201043708 ，六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關於一種鎂合金之製造方法，特別是一種輕勁之 鎂合金之製造方法，其鎮合金添加有經元素。 ^ 【先前技術】 4 隨著科技的發展，現今在各種產品的設計上皆朝向質量軔、 重環保的目標邁進，因此對於產品材料的開發及特性選擇上，带 〇要作财程度的考量。其中又以合金材料的應用範圍最為廣泛， 在此以鎂合金材料為例，鎂金屬為實用性金屬中具有量輕、高制 震能、及回·優越等伽，並且可與其齡屬元素結合而形成 具有同強度重量比、以及良好的耐衝擊性與耐磨性的鎂合金材料。 另外，鎂合金材料具有吸收電磁波及吸振的特性，相較塑膠 材料於3C產品之應用有更多的優點，近年來已普細於疋產 業之產品設計，域合金之比強度（抗㈣度/密度）為目前商業 ©化結構用合金巾之最高者，可取代車輛之部分結構，減輕重量並 節省能源耗損。因此，鎂合金材料經常被使驗電子產品、航空 機具、交通車輛及運動器材的製造上。 以AZ80镁合金為例’ AZ8〇鎂合金是目前已商業化的锻造型 鎂合金’因其具有高強度與價格便宜等優點，因此國内外不論是 產業界或疋學轉皆積極從事研發A·鍛造麵合金之相關製 程與應用技術。然而’ AZ8〇鎂合金仍然存在有部分問題，例如延 展! 生不足‘致给造的困難度增加、導鮮及導電率不佳、鲜接 3 201043708 性不良、密度過高(】.81公克/每立方公分(g/cm3))，導致鎂合金質 量過重等限制。 鐘材是密度最低的金屬（鋰之密度為〇.534克/立方公分 (g/cm))，使其合金的密度相對的降低，因而是輕量化結構元件在 製作设汁時的極佳侯選材料。然而，鋰是非常活潑的元素，熔點 又低(鐘之熔點為攝氏溫度丨8〇 54度(。〇))，當受熱時極易氧化和揮 發’惟鋰合金中所添加的合金元素的溶點，相對於鐘高出甚多， 故ie成鐘合金的溶煉異常的困難。鐘合金的傳統熔煉法是採用真 空感應熔煉(Vacuum Induction Melting ’ VIM)技術，概分成順向加 料法和逆向加料法兩種技術。 鋰氧化物或鋰碳化物的比重與鋰合金湯的比重相若，並且混 合於鐘合金射’因此無法贿力法紐氧化物及㈣化物從鐘 合金湯中分離出來，並且，當氫固溶在含鐘的合金湯時將益形的 安定’故齡金湯—旦受到污染時1極難將這些污染物排除乾 淨。欲使沉入㈣底部的合金素材和炫化狀態的鐘完全炫合，唯 有靠再提升功雜高溫度和延長_—途，但此舉非但使轉發 更多，並使敍<狀態的輯又吸取更多的污染物，岭致成份 控失敗。 77 綜上所述，在習知的鐘合金熔煉技術中，真空感應炫煉技術 由於必需先將靖加熱至合金素材的轉溫度，並長時間的維持 在此-溫度以確保於稍觸加人的合金素材完全轉。由於鐘材 與合金素材之間的炼點差異極大’因此使鐘材在此高溫環境下揮 201043708 ^ 發，造成裡合金申的鐘材含量無法有效的掌控與經材的浪費。並 且，此習知技術係將合金素材直接加入於熔化狀態的鋰材中，容 易使熔化狀悲的鋰材受到合金素材表面所附著的雜質所污染，因 此存在鋰合金湯中具有污染物，進而肇致成份失控使鋰合金製作 0 失敗的問題。 ， 此外，在逆向加料法熔煉技術中，由於鋰材與合金素材之間 的比重差異極大，因此當M材加人於合金湯時，炼化後的鐘材將 〇飄狀合金湯的最上層，由独材無法受到合金湯的包覆而露出 於合金湯表面，因此使鋰材受到污染的風險程度增加。並且，由 於鐘材潘法贿至合金湯巾，餘材與合金湯之法於短時間 内完全的混合均勻，而必需拉長兩者之間·合_才能得到混 合均勻的鐘合金。 因此，習知的鐘合金熔煉技術皆無法避免因長時間過熱所衍 生的污染和成份失控等时，使整㈣程充滿魏，導致鐘合金 ❹的口口負無法有效提升。 、 【發明内容】 繁於以上的問4 ’本發明提供—種輕勁鎂合金之製造方法， 藉以改良習闕合金的延展性不足、銲接性不良、及密度過高所 導致之質量過重等問題，以及習知齡金製程中，鐘材於高溫環 境下揮發，而造雜材的浪費及製作完成之絲金中崎的= 含置無法掌控的問題’以及鐘材與合金素材炫合時，容易受到雜 質的污染’齡金中含有污染物而導致裡合金製作失敗的問題。 5 201043708 本發明所縣之輕_合金造料，魏雜包含有録 元素、紹元素、鍾元素、鋅元素、石夕元素等的合金材料置入真空 感應猶爐__，並對真空感紐煉爐進行抽真空處理。接 著對真空感應溶煉爐的_進行加熱，令合金材料溶融為合金 场，亚將合金湯倒入含有鈍氣保護並預置鋰元素的盛桶中。接著， 將含有航⑽合纽湯取賴+冷卻雜，独卿方式成 形加工，以形成鎂鋰合金材料。 本發明一實施例之鎂鋰合金材料包括有： 鎂元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的a%，84%Sa% $96.8% ;201043708, VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a method for producing a magnesium alloy, and more particularly to a method for producing a sturdy magnesium alloy in which a town alloy is added with a mesogenic element. ^ [Prior Art] 4 With the development of technology, the design of various products is now moving towards the goal of quality and environmental protection. Therefore, for the development of product materials and the selection of characteristics, it is necessary to make financial considerations. Among them, the application range of alloy materials is the most extensive. Here, magnesium alloy materials are taken as an example. Magnesium metal is a practical metal with light weight, high seismic energy, and superiority, and can be combined with its age elements. A magnesium alloy material having the same strength-to-weight ratio and good impact resistance and wear resistance is formed. In addition, the magnesium alloy material has the characteristics of absorbing electromagnetic waves and absorbing vibration. Compared with the application of plastic materials in 3C products, it has more advantages in recent years. In recent years, it has been designed in the product industry of the 疋 industry, the specific strength of the domain alloy (anti-four degrees / Density) is the highest alloy towel for commercial use in the current structure, which can replace part of the structure of the vehicle, reduce weight and save energy consumption. Therefore, magnesium alloy materials are often used in the manufacture of electronic products, aviation equipment, transportation vehicles and sports equipment. Taking AZ80 magnesium alloy as an example, 'AZ8 bismuth magnesium alloy is a commercially available forged magnesium alloy' because of its high strength and low price. Therefore, both domestic and foreign industries are actively engaged in research and development. Process and application technology for forged surface alloys. However, 'AZ8 bismuth magnesium alloy still has some problems, such as extension! Insufficient birth, resulting in increased difficulty, fresh lead and poor conductivity, fresh joint 3 201043708 bad, high density (] 81 grams / Every cubic centimeter (g/cm3) leads to limitations such as excessive mass of magnesium alloy. The bell material is the lowest density metal (the density of lithium is 534.534 g / cm ^ 3 ), which makes the density of the alloy relatively lower, so it is an excellent time for lightweight structural components in the production of juice. Material selection. However, lithium is a very active element with a low melting point (the melting point of the bell is 〇8〇54 degrees (.〇)), and it is easily oxidized and volatilized when heated. Only the alloying elements added in the lithium alloy are dissolved. The point is much higher than the clock, so it is difficult to melt the alloy. The traditional melting method of the bell alloy is based on the Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) technology, which is divided into two methods: the forward feeding method and the reverse feeding method. The specific gravity of lithium oxide or lithium carbide is similar to that of lithium alloy soup, and is mixed with the alloy of the alloy. Therefore, it is impossible to separate the oxide and the compound from the alloy, and when the hydrogen is dissolved In the alloy soup containing the bell, it will be difficult to remove these pollutants when it is contaminated. In order to make the alloy material that sinks into the bottom of (4) and the clock in the illusion state completely dazzle, only by re-increasing the high temperature and prolonging the _-way, but this move not only makes the forwarding more, but also makes the state of the state The collection draws more pollutants, and the control of the ingredients fails. 77 In summary, in the conventional alloy smelting technology, the vacuum induction smelting technique must first heat the temper to the temperature of the alloy material and maintain it at this temperature for a long time to ensure a slight touch. The alloy material is completely transferred. Because the difference between the refining point between the clock material and the alloy material is extremely large, the clock material is ignited in this high temperature environment, which causes the alloy material content of the alloy to be effectively controlled and the waste of the material. Moreover, this conventional technique directly adds the alloy material to the lithium material in a molten state, and it is easy to cause the molten lithium material to be contaminated by impurities attached to the surface of the alloy material, so that there is a contaminant in the lithium alloy soup, and further The problem that the component is out of control causes the lithium alloy to fail to produce zero. In addition, in the reverse feeding method, since the specific gravity difference between the lithium material and the alloy material is extremely large, when the M material is added to the alloy soup, the refining and beading material will be the uppermost layer of the fluttering alloy soup. Since the single material is not covered by the alloy soup and exposed on the surface of the alloy soup, the risk of contamination of the lithium material is increased. Moreover, due to the fact that Zhongcai Panfa bribed the alloy soup towel, the method of the remaining material and the alloy soup was completely mixed uniformly in a short time, and it was necessary to lengthen the mixture between the two to obtain a uniform alloy. Therefore, the conventional alloy smelting technique cannot avoid the pollution caused by prolonged overheating and the out of control of the composition, so that the whole (four) process is full of Wei, and the mouth of the alloy can not be effectively improved. [Summary of the Invention] The above-mentioned problem 4 'The present invention provides a method for producing a light-magnesium-magnesium alloy, thereby improving problems such as insufficient ductility of the alloy, poor weldability, and excessive mass due to excessive density. In the process of the gold age, the material is volatilized in a high-temperature environment, and the waste of the miscellaneous materials and the finished silk gold Nakasaki = contain problems that cannot be controlled', and the bells and alloy materials are dazzled and easily exposed to impurities. The pollution of the age of gold contains contaminants that cause the failure of the production of the inner alloy. 5 201043708 The light _ alloy material of the county of the invention, Wei miscellaneous alloy material containing recorded elements, Shao elements, clock elements, zinc elements, Shi Xi elements, etc. is placed in the vacuum induction furnace __, and the vacuum sense The furnace is vacuumed. The _ of the vacuum induction melting furnace is then heated to melt the alloy material into an alloy field, and the alloy soup is poured into a barrel containing an inert gas protection and preset lithium element. Next, it will be processed by a unique method to form a magnesium-lithium alloy material. The magnesium-lithium alloy material according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: magnesium element'% by weight of a% of the total composition of the alloy, 84% Sa% $96.8%;
在呂元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的b%，2%Sb% S 9% ； 鐘元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的c%，1%$c% $ 5.5% ； 鋅元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的d%，〇2%$d〇/〇 ^1% ； 錳元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的e%，0.001%Se % $0.3% ;以及 矽元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的f%，〇.〇〇l%^f % ^0.2% ； 其中，a% +b% +c% +d°/0 +e% +f% $100%。 本發明另一實施例之鎂鋰合金材料包括有： 201043708 鎂元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的a%，862% ====α % $93.3%; 鐘元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的b%，6%$b% χ 11% ； 、 鋅元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的c%，〇2%各略 ^1% ; I孟元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的啟，〇 〇〇1%$d Q % €0.3% ;以及 石夕元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的e%，〇 5%各吨 ^1.5% ; 其中，a% +b% +c% +d% +e% $100%。 本發明之輕勁鎂合金之製造方法，係於包含有鎂元素、 素、及矽兀素之合金湯中添加鋰元素，使得合金熔湯於凝固成錠 並擠鍛成為鎂鋰合金材料後，在降低材料密度的同時，其整體組 〇織均勻細緻，加上鋰元素與鋁元素會反應析出铭鋰相，或是鎂元 素及矽元素反應析出矽化鎂化合物，藉以提高鎂合金的剛性強度 及無甚損其延展性。 以上之關於本發明内容之說明及以下之實施方式之說明係用 以示範與解釋本發明n，·並且提供本發明之專射請範圍更 進一步之解釋。 . 【實施方式】 凊參閱「第1圖」所示之本發明一實施例的步驟流程圖。本 201043708 發明之輕勁鎂合金之製造方法，其步驟首先係將包含有鎂(Mg)元 素、鋁(A1)元素、錳(Μη)元素、鋅(Zn)元素、及矽(Si)元素等的合 金材料置入真空感應熔煉爐的坩堝内(步驟1〇〇)，上述合金材料中 的各元素係依比例配重所混合形成，其成份比例將於下描述之。 由於目前常用的AZ80的鍛造型鎂合金具有價格便宜、強度佳、及 容易回收等優點’而廣泛的被使用，因此本實施例係選用加鐘的 AZ80锻造型鎂合金做為合金材料，但並不林實施綱選用的合 金材料為限。 接著’藉由-真空幫浦(vacuum pump)對真空感應溶煉爐進行 抽真空處理(步驟110) ’令真空感應炫煉爐内部的環境壓力到達— 負壓值(約妒至10-5pa)，並對真空感應炫煉爐的掛渦進行加熱， 令合金材料雜為合金湯(步驟12〇)，接著將此—合金湯倒入含有 鈍氣保護並預置-雖i)元素的一盛桶中(步驟130)，並且搖動盛 桶，以使合金湯_元素激烈地_及混合，轉迅舰化擴散 於合金湯巾，大姆低混合時間，魏了無·⑽，而獲得高 品質的含鐘合金材料。其中，本實施例係採用崎置放於_中^ 藉由感應加熱法則、功率酿合金材料，以幫助合金材料除氣除 污’使附著於合金材料表面的污染物脫離，以避免這些污毕物在 後續步驟中_材造成污染。接著注人氩氣於感應_，並緩步 提加熱高功率，以感應加熱煉製合金材料形成合金湯。並且，藉 由在合金湯倒人於盛桶前枝將盛桶進行職的操作，以及將: 桶設置在-震動器或以電磁感應線圈等攪動裝置加_拌，以: 201043708 加鋰材與合金湯之間的混合效率。 • 其中，鐘元素的添加比例範園在！重量百分比(wt%)至5.5重 里百刀比(wt〇/〇)之間，而鐘元素的較佳添加比例約為2重量百分比 (Wt%)。由独元素的密度小、迦低，ϋ此在添純元素的製程 中，必須在賴且餘_工作環境下進行。 +請繼續相「第1圖」，接著將含有艇素的合麵湯倒入鱗 模中冷卻歧，並以擠锻方式成形加工（步驟14〇)。 〇 值得注意的是，低密度讀元素加人鎂合金巾，除了將降低 鎮口金八方緊密堆疊(hexagonaI close packed，HCP)結構之d曰曰格參 數比值，提高了晶格的對稱性，將可增加延展性，並且降低鎮合 金的讀(由原本習用AZ8〇鎖合金之密度為U1公克/每立方公分 (g/cm)下降至1.71 g/cm3)，因此本發明之鎂合金的整體質量因而 大幅降低。 並且，習用AZ80鎂合金的金相組織為α-鎂固溶體(為六方緊 ❹密堆疊結構(HCP))及第二相p_All2Mgi7(為體心立方(b〇dy_centered cubic，BCC)結構）’當添加了經元素之後，微組織中的p相分布的 更為細緻均勻，而往後的時效處理時，鋰元素與鋁元素將結合生 成鋁鋰(AlLi)相析出，藉以提高鎂鋰鋁合金材料的剛性。本發明所 生成的紹链相為金屬間化合物(inter_metallic compounds)，其銘元 素與鋰元素的重量比約為四比一，因此本發明的輕勁鎂合金材料 為Mg-8Al-2Li-lZn的鎂鐘鋁合金，其成分組成包括有： 鎂元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的a%，84%$a% $ 9 201043708 96.8% ； 銘元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的b%，2%$b% $9% ; 鋰元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的c%，丨％^^ $5 5〇/〇; 鋅元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的d% ’〇.2%Sd% $1%; 錳元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的e% , 〇.〇〇〗％ge% ^ 0.3% ;以及 矽元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的f%，〇.〇〇1%$伐$ 0.2% ； 其中，a% +b% +c% +d% +e% +f% $100%。 本發明的輕勁錤合金材料係為一種兼具了輕質、高剛性、高 強度、及高延展性的鎂合金材料。 「第2圖」所示為本發明之輕勁鎂合金進行時效處理的步驟 流程示意圖，其步驟首先係將包含有鎂(Mg)合金元素、鋁(Al)合金 元素、猛(Μη)元素、鋅(Zn)元素、及石夕⑼元素等的合金材料置入 真空感應熔煉爐的坩禍内(步驟1〇〇),上述合金材料中的各元素係 依比例配魏混合形成，其成份比娜於下描述之。本實施例係 選用加鐘的AZ80锻造型鎂合金做為合金材料，但並不以本實施例 所選用的合金材料為限。 接著，藉由一真空幫浦(vacuum pump)對真空感應熔煉爐進行 抽真空處理(步驟110)，令真空感應炫煉爐内部的環境壓力到達— 負壓值(約10 1至10·5Pa)，並對真空感應熔煉爐的坩堝進行加熱， 令合金材料祕為合金湯(步驟_，接著將此—合金湯倒入含有 201043708 鈍氣保護並預置一鋰(Li)元素的一盛桶中(步驟13〇)，並且搖動盛 桶，以使合金湯對鋰元素激烈地沖刷及混合，鋰材迅速熔化擴散 於合金湯中，大幅降低混合時間，避免了無謂的汙染，而獲得高 品質的含鋰合金材料。其中，本實施例係採用鋰塊置放於盛桶中， 藉由感應加熱法以小功率預熱合金材料，以幫助合金材料除氣除 /亏，使附著於合金材料表面的污染物脫離，以避免這些污染物在 後續步驟中對鍾材造成污染。接著注人氬氣於感應爐内，並緩步 〇提加熱高功率，以感應加熱煉製合金材料形成合金湯。並且，藉 由在合金湯倒入於盛桶前可先將盛桶進行預熱的操作，以及將盛 桶設置在-震動H或以電喊絲圈等触裝置加絲拌，以增 加鋰材與合金湯之間的混合效率。 其中，鋰元素的添加比例範圍在1重量百分比(wt°/〇)至5.5重 量百分比(wt%)之間，而鋰元素的較佳添加比例約為2重量百分比 (wt%)。由於奴素的密度小、·低，因此在添加㈣素的製程 〇 中，必須在負壓且無熔劑的工作環境下進行。 請繼續參閲「第2圖」，接著將含有鐘元素的合金麟倒入缚 模中冷卻成錠，並以擠锻方式成形加工(步驟14〇)。 值得注意的是，健度讀元素加人齡金巾，除了將降低 鎂合金六方緊密堆疊(hexagonal close_packed，Hcp)結構之★晶格參 數比值’提S 了晶格的對稱性，將可增加延展性，並且降健合 金的密度(由原本習用AZ80鎂合金之密度為181公克/每立方公分 (g/cm3)下降至1.71 g/Cm3)’因此本發明之鎮合金的整體質量因而 201043708 大幅降低。 並且，習用AZ80鎂合金的金相組織為α-鎂固溶體(為六方緊 密堆疊結構(HCP))及第二相p-Al12Mg17(為體心立方(b〇dy-centered cubic ’ BCC)結構）’當添加了鋰元素之後，微組織中的β相分布得 更為細緻均勻’而往後的時效處理時經元素與鋁元素將結合生成 鋁鋰(AlLi)相析出’藉以提高鎂鋰鋁合金材料的剛性。本發明所生 成的鋁鋰相為金屬間化合物(inter-metallic compounds)，其銘元素 與鋰元素的重量比約為四比一，因此本發明的輕勁鎂合金材料為 Mg-8Al-2Li-lZn的鎂鋰鋁合金，其成分組成包括有： 鎂元素’其重量百分比為合金總組成的a%，84%$a% $ 96.8% ； 鋁元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的b%，2°/〇gb% ^9%; 鐘元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的c%，丨％$改$5 5%; 鋅元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的鹉，〇2%$d% ^1%; 錳元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的e%，〇.〇〇1%^e% ^ 0.3% ;以及 矽元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的f%，0.001%gf% g 0.2% ； 其中 ’ a% +b% +c% 罐 +e% +f% $1〇〇〇/〇。 本發明的輕勁鎂合金材料係為一種兼具了輕質、高剛性、高 強度、及咼延展性的鎂合金材料。 麟锻形成鎂鐘銘合金材料之後，接著將鎮脑合金材料進 12 201043708 行時效處理(aging treatmentx步驟15〇)，例如為口 =，並且縣4㈣效咖，脑㈣析岐得=^更= ==度有稿，應力_低，切输合:: 以扮里來成形加:η之本發_鎂合金 Ί負m組織較習用 AZ80鎂合金的顯微組織要來得均勻細 此本發明之鎂合金的 機械物理特性定明顯優於習用的AZ8〇 一 〇In Lu element 'the weight percentage is b% of the total composition of the alloy, 2% Sb% S 9% ; the clock element '% by weight is c% of the total composition of the alloy, 1% $ c% $ 5.5%; zinc element, its The weight percentage is d% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇2%$d〇/〇^1%; the manganese element's weight percentage is the e% of the total composition of the alloy, 0.001% Se% $0.3%; and the yttrium element, the weight percentage thereof It is the f% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇.〇〇l%^f % ^0.2%; where a% + b% + c% + d° / 0 + e% + f% $100%. The magnesium-lithium alloy material according to another embodiment of the present invention includes: 201043708 magnesium element, the weight percentage of which is a% of the total composition of the alloy, 862% ====α% $93.3%; the clock element's weight percentage is the total composition of the alloy b%, 6%$b% χ 11%; , zinc element, its weight percentage is c% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇2% each slightly ^1%; I Meng element, its weight percentage is the total composition of the alloy , 〇〇〇1%$d Q % €0.3%; and Shi Xi elements, the weight percentage is the e% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇 5% per ton ^ 1.5%; wherein, a% + b% + c% + d% +e% $100%. The method for producing a light magnesium alloy according to the present invention is characterized in that a lithium element is added to an alloy soup containing magnesium element, element, and alizarin, so that the alloy melt is solidified into an ingot and extruded into a magnesium-lithium alloy material. While reducing the material density, the overall group is evenly and finely woven, and lithium and aluminum elements react to precipitate the lithium phase, or magnesium and lanthanum react to precipitate the magnesium telluride compound, thereby improving the rigidity of the magnesium alloy and No damage to its ductility. The above description of the present invention and the following description of the embodiments are provided to demonstrate and explain the invention, and to provide a further explanation of the scope of the invention. [Embodiment] 流程图 Refer to the flowchart of the steps of an embodiment of the present invention shown in "FIG. 1". The method for producing a light magnesium alloy according to the invention of 201043708, the first step of which comprises containing magnesium (Mg) element, aluminum (A1) element, manganese (Mn) element, zinc (Zn) element, and cerium (Si) element, etc. The alloy material is placed in the crucible of the vacuum induction melting furnace (step 1), and the elements in the alloy material are formed by mixing according to the proportional weight, and the composition ratio thereof will be described below. Because the commonly used AZ80 forged magnesium alloy is widely used because of its advantages of low price, good strength, and easy recycling, the present embodiment uses the AZ80 forged magnesium alloy as the alloy material. The alloy material selected for the implementation of the project is limited. Then, the vacuum induction melting furnace is vacuumed by a vacuum pump (step 110) 'The ambient pressure inside the vacuum induction smelting furnace is reached - the negative pressure value (about 10 to 10-5pa) And heating the hanging vortex of the vacuum induction smelting furnace, so that the alloy material is mixed into the alloy soup (step 12〇), and then pouring the alloy soup into a scent containing the blunt gas protection and preset-though i) In the bucket (step 130), and shake the bucket, so that the alloy soup _ elements are intensely _ and mixed, and the ship is spread over the alloy soup towel, the low mixing time of the big m, the Wei no (10), and the high quality Contains bell alloy materials. Among them, the present embodiment adopts the method of inductive heating and the power of the alloy material to help the alloy material degassing and decontaminating to remove the pollutants attached to the surface of the alloy material to avoid the fouling. The material causes contamination in the subsequent steps. Then, argon gas is injected into the induction _, and the high power is heated slowly to inductively heat the alloy material to form an alloy soup. And, by placing the alloy soup on the front of the barrel, the barrel is carried out, and the barrel is placed in a vibrator or an agitating device such as an electromagnetic induction coil is added to the mixing device to: 201043708 The mixing efficiency between alloy soups. • Among them, the addition of the clock element is in the garden! The weight percentage (wt%) is between 5.5 and a hundred knives ratio (wt 〇 / 〇), and the preferred addition ratio of the clock element is about 2 weight percent (Wt%). The density of the single element is small, and the height is low. Therefore, in the process of adding pure elements, it must be carried out in the work environment. + Please continue with "Picture 1", then pour the soup containing the vegetal into the scale and cool it, and shape it by swaging (Step 14). 〇 It is worth noting that the low-density reading element plus the magnesium alloy towel, in addition to reducing the ratio of the d-grid parameter of the hexagonal I close packed (HCP) structure, improves the symmetry of the lattice, and will Increases ductility and reduces the reading of the alloy (from the conventional AZ8 yoke alloy density of U1 gram / cubic centimeter (g / cm) down to 1.71 g / cm3), so the overall quality of the magnesium alloy of the present invention significantly reduce. Moreover, the metallographic structure of the conventional AZ80 magnesium alloy is α-magnesium solid solution (for hexagonal close packed structure (HCP)) and the second phase p_All2Mgi7 (for b〇dy_centered cubic (BCC) structure) When the elemental element is added, the p-phase distribution in the microstructure is more fine and uniform, and in the subsequent aging treatment, the lithium element and the aluminum element are combined to form an aluminum-lithium (AlLi) phase, thereby improving the magnesium-lithium alloy. The rigidity of the material. The chain phase produced by the invention is an inter_metallic compound, and the weight ratio of the element to the lithium element is about four to one. Therefore, the light magnesium alloy material of the invention is Mg-8Al-2Li-lZn. Magnesium alloy aluminum alloy, its composition includes: magnesium element, its weight percentage is a% of the total composition of the alloy, 84%$a% $ 9 201043708 96.8%; the element of 'the weight percentage is b% of the total composition of the alloy, 2%$b% $9% ; lithium element, its weight percentage is c% of the total composition of the alloy, 丨%^^ $5 5〇/〇; zinc element 'its weight percentage is d% of the total composition of the alloy '〇.2% Sd% $1%; Manganese, the weight percentage is e% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇.〇〇〗 〖%%% 0.3%; and 矽 element '% by weight is f% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇.〇〇 1%$$0.2%; where a% +b% +c% +d% +e% +f% $100%. The sturdy alloy material of the present invention is a magnesium alloy material which combines light weight, high rigidity, high strength, and high ductility. FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart showing the steps of aging treatment of the light magnesium alloy of the present invention, the first step of which is to include magnesium (Mg) alloy elements, aluminum (Al) alloy elements, and elements ( An alloy material such as zinc (Zn) element and Shi Xi (9) element is placed in a vacuum induction melting furnace (step 1), and each element in the alloy material is formed by mixing Wei, and its composition ratio is Na is described below. In this embodiment, the AZ80 forged magnesium alloy of the bell is used as the alloy material, but it is not limited to the alloy material selected in the embodiment. Next, the vacuum induction melting furnace is vacuumed by a vacuum pump (step 110), so that the ambient pressure inside the vacuum induction smelting furnace reaches a negative pressure value (about 10 1 to 10·5 Pa). And heating the crucible of the vacuum induction melting furnace to make the alloy material secret alloy soup (step _, then pouring the alloy soup into a barrel containing 201043708 blunt gas protection and presetting a lithium (Li) element (Step 13〇), and shake the barrel to make the alloy soup violently wash and mix the lithium element, the lithium material melts and diffuses rapidly in the alloy soup, greatly reduces the mixing time, avoids unnecessary pollution, and obtains high quality. Lithium-containing alloy material, wherein the embodiment adopts a lithium block placed in a barrel, and preheats the alloy material with a small power by induction heating to help the alloy material degassing/depleting, so as to adhere to the surface of the alloy material. The pollutants are detached to prevent the pollutants from polluting the clock material in the subsequent steps. Then, argon gas is injected into the induction furnace, and the high power is heated slowly to induce the alloy material to form an alloy soup. And, by pre-heating the barrel before the alloy soup is poured into the barrel, and adding the barrel to the vibration H or the wire device such as the electric wire ring to increase the lithium material The mixing efficiency with the alloy soup, wherein the lithium element is added in a ratio ranging from 1 weight percent (wt ° / 〇) to 5.5 weight percent (wt%), and the preferred addition ratio of lithium element is about 2 weight. Percentage (wt%). Since the density of nucleus is small and low, it must be carried out under a negative pressure and flux-free working environment in the process of adding (tetra). Please continue to refer to "Fig. 2", then continue The alloy lining containing the bell element is poured into a binding mold, cooled into an ingot, and formed by extrusion (step 14 〇). It is worth noting that the hardness reading element plus the ageing gold towel, in addition to reducing the magnesium alloy hexagonal close The hexagonal close-packed (Hcp) structure of the lattice parameter ratio 'sends the symmetry of the lattice, which will increase the ductility and the density of the reduced alloy (the density of the original AZ80 magnesium alloy is 181 g / per Cubic centimeters (g/cm3) drops to 1.71 g/cm3)' The overall quality of the alloy of the present invention is thus greatly reduced by 201043708. Moreover, the metallographic structure of the conventional AZ80 magnesium alloy is an α-magnesium solid solution (a hexagonal close stack structure (HCP)) and a second phase p-Al12Mg17 (for B〇dy-centered cubic 'BCC structure') When the lithium element is added, the β phase distribution in the microstructure is more fine and uniform, and the aging treatment combines the element with the aluminum element. The formation of aluminum lithium (AlLi) phase precipitates 'to increase the rigidity of the magnesium-lithium aluminum alloy material. The aluminum-lithium phase produced by the present invention is an inter-metallic compound, and the weight ratio of the element to the lithium element is about four. Therefore, the light magnesium alloy material of the present invention is a magnesium-alloy aluminum alloy of Mg-8Al-2Li-lZn, and its composition includes: magnesium element's weight percentage is a% of the total composition of the alloy, 84%$a % $ 96.8% ; aluminum element, the weight percentage is b% of the total composition of the alloy, 2 ° / 〇 gb% ^ 9%; clock element, its weight percentage is c% of the total composition of the alloy, 丨%$ changed to $ 5 5% ; zinc element, its weight percentage is the total composition of the alloy, 〇 2% $ d% ^ 1%; manganese The element, the weight percentage thereof is e% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇.〇〇1%^e% ^ 0.3%; and the yttrium element, the weight percentage thereof is f% of the total composition of the alloy, 0.001% gf% g 0.2%; ' a% +b% +c% can +e% +f% $1〇〇〇/〇. The light-magnesium alloy material of the present invention is a magnesium alloy material which combines light weight, high rigidity, high strength, and ductility. After the formation of the magnesium alloy, the alloy is then aging treatment (aging treatmentx step 15〇), for example, mouth =, and county 4 (four) effect coffee, brain (four) analysis = ^ more = == degree has draft, stress _ low, cut in and out:: in the shape of the dressing plus: η of the hair _ magnesium alloy Ί negative m tissue than the conventional AZ80 magnesium alloy microstructure to be evenly fine this invention The mechanical and physical properties of magnesium alloys are clearly superior to the conventional AZ8
以下將糊伽齡金與本發明之鎂合金進行各項材料 試驗的分析，並配合各賴驗_試#_行說明。 第3A圖」及「第3B圖」分別為本發明之鎮合金盘習用 趣鎂合金進行拉伸試驗之測試曲線圖。首先說明圖式中的曲線 (A)為室溫(_以5峨細愼驗的峨鱗；曲糊為加 熱至攝氏i(K)歧行㈣試驗_刚線；曲線(c)為加熱至攝氏 ⑼度進行㈣試驗_試轉；曲_為加熱輯氏度進 行拉伸試驗的測試曲線；曲線⑹為加熱至攝氏25〇度進行拉伸試 驗的測試曲線。 如第3A圖」及「第3B圖」所示，本發明之鎂鐘銘合金不 論是在室溫T或是加熱至—定溫下進行試驗，其㈣應力與習用 ΑΖδΟ^ &盈相差無幾(小於3〇/〇)，但本發明之鎮姆呂合金的延拿刃性 (即單位長度的伸長量)明顯優於習用AZ80鎂合金，將之匯整如「第 4圖」’圖式中的曲線⑷及(D)為習用AZ8〇鎮合金的的測試曲線， 曲線⑻及(C)為本㈣之鎂合麵測試西線。 13 201043708 「第5圖」為本發明之鎂合金與習用AZ8〇鎂合金進行衝擊 試驗之測試曲線圖，圖式中的曲線(A)為習用AZ8〇鎂合金的的測 試曲線’曲線(B)為本發明之鎂合金的測試曲線。由圖式中可得知， 本發明之鎂合金在不同的測試溫度進行衝擊試驗，其衝擊能量皆 明顯咼於習用AZ80鎂合金’表示本發明之鎂合金的耐衝擊韌性優 於習用AZ80鎂合金’特別在高溫環境中，其耐衝擊韌性的優劣更 為顯著。 「第6A圖」及「第6B圖」分別為習用LZ91鎂合金與本發 明之添加有裡元素及石夕元素之鎂合金的X光繞射(X_ray diffraction，XRD)示意圖。本實施例的鎂合金成份組成包括有： 鎮元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的a%，86.2%$a% $ 93.3% ； 鐘元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的b%，6%‘b% $11%; 鋅元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的c%，〇.2%Sc% $1%; 錳元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的d%，〇.〇〇l%Sci% $ 0.3% ;以及 石夕元素，其重量百分比為合金總組成的e% ’ $ 1.5%; 其中，a% +b% +d% +e% $100%。 上述的元素成分比例構成本發明之LZS911鎂鋰矽合金’且本 實施例之鋰元素的較佳添加比例約為9重量百分比(加％)。 由「第6A圖」及「第6B圖」可清楚看出，本實施例的LZS911 14 201043708 鎂链矽合金確實析出有矽化鎂(MgAi)化合物，而矽化鎂可有效提 高鎂合金的降伏強度(yield strength)至95百萬帕(MPa)，抗拉強度 (tensile strength)約為150百萬帕(MPa)，較習用LZ91鎂合金的降伏 強度及抗拉強度更高（習用LZ91鎂合金之降伏強度約為9〇MPa，抗 拉強度約為130MPa)，因此本發明之鎂合金的機械特性確實較習用 鎂合金更為提升。 本實施例的LZS911鎂鋰矽合金的製造方法與前一實施例之鎂 Ο 鐘鋁合金材料的製造方法相同，故不在此贅述。 本發明所揭露之輕勁鎂合金之製造方法，係於包含有鎂元 素、鋁元素、及矽元素之合金材料中添加鋰元素，於擠鍛等熱成 形時，鐘元素油元素反應析丨脑相，或是鎂元纽梦元素反 應析出秒化概合物，藉以提高鎂合金_性強度及無甚損其延 展性，同時降健合金的密度，以減輕鎂合金的質量，滿足目前 鎂合金必須輕質且兼具剛性與延展性的要求。In the following, the analysis of each material test of the paste gold and the magnesium alloy of the present invention will be carried out, and the description will be made in conjunction with the respective test. Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B are respectively test curves of the tensile test of the alloy magnesium alloy used in the present invention. First, the curve (A) in the drawing is room temperature (_ 峨 scale with 5 峨 fine test; the paste is heated to Celsius i (K) 行 (4) test _ straight line; curve (c) is heated to Celsius (9) degrees (4) test _ test rotation; curve _ is the test curve of the tensile test for heating the degree of compression; curve (6) is the test curve for the tensile test after heating to 25 degrees Celsius. As shown in Figure 3A and As shown in Fig. 3B, the magnesium alloy of the present invention is tested at room temperature T or heated to a constant temperature, and the stress is inferior to that of conventional ΑΖδΟ^ & However, the extended edge property (i.e., the elongation per unit length) of the Zhenlu alloy of the present invention is significantly superior to the conventional AZ80 magnesium alloy, and is summarized as the curves (4) and (D) in the "Fig. 4" diagram. For the test curve of the conventional AZ8 bismuth alloy, the curves (8) and (C) are the west line of the magnesium joint test of (4). 13 201043708 "5th picture" is the impact test of the magnesium alloy of the present invention and the conventional AZ8 bismuth magnesium alloy. Test curve, the curve (A) in the drawing is the test curve 'B curve (B) of the conventional AZ8 bismuth magnesium alloy is the magnesium alloy of the present invention Test curve. It can be seen from the figure that the magnesium alloy of the present invention performs impact test at different test temperatures, and the impact energy thereof is obviously inferior to the conventional AZ80 magnesium alloy, indicating that the impact resistance of the magnesium alloy of the present invention is superior to the conventional one. AZ80 magnesium alloy's impact resistance to toughness is particularly remarkable in high temperature environments. "Fig. 6A" and "6B" are the conventional LZ91 magnesium alloy and the addition of the inner element and the stone element of the present invention. Schematic diagram of X-ray diffraction (XRD) of the magnesium alloy. The composition of the magnesium alloy of this embodiment includes: a town element, the weight percentage of which is a% of the total composition of the alloy, 86.2%$a% $93.3%; Element, the weight percentage is b% of the total composition of the alloy, 6% 'b% $11%; zinc element, the weight percentage is c% of the total composition of the alloy, 〇.2% Sc% $1%; manganese element, its weight percentage Is the total composition of the alloy d%, 〇.〇〇l%Sci% $ 0.3%; and the stone element, its weight percentage is the total composition of the alloy e% ' $ 1.5%; where, a% + b% + d% +e% $100%. The above elemental composition ratio constitutes the LZS911 magnesium lithium bismuth alloy of the present invention. Moreover, the preferred addition ratio of the lithium element in the present embodiment is about 9 weight percent (plus %). It can be clearly seen from "Fig. 6A" and "Fig. 6B" that the LZS911 14 201043708 magnesium chain niobium alloy of the present embodiment Magnesium telluride (MgAi) compounds are precipitated, and magnesium halide can effectively increase the yield strength of magnesium alloys to 95 MPa and tensile strength of about 150 MPa. Compared with the conventional LZ91 magnesium alloy, the drop strength and tensile strength are higher (the conventional LZ91 magnesium alloy has a relief strength of about 9 MPa and a tensile strength of about 130 MPa), so the mechanical properties of the magnesium alloy of the present invention are indeed better than conventional magnesium. The alloy is even better. The method for producing the LZS911 magnesium lithium niobium alloy of the present embodiment is the same as the method for producing the magnesium niobium alloy material of the previous embodiment, and therefore will not be described herein. The method for producing a light magnesium alloy according to the present invention is to add lithium element to an alloy material containing magnesium element, aluminum element, and lanthanum element, and to react with the elemental element during hot forming such as extrusion forging Phase, or magnesium element New Dream element reaction precipitation second synthesis, in order to improve the magnesium alloy _ strength and no damage to its ductility, while reducing the density of the alloy to reduce the quality of magnesium alloy, meet the current magnesium alloy Must be lightweight and have both rigid and malleable requirements.
Q 雖然本發明之實施例揭露如上所述，然並非用以限定本發 明，任何熟習相關技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍内，舉 凡依本發日种請範騎叙職、構造、·及精神當可做些許 =更因此本發明之專利倾範關視本書觸之申請專 利範圍所界定者為準。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖為本發明-實施例之步驟流程示意圖； 第2 0為本發明之輕勁鎂合金進行時效處理之步驟流程示意圖； 15 201043708 第3A圖為習用AZ80鎖合金進行拉伸試驗之測試曲線圖，· 第3B圖為本發明之鎂合金進行拉伸試驗之測試曲線圖； 第4圖為本發明之齡金與f用AZ嶋纟金進行強度試驗與延展 試驗之測試曲線圖； 第5圖為本發明之鎖合金與習用AZ8〇鎂合金進行衝擊試驗之測試 曲線圖； >第6八圖為習用㈣鎂合金之乂光繞射示意圖；以及 第紐圖為本發明之添加有鐘元素及梦元素之鎂合金之X光繞射 示意圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 步驟100 將包含有鎂元素及鋁元素之合金材料置入真空 感應熔煉爐的坩堝内 步驟110 步驟120 步驟140 步驟150 對真空感應熔煉爐進行抽真空處理 對真空感應熔煉爐的坩堝進行加熱，令合金材 料熔融為合金湯 將合金湯倒入含有鈍氣保護並預置鋰元素的盛 桶中 將含有鋰元素之合金熔湯倒入鑄模中冷卻成 錠，並以擠鍛方式成形加工 對鎂裡铭合金材料進行時效處理 16Although the embodiments of the present invention are disclosed above, it is not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to defer and construct according to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The spirit of the invention may be made a little more. Therefore, the patents of the present invention are subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart showing the steps of the present invention - an embodiment; Fig. 20 is a schematic flow chart showing the steps of aging treatment of the light magnesium alloy of the present invention; 15 201043708 Fig. 3A is a conventional AZ80 lock alloy Test curve of tensile test, · Figure 3B is a test curve of the tensile test of the magnesium alloy of the present invention; Figure 4 is the strength test and extension test of the age of gold and f with AZ sheet metal of the invention Test curve diagram; Fig. 5 is a test curve of the impact test of the lock alloy of the present invention and the conventional AZ8 bismuth magnesium alloy; > Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the dioptric diffraction of the conventional (IV) magnesium alloy; A schematic diagram of X-ray diffraction of a magnesium alloy to which a clock element and a dream element are added according to the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] Step 100: Inserting an alloy material containing magnesium and aluminum into the crucible of the vacuum induction melting furnace. Step 110 Step 120 Step 140 Step 150 Vacuuming the vacuum induction melting furnace to the vacuum induction melting furnace The crucible is heated to melt the alloy material into an alloy soup. The alloy soup is poured into a barrel containing a blunt gas protection and preset lithium element. The alloy molten material containing lithium element is poured into a mold to be cooled into an ingot, and is extruded. Forming processing for aging treatment of Magnesium alloy materials 16