 results in a large gate-to-source electrical waste on the transfer transistor 815, which is then also relatively strongly (or quite strongly) turned on, This effectively shorts the output voltage provided at node 870 to the input voltage Vin of node 865 67 201204171, thereby allowing the AC chopping to occur at the output voltage provided by node 87 and avoiding across the pass transistor 815. Voltage drop (and correspondingly avoiding power loss). Additional control stability is provided by the use of the first Zener diode 82. For example, providing a corresponding output voltage from the input voltage and current levels and Current level. The delay may create instability on the control provided by controller 12, which may overcorrect and produce oscillation. Thus, the first Zener diode 820 is utilized to quickly pull up the reference voltage at node 88 and charge capacitor 840 when the turn-on voltage Vin of node 865 rises rapidly, which is allowed at node 87. The output voltage is rapidly reversed; it should be a large increase in the input voltage vIN of node 865. A second method of equipping a device 100, 100A-H having an switched power supply 13A and an input filter capacitor 235 (having a relatively low capacitance 'ie, a small capacitor), During a full mode of operation and when powered by a dimmer switch 75, the method provides the dimmer switch 75 by providing a substantially matching electrical environment when the dimmer switch 75 has been turned on, The method can include the following sequence (Fig. 1 〇, step 326 or steps 324-326): 1 • Monitor the resonant current after the dimmer switch 75 is turned on. 2. When the resonant current has reached its peak, an adaptive surface 115 (eg, Π5Ε, U5F) is used to adaptively provide the first interface mode as an additional transient path for the current to This current transfer avoids resonant charging of the filter capacitor 235 while maintaining the current of the dimmer switch 75 above the hold (or latch) current threshold. 68 201204171 3.  Starting at the adaptive interface 115 (as an additional transient circuit) and not exceeding the average power consumed by the switched power supply 1 30 during the mains cycle, determined by the corresponding feedback or Set the real negative to allow the instantaneous input power of 3 noon to drive the switching power supply 130 ° 4.  'interrupting the use of the adaptive interface 1 15 and switching to the state when the resonant inductor has discharged its stored energy or after the resonant current has substantially reached its peak value - a predetermined period of time A dimmer switch 75 and a second interface mode of the switched power supply 1 30. The method of this example can be implemented, for example, using the circuitry depicted in Figures 15-17. Figure 15 is a system embodiment of a device embodiment 100E, a sixth example of a sixth example in accordance with the teachings of the present invention!方块5E, and a block and circuit diagram of the adaptive interface embodiment 1 15E of a sixth example. 22 is a modeled transient voltage 621 and current depicting an embodiment of a sixth example, a system embodiment of a sixth example, and an example of an adaptive interface embodiment of a sixth example, in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. 620, 622 waveform waveform diagram. . Not individually depicted, the device 100E can be coupled to a dimmer switch 75 and a gossip line 35 as previously depicted in Figures 8 and 9. The adaptive interface 115E implements a fully operational interface circuit 22, which is by way of example and not limitation. The adaptive interface 115E includes an inductor 236, resistors 238 and 239, a switch (transistor) 240, a Zener diode 24A, and a blocking diode 242. The inductor 236 and the filter capacitor 235A form a circuit that is ancient. A transistor 240 is connected in series with the resistor 239 and the diodes 69 201204171 and 242 and across (parallel) the inductor 236. The base of transistor 240 is also coupled to inductor 236 via a resistor 238. The barrier diode 242 and the Zener diode 241 prevent conduction of the transistor 240 during a non-resonant (or non-transient) switching period of the power supply 13A. When the current through the resonant of the dimmer switch 75 reaches its peak, the polarity of the voltage across the inductor 236 changes and the transistor 240 begins to conduct, which provides a transient current path through the resistor 239 and prevents The filter capacitor 235A is overcharged. As depicted in Figure 22, the experimental model (voltage waveform 621 across filter capacitor 235, modeled voltage waveform 623' provided by dimmer switch 75, current 620 through dimmer switch 75, and pass through electricity The current 24 晶体 of the crystal 622) indicates significant damping and effective elimination of any undesired oscillations, which provides a stable operation of the dimmer switch 75 and further provides a maximum current of approximately 1 〇 7A and A minimum dimmer switch 75 current of approximately 1 56 mA, which is a value above the typical minimum hold and latch current threshold. Figure 16 is a block diagram and circuit diagram of an apparatus embodiment 100F, a seventh embodiment of the system embodiment i〇5F, and a seventh example of the adaptive interface embodiment 11 5F, in accordance with one of the teachings of the present invention. 23 is a modeled transient voltage and current for describing an apparatus embodiment according to a seventh example of the present invention, a system embodiment of a seventh example, and an example of an adaptive interface embodiment of a seventh example. Waveform of the waveform. Not individually depicted is that the device 100F can be coupled to a dimmer switch 75 and an AC line 35 as previously depicted in Figures 8 and 9. The adaptive interface 1丨5F implements a fully operational interface circuit 220, which is by way of example and not limitation. The adaptation 70 201204171 interface 115F includes an inductor 236, a differentiator 261, a click circuit 252, a switch (MOSFET transistor) 250, and a resistor 251. A current sensor 125B is depicted as being embodied by a current sense resistor 26B that is depicted as providing a feedback to the differentiator 261 and optionally providing a feedback The controller 120. Controller 1 20A may further include a differentiator 261 in addition to other control functions of controller 110 as discussed herein. A voltage generated across current sense resistor 26A can be utilized as an indicator of current through, for example, the dimmer switch 75 (not individually drawn). As discussed above, inductor 236 and input filter capacitor 235A also form a resonant circuit. A differentiator 261 comprising an operational amplifier 255, a capacitor 256 and resistors 253 and 254 is coupled (via capacitor 256 at its inverted input) to current sense resistor 260. The output of the differentiator 26 1 is coupled to a click circuit 252 to drive a switch (MOSFET) 250 having a resistive load 251. When the resonant current through the dimmer switch 75 reaches its peak value, the differentiator 26 1 triggers the click circuit 252, which is a conduction switch (MOSFET) 250 - a preset or preselected duration It provides an additional path to the current from inductor 236 to avoid additional charging of filter capacitor 235A. The various waveforms depicted in FIG. 23 include a current waveform 630 through the current of the dimmer switch 75, a voltage waveform 63 across the voltage of the filter capacitor 235A, and an input AC voltage waveform 623 (when the dimming is performed by the dimming) The current waveform 632 of the current through the MOSFET switch 250 when the switch 75 is turned on. The experimental model indicates significant damping and effectively eliminates any unwanted oscillations, which provides a substantially stable operation of the dimmer switch 75, 71 201204171 λ advance provides a minimum dimmer switch 75 of approximately 10 mA. Current, 'This is a value above the typical minimum hold and blocking current threshold, where resistor 251 and switch 25 汲 draw approximately 60 mA for the _ 1A peak current system, and the conduction of the switch 25 持续 continues The period (from the click circuit 252) is approximately 2 〇〇". In addition to having a fixed active continuous (four) hitting power 35252, the circuit can be equivalently replaced, for example by a variable or dynamic active time under the control of the controller 〇2〇, 12〇A Those skilled in the art and having the skill of the art can use a variety of adaptive timing circuits to use this option. Figure Π is a block diagram of a device embodiment 1 〇〇 G according to an eighth example of the present invention and a system embodiment 105G of an eighth example. FIG. 1 shows that the device 100G implements a fully operational interface circuit 22 〇 Adaptive interface U5D and 115F) and the combined start interface and the smooth or soft start power interface circuit 200, 210 (using the adaptive interface ll5B, the operation also acts as an adaptive interface voltage bootstrap circuit 1 I5G) This is an example and not limiting. In addition, as described in more detail below, the device 1〇〇G is also implemented through the use of various sensors 125 and the controller 120A (including the differentiator 261 for driving the click circuit 252). A protection mode interface circuit 230. The device 1〇〇G is considered to be a resonant process interface circuit 195 (implemented by interface 115D), a fully operational interface circuit 220, a dynamic interface 2〇〇, a gentle or soft start power interface circuit, and a protection Any of the various combinations of mode interface circuits 23A, and those having electronic skill, will recognize numerous equivalent combinations that are considered to be within the scope of the claimed invention. 72 201204171 As shown, the device 10〇G includes a controller 120A, a hidden body 16〇 (eg, 'scratch register, RAM), a plurality of sensors 125, a plurality of adaptive interface circuits 、15, Coupling coupled inductor 27A and capacitor 271, a bridge rectifier 110A, filter capacitor 235A, a rapidly generated bootstrap circuit η5〇 for an operating voltage Vcc (in block 29〇) (and discussed below) The boot strap circuit 115G is also used to function as an adaptive 'I-side circuit 115B', an switched power supply 13A (depicted as having a transformer 280 in a flyback configuration), and an optional The resistor 295 (which in the exemplary embodiment can also function as a voltage or current sensor). The teachings of the present invention do not limit the topology of the device 100G to the flyback configuration of the reference 'but any type or type of power supply 130 configuration may be utilized' and may be known or will become as in the electronic technology It is known to be implemented. The device is coupled to the illuminator switch 75 and an AC line 35 via an inductor 27 〇 and a capacitor 271. The inductor 270 and the capacitor 271 are then coupled to a bridge rectifier 丨丨〇A. As an example of the rectifier i 1 耦 coupled to the dimmer switch 75 through other components. The adaptive interface 115B and the adaptive interface 丨丨5D function as discussed above to provide the substantially matched electrical environment to the dimmer switch during start-up, gradual or soft start, and a full mode of operation. A dimmer state sensor 125C is also depicted that can be implemented using any type of sensing benefit, e.g., using a voltage sensor 125A as discussed above. As painted, except for the dimmer state sensor. In addition to the 125C, a plurality of sensors 125 are utilized, i.e., 'two current sensors ι25Βι, ι25Β2, and a voltage sensor 125A. The device 100G provides power to one or more 73 201204171 LED 1 40 'The LEDs 1 40 may be an array or array of LEDs 140 of any type or color, wherein the device i 〇〇 G and LED 140 System 105G is formed. An embodiment of a controller 1 20A and a memory i 6〇 or an embodiment thereof is described in more detail below. The one or more sensors are utilized to sense or measure a parameter, such as a voltage or current level, and can be implemented as known or will become known in the art. The switchable power supply 130A and/or the controller 12 can and will typically receive feedback from the led 14A via the sensors 125A, 125B|, 125B2 as shown. The adaptive interface circuit U5 of the device 100G operates as previously discussed. The boot strap circuit 115G can be utilized to generate an operating voltage during startup and to provide an additional current draw function during either state of the s-perimeter switch 75. The open relationship of the transistor 285 is utilized to transfer power to the plurality of LEDs 140 via the transformer 28A. The controller 120A implements a first control method consisting of two parts, the switched power supply 130A utilizing a ramp up duty cycle ("D") up to the maximum duty cycle ("DMAX"). a pulse width modulation (PWM) switching (via transistor 285), followed by an additional mode of operation known as one of the current pulse modes to maintain stable operation of the dimmer switch and provide Appropriate dimming of the light output. The duty cycle d is based on the input voltage level measured by the quaternary controller 12 0 - ^ ' thousands of water, so that the remote set 100G and the system 105G can adapt to a wide range of wheel-in voltage (which can ^ (four) change H and change between (four) and international 'for example, from 9〇74 201204171 130V) °

The output power of the type power supply 13A is transmitted to the led 140. D kV2D

1 OUT where F is the RMS input voltage; the average it is the period 'which is the half cycle of the input AC voltage / is the switching frequency of the power supply 13A; and 4 is the switching power supply u For a fixed switching frequency of the power supply 130A of the transformer of the A, the duty cycle D is inversely proportional to the square of the input voltage, that is, when the electric seat is increased, the duty cycle is decreased. To deliver the same output power. The fixed switching frequency is only given as an example, and the methods described below are applicable in the frequency domain. Depending on the output power, the maximum duty cycle DMAX occurs at the lowest input voltage. Since the switching power supply H 130 is normally pre-set or a certain maximum working week' month is used for the stable operation of its magnetic components, the maximum duty cycle DMAX is the minimum input voltage. Preset or pre-selected. When the output of the switched power supply 130 is controlled by a dimmer switch 75, the controller 120 is configured to have an average based on the average input power adjusted by the dimmer switch 75. Working period. In addition to independently controlling the amount of current through the dimmer switch 75 to maintain stable operation, 'the following is an example to illustrate the insights that the present invention brings to the characteristics of two individual control methods that do not rely solely on conventional techniques. Zhongdian 75 201204171 type visible through PWM control. For example, at an input voltage of 9〇v RMS (average 81V), a dmax=〇 6 is selected at a phase angle α = 〇. It should be noted that the maximum voltsecs used to magnetize the magnetic member (28 〇) will occur at the peak of the input voltage. In the case where the input voltage is 130 VRM or becomes 130 VRM (average 120 V), the duty cycle generated, determined or calculated by the control g 12G is reduced to D = 〇.29' and as for the peak at 130V In terms of phase (iv) magnetization volt-seconds, the duty cycle is D = 0.415. Therefore, the 卩(四)415 operation is safe or suitable for the magnetic member of the transformer 28〇. For this example, assume that at 130V, then the phase modulation caused by the dimmer switch is Λ = 90. . The average input voltage will be "〇V, and the controller 120 will generate a maximum possible duty cycle D = Dmax = 〇 6 to compensate for the lower input power. " 'From the perspective of the power supply 13GA The magnetization voltage at this peak will still be the amplitude of the input voltage for which the maximum allowable duty cycle is D = 0.415. The power supply 130A will then be forced to operate at the peak at an elevated duty cycle d = 〇6 instead of D = G.415 'This may indicate the failure of the magnetic component (saturation and power supply n 13G) m endures that only pwm will not achieve the desired stability under dimming conditions. ^^ Temple absorbs enough current for proper dimmer operation and provides the desired illumination output. Examples of these examples provide another A second control mechanism for supplying a switching power supply 130 from a dimmer switch 以 for a stable interface of the dimmer switch 75 and the switching power supply 130. A first control method is based on The duty cycle is based on the average input power of 76 201204171 [the largest average duty cycle is preselected at the minimum input voltage and stored in the controller i胤 (or the controller 〇A's hidden body) Or a ** 体 。. For the preset or preselected ΑΧ value, the other maximum parameter of the switched power supply 130 (also [the peak or peak of the minimum input voltage) Largest volt The value (vsecmax)) is pre-existed or pre-selected and stored in the controller 2 or (or memory and memory 16咐). According to various exemplary embodiments, the switched power supply The hidden system is enabled to operate with a range of input voltages while the operating duty cycle is always maintained below DMAX, and the same operational volt-second value is maintained below the maximum stored volts value VSECMAX. The switched power supply operates with a possible fixed or adjustable duty cycle to produce a south power factor, and the duty cycle is too large each time for the maximum preselected volt-second value VSECmax (ie, at When it is within a predetermined range of ~AX, it is switched to the volt-second value limit. The embodiment of the second invention of the first control method can be implemented by the switching power supply The input voltage is measured during the on period of the switch 285 of the supplier U0A and is preferably integrated (eg, utilized in the controller 12A) - an integrator that is not individually grounded (and the volt-second value is also permeable) Feedforward technology Obtained, not = shown in Figure 17). It can also be implemented by the Ipeak control using the sensor current measurement of the sensor rush in Figure 17. Instead of using - the maximum volt-second value VSECMAX# Alternatively, another alternative control method for the second layer of the two-layer control method would utilize the peak-to-peak ("V') parameter (the peak current level of the main inductor of the avatar: or 77) 201204171 Output peak current level) to adjust the power delivered to the LED 1 40 under dimming conditions. Figure 18 {In accordance with the teachings of the present invention - method embodiment diagram of the second example and providing the two layer control method A useful explanation and summary of the method utilizes the maximum volt-second value VSECmax parameter or the peak: flow level ("Ip") parameter. The method begins at start step 400, which determines the input voltage (steps are thorough). The method uses the determined or sensed input voltage to determine - the duty cycle D for pulse width modulation (step 410) '5H working week# month D is less than (or equal to) the maximum duty cycle Dmax to provide the selected or preset average output turbulence level, 1-. The switched power supply is then switched using the duty cycle D (step 415). The system provides the selected or preset average output current bit UV °. The method then determines whether the guard cycle D is in the The maximum duty cycle is - within the preset range (or substantially equal) (step 420), and if so, to the current pulse mode (step-like), and if the right is not the case - the method continues ((4) 4 Calling, repeating back to step 405, it may be necessary to adjust the duty cycle D according to the input electric grind that is sensed by 5 hai to provide a 6 hai selected or preset average output current level, Iav, and continue To provide you with your aunt

, PWM for the parent switching power supply 13Θ, 130A. When the work cycle UA

When the monthly D疋 is within the preset range of the maximum duty cycle D (or substantially opposite, the main AX^ buy phase 4), the current pulse mode is step 425), and the system is squeaked in the Or the peak current of the changing peak current j or the peak value of the main inductor of the output peak 哔 哔 电 4 , , , 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 Current bit 1 \Up MAX), the output current of the elm (usually the selected or preset average output current level, "1...higher than the preset or preselected minimum level, hold the coffee (10) To emit light, and at the same time to allow a dimming effect. Or:: In step 425, the current pulse mode is also implemented (step 々μ), which provides a dynamically adjustable or variable during the interval: ΙΚ Transformer 280 main inductor's peak current bit, current level) current pulse to increase the output current level: volt-second value VSECMAX parameter to maintain the wheel current (pass = or preset The average output current level, Iav) is higher than the 1st or preselected minimum level, Hold enough current to emit light, and allow the dimming effect. When the method is continued ((4) 4, 'By the method back to step 405 and repeat, otherwise step 435). (7) bundle ( return

: duty cycle control, peak current control, and/or maximum volt-second value & max control is implemented by the controller 12 〇, 12 〇 a, which may increase or decrease the duty cycle D to maintain - The selected or preset flat wheel current ("Iav") is up to the maximum duty cycle. So, set up or when the device 100 (and any of its changes 1〇〇A_ 1〇〇〇) and the system! 05 (and any of its (4) 1〇5A-1〇5〇}) is connected to a dimming 'switch 75 and the user adjusts the dimmer switch to provide dimming: the cycle is dynamically adjusted And increase the maximum to the maximum guard cycle: 'After this point, the average wheel current to (four) 14〇 can start / ^ ' and the output illumination is dimmed' However, the controller 12G, 120A 79 201204171 will convert Up to the additional current pulse mode and maintaining the allowable peak current (amplitude) (ie, up to a preset or preselected maximum peak current or maximum volt-second value VSECmax parameter) to support sufficient Current to the LED 140 causes the light to continue to be supplied and does not become too low for the LED 140 to actually turn off and stop emitting light. In these various embodiments, the dimmer switch 75 is automatically considered without additional or separate detection of the dimmer. An important advantage of one of the first control methods is that no additional current is utilized and therefore there is no corresponding corresponding power loss as seen in the prior art. The controller 120' 120A also functions as an adaptive interface (circuit 23A) to implement the protected mode of operation. The controller can utilize any of a variety of sensors (2) to determine when there is a dimmer from the opening 75 or other switches (this is an example and non-limiting, and the illuminating I 丄a _ .

It is only at the edge or boundary of the sputum, for example because of flicker or other triggers. For example, and as such, by "holding the dimmer switch", it is possible to provide turbulence (for example, either 120a or 120A in either component that is too low or not present: for example, the controller 12 is idle Closing the device 100, the heart is smashed. For example, and as shown in the above figure, there are many types of dimmer instability or the third example method implementation example 7.5 is stable operation, but the problem may Become unstable. In Figures 6 and 7, 80 201204171 non-limiting): (1) The dimmer switch 75 does not conduct during one half cycle of the supplied AC (35); (2) The dimmer switch 75 is turned on more than once in one half cycle of the AC (35); (3) after the zero crossing and conduction, the forward dimmer switch 75 is not at the zero point of the lower _AC line voltage The more time off, '(4) an inverse dimmer switch 75 is not turned on after the first Ac zero crossing; (5) the phase angle α changes from half cycle to the other half cycle with different signs of positive change, suggesting oscillation The presence. The stable operation of the dimmer switch 75 can be characterized by the opposite criteria, such as (non-limiting): (1) the dimmer switch 75 is turned on once during each half cycle; (7) the dimmer switch 75 is turned off (on) at the AC zero crossing; and/or (3) the phase angle α changes monotonically. Using any of the various sensing n 125, the controller 12 can be utilized to detect an incorrect or correct action. Any one of these features utilizes a voltage sensor 125 to detect the indicator switch. 75 is a plurality of voltage changes during a half cycle or is not turned off at an appropriate time, which is exemplified and non-limiting. Referring to Figure 19, the method begins (starting step 5A), wherein the system 1〇5 is powered on, e.g., by applying an AC voltage to the dimmer switch 75, and wherein the adaptive interface circuit U5 is as above The discussion is set to its preset level (step 5G5), so that the received current level is drawn through the dimmer switch 75. The voltage or current level is monitored (step 51〇). Although the voltage or current level indicates the presence of the dimmer switch (step 5 =, the method determines that the dimmer switch is operating correctly or * correctly, Example 2 by means of presumping the presence of flicker (step 52〇). For example, a dimmer switch can exist and also function correctly, for example because other loads associated with the system (8) 81 201204171 2 are present, of which sufficient The current is drawn by all the loads in order to: this; the ambient light switch 75 operates correctly. In addition, different dimmer switches may not operate in green (or correctly) under different holding or blocking currents, so that for the same LED just Some dimmer switches 75 can operate correctly, and their dimmers _75 operate incorrectly, so that a subtest flicker may be necessary or desirable. Thus, when the method is in step 520 0 (four) illuminator _ is operating incorrectly, such as by detecting the presence of a flash butterfly' method for calibrating the current from the dimmer _ 75 during the selected interval (step 525), for example Through fans Any of a variety of adaptive interface circuits as discussed below. Another alternative can be utilized to reduce power consumption. When no glaze switch 75 is present in the step, or in step 52, the armor is When properly functioning, the control $ j 2 can be utilized to reduce the current (and power) drawn by the adaptive interface circuit 115 in its preset mode, relying on any adaptive interface circuit with power consumption. 1 1 5 is active (step 530 if yes, and if the dimmer switch 75 has not yet exhibited instability, an active adaptive interface circuit 115 can be selected, its current parameters are Stored in memory (6〇 (and used to return if the dimming switch 75 then exhibits instability), and its power consumption is reduced (step 535), for example by reducing through an adaptive interface circuit 115 Β of current, where for example these parameters are stored in memory 16 作为 as the next parameter. The method then returns to step 2 〇 5 and repeats its continued monitoring of voltage and / or current levels And thus provide current adjustment. After step 82 201204171, 525' 530 < 535, when the method is continued (step continent, the method returns to step 510 and repeats, which continues to monitor the electrical and/or current level And thus providing a current adjustment 'otherwise (eg when the system 1 〇 5 is turned off) the method can end (return to step 545). For example, here an example of using a dimmer state sensor 125C or a voltage sensor 125A In the method, the device of the example 1 detects the presence of a dimmer switch 75. When the dimmer switch 75 is priced, the controller 120 and one or more adaptive interface circuits ( For example, and or any other of the depicted interface circuits, the following substantially matched electrical environments are provided - or a plurality of the dimmer switches 75 are: (1) utilizing an adaptive interface circuit controlled by the controller 120 U5B provides a small matching impedance to the dimmer to open g 75 trigger circuit; (7) when the bootstrap circuit 115 is active and charging - Vcc capacitor (29 〇), support is greater than the dimmer switch 75 Keep the electricity 'flow, the 辄The circuit i% thus also constitutes an adaptive interface circuit i丨5 controlled by the control device 1 20; again with the adaptive interface circuit i UB controlled by the controller 120, the switching power supply m is gentle or & Initially adjusts the minimum power from the dimmer switch 75: (4) Also under the control of the controller 12, by maintaining (the switching power supply 13 )) the duty cycle D is close. To provide a matching small impedance to the trigger circuit of the dimmer switch 75; and/or in the % resonance, using - or more of the adaptive interface circuits 丨15〇, 丨i5E, 丨l5F The current of the dimmer switch 75. Side control S 120 can be implemented using _ or a plurality of control $ or other similar circuits, which are typically configured to compare the sensed output 83 201204171 voltage and current levels with corresponding preset voltage and current values. The preset voltage and current value can be programmed and stored in the memory port 16 or can be from the memory 160 according to other sensed values (eg, sensed input voltage level) (eg, through - Look up the table) to get. After this comparison, _error = or error level (eg, a difference between the sensed level and the preset level) is determined, and a corresponding feedback system is provided, for example, In a first mode, the on-time (on-time pulse width) of the power switch 285 is modulated by a selected switching frequency, or by a variable switching frequency; (which is generally a substantially high At the frequency of the AC line frequency, and by modulating the peak current material in a second mode, the turn-off or current level is increased or decreased. Several new (four) features are implemented in these devices (and any of the changes 100A-100M), the system 1〇5 (and any of its changes i〇5a_复(四)), and the controller 120 In the examples. First, the adaptive interface circuit &5; independently enables the operation of a phase modulated dimmer switch 75 without the undesirable flash and premature startup problems of the prior art. Second, the adaptive interface circuit 115 provides control based on the combination of the state of the dimmer switch 75 and the state of the switched power supply 1 13G. Third, a mode with resonance of the input f-flow shaping or control is introduced during the turn-on of the dimmer switch 75. The fourth touch control system is implemented as a two-part control method (four)-part, which has a dynamic and adjustable maximum duty cycle Dmax according to the (sensed) input voltage, which has a theory The dynamic range of zero to one hundred and eighty degrees, and adapts to a wide range of possible varying input voltages.帛5, the current pulse mode system 84 201204171 is implemented as the second part of the two-part control method, which has a variable and dynamically adjustable peak current level for the main The inductor peak current level is either the output peak current level or the parameter up to the maximum volt-second value VSECMAX. An additional advantage of the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is that it is quite obvious that the embodiment allows a solid state illumination such as an LED to be utilized: the existing illumination infrastructure and by any of a variety of switches, for example Phase-tuned dimmer switches are used to control this, which would otherwise cause serious operational problems. Embodiments of these examples further allow for complex control of the output brightness or intensity of such solid state lighting' and can be implemented with fewer and relatively low cost components. Moreover, these exemplary embodiments can be utilized in stand-alone solid state lighting systems, or can be utilized in parallel with other types of existing lighting systems, such as incandescent lamps. Embodiments of these examples can work with any high impedance negative and/or any relatively low current drawn through a dimmer switch. The various methods described above can also be combined in additional ways. For example, instead of dimmer pre-measurement, the series elements can be programmed to switch at a preset interval to accommodate a dimmer switch, or as described above with reference to Figures 9 and 10, the duty cycle can be switched. It is determined from input parameters such as the sensed input voltage level. In addition, when dimmer detection can be utilized, different strategies are available, such as blocking current to avoid capacitor charging, such as through a series current control element, or by providing a current bypass, such as through An adaptive current control element. A variety of control methods and alternative adaptive interface circuits 115 have been described in the 201204171 to implement the proposed method of interfacing a dimmer switch and an exchange power supply by adjusting the dimmer current And further shaping the dimmer current during a resonance process. The disclosure is to be considered as an illustration of the principles of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. In this regard, it will be appreciated that the invention is not limited to the details of the structure and the configuration of the components as set forth in the foregoing and in the drawings. The method and apparatus in accordance with the present invention are capable of other embodiments and of various embodiments. Although the present invention has been described herein with respect to the specific embodiments of the present invention, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. In the description herein, numerous specific details are set forth in connection with the electronic components, the electronic and structural connections, materials, and structural differences in order to understand the embodiments of the invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, however, that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced without the use of one or more of these specific details, or other device systems, assemblies, components, materials, components, and the like. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the features of the embodiments of the invention. This: The drawings are not drawn to scale and should not be considered as limiting. Those with electronic technology skills will realize that in addition to those that have been described, various single-stage or two-stage converters can be implemented in a variety of ways, such as, return, buck, boost, and buck-boost. 'This is an example and non-restricted mine, and can be operated in any number of modes (intermittent current mode, continuous current mode, and critical conduction mode), all of which are considered equivalent and all 86 201204171 Within the scope of the invention. The meaning of "an embodiment", "an embodiment,", "5" and "an embodiment" as used throughout the specification is a particular feature, structure, or feature within the embodiment. The at least one embodiment of the invention is not necessarily included in all embodiments, and further, it is not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Further, the particular features of any particular embodiment of the invention, The mouthpiece, or features, may be combined in any suitable manner and may be combined in any suitable manner with one or more other embodiments, including the use of selected features without corresponding use of other features. In addition, many modifications may be made to - The particular application, the situation, or the material is adapted to the basic scope and spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that other variations and modifications of the embodiments of the invention described and illustrated herein may be made in accordance with the teachings herein. These other variations and modifications are considered to be part of the spirit and scope of the present invention. It will also be appreciated that one or more of the elements shown in the drawings may also be Knife separation or more integrated means to remove or even disable them in certain situations, which may be beneficial in special applications. The combination of body-formed components also falls within the present invention. In the mouth of the mouth, especially for the separation or combination of discrete components is unknown _ or difficult to identify the actual example. In addition, this article uses "faced (circle of the word, package 3 its various open / style (for example, "light Coupling, or "couplable", and 杳# ”, meaning and including any direct or indirect electrical, structural, or magnetically connected 'connections or attachments, Or such direct or indirect electrical, structural, or magnetically consumable, connected or attached adaptability or 87 201204171. Capabilities - which include - body-formed components and transmitted or coupled components. As used herein, for the purposes of the present invention, "LED," and its plural "multi-self-LED" should be understood to include any 俨: other classes that are capable of producing light shots in response to an electrical signal. == type or junction type system It includes, but is not limited to, various semiconductor or carbon-type structures, luminescent polymers, organic coffee, etc. that are responsive to current or voltage. They are included in the visible or other spectrum (eg, ultraviolet or infrared). Or having any bandwidth, or having any color or color temperature. - "Controller" or "Processor" 120 can be any type of controller or processor and can be embodied as - or multiple controllers 12 〇, it is appropriate to 'design, program, or adapt to implement the functions discussed in this article. April uses the term controller or processor in this article, a control @ 12〇 can: include the use of a single integrated circuit (IC Or may include the use of multiple integrated circuits or other components that are connected, configured, or clustered together, such as multiple controllers, multiple microprocessors, multiple digital signal processors (Dsp), multiple Parallel processors, multiple multi-core processors, multiple custom application-specific integrated circuits (fibers), multiple field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), multiple adaptive calculations 1C, associated memory style The RAM, _, and face), and a plurality of other components and ic. Therefore, as used herein, a 'controller (or processor)-word should be understood as equivalent and includes a single-IC, or by multiple custom ic, "solid dirty, multiple processors" a microprocessor, a plurality of controllers, a plurality of configurations, a configuration of multiple adaptive calculations 1C, or a specific other cluster that implements a plurality of integrated circuits of function 88 201204171 discussed below, which may have Associated memory, such as microprocessor memory or additional RAM, DRAM, SDR4M, SRAM, MRAM, ROM, FLASH, EPROM, or E2pR〇M. As discussed below, a controller (or processor) (eg controller i6〇, 26〇)

The associated memory and its associated memory can be adapted or configured (via stylized, F-interconnected, or hard-wiring) to implement the method of the present invention. For example, the method can be programmed and stored in a controller 12 with its associated memory (and/or memory 160) and other equivalent components, becoming a set of program instructions or other encodings. (or an equivalent configuration or other program) for subsequent execution when the processor is operating (ie, powered on and operating). Similarly, when the controller 120 can be implemented in whole or in part on FPGAs, custom 1Cs, and/or ASICs, the FPGAs, custom ICs, or ASICs can also be designed, configured, and/or hardened. The wire is wound into a method for carrying out the invention. For example, the controller 12 can be configured to be composed of a plurality of controllers, a plurality of microprocessors, a plurality of Dsps, and/or a plurality of fabrics. They are collectively referred to as a "controller". They will each be executed by the program: 匕, broken design, adapted, or configured to fit a memory 16 施 to perform the method of the present invention. 〇 3 3 己 己 己 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 且 且 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一 一Take: the memory device in the storage medium or other storage or communication stolen goods that are currently known or in the future, or are exchanged for f-exchange, and the order is 4:C Μ—meaning: memory The volume circuit (1C) or the § memory portion of an integrated circuit (仞Ua privately located in a controller 120 or a processor IC) is either volatile or non-volatile, Whether removable or non-removable, including but not limited to RAM, FLASH, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, FeRAM, ROM, EPROM, or E2PR〇m, or any other form of memory device, such as magnetic hard Disk, CD, disk or tape drive, hard drive, other machines can read storage or memory media, such as: floppy disk, CDROM, CD-RW, digital versatile disc (DVD), or 疋Other optical § memory, or any other type of memory, storage medium It may be 'are either known or will be known in the data storage device or circuit' end view a selected embodiment. In addition, the computer readable medium includes computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other information embodied in a data signal or modulated signal (eg, electromagnetic or optical carrier or other transmission mechanism). Any form of communication medium containing any information delivery medium that can encode data or other information in a signal, including electromagnetic signals, optical signals, sound signals, RF signals, or infrared signals, in a wired or wireless manner, Wait. The memory 16 can be adapted to store various lookup tables, parameters, coefficients, other information and materials, programs or instructions (of the software of the present invention), and other types of forms (e.g., database tables). As described above, for example, the controller 120 is programmed to implement the method of the present invention using the software and data structures of the present invention. The system and method of the present invention can be embodied as software that provides such stylized commands or other instructions, such as group instructions and/or metadata embodied in a computer readable medium. Its discussion is as above. This information can also be used to define a look-up table or a database of various resources. For example, but without any limitation, the form of this software can be source code or destination code. The source code can be further compiled into some form of instruction or destination code (which includes combined language instructions or configuration resources). The software, source code, or metadata of the present invention can be embodied in any type of encoding, for example, C, C++, SystemC, LISA, XML, Java,

Brew, SQL and its variants (for example, SQL 99 or a licensed version of SQL), DB2, 0racle, or any other type of programming language used to implement the functions discussed in this article, including various hardware definitions or Hardware simulation language (for example, Verilog, VHDL, RTL) and the generated database file (for example, GDSII) e Therefore, the equivalents of "construction", "program construction," and "soft construction" are used herein. , , or "software" means any stylized language of any kind that has any grammar or signature, which is provided or can be interpreted to provide the specified associated function or method (for example Said to be when it is referenced or loaded into a process or computer containing the controller 16〇, 26〇 and executed. The software 'metadata, or other source code of the present invention, and any generated bit π files (destination code, database, or lookup table) can be embodied in any physical storage medium (eg, any computer or other machine The read data storage medium) becomes a computer readable command, data structure, program module, or other information, for example, as discussed above in conjunction with the memory, for example, a floppy disk, a CDROM, A CD-RW, DVD, magnetic hard drive, optical drive, or any other type of data storage device or media, as described above. In the previous description and in the drawings, the sense resistors are shown in the 91 201204171 example configuration and bits other types and configurations in other locations. Inside the mouth. Centering 'However, sensors that will be recognized by those skilled in the art can also be utilized, and the sensor can be placed with alternate sensor configurations and settings as well as in the present invention. The term is used to mean a fluctuating DC (eg, derived from a rectified AC, wβ-Chang-Dong and a solid-state DC (eg, from a battery, a voltage regulator, or a capacitor-powered wave). As used herein, the AC"-word system means having any waveform (sinusoidal, sinusoidal squared, rectified sinusoidal, square, rectangular _ 'dual, orthodontic, irregular, prepared, etc.) and having Any form of communication in which Dr && + γ , c is offset, and may include any changes, such as chopping or alternating current after reverse or phase modulation, such as from a dimmer switch. The sensor, the person, the Bub B 4t <t, 丄 θ mouth A is represented here, a parameter of a specific metric or a specific metric of the representative parameter, one degree The amount is the regulator or at least part of its input or output _ ^ Measurement of the condition. If a parameter is directly related to the - metric, adjusting the parameter will adjust the metric satisfactorily, then the parameter is considered to represent the metric. For example, the metric of the curry flow can be It is represented by an inductor current, because it is similar to 'and because of the inductive current, it will make people very loud! Shishigang owes 'θ' satisfactorily 5 weeks of LED current. If a parameter is representative A multiple or a fraction of a metric, then a poor number. The sinusoidal parameter can be considered an acceptable representation of the metric. The county that will be phonetic to the 疋--the parameter may actually be a voltage, but Still represents a current value. For example, the lightning pressure across a sense resistor "represents" the current through the resistor. In the previously exemplified embodiment, it is said that the diode is in the 92 201204171 exhibition. In the pattern, you will know s, , ώ.. / J's 疋, synchronized diode or synchronized whole (for example, by a bracket, f 士口jj_

In the context of the present invention, a polar body is used in the context of the present invention to switch on or off relays or MOSFETs or other transistors (or other types of transistors) or other types of poles. The exemplary embodiment presented herein again produces an output power that is positive for grounding; however, the teachings of the present invention are also applicable to power converters that generate a voltage of a rim φ φ ,W, where complementary The topology can be constructed by reversing the polarity of the Fengdao conductor and its 匕-polarized components. For ease of labeling and description, for example, the dust collector of transformer 280 is referred to as "transformer," and (d) is exemplified in the addition, #in many aspects also acts as an inductor. Similarly, utilized The method known in the art 'inductors can be replaced by transformers under appropriate conditions. We call the transformers and inductors "inductive" or "magnetic," components that are known to perform their functions. Similar functions are interchangeable within the scope of the invention. Furthermore, any signal arrows in the drawings, unless otherwise explicitly indicated, should be considered as illustrative and not limiting. The components or steps 'and ® will also be considered to be within the scope of the invention, particularly where they are separated or knotted. The power of ambiguity is unclear or foreseeable. As used herein and throughout the scope of the appended claims, the <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> is intended to mean "and/or" unless otherwise indicated, having the meaning of connection and separation (and not limited to "mutually" </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> <RTIgt; </ RTI> </ RTI> <RTIgt; The meaning of "in", the meaning of "in", unless otherwise clearly indicated by the context, includes "in," and "in" the preceding description of the illustrated embodiment of the invention. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the precise form of the invention disclosed herein. It is to be understood that the various changes, modifications and substitutions are intended to be The spirit and scope of the novel concept of the invention is realized without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Or, it should be inferred. It is true that the scope of the patent application is intended to cover all such modifications as fall within the scope of the patent application. [Simplified Description of the Drawings] The objects, features and advantages of the present invention are incorporated by reference. The above disclosure will be more readily understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which the same element symbols are used to identify the same components in various views, and in which the element symbols with the letter symbols are used to identify Additional types, illustrations, or variations of a selected component embodiment of various views, wherein: Figure 1 is a circuit diagram depicting a conventional current regulator. 圊 2 is a dimmer switch depicting a representative prior art. Figure 3 is a waveform diagram depicting the phase-modulated output voltage from a standard phase-modulated dimmer switch. Figure 4 is a diagram showing the phase-modulated output voltage from a reverse phase-modulated dimmer switch. Figure 5 is a high level block and circuit diagram depicting a conventional current regulator (or converter 94 201204171. Figure 6 A waveform diagram of a three-terminal AC switching voltage having a sub-harmonic starting frequency that causes a perceived LED flicker in a conventional current regulator coupled to a dimmer switch. FIG. 7 is a diagram depicting A conventional technique choke regulator coupled to a dimmer switch, a three-terminal AC switching voltage having a 20K ohm load and depicting a waveform that causes premature activation of the perceived LED flicker c. Figure 8 A block diagram of a device embodiment in accordance with a first example of the teachings of the present invention and a system embodiment of a first example is depicted. FIG. 9 is a block diagram depicting an apparatus embodiment, a second example of a second example in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a flow chart depicting a method embodiment of a first example in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a flowchart depicting a method according to the teachings of the present invention. FIG. The teachings of the invention are a block diagram and a circuit diagram of an apparatus embodiment of a third example, a system embodiment of a third example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of a third example. Figure 12 is a block diagram and circuit diagram of an adaptive interface embodiment in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, a skirting embodiment of the fourth example, a system embodiment of a fourth example, and a fourth example. 13 is an exemplary switching of a dimmer switch, an exemplary adaptive interface embodiment, power to an exemplary switched power supply, and an exemplary adaptive interface power, in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. The timing diagram is shown. 95 201204171 Figure 14 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting an apparatus embodiment, a fifth exemplary system embodiment, and a fifth exemplary adaptive interface embodiment in accordance with one fifth embodiment of the present teachings. Figure 15 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting an embodiment of a sixth example, a system embodiment of a sixth example, and a sixth embodiment of an adaptive embodiment in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Figure 16 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting an embodiment of a seventh embodiment of the apparatus, a system embodiment of a seventh example, and a seventh embodiment of an adaptive interface embodiment in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Figure 17 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting an embodiment of an apparatus according to an eighth example of the teachings of the present invention and an embodiment of an eighth example. Figure 1 is a flow chart depicting an embodiment of a method in accordance with a second example of the teachings of the present invention. Figure 19A depicts a flow diagram of a method embodiment of a third example in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Fig. 20 is a waveform diagram showing transient voltage and current waveforms of an example in which a switch is turned on in a resonant mode. FIG. 2A depicts a modeled transient voltage and an exemplary embodiment of a fifth exemplary embodiment of a device according to a fifth example of the teachings of the present invention. Waveform of the current waveform. 2A depicts a modeled transient voltage and an exemplary embodiment of a sixth exemplary embodiment of a device according to a sixth example of the teachings of the present invention. Wave of current waveform 96 201204171. FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a transient operation of an exemplary embodiment of a seventh embodiment, a system embodiment of a seventh example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of a seventh example, in accordance with one of the teachings of the present invention. FIG. Waveform of voltage and current waveforms. Figure 24 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting an embodiment of a device, a system embodiment of a ninth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of an eighth example, in accordance with one of the teachings of the ninth example. 25 is a modeled transient current depicting an example of an apparatus embodiment, a system embodiment of a ninth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of an eighth example, in accordance with one of the teachings of the ninth example of the present invention. The waveform circle of the waveform. Figure 26 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting an apparatus embodiment, a system embodiment of a tenth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of a ninth example, in accordance with one tenth example of the teachings of the present invention. 27 is a modeled transient voltage and current depicting an embodiment of a device according to a tenth example, a system embodiment of a tenth example, and an example of an adaptive interface embodiment of a ninth example, in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Waveform of the waveform. Figure 28 is a block diagram and a circuit diagram depicting an embodiment of an apparatus according to an eleventh example of the teachings of the present invention, a system embodiment of an eleventh example, and an adaptive interface of a tenth example. Figure 29 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting an embodiment of a device according to a twelfth example of the teachings of the present invention, a system embodiment of a twelfth example, and an adaptive interface embodiment of an eleventh example. 97 201204171 Figure 30 is a block diagram and circuit diagram depicting a system embodiment of a thirteenth example and a thirteenth exemplary embodiment of the teachings in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Figure 31 is a block and circuit diagram depicting an embodiment of a chopping cancellation circuit in accordance with one example of the teachings of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 15 Filter capacitor 20 Full-wave rectifier 35 AC line 40 Inductor 45 Capacitor 50 Current regulator 70 Gate 75 Dimmer switch 76 Resistor 77 Capacitor 80 Three-terminal AC switch 81 ^load 85 Two-terminal AC switch 90 Switching off-line led driver 91 Point arc 92 4 cycles at 60 Hz 93 Not reaching conduction voltage 94 Having reached conduction voltage 98 201204171 95 Other load 100 Device 100A ~ 100M Device 105 System 105A-105M System 110 Rectifier 1 10A Bridge Rectifier 115 Adaptive Interface 115A~115L Adaptive Interface 1 15G Operating Voltage Band Circuit 120, 120A Controller 125 Sensor 125A Voltage Sensor 125B Current Sensor 125B1~125B2 Current Sensor 125C Dimmer Status sensor 130, 130A Switching power supply 140 LED 160 Memory 195 Resonant process interface circuit 200 Start interface circuit 202, 203 Resistor 205 Switch 207, 208 Resistor 99 201204171 210 Soft Start Power Interface Circuit 21 1 Zener Diode 212, 213 Resistor 215 Switch 220 Fully Operated Interface Circuit 230 Protection Mode Interface Circuit 235, 235A Capacitor 236 Inductor 237- '239 Resistor 240 Switch 241 Zener Diode 242 Barrier Diode 250 Switch 251 Resistor 252 Click Circuit 253~254 Resistor 255 Operational Amplifier 256 Capacitor 260 Resistor 261 Inverter 270 Inductor 271 Capacitor 272, 273 Resistor 274, 278 Zener _ - polar body 100 201204171 275 switch 276 capacitor 277 diode 280 flyback transformer 285 switch 286, 287 diode 288 capacitor 290 Vcc block 295 resistor 300~336 step 400~435 step 440 resistor 445 capacitor 446, 447 resistor 450 diode 455, 455A switch 460~465 capacitor 4 70~480 Resistor 485 Connection 500~545 Step 611 Peak Current Waveform 612 Voltage Waveform 615 Current Waveform 616 Modeled Transient Voltage Waveform 101 201204171 620 Current Waveform 621 Modeled Transient Voltage Waveform 622 Current Waveform 623 Modeled Voltage Waveform 630 Current Waveform 63 1 Voltage Waveform 632 Current Waveform 640, 641 Current Waveform 642 Voltage Waveform 701~710 Resistor 711~713 Diode 714~715 Zener Diode 720 Transistor 725~740 Switch 745~747 Line 800, 800A chopper cancellation circuit 805~810 transistor 815 transfer transistor 820, 825 Zener diode 830~835 resistor 840 capacitor 845~860 resistor 865~880 node 102

Claims (1)

201204171 VII. Patent application scope·· 乂: In the power conversion device, the vibration can be connected to a first phase modulation dimmer switch coupled to the power supply, the device can be connected to a solid illumination The device comprises: a parent-replacement power supply; a first adaptive interface circuit, and the system includes an impedance that is at least partially resistive to be in a predetermined configuration. The first switch conducts current; and a second adaptive interface circuit generates a vibration process. , is used in the first switch, etc. 2, as claimed in the scope of patent 帛i a t &lt; 罝, which further includes: 庑 兮 兮 ▲ than 4H /, used in the exchange power supply benefits The 5 hai § white vibration process during the adjustment 3. If you apply for special (four) Μ - current. - control;: the device of the item, the further step comprising: a surface circuit and the first -, ... "switch, the first-adaptive medium, the _ circuit, and the control state when the first switch is guided Modulating the _洎α-input electric traceback; &amp; $ μ an adaptive interface circuit to smash the resonance in the switched-mode power supply, such as by four supply-current paths. The dream of the first item is 调 + + + 筮 筮 筮 筮 筮 筮 筮 筮 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器 控制器The current of the first switch is changed. 5. The circuit of the i-th aspect of the patent application includes a resistor. The first adaptive interface of the eighth embodiment is as described in the fifth aspect of the patent application, wherein the first An adaptive interface 103 201204171 The circuit further includes a diode coupled in parallel with the resistor. 7. The device of claim 5, wherein the second adaptive interface circuit comprises: The inductor of the resistor; and a series coupling The device of claim 1, wherein the first adaptive interface circuit and the second adaptive interface circuit comprise: an inductor; a coupling to the inductor a resistor coupled to the resistor in series; and a diode coupled in parallel with the resistor and further coupled to the inductor. 9. The device of claim 8 further The device includes: a filter capacitor coupled in parallel with the resistor and the capacitor coupled in series. The device of claim 1, wherein the solid state illumination is one or more light emitting diodes. The device of claim 1, wherein the device is coupled to the first switch through a rectifier. 1 2. The device of claim 1, further comprising a chopping cancellation circuit. The device of claim 12, wherein the chopping cancellation circuit comprises: a differential amplifier including a first transistor and a second transistor; 104 201204171 - coupled to the differential a transfer transistor of the bulk; a first Zener diode that is connected to the first transistor; and a second Zener diode coupled to the second transistor. The second path includes:, the device, wherein the continuous wave is electrically coupled to the low-pass filter of the first transistor. A system for power conversion, the system to a parent stream ( AC) power supply - π M to a coupling - intersection ..., off, the system includes: 乂 exchange power supply; solid state lighting of the switching power supply. First adaptive interface circuit, 1 series The impedance of the current is in the -preset mode; at least partially the current is conducted by the resistor and the switch; and the second adaptive interface circuit is used to generate a resonant transition. μ苐—Switch conduction I6·The system of claim 15 is a phase modulation dimmer switch. , the 第-open relationship η. The scoping, as in claim 15 of the patent application, the third adaptive interface circuit, which is used to modulate the spectral process during the process including: The first switch::: type power supply for 18_, as in the system of claim 15th, the re-entry, - controller, which is lightly connected to the second switch, the second c-plane circuit, and the second adaptability The interface circuit, and when first, adaptively, the controller modulates the second adaptive interface switch to provide a current path during the (four) period of the exchange 105 201204171 type power supply. Step m" J patents the system of the 15th system, which allows the controller to step-by-step the second appropriateness of the A, _, tb. 'face circuit to the exchange power supply A current of the first switch is modulated during the oscillating process. 1 The system of claim 15 (4), wherein the first adaptive interface circuit comprises a resistor 5|. 21. The system of claim 2 The first adaptive interface circuit further includes: a diode coupled in parallel with the resistor. 22. The system of claim 15 wherein the second adaptive interface circuit comprises: An inductor of the resistor; and a capacitor coupled in series to the resistor. 23. The system of claim 15 wherein the first adaptive & surface circuit and the second adaptive interface The circuit system includes: an inductor; a resistor connected to the inductor; a capacitor connected in series to the resistor; and a pole body connected in parallel with the &quot;Hear resistor and further connected to the inductor 24·If the scope of patent application is 23 The system further includes: a filter capacitor coupled in parallel with the series coupled resistor and capacitor. 25. The system of claim 15 wherein the solid state illumination is one or more illuminations The system of claim 15, wherein the system further comprises a rectifier coupled to the first switch. 27. The system of claim 15 further comprising a The system of claim 27, wherein the chopping cancellation circuit comprises: a differential amplifier comprising a first transistor and a second transistor; a transfer transistor of the movable amplifier; a first Zener diode 轻 lightly connected to the first transistor of the shai and a second Zener diode consuming to the second transistor. 29_ The system of item 28, wherein the chopping cancellation circuit further comprises: a low-pass data wave connected to the first transistor of the fifth axis. 30. A device for power conversion, the device can be coupled to a coupling Connected to an alternating current (AC) The first phase modulation dimmer switch, the device can be coupled to a solid state lighting, the device comprises: a switching power supply; a first adaptive interface circuit, which comprises - coupling a resistive impedance of the reactive impedance to conduct current from the first switch in a first current path in a predetermined mode; and a second adaptive interface circuit including a coupling to the reactive The second switch of the impedance conducts current from the first switch in a second current path, and the first and second adaptive interface circuits further oscillate when the first switch is turned on. 107 201204171 3 1 _ The device of claim 3, further comprising: a controller coupled to the second switch, and when the first switch is turned on, the controller modulates the second switch to be in the damped The second current path is provided during the oscillation. 32. The device of claim 3, wherein the controller further modulates the second adaptive interface circuit to modulate a current of the first switch during the damped oscillation process. 33. The device of claim 30, wherein the first adaptive; 1-sided circuit includes a first resistor coupled in series to a first capacitor. 34. The device of claim 33, wherein the second open relationship comprises a transistor, and wherein the second adaptive interface circuit further comprises the CMP coupled to the first capacitor. 35. The device of claim 3, wherein the second adaptive interface circuit further comprises: a voltage divider comprising a second resistor coupled in series to a third resistor - the first flute - and The first resistor and the second resistor are further coupled to the gate of the transistor; and the device is coupled to the device of the third aspect of the patent range, wherein the solid-state light-emitting diode. The device of claim 3, wherein the over-rectifier is coupled to the first switch. System 38. If the device is within the scope of patent application 帛30帛, the step _step includes 108 201204171 wave elimination circuit. 39. The device of claim 38, wherein the chopping cancellation circuit comprises: a differential amplifier comprising a first transistor and a second transistor; a transfer transistor consuming the differential amplifier a first Zener diode coupled to the first transistor; and a second Zener diode coupled to the second transistor. 40. The apparatus of claim 39, wherein the chopping cancellation circuit further comprises: a low pass filter coupled to the first transistor. 41. A system for power conversion, the system coupled to a first switch coupled to an alternating current (AC) power supply, the system comprising: a switching power supply; tapping to the exchange Solid state lighting of a power supply; a first adaptive interface circuit comprising a resistive impedance coupled in series to a reactive impedance to conduct current from the first switch in a predetermined mode a first adaptive path circuit, and a second adaptive interface circuit including a second switch coupled to the reactive impedance to conduct current from the first switch in the second current path, the first The second adaptive interface circuit further dampens the oscillation when the first switch is turned on. 42. The system of claim 41, wherein the first open relationship is a phase modulation dimmer switch. 43. The system of claim 41, wherein the method further comprises: 109 201204171 a controller coupled to the second switch, the first adaptive interface circuit, and the second adaptive interface circuit, And when the first switch is turned on, the controller modulates the second adaptive interface circuit to provide a current path during the damped oscillation. 44. The system of claim 4, wherein the controller further modulates the second adaptive interface circuit to modulate a current of the first switch during the damped oscillation process. 45. The system of claim 4, wherein the first adaptive interface circuit comprises a first resistor coupled in series to a first capacitor. 46. The system of claim 45, wherein the second open relationship comprises a transistor, and wherein the second adaptive interface circuit further comprises the transistor coupled in series to the first capacitor. 47. The system of claim 46, wherein the second adaptive interface circuit further comprises: a voltage divider comprising a second resistor coupled in series to a third resistor, the second and the The three resistors are further coupled to a gate of the transistor; and a capacitor coupled in parallel with the third resistor. 48. The system of claim 4, wherein the solid state illumination is one or more light emitting diodes. 49. The system of claim 4, further comprising a rectifier rotatably coupled to the first switch. 5 0. The system of claim 41, further comprising a 110 201204171 wave cancellation circuit. 5. The system of claim 5, wherein the chopping cancellation circuit comprises: transmitting a differential amplifier including a first transistor and a second transistor to the differential amplifier a transistor; a first Zener diode connected to the first transistor of the first phase; and a second Zener diode coupled to the second transistor. The chopper cancellation circuit 52. The system circuit of claim 51, further comprising: a low pass filter coupled to the first transistor. 53. A device for power conversion, the κ + ° Hai device can be coupled to a first phase handle coupled to a parent current (AC) power supply, according to the main field sp r to adjust the state switch, the device The device can be coupled to a solid state illumination, the device comprising: L a switched power supply; and an adaptive interface circuit comprising: an impedance of the resistive impedance coupled to a reactance at a predetermined coupling The current is in a first current path, and the second switch that conducts the resistance impedance from the first switch to include a coupling into the current path from the first step, the adaptive interface circuit 2 Conducted current in a second resistor. When the first switch of the first step is turned on, the controller is coupled to the second '&quot;, and further includes: when the switch is turned on, the controller is modulated. The first switch, and the second current path is provided during the first opening period. The switch is oscillated in the damper 111 201204171 55. The device of the device of claim 53 has a circuit breaker consisting of a resistor connected in series to a first capacitor. . 56. The device of claim 55, comprising a Φ af τ 4 first open relationship electric corpus, and wherein the adaptive interface electrical series pile includes the coupling to the s A capacitor of a transistor. 57. The circuit of claim 6 further comprising: an adaptive interface comprising: a series voltage regulator, the second and second poles and a third resistor coupled to the second resistor of the third resistor A gate coupled to the transistor - a capacitor coupled in parallel with the s-th third resistor. The device of claim 53, wherein the solid state illumination is or a plurality of light emitting diodes. The device of claim 53, wherein the device further comprises a rectifier connectable to the first switch. 60. The device of claim 5, further comprising a chopping cancellation circuit. 61. The apparatus of claim 6 wherein the chopping cancellation circuit comprises: a differential amplifier including a first transistor and a second transistor; and a transfer transistor coupled to the differential amplifier a first Zener diode coupled to the first transistor; and a second Zener diode coupled to the second transistor of the 5th. 62. The device of claim 6 wherein the chopper cancellation circuit 112 201204171 further comprises: a low pass filter coupled to the first transistor. 63. A device for power conversion, the device can be coupled to a first phase modulation dimmer switch coupled to an alternating current (AC) power source, the device can be hybridized to a solid state lighting The system includes: a switched power supply; a first switchable adaptive interface circuit comprising a first resistive impedance coupled in series to a second switch and a reactive impedance to be at X* The switch is in an off state or in the switching mode power supply in an up mode 4, in a preset mode, the current is conducted from the first switch in the first current path; and the second switchable An adaptive interface circuit comprising: a series coupling: - a second resistive impedance of the third switch to supply current from the first switch in the switched mode power supply: in a full mode of operation In the current path. For example, the patent application scope ^ π - one · - Liu Yile one-way road system includes a series coupling to the second opening, the second opening relationship is lightly connected to a first-order body. The first pole connected to the first capacitor includes a 5': the device of claim 63, wherein the second open relationship has a first electric pole coupled to the gate of the third switch Crystal. Interface 16. The application of the scope of the application of the 65th item, wherein the second adaptability: :::: includes - series connection to the third switch and into - "connected to the electric day of the body - The second resistor. 113 201204171 67. The device of claim 63, wherein the step comprises: a sensor; and a fourth switch coupled to the sensor and the first switch. 68. The device of claim 67, wherein the sensing device comprises a collector having a transmission-switch, and a diode is coupled to the device. The fourth-dust collector includes a third resistor connected in series to the fourth secretor, and the second and third electric base resistors are coupled to the transistor 69 in a step-by-step manner. For example, in the scope of claim 63, _ 3, ^ ^ t, wherein the solid state illumination is one or more light emitting diodes. ~ The over-rectifier is coupled to the first device </ RTI> wherein the device is permeable. 70. The steps include 71. The device of claim 63, the wave canceling circuit. 72. The circuit of claim 71 includes: the apparatus, wherein the chopping elimination power comprises: a first-transistor and a second transistor differential amplifier; and a coupling coupled to the differential amplifier Transistor; a first Zener diode that is connected to the first transistor; and a second Zener diode that is connected to the second transistor. 73_ If the scope of the patent application is 72, the step-by-step includes: A member of the m-wave elimination circuit 114 201204171 A low-pass filter coupled to the first transistor. 74. A system for power conversion, the system coupled to a first phase modulation dimmer switch coupled to an alternating current (AC) power source, the system comprising: ', an exchange power supply; a chopper cancellation circuit coupled to the parent switching power supply; solid state illumination coupled to the chopping cancellation circuit; a first switchable adaptive interface) a circuit comprising a series coupled main - the first resistive impedance of the second switch and a reactive Γ impedance, in the ° 乂 — - switch in a turn off or county less than 4 丄, ~, times 疋 in the parent exchange power supply in one In the start mode, the current is conducted from the first switch in a box-and-loop mode, and the adaptive interface circuit is connected to the j-switchable interface, which includes - The second resistive impedance of the series device is at the switch to conduct current from the first switch in a first circuit pinch when the switched mode power supply is supplied to the second power mode. Interface 7: The system of claim 74, wherein the first aspect includes the first resistor coupled in series to the second switch. The relationship is coupled to - the first pole of the first capacitor is coupled to the system of claim 74, wherein the second open relationship 77 is connected to the gate of the third switch The first transistor. The interface of the system of the patent range 76, wherein the second adaptability, the string is transferred to the second switch and further to 115 201204171, a gate of the first transistor, a first resistor 78. A sensor as in claim 74; and '' Including: οσ includes: nc\ l λ, the fourth level of the off HH 79. For example, Shen Qing patent range 7th switch w system, where the detector is a transistor, its transmission and the ancient eight you have a through a switch And a pole coupled to the first-divider, comprising: a series-connected two resistors, the second and third resistors being coupled to a base. A remainder of the four-step coupling of the resistor to the transistor 80. The first or more light-emitting diodes as claimed in the patent application. The system of item 74, wherein the solid state lighting is 81. The system of claim 74, wherein the secondary system is coupled to the first switch via a rectifier. 82. The system of claim 74, wherein the chopping cancellation circuit comprises: a differential amplifier including a first transistor and a second transistor; and a transfer power coupled to the differential amplifier a first Zener diode coupled to the first transistor; and a second Zener diode coupled to the second transistor. 8. The system of claim 8 wherein the 5 xenon wave cancellation circuit further comprises: a low pass filter coupled to the first transistor 116