201202554 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於液體環式果’且更特定言之本發明係關於 其中泵之至少若干部份具有紋理表面以降低泵之流體摩擦 損失之液體環式泵。 【先前技林ί】 Ο 〇 在習知液體環《巾，轉子轉地安裝於靜止環形外 殼中使得轉子軸與外般之中央軸偏心。轉子具有平行於轉 子軸延伸並自轉子軸徑向向外突出使得葉片在圍繞轉子之 圓周方向均等關之葉片。在外殼中保持—线送液體 (通常為水）使得當轉子旋轉時，轉子葉片接合液體並使之 形成外殼内的環形環。因為外殼與轉子偏心，故液體環亦 與轉子偏心。此意指在系之一側上(所謂的入口區域)，鄰 近轉子葉片之間之液體徑向向外移動離 之另一側上（所謂㈣縮區域），鄰近轉子葉片之間之2 徑向向内移動朝向轉子較。入氣口係連接至入口區域使得 待系送的氣體被拉動入其中液體徑向向外移動之鄰近轉子 葉月之間之空間内。排氣口係連接至麼縮區域使得由徑向 向内移動之液體壓縮的氣體可自泵排出。 ::;的疋液體環式泵中能量損失之一主要原因係泵内流 :之間之流體摩擦與歸因於阻力之果之「經濕濁 ==(諸如形成液體環之工作液體及/或被栗送之氣 )的泵内側之表面區域）之設計/構形。 固體表面上之阻力降低的希望是研究者多年來所追求 154076.doc 201202554 的。在-例示性方法中，已知的是表面之氣動阻力可藉由 施加「紋理」至原本光滑表面而降低。此可見於(舉例而 言）高爾夫球之凹坑。紋理降低移動穿過流體之固體（例如 飛機、輪船、汽車等等）之表面摩擦阻力及沿著固體移動 之流體（例如管流等等）之表面摩擦阻力。 【發明内容】 本發明之諸實施例提供一液體環式泵，其中該泵之至少 右干部份具有紋理表面以降低該泵之流體摩擦損失。與一 流體接觸之該泵内部之該等表面可經構形以提供阻力降 低。在一態樣中，與一流體接觸之該泵内部之至少一表面 之至少一部份可經構形以改質該表面上的流體邊界層。在 另一態樣中，與一流體接觸之該泵内部之至少一表面之至 少一部份可經構形以控制該流體邊界層之分離。 在一態樣中，提供一種用於降低液體環式泵之摩擦損失 之方法。在另一態樣中，該液體環式泵可包括具有延伸於 一前板與一背板之間之一環形周邊壁之—靜止外殼及定位 於該外殼中的-轉子。在另—態樣中，—驅動軸可旋轉地 安裝於該靜止外殼中，且該驅動軸之一端可延伸穿過該背 板。該轉子可安裝至該驅動軸。在另一態樣中，該轉子可 包括一環形轂及自該轂徑向向外延伸之複數個葉片。在又 一態樣中，接觸一流體之該泵之至少若干部份（諸如該轉 子轂、該轉子之該等葉片、該環形周邊壁之一内周邊及類 似物）可界定經構形以當該流體通過該紋理表面時降低阻 力的一紋理，藉此降低摩擦損失。在另一態樣中，該液體 154076.doc 201202554 環式泵可進一步包括該外殼内之一旋轉或靜止套管或襯 墊。在此一配置中，該紋理可界定於該旋轉套管之内表面 及/或外表面上。 熟習此項技術者在檢查下列圖式及詳細描述之後將瞭解 本申喷案之液體環式栗之其他系統、方法、特徵及優點。 ' 意欲所有此等系統、方法、特徵及優點包含於此描述内並 受隨附申請專利範圍保護。 【實施方式】 Ο 併入此說明書並組成說明書之一部分之隨附圖式繪示本 發明之特定態樣並連同描述用於解釋（但不限於）本發明之 原理。在該等若干圖式中本文中使用的相同參考數字指示 相同部分。 參考下文詳細描述、實例、圖式及申請專利範圍及其先 月(j及下文4田述可更容易瞭解本發明。然而，在揭示及描述 本裝置、系統及/或方法之前，應瞭解本發明並不限於所 Ο 揭示之該等特定裝置、系統及/或方法（除非另外指定）且當 然同樣可變化。應瞭解本文中使用的術語學係僅用於描述 特定態樣之目的且並未意欲限制。 本發明之下文描述係作為以本發明的最佳、當前已知實 知例可得本發明之教示而提供。為此目的，熟習此項技術 者應認識並意識到可對本文描述的本發明之各種態樣作出 改變’同時仍獲得本發明之有益結果。亦應瞭解本發明之 —些所需優點可藉由選擇本發明之一些特徵而不利用其他 特徵而獲付。因此，熟習此項技術者應認識到本發明之报 154076.doc 201202554 多修改及調適為可能且甚至在特定情形下為可取並係本發 明之一部分。因此，下文描述係作為本發明之原理之說明 而非本發明之原理之限制而提供。 如說明書及隨附申請專利範圍中所使用，單數形式 「一」、「一個」及「該」包含複數指示物除非上下文明顯 另外指不。因此，舉例而言，「一凹坑」之參考包含兩個 或更多個此等凹坑或類似物。 在本文中範圍可表述為自「大約」一特定值及/或至 大約」另一特定值。當表述此一範圍時，另一實施例包 δ自β亥特疋值及/或至另一特定值。類似地，當值藉由 使用先行詞「大約」而表述為近似時，應瞭解該特定值形 成另一實施例。應進一步瞭解該等範圍之每一者之端點明 顯既與另—端點有關又獨立於另—端點。亦應瞭解存在許 多本文中揭示的值’且各值在本文中亦揭示為除該值自身 之外之「大約」此特定值。舉例而言，若揭示值「1 〇」， 則亦揭示「大約1G」。亦應瞭解#揭示—值「小於或等 於」該值時’亦揭示「大於或等於該值」及介於諸值之間 之可能範圍’如熟習此項技術者所適當瞭解。舉例而言， 若揭示值「10」，則亦揭示「小於或等於1〇」以及「二於 ,等於!0」。應瞭解在本申請案巾，資料以許多不同格式 ，供且此資料表示端點及起點與該等資料點之任何組合之 ^圍。舉例而言，純示—特^資料點「1G」& -特定資 料點15」’則應瞭解考慮揭示大於、大於或等於、小 於小於或等於及等於10及15以及介於1〇與15之間。亦應 154076.doc 201202554 瞭解亦揭示二個特定單元之間之各單元。舉例而言，若揭 示10及15 ’則亦揭示11、12、13及14。 如本文中所使用，用語「可選」或「視情況」意指隨後 描述的事件或情形可或不可發生，且描述包含其中該事件 或情形發生之例子及其中該事件或情形未發生之例子。 可藉由參考本發明之諸實施例之下文詳細描述及其中包 含的實例並參考圖式及其先前及下文描述可更容易瞭解本 發明。 〇 雖然本發明之原理同樣可適用於不同類型之流體泵及/ 或壓縮器（諸如正排量泵、離心泵及類似物），但本發明將 在液體環式栗之背景下描述。類似地，雖然本發明之原理 同樣可適用於具有在圍繞泵之圓周方向交替之任何數目的 入口區域及壓縮區域之泵，但本發明將在於該圓周方向僅 具有一入口區域及一壓縮區域之泵之背景下描述。本發明 亦適用於多級泵（即，自一級排出氣體至另一級的入口之 Q 泵）之任何一級或任何數級，但再次，將透過本發明應用 於單級泵之下文解釋完全瞭解本發明。 圖1至圖3繪示一習知平面液體環式泵1〇。該泵包括具有 延伸於實質上平行隔開的前（或埠）板16與背板18之間之一 «周邊壁14之-靜止外殼12。在習知圓錐及圓柱埠液體 環式泵設計中，該外殼之環形周邊壁14可延伸於一前及後 轉子護罩29、28與圓錐（或圓柱）座部配置之間。該泵進一 步包括一轉子20,其經由延伸穿過背板18之一驅動軸22可 旋轉地安裝於外殼中。該軸及該轉子可經由任何合適驅 154076.doc 201202554 動構件（圖中未顯示）（諸如一電動馬達及類似物）驅動以繞 著该轴之一縱向轴線旋轉。 轉子20 i括連接至驅動軸的一環形轉子較24、在實質 上平行於轴22之该軸線之平面内自該較徑向向外延伸之複 數個葉片26 ’及亦在實質上垂直於驅動軸22之該軸線之一 平面内自該毅徑向向外延伸以便連接所有轉子葉片％之背 部份之一碟狀背護罩28 ^該轉子可進一步包括連接葉片26 之前部份之一碟狀前護罩29。轉子2〇可由一轉子鎖定螺母 23b 口持於軸22上。轉子2〇係偏心定位於外殼丨2中使得該 轉子之外周邊21在某些位置處比在其他位置處更接近於 %形外设壁14之一内周邊15。雖然圖丨及圖2中顯示該等轉 子茱片實質上為筆直，但葉片26或者可為以熟習此項技術 者已知的方式相對於轉子旋轉方向向前或向後彎曲或成鈎 狀。 在外殼12中保持一些工作液體使得當轉子2〇如由圖i中 箭頭30所指示旋轉時，轉子葉片26接合該工作液體並使之 形成圍繞環形周邊壁14之内周邊15之一再循環環形環。此 液體環之近似内邊界或表面在圖丨及圖2中以虛線32表示。 如圖1中了見，因為轉子2〇相對於外殼壁μ偏心安裝， 且因此亦與液體環偏心，故轉子葉片26在某些位置比在其 他位置進一步延伸入液體内。舉例而言，在如圖1所示之 该泵之左手側上，該液體環之内表面32在轉子旋轉方向與 轉子轂24逐漸分離。因此，在該泵之此部份中（稱為入氣 口區域），由鄰近轉子葉片26、轉子轂24及該液體環之内 I54076.doc 201202554 表面32界定的工作空間在轉子旋轉方向體積逐漸增加。在 如圖1所示之該泵之右手側上，該液體環之内表面32在轉 子旋轉方向逐漸聚集朝向轉子轂24。因此，在該泵之此部 伤中（稱為氣體壓縮區域），由鄰近轉子葉片26、轉子轂24 及該液體環之内表面32界定的工作空間在轉子旋轉方向體 積逐漸減小。 在刼作中，待泵送之氣體經由平面液體環式泵設計上的 Ο201202554 VI. OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION: FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to liquid ring type 'and more particularly to a liquid in which at least some portions of the pump have textured surfaces to reduce fluid friction losses of the pump Ring pump. [Previous Skills] Ο 〇 In the conventional liquid ring, the rotor is rotatably mounted in the stationary annular casing so that the rotor shaft is eccentric with the outer central axis. The rotor has vanes extending parallel to the rotor shaft and projecting radially outward from the rotor shaft such that the vanes are equally closed about the circumference of the rotor. Maintaining in the outer casing - the liquid is supplied (usually water) such that as the rotor rotates, the rotor blades engage the liquid and form an annular ring within the outer casing. Because the outer casing is eccentric to the rotor, the liquid ring is also eccentric to the rotor. This means that on one side of the system (so-called inlet area), the liquid between the adjacent rotor blades moves radially outwards from the other side (so-called (four) constricted area), adjacent to the 2 radial between the rotor blades Move inward toward the rotor. The air inlet is connected to the inlet region such that the gas to be supplied is pulled into the space between the adjacent rotor blades in which the liquid moves radially outward. The venting port is connected to the collapsed region such that the gas compressed by the radially inwardly moving liquid can be discharged from the pump. One of the main reasons for the energy loss in the helium liquid ring pump is the internal flow of the pump: the fluid friction between the two is due to the effect of the resistance "by wet turbidity == (such as the working fluid forming the liquid ring and / The design/configuration of the inner surface of the pump on the surface of the pump. The hope of reducing the resistance on the solid surface is what the researchers have pursued for many years 154076.doc 201202554. In the exemplary method, it is known The aerodynamic drag of the surface can be reduced by applying a "texture" to the original smooth surface. This can be seen, for example, in the pit of a golf ball. The texture reduces the surface frictional resistance of solids moving through the fluid (e.g., aircraft, ships, cars, etc.) and the surface frictional resistance of fluids moving along the solid (e.g., tube flow, etc.). SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention provide a liquid ring pump wherein at least a right dry portion of the pump has a textured surface to reduce fluid friction losses of the pump. The surfaces of the interior of the pump in contact with a fluid may be configured to provide a reduction in drag. In one aspect, at least a portion of at least one surface of the interior of the pump in contact with a fluid can be configured to modify a fluid boundary layer on the surface. In another aspect, at least a portion of at least one surface of the interior of the pump in contact with a fluid can be configured to control separation of the fluid boundary layer. In one aspect, a method for reducing the frictional losses of a liquid ring pump is provided. In another aspect, the liquid ring pump can include a stationary outer casing having an annular peripheral wall extending between a front plate and a backing plate and a rotor positioned in the outer casing. In another aspect, the drive shaft is rotatably mounted in the stationary housing and one end of the drive shaft extends through the back plate. The rotor can be mounted to the drive shaft. In another aspect, the rotor can include an annular hub and a plurality of vanes extending radially outward from the hub. In still another aspect, at least portions of the pump contacting a fluid, such as the rotor hub, the blades of the rotor, an inner perimeter of the annular perimeter wall, and the like, can define a configuration to be The fluid passes through the textured surface to reduce a texture of the resistance, thereby reducing frictional losses. In another aspect, the liquid 154076.doc 201202554 ring pump can further include a rotating or stationary sleeve or liner within the housing. In this configuration, the texture can be defined on an inner surface and/or an outer surface of the rotating sleeve. Those skilled in the art will be able to understand the other systems, methods, features, and advantages of the liquid ring type of the pump after reviewing the following figures and detailed description. All such systems, methods, features, and advantages are intended to be included in this description and are protected by the scope of the accompanying claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0014] The specific aspects of the present invention are set forth in the description of the specification, The same reference numbers are used in the drawings to refer to the same parts. The invention will be more readily understood by reference to the following detailed description, examples, drawings and claims. The specific devices, systems, and/or methods disclosed are not limited (unless otherwise specified) and may, of course, vary. It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular aspects and is not intended The following description of the present invention is provided as the teachings of the present invention in the best, presently known embodiments of the invention. Various aspects of the invention are modified while still obtaining the beneficial results of the present invention. It should also be understood that some of the desired advantages of the present invention can be obtained by selecting some of the features of the present invention without the use of other features. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the present invention is 154076.doc 201202554. It is possible to modify and adapt as much as possible and even in certain circumstances is part of the present invention. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" The indicator is unless otherwise clearly indicated by the context. Thus, for example, reference to "a pit" includes two or more such pits or the like. In this context, the range may be expressed as "about" a particular Value and/or to approximately another specific value. When expressing this range, another embodiment includes δ from the value of β 疋 and/or to another specific value. Similarly, when the value is used by using an antecedent When the term "about" is used in the context of the approximation, it should be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment. It should be further understood that the endpoints of each of the ranges are obviously related to the other endpoint and independent of the other endpoint. It should be understood that there are many values disclosed herein, and that each value is also disclosed herein as "about" the particular value other than the value itself. For example, if the value "1" is revealed, it also reveals "about 1G". It should also be #示—The value "less than or equal to" the value 'also reveals "greater than or equal to the value" and the possible range between the values' as understood by those skilled in the art. For example, if the value is revealed "10" also reveals "less than or equal to 1" and "two is equal to !0". It should be understood that in the case of this application, the information is available in many different formats and this information indicates the endpoint and starting point and such Any combination of data points. For example, purely - special data points "1G" & - specific data points 15"' should be considered to consider revealing greater than, greater than or equal to, less than less than or equal to and equal to 10 And 15 and between 1 and 15. It should also be 154076.doc 201202554 to understand and disclose the units between two specific units. For example, if 10 and 15' are disclosed, 11, 12, 13 and 14. As used herein, the term "optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes examples in which the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which the event or circumstance does not occur. . The invention may be more readily understood by reference to the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention and the accompanying drawings. 〇 Although the principles of the present invention are equally applicable to different types of fluid pumps and/or compressors (such as positive displacement pumps, centrifugal pumps, and the like), the present invention will be described in the context of a liquid ring. Similarly, although the principles of the present invention are equally applicable to pumps having any number of inlet and compression zones alternating around the circumference of the pump, the invention will reside in that the circumferential direction has only one inlet region and one compression region. The background of the pump is described. The invention is also applicable to any one or any of a number of stages of a multi-stage pump (i.e., a Q pump from a primary exhaust gas to an inlet of another stage), but again, the full explanation of this will be explained by the application of the present invention to a single stage pump. invention. 1 to 3 illustrate a conventional planar liquid ring pump. The pump includes one of the "front wall 14 - stationary housing 12" extending between substantially parallel spaced front and/or back plates 18. In conventional conical and cylindrical helium liquid ring pump designs, the annular peripheral wall 14 of the outer casing can extend between a front and rear rotor shroud 29, 28 and a conical (or cylindrical) seat configuration. The pump further includes a rotor 20 rotatably mounted in the housing via a drive shaft 22 extending through the backing plate 18. The shaft and the rotor can be driven to rotate about a longitudinal axis of the shaft via any suitable drive member (not shown) such as an electric motor and the like. The rotor 20 includes a ring rotor 24 connected to the drive shaft, a plurality of blades 26' extending from the radially outward direction in a plane substantially parallel to the axis of the shaft 22, and also substantially perpendicular to the drive One of the axes of the shaft 22 extends radially outward from the axis to connect one of the back portions of all of the rotor blades %. The rotor may further include a portion of the front portion of the connecting blade 26 Front guard 29. The rotor 2〇 can be held on the shaft 22 by a rotor lock nut 23b. The rotor 2 is eccentrically positioned in the casing 丨 2 such that the outer periphery 21 of the rotor is closer to the inner periphery 15 of one of the % peripheral walls 14 at some locations than at other locations. Although the figures and FIG. 2 show that the rotor blades are substantially straight, the blades 26 may alternatively be curved or hooked forward or backward relative to the direction of rotation of the rotor in a manner known to those skilled in the art. Some working fluid is held in the outer casing 12 such that when the rotor 2 is rotated as indicated by arrow 30 in FIG. i, the rotor blades 26 engage the working fluid and form a recirculating annular ring around one of the inner perimeters 15 of the annular peripheral wall 14. . The approximate inner boundary or surface of the liquid ring is indicated by dashed line 32 in Figure 2 and Figure 2. As seen in Fig. 1, since the rotor 2 is eccentrically mounted relative to the outer casing wall μ, and thus also eccentric with the liquid ring, the rotor blades 26 extend further into the liquid at certain locations than at other locations. For example, on the left hand side of the pump as shown in Figure 1, the inner surface 32 of the liquid ring is gradually separated from the rotor hub 24 in the direction of rotor rotation. Thus, in this portion of the pump (referred to as the inlet region), the workspace defined by the adjacent rotor blade 26, the rotor hub 24, and the surface of the liquid ring I54076.doc 201202554 32 is gradually increased in the direction of rotor rotation. . On the right hand side of the pump as shown in Figure 1, the inner surface 32 of the liquid ring gradually collects toward the rotor hub 24 in the direction of rotor rotation. Thus, in this portion of the pump (referred to as the gas compression zone), the workspace defined by the adjacent rotor blade 26, rotor hub 24 and inner surface 32 of the liquid ring progressively decreases in volume in the direction of rotor rotation. In the production, the gas to be pumped is designed via a flat liquid ring pump.
前板16中的一入口埠34進入該泵之該入口區域。在圓錐液 體環式泵中，取代前板16，埠可界定於在一相匹配錐度且 受控空隙下突出入該轉子内之一圓錐部件中。類似地，在 圓柱埠液體環式泵中，取代前板16，埠可界定於在受控空 隙下突出入該轉子内之一圓柱部件中。該氣體可經由入口 導管44及入口氣室42供應至該泵。該氣體係藉由該入口區 域内的工作空間之膨脹而抽入該泵内，且隨後係藉由該壓 縮區域内的工作空間之收縮而壓縮。接著，該經壓縮氣體 係經由前板16中的—排料36自該泵排出。該經麼縮氣體 可經由排出氣室46及排出導管48自該泵輸送。 在另一實施例中，液體環式泵1〇可進一步包括一環形襯 墊7〇 ’其包括安置於外殼12中並鄰近環形外殼壁14之内周 邊b使得該襯塾繞著軸22之縱向軸線自由旋轉之一圓^ 體。在-態樣中，該襯墊可為一旋轉襯墊或一靜止襯塾。 該襯墊具有經構形以接觸卫作液體的—内表面似鄰近環 形外殼壁14之内周邊15之一外表面74。 液體環式泵中之一 旎1損失及因此無效率之源為再循環 154076.doc 201202554 液體環與與液體環接觸之該泵之表面（包含外殼壁14之内 周邊1 5及該轉子之葉片26之諸部份）之間之流體摩擦。若 存在一襯墊70，則該再循環液體環與與該液體環接觸之泵 10之該等表面（包含該襯墊之一内表面及該轉子之葉片26 之諸部份）之間之流體摩擦可為一能量損失源。另外，在 當存在一襯墊時之情況下，當該襯墊旋轉時襯墊7〇之一外 表面74與該環形外殼壁之内周邊15之間可存在流體摩擦。 液體％式泵中之能量損失及因此無效率之另一源為被泵送 的氣體與與該氣體接觸之該泵之表面（包含轉子葉片％及 轉子轂24之諸部份' 入口埠34、排出埠36、相關導管及類 似物）之間之流體摩擦。 在一態樣中，表面處理可施加於與一流體接觸之泵丨〇之 任何或所有表面（濕潤表面），諸如舉例而言（但不限於）該 外殼壁之内周邊15、該轉子轂、該轉子之該等葉片、襯墊 70之該等内表面及/或外表面及類似物。在另一態樣中， 該表面處理可包括一紋理，其包括複數個凹坑5〇。在又一 態樣中，該紋理可包括複數個凹穴、凹槽、狹样、 類似物。 在一態樣中，如圖4中所繪示，該複數個凹坑之各凹场 形狀實質上可為球形。圖5繪示根據一態樣之具有一實賀 上球形形狀之複數個凹坑之一截面圖。然而，預期凹坑^ 可為其他形狀’諸如肋條形、多面體、撼鬥r 夕卸粒橢圓形、抛物錦 形、旋轉雙曲面及類似物。在又一能媒由 隹又悲樣中，預期該等凹坑 形狀當在截面圖中觀察時可為實質上正方形、實質上矩 154076.doc -10- 201202554 形'實質上梯形及類似物。在另一態樣中，至少一第一凹 坑或第一複數個凹坑可具有一第一形狀（諸如球形），且至 少一第二凹坑或第二複數個凹坑可具有一第二形狀（諸如 橢圓形）。因此，複數個凹坑5〇可包括任何數目的凹坑， 而各凹坑具有一不同形狀或與其他凹坑相同之形狀。An inlet port 34 in the front plate 16 enters the inlet region of the pump. In a conical fluid ring pump, instead of the front plate 16, the weir may be defined to project into one of the conical members of the rotor under a matched taper and controlled void. Similarly, in a cylindrical helium liquid ring pump, instead of the front plate 16, helium may be defined to protrude into a cylindrical member within the rotor under controlled clearance. This gas can be supplied to the pump via inlet conduit 44 and inlet plenum 42. The gas system is drawn into the pump by expansion of the workspace within the inlet region and subsequently compressed by shrinkage of the workspace within the compression region. The compressed gas is then discharged from the pump via a discharge 36 in the front plate 16. The condensed gas can be delivered from the pump via the bleed air chamber 46 and the exhaust conduit 48. In another embodiment, the liquid ring pump 1A may further include an annular gasket 7'' including a longitudinal periphery disposed in the outer casing 12 and adjacent the inner periphery of the annular outer casing wall 14 such that the liner surrounds the longitudinal direction of the shaft 22. One of the axes is free to rotate. In the aspect, the pad can be a rotating pad or a stationary pad. The liner has an outer surface 74 that is configured to contact the viscous liquid - such that the inner surface is adjacent to the inner periphery 15 of the annular outer casing wall 14. One of the losses in the liquid ring pump and thus the source of inefficiency is recirculation 154076.doc 201202554 The liquid ring is in contact with the surface of the pump in contact with the liquid ring (including the inner periphery of the outer casing wall 14 and the blades of the rotor) Fluid friction between the parts of 26). If a liner 70 is present, the recirculating liquid ring and the surface of the pump 10 in contact with the liquid ring (including the inner surface of one of the liners and portions of the blades 26 of the rotor) Friction can be a source of energy loss. Additionally, in the presence of a liner, there may be fluid friction between one of the outer surfaces 74 of the liner 7 and the inner periphery 15 of the annular outer casing wall as the liner rotates. Another source of energy loss and therefore inefficiency in a liquid % pump is the surface of the pump being pumped with the gas in contact with the gas (including rotor blade % and portions of rotor hub 24). The fluid friction between the weir 36, the associated conduit, and the like). In one aspect, the surface treatment can be applied to any or all of the surfaces (wet surfaces) of the pump 接触 in contact with a fluid, such as, for example, but not limited to, the inner periphery 15 of the outer casing wall, the rotor hub, The blades of the rotor, the inner and/or outer surfaces of the liner 70, and the like. In another aspect, the surface treatment can include a texture comprising a plurality of dimples 5〇. In yet another aspect, the texture can include a plurality of pockets, grooves, slits, and the like. In one aspect, as depicted in Figure 4, the concave fields of the plurality of dimples may be substantially spherical in shape. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a plurality of dimples having a spherical shape in accordance with an aspect. However, it is contemplated that the pits may be of other shapes such as ribs, polyhedrons, buckets, elliptical ellipses, parabolic ridges, rotating hyperboloids, and the like. In yet another energy source, it is expected that the shape of the pits may be substantially square, substantially moment 154076.doc -10- 201202554 shaped 'substantially trapezoidal and the like when viewed in cross section. In another aspect, the at least one first pit or the first plurality of pits may have a first shape (such as a sphere), and the at least one second pit or the second plurality of pits may have a second Shape (such as an ellipse). Thus, the plurality of dimples 5〇 can include any number of dimples, and each dimple has a different shape or the same shape as the other dimples.
在另一悲樣中，該複數個凹坑之各凹坑5〇可具有大約 〇_ 1 85英吋之一大小（諸如對於一球形凹坑而言為一直徑）。 然而，預期各凹坑可具有小於或大於〇185英吋之一大In another sad case, each of the plurality of pits 5 〇 may have a size of about 〇 1 85 inches (such as a diameter for a spherical pit). However, it is expected that each pit may have a size smaller than or greater than 〇185 inches.
小。舉例而言，各凹坑可具有大約〇〇〇5英吋、〇〇1〇英 吋、0.020英吋、〇.03〇英吋、〇 〇4〇英吋、〇 〇5〇英吋、 0.060英吋、0.070英吋、〇 〇8〇英吋、〇 〇9〇英吋、〇刚英 吋^㈣英吋^⑶英吋^⑽英吋^⑽英吋、 0.150英吋、0.160英吋、〇 17〇英吋、〇 18〇英吋、〇 19〇英 吋、0.200夬吋、0.210英吋、〇 22〇英吋、〇 23〇英吋、 0.240英叶、0.250英时、Q 26G英忖、Q 27g英忖、〇 28〇英 吋、0.290央吋、〇.3〇〇英吋、〇 32〇英吋、〇 34〇英吋、 0.360英吋、0.380英吋、〇 4〇〇英吋、〇 42〇英吋、〇 44〇英 忖、〇·460英时、〇·48〇英忖、0.500英时、〇·55〇英忖、、 〇.600英叶' 〇.650英时、㈣〇英付、0.750英对、〇·_英 才0.850兴于、〇.9〇〇英对、〇 95〇英忖、i _英叶或大於 .000央，f t大小。在另—態樣中，預期該複數個凹坑 之各凹坑可具有相同大小或不同於其他凹坑50之一大小。 因此’在-癌樣中’該複數個凹坑可包括任何數目的凹 坑’且各凹坑可具有—不同大小或與其他凹坑相同之大 154076.doc 201202554 /J> ο 在另一態樣中’該複數個凹坑之各凹坑可具有大約 0.038英吋之一深度。然而，預期各凹坑可具有小於戋大 於0_038英吋之一深度。舉例而言各凹坑5〇可具有大約 0.002英吋、0·004英吋、〇 〇〇6英吋、〇 〇〇8英吋、〇 〇1〇英 吋、0.012英吋、0.014英吋、0_016英吋、〇 〇18英吋、 0.020英对、〇.〇22英对、〇 〇24英吋、〇 〇26英吋、〇划英 吋、0.030英叶、0.032英吋、〇 〇34英吋、〇 〇36英吋、 0.038英时、〇·_英叶、〇 〇42英吋、〇 〇44英叶、〇姻英 吋、0.048英吋、〇·050英吋、〇〇55英吋、〇_英吋、 0.065英吋、0.07〇英忖、〇 〇75英吋、〇 〇 一。英时 '讓英…⑽英时、二5英时央 0.150英吋、〇·175英吋、〇 2〇〇英吋、〇 225英吋、〇 w英 对、〇^75英叫'、0.300英寸、0.325英忖、〇·35〇英吋、 0.375英吋、〇.4〇〇英pf、〇 425英吋、〇彻英吋、〇仍英 吋、0.500英吋或大於〇5〇〇英吋之一深度。在另一態樣 中，預期該複數個凹坑之各凹坑可具有相同深度或不同於 其他凹坑50之_、、$烊 m , 冰又。α此，在一態樣中，該複數個凹坑 °括任何數目的凹坑，且各凹坑具有一不同深度或與其 他凹坑相同之深度。 “樣中’該表面可具有每平方英吋大約26.5個凹 坑（「d/in2 , 凹坑雄'度（每單位面積的凹坑）。然而， 預期=表面可具有小於或大於記咖2之—凹坑密度。舉 ]^ ° '^表面可具有大約 W d/in2、1 d/in2、2 d/in2、3 154076.doc -12- 201202554 d/in2、4 d/in2、5 d/in2、7.5 d/in2、10 d/in2、12.5 d/in2、 15 d/in2 > 17.5 d/in2 > 20 d/in2 ' 22.5 d/in2, 25 d/in2 > 27.5 d/in2、30 d/in2、32.5 d/in2、35 d/in2、37.5 d/in2、40 d/in2、42.5 d/in2、45 d/in2、50 d/in2、55 d/in2、60 d/in2、65 Win2、70 d/in2、75 d/in2、80 dW、85 d/in2、 90 d/in2、95 d/in2、100 d/in2、125 d/in2、150 d/in2、175 d/in2、200 dAn2或大於200 (iAn2之一凹坑密度。在一態樣small. For example, each pit may have approximately 吋5 inches, approximately 1 inch, 0.020 inches, 〇0.33 inches, 〇〇4 inches, 〇〇5 inches, 0.060 English, 0.070 inches, 〇〇8〇英吋, 〇〇9〇英吋, 〇刚英吋^(4)英吋^(3)英吋^(10)英吋^(10) inches, 0.150 inches, 0.160 inches, 〇17〇英吋,〇18〇英吋,〇19〇英吋, 0.200夬吋, 0.210英吋,〇22〇英吋,〇23〇英吋, 0.240英叶, 0.250英时, Q 26G英忖, Q 27g, 〇28〇英吋, 0.290 吋, 〇.3〇〇英吋, 〇32〇英吋, 〇34〇英吋, 0.360英吋, 0.380英吋,〇4〇〇英吋〇42〇英吋,〇44〇英忖,〇·460英时,〇·48〇英忖, 0.500英时,〇·55〇英忖, 〇.600英叶' 〇.650 英, (4) 〇英付, 0.750英对, 〇·_英才0.850兴于,〇.9〇〇英对,〇95〇英忖, i _英叶 or greater than .000 央, ft size. In another aspect, it is contemplated that each of the plurality of dimples may have the same size or be different from one of the other dimples 50. Thus the 'in the cancer sample' the plurality of dimples may comprise any number of dimples' and each dimple may have a different size or the same size as the other dimples 154076.doc 201202554 /J> ο in another state Each of the plurality of dimples in the sample may have a depth of about 0.038 inches. However, it is contemplated that each pit may have a depth less than 戋 greater than 0-038 inches. For example, each pit 5 can have about 0.002 inches, 0.004 inches, about 6 inches, about 8 inches, about 1 inch, 0.012 inches, 0.014 inches, 0_016 inches, 〇〇18 inches, 0.020 inches, 〇.〇22 inches, 〇〇24 inches, 〇〇26 inches, 吋 吋, 0.030 英叶, 0.032 inches, 〇〇34英吋, 〇〇36 inches, 0.038 inches, 〇·_英叶, 〇〇42 inches, 〇〇44 inches, 〇英英吋, 0.048 inches, 〇·050 inches, 〇〇55 inches , 〇 _ _ 吋, 0.065 inches, 0.07 inches, 〇〇 75 inches, 〇〇 one. English time 'Let's...(10)英时,二五英时央 0.150 inches, 〇·175 miles, 〇2〇〇英吋,〇225〇,〇w英对,〇^75英叫',0.300 Inches, 0.325 inches, 〇35 sterling, 0.375 inches, 〇.4 inches of pf, 〇425 inches, 〇彻英吋, 〇 still 吋, 0.500 inches or more than 〇〇5 inches One of the depths. In another aspect, it is contemplated that the plurality of dimples of the plurality of dimples may have the same depth or different from the other dimples 50, 烊m, and ice. Thus, in one aspect, the plurality of dimples includes any number of dimples, and each dimple has a different depth or the same depth as other dimples. "In the sample" the surface may have approximately 26.5 pits per square inch ("d/in2, pit male' degree (pits per unit area). However, it is expected that the surface may have less than or greater than the coffee 2 The density of the pits. The surface of the ^^ '^ can have approximately W d / in2, 1 d / in2, 2 d / in2, 3 154076.doc -12 - 201202554 d / in2, 4 d / in2, 5 d /in2, 7.5 d/in2, 10 d/in2, 12.5 d/in2, 15 d/in2 > 17.5 d/in2 > 20 d/in2 ' 22.5 d/in 2, 25 d/in2 > 27.5 d/in2 , 30 d / in2, 32.5 d / in2, 35 d / in2, 37.5 d / in2, 40 d / in2, 42.5 d / in2, 45 d / in2, 50 d / in2, 55 d / in2, 60 d / in2 , 65 Win2, 70 d/in2, 75 d/in2, 80 dW, 85 d/in2, 90 d/in2, 95 d/in2, 100 d/in2, 125 d/in2, 150 d/in2, 175 d/ In2, 200 dAn2 or greater than 200 (iAn2 one pit density. In one aspect
中，凹坑密度可視凹坑大小而定，然而，凹坑配置及凹坑 之間之間距亦可影響凹坑密度。 在一態樣中，該複數個凹坑之各凹坑5 〇之間之該間距可 約為0.015英吋。然而，預期該複數個凹坑之各凹坑之間 之該間距可小於或大於〇.〇15英吋。舉例而言，各凹坑之 間之該間距可約為0.002英对、〇〇〇4英叶、〇〇〇6英吋、 0·_英叶、〇.〇1()英对、G_〇12英叶、0.014英忖、0.016英 吋、0.018英对、〇.02〇英吋、〇 〇22英忖、〇 〇24英吋、 0.026英时、0.028英时、〇 _英叶、〇 〇32英对⑽*英 对、0.036英叶、0.038英忖、〇〇4〇英时、〇〇42英叶、 〇.044英时、⑽6㈣、G._M、G.〇50英对、〇.055英 吋、0_060英吋、〇.〇65英吋、〇 〇7〇英吋、。奶英吋、 英对、讀5英时，90英对、㈣5英对、〇、⑽英 °寸、〇.125英叶、G.15G英对、⑽英对、0.200英叶、 忖、讓㈠、〇.375英时、G4⑼Η、μ25 0.450英f _、G糊英叶或大於g5q ' 154076.doc •13. 201202554 〜、‘中預期该複數個凹坑之各凹坑50之間之該間距可 從-凹坑至另-凹坑變化。因此，在—態樣中，—第一凹 坑^第—凹杌之間之該間距可不同於該第二凹坑與一第 三凹坑之間之該間距。 在&樣中，複數個凹坑50可經配置成具有複數個實質 上線性凹坑列54之—陣列52，如圖4及圖6中所繪示。在另 L樣中’鄰近連續列之凹坑實質上可在垂直於該等線性 列之一方向偏移，亦如圖4及圖6中所繪示。在另一態樣 中鄰近連續列之凹坑5〇實質上可在垂直於該等線性列之 一方向對齊。 在另一態樣中，複數個凹坑5〇可以其他圖案配置，諸如 舉例而Μ但不限於）肋條形、四面體、五面體、六面體、 七面體、三十面體、二十面體及十二面體。在另一態樣 中，該複數個凹坑可隨機配置於泵1〇之所需表面上。在另 一態樣中，凹坑之一第一圖案可形成於該泵之一表面之至 ^邛伤上，且凹坑50之一第二圖案可形成於該泵之一表 面之至父邛伤上。因此，預期複數個凹坑5 0可以相同圖 案及/或不同圖案配置於該泵之表面上。 如先前所論述，根據一態樣，該複數個凹坑之各凹坑可 八有預疋深度、大小及/或形狀。亦預期複數個凹坑5 0 可包括複數個不同大小或形狀的凹坑。在另一態樣中該 複數個凹坑之各凹坑在各自比例及/或形狀上為不同。舉 例而言而非意為限制，鄰近凹坑5〇可具有不同相對比例尺 寸。因此，一「大」凹坑可鄰近一「小」凹坑，使得一正 154076.doc -14- 201202554 視圖可為具有翻轉交錯鋸齒外觀之一列鄰接凹坑。 在一態樣中，表面紋理可施加於泵10之任何或所有濕潤 表面之至少若干部份。舉例而言，複數個凹坑5 〇可施加於 該外殼壁之内周邊15、該轉子之該等葉片之諸部份、襯墊 70之該等内表面及/或外表面（若存在）、轉子轂24、該等入 • 口埠及排出埠及/或相關導管。 在另一態樣中，該表面紋理可施加於泵1〇之任何或所有 〇 該等濕潤表面之至少若干部份以便降低該泵中的該等流體 與該泵之該濕潤表面之間之摩擦損失達大約1%、2%、 3%、4〇/〇、5〇/〇、6%、7%、8%、9〇/〇、10%、15%、2〇%、 25%、30。/。、35%、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、 70%、75%、80%、85%、90%、95%或 1〇〇%。在另一態樣 中’該表面紋理可經尺寸化以降低該泵中的該等流體與該 系之a亥濕潤表面之間之摩擦損失達大約1 %、2%、3%、 4%、5%、6%、7%、8%、9%、10%、15%、2〇%、25%、 〇 30%、35°/。、40%、45%、50%、55%、60%、65%、70%、 75%、80%、85%、90%、95%或 1〇〇〇/0。 在一態樣中，與一流體接觸之泵10之該等紋理表面可作 為控制邊界層之分離之一構件。在另一態樣中，與一流體 . 接觸之該泵之該等紋理表面可藉由在各凹坑50中形成至少 一内埋凹穴旋渦使得所產生的該等旋渦影響局部環速度、 降低黏滞阻力並增進泵效率而作為控制該邊界層之分離之 構件。内埋凹穴旋渴或§亥表面内小局部分離區域之形成 容許該外邊界層流動以躍過該紋理表面中的該等凹坑。因 154076.doc -15· 201202554In the case, the pit density may depend on the size of the pit, however, the pit arrangement and the distance between the pits may also affect the pit density. In one aspect, the spacing between the dimples 5 of the plurality of dimples can be about 0.015 inches. However, it is contemplated that the spacing between the dimples of the plurality of dimples may be less than or greater than 15 inches. For example, the spacing between the pits may be about 0.002 inches, 〇〇〇4 inches, 〇〇〇6 inches, 0·_英叶, 〇.〇1()英对, G_ 〇12英叶, 0.014 inches, 0.016 inches, 0.018 inches, 〇.02〇英吋, 〇〇22 inches, 〇〇24 inches, 0.026 inches, 0.028 inches, 〇_英叶, 〇 〇32 inches to (10)*英对,0.036英叶,0.038英忖,〇〇4〇英时,〇〇42英叶, 〇.044英时, (10)6(四), G._M, G.〇50英,〇 .055 inches, 0_060 inches, 〇. 〇 65 inches, 〇〇 7 inches. Milk Yingying, Yingying, reading 5 inches, 90 inches, (4) 5 inches, 〇, (10) inches, 〇.125 inches, G.15G pairs, (10) pairs, 0.200 inches, 忖, let (1), 375 375 英, G4 (9) Η, μ25 0.450 英 f _, G paste leaf or greater than g5q ' 154076.doc • 13. 201202554 ~, 'between the pits 50 of the plurality of pits expected The pitch can vary from -pit to another-pit. Therefore, in the aspect, the pitch between the first pits and the first recesses may be different from the pitch between the second pits and the third pits. In & like, a plurality of dimples 50 can be configured to have a plurality of substantially linear dimple columns 54 - array 52, as depicted in Figures 4 and 6. In another L-like, the pits adjacent to successive columns may be substantially offset in a direction perpendicular to one of the linear columns, as also illustrated in Figures 4 and 6. In another aspect, the pits 5 adjacent to successive columns may be substantially aligned in a direction perpendicular to the ones of the linear columns. In another aspect, the plurality of dimples 5〇 can be configured in other patterns, such as, but not limited to, ribs, tetrahedrons, pentahedrons, hexahedrons, heptahedrons, icosahedrons, Decahedron and dodecahedron. In another aspect, the plurality of dimples can be randomly disposed on a desired surface of the pump. In another aspect, a first pattern of one of the dimples may be formed on the surface of one of the pumps, and a second pattern of one of the dimples 50 may be formed on the surface of one of the pumps to the parent Injury. Therefore, it is contemplated that a plurality of dimples 50 can be disposed on the surface of the pump in the same pattern and/or in different patterns. As previously discussed, depending on an aspect, each of the plurality of dimples may have a predetermined depth, size, and/or shape. It is also contemplated that the plurality of dimples 50 may include a plurality of dimples of different sizes or shapes. In another aspect, the dimples of the plurality of dimples differ in their respective proportions and/or shapes. By way of example and not limitation, adjacent pits 5 may have different relative scale dimensions. Therefore, a "large" dimple can be adjacent to a "small" dimple, such that a positive 154076.doc -14-201202554 view can be a row of adjacent dimples with a flipped interdigitated appearance. In one aspect, the surface texture can be applied to at least portions of any or all of the wetted surfaces of the pump 10. For example, a plurality of dimples 5 can be applied to the inner perimeter 15 of the outer casing wall, portions of the vanes of the rotor, the inner and/or outer surfaces of the liner 70 (if present), Rotor hub 24, such ports, ports, and ports and/or associated conduits. In another aspect, the surface texture can be applied to any or all of the wetted surfaces of the pump 1 to reduce friction between the fluid in the pump and the wetted surface of the pump. Loss of approximately 1%, 2%, 3%, 4〇/〇, 5〇/〇, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9〇/〇, 10%, 15%, 2〇%, 25%, 30 . /. , 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 1%. In another aspect, the surface texture can be sized to reduce frictional losses between the fluid in the pump and the wetted surface of the system by about 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 15%, 2%, 25%, 〇30%, 35°/. 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 1〇〇〇/0. In one aspect, the textured surfaces of the pump 10 in contact with a fluid can be used as a component to control the separation of the boundary layer. In another aspect, the textured surfaces of the pump in contact with a fluid can be formed by forming at least one buried pocket vortex in each of the pockets 50 such that the resulting vortices affect the local loop velocity and decrease The viscous resistance and improved pump efficiency serve as a means of controlling the separation of the boundary layer. The formation of a buried pocket or a small partial separation region within the surface allows the outer boundary layer to flow to traverse the pits in the textured surface. Because 154076.doc -15· 201202554
此’歸因於内埋璇涡之形成可在該表面處強加部分滑動流 動條件之紋理表面之使用可經由分離控I 在另一態樣中，該紋理表面之作用係用於降低栗1〇之該等 紋理表面上的流體阻力’藉此增進該泵的效率。 先前描述作為可得最佳目前已知實施例之教示而提供。 為此目的，熟習此項技術者應認識並意識到可對本文描述 的本發明之各種態樣作出改變，同時仍獲得本發明之有兴 結果。亦應瞭解本發明之一些所需優點可藉由選擇本發: 之—些特徵而不利用其他特徵而獲得。下文申請專利範圍 t的所有構件或步驟加功能元件之相對應結構、材料、作 =及均等物意欲包含用於執行與如特別主張的其他主張元 件組合的功能之任何結構、材料或作用。 广熟習此項技術者應認識到本發明之报多修改及調 適為可能且甚至在特定情形下為可取並係本發明之一部 分。熟習此項技術者透過考慮本文揭示的本發明之說明金 2 =應瞭解本發明之其他實施例。因此，先前描述係作 :本發明之原理之說明而非本發明之原理之限制而提供。 人=在由r列申請專利範圍指示的本發明之一真實範 :神下，5兒明書及實例僅被認為例示性。 【圖式簡單說明】 士圖1係-平面設計之-繪示性液體環式泵之—截面圖。 二然預期本發明之諸態樣亦可應用於圓錐液 叶。 圖2係沿著，之線2_2取得的^之該泵之_戴面圖。 154076.doc -16· 201202554 圖3係具有一襯墊之一繪示性液體環式泵之一截面圖。 圖4根據一態樣繪示本申請案之一紋理表面。 圖5係根據一態樣之一紋理表面之一截面圖。 圖6係根據一態樣之一紋理表面之一凹坑陣列之一部份 之一平面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】This use of a textured surface due to the formation of a buried vortex that can impose partial sliding flow conditions at the surface can be via separation control I. In another aspect, the effect of the textured surface is to lower the pump 1 The fluid resistance on the textured surfaces ' thereby increasing the efficiency of the pump. The previous description is provided as a teaching of the best currently known embodiments. To this end, those skilled in the art will recognize and appreciate that various modifications can be made in the various aspects of the invention described herein. It will also be appreciated that some of the desired advantages of the present invention can be obtained by selecting the features of the present invention without utilizing other features. The structure, materials, and equivalents of all of the components or steps and functional elements of the following claims are intended to encompass any structure, material or function for performing the function in combination with other claimed elements as claimed. Those skilled in the art will recognize that many modifications and adaptations of the present invention are possible and even desirable in certain circumstances. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the description of the invention disclosed herein. Accordingly, the previous description is to be construed as illustrative of the principles of the invention Person = one of the true aspects of the invention as indicated by the application of the scope of the column r: God, 5 children's books and examples are only considered to be exemplary. [Simple diagram of the diagram] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a graphic design of a liquid ring pump. It is contemplated that aspects of the invention may also be applied to conical liquid leaves. Figure 2 is a diagram of the pump taken along line 2_2. 154076.doc -16· 201202554 Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of one of the illustrative liquid ring pumps with a liner. Figure 4 illustrates a textured surface of the present application in accordance with an aspect. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a textured surface according to one aspect. Figure 6 is a plan view of a portion of a pit array of one of the textured surfaces according to an aspect. [Main component symbol description]
10 泵 12 外殼 14 周邊壁 15 内周邊 16 前板 18 背板 20 轉子 21 外周邊 22 驅動軸 23b 轉子鎖定螺母 24 轉子轂 26 轉子葉片 28 背護罩 29 前護罩 34 入口埠 36 排出埠 42 入口氣室 44 入口導管 154076.doc -17- 201202554 46 排出氣室 48 排出導管 50 凹坑 52 陣列 54 凹坑列 70 襯塾 72 内表面 74 外表面 154076.doc - 1810 Pump 12 Housing 14 Peripheral wall 15 Inner periphery 16 Front plate 18 Back plate 20 Rotor 21 Outer periphery 22 Drive shaft 23b Rotor lock nut 24 Rotor hub 26 Rotor blade 28 Back shield 29 Front shroud 34 Inlet 埠 36 Discharge 埠 42 In Air chamber 44 inlet duct 154076.doc -17- 201202554 46 exhaust air chamber 48 exhaust duct 50 pit 52 array 54 pit row 70 liner 72 inner surface 74 outer surface 154076.doc - 18