201200486201200486
I 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於-種混凝土，制是指—種可制於魏物之含稻殼 灰的混凝土。 【先前技術】 目前，由於亞洲國家(如我國）或東南亞（如越南）等地區大多以米食為 主食’因此農民每年將會種植大量稻米，以我國為例，每年稻米量大約生 鲁產三千七百萬公嘲，稻米於收割後經由犧米加工以獲得精敏米，而稻米經 處理後所產生之稻殼量也將近一千公噸。 一般對於稻殼之處理方式，大多採職意放置作為肥料或燃燒，但由 於稻殼為不易腐爛且不易分解，降低其作為肥料的機率，為解決此問題， 則是將稻殼就地進行燃燒處理，然而，就地將稻殼以火燃燒，其燃燒時所 產生之濃煙會影響空氣品質及道路行車安全，且纖燒後之贿灰若無法 好好處理’而任意四處掩喊傾_，將會造舰境二次破壞。 • 有鑑於此，本發明人乃潛心研思、設計組製，其能提供將稻殼灰應用 於在凝土’藉以提南廢棄物再利用性，達到綠色環保及保護地球等目的， 為本發明所欲研創之發明動機者。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的，在提供—種含織灰之駿土，可相稻米廢棄 物之能源再利用及廢棄物稻縠灰之再利用之目的。 -Θ本發月之乂要目的’在於提供-種含稻殼灰之混凝土，可減少水泥用 量並降低成本之功效。 為達上述目的，本發明係提供一種含稻殼灰之混凝土，其係包括水泥 201200486 混合物’係包括水及水泥；以及稻殼灰，係以預定比例與該水泥混合物混 合，且該稻殼灰由稻殼經灰化處理而製成。藉此，以稻殼灰取代部分水泥， 使其可減少水泥用量以及降低其成本’有效提供稻米廢棄物之能源再利用 及廢棄物稻榖灰之再利用，達到節能減碳、綠色環保及保護地球等目的。 【實施方式】 凊參閱第1圖所示，為本發明之含稻殼灰之混凝土之製作流程示意圖。 該3稻喊灰之混凝土主要係將稻殼灰(Rice Husk她，腿）13以預定比例 與水泥混合物15齡，财疏合物主要由水、水疏ement)、細粒料I. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] The present invention relates to a kind of concrete, which refers to a concrete containing rice husk ash which can be prepared from Wei. [Prior Art] At present, most Asian countries (such as China) or Southeast Asia (such as Vietnam) mainly eat rice as their main food. Therefore, farmers will plant a large amount of rice every year. For example, in China, the annual rice yield is about three. Thousands and seven million people ridiculed that the rice was processed by the rice after harvesting to obtain the sensitive rice, and the rice husk produced by the treatment was nearly 1,000 metric tons. Generally, for the treatment of rice husks, most of them are used as fertilizer or burning, but because the rice husk is not easy to decompose and is not easy to decompose, reducing its probability of being used as a fertilizer, in order to solve this problem, the rice husk is burned in situ. Treatment, however, the rice husk is burned on fire in situ, and the smoke generated during its combustion will affect the air quality and road safety, and if the brittle ash after the burnt fiber cannot be handled well, and arbitrarily shouted, The ship will be destroyed twice. • In view of this, the inventors have devoted themselves to research and design, which can provide the application of rice husk ash to the purpose of “recycling the waste in the soil”, achieving environmental protection and protecting the earth. The inventor of the invention is motivated by the invention. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ash-containing soil, energy reuse of rice waste, and reuse of waste rice ash. - The purpose of this month is to provide - a concrete containing rice hull ash, which can reduce the amount of cement used and reduce the cost. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a concrete containing rice hull ash comprising cement 201200486, a mixture comprising water and cement, and rice husk ash mixed with the cement mixture in a predetermined ratio, and the rice husk ash It is made by ashing the rice husk. In this way, replacing some cement with rice husk ash can reduce the amount of cement and reduce its cost. 'Effectively provide energy reuse of rice waste and reuse of waste rice ash to achieve energy conservation, carbon reduction, environmental protection and protection. Earth and other purposes. [Embodiment] Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a schematic diagram of the production process of the rice hull ash-containing concrete of the present invention. The 3 ash ash concrete mainly consists of rice husk ash (Rice Husk, leg) 13 at a predetermined ratio with the cement mixture of 15 years old, and the glutinous compound is mainly composed of water and water, and fine granules.
Aggregate ’ F. Agge)及粗粒料（c〇arse Aggregate，c. Agge)所組成，該細 粒料可為砂、骨材，而該粗粒料可為石或骨材，亦即，級供稻殼u，將 該稻殼11經由特殊裝置(如高溫爐）以溫度為3〇〇至9〇〇度rc)進行灰化 處理12 ’藉以燃燒製成稻殼灰13。接著，將該稻殼灰13 α預定比例與水 泥混合物15進行娜齡14，轉得含滅灰之簡土 17，其中，該預 定比例係指該水泥混合物15混合後整體重量之6Q至9()重量％，而該稻殼 灰13則為混合後整體重量之10至4〇重量％(即為稻殼灰直接取代之水泥 量’該水泥量為每單位立方水泥用量，例如每單位水泥用量為棚公斤， 而稻殼灰取代之水泥量為施，即混合比例為卿公斤水泥與別公斤稻殼 灰）。再者，該水泥混合物15與該稻殼灰13混合之水膠比（w/B)可為〇 2 至0. 5，且由於該稻殼灰13之吸水率大約為_，因此，當該稻殼灰13與 該水泥混合物15混合時’ S視其水量_整其轉比（即稱祕正水勝比 (Revise W/B))。 再與該水泥混合物15進行 另外，該稻殼灰13也可經過研磨處理後， 201200486 » % 混合，且當該稻殼灰13加入於該水泥混合物15中時，還可將添加物16(如 強塑劑(Superplasticizer，SP) '助流劑、界面活性劑或黏著劑）同時加入 而與該稻殼灰13、該水泥混合物15 —起混合形成混凝土 p。 [實施例] 實施例（含稻榖灰之混凝土）及比較例（未含稻縠灰之混凝土）中所用之 各成分詳述如下： 稻殼灰：以溫度為700度進行灰化處理燃燒製成。 # 實施例1至3與比較例1至3 依表1所示之成分及比例，於室溫下在授拌混合製成混凝土。 表1 實施例1 實施例2 實施例3 比較例1 比較例2 0 比較例3 0 稻殼灰（重量％) 20 20 20 0 水膠比 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 修正水膠比 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 水泥(kg/m3) 533 427 320 470 400 320 粗粒料石(kg/m3) 660 660 660 660 660 660 細粒料砂(kg/m3) 908 1027 1148 1126 1183 1248 稻殼灰(kg/m3) 133 107 80 0 0 0 強塑劑(kg/m3) 3.6 2.5 1.7 0 0 0 水(kg/m3) 237 229 220 186 187 188 分別將上述所調製或^^殼灰之混凝成圓柱試體，且期 天後，進行抗壓強度試驗、超音波波速試驗 '電阻係數試驗及二氧化碳為卜r 5 201200486 放試驗’並將同尺寸圓柱體以平行方向切取成試片，以供進行氣離子電滲 試驗’其結果如表2至5所示。 表2 實施例1 實施例2 實施例3 比較例1 比較例2 比較例3 稻殼灰（重量％) 20 20 20 0 0 0 水膠比 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 修正水膠比 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 抗壓強度(MPa) 72 60 52 63 58 44 由表2之測試結果可知，在相同修正水膠比之條件下，本發明之含稻 殼灰之混凝土所具有的抗壓強度相較於未添加稻殼灰之混凝土所具有的抗 壓強度來的高。 表3 實施例1 實施例2 實施例3 比較例1 比較例2 比較例3 稻殼灰（重量％ ) 20 20 20 0 0 0 水膠比 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 修正水膠比 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 超因波速(m/s) 4377 4330 4337 4695 4700 4623 由表3測試結果得知，在相同修正水膠比之條件下，本發明之含稻殼 灰混凝土所具有的超音波波速係符合規範所需要的標準4〇〇〇(m/s)，亦可為 尚品質混凝土。 201200486 實施例1 實施例2 實施例3 比較例1 比較例2 比較例3 稻殼灰（重量％ ) 20 20 20 0 0 0 水膠比 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 修正水膠比 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 表面電阻值ΟίΩ-αί? 120.2 95.8 77.6 51.7 45.2 31.8 氯離子電滲值(庫倫) 1166 383 116 4583 5096 5954 應用效應(％) +232 +212 +244 100 100 100 由表4之測試結果可知，由於稻殼灰可與水泥混合物中所含之氫氧化 鈣及水進行卜作嵐反應，使混凝土之微觀結構更為緻密，因此，在稻殼灰 重量％不變，且修正水膠比提高的情況下，其氯離子電滲值（即通過電荷量） 越高’而表面電阻值則越低；在相同修正水膠比，且稻殼灰重量%提高之條 件下，其氣離子電滲值越低，而表面電阻值則越高，其應用效應也相對提 局。 表5 實施例1 實施例2 實施例3 比較例1 比較例2 比較例3 稻殼灰（重量％) 20 20 20 0 0 0 水膠比 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 修正水膠比 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 水泥用量(kg/m3) 534 427 320 667 553 420 稻殼灰(kg/m3) 133 107 80 0 0 0 二氧化碳減量 _ (ton/m3) 0.056 0.045 0.035 0 0 0 二氧化碳減少率 (%/per m3 con.) 12.4 12.4 12.4 0 0 〇 rc L « 201200486 由表5之測§极果可知本發明之含贼灰之鱗土所具有的二氧化 奴減里及—魏減少率她於未添加織灰之麟土所具有的二氧化碳減 量及二氧化減少率來的高。 綜上所述，本發明之含稻殼灰之混凝土主要係將稻殼經由灰化處理製 成稻殼灰，再職織紅號比输水泥混合_合独水膠比取代 水灰比，使其可減少水泥用量，進而降低其成本，同時，藉由稻殼灰取代 部分水泥’有效提供稻米廢棄物之㈣再糊及廢棄物健灰之再利用， 達到節能減碳、綠色環保及保護地球等目的。 201200486 . 1 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係為本發明之含稻殼灰之混凝土之製作流程示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 11 稻殼 12 灰化處理 13 稻殼灰 14 攪拌混合 15 水泥混合物 16 添加物 17 混凝土Aggregate 'F. Agge) and coarse aggregate (c〇arse Aggregate, c. Agge), the fine aggregate may be sand or aggregate, and the coarse aggregate may be stone or aggregate, that is, grade For the rice husk u, the rice husk 11 is ashed by a special device (such as a high temperature furnace) at a temperature of 3 〇〇 to 9 rc rc) to thereby produce rice husk ash 13 . Then, the predetermined ratio of the rice hull ash 13 α and the cement mixture 15 are aged 14 and transferred to the ash-containing soil 17 , wherein the predetermined ratio refers to the total weight of the cement mixture 15 after mixing 6Q to 9 ( % by weight, and the rice husk ash 13 is 10 to 4% by weight of the total weight after mixing (that is, the amount of cement directly substituted by rice hull ash). The amount of cement is the amount of cement per unit, such as the amount of cement per unit. For the shed kilogram, the amount of cement replaced by rice husk ash is applied, that is, the mixing ratio is Qingqian cement and other kilograms of rice husk ash). Furthermore, the water-cement ratio (w/B) of the cement mixture 15 mixed with the rice husk ash 13 may be 〇2 to 0.5, and since the water absorption rate of the rice husk ash 13 is about _, therefore, when When the rice husk ash 13 is mixed with the cement mixture 15, 'S regards the amount of water _ the whole ratio (that is, the Revise W/B). Further, in addition to the cement mixture 15, the rice husk ash 13 may also be subjected to grinding treatment, 201200486 » % mixing, and when the rice husk ash 13 is added to the cement mixture 15, the additive 16 may also be A superplasticizer (SP) 'glidant, surfactant or adhesive) is simultaneously added to mix with the rice husk ash 13 and the cement mixture 15 to form concrete p. [Examples] The components used in the examples (concrete containing ash and ash) and the comparative examples (concrete containing no ash ash) are detailed as follows: Rice husk ash: ashing treatment at a temperature of 700 degrees to make. #Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 According to the ingredients and ratios shown in Table 1, the concrete was mixed at room temperature to form concrete. Table 1 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 0 Comparative Example 3 0 Rice husk ash (% by weight) 20 20 20 0 Water-gel ratio 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 Modified water-binder ratio 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 Cement (kg/m3) 533 427 320 470 400 320 Coarse grain (kg/m3) 660 660 660 660 660 660 Fine grain sand (kg/m3) 908 1027 1148 1126 1183 1248 Rice husk ash (kg/ M3) 133 107 80 0 0 0 Strong plasticizer (kg/m3) 3.6 2.5 1.7 0 0 0 Water (kg/m3) 237 229 220 186 187 188 The above-mentioned prepared or hull ash is coagulated into a cylindrical test. Body, and after the day, carry out compressive strength test, ultrasonic wave velocity test 'resistance coefficient test and carbon dioxide for b r 201200486 release test' and cut the same size cylinder in parallel direction into test pieces for gas ion The results of the electroosmotic test are shown in Tables 2 to 5. Table 2 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Rice husk ash (% by weight) 20 20 20 0 0 0 Water-gel ratio 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 Modified water-binder ratio 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 Compressive Strength (MPa) 72 60 52 63 58 44 It can be seen from the test results in Table 2 that the compressive strength of the rice husk ash-containing concrete of the present invention is comparable to that of the same modified water-binder ratio. Concrete having no rice hull ash has a high compressive strength. Table 3 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Rice husk ash (% by weight) 20 20 20 0 0 0 Water-gel ratio 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 Modified water-binder ratio 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 super-wave velocity (m/s) 4377 4330 4337 4695 4700 4623 It is known from the test results in Table 3 that the ultrasonic wave velocity system of the rice husk-containing concrete of the present invention conforms to the same modified water-binder ratio. The standard required for the standard 4 〇〇〇 (m / s), can also be quality concrete. 201200486 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Rice husk ash (% by weight) 20 20 20 0 0 0 Water-gel ratio 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 Modified water-binder ratio 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 Surface resistance ΟίΩ-αί? 120.2 95.8 77.6 51.7 45.2 31.8 Chloride iontophoresis value (Coulomb) 1166 383 116 4583 5096 5954 Application effect (%) +232 +212 +244 100 100 100 From the test results of Table 4, Since the rice husk ash can react with the calcium hydroxide and water contained in the cement mixture to make the microstructure of the concrete more dense, the weight of the rice hull ash is unchanged, and the corrected water-to-binder ratio is improved. The higher the chloride ion electroosmosis value (ie, the amount of charge passing through it) and the lower the surface resistance value; the lower the gas iontophoresis value under the same modified water-to-binder ratio and the increase in the weight of rice ash ash The higher the surface resistance value, the more the application effect is. Table 5 Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Rice husk ash (% by weight) 20 20 20 0 0 0 Water-gel ratio 0.24 0.3 0.4 0.34 0.4 0.5 Modified water-binder ratio 0.34 0.4 0.5 0.34 0.4 0.5 Cement consumption (kg/m3) 534 427 320 667 553 420 Rice husk ash (kg/m3) 133 107 80 0 0 0 Carbon dioxide reduction _ (ton/m3) 0.056 0.045 0.035 0 0 0 Carbon dioxide reduction rate (%/per M3 con.) 12.4 12.4 12.4 0 0 〇rc L « 201200486 From the test of Table 5, it can be seen that the sulphur-containing ash-containing scale of the present invention has a reduction in the sulphur dioxide and a decrease in the rate of Wei-we The carbon dioxide reduction and the rate of reduction in oxidation of the ash soil are high. In summary, the rice hull ash-containing concrete of the present invention mainly comprises rice husk ash by ashing treatment, and the re-weaving red number is mixed with the cement _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ It can reduce the amount of cement, and thus reduce its cost. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the cost of carbon, environmental protection and protect the earth by replacing some cement with rice husk ash, effectively providing rice (4) re-paste and recycling of waste ash. Wait for the purpose. 201200486 . 1 [Simple description of the drawing] Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the production process of the concrete containing rice husk of the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 11 Rice husk 12 Ashing treatment 13 Rice husk ash 14 Stirring and mixing 15 Cement mixture 16 Additive 17 Concrete