TW201039917A - Magnetic catalyst and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents
Magnetic catalyst and method for manufacturing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201039917A TW201039917A TW098115299A TW98115299A TW201039917A TW 201039917 A TW201039917 A TW 201039917A TW 098115299 A TW098115299 A TW 098115299A TW 98115299 A TW98115299 A TW 98115299A TW 201039917 A TW201039917 A TW 201039917A
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- Prior art keywords
- metal
- carrier
- magnetic
- catalyst
- magnetic catalyst
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002078 nanoshell Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003729 cation exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 7
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 austra Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003223 protective agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethylguanidine Chemical compound CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100219382 Caenorhabditis elegans cah-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010068370 Glutens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910010084 LiAlH4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012448 Lithium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003203 NH3BH3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020828 NaAlH4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930192627 Naphthoquinone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910002666 PdCl2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000736285 Sphagnum Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DUYOVNNITOIMCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nb].[Ni].[Y] Chemical compound [Nb].[Ni].[Y] DUYOVNNITOIMCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001429 cobalt ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910012375 magnesium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 1
- AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L tin(II) chloride (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Sn+2] AXZWODMDQAVCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/33—Electric or magnetic properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/8906—Iron and noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/89—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with noble metals
- B01J23/892—Nickel and noble metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/08—Ion-exchange resins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/396—Distribution of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/397—Egg shell like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/16—Reducing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y25/00—Nanomagnetism, e.g. magnetoimpedance, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance or tunneling magnetoresistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/06—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents
- C01B3/065—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents from a hydride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/821—Ruthenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/84—Metals of the iron group
- B01J2531/845—Cobalt
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
- H01M8/04216—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes characterised by the choice for a specific material, e.g. carbon, hydride, absorbent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Description
201039917 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 更特別關於具有磁性之放氫 本發明係關於放氫觸媒 觸媒,其製備方式與應用。 【先前技術】
Ο ^綠色=的發展過程中,化學氫化物放氫為主要的 二所使用的觸媒,大致上可分為貴金屬系 1.二 鈀(Pd)、綱等,以及非貴金屬系列, 因二太鐵(Fe)、鈷(Co)、鎳(Ni)等。就貴金屬而言, =又“成本⑽财此較q達到大量製造的目 的,如果可以利用特有的方法,將使用過之觸媒統一方便 =收’便可以重新利用而降低操作成本。目前市面上並益 商,化之氫化物放氫觸媒’雖然在學術發表已經有不少製 備貝,屬觸媒的方法’甚至可搭配燃料電池應用在小型電 子產品。但若要應用至市場’觸媒的高成本及不易回收 是主要瓶頸。 在美國專利公開號us2006/0292067中,使用鎳作為 觸媒載體,並將多種金屬成長於賴上,製備出多金屬複 合型觸媒。使用的金屬包括鈷、釕、鋅、銦、錳、鈦、錫、 鉻等。在具體製備方法上,採用燒結過之錄粉以及麗縮過 =錄纖維(比例為50:50)之複合材料(5〇克),剪裁成〇 25 央吋X 0.25英忖的正方片。配置溶有6·31克的c〇ci2 . 6H2〇^以及1.431克的RuC13 . H2〇之水溶液約3〇毫升。 將裁另過後之鎳正方片浸入上述金屬鹽溶液,加熱至7〇。 C後充分混合。過程中水分會逐漸蒸發逸散,待水分完全 3 201039917 蒸乾時,鎳載體上已沉積了不同比例之Cock · 以 f RuC!3 ·私0。將上述表面沉積有金屬鹽之鎳载』 尚溫爐中進行24(TC的鍛燒,同時在常壓下通2〇 f鐘的氫氣持續三小時以還原金屬離子,便成功製備 ^.2二t/〇釕金屬以及3 wi%鈷金屬之複合觸媒,並可應 ,氫化鈉水溶液的放氫反應。由觸媒活性測試可知, 利用高溫鍛燒製備出之雙金屬複合觸媒,在3〇沱' =3 wt%氯氧化納之2〇 wt%删氯化鋼 ο 約!7毫升/分.克。若將複合金屬觸媒以固S 产疋將200 ¾升之20wi%硼氫化鈉溶液(内含3对% 流速通過_床進行放氫反應: Γ9二rig的壓力下持續六或八個小時,其轉化率可 ^ 由#間變化對於溫度改變的趨勢可以發現,壓 = = = :統f動的時間,此複合金屬觸媒對於爛 的還原所需的言、、.' 的優點。然而锻燒進行金屬 磁性'。、n、、主要缺點’且其製備之話觸媒不具傷 Ο 過促華,利公告號:〇79936,名稱為『經 進行的程序』。此應肖卩及在其存在時所 濃度= t 含浸法,將塗佈有重量百分 為10〜1000心-/ ,者銘金屬氧化物的载體,内表面積 水)溶液各m如活性氧化铭含浸於三氯偏了(含結晶 的高严田,中亚將該種觸媒中間體乾燥,於200〜30(rc 需求^牛氣將自化舒還原成㈣金屬,然後依照 屬,使用^脫中將錄/銘的氧化物還原成為錄/銘金 、1 α或氫化反應當中。除了有前案需要高 4 201039917 溫之缺點,使用之氧化鋁載體在高鹼性下也會有易崩解的 缺點。 本案發明人為改善習知技術中高溫鍛燒的缺點,於曰 前申請台灣專利申請號第96150963。在該申請案中,已 利用離子交換技術於室温下將奈米級釕金屬放氫觸媒成 長於高分子載體之表面上。不過此案之釕金屬觸媒仍不具 備磁性。 綜上所述,目前亟需製備新穎之放氫觸媒以改善回收 不易的問題。 〇 【發明内容】 本發明提供一種磁性觸媒,包括載體;以及第一金屬 奈米殼層,包覆載體之表面;其中第一金屬奈米殼層係 鐵、姑、或鎳。 本發明提供一種磁性觸媒,包括載體;第一金屬奈米 殼層,包覆載體之表面;以及第二金屬奈米殼層,包覆第 一金屬奈米殼層之表面;其中第一與第二金屬奈米殼層之 Q 組成不同,且兩者中至少一者係鐵、銘、或鎖:。 本發明提供一種磁性觸媒之形成方法,包括提供載 體;以及形成第一金屬奈米殼層包覆載體之表面;其中第 一金屬奈米殼層係鐵、钻、或鎳。 本發明提供一種磁性觸媒之形成方法,包括提供載 體;形成第一金屬奈米殼層包覆載體之表面;以及形成第 二金屬奈米殼層包覆第一金屬奈米殼層之表面;其中第一 與第二金屬奈米殼層之組成不同,且兩者中至少一者係 鐵、钻、或鎳。 5 201039917 f實施方式】 =採用化學還原法及/或無電鍍法形成 声 或夕s不米金屬殼層之磁性觸媒。首先, 二 換樹脂作為載體,其表面 _除離子父 ⑽只之官能基。在本發明: = 严或弱酸型如 為月球狀,其粒㈣介於跑 交換樹脂可為市售之氫型樹= ο 議=°; Γ:νβΓ™^ 一實施例中,)。在本發明另 沖、七甘ο 換树脂可為其他構形如柱狀、板 狀)广、@見之觸媒態樣(比如内部充滿孔洞之沸石 ❹ 離子交換樹脂加入金屬鹽溶液,攪拌 τ宫能基將螯合金屬離子。金屬鹽含有 ㈣了入:録:金屬離子,其特徵為還原後之原子態具有 之-到i:立鹽:液之濃度視樹酯添加克數,為理論螯合量 ^⑴口’低於上述範圍則會有離子聲合量不足之現 螯合之1屬㈣合有金屬離子之樹脂,去除未 散性子。此步驟可提高金屬離子於樹脂表面之分 將上述清洗後之樹脂置入還 態之金屬。如此-V,將形成鐵= 表面,完成本發明所謂的磁 化钾、二甲胺基甲戦劑包括石朋氯化納、職 酸鹽、—:以檸::鈉甲"酸, 6 201039917 除了上述陽離子交換樹脂外,本發明還可應用金屬如 不錄鋼網、鎳網、或黃銅片,或具有活化表面之非金屬如 二氧化矽、奈米碳管、或高分子作為磁性觸媒之載體。可 利用SnCl2及PdCl2等溶液活化非金屬之表面,亦可採用 電漿活化的方式。金屬與非金屬之形狀與尺寸的考量同前 述之陽離子交換樹脂。接著配置無電鍍液如下。首先將 鐵、鈷、或鎳等金屬鹽類、檸檬酸鈉、及馬來酸溶解後, 以氫氧化鈉將上述溶液之pH值調至9.5後加熱至80°C。 最後加入少量前述之還原劑即完成無電鍍液。將金屬或具 〇 有活化表面之非金屬載體加入上述之無電鍍液反應後即 可形成單層之磁性觸媒,其奈米金屬殼層之厚度可由反應 時間長短控制。 除了上述單層結構之磁性觸媒,本發明可進一步應用 無電鍍法形成雙層甚至是多層之磁性觸媒。 首先,提供前述之陽離子交換樹脂、金屬、或非金屬 作為載體。接著以前述之化學還原法或無電鍍法形成銅、 鐵、钻、錄、釘、纪、或翻之奈米金屬殼層包覆載體表面。 Q 之後配置無電鍍液如下。首先將金屬鹽如銅、鐵、銘、 鎳、釕、鈀、或鉑等金屬離子、檸檬酸鈉、及馬來酸溶解 後,以氫氧化納將上述溶液之pH值調至9.5後加熱至 80°C。最後加入少量聯胺溶液作為還原劑即完成無電鐘 液。 將表面包覆奈米金屬殼層之載體加入上述無電鍍 液,反應後將形成另一奈米金屬殼層包覆原有之奈米金屬 殼層。將上述磁性觸媒取出,清洗表面殘留溶劑並於室温 下乾燥即完成具有雙層奈米金屬殼層之磁性觸媒。在這必 201039917 需說明的是,為了使具有雙層之奈米金屬殼層之觸媒具有 磁性,内層及外層之奈米金屬殼層兩者中必有一者為鐵、 钻、或錄等磁性金屬。雙層奈米金屬殼層可同時兼具兩種 金屬觸媒的好處。舉例來說,舒金屬是目前已知最有效的 放氫觸媒,但是不具有磁性。另一方面,鐵、鈷、及鎳金 屬具有磁性,但其放氫速率緩慢。若採用本發明的方法, 形成奈米録金屬内殼層及奈米釕金屬外殼層之磁性觸 媒,則可兼具快速放氫及磁性的雙重優點。在本發明另一 實施例中,磁性觸媒具有奈米舒金屬内殼層及奈米錄金屬 ❹ 外殼層,且外殼層之鎳金屬僅部份包覆而非完全包覆内殼 層之釕金屬以避免降低釕金屬之催化效率。 除了上述之雙層奈米金屬殼層之磁性觸媒外,本發明 可進一步重複上述之無電鑛反應以形成三層(如釕-鎳-釕)、四層、或更多層奈米金屬殼層之磁性觸媒。雖然在 實驗上是可行的,但在内層金屬殼層被外層金屬殼層覆蓋 的部份即失去催化活性的情況下,層數較佳小於五層。 上述磁性觸媒可應用於供氫裝置。供氫裝置含有穩定 ❹ 之驗性氫化物水溶液,在加入本發明之磁性觸媒後將產生 氫氣。本發明之氫化物水溶液包含LiAlH4、NaAlH4、 Mg(AlH4)2、Ca(AlH4)2、LiBH4、NaBH4、KBH4、Be(BH4)2、 Mg(BH4)2、Ca(BH4)2、LiH、NaH、MgH2、或 CaH2。在本 發明一實施例中,氫化物為NaBH4、KBH4、或NH3BH3 等較溫合之氫化物。至於其他反應較劇烈之氫化物係用以 辅助增加初期之放氫速率,並非用以長期穩定放氫之用。 上述供氫裝置可進一步連結至燃料電池或其他需要 氫氣之裝置。在使用後,可採用磁鐵將磁性觸媒回收。在 8 201039917 簡單的清洗磁性觸媒表面沉積之鹽類(來自氫化物)後,即 可再次使用。 為了讓本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵、和優點能更 明顯易懂,下文特舉數實施例配合所附圖示,作詳細說明 如下: 【實施例】 實施例1 取30 g之陽離子交換樹脂(購自Supelco Chemical Co 之 IR-120)置入 0.25 L 之氯化鈷(CoC12.6H20,8.992 g/dL) 〇 溶液,於室溫下以60rpm攪拌溶液使樹脂表面之酸性官能 基螯合鈷離子。接著以去離子水洗去樹脂表面殘留之未螯 合離子,再將樹脂置入NaBH4(ac0還原螯合之銘離子以形 成奈米鈷金屬殼層於樹脂表面。將樹脂取出後以去離子水 清洗並於室溫下自然乾燥,由SEM及XPS可証明本發明 之磁性觸媒具有單層之奈罘鈷金屬殼層結構。 上述磁性觸媒之磁性測試如第1圖所示,証明其具有 磁性。而由第2圖可得知觸媒表面之钻金屬螯合量約為 ❹ 30%。將上述磁性觸媒置於1.32 N之NaBH4(ac〇中會進行 放氫反應,於不同溫度下的放氫速率如第3圖所示。在不 對系統進行溫度控制時,其放氫速率與時間之關係圖如第 4圖所示。
待放氫反應完成後,可用磁鐵回收磁性觸媒。以去離 子水清洗磁性觸媒後,可重複上述放氫反應。如第5A-5D 圖所示,第一次放氫反應(第5A圖)、經一次回收後的第 二次放氳反應(第5B圖)、經兩次回收後的第三次放氫反 應(第5C圖)、及經三次回收後的第四次放氫反應(第5D 9 201039917 圖)中,均具有類似之放氳速率。如第6A-6D圖所示,第 一次放氫反應(第6A圖)、經一次回收後的第二次放氫反 應(第6B圖)、經兩次回收後的第三次放氫反應(第6C 圖)、及經三次回收後的第四次放氳反應(第6D圖)中,在 2000秒前均可達到接近100%之放氫量。 實施例2 取25g之陽離子交換樹脂(購自Dow Chemicals之 50WX8)置入 0.25L 之氯化釕(RuC13*xH20,2g/dL)溶液, 於室溫下以60rpm授拌溶液使樹脂表面之酸性官能基螯 〇 合釕離子。接著以去離子水洗去樹脂表面殘留之未螯合離 子,再將樹脂置入NaBH4(aq)還原螯合之舒離子以形成奈 米釕金屬殼層於樹脂表面。將樹脂取出後以去離子水清洗 並於室溫下自然乾燥,由SEM及XPS可証明本發明之磁 性觸媒具有單層之奈米舒金屬殼層結構。 接著秤取2.62g/dL之氯化鎳(NiCl2.H20)、4g/dL之檸 檬酸鈉(Na3C6H507,2H20)作為錯合劑、及0.8g/dL之馬來 酸(Maleic acid)作為保護劑,於室溫下加水溶解形成0.1 L ❹ 之溶液。接著以NaOH(叫或整上述溶液之pH值 至8.5-9.5,加熱至80°C後加入2.5mL/dL之聯胺(Ν2Η4· Η20)作為還原劑,即完成所謂的無電鍍液。 將具有單層奈米舒金屬殼層之磁性觸媒加入上述之 無電鍍液反應60分鐘,即形成奈米錄金屬殼層於釕金屬 殼層上。將樹脂取出後以去離子水清洗並於室溫下自然乾 燥,由SEM及XPS可証明本發明之磁性觸媒具有雙層之 奈米钉-鎳金屬殼層結構。 接著秤取2.62g/dL之氯化釕(RuC13 ·Η20)、4g/dL之檸 檬酸鈉(Na3C6H507.2H20)作為錯合劑、及0.8g/dL之馬來 10 201039917 酸(Maleic acid)作為保護劑,於室溫下加水溶解形成l 之/谷液。接著以NaOH^o或NH3(aq)調整上述溶液之pH值 至8.5〜9.5,加熱至80。(:後加入2.511117此之聯胺(]^2114· 氏0)作為還原劑’即完成所謂的無電鑛液。 將具有雙層奈米釕-鎳金屬殼層之磁性觸媒加入上述 之無電鍍液反應60分鐘,即形成奈米釕金屬殼層於鎳金 屬,層上。將樹脂取出後以去離子水清洗並於室溫下自然 乾餘,由SEM及XPS可証明本發明之磁性觸媒具有三戶 之奈米釕-鎳-釕金屬殼層結構。 〇 、上述磁性觸媒之磁性測試如第7圖所示’証明其具有 磁性。將上述磁性觸媒置於^伙至25加%之 中均會進行穩定的放氫反應,如第8圖所示。 待放氫反應完成後,可用磁鐵回收磁性觸媒。以去離 子水清洗磁性觸媒後,可重複上述放氫反應◦如第9a_9d Θ所示,第一次放氫反應(第9 A圖)、經一次回收後的第 一放氫反應(第9B圖)、經兩次回收後的第三次放氫反 應(第9C目)、及經三次回收後的第四次放氯反應(第阳 〇 f)中,均具有類似之放氫速率。如第10A-10D圖所示, 第放氫反應(第10 A圖)、經—次回收後的第二次放氫 反應(第1_0B圖)、經兩次回收後的第三次放氫反應(第^ 圖)及經二次回收後的第四次放氳反應(第丨〇D圖)中, 在2000秒前均可達到接近ι〇〇%之放氫量。 雖然本發明已以數個較佳實施例揭露如上,然其並非 f以限定本發明’任何熟習此技藝者,在不脫離本發明之 精,=範圍内,當可作任意之更動與潤飾,因此本發明之 保遽範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 11 201039917 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖係本發明一實施例中,磁性觸媒之磁性測試; 第2圖係本發明一實施例中,磁性觸媒表面表示鈷金 屬螯合量之熱重分析圖; 第3圖係本發明一實施例中,磁性觸媒於NaBH4(邮之 放氫速率與溫度之關係圖; 第4圖係本發明一實施例中,磁性觸媒於NaBH4(ac〇之 放氫速率與放氫時間之關係圖;
第5A-5D圖係本發明一實施例中,多次回收之磁性觸 媒於NaBH4(aq)2放氫速率與時間之關係圖; 第6A-6D圖係本發明一實施例中,多次回收之磁性觸 媒於NaBH4⑽之放氳量與時間之關係圖; 第7圖係本發明一實施例中,磁性觸媒之磁性測試; 第8圖係本發明一實施例中,磁性觸媒於不同濃度之 NaBH4(ac〇的放氫速率與時間之關係圖; 第9A-9D圖係本發明一實施例中,多次回收之磁性觸 媒於NaBH4(aq)之放氫速率與時間之關係圖;以及 第10A-10D圖係本發明一實施例中,多次回收之磁性 觸媒於NaBH4(ac〇之放氫量與時間之關係圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 益〇 12
Claims (1)
- 201039917 七'申請專利範圍: 1. 一種磁性觸媒,包括: 一载體;以及 -第-金屬奈米殼層,包覆該載體之表面. 其令該第-金屬奈米殼層係鐵、#、或, 2·如申請專利範圍第!項所述之磁性拔。 體包括強酸型或弱酸剞之陪離工丄μ f媒’其中該載 活化之非金^ _子乂換樹腊、金屬、或表面 Ο Ο 3.如申請專利範圍第丨項 -供氫襞置。 《難觸媒’係應用於 4^+請補_第3韻叙雜 , 氫裝置連接至一燃料電池。 、,、中忒L 5.—種磁性觸媒,包括: 一载體; -金屬奈末殼層,包覆該载體之表面 罘二金屬奈米殼層,包覆該第一 其中兮笛 u性 ., /蜀不木%又層, 苐二奈米金屬殼層之組成不同,且rh去 中至少一者係鐵、鈷、或鎳。 J且兩者 〜6括H請專利範圍第5項所述之磁性觸媒,盆中今載 胆匕括強酉夂型或弱酸型之陽離子交換樹脂、金屬% ^载 活化之非金屬。 孟屬、或表面 7蒙如申J旁專利範圍第5項所述之磁性 广二金屬奈米殼層包括銅、鐵mU 一供第5項所述之磁性觸媒,係應用於 9.如申請專利範圍第8項所述之磁性觸媒,其中該供 13 201039917 氳裝置連接至一燃料電池。 10.—種磁性觸媒之形成方法,包括: 提供一载體;以及 形成一第一金屬奈米殼層包覆該載體之表面; 其中該第一金屬奈米殼層係鐵、鈷、或鎳。 冰,1^申料利範圍第1G項所述之魏觸媒之形成方 '/、忒载體包括強酸型或弱酸型之陽離子、 金屬、或表面活化之非金屬。 ^又讀月曰 Ο 〇 =口申請專利範圍第u項所述之磁性觸媒之形成方 ',、中該載體係該強酸型或弱酸型之陽離子交, 且形成該第-金屬奈米殼層於該載體之表面一 化學還原法。 *即町步驟係一 * 如中請專利範圍第u項所述之磁性觸媒之形成方 二=該载體係金屬或表面活化之非金屬,且形成該第 至蜀不米殼層於該載體之表面的步驟係一無電鍍法。 14.—種磁性觸媒之形成方法,包括: 一 提供一載體; ^成:第一金屬奈米殼層包覆該載體之表面;以及 之表^成—第二金屬奈米殼層包覆該第—金屬奈米殼層 中至:中i第一與第二金屬奈米殼層之組成不同,且兩者 者係鐵、鈷、或鎳。 法,i5巾如申+請專利範圍第14項所述之磁性觸媒之形成方 弟一及第二金屬奈米殼層包括銅、鐵、鈷、鋅、 釕、鈀、或翻。 ^ 16石 1 ,σ申請專利範圍第14項所述之磁性觸媒之形成方 14 201039917 法,其中該载體包括強酸型或弱酸型之陽離子交換 金屬、或表面活化之非金屬。 、曰、 17.如中請專利範圍第16項所述之磁性觸媒之 法,/、中該载體係該強酸型或弱酸乂 且形成該第-金屬奈米殼層於該換樹脂, 化學還原法。 戰版之表面的步驟係一 、18.如申請專利範圍第16項所 〇 法 法’其中該载體係金屬或表面活化之”生觸媒之形成方 一金屬奈米殼層於該載體之表面的屬’且形成該第 19.如申請專利範圍第14項所诚备' —無電鍍法。 之=:形成-第二金屬奈米殼層:5:性觸媒之形成方 表面的步驟係一無電鍍法。、'弟一金屬奈米殼層 ❹ 15
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