201126381 六、發明說明： ^ 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於觸碰感測，更明確而言，係關於利用比對算則之觸碰感 測方法，本方法尤其適用於感測同時發生的多點觸碰。 【先前技術】 第1圖係顯示一般觸碰感測裝置！之示意圖。該觸碰感測裝置i具有 鲁 觸控面板10 ’其包含一感測陣列’具有行列交錯的軌條（如^與⑴。 軌條行13係經由觸碰感測器14檢測，而軌條列12係經由觸碰感測器16 檢測。觸碰感測器Μ和16將指示檢測結果的感測信號發給觸碰控制器18 以判疋發生在馳面板10上的n賴碰齡置與強度。此種觸碰感測 裝置1及其操作在此項領域中為泛知者。 舉例而言，當兩根手指同時觸碰該觸碰面板1〇的位置15和17，在χ 軸與Υ轴的感測信號波形曲線係分別如第i圖之下方與左方所示。如圖所 鲁不’在Y軸之維度’由於兩個位置15和17大致上是在同一列，故波形僅 有個波峰。在X軸之維度’由於兩個觸碰位置15和17是在不同行，故 波形具有兩個波峰。 藉由觀察感測信號的波形，可得知觸碰位置。理想上，當有兩個觸碰 •發生在不同的行或列，波形將會出現「鱗·波谷_波峰」的曲線。亦即，在 波形曲線中有兩個極大值以及—個極小值出現在兩者之間。第2圖顯示兩 個觸碰發生時之_信號的各概形鱗。圖表（a)顯示理想狀況。如所 示’波形具有顯現為「波峰-波谷-波峰」的曲線。兩個波峰分別表示此維度 中兩個觸碰位置的座標’而波谷表示兩個觸碰位置之間的空間。然而，實 201126381 作上，波形可能並不如此完美。圖表（b)顯示感測信號受到雜訊干擾的狀 況。如可見者。因為雜訊，使得波谷消失不見。在此情況下，難以區分兩 個觸碰位置。圖表（C)顯示兩個觸碰位置太過接近以致兩個波峰彼此重疊 的狀況。在此種情況下，亦難以區分兩個觸碰位置。 習知技術中，係藉由以下的中心點公式計算位置以用於找出觸碰位置： Σ X[iVW[i]201126381 VI. Description of the Invention: ^ Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to touch sensing, and more specifically to a touch sensing method using a comparison algorithm, which is particularly suitable for sensing simultaneously Multiple touches occurred. [Prior Art] Fig. 1 shows a general touch sensing device! Schematic diagram. The touch sensing device i has a Lu touch panel 10' which includes a sensing array 'a rail with interlaced rows (such as ^ and (1). The rail row 13 is detected via the touch sensor 14, and the rail The column 12 is detected via the touch sensor 16. The touch sensors Μ and 16 send a sensing signal indicating the detection result to the touch controller 18 to determine the age of the touch panel 10 And the strength. Such a touch sensing device 1 and its operation are well known in the art. For example, when two fingers simultaneously touch the positions 15 and 17 of the touch panel 1 ,, at the χ axis The waveforms of the sensing signals with the x-axis are respectively shown below and to the left of the i-th image. As shown in the figure, the dimension in the Y-axis is substantially in the same column because the two positions 15 and 17 are substantially the same. The waveform has only one peak. In the dimension of the X-axis, since the two touch positions 15 and 17 are in different rows, the waveform has two peaks. By observing the waveform of the sensing signal, the touch position can be known. On the top, when there are two touches • occur in different rows or columns, the waveform will appear as a “scale, trough _ wave” curve. That is, there are two maxima and a minimum value appearing between the two in the waveform curve. Figure 2 shows the outline scales of the signal when the two touches occur. The graph (a) shows the ideal condition. As shown, the waveform has a curve appearing as a "crest-valley-peak". The two peaks represent the coordinates of the two touch positions in this dimension, respectively, and the trough represents the space between the two touch positions. In 201126381, the waveform may not be so perfect. The graph (b) shows the condition that the sensing signal is disturbed by noise. If it is visible, the valley disappears because of the noise. In this case, it is difficult to distinguish the two touches. Position. The graph (C) shows the situation where the two touch positions are too close so that the two peaks overlap each other. In this case, it is also difficult to distinguish the two touch positions. In the prior art, the following centers are used. The point formula calculates the position for finding the touch position: Σ X[iVW[i]
X touch (1) 其中不⑽d»為觸碰位置的座標，可為第/條線（如：第ζ•行）的座標， 刚為第/條線的信雜度’ ζ•起始於—觸麵域的起始點並結束於該觸碰 區域的結束點。此種方式容易受到雜訊干擾，亦即，所計算出的位置可能 因為雜訊而漂移。 因此’希望有方法能夠更有效而精確地判斷發生在觸控面板等的觸碰 位置’即使當觸雜置彼此很接近時林會受_訊干擾。 【發明内容】 其可有效精確檢測觸控 本發明之一目的在於提供一種觸碰感測方法 面板等之觸碰感測器的觸碰位置。 根據本發明之一方面，用於檢測觸碰感測 法包含提供代表-縣觸碰的—參相魏形 顧觸碰感測 二::=Γ考觸碰波形曲線，參考觸碰波形*線_ .〜最佳結果；以及對應該最佳結果，從該參考觸碰波形曲線, 201126381 認觸碰位置。 根據本發明之另-方面，用於檢測觸碰感測器之觸碰位置的觸碰感測 方法包含提供代表-理想觸碰的-參考觸碰波形曲線；從觸碰感測器操取 感測信號；合成魏個參考靡波職線錄成_理想組合波形曲線；藉 由改變組成該理想組合波形曲線的該等參考觸碰波形曲線之中心點來比對 該理想組合波形崎與該制健以找ώ最錢果；以及龍該最佳結 果，從該理想組合波形曲線確認觸碰位置。 比對可藉如t算够考觸猶職誠是由複數個參考麻波形曲線 組成的理想組合波形鱗與該制信賴_度實行H比對可藉由 計算該參考_波職_是倾㈣參麵微職線域的理想組合 波形曲線與該感測信號之間的差異而實行。 為讓本發明之上勒容能更_鎌，下讀舉較佳實關，並配合 所附圖式，作詳細說明如下： 【實施方式】 ，第3圖係顯示兩個觸碰之理想波形曲線以及有兩個觸碰的感測信號波 形。於此例巾’兩個觸碰發生在χ軸維度的不同座標上。為了簡單與清楚 起見將不„寸’ γ轴維度。然而，熟知此項技藝者當可理解Y轴維度的情 況係與X轴維度類似。於第3圖中’波形曲線32表示第一觸碰，而波形曲 線34表示第二觸碰。該等觸碰係可以手指或其他物件行之。兩個觸碰同時 發生在不_\軸座標上+所示，第—波形曲線幻的中心點係在位置u， 而第二波形曲線34的中心點餘位置v，曲線32和％為理想波形曲 201126381 線。實作上’係檢測具有_波形曲線38的感測信號，理想狀況中，其大致 為第-與第二觸碰波形曲線32與34的總和。 於本發明中’係預先儲存一參考觸碰波形曲線。該參考觸碰波形曲線 為理想觸碰波形曲線，如第一觸碰波形曲線32或第二觸魏形曲線％。舉 例而言’當㈣時，表示參考觸碰波形曲線的中心點在第三條線。對於兩 侧碰的狀況’該參考觸魏形曲紐複製独不關祕触置以與該 感測信號波職線38比較。藉由如此，即使#有雜赠或是當賴觸碰發 生在接近的位置時，亦可辨識兩個觸碰的中心點。 藉由逐步移動兩個參考觸碰波形曲線32和34，亦即，改變時v的位 置，並且比較該等參考觸碰波形曲線32、34與該感測信號波形曲線％，可 獲付最接近的絲。城最接近絲的— a(u，v)即表柏侧碰的中心 點位置。 為了決定U的移動範圍與v的移動範圍，係如第3圖所示般設定一個 臨界值。誠界_辦係概定成簡分_狀__碰狀態。該臨 界值與該感測信號波形曲線在兩個點相交，此二闕X軸座標分別為W 和Wb。該點Wa為搜尋觸碰位置的起始點，而該點為搜尋觸碰位置的 結束點。亦即，搜尋觸碰位置的有效範圍係定義為[Wa，Wb]。於此圖中， 點Wm為Wa與Wb之間的中點。亦即，Wm的座標為Wm = (Wa + Wb)/2。 一般而言，u的位置可藉由在從Wa到Wm的範圍裡搜尋而找到，而v 的位置可藉由在從Wm到Wb的範圍裡搜尋而找到。然而，為了確保搜尋 結果為最佳，u和v的搜尋範圍可稍微擴展。例如，為了找到u的位置，搜 尋範圍可擴展為[Wa，Wm+1 ];為了找到v的位置，搜尋範圍可擴展為[Wm-1， 201126381X touch (1) where (10)d» is the coordinate of the touch position, which can be the coordinate of the /th line (such as: ζ• line), just the letter/noise of the line / ζ•starts at — The starting point of the touch field ends at the end point of the touch area. This method is susceptible to noise interference, that is, the calculated position may drift due to noise. Therefore, it is desirable to have a method for more effectively and accurately determining the touch position occurring on the touch panel or the like. The forest is subject to interference even when the touches are close to each other. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a touch position of a touch sensor such as a touch sensing method panel. According to an aspect of the present invention, the method for detecting touch sensing includes providing a representative-county touch--parameter phase-like touch sensing two::=refer to touch waveform curve, reference touch waveform* line _ . ~ the best result; and the best result, from the reference touch waveform, 201126381 recognize the touch position. According to another aspect of the present invention, a touch sensing method for detecting a touch position of a touch sensor includes providing a reference touch waveform curve representing a - ideal touch; and sensing a sense from the touch sensor Measure the signal; synthesize the Wei reference 靡 wave line to record the _ ideal combination waveform; change the center point of the reference touch waveforms that make up the ideal combination waveform to compare the ideal combination waveform with the system Jian finds the most money; and the best result of the dragon, confirms the touch position from the ideal combination waveform. The comparison can be calculated by t, and the test is based on the ideal combination of the waveforms of the reference waveform and the trust of the system. The comparison of the H can be calculated by calculating the reference. The difference between the ideal combination waveform of the reference micro-careline field and the sensed signal is implemented. In order to make the upper part of the present invention more versatile, the following reading is better, and the detailed description is as follows: [Embodiment], the third figure shows the ideal waveform of two touches. The curve and the waveform of the sensing signal with two touches. In this case, the two touches occur on different coordinates of the x-axis dimension. For the sake of simplicity and clarity, the gamma axis dimension will not be used. However, it is well known to those skilled in the art that the Y-axis dimension is similar to the X-axis dimension. In Figure 3, the waveform curve 32 represents the first touch. Touch, and waveform 34 indicates the second touch. These touches can be performed by fingers or other objects. Both touches occur simultaneously on the _\axis coordinate +, the center point of the first waveform At the position u, the center point of the second waveform 34 is at the position v, and the curves 32 and % are the ideal waveforms of the curve 201126381. In practice, the sensing signal having the _ waveform 38 is detected, ideally, The sum of the first and second touch waveforms 32 and 34. In the present invention, a reference touch waveform is pre-stored. The reference touch waveform is an ideal touch waveform, such as a first touch. Waveform curve 32 or second touch curve %. For example, when (4), the center point of the reference touch waveform curve is at the third line. For the situation of the two sides touched, the reference touches the shape of the curve Touching the signal wave with the sensing signal Line 38 is compared. By doing so, even if there is a miscellaneous gift or when the touch occurs in an approximate position, the center point of the two touches can be recognized. By gradually moving the two reference touch waveforms 32 and 34, that is, changing the position of the v, and comparing the reference touch waveforms 32, 34 with the % of the sense signal waveform, the closest wire can be obtained. The city is closest to the wire - a (u, v) The position of the center point of the side of the surface of the cypress. In order to determine the range of movement of the U and the range of movement of the v, a threshold is set as shown in Fig. 3. The honesty _ office is defined as a simple _ _ _ collision state. The threshold value and the sensing signal waveform curve intersect at two points, the two X-axis coordinates are W and Wb respectively. The point Wa is the starting point of the search touch position, and the point is search The end point of the touch position. That is, the effective range of the search touch position is defined as [Wa, Wb]. In this figure, the point Wm is the midpoint between Wa and Wb. That is, the coordinates of Wm are Wm = (Wa + Wb)/2. In general, the position of u can be found by searching in the range from Wa to Wm, and the position of v can be obtained by Searched in the range from Wm to Wb. However, in order to ensure the best search results, the search range of u and v can be slightly expanded. For example, in order to find the location of u, the search range can be expanded to [Wa, Wm+ 1]; In order to find the location of v, the search range can be expanded to [Wm-1, 201126381
Wb]。舉一個例子，如果由臨界值所決定的起始點Wa以及結束點^分別 為9和16，亦即搜尋範圍為[9, 16]，此搜尋範圍可於起始與結束擴展2。因 此’調整厚的搜尋範圍變成[9-2, 16+2] = [7, 18]。 第4圖顯示兩個參考觸碰波形曲線32、34之中心點的不同相對位置。 由兩個參考觸碰波形曲線所組成的理想組合波形曲線IP仏力可表示為： IP(i，_/) = Six(〇 ㊉ Sv(/) (2) 其中Su⑺為觸碰波形曲線32，其中心點在位置ζ·(亦即，z‘ = u); Sv(/·) 鲁為觸碰波形曲線34，其中心點在位置y(亦即，y. = v)。變數z•和y係在上述 的搜尋範圍内。 於第4圖中，顯示了六種理想組合波形曲線ip(z.，y)，包括Ip(Wa，U) =Su(Wa)㊉ Sv(Wm-l)、IP(Wa，Wm) = Su(Wa)㊉ Sv(Wm)、IP(Wa+l, Wm-1) =Su(Wa+l)㊉ Sv(Wm-l)、IP(Wa+l，Wm) = Su(Wa+l)㊉ Sv(Wm)、IP(Wa+2, Wm-1) = Su(Wa+2)㊉ Sv(Wm-l)、以及 IP(Wa+2, Wm) = Su(Wa+2)㊉ Sv(Wm)。各理想組合波形曲線IP(Z·，力係與感測信號波形曲線w(xl，比對 • 以獲取最佳結果’其中xl和x2為兩個實際觸碰的中心點位置。 各種理想組合波形曲線IP(?*，力與感測信號波形曲線w(xl，χ2)之比對可 利用任何適當算則實施，諸如相關性運算、SAD (絕對差值總和）或MSE (均方差）。當採用相關性運算時，係計算W(xl，x2)*(Su(〇㊉Sv(/))之加 總’而最大結果即為最佳結果。當採用SAD或MSE時，係計算各種理想 組合波形曲線ΙΡ(ί，力與感測信號波形曲線W(xl，X2)之間的差值。因此’最 小結果為最佳結果。 於本實施例中係採用SAD算則。SAD算則可表示為： (3)201126381 Σ a^(IP(i, j) ~ JV(xl, X2))Wb]. As an example, if the starting point Wa and the ending point ^ determined by the threshold are 9 and 16, respectively, that is, the search range is [9, 16], the search range can be expanded by 2 at the start and end. Therefore, the adjustment of the thick search range becomes [9-2, 16+2] = [7, 18]. Figure 4 shows the different relative positions of the center points of the two reference touch waveforms 32, 34. The ideal combined waveform curve composed of two reference touch waveforms can be expressed as: IP(i, _/) = Six (〇10 Sv(/) (2) where Su(7) is the touch waveform 32, The center point is at position ζ·(ie, z' = u); Sv(/·) is the touch waveform 34 whose center point is at position y (ie, y. = v). Variable z• and y is within the above search range. In Figure 4, six ideal combined waveform curves ip(z., y) are shown, including Ip(Wa, U) = Su(Wa) ten Sv(Wm-l) , IP (Wa, Wm) = Su (Wa) ten Sv (Wm), IP (Wa + l, Wm-1) = Su (Wa + l) ten Sv (Wm - l), IP (Wa + l, Wm ) = Su(Wa+l) 十 Sv(Wm), IP(Wa+2, Wm-1) = Su(Wa+2) 十 Sv(Wm-l), and IP(Wa+2, Wm) = Su (Wa+2) Ten Sv(Wm). Each ideal combination waveform curve IP (Z·, force system and sensing signal waveform curve w(xl, comparison • to get the best result) where xl and x2 are two actual The center point position of the touch. The ideal combination waveform curve IP (?*, the ratio of force to the sensing signal waveform curve w(xl, χ2) can be implemented using any appropriate algorithm, such as correlation operation, SAD (absolute difference) Value sum) or MSE (mean variance) When the correlation operation is used, it calculates the sum of W(xl,x2)*(Su(〇十Sv(/))' and the maximum result is the best result. When using SAD or MSE, it calculates various ideals. Combine the waveform curve ί (ί, the difference between the force and the sensing signal waveform curve W(xl, X2). Therefore, the 'minimum result is the best result. In this embodiment, the SAD algorithm is used. The SAD algorithm can be Expressed as: (3)201126381 Σ a^(IP(i, j) ~ JV(xl, X2))
SADSAD
N 和v 其中N為SAD映對圖中點的數目（亦即(z•，刀之組數），亦即位置u 之組合的數目。 U和V的值係逐步改變以合成出各種理想組合波形曲線計算各 個IP(O’)與Μ信號波形曲線w(xl，X2)之間的SAD、结果以構成包含不同組 (u，v)之各個SAD結果的SAD映對圖。在此SAD映對圖中，最小結果即為 最佳結果，且對應此最小結果的一組(u，v)即表示估計的觸碰位置。 如上所述，可採用其他算則，諸如MSE以及相關性運算。mse算則可 表示如下： Υ(ΙΡ{^])-Ψ{χ\,χ2))2 MSE = ^-_ N (4) 相關性運算可表示如下： Σ(ΙΡ(ί^γψ(χ\,χ2))N and v where N is the number of points in the SAD map (ie, (z•, number of sets of knives), that is, the number of combinations of positions u. The values of U and V are gradually changed to synthesize various ideal combinations. The waveform curve calculates the SAD between each IP (O') and the Μ signal waveform curve w(xl, X2), and the result is to form a SAD mapping pair containing the SAD results of the different groups (u, v). In the figure, the minimum result is the best result, and a set (u, v) corresponding to this minimum result represents the estimated touch position. As mentioned above, other calculations such as MSE and correlation operation can be employed. The mse algorithm can be expressed as follows: Υ(ΙΡ{^])-Ψ{χ\,χ2))2 MSE = ^-_ N (4) The correlation operation can be expressed as follows: Σ(ΙΡ(ί^γψ(χ\ ,χ2))
Correlation =—--- N (5) 表示理想組合波形曲線IP之公式（2)係可稱為參考觸碰波形曲線 合成公式，並可進一步表示為： lp0·，/) = Su⑺㊉ Sv(/_) = IP(i,/) = Su〇) + Sv(/·) +PSu(i)*Sv(/) ( 6 ) 其中A表示兩個參考觸碰波形曲線32和34之間的耦合度，亦即兩個 參考觸碰波形曲線32和34的重疊程度。當= 〇時，意謂兩個參考觸碰 201126381 波形曲線各自獨立而可直接加在一起。 第5圖係顯示兩個參考觸碰波形曲線32和34的u和v之各種組合的 SAD映對圖。在此SAD映對圖中，係選定-初點5〇(亦即—組特定的(u，v)) 實行搜尋以找出最小結果55。如所示，u的搜尋細錢定為陳，偷川， v的搜尋範圍係決定為[_；!，_。如果初點％選擇適當，則可迅速獲取 最小結果55。 為了從SAD映對圖找出最小結果，可利用各種已知方法。除了全搜尋 法以外，-些快速搜尋法亦，諸如最陡梯度搜尋法、三步搜尋法、菱 形搜尋法等。 第6圖係顯示最陡梯度搜尋法用於本發明之示意圓。如已知者，在選 定-初諸（亦即-組特定(u，v))之後，係檢查_映對财該初諸 周圍的八個最近的點以及該初點6G，這九財找出相對最小結果。而 後’搜尋進-步_躲小結果的額實行，檢查軸躲小結果附近的 二個點。可能的狀況係如圖中下方所示。Correlation =—--- N (5) The formula (2) representing the ideal combination waveform curve (2) can be called the reference touch waveform curve synthesis formula, and can be further expressed as: lp0·, /) = Su(7) 十 Sv(/_ ) = IP(i,/) = Su〇) + Sv(/·) +PSu(i)*Sv(/) ( 6 ) where A represents the degree of coupling between the two reference touch waveforms 32 and 34, That is, the degree of overlap of the two reference touch waveforms 32 and 34. When = 〇, it means that the two reference touches 201126381. The waveforms are independent and can be directly added together. Figure 5 is a SAD map showing various combinations of u and v for two reference touch waveforms 32 and 34. In this SAD mapping, the search is selected - the initial 5 〇 (i.e., the group-specific (u, v)) is searched to find the minimum result 55. As shown, u's search for fine money is set to Chen, stealing Sichuan, v search range is determined as [_;!, _. If the initial point % is selected appropriately, the minimum result 55 can be quickly obtained. In order to find the minimum result from the SAD mapping, various known methods can be utilized. In addition to the full search method, some quick search methods, such as the steepest gradient search method, the three-step search method, and the diamond search method. Figure 6 shows the steepest gradient search method used in the schematic circle of the present invention. As is known, after the selection - the first (ie, - group specific (u, v)), the system checks the eight nearest points around the beginning of the financial year and the initial point 6G, which is looking for A relatively minimal result. Then, the search for the step-by-step _ hides the result of the small amount, and checks the two points near the axis to hide the small result. The possible conditions are shown at the bottom of the figure.
·、，' 了搜尋最佳的點（亦即最佳結果），除了每次移動u或v之位置一個 單位之外，亦可請單位來移動位置，例如W晝输W晝素。如果 U或V的位置每次移動1/2畫素，則可物畫素的解析度。如果U或v的 位置每次移動1/4晝素，則可達1/4畫麵解析度。 第7圖係顯示三步搜尋法用於本發明之示意圖。在奴—初點 即一組特定(u，V))之後，係檢查該初點7〇周圍於上、下左、右、左上 左下、右上、右下方向之相隔縣間距的八個_及該初點川，以、 個相對較佳點。錢，係檢查在軸馳佳點觸之該等人個方向的另八 201126381 個點以及該相對較佳點以找出第_ 相對較佳點。依此類推。最後，可決定 最終最佳點。 第8圖係顯示四個圖表，閣示根據本發明之方法的實施齡圖表（a) 顯示-感測信號之為錢幅度，橫㈣位置。係如上述般利用 -臨界值以界定搜尋範圍。於本例中’得到的是wa=9，綱6。為了確 保可完成最佳比對，該侧在起始於結束處延展2 ”卿，調整過的搜尋範 圍為[Wa-2, Wb+2] = [9-2, 16+2] = [7, 18]。圖表⑻為圖表（a)的局部放 大圖表（c)為本例中藉由上述之SA〇算則比對該感測信號波形與在不 同位置之義參考觸碰波職顧得咖灿_圖。藉由_全搜尋法 或快速搜尋職尋該SAD圖，最小結果出現在㈣〖，㈣）”脚，座標 U和14為兩個手指觸碰的估計位置。圖表⑷顯示兩個參考觸碰波形曲 線82、S4 ’其各為類高斯波形。波形曲線祕表示理想組合波形曲線正⑴， 14) ’其係藉由合成兩個參考觸碰波形曲線Su(u) 82和84而得。如 可見者，圖表（b)巾的感測信號波形與理想組合波形曲線_，岣妨非 常近似。 應注意的是諸如相關性計算、SAD、MSE等比對方法本質上具有對雜 訊免疫的特性〇於第8圖所示的例子中，信號雜訊比（SNR)為1Ge然而， 如可知者，SAD映删具有雜訊免疫麟.可獲取最小結果的位置而不 被雜訊顯著影響。 第9圖係顯示四個圖表，闡示根據本發明之方法的另一實施範例。此 四個圖表係對應第8圖的圖表，因此相關詳細說明在此省略亦避免冗贅。 於本例中’兩個手指觸碰的位置彼此太接近以致波形曲線合併在一起。如 201126381 圖表⑷所示，從SAD映對圖中所得之最小結果的兩個位置非常接近， 以致兩個參考觸碰波形曲線92和94非常接近。結果，藉由合成該等兩個 參考觸碰_鱗92和94所得_理練合波形鱗％並林有「鱗 -波谷-鱗」的雜。_，科狀綠，纽概灯仍然可 得到正確的觸碰位置。 本發明之方法當_全搜尋而實施時可賴純1()騎示之流程圖。 第10圖係顯示本發日月之方法於_全搜尋判定兩個手指觸碰位置時的流程 圖。於步驟S110 ’係決定用以實行比對操作的邊界。如所述可藉由對一 感測信號設定-臨界值而獲取一起始點Wa以及一結束點別。料可得一 中點 Wm = (\^+Wb〇/2。 於步驟sm ’健微祕該邊界峨级尋細。糊而言，尋找第 手摘碰位置u之搜尋範圍可設定為[Wa，Wm+1]，*尋找第二手指觸碰 位置v之搜尋範圍可設定為[Wm-l，WbJ。 於步驟S13G ’棚如·面板之觸碰__取—_信號波形曲線 W(xl，χ2) ’其中χ1及u表示兩個手指觸碰的位置。藉由合成兩個參考觸 碰波形曲線Su_Sv⑺而產生一理想組合波形曲線11>(/，7·)，其中在本例中 Wa ^ G Wm+1且Wm-1 $奶。藉由改變位置讀v的％值，可 獲取多個理想組合波形曲線IP(U)。藉由利用任何合適的算則比對感測信號 波形曲線W(xl，χ2)與該等IP(z;y)以得到一映對圖驗以v)(例如_映 對圖）。在步驟S14G，在映對K MAP(U，v)搜尋最佳結果。對應該最佳結果 的特定一組(11，v)即表示實際的手指觸碰位置。 第11圖係顯示本發曰月之方法於利用快速搜尋判定兩個手指觸碰位置時 201126381 的流程圖。於步驟⑽’係決定用以實行比對操作的邊界。如所述，可藉 由對-感測信號設定-臨界值而獲取一起始點Wa以及一結束點^。此外 可得-中點Wm = (Wa+wb)/2。於步驟㈣，係礙—搜尋初點（亦即一 組特定的(u，V)) ’並選定搜尋步I如果搜尋步階選定為一個晝素，則解析 度即達-個晝素。如果搜尋步階軟為1/4晝素，則解析度即達ι/4畫素。 於本例中，選擇(u = (Wa+Wm)/2, v = (Wm+Wb)/2))作為始點，且搜尋步驟為 卜於步驟S230，利用諸如最陡梯度搜尋法、三步搜尋法等快速搜尋法從感 測信號波形曲線W(xl，功與理想組合波形曲線邱，;)之比對映對圖中從該_ 始點開始尋找最佳結果。 參考觸碰波形鱗可以各種方式取得。例如，可預先測量—觸碰波形 曲線，並騎爾驗職_乡無的信餘雜以查找表的形式儲存 於產品之記麵中，諸如唯讀記憶體、‘_等記憶體等。開始使用時，可 從該查找表讀取該等多點的信號位準值。 參考觸碰波形祕可由數學式產生，例如高斯分佈，其表示為：·,, 'Search for the best point (that is, the best result), in addition to moving a unit of u or v each time, you can also ask the unit to move the position, such as W 昼W. If the position of U or V moves by 1/2 pixel each time, the resolution of the object pixel can be obtained. If the position of U or v moves 1/4 pixel at a time, it can reach 1/4 resolution. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the three-step search method used in the present invention. After the slave - the initial point is a set of specific (u, V), the system checks the eight points of the interval between the upper and lower left, right, upper left, lower left, upper right, and lower right directions. The first point is Sichuan, with a relatively good point. Money, check the other eight 201126381 points in the direction of the axis and the relative better point to find the _ relatively better point. So on and so forth. Finally, the final best point can be determined. Figure 8 shows four graphs showing the implementation age chart (a) of the method according to the invention showing the sensed signal as the money amplitude and the horizontal (four) position. The -critical value is used as described above to define the search range. In this case, what is obtained is wa=9, class 6. To ensure that the best alignment can be achieved, the side extends 2" at the beginning and the adjusted search range is [Wa-2, Wb+2] = [9-2, 16+2] = [7 , 18]. The graph (8) is a partial enlarged graph (c) of the graph (a). In this example, the above-mentioned SA calculation is compared with the sense signal waveform and the reference touch wave at different positions.咖灿_图. By _ full search method or quick search job to find the SAD map, the minimum result appears in (4) 〖, (4)) feet, coordinates U and 14 are the estimated positions of two finger touches. Graph (4) shows two reference touch waveform curves 82, S4' which are each a Gaussian waveform. The waveform curve indicates that the ideal combination waveform is positive (1), 14)' which is obtained by synthesizing two reference touch waveforms Su(u) 82 and 84. As can be seen, the sensing signal waveform of the chart (b) towel and the ideal combination waveform curve _, which is very similar. It should be noted that the comparison method such as correlation calculation, SAD, MSE, etc. essentially has the characteristics of immunity to noise. In the example shown in Fig. 8, the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is 1Ge. However, as can be seen The SAD mapping has the location of the noise immunity. The position with the smallest result can be obtained without being significantly affected by the noise. Figure 9 shows four diagrams illustrating another embodiment of the method in accordance with the present invention. These four charts correspond to the chart of Fig. 8, so the detailed description is omitted here and avoids redundancy. In this example, the positions touched by the two fingers are too close to each other so that the waveforms are merged together. As shown in the chart (4) of 201126381, the two positions of the smallest result obtained from the SAD mapping are very close, so that the two reference touch waveforms 92 and 94 are very close. As a result, by synthesizing the two reference touches _ scales 92 and 94, the grammar is combined with the waveform scale % and has a "scale-groove-scale" impurity. _, the green color, the new light can still get the correct touch position. The method of the present invention can be implemented as a flow chart of pure 1 () riding when implemented in full search. Figure 10 is a flow chart showing the method of the present day and month when the _ full search determines the position of two finger touches. The boundary for performing the comparison operation is determined in step S110'. As described, a starting point Wa and an ending point can be obtained by setting a threshold value for a sensing signal. It is possible to obtain a midpoint Wm = (\^+Wb〇/2. In the step sm 'jianwei secrets the boundary level to find the fine. For the paste, the search range for finding the first hand picking position u can be set to [Wa , Wm+1], * Find the search range of the second finger touch position v can be set to [Wm-l, WbJ. In step S13G, the shed, the panel touch __ take - _ signal waveform curve W (xl , χ 2) 'where χ1 and u indicate the position where two fingers touch. An ideal combined waveform curve > (/, 7·) is generated by synthesizing two reference touch waveforms Su_Sv(7), in this case Wa ^ G Wm+1 and Wm-1 $milk. By changing the % value of the position read v, multiple ideal combined waveforms IP(U) can be obtained. By using any suitable algorithm to compare the sensed signal waveforms W(xl, χ2) and the IP(z; y) are obtained to obtain a map pair v() (for example, _ map). In step S14G, the best result is searched for in the mapping K MAP (U, v). The specific set (11, v) corresponding to the best result represents the actual finger touch position. Figure 11 is a flow chart showing the method of the present invention when using the quick search to determine the position of two finger touches 201126381. The step (10)' determines the boundary for performing the comparison operation. As described, a starting point Wa and an ending point ^ can be obtained by setting a -threshold value to the sensing signal. In addition, the midpoint Wm = (Wa+wb)/2 is available. In step (4), the obstacle is searched for the initial point (i.e., a specific set of (u, V)) and the search step I is selected. If the search step is selected as a pixel, the resolution is up to - a pixel. If the search step is soft to 1/4 昼, the resolution is up to ι/4 pixels. In this example, (u = (Wa + Wm) / 2, v = (Wm + Wb) / 2)) is selected as the starting point, and the searching step is in step S230, using, for example, the steepest gradient search method, three The fast search method such as the step search method searches for the best result from the start point of the ratio from the sense signal waveform curve W (xl, work to ideal combination waveform curve Qiu;;). The reference touch waveform scale can be obtained in various ways. For example, it can be pre-measured—touching the waveform curve, and the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ When you start using it, you can read the signal level values of these multipoints from the lookup table. The reference touch waveform secret can be generated by a mathematical formula, such as a Gaussian distribution, which is expressed as:
其中❹參考觸碰波形曲線，z•為位置（例如心絲），“為參考觸碰 波形曲線㈣中心點，4理想手指或其他物件的寬度。手錢度愈大，參 數〇愈大。 不然，參考觸魏形曲線可藉由賴收集實際手指觸碰波形曲線的統 計資料而得到或加以調整。 本發明之方法尤適祕決定麵觸碰的位置做H本發明亦可 12 201126381 應用於判定皁一觸碰的位置。第12圖係顯示一個觸碰之理想波形曲線與一 ' 個觸碰之感測信號波形。於圖中’參考觸碰·波形曲線係以圖號82表示，感 測信號波形曲線以圖號88表示。如同兩個觸碰的情況，給定信號幅度的一 個臨界值以決定一搜尋範圍。感測信號波形曲線88與該臨界值相交的兩點 對應一起始點Wa以及一結束點Wb »因此，搜尋範圍即設定為[wa，Wb]。 如上所述’搜尋範圍可微幅擴展。移動參考觸碰波形曲線Su(z·) 82，亦即變 更變數感測信號波形曲線88係與移動的參考觸碰波形曲線Su(z·) 82比對 修以找出最佳匹配》該參考觸碰波形曲線Su〇·) 82可每次移動一個畫素、1/2 晝素或1/4畫素。如果採用快速搜尋法，起始點Wa與結束點^之間的中 點Wm —般來說會是適當的搜尋初點。 可推知本發明亦可應用於判定三或更多個觸碰的位置。在此種狀況 下’應提供三或更多個參考觸魏形曲線，且在三維或更高維度的映對圖 ⑴如SAD映删）巾尋找最佳答案。如果決定了適當的搜尋範圍並選定 適當的初點，該等觸碰的觸碰位置可藉由利用諸如上述最陡梯錢尋法等 •快速搜尋法迅速找出。 圖係顯示兩個觸碰的分·況與重錄況。财上方的圖表顯示 兩個觸碰波爾92和94於_ τ·η歸開，兩_朝向彼此移 動。於時間Τ，該兩個觸碰波形曲線92和94彼此重疊，產生如所示之组合 波形曲線•何見者，__並不具有「鱗波谷波峰」的形 狀:反之，該波形曲線98為類高斯波形。細，波形曲線％之信號寬度 與偽號尚度明顯大於單一觸碰的波 波形曲線料嶋亍^ 耻，即使麵測信號 表㈣_波峰時’亦可藉由針對信號寬度與高度設定 13 201126381 適當的限值thl和th2而判斷在特定觸碰區域發生的觸碰事件是單一觸碰或 兩個觸碰。當判斷為兩個觸碰的事件時，係啟動上述的雙觸碰感測程序。 田已去在細狀態有發生兩個分開的手指觸碰時，亦可啟動雙觸碰感測程 序。 第14圖係顯示用於決定是否啟動多點觸碰感測程序之方法流程圖。於 步驟S31G ’輸人—觸麵域^於_碰區域巾，感測信號指出至少有一個 觸碰發生。於步驟咖，檢查是否滿足下贿件任何-者：⑴在先前狀 態（例如於時間T_n)有兩個分開的手指觸碰；⑵該感測信號之信號寬度 大於-信號寬度限值thl :及⑴該感測信號之信號高度大於一信號高度 限值th2。當至少滿足上述三_件之一時，則在步驟s33〇啟動上述的多 點觸碰感測程序以找出觸碰位置。於步驟議，係輸出估計_碰位置。 第Μ圖顯示用於感測不同區域之觸碰的方法。左侧顯示流程圖，右側 顯不對應程序各步驟麵。於步驟剛，輸人—感測錢。該感測信 號之波形係顯示於右側。於步驟⑽，顧、觸麵域。於本射，感測信 號才曰出有兩個觸碰區域.觸碰區域丨和觸碰區域2。於步驟S43Q，藉由第 Μ圖所示的程序確認各區域的觸碰數。舉例而言，於本射，判定在觸碰 區域i中有—個手指觸碰，而在觸顧域2中有兩個手指觸碰。於步驟 S440，實行上述之本發日月的觸碰感測方法，分別利用單一參考觸碰波形曲 線與觸碰區域1中的感測信號波形曲線做比對而對觸碰區域1，及利用兩個 參考觸碰波形鱗與觸祕域2巾的_信號波形縣做比對崎觸碰區 域乂找出觸碰位置。於步驟从5〇，輪出觸碰區域！之觸碰位置的估計 中心點以及觸碰區域2之觸雜置的估計巾心點。 201126381 雖然本發明已就較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非帛以限定本發明，本 發明所屬技術領域巾具有通常知識者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍内， ¥可作各種之更動與调飾，目此本發明之保護細當視後附之中請專利範 圍所界定者為準。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係顯示一般觸碰感測裝置之示意圖； # 帛2圖係顯示當有兩侧碰發生時，感測信號的各種波形曲線； 第3圖係顯不兩個觸碰之理想波形曲線及有兩個觸碰的感測信號波形； 第4圖係齡兩個參考觸碰波形鱗之巾心、闕抑相對位置； 第5圖係顯示兩個參考觸碰波形曲線的_ v之各種組合的細（絕 對差值總和）映對圖； 第6圖係顯示最陡梯度搜尋法用於本發明之示意圖； 第7圖係顯示三步搜尋法用於本發明之示意圖； • 第8圖係顯示四個圖表’闡示根據本發明之方法的實施範例； 第圖系顯示四個圖表，闞示根據本發明之方法的另一實施範例； 圖係顯不本發a月之方法於利用全搜尋判定兩個手指觸碰位置時的 流程圖； 系顯不本發曰月之方法於利用十夬速搜尋判定兩個手指觸碰位置時 的流程圖； 第12圖係顯示—個觸碰之理想波形曲線與-個觸碰之感測信號波形； 第13 ®係__觸碰的分開狀況與重疊狀況； 201126381 第14圖係顯示用於決定是否啟動多點觸碰感測程序之方法流程圖；及 第15圖顯示用於感測不同區域之觸碰的方法。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 觸碰感測裝置 10感測面板 12軌條 13軌條 14觸碰感測器 15觸碰位置 16觸碰感測器 17觸碰位置 18觸碰控制器 32第一波形曲線 34第二波形曲線 38感測信號波形曲線 50初點 55最小結果點 60初點 70初點 82參考觸碰波形曲線 84參考觸碰波形曲線 86理想組合波形曲線 88感測信號波形曲線 92參考觸碰波形曲線 94參考觸碰波形曲線 96理想組合波形曲線 98組合波形曲線 16Among them, the reference touch waveform, z• is the position (such as the heart), “for the reference touch waveform (4) center point, the width of 4 ideal fingers or other objects. The larger the hand money, the larger the parameter. Otherwise, the reference touch curve can be obtained or adjusted by collecting the statistics of the actual finger touch waveform curve. The method of the present invention is particularly suitable for determining the position of the touch surface. The invention can also be used 12 201126381 Determine the position of the soap touch. Figure 12 shows the ideal waveform of a touch and the waveform of the sensing signal of a touch. In the figure, the reference touch waveform is represented by the number 82. The measured signal waveform is represented by the number 88. As in the case of two touches, a critical value of the signal amplitude is given to determine a search range. The two points at which the sensing signal waveform 88 intersects the critical value correspond to a starting point. Wa and an end point Wb » Therefore, the search range is set to [wa, Wb]. As described above, the search range can be expanded slightly. The mobile reference touch waveform is Su(z·) 82, that is, the variable sense is changed. Signal wave Curve 88 is compared with the moving reference touch waveform Su(z·) 82 to find the best match. The reference touch waveform Su〇·) 82 can move one pixel at a time, 1/2 昼Or 1/4 pixel. If the fast search method is used, the midpoint Wm between the starting point Wa and the ending point ^ will generally be an appropriate search starting point. It can be inferred that the present invention can also be applied to the judgment three. More or more touching positions. In this case, 'three or more reference touch-shaped curves should be provided, and in the three-dimensional or higher-dimensional map (1) such as SAD-cut), find the best answer. If the appropriate search range is determined and the appropriate initial point is selected, the touch position of the touch can be quickly found by using the quick search method such as the steepest ladder search method described above. The figure shows two touches. The graph above and the re-recorded situation. The chart above the financial display shows that the two touches of Bohr 92 and 94 are turned back on _ τ·η, and the two _ are moving toward each other. At time Τ, the two touch waveforms 92 And 94 overlap each other to produce a combined waveform as shown. • Whatever, __ does not have a "scaling valley peak" Like: On the contrary, the waveform plot 98 for the Gaussian waveform. Fine, the signal width and the pseudo-signal of the waveform curve % are significantly larger than the single-touch wave waveform 嶋亍^ shame, even if the surface signal table (4)_peak time can also be set by the signal width and height 13 201126381 The appropriate limit values thl and th2 determine whether the touch event occurring in a particular touch area is a single touch or two touches. When it is determined that there are two touch events, the above-described double touch sensing program is activated. The field has also been able to initiate a two-touch sensing procedure when two separate finger touches occur in a fine state. Figure 14 is a flow chart showing the method for deciding whether to initiate a multi-touch test procedure. In step S31G', the input-touch area is in the area, and the sensing signal indicates that at least one touch has occurred. In the step coffee, check whether any of the bribes are satisfied: (1) there are two separate finger touches in the previous state (for example, at time T_n); (2) the signal width of the sensing signal is greater than the - signal width limit thl : and (1) The signal height of the sensing signal is greater than a signal height limit th2. When at least one of the above three pieces is satisfied, the multi-touch sensing program described above is started in step s33 to find the touch position. In the step of the discussion, the output _ bump position is output. The figure below shows a method for sensing touches in different areas. The flow chart is displayed on the left side, and the right side of the program does not correspond to each step of the program. In the first step, lose people - feel the money. The waveform of the sensing signal is shown on the right. In step (10), Gu, touch area. In the present shot, the sensing signal only has two touch areas. Touch area 丨 and touch area 2. In step S43Q, the number of touches in each area is confirmed by the program shown in the figure. For example, in the present shot, it is determined that there is a finger touch in the touch area i, and two fingers are touched in the touch area 2. In step S440, the above-described touch sensing method of the present day and the month is performed, and the touch region 1 is utilized and compared with the sensing signal waveform curve in the touch region 1 by using a single reference touch waveform curve, respectively. The two reference touches the waveform scale and the _ signal waveform county of the touch zone 2 to do the touch area. In the step from 5 〇, turn out the touch area! The estimated center point of the touch position and the estimated center point of the touch area 2 touch. The present invention has been described above with respect to the preferred embodiments, and is not intended to limit the invention, and the invention is to be construed as being limited by the scope of the invention. And the decoration, the protection of the present invention is as defined in the scope of the patent. [Simple description of the diagram] Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a general touch sensing device; # 帛2 shows the various waveforms of the sensing signal when there are two sides of the collision; The ideal waveform curve of the touch and the waveform of the sensing signal with two touches; the fourth picture shows the relationship between the two reference touch waveform scales and the relative position of the scale; the fifth figure shows the two reference touch waveforms. Fine (absolute difference sum) map of various combinations of curves _ v; Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the steepest gradient search method for the present invention; Figure 7 shows a three-step search method for the present invention Figure 8 is a diagram showing four embodiments of the method according to the present invention; the figure shows four diagrams showing another embodiment of the method according to the present invention; A month's method is a flow chart for determining the touch position of two fingers by using the full search; a method for determining the touch position of two fingers by using the ten-speed search method; Shows the ideal waveform of a touch and a Touch signal waveform; 13th ® __ separation and overlap of touch; 201126381 Figure 14 shows the flow chart for determining whether to activate the multi-touch test program; and Figure 15 shows A method for sensing touches in different areas. [Main component symbol description] 1 Touch sensing device 10 sensing panel 12 rail 13 rail 14 touch sensor 15 touch position 16 touch sensor 17 touch position 18 touch controller 32 first Waveform Curve 34 Second Waveform Curve 38 Sensing Signal Waveform Curve 50 Initial Point 55 Minimum Result Point 60 Initial Point 70 Initial Point 82 Reference Touch Waveform Curve 84 Reference Touch Waveform Curve 86 Ideal Combination Waveform Curve 88 Sensing Signal Waveform Curve 92 Reference touch waveform curve 94 reference touch waveform curve 96 ideal combination waveform curve 98 combined waveform curve 16