201031693 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種廢塑膠裂解方法及其設備，特別指— 種廢塑膠連續裂解的方法及設備。 【先前技術】 塑膠屬於高分子碳氫聚合物，其本身是石油產品中的 烴類經聚合反應構成的高分子聚合物，由於其難以在自然 界中自然降解’對環境造成了極大的污染。因此，現今係 以裂解的方法將構成塑膠的高分子聚合物大分子鍵打開， 使其還原為小分子鏈的化合物，由於小分子化合物一般為 符合燃油組分的碳氫化合物，所以需經過分餾和精製以得 到汽油、柴油和燃氣，以解決廢塑膠對於環境的污染，且 ' 該方法同時具有很高的經濟價值和環保效益，並進一步為 解決現在日益嚴重的能源危機提供了新的途徑。 但是現有的裂解方法一般係將廢塑膠一次性置入反應 Φ 爸内並利用煤或電作為熱源，在催化劑的催化下加熱使其 裂解，然後對裂解氣進行分館冷凝，以得到粗製燃油，由 於這樣的方法只能分批次處理廢塑膠，因此無法達到工業 上要求的連續北生產的要求，且其處理速度慢、所得油的 。《質很低，且由於採用的是直接加熱的方法，所以導致反 應爸易燃易爆等問題的發生，同時由於反應爸直接受熱會 對反應蚤造成過大的損耗並減少整套設備的使用壽命而增 加生產的成纟；又該方法由於無法進行連續化生產無法及 時有效的對生產過程中產生的廢氣廢渣進行處理，所以會 造成對環境的污染。而現有技術中雖然提供了多種可連續 3 201031693 工業化生產的廢塑膠油化裝i ’並且該技術能夠在一定程 度上能達到連續生產的目的，但對於裂解過程巾廢塑膠受 熱不均勻會造成塑膠裂解不徹底而影響最終的油品收率= 問題’同時也會造成部分塑膠受熱㈣而直接燒焦形成焦 渣而影響裂解反應的正常進行，同時增加生產過程中對於 排潰處理問題和後期對大量廢渣處理的成本問題。 【發明内容】 為解決現有技術存在的上述問題，本發明提供了下面 的技術方案：其係於裂解器内與原料混合並同向運動的攜 帶熱量之固態載熱體對原料進行加熱以進行連續裂解；而 該固態載熱體在裂解器内迴圈並與裂解產生的固態物相互 分離。 首先在裂解器中由於利用攜帶熱量的固態載熱體進行 直接加熱’該固態載熱體與原料同向運動過程中，原料與 固態載熱體混合並黏附在其表面，使原料與固態載熱體大 面積直接接觸並快速受熱，進而解決因塑勝導熱效果差而 造成的廢塑膠受熱不均勻、裂解不徹底的難題，還能夠提 高反應速度以達到快速裂解的目的。 由於該固態載熱體在裂解器内迴圈使用，在固態熱載 體返回時可以同時受熱而提高其溫度以滿足裂解反應對溫 度的要求。如此，該固態熱载體便會在筒體内形成迴圈， 該方法不僅結構簡化，且可減少佔用空間，且該固態熱載 體在裂解器内迴圈沒有熱能的損失，可使設備的運作成本 大大降低’並可降低整個裂解反應的能耗。 4 201031693 :成裂解後的固態熱載體與生成的固態物分離，生成 固1、物經由專門的子凡 】的°又備送出反應器，如此便可以保證反應 卜、γ進行和固態熱載體在返回過程巾的充分受熱，以防 :固悲生成物附著而造成的熱量傳導損失。 。為了保證該固態載熱體在裂解器的内迴圈過程中，能 σ,足％ #熱量以彡到裂帛塑踢所需的最低溫度，所以 在裂解器内可士凡罢Λ 、 了°又置輔助加熱裝置，以在該固態熱載體於内 迴圈的過程巾 龜 中補充所需的熱量，又因該辅助加熱裝置係設 =Γ内部，所以熱量不會流失，因此減少能量的損 - ''在上述過程中，可以直接將固態塑膠原料送入裂解器 2行裂解過程，但為了達到更好的效果，一般會將原料預 .....韓融狀後再送人訪㈣進行裂解㈣，這樣不僅會 吏，』膠間存留的氣體排出，更可使整個裂解系統的密封 陡侍到更好的加強’同時由於該廢塑膠熔融狀的流動阻力 遠小於固態原料，所以可為整個推進系統減輕麼力，並縮 短裂解時間。值得注意的是’由於塑膠是熱的不良導體， 所以當該塑膠預熱為熔融狀後，可降低裂解所需能耗，以 」進行裂解過程的連續性，並讓該熔融狀的原料更容易均 勻的附著在固態載熱體表面，且由於該原料附著的厚度报 薄’因此可促使裂解反應在極短的時間内完成，以更進— 步地縮短整個反應所需的時間，所以也為工業化連續 提供有利條件。 本發明所述的裂解過程，可以處理成份單一的原料， 也可以處理混合的原料，但在處理含有聚氯乙稀（ρ 5 201031693 的原料時，由於加熱後產生的氣化氫（HC丨）會對裂解設備產 生腐蝕’因此應當利用聚氣乙烯（Pvc)低溫裂解的特點， 以在預熱階段脫除聚氯乙烯（PVC)熱解所產生的氯化氫 (HCi)。而該脫除氯化氫（Hc丨)係可採用收集或利用驗性物質 中和或其他的現有技術方法來完成。 ❹ 要利用本發明的方法實現連續化生產，應當將原料或 預熱後的熔融狀原料或經預熱脫除氣化氳（HC丨）處理後的熔 融狀原料及S]態載熱體分別連續送人裂解器内進行裂解過 程’並連續排出於裂解過程中所產生的裂解氣，並在裂解 後將該固態載熱體及固態生成物一起連續排出。該固態載 熱體在反應完成後會與固態生成物分離並在反應器内迴圈 連續使用，從而完成整個裂解過程的連續製程。 由於該固態載熱體及原料或溶融狀原料的混合物運動 阻力較大’因&，應當對該固態載熱體及原料或熔融狀原 料施加外保證其運動或流動，而具體方式係可採用傾 ^的轉動外殼等方式來進行，亦可藉由螺旋推進機構進行， 這種方式除推動原料和固態載熱體外，還能夠同時對混合 物進仃攪拌’使物料受熱更加均勻而加速裂解，進而促 原料的完全裂解。 對於裂解產生的裂解氣可 -----…不欢兴他方式 ，一步進行催化裂解，之後進人分料進行㈣，分潑所 油氣經冷凝塔冷凝後，可採用不同方法⑽ 沾’即可得到各種較高品f的輕f & ;而對於 的氧體可作為·嫉祖+t· 产 7 '疑 1乍為燃枓或其他利用’以節約生產成本， 免該氣體直接排出而造成環境污_，所π ·、 故取％ ί兄万木所U可於不凝氣燃繞 6 201031693 前對該不凝氣進行脫硫等淨化處理。 由於所有的加埶及庙 不會產生物料η:在裂解器内完成的’所以 物枓或產物的燃燒過程，因此無煙氣的排放，而 揪至環保的要求’所得的裂解氣及其他不能冷凝的可 燃氣均可藉由處理或回收’避免對環境產生污染。 本發明中的固银巷鼽鞅',^ ‘…、體’可根據材質熔點、比熱容選 擇不同的材料，並專屯太古 要衣在回於裂解溫度時係為固態，而該 ❹ 固態载熱體具體的形狀則不需予m在具體使用時， 該固態載熱體可以採用球體，特別是金屬球體，球狀的固 態載熱體還能夠使載熱體與原料有最大的接觸面積，進而 加快裂解反應的進行，但是若球體的直徑過大就會使球與 球之間產生過多的空隙影響裂解器的密封，因此將導熱球 的直徑控制在5-25mm，可以在保證密封的同時最大程度 上增加接觸面積。而該固態載熱體所用的材料熔點係高於 塑膠裂解所需的溫度。 為使裂解反應於進行時’該裂解反應能完全且又能控 制裂解所需的時間，因此進行裂解反應時需要使該熔融狀 廢塑膠與固態載熱體間有最大的接觸面積和最佳的反應時 間’由於導熱球的效果好於其他固態載熱體，因此控制每 嘴原料、每小時使用導熱球30-50噸，便可以在保證裂解 效果的同時縮短反應時間；為了保證裂解反應能夠順利進 行’該導熱球進入裂解器時的溫度控制在塑膠裂解所需之 上下限溫度間即可。 在原料入口由於原料經過螺旋擠壓後，其中所含的氣 體會被排出，且同時原料自身亦會發生堆積，所以能保證 7 201031693 氣體的排出，故能保證進料時的密封；在固態載熱體入口， 固態熱載體會被大量的堆積右— 隹積在―起且彼此之間的空隙作 小，因此促使氣體排出以完成 、很 门C 4珉茗封，在固態載熱體出口，201031693 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The invention relates to a waste plastic cracking method and a device thereof, in particular to a method and a device for continuously cracking a waste plastic. [Prior Art] Plastic is a high-molecular hydrocarbon polymer, which is a high-molecular polymer composed of a hydrocarbon in a petroleum product, which is difficult to naturally degrade in nature, causing great pollution to the environment. Therefore, nowadays, the macromolecular bond constituting the plastic polymer is opened by a cleavage method to reduce it to a small molecular chain compound. Since the small molecule compound is generally a hydrocarbon component conforming to the fuel component, it is subjected to fractionation. And refined to obtain gasoline, diesel and gas to solve the environmental pollution of waste plastics, and 'this method has high economic value and environmental benefits at the same time, and further provides a new way to solve the increasingly serious energy crisis. . However, the existing cracking method generally involves disposing the waste plastic into the reaction Φ dad and using coal or electricity as a heat source, heating it under the catalysis of the catalyst to cleave it, and then condensing the cracked gas to obtain a crude fuel, because Such a method can only process waste plastics in batches, and thus cannot meet the requirements of continuous northern production required by the industry, and the processing speed is slow and the oil obtained. "The quality is very low, and because of the direct heating method, it causes the problem of flammable and explosive reaction of the reaction dad, and at the same time, due to the direct heating of the reaction dad, the reaction 蚤 will cause excessive loss and reduce the service life of the whole set of equipment. Increasing the production of sputum; this method can not effectively and timely treat the waste slag generated in the production process due to the inability to carry out continuous production, so it will cause environmental pollution. In the prior art, although a variety of waste plastic oil-filled products which can be industrially produced in 201031693 are provided, and the technology can achieve the purpose of continuous production to a certain extent, but the uneven heating of the waste plastics in the cracking process may cause plastic cracking. Incompletely affecting the final oil yield = problem 'At the same time, it will also cause some plastics to be heated (4) and directly burnt to form coke to affect the normal progress of the cracking reaction, while increasing the problem of discharge treatment during the production process and the later The cost of waste disposal. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a technical solution for heating a raw material by heating a raw material in a cracker that is mixed with a raw material and moved in the same direction to carry heat. The solid state heat carrier is looped in the cracker and separated from the solid matter produced by the cracking. Firstly, in the cracker, direct heating is carried out by using a solid heat carrier carrying heat. During the movement of the solid heat carrier and the raw material, the raw material and the solid heat carrier are mixed and adhered to the surface, so that the raw material and the solid heat carrier The large area of the body directly contacts and is quickly heated, thereby solving the problem that the waste plastic is unevenly heated and the cracking is not complete due to the poor thermal conductivity of the plastic, and the reaction speed can be increased to achieve the purpose of rapid cracking. Since the solid heat carrier is used in the loop inside the cracker, the solid heat carrier can be heated simultaneously to increase its temperature to meet the temperature requirements of the cracking reaction. In this way, the solid heat carrier forms a loop in the cylinder, and the method not only simplifies the structure, but also reduces the occupied space, and the solid heat carrier has no heat loss in the loop of the cracker, and the operation of the device can be performed. The cost is greatly reduced' and the energy consumption of the entire cracking reaction can be reduced. 4 201031693: The solid heat carrier after cracking is separated from the solid matter formed, and the solid matter is produced and sent to the reactor through a special column, so that the reaction, the gamma proceeding and the solid heat carrier can be ensured. Return to the process towel to be fully heated to prevent: heat conduction loss caused by the attachment of the solid product. . In order to ensure that the solid heat carrier is in the inner loop of the cracker, the σ, %% heat can be used to reach the minimum temperature required for the splitting and kicking, so in the cracker, the fisherman can quit, and An auxiliary heating device is provided to replenish the required heat in the process of the solid heat carrier in the inner loop, and because the auxiliary heating device is set to be inside the crucible, the heat is not lost, thereby reducing the energy loss- ''In the above process, the solid plastic raw material can be directly sent to the cracker 2 line cracking process, but in order to achieve better results, the raw material is generally pre-heated and then sent to visit (4) for cracking (4) This will not only be awkward, but the gas remaining in the glue will be discharged, which will make the sealing of the entire cracking system steeper and better. At the same time, because the flow resistance of the waste plastic melt is much smaller than that of solid raw materials, it can be The propulsion system relieves effort and reduces cracking time. It is worth noting that 'because plastic is a poor conductor of heat, when the plastic is preheated into a molten state, the energy required for cracking can be reduced to carry out the continuity of the cracking process and make the molten raw material easier. Uniform adhesion to the surface of the solid heat carrier, and due to the thin thickness of the material attached to the material, thus facilitating the cracking reaction to be completed in a very short time, in order to further shorten the time required for the entire reaction, so Industrialization continues to provide favorable conditions. The cracking process of the present invention can treat a single raw material or a mixed raw material, but when processing a raw material containing polyvinyl chloride (ρ 5 201031693, hydrogenated hydrogen (HC丨) generated after heating It will corrode the cracking equipment. Therefore, the characteristics of low temperature cracking of polystyrene (PVC) should be utilized to remove the hydrogen chloride (HCi) produced by the pyrolysis of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) during the preheating stage. Hc丨) can be accomplished by collecting or using neutral matter or other prior art methods. ❹ To achieve continuous production using the method of the present invention, the raw material or the preheated molten material should be preheated. The molten raw material after removing the vaporized hydrazine (HC丨) and the S] state heat carrier are continuously sent to the cracker in the cracking process respectively, and continuously discharged from the cracking gas generated in the cracking process, and after cracking The solid heat carrier and the solid product are continuously discharged together. The solid heat carrier is separated from the solid product after the reaction is completed and continuously used in the reactor, thereby completing the entire crack. The continuous process of the process. Since the mixture of the solid heat carrier and the raw material or the molten raw material has a large resistance to movement, the solid heat carrier and the raw material or the molten raw material should be externally secured to move or flow. The specific method can be carried out by means of a rotating shell or the like, or by a screw propulsion mechanism. In addition to pushing the raw material and the solid heat carrier, the mixture can be stirred at the same time to make the material more uniformly heated. Accelerate the cracking, and then promote the complete cracking of the raw material. The cracking gas generated by the cracking can be-----...not happy, the catalytic cracking in one step, and then into the material (4), the oil and gas passing through the condensation tower After condensation, different methods (10) can be used to obtain the light f & a variety of higher products f; and for the oxygen body can be used as a 嫉 + + t 产 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 枓 枓 枓 枓 枓 枓In order to save production costs, the gas is directly discharged and causes environmental pollution _, π ·, so take 兄 万 万 万 U U 可 可 可 可 U 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 2010 Since all the twists and temples do not produce the material η: the burning process of the material or product in the cracker, so the smokeless gas is discharged, and the environmentally friendly requirements are obtained. The non-condensable combustible gas can be treated or recycled to avoid pollution to the environment. The solid silver lanes in the present invention can be selected according to the melting point and specific heat capacity of the material, and are specially designed. The Taikoo coat is solid when it is returned to the cracking temperature, and the specific shape of the solid heat carrier does not need to be used. When the concrete heat carrier is used, the solid heat body can adopt a sphere, especially a metal sphere, a spherical shape. The solid heat carrier can also maximize the contact area between the heat carrier and the raw material, thereby accelerating the cracking reaction. However, if the diameter of the sphere is too large, excessive voids between the ball and the ball will affect the seal of the cracker. Controlling the diameter of the thermal ball to 5-25mm can maximize the contact area while ensuring the seal. The solid heat carrier has a melting point higher than that required for plastic cracking. In order to make the cleavage reaction complete and control the time required for the cleavage reaction, the cleavage reaction needs to have the largest contact area between the molten waste plastic and the solid heat carrier and the best. The reaction time 'Because the effect of the heat-conducting ball is better than other solid-state heat-conducting bodies, so controlling the raw material of each mouth and using 30-50 tons of heat-conductive balls per hour can shorten the reaction time while ensuring the cracking effect; in order to ensure the smoothness of the cracking reaction The temperature control when the thermal bulb enters the cracker can be controlled between the upper and lower temperatures required for plastic cracking. After the raw material inlet is spirally extruded, the gas contained therein will be discharged, and at the same time, the raw material itself will accumulate, so that the discharge of the gas of 201031693 can be ensured, so that the sealing at the time of feeding can be ensured; At the inlet of the hot body, the solid heat carrier will be piled up by a large amount of right-cumulating in the gap between the two, so that the gas is discharged to complete, and the door is sealed, at the outlet of the solid heat carrier.
同樣也採用螺旋推進，這樣就A 稼就在熱載體自身堆積的基礎上 :以進-步對熱載體進行擠壓’以保證該裂解器與外界的 =封°透過上述的㈣方法’使整個裂解過程都處在密封 的環境下保證裂解過㈣順利進行，也保證生產過程 會發生燃爆等危險。Spiral propulsion is also used, so that A crop is based on the accumulation of the heat carrier itself: the hot carrier is extruded in a step-by-step manner to ensure that the cracker and the outside world pass the above-mentioned (four) method to make the whole The cracking process is in a sealed environment to ensure that the cracking has been carried out smoothly (4), and the danger of explosion and explosion in the production process is also ensured.
採用本發明所述的廢塑膠裂解方法，可以使廢塑膠的 裂解達到工業連續化生產，使得處理速度和裂解所得的油 品質量有極大的提高，由於採用了固態載熱體作為載入埶 體，因此促使該裂解反應過程中裂解溫度的均衡，同時也 極大的提高廢塑膠的受熱面積使裂解反應可以更加穩定快 速的進行’同時由於m態載熱體的加熱效率較直接加熱的 致率高很多，因此在加熱過程中所需的能耗要遠小於直接 加熱的方式，u節約能源。由於本發明沒有煙氣的排，所 χ降低了對於環境的污染，並達到工業連續無害化生產的 樑準。 本發明另相關於一種裂解設備，包括一外筒體及一内 筒體，該内筒體的兩端均與該外筒體相通，該外筒體及該 内筒體中的至少一個裝有一加熱機構，該外筒體内壁上設 有—蜾旋帶，該内筒體設有一與外筒體送料方向相反的輸 送機構，該内筒體的入口端與外筒體之間設有一固態熱載 體導入機構；該外筒體内設有一裂解生成的固態物與固態 栽熱體的分離機構；該外筒體設有一油氣出口及一固態生 201031693 成物出口。 對於本發明的結橡’可根據需要採用該外筒體或該内 请體作為裂解腔，而另-個作為將固態熱㈣心㈣^ 但從被輸送物的體積等方面考慮，一般將外筒體用於裂解， 而將内筒體用於送返固態載熱體。同時，由於兩個腔 通，在固態熱載體返回時可以同時受熱而提高其溫 足裂解反應對/皿度的要求。如此’該固態熱載體便；芮 ❿ 體内形成迴圈，本發明不僅使結構簡化，並減少佔用4 而且，該固態熱載體在筒體内迴圈沒有熱能的損失了^ 設備的運作成本大大降低。 吏 在本發明中，該内筒體中固態載熱體的 種方式實行，若將内筒體設計為傾斜的轉筒；或在 =的内筒體：安裝螺桿；還可以將内筒體設計為轉筒的 動而由-端傳送至另一端。 载熱體隨内筒體的轉 =固態載熱體或固態載熱體與原料的混 體的結構有多種方式，當内筒體傾斜時，其卜： ^入口端；當内筒體入口端較高時，也 卜 ϋ升機構。該提升機構可以直接藉 ^ 體之内壁上的螺旌卷眘—0 内疴體與垓内筒 i的螺奴帶實饤，即可使内筒體與其 4攪拌筒’即使内筒體的端部 。走帶 m ^ 巾艰成螺旋面，品 門的端部與内筒體以及内側的螺旋帶 開口的攪拌筒。 J u取句周向 為補充固態載熱體在裂解反應中失 夠滿足再次反應的要求，可以直接採用^熱里’使其能 木用“筒體内的溫度 9 201031693 之方法來元成，但為保證其吸收足夠的熱量，且加熱成本 較低’應在外筒體及内筒體中分別設置加熱機構，内筒體 中的加熱機構可以在其筒壁上，也可以沿内筒體的軸向將 其設置在内筒體的中央。此時，内筒體中的加熱機構可採 用一加熱管’該加熱管與内筒體連為一體，且該加熱管的 兩端穿出外筒體而與驅動機構連接。 要進行裂解反應後固態生成物與固態載熱體的分離， 一般係於筒體内設置一篩網，當該内筒體作為送返固態載 ® 熱體的通道時，應將内筒體之入口端的固態熱載體導入機 構設於筛網上方。而且，為方便同時輸送分離出的固態生 成物，本發明將篩網設計為筒狀，該篩網外端有一擋板， 以防止固態載熱體至篩網外；該篩網外壁與外筒體之間設 .有將固態生成物送至其出口的螺旋帶，此時，將内筒體二 口端係設於篩網内。 結合本發明中塑膠的反應過程以及内筒體的結 •發明？可將裂解產生之油氣的出口設於鄰近外筒體的原料 尽發明的具體結構係可採 ’ … Γ 々八 · 裂解設備係包括轉動的—外筒體及一内筒冑 端與該外筒料侧料k間藉由動㈣連接’且= 體：内筒體間形成帶有熱載體進出口的加熱 端藉由動密封與封頭連接；該 卜靖骨 旋帶與内筒體連接，兮 J 5的加熱管係藉d 封連接。 亥加熱管穿出封頭並與封頭藉由t 本發明中還將該内饩义 内同體的則埠與外筒體的原料入 201031693 對應，以便使原料及時得到熱量而發生反應。 基於傳動的需要’該外筒體兩端可設有直徑較小的連 接部分，該鄰近原料入口的連接部分之對應的内筒體外壁 上設置有螺旋帶；而另一連接部分的内壁上設置有螺旋帶， 以促使原料及反應生成物的順利輸送。 本發明採用合理面效的方法及設備實現塑膠裂解的連 續生產及其自動化。而且，本方法還在廢氣處理及利用等 多方面進行改善’使其能夠達到環保要求，並降低成本。 【實施方式】 實施例一： 將廢塑膠預處理後置入預熱系統進行預熱使其達到熔 融狀’之後經過鹼性吸收塔吸收產生的氯化氫（Ηα)，熔融 狀的廢塑膠以每小時彳噸的速度通入裂解器中，同時加入 常規塑膠裂解催化劑，導熱球在裂解器内與廢塑膠同向運 動並相互混合，使該廢塑膠發生裂解，之後在裂解器内迴 圈加熱，迴圈量為每小時40噸，導熱球直徑為1〇_2〇mm， 溫度為380-50CTC，該裂解器藉由螺旋推進機構為原料和 固態载熱體的同向運動提供動力，並對導熱球和熔融狀廢 塑膠進行混合；裂解所得氣體藉由固定催化床進行二次裂 解，二次裂解氣體係通過分餾塔，以冷凝該二次裂解氣體 j調整以獲得汽油'柴油等油品；冷凝後的不凝氣經淨化 岔封處理後儲存，而該固態生成物與導熱球的分離，係藉 由在筒體内設置的篩網得以進行；導熱球與固態生成物分 離後，在裂解器内被二次加熱至38〇_5〇(rc後送回裂解器 的塑膠進口與廢塑膠混合。在溶融狀廢塑膠的人口採用螺 201031693 旋變距擠壓推進進行密封。其他設備和技術採用現有技術 實施例二： 將廢塑膠置入預熱系統進行預熱使其達到溶融狀，之 後經過驗性吸收塔吸收產生的氣化氫（HC丨），熔融狀的廢塑 膠以每小時1.5噸的速度通入裂解器中，而該陶竟導熱球 係以迴圈量每小時44噸的速度，與廢塑膠在裂解器内進行 混合’使廢塑膠發生裂解，該陶瓷球溫度為4〇〇_46〇它， ©裂解器中藉由螺旋推進機構為原料和陶竟球同向運動提供 動力；而裂解後所得氣體係通過分餾塔，所得餾分經過^ 凝及調整以獲得汽油、柴油等油品；冷凝後的不凝氣㈣ 燒後通過多級淨化裝置後排空。其他設備和技術採用現有 實施例三： ❹ 將廢塑膠以每小時0.5 〇頓的速度通入裂解器中，同時 二：Γ二該固態載熱體以迴圈量每小時44嘲的速度與 …在裂解4内運動相互混合，並使廢塑膠發生裂 解’該固態載熱體溫度為42〇_44(rc 推谁播M m G 1解器係藉由螺旋 推進機構為原料和固態载熱體同向運動提供動力·裂 所仔氣體通過固定催化床進行二次 _ 又 捅讲八輪π 肝一次裂解氣體係 油° A、:』传鶴分經過冷凝及調整得到汽油、柴油等 油…冷凝後的不凝氣經淨化密封處理 熱體被二次加熱前經過篩網分離出附著… 成物，而該固態生成物係藉由螺旋帶排=面的固態生 併出裂解器，且該固 12 201031693 態熱載體通過裂解器内部的迴圈裝置在裂解器内進行二次 加熱，二次加熱時裂解器内有二次加熱裝置。其他二 技術採用現有技術。 實施例四： 將廢塑膠置入預熱系統進行預熱使其達到熔融狀，之 後經過驗性吸收塔吸收產生的氯化氫剛，炫融狀的廢塑 膠以每小時！嘲的速度通入裂解器中，同時加入催化劑， ❹固態載熱體在裂解器内的迴圈速度為每小時3Q嘲，在入口 處與廢塑膠同向在裂解器内運動相互混合，並使廢塑膠發 裂解該固態載熱體溫度為35〇-44〇。〇，而該裂解器藉 2螺旋推進機構為原料和固態載熱體同向運動提供動力； .裂解後所得氣體係通過分館塔；館分冷凝後所得的不凝氣 係經淨化處理後儲存。其他設備和技術採用現有技術。 實施例五： ^ —將廢塑膠以每小_ 2嘴的速度通人裂解器中，導熱球 、口每J時60 "頓的速度在裂解器内迴圈，並與廢塑膠在裂解 Ζ同向運動並均勾混合，以使廢塑膠發生裂解，導熱球直 I為5 15mm，溫度為41〇_44(rc，裂解器中係以螺旋推進 為原料和固態载熱體的同向運動提供動力；而裂解所 岛1體係藉由固定催化床進行二次裂解，二次裂解氣體通 ^ 所彳于餾分經過冷凝及調整而得到汽油、柴油等 时、’ 7凝後的不凝氣經淨化密封處理後燃燒，燃燒所得 氣通過夕級淨化裝置後排空；該固態載熱體（導熱球） 13 201031693 被二次加熱前經過筛網分離出附著在其表面的固態生成 物，且該固態生-成物係藉由螺旋帶排出裂解器，又該固態 熱載體係藉由裂解器内部的迴圈裝置在裂解器内進行二欠 加熱，二次加熱時裂解器内有二次加熱裝置。其他設備和 技術採用現有技術。 實施例六： ㈣塑膠置入預熱系統進行預熱使其達到熔融狀，熔 響融狀的廢塑膠以每小時Q.5冑的速度通人裂㈣中，㈣ 載熱體以每小時24嘲的速度在裂解器内迴圈，在廢塑膠入 口出與廢塑膠混合並與之同向運動，使廢塑膠發生裂解， 裂解所得氣體通過固定催化床進行：次裂解，二次裂解氣 '通過分顧塔，所得潑分經過冷凝及調整得到汽油、柴油等 油品；冷凝後的不凝氣導入加熱裝置中並燃燒，以作為提 供裂解器熱源之用，燃燒後的高溫煙氣經過除塵設備除塵 •後排工。該固g載熱體被二次加熱前經過篩網分離出附著 在其表面的固態生成物，且該固態生成物係藉由螺旋帶排 出裂解器，又該固態熱載體係利用裂解器内部的迴圈裝置 在裂解器内進行二次加熱，二次加熱時裂解器内有二次加 熱裝置。其他設備和技術採用現有技術。 實施例七： 將廢塑膠預處理後置入預熱系統進行預熱使其達到熔 融狀，之後經過鹼性吸收塔吸收產生的氯化氫（Ηα)，熔融 狀的廢塑膠以每小時3噸的速度通入裂解器中，同時加入 201031693 催化^，固態載熱體以每小時8〇噸的速度在裂解器内迴 圈並在廢塑膠入口處與廢塑膠混合，並與之同向在裂解 器内運動並充分混合，使該廢塑膠發生裂解，胃固態載熱 體恤度4 400-420°C，裂解器藉由螺旋推進機才冓為原料和 固〜、載熱體同向運動提供動力；裂解所得氣體通過固定催 化床進仃二次裂解，二次裂解氣體通過分餾塔，所得餾分 左過冷凝及調整得到汽油、柴油等油品；冷凝後的不凝氣By adopting the waste plastic cracking method of the invention, the cracking of the waste plastic can be industrially continuous production, and the processing speed and the quality of the oil obtained by the cracking are greatly improved, because the solid heat carrier is used as the loading body. Therefore, the equilibrium of the cracking temperature during the cracking reaction is promoted, and the heating area of the waste plastic is greatly improved, so that the cracking reaction can be carried out more stably and rapidly. Meanwhile, since the heating efficiency of the m-state heat medium is higher than that of direct heating, A lot, so the energy consumption required in the heating process is much smaller than the direct heating method, u save energy. Since the present invention does not have a flue gas row, it reduces the pollution to the environment and achieves the industrial continuous and harmless production. The invention further relates to a cracking apparatus comprising an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, wherein both ends of the inner cylinder are in communication with the outer cylinder, and at least one of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is provided with a a heating mechanism, the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a vortex belt, the inner cylinder body is provided with a conveying mechanism opposite to the feeding direction of the outer cylinder body, and a solid heat is arranged between the inlet end and the outer cylinder body of the inner cylinder body a carrier introduction mechanism; the outer cylinder body is provided with a separation mechanism between the solid matter generated by the cracking and the solid heat medium body; the outer cylinder body is provided with an oil and gas outlet and a solid state 201031693 product outlet. For the knot rubber of the present invention, the outer cylinder or the inner body may be used as a cracking chamber as needed, and the other as a solid heat (four) core (four) ^ but from the volume of the object to be transported, etc., generally The barrel is used for cracking and the inner cylinder is used to return the solid heat carrier. At the same time, due to the two chambers, the solid heat carrier can be heated at the same time to increase the temperature of the cracking reaction. Thus, the solid heat carrier forms a loop in the body, and the invention not only simplifies the structure, but also reduces the occupation. Moreover, the solid heat carrier has no heat loss in the loop of the cylinder body. reduce. In the present invention, the manner of the solid heat medium in the inner cylinder is carried out, if the inner cylinder is designed as an inclined drum; or the inner cylinder is = screw is installed; the inner cylinder can also be designed Transfer from the end to the other end for the movement of the drum. There are many ways for the heating medium to follow the rotation of the inner cylinder = the solid heat carrier or the mixture of the solid heat carrier and the raw material. When the inner cylinder is inclined, the bub: ^ inlet end; when the inner cylinder inlet end When it is higher, it is also a promotion. The lifting mechanism can directly use the screw thread on the inner wall of the body and the inner body of the inner tube and the inner tube of the inner tube to make the inner tube body and the four mixing tube 'even the end of the inner tube body. unit. The belt m ^ towel is difficult to spiral, the end of the door and the inner cylinder and the inner spiral belt open the mixing drum. J u takes the sentence to compensate for the requirement that the solid heat carrier loses enough to meet the re-reaction in the cracking reaction, and can directly use the method of heat-heating to make it use the method of temperature 9 201031693 in the cylinder. However, in order to ensure that it absorbs enough heat and the heating cost is low, a heating mechanism should be provided in the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the heating mechanism in the inner cylinder can be on the wall of the cylinder or along the inner cylinder. The axial direction is set in the center of the inner cylinder. At this time, the heating mechanism in the inner cylinder can adopt a heating pipe 'the heating pipe is integrally connected with the inner cylinder body, and both ends of the heating pipe pass through the outer cylinder The body is connected to the driving mechanism. To separate the solid product from the solid heat carrier after the cracking reaction, a screen is generally disposed in the cylinder body, and when the inner cylinder serves as a passage for returning the solid medium heat body The solid heat carrier introduction mechanism at the inlet end of the inner cylinder should be disposed on the screen. Moreover, in order to facilitate the simultaneous transportation of the separated solid product, the present invention designs the screen into a cylindrical shape, and the outer end of the screen has a block. Board to prevent solid heat transfer The body is arranged outside the screen; a spiral belt is provided between the outer wall of the screen and the outer cylinder, and the solid product is sent to the outlet thereof. At this time, the two ends of the inner cylinder are arranged in the screen. In the invention, the reaction process of the plastic and the knot of the inner cylinder and the invention can provide the outlet of the oil and gas generated by the cracking in the raw material adjacent to the outer cylinder. The specific structure of the invention can be adopted. ... 々 · · 裂解 裂解 裂解 裂解The outer cylinder and the inner cylinder end are connected with the outer cylinder side material k by the movable (four)' and the body: the heating end with the heat carrier inlet and outlet is formed between the inner cylinder body by dynamic sealing and sealing The head is connected; the Bujing bone belt is connected to the inner cylinder, and the heating tube of the 兮J 5 is connected by a d seal. The heating tube passes through the head and is sealed with the head by t. The inner same body is corresponding to the raw material of the outer cylinder into 201031693, so that the raw material can get heat in time to react. Based on the need of the transmission, the outer cylinder can be provided with a connecting portion with a small diameter at both ends, and the adjacent raw material a spiral belt is disposed on the outer wall of the corresponding inner cylinder of the connecting portion of the inlet The inner wall of the other connecting portion is provided with a spiral belt to promote the smooth transportation of the raw material and the reaction product. The invention adopts a reasonable surface effect method and equipment to realize continuous production and automation of plastic cracking. Moreover, the method is still Improvements in various aspects such as waste gas treatment and utilization' enable it to meet environmental requirements and reduce costs. [Embodiment] Example 1: Pretreatment of waste plastics into a preheating system for preheating to melt The hydrogen chloride (Ηα) produced by the absorption of the alkaline absorption tower, the molten plastic waste is introduced into the cracker at a rate of 彳 ton per hour, and a conventional plastic cracking catalyst is added, and the heat conductive ball moves in the same direction as the waste plastic in the cracker. And mixing with each other, the waste plastic is cracked, and then heated in the cracker inside the cracker, the loop amount is 40 tons per hour, the heat conductive ball diameter is 1〇_2〇mm, the temperature is 380-50CTC, the cracker borrows The spiral propulsion mechanism provides power for the co-directional movement of the raw material and the solid heat carrier, and mixes the heat conductive ball and the molten waste plastic; The secondary cracking gas system is subjected to secondary cracking, and the secondary cracking gas system is passed through a fractionation column to condense the secondary cracking gas j to obtain gasoline 'diesel and the like oil; the condensed non-condensable gas is stored after being cleaned and sealed. The separation of the solid product from the heat conductive ball is performed by a screen disposed in the cylinder; the heat conductive ball is separated from the solid product and then reheated to 38 〇 5 在 in the cracker ( After rc, the plastic inlet sent back to the cracker is mixed with waste plastic. In the population of molten plastic waste, the screw is used to seal the screw with the 201031693 rotary pitch extrusion. Other equipment and technology adopt the prior art embodiment 2: Putting the waste plastic into the preheating system for preheating to reach the molten state, and then passing the hydrogenation (HC丨) generated by the absorption tower, the molten plastic waste It is passed into the cracker at a speed of 1.5 tons per hour, and the ceramic heat-transfer ball is mixed with the waste plastic in the cracker at a speed of 44 tons per hour, which causes the waste plastic to be cracked. The temperature is 4〇〇_46〇, in the cracker, the spiral propulsion mechanism is used as the raw material and the ceramic ball is powered in the same direction; and the gas system obtained after the cracking passes through the fractionation tower, and the obtained fraction is subjected to condensation and adjustment to obtain Oils such as gasoline and diesel oil; non-condensable gas after condensation (4) After being burned, it is discharged through a multi-stage purification device. Other equipment and technologies adopt the existing embodiment three: ❹ The waste plastic is introduced into the cracker at a rate of 0.5 每小时 per hour, and at the same time, the second solid heat carrier is circulated at a rate of 44 ticks per hour with... The motion in the crack 4 is mixed with each other and the waste plastic is cracked. The temperature of the solid heat carrier is 42〇_44 (rc pushes the M m G 1 solver by the screw propulsion mechanism as the raw material and the solid heat carrier) Simultaneous movement to provide power · Cracking the gas through the fixed catalytic bed for a second time _ 捅 捅 八 π π 一次 一次 一次 一次 一次 ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° ° 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及 及After the non-condensable gas is cleaned and sealed, the hot body is separated and adhered through the screen before being heated twice, and the solid product is taken out by the spiral strip row = surface solid state and the cracker is solidified. 12 201031693 The heat carrier is reheated in the cracker through the loop device inside the cracker, and the secondary heater is installed in the cracker during the second heating. The other two technologies adopt the prior art. Preheating system Preheating to achieve melting, and then hydrogen chloride generated by the absorption of the absorption column, the waste plastic waste into the cracker at an hourly rate, while adding the catalyst, the solid heat carrier The loop speed in the cracker is 3Q per hour, and it is mixed with the waste plastic in the cracker at the inlet to mix with each other, and the waste plastic is cracked. The temperature of the solid heat carrier is 35〇-44〇. The cracker provides power for the co-directional movement of the raw material and the solid heat carrier by the 2 screw propulsion mechanism; the gas system obtained after the cracking passes through the branch tower; the non-condensable gas obtained after the condensation of the museum is purified and stored. And the technology adopts the prior art. Embodiment 5: ^—The waste plastic is passed into the cracker at a speed of _ 2 nozzles per minute, and the heat transfer ball and the mouth are looped in the cracker at a speed of 60 rpm, and It is moved in the same direction as the waste plastic in the cracking crucible, so that the waste plastic is cracked. The heat-conducting ball straight I is 5 15mm and the temperature is 41〇_44 (rc. The cracker is made of spiral propulsion as raw material and solid-state load. Hot body movement in the same direction Power; and the cracking island 1 system is subjected to secondary cracking by a fixed catalytic bed, and the secondary cracking gas passes through the condensation and adjustment of the fraction to obtain gasoline, diesel, etc., and the 7-condensed non-condensable gas is purified. After the sealing treatment, the combustion gas is exhausted through the eve purification device; the solid heat carrier (thermal conduction ball) 13 201031693 is separated from the solid product attached to the surface through the screen before being heated twice, and the solid state The bio-system is discharged from the cracker by a spiral belt, and the solid heat carrier is subjected to two underheating in the cracker by a loop device inside the cracker, and a secondary heating device is disposed in the cracker during the second heating. Other equipment and technology adopt the prior art. Embodiment 6: (4) The plastic is placed in the preheating system to preheat to make it melt, and the melted waste plastic is cracked at a rate of Q.5 每小时 per hour (4). (4) The heat carrier is looped in the cracker at a speed of 24 sensations per hour. The waste plastic is mixed with the waste plastic and moved in the same direction to crack the waste plastic. The gas obtained by cracking passes through the fixed catalytic bed. Line: secondary cracking, secondary cracking gas 'passing the tower, the obtained fraction is condensed and adjusted to obtain oil such as gasoline and diesel oil; the condensed non-condensable gas is introduced into the heating device and burned to provide the heat source of the cracker. After use, the high-temperature flue gas after combustion is dedusted and discharged by the dust removal equipment. The solid-g heat carrier is separated from the solid product attached to the surface thereof by a screen before being heated twice, and the solid product is discharged from the cracker by a spiral belt, and the solid heat carrier is utilized inside the cracker. The loop device is subjected to secondary heating in the cracker, and a secondary heating device is arranged in the cracker during the secondary heating. Other equipment and technologies use existing technology. Example 7: The waste plastic is pretreated and placed in a preheating system for preheating to obtain a molten state, and then hydrogen chloride (Ηα) is generated by absorption through an alkaline absorption tower, and the molten plastic is melted at a rate of 3 tons per hour. Pass into the cracker and add 201031693 Catalyst. The solid heat carrier is looped in the cracker at a speed of 8 ton per hour and mixed with waste plastic at the waste plastic inlet, and in the same direction in the cracker. Exercise and fully mixed, the waste plastic is cracked, the stomach solid heat carrier is 4 400-420 ° C, and the cracker is powered by the screw propeller to provide the power and solidification of the heat carrier; The obtained gas is subjected to secondary cracking through a fixed catalytic bed, and the secondary cracking gas is passed through a fractionation column, and the obtained fraction is left condensed and adjusted to obtain oils such as gasoline and diesel;
❹ 絰淨化密封處理後導入裂解器加熱裝置燃燒，燃燒後的高 /里煙礼經過除塵設備除塵，所得粉塵經壓縮加工作為建築 材料，通過除塵設備的煙氣進入換熱器通過導熱油將熱量 傳至原料預熱裝置’最後煙氣通過多級淨化裝置後排空； 固態載熱體被二次加熱前經過篩網分離出附著在其表面的 固態生成物，固態生成物通過螺旋帶排出裂解器，固態熱 載體通過裂解器内部的迴圈裝置在裂解器内進行二：： 熱’二次加熱時裂解器内有二次加熱裝置。在溶融狀廢塑 膠的入口係利用變距螺旋擠壓推進實行密封。其他設備和 技術採用現有技術。 實施例八： 將廢塑膠置入預熱系統進行預熱使其達到炫融狀，炼 融狀的廢塑膠以每小時1.5冑的速度通人裂解器中，同時 加入催化劑，固態載熱體以每小時6Q㈣速度在裂解器内 迴圈’在廢塑膠入口處與廢塑膠混合並在裂解器内同 動並混合，使該廢塑膠發生裂解，在㈣熱载_圈 處固態載熱體經過筛網分離出附著在其表面的固態：成 15 201031693 物，固態生成物係藉由蟫旌 ★ x ^ 螺旋帶排出裂解器，該固態熱載體 進入^{解器内部的迴圈梦 的码圈裝置並在裂解器内進行二次加熱， 一二人加熱時裂解器内有_ n ^ 有一-人加熱裝置，裂解器係藉由螺旋 推進機構為原料和固皞盤 ^ _ θ μ戰熱體冋向運動提供動力並加速使 m :' σ，&冑所得氣體通過分鶴塔，所得顧分經過冷 凝及調整得到汽油、柴油等油品；冷凝後的不凝氣經過燃 燒:為裂解器内的二次加熱裝置提供熱源，燃燒後的高溫 煙氣厶過除塵设備除塵，所得粉塵經壓縮加工作為建築材 料通過除塵5又備的煙氣通過多級淨化裝置後排空。其他 設備和技術採用現有技術。 實施例九： 將廢塑膠預處理後置入預n统進行預熱使其達到溶 融狀，之後經過鹼性吸收塔吸收產生的氣化氫（HCI)，熔融 狀的廢塑膠以每小時0.8噸的速度通入裂解器中，該固態 載熱體以每小時40噸的迴圈速度在廢塑膠入口處連續的與 廢塑膠相互混合’並在裂解器内同向運動，使廢塑膠發生 裂解’該固態載熱體溫度為380-400t，裂解器與水平面 係呈1 〇度夾角，使固態載熱體和原料在自身重力作用下同 向運動；裂解所得氣體通過固定催化床進行二次裂解，二 次裂解氣通過分餾塔，而冷凝後的不凝氣直接導入裂解器 加熱裝置内進行燃燒，為了保證燃燒過程的密封性不凝氣 在進入裂解器加熱裝置前進行水密封，燃燒後的高溫煙氣 經過除塵設備除塵，所得粉塵經壓縮加工作為建築材料， 通過除塵設備的煙氣進入換熱器通過導熱油將熱量傳至原 16 201031693 料預熱系統，最後煙氣通過多級淨化裝署德由 熱體在裂解器内進行二次加熱-前經過篩網分離出與龙、栽 排出裂解器的固態生成物，被加熱後的固態載 "起 解器内的迴圈裝置輸送回裂解器的廢塑膝入口處。 聚 備和技術採用現有技術。 其他設 又，本發明裂解過程採用的設備結構如下： 設備實施例一： ❿ 本實施例包括一外筒體及一内筒體，該内筒體 均與外筒體相ϋ ’該外筒體中裝有一加熱機構，讀外兩端 主體内壁上固定一螺旋帶。肖内筒體設置有與該筒體 料方向相反的一輸送機構，該輸送機構採用螺桿开心體送 内筒體的入口端設置將固態熱載體由與㈣體送二二該 的：提升機構。該外筒體内設置有分離裂解生成固熊二： 固態載熱體的—_分機構；該外筒體上有-油氣出: 與該篩分_相對應的—固態生成物出σ。 Μ 設備實施例二： 均與包括—外筒體及一内筒冑，該内筒體的兩端 主體内該外筒體中裝有一加熱機構，該外筒體 王體内壁上固定—硬&俄__ 螺紋帶。該内筒體外壁上裝有一加熱機 ，該外筒體内設置有與外筒體送料方向相反的一輸送機 機構採用螺桿形式。^筒體的人口端設置將 =二體由與外筒體送入内筒體的一提升機構。該外筒 體内設置有公—％ Λ ▲解生成的固態物與固態載熱體的一篩分 17 201031693 機構；該外筒體上有一油氣出 的一固態生成物出cr。 口以及與該篩分機構相對應 設備實施例三： 奇體的兩端 ，該外筒體 與外筒體送 於内筒體内 態熱載體由 内設置有分 ;外筒體上 態生成物出 本實施例包括一外筒體及—内筒體，該内 均與外筒體相通’該外筒體中裝有一加熱機構 主體内壁上固定—螺旋帶。該内筒體中設置有 料方向相反的-輸送機構’該輪送機構為固定 壁上的一螺旋帶。該内筒體的入口端設置將固 與外筒體送人内筒體的-提升機構。該外筒體 離裂解生成固態物與固態載熱體的一筛分機構 有-油氣出π以及與該筛分機構相對應的一固 設備實施例四： % I實施例包括一外筒體及-内筒體，該内筒體的兩端 均與外筒體相通，該外筒體中裝有一加熱機構，且該外筒 體主體内壁上固定-螺旋帶。該内筒體中設置有與外筒體 送料方向相反的-輸送機冑，該冑送機構為固定於内筒體 内壁上的一螺旋帶。且該内筒體的入口端設置將固態熱栽 =由與外筒體迗入内筒體的一導入機構，該導入機構為内 筒體入口端的固態熱載體導入機構為内筒體中的螺旋帶盘 其内筒體形成搜拌筒。該外筒體内設置有分離裂解生成固 態物與固態載熱體的一篩分機構；該外筒體上有一油氣出 口以及與該I帛分機構相對應的1 ·態生成物出口。 18 201031693 設備實施例五： … 本實施例包括一外筒體及一内筒體，該内筒體的兩端 均與外筒體相通，該外筒體中裝有一加熱機構，該外筒體 主體内壁上固定一螺旋帶。該内筒體中設置有與外筒體送 料方向相反的一輸送機構，該輸送機構為固定於内筒體内 壁上的一螺旋帶，而沿内筒體中心軸設置有—加熱機構， 且該内筒體的入口端設置將固態熱載體由與外筒體送入内 β筒體的一導入機構，該導入機構為内筒體入口端的固態熱 載體導入機構為内筒體中的螺旋帶與其内筒體形成攪拌 筒。該外筒體内設置有分離裂解生成固態物與固態載熱體 的篩分機構；該外筒體上有一油氣出口以及與該篩分機 構相對應的-固態生成物出口。油氣出口靠近外體 帶有原料入口的一端。 * 設備實施例六： 本實施例包括-外筒體及一内筒體，該内筒體的兩端 均與外筒體相it，該外筒體及内筒體中的至少一個裝有加 ::構’該外筒體主體内壁上固定一螺旋帶，肖内筒體設 與外筒體送料方向相反的一輪送機構，該内筒體的入 2與外筒體之間設置供固態熱載體用的—導人機構；外 離内設置有分離裂解生成的固態物與固態 :，料筒體上有一油氣出口及一固態生成物：口 ： ‘：：的分離機構為固定在内筒體入口端下方的筛網， /、 、、'°構採用上述實施例中的任意一種。 19 201031693 - 設備實施例七： 本實施例包括一外筒體及一内筒體，該内筒體的兩端 均與外筒體相通，該外筒體及内筒體中的至少一個裝有一 加熱機構，該外筒體主體内壁上固定一螺旋帶，該内筒體 設置有與外筒體送料方向相反的一輸送機構，該内筒體的 入口端設置與外筒體之間設置供送入固態熱載體的一導入 機構；該外筒體内設置有分離裂解生成的固態物與固態載 ® 熱體的一分離機構；該外筒體上有一油氣出口及一固態生 成物出口。本實施例的分離機構為固定在内筒體入口端處 的環形篩網，該篩網的外端設置有擋板，且該筛網與外筒 體之間藉由螺旋帶連接。本實施例的其巧結構採用上述實 施例中的任意一種。 設備實施例八： _纟實施例包括-外筒體及—内筒體，該外筒體主體直 徑較大，且該外筒體部分具有一螺旋帶固定在外筒體内壁 上二又該外筒體的右端藉由螺旋帶設有一呈環形的筛網， 該師網右端有一播板；再者，該外筒體的主體部分安裝在 外殼内’該外般兩端藉由一動密封與該外筒體連接。且該 外殼上具有熱載體的進口和出口。該外筒體主體兩端具有 直徑較小的延長部分，該延長部分上繞有一鍵輪，供該鍵 條與動力機構連接之用，且該延長部分藉由動密封分別與 右封頭相連接’該左封頭上設置有—進料口和一油氣 出口，該右封頭上設置有固態生成物的—排灰口。該外筒 20 201031693 體内具有沿該外筒體之軸埝# $ 丄 釉線设置的熱載體輸送管，該熱載 體輸送管兩端係穿出兩封頭， ^見該封頭藉由動密封相連接。 而於熱載體輸送管的週邊藉由瓸+ ^稽由螺旋帶固定有一内筒體，該 内筒體的左端與一進料口竹 一 竹位置對應，且該内筒體左端探於 環形篩網内。内筒體的右媼 — 端為—螺紋面，使該螺旋面的端 部與内側的螺旋帶以及内衿Μ > ββ ▼及内荀體之間形成攪拌筒，用以將固 態載熱體送至内筒體中。 參❹ 绖 Purification and sealing treatment is introduced into the cracker heating device for combustion. After burning, the high/liy smoke is dusted by the dust removal equipment, and the obtained dust is compressed and processed as building materials. The flue gas from the dust removal device enters the heat exchanger and heat is transferred through the heat transfer oil. Passed to the raw material preheating device 'The final flue gas is vented after passing through the multi-stage purification device; the solid heat carrier is separated from the solid product attached to the surface through the sieve before being heated twice, and the solid product is discharged through the spiral belt. The solid heat carrier is carried in the cracker through a loop device inside the cracker:: When the heat is double-heated, there is a secondary heating device in the cracker. In the inlet of the molten plastic waste, the sealing is carried out by using a variable pitch screw extrusion. Other equipment and technologies use existing technology. Embodiment 8: Putting waste plastic into a preheating system for preheating to achieve a sleek shape, and the smelt waste plastic is introduced into the cracker at a rate of 1.5 每小时 per hour while adding a catalyst, and the solid heat medium is 6Q (four) speed per hour in the cracker inside the cracker 'mixed with waste plastic at the waste plastic inlet and co-moved and mixed in the cracker to crack the waste plastic, in the (four) hot load _ circle solid heat body through the sieve The net separates the solid state attached to its surface: into 15 201031693, the solid product is discharged from the cracker by the 蟫旌★ x ^ spiral belt, and the solid heat carrier enters the circle loop device of the loop inside the solver And the secondary heating is carried out in the cracker. When one or two people are heated, there is a _ n ^ one-person heating device in the cracker, and the cracker is made up of a spiral propulsion mechanism as a raw material and a solid state disk ^ _ θ μ hot body 冋Powering the movement and accelerating the gas obtained by passing m : ' σ, & 胄 通过 through the crane tower, the obtained points are condensed and adjusted to obtain oil such as gasoline and diesel; the condensed non-condensable gas is burned: inside the cracker Secondary heating device Source, after the high-temperature combustion fumes Si through dust removal equipment, dust resulting compressed working as a building material by the flue gas after dedusting and 5 prepared by a multi-stage purification apparatus evacuated. Other equipment and technologies use existing technology. Example 9: The waste plastic is pretreated and placed in a pre-heating system to be preheated to obtain a molten state, and then the hydrogenated hydrogen (HCI) generated by the absorption of the alkaline absorption tower, and the molten plastic waste is 0.8 tons per hour. The speed is passed into the cracker. The solid heat carrier is continuously mixed with the waste plastic at the waste plastic inlet at a loop speed of 40 tons per hour and moves in the same direction in the cracker to crack the waste plastic. The temperature of the solid heat carrier is 380-400t, and the cracker and the horizontal plane are at an angle of 1 degree, so that the solid heat carrier and the raw material move in the same direction under the action of gravity; the gas obtained by the cracking is subjected to secondary cracking through a fixed catalytic bed. The secondary cracking gas passes through the fractionation tower, and the condensed non-condensable gas is directly introduced into the cracker heating device for combustion, in order to ensure the sealing property of the combustion process, the non-condensable gas is sealed before entering the cracker heating device, and the high temperature after combustion The flue gas is dedusted by the dust removing device, and the obtained dust is compressed and processed as a building material, and the flue gas passing through the dust removing device enters the heat exchanger and transfers the heat to the original through the heat conducting oil 16 201031693 Preheating system, finally the flue gas is reheated by the hot body in the cracker through the multi-stage purification equipment. The solid product generated by the cracker is separated from the dragon and the plant is discharged through the screen. "The loop device in the extractor is transported back to the waste plastic knee entrance of the cracker. The equipment and technology use existing technology. Other arrangements, the equipment structure of the cracking process of the present invention is as follows: Apparatus Example 1: ❿ This embodiment includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner cylinders are opposite to the outer cylinder 'the outer cylinder A heating mechanism is installed in the middle, and a spiral belt is fixed on the inner wall of the outer body of the outer end. The inner cylinder is provided with a conveying mechanism opposite to the direction of the cylinder material, and the conveying mechanism adopts a screw-like body to send the solid heat carrier from the inlet end of the inner cylinder to the (four) body: the lifting mechanism. The outer cylinder is provided with a separation and cracking to form a solid bear: a solid heat carrier - a sub-mechanism; the outer cylinder has - oil and gas out: corresponding to the sieve - solid product σ. Μ Equipment Embodiment 2: Both the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are included, and the outer cylinder of the inner cylinder is provided with a heating mechanism, and the outer cylinder is fixed on the inner wall of the cylinder - hard &;Russian __ thread belt. A heating machine is disposed on the outer wall of the inner cylinder, and a conveyor mechanism disposed in the outer cylinder opposite to the feeding direction of the outer cylinder is in the form of a screw. ^ The population end of the cylinder will be set to = a lifting mechanism that is fed into the inner cylinder from the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is provided with a public-% Λ ▲ solution to form a solid matter and a solid heat carrier. 17 201031693 mechanism; the outer cylinder has a solid product from the oil and gas out of the cr. Port and apparatus corresponding to the screening mechanism Embodiment 3: Both ends of the odd body, the outer cylinder and the outer cylinder are sent to the inner cylinder, and the heat carrier is provided with a part; the outer cylinder body is formed The present embodiment includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder, the inner portion being in communication with the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is provided with a fixed spiral belt on the inner wall of the heating mechanism body. The inner cylinder is provided with a conveying mechanism opposite to the material direction. The conveying mechanism is a spiral belt on the fixed wall. The inlet end of the inner cylinder is provided with a lifting mechanism that secures the outer cylinder to the inner cylinder. The outer cylinder has a screening mechanism for cracking the solid matter and the solid heat medium, and the oil gas is out of π and a solid device corresponding to the screening mechanism. Embodiment 4: The % I embodiment includes an outer cylinder and An inner cylinder having two ends connected to the outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder is provided with a heating mechanism, and the inner wall of the outer cylinder body is fixed with a spiral belt. The inner cylinder is provided with a conveyor 胄 opposite to the feeding direction of the outer cylinder, and the feeding mechanism is a spiral belt fixed to the inner wall of the inner cylinder. And the inlet end of the inner cylinder is provided with a solid heat pump = an introduction mechanism that is inserted into the inner cylinder from the outer cylinder, and the introduction mechanism is a solid heat carrier introduction mechanism of the inlet end of the inner cylinder is a spiral belt in the inner cylinder The inner cylinder of the disc forms a search cylinder. The outer cylinder is provided with a screening mechanism for separating and cracking solids and a solid heat carrier; the outer cylinder has an oil and gas outlet and a first state product outlet corresponding to the I. 18 201031693 Apparatus Embodiment 5: The present embodiment includes an outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body, both ends of which are connected to the outer cylinder body, and the outer cylinder body is provided with a heating mechanism, the outer cylinder body A spiral belt is fixed on the inner wall of the main body. The inner cylinder is provided with a conveying mechanism opposite to the feeding direction of the outer cylinder, the conveying mechanism is a spiral belt fixed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and a heating mechanism is arranged along the central axis of the inner cylinder, and the The inlet end of the inner cylinder is provided with an introduction mechanism for feeding the solid heat carrier from the outer cylinder into the inner β cylinder, and the introduction mechanism is a solid heat carrier introduction mechanism of the inlet end of the inner cylinder being a spiral belt in the inner cylinder and The inner cylinder forms a mixing drum. The outer cylinder is provided with a screening mechanism for separating and cracking to form a solid matter and a solid heat carrier; the outer cylinder has an oil and gas outlet and a solid product outlet corresponding to the screening mechanism. The oil and gas outlet is near the end of the outer body with the inlet of the raw material. * Apparatus Embodiment 6: This embodiment includes an outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body, both ends of which are connected to the outer cylinder body, and at least one of the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body is provided with ::The structure is fixed with a spiral belt on the inner wall of the outer cylinder body, and the inner inner cylinder body is provided with a wheel feeding mechanism opposite to the feeding direction of the outer cylinder body, and the solid heat is set between the inlet 2 and the outer cylinder of the inner cylinder body. The carrier used for the carrier; the solid body and the solid state formed by the separation and cracking are disposed in the outer chamber: the oil cylinder outlet has an oil and gas outlet and a solid product: the mouth: the separation mechanism of the ':: is fixed in the inner cylinder The screen below the inlet end, /, , , '° configuration adopts any of the above embodiments. 19 201031693 - Apparatus Embodiment 7: This embodiment includes an outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body, both ends of the inner cylinder body are in communication with the outer cylinder body, and at least one of the outer cylinder body and the inner cylinder body is provided with a a heating mechanism, a spiral belt is fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder body, and the inner cylinder body is provided with a conveying mechanism opposite to the feeding direction of the outer cylinder body, and the inlet end of the inner cylinder body is disposed between the outer cylinder body and the outer cylinder body An introduction mechanism for the solid heat carrier; the outer cylinder is provided with a separation mechanism for separating the solid matter generated by the cracking and the solid medium heat body; the outer cylinder has an oil and gas outlet and a solid product outlet. The separating mechanism of this embodiment is an annular screen fixed at the inlet end of the inner cylinder, the outer end of the screen is provided with a baffle, and the screen and the outer cylinder are connected by a spiral belt. The inventive structure of this embodiment adopts any one of the above embodiments. Apparatus Embodiment 8: The _纟 embodiment includes an outer cylinder body and an inner cylinder body, the outer cylinder body has a large diameter, and the outer cylinder body portion has a spiral belt fixed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and the outer cylinder The right end of the body is provided with a ring-shaped screen by a spiral belt, and the right end of the teacher net has a broadcast board; further, the main body part of the outer cylinder is installed in the outer casing; the outer ends are sealed by a movable seal The barrel is connected. And the housing has an inlet and an outlet for the heat carrier. The outer side of the outer cylinder body has a small diameter extension portion, and the extension portion has a key wheel for connecting the key strip to the power mechanism, and the extension portion is respectively connected to the right head by the dynamic seal The left head is provided with a feed port and an oil and gas outlet, and the right seal is provided with a solid waste-discharge port. The outer cylinder 20 201031693 has a heat carrier conveying pipe disposed along the axis 埝# 丄 glaze line of the outer cylinder body, and the two ends of the heat carrier conveying pipe are threaded out, and the head is moved by The seals are connected. An inner cylinder is fixed on the periphery of the heat carrier conveying pipe by a spiral belt, and the left end of the inner cylinder corresponds to a bamboo inlet and a bamboo inlet, and the left end of the inner cylinder is guided by the annular sieve. Inside the network. The right side of the inner cylinder - the end is a threaded surface, so that the end of the spiral surface and the inner spiral belt and the inner 衿Μ > ββ ▼ and the inner body form a mixing drum for the solid heat carrier Send to the inner cylinder. Reference
設備實施例九I 如第一圖至第/、圖所不，本實施例包括外筒體（13)及 内筒體（14) ’該外筒體（13)主體直徑較大，且該外筒體⑽ 部分具有《帶（16)設在外筒體（13)的内壁上，又該外筒體 (13) 的右端藉由—螺旋帶（18)裝有—呈環形㈣網㈣，該 篩網（26)的右端有-播板。再者，該外筒體（13)的主體部分 安裝在外殼内’該外殼兩端藉由動密封與外筒體⑴)連接。 且該外殼具有熱載體的-進口和一出該外筒體(13)主 體兩端有直徑較小的1長部分，該延長部分上繞設有-鏈輪（24)，該鏈輪藉㈣條（21)與—動力機構連接。且該延 長部分動密封（7)(8)分別與左、右封頭（5)(22)連接該左封 頭（5)上設置有-進料口（9)和—油氣出口⑽），該右封頭（22) 上設置有固態生成物的—排灰口 (25)。該内筒體。句具有沿 該外筒體（13)之轴線設置的熱載體輸送管（17)，且該内筒體 (14) 的兩端分別穿出兩封頭（5)(22)，並藉由兩封頭⑻⑽ 與動密封（7)(8)連接。在熱載體輸送f (π)的週邊通過螺旋 帶（15)固定有内筒體（14)’内筒體（14)的左端與進料口⑼位 21 201031693 置對應’其左端探於環形篩網(26)内。内筒體(14)的右端為 螺旋面，該螺旋面的端部與其内側的螺旋帶（1 5)以及内筒 體（14)之間形錢拌筒，用以將m態載熱體送至内筒體（14) 中。於外筒體（13)之左部的延長部分，$内筒體（14)的外壁 上固定有螺旋帶（12)，該螺旋帶（12)係用於將原料送至外筒 體（13)的主體部分。而於該外筒體（13)右部的延長部分外 筒體（13)的内壁上固定有螺旋帶（2〇)，該螺旋帶（2〇)用於將 與固態載熱體分離的固態生成物送至排灰口（25)之用。 ® 本實施例的原料送入後，與其中預置的固態載熱體混 合進入外筒體内進行裂解反應，生成的油氣由油氣出口排 出’而生成的固態物在篩網中進行分離後，該固態載熱體 再進入内筒體而返回外筒體左端，而與後續送入的原料相 ' 互混合，而再次參與裂解反應；而分離出的固態物可被輸 送至排灰口排出；藉此此以實現本發明連續工作的目的。 以上所述’僅是本發明的較佳實施例，並非對本發明 作任何形式上的限制，任何所屬技術領域中具有通常知識 ⑩ 者’若在不脫離本發明所提技術特徵的範圍内，利用本發 明所揭示技術内容所做出局部更動或修飾等效實施例，並 且未脫離本發明的技術特徵内容’均仍屬於本發明技術特 徵範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 第一圖：為本發明實施例一的流程圖。 第二圖：為本發明設備實施例九的部分剖視圖。 第三圖：為本發明第二圖的A-A側視圖。 22 201031693 第四圖··為本發明第二圖的篩網和内筒體部分的右視 立體圖。 第五圖：為本發明第二圖篩網的部分剖視圖。 第六圖：為本發明第二圖内筒體右部的主視圖。DEVICE EMBODIMENT IX I As in the first to fourth figures, the present embodiment includes an outer cylinder (13) and an inner cylinder (14). The outer cylinder (13) has a larger diameter body and the outer portion The cylinder (10) has a portion (the belt (16) is disposed on the inner wall of the outer cylinder (13), and the right end of the outer cylinder (13) is mounted by the spiral belt (18) - a ring (four) mesh (four), the sieve At the right end of the net (26) there is a broadcast board. Further, the main body portion of the outer cylinder (13) is mounted in the outer casing, and both ends of the outer casing are connected to the outer cylinder (1) by a dynamic seal. And the outer casing has a heat carrier-inlet and a second outer portion of the outer cylinder body (13) having a smaller diameter at both ends, and the extension portion is provided with a sprocket (24), and the sprocket borrows (4) The strip (21) is connected to the power mechanism. And the extension part of the dynamic seal (7) (8) is respectively connected with the left and right heads (5) (22). The left head (5) is provided with a - feed port (9) and an oil and gas outlet (10). The right head (22) is provided with a solid discharge product (25). The inner cylinder. The sentence has a heat carrier conveying pipe (17) disposed along the axis of the outer cylinder (13), and the two ends of the inner cylinder body (14) respectively pass through the two heads (5) (22) by The two heads (8) (10) are connected to the dynamic seals (7) (8). The left end of the inner cylinder (14) is fixed to the periphery of the heat carrier transport f (π) by the spiral belt (15). The left end of the inner cylinder (14) is corresponding to the feed port (9) position 21 201031693. Within the net (26). The right end of the inner cylinder (14) is a spiral surface, and the end of the spiral surface is formed with a coin mixing cylinder between the inner spiral belt (15) and the inner cylinder (14) for sending the m-state heat carrier Into the inner cylinder (14). On the extension of the left portion of the outer cylinder (13), a spiral belt (12) is attached to the outer wall of the inner cylinder (14), and the spiral belt (12) is used to feed the raw material to the outer cylinder (13). The main part of the). And a spiral belt (2〇) is fixed on the inner wall of the outer portion of the outer cylinder (13) of the outer portion of the outer cylinder (13), and the spiral belt (2〇) is used for separating the solid body from the solid heat medium. The product is sent to the ash discharge port (25). After the raw material of this embodiment is fed, it is mixed with the preset solid heat carrier to enter the outer cylinder for cracking reaction, and the generated oil and gas is discharged from the oil and gas outlet, and the solid matter formed is separated in the sieve. The solid heat carrier enters the inner cylinder and returns to the left end of the outer cylinder, and is mixed with the subsequently fed raw material to participate in the cracking reaction again; and the separated solid matter can be transported to the ash discharge port; This is used to achieve the object of continuous operation of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any one of ordinary skill in the art can be utilized without departing from the technical features of the present invention. The partial changes or modifications of the equivalent embodiments made by the present disclosure, and which do not depart from the technical features of the present invention, are still within the technical scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The first figure is a flow chart of the first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the ninth embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. Third drawing: A side view of the A-A of the second drawing of the present invention. 22 201031693 Fig. 4 is a right side perspective view of the screen and inner cylinder portion of the second drawing of the present invention. Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the screen of the second embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a front elevational view of the right portion of the barrel of the second embodiment of the present invention.
【主要元件符號說明】 (1)托輪支架座 (2)托輪支架 (3)封頭支腿 (4)托輪支架座 (5)左封頭 (6)托輪支架 (7)動密封 (8)動密封 (9)進料口 (1 0)油氣出口 (11)滾輪 (12)螺旋帶 (13)外筒體 (14)内筒體 (15)螺旋帶 (16)螺旋帶 (17)熱載體輸送管 (18)螺旋帶 (19)抄板 (20)螺旋帶 (21)鏈條 (22)右封頭 (23)滾輪 (24)鏈輪 (25)排灰口 (26)篩網 (27)保溫層 (28)螺旋帶 23[Description of main components] (1) Support bracket (2) Support bracket (3) Head support (4) Support bracket (5) Left head (6) Support bracket (7) Dynamic seal (8) Dynamic seal (9) Feed port (10) Oil and gas outlet (11) Roller (12) Spiral belt (13) Outer cylinder (14) Inner cylinder (15) Spiral belt (16) Spiral belt (17 ) heat carrier tube (18) spiral belt (19) copy board (20) spiral belt (21) chain (22) right head (23) roller (24) sprocket (25) ash outlet (26) screen (27) Insulation layer (28) spiral belt 23