201020401 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域：！ 發明領域 本發明係有關於一種可防止泵内因為異物而堵塞之 泉。更詳而言之，係有關於一種將内襯改良，使異物可滑 順地通過泵内之泵。 【先前技術：3 發明背景 β 背景技術 目前已有各種直接配置於水門之門體等上且設在水路 中的水中泵，例如具代表性之閘泵（本申請人之註冊商 標）。這種水中泵，一般包含有：吸入鐘形口、葉輪、前置 引導葉片或後置引導葉片、吐出殼體、及瓣閥等。 泵一般配置成縱向或橫向，不過不論哪一型態，抽水 及排水泵均無法避免將異物吸入泵内。這些異物，即塵垢 類，一旦被吸入泵内，將黏附在葉輪和輪轂等上，妨礙泵 ⑩ 運轉。 塵垢類被吸入泵内後，如果可與水流一齊通過，則不 構成任何問題。然而，當塵垢類一直黏在泵之葉輪和輪轂 等上而並不脫離時，或者卡入葉輪與殼體或内襯之間間隙 時，雖然因為旋轉動力變大，防止過載裝置等安全裝置就 會啟動，使泵停止，但是如果發生次數太頻繁就會造成問 題。 為求防止這類不理想情況發生，以往會在泵上游側水 201020401 路設置除塵設備，盡量防止塵垢類侵入，使異物不會被吸 入泵内。又，若欲使塵垢類更容易通過泵内，已知可在泵 側使用後掠式翼片來加大與内襯之間間隙。再者，還有人 提出準備2台泵，當第1台泵發生堵塞情形時，可藉由連通 管與閥使堵塞側之泵產生逆洗流以消除堵塞的方法（例 如，專利文獻1)。此外，亦有人提出一種在殼體上，於視 葉輪特性而定之方向上設置槽，使異物容易通過的污水泵 (例如，專利文獻2)。 【專利文獻1】日本專利公開公報特開平9 324799號201020401 VI. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs:! FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a spring that prevents clogging in a pump due to foreign matter. More specifically, there is a pump that improves the lining so that foreign matter can smoothly pass through the pump. [Prior Art: 3 Background of the Invention] Background Art There are various underwater pumps that are directly disposed on a door or the like of a water gate and are provided in a waterway, such as a representative gate pump (registered trademark of the applicant). Such underwater pumps generally include: a suction bell mouth, an impeller, a front guide vane or a rear guide vane, a spout housing, and a flap valve. Pumps are generally configured for longitudinal or lateral orientation, but in either case, pumping and drain pumps are not able to draw foreign objects into the pump. These foreign matter, that is, dirt, will be adhered to the impeller, the hub, etc., once they are sucked into the pump, preventing the pump 10 from operating. When the dirt is sucked into the pump, it does not pose any problem if it can pass together with the water flow. However, when the grime has been stuck to the impeller and the hub of the pump without being detached, or when it is caught in the gap between the impeller and the casing or the lining, although the rotational power is increased, the safety device such as the overload device is prevented. It will start and stop the pump, but it will cause problems if it occurs too often. In order to prevent such undesired situations, dust removal equipment will be installed in the upstream water side of the pump 201020401 to prevent the intrusion of dust and dirt, so that foreign matter will not be sucked into the pump. Further, if it is desired to make the dirt more easily pass through the pump, it is known to use a swept-back flap on the pump side to increase the gap with the lining. Further, it has been proposed to prepare two pumps. When the first pump is clogged, a method of backwashing the pump on the plugged side by the communication pipe and the valve can be used to eliminate the clogging (e.g., Patent Document 1). Further, there has been proposed a sewage pump in which a groove is provided in a direction depending on the characteristics of the impeller to allow foreign matter to easily pass (for example, Patent Document 2). [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 9 324799
【專利文獻2】曰本專利公開公報特開平7 35〇82號 C發明内容;J 發明概要 發明欲解決課題 然而’雖然、在上游側水路設置除塵設備以防止可能被 吸入泵狀塵職狀的方法，具有其-纽果，但是有 3又備成本尚m須確保上游水路具找置設備之空間 等等問題。利㈣塵設備並無法完全除去塵垢類，而且穿 過除塵設備之_並騎風㈣飛制除紐備與泵之間 之水路的塵垢類等將被吸入果内。 因此，為提高塵垢類通過性，過去是加大果之葉輪與 内襯之間間隙。然'而，這卻成為顯著降低泵效率的原因。 又’备無論如何都無法除去黏錢之葉輪上之異物時，就 將泵回收到水路外，進行除去異物等之維修。又，使用2台 泵以藉逆洗流消除堵塞的方法相於如人孔泵的水中果， 201020401 雖然可縮短消除堵塞之時間，但卻是結構複雜成本高的系 統。 此外，在殼體上設置槽來除去異物的方法，卻也會削 弱殼體結構，助長磨損，且可能發生故障而大大損害泵功 能，甚至產生必須更換泵本身之情形。 本發明是有鑑於前述技術背景而作成者，可達成下述 目的0[Patent Document 2] Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. The method has its own - New Zealand fruit, but there are three problems, such as the need for the cost of the upstream waterway to find the equipment. Li (4) dust equipment can not completely remove the dirt, and the dust and the like that pass through the dust removal equipment and ride the wind (4) to remove the water path between the new preparation and the pump will be sucked into the fruit. Therefore, in order to improve the passage of dust, in the past, the gap between the impeller and the inner liner of the fruit was increased. However, this has become a significant cause of pump efficiency. In addition, when it is impossible to remove the foreign matter on the impeller of the sticky money anyway, the pump is recovered outside the waterway, and maintenance such as removal of foreign matter is performed. In addition, the use of two pumps to eliminate the blockage by backwashing is equivalent to the water in the manhole pump. 201020401 can shorten the time to eliminate the blockage, but it is a complicated and costly system. In addition, the method of arranging grooves on the casing to remove foreign matter also weakens the structure of the casing, contributes to wear, and may cause malfunctions that greatly impair the pump function and even cause the pump itself to be replaced. The present invention has been made in view of the above technical background, and can achieve the following objectives.
本發明目的在於提供一種不用加大葉輪與内襯之間的 間隙，不致降低泵效率，並可使異物滑順地通過的泵。 本發明另一目的在於提供一種可藉著使黏附在葉輪之 異物粉碎或強制剝除來除去異物，且使異物滑順地通過泵 内的泵。 本發明再另一目的在於提供一種可精簡除塵設備等， 使水路系統整體設備成為低成本且易維修之結構的泵。 用以解決課題之手段 本發明第1態樣之泵，係設置在水路中，且具有可將自 流入侧吸人之水吐出之葉輪者，其特徵在於：該泵包含有. 内襯’係與前«輪相對，並設在前輕之贿内部者； 及異物捕捉體，係設在該内襯之㈣，並且可捕捉與水一 齊被吸入夾雜之異物，使該異物通過前述泵内者。異物捕 捉體可將進人葉輪與内_之_:的異物除去或粉碎。 本發明第2態樣之泵，如本發明第i態樣其中前述 物捕捉體是1個以上之凸構件，前述凸構件與前述葉輪之外 周緣部相對，並突出設置於前述_之㈣之—部份上。 201020401 利用前述凸構件可將黏附在葉輪等上之異物除去或粉碎。 或者’利用則述凸構件可強制地使進入葉輪與内概間之間 隙的異物通過排出間隙。 本發明第3態樣之泵，如本發明第1態樣，其中前述異 物捕捉體是1個以上之凹部，前述凹部與前述葉輪之外周緣 部相對，並於前述内襯之内周之一部份上沿著與前述葉輪 旋轉方向交又之方向設置成槽或孔。利用前述槽或孔可將 黏附在葉輪等上之異物除去或粉碎。或者，利用前述槽或 孔可強制地使進入葉輪與内襯間之間隙的異物通過排出間 隙。於前述内襯之内周上，設置丨個以上前述凸構件及1個 以上前述凹部的結構更具效果。設置不同之2種異物捕捉 體’可進一步提高除去效果。 本發明第4態樣之泵’如本發明第2態樣，其中前述凸 構件是於突出部分，沿著前述捕捉到之異物之移動方向設 有傾斜面者。該傾斜面在緩緩壓碎並切斷異物上甚具效 果。 本發明第5態樣之泵，係設置在水路中，且具有可將自 流入側吸人之水吐出之葉輪者，其賴在於：該泵包含有： 可動内襯，係與前述葉輪相對並設在前述杲之殼體内部， 且分割成多數而各可沿前述葉輪之半徑方向移動者；及保 ^體，係設在前述殼體之内，用以保持前述可動内襯，使 月』述可動内襯可移動者。如果異物黏附在葉輪之前端，葉 輪之旋轉力會將異物朝半徑方向壓。可動内襯可移動使 間隙擴大，於是異物可_通過。由於不必固^地擴大間 201020401 隙，所以在提高紐率上，甚具效果。 本發明第6態樣之泉，如本發明第5態樣，其中前述可 =概在前述殼體内部由彈性_與朝_葉_移動之 2 ’且保持妓位。雖然可利用葉輪之旋轉力將異物朝 向壓之可動内襯可移動，不過藉由前述彈性體可使 異物通過後之可動_回復原本狀雜。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a pump which does not increase the gap between the impeller and the lining, does not reduce the pump efficiency, and allows the foreign matter to pass smoothly. Another object of the present invention is to provide a pump which can remove foreign matter by pulverizing or forcibly removing foreign matter adhering to the impeller, and allowing foreign matter to smoothly pass through the pump. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a pump which can simplify the dust removing apparatus and the like, and make the waterway system as a low-cost and easy-to-maintain structure. Means for Solving the Problem A pump according to a first aspect of the present invention is provided in a water passage and has an impeller capable of discharging water sucked from an inflow side, wherein the pump includes a lining. It is opposite to the former « wheel and is set in the former light bribe; and the foreign body catching body is set in the inner lining (4), and can capture the foreign matter that is inhaled together with the water, so that the foreign matter passes through the aforementioned pump. . The foreign matter trapping body can remove or pulverize foreign matter entering the impeller and the inside. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the object capturing body is one or more convex members, and the convex member is opposed to a peripheral portion of the impeller, and is protruded from the (4) - Partially. 201020401 The foreign material adhered to the impeller or the like can be removed or pulverized by the above-mentioned convex member. Alternatively, by using the male member, the foreign matter entering the gap between the impeller and the inner portion can be forcibly passed through the discharge gap. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the foreign matter trapping body is one or more recessed portions, and the recessed portion is opposed to a peripheral edge portion of the impeller and is located in one of inner circumferences of the inner liner. The portion is disposed in a groove or a hole in a direction intersecting with the direction of rotation of the impeller. The foreign matter adhered to the impeller or the like can be removed or pulverized by the aforementioned grooves or holes. Alternatively, the foreign matter entering the gap between the impeller and the inner liner can be forcibly passed through the discharge gap by the aforementioned groove or hole. It is more effective to provide a structure in which one or more of the above-mentioned convex members and one or more of the above-mentioned concave portions are provided on the inner circumference of the inner liner. The removal of the two different foreign matter traps can further improve the removal effect. According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the invention, the convex member is a protruding portion, and an inclined surface is provided along a moving direction of the captured foreign matter. This inclined surface has an effect on slowly crushing and cutting off foreign matter. A pump according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is provided in a waterway and has an impeller capable of discharging water sucked from the inflow side, and the pump comprises: a movable lining, which is opposite to the impeller Provided in the inside of the casing of the crucible, and divided into a plurality of parts, each of which is movable in a radial direction of the impeller; and a securing body, which is disposed in the casing to hold the movable lining to make the moon The movable lining is movable. If the foreign matter adheres to the front end of the impeller, the rotational force of the impeller will press the foreign object toward the radial direction. The movable lining is movable to expand the gap, so that foreign matter can pass. Since it is not necessary to expand the gap between 201020401, it is very effective in increasing the rate. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the foregoing may be held by the elastic _ and the _ leaf _ 2' inside the casing. Although the movable lining of the foreign matter can be moved by the rotational force of the impeller, the movable body can be moved back to the original state by the aforementioned elastic body.
本發明第7態樣之泵，如本《第5態樣，其中於前述 保持體之内周之-部份上突出設置以上之與前述葉輪 之外周緣部相制凸構件。_前述凸構件可將黏附在葉 輪等上之異物除去或粉碎H顧前述凸構件可強制 地使進入葉輪與内襯間之間隙的異物通過排出間隙。 本發明第8態樣之系，如本發明第5態樣，其中於前述 可動内襯之内周之-部份上突出設置】個以上之與前述葉 輪之外周緣部相對的凸構件。利用前述凸構件可將黏附在 葉輪等上之異物除去或粉碎。 本發明第9態樣之泵，如本發明第5態樣，射於前述 可動内襯之内周之-部份上，沿著與前述葉輪旋轉方向交 又之方向設置1個以上之與前述葉輪之外周緣部相對之槽 或孔的凹部。利用前述槽或孔可將黏附在葉輪等上之異物 除去或粉碎。或者，利用前述槽或孔可強制地使進入葉輪 與内襯間之間隙的異物通過排出間隙。 本發明第10態樣之泵，如本發明第5態樣，其中前述保 持體為環狀橡膠體，且可保持前述可動内襯。橡膠體之彈 性變形’具有可使可動内襯移動之功能。 201020401 本發明第11態樣之泵，如本發明第5態樣，其中前述可 動内襯是將被環狀橡膠體分割之多數内襯構件固定而形 成，且可藉由前述環狀橡膠體之彈性變形而移動的内襯。 前述可動内襯本身可彈性變形，使内襯構件與葉輪相對。 本發明第12態樣之泵，如本發明第6態樣，其中前述彈 性體是設在前述保持體或前述可動内襯之彈簧體，且可賦 與前述可動内襯勢能。 本發明第13態樣之泵，如本發明第6態樣，其中前述彈 性體是設在前述保持體與前述可動内襯之間之環狀橡膠 體’且可賦與前述可動内襯勢能。 發明效果 本發明之泵’係藉著在泵内之内襯環之一部份上設有 凸構件或槽，或者使内襯環可移動，而可將黏附在葉輪與 内襯環之異物除去。結果，含有異物之水遂可滑順地流過 果内。因此’例如頻繁地將水中泵撈出水面上以除去水中 泵之黏附異物這類維修作業的次數就大幅減少，使泵之運 轉時間增加。此外，不但用以除去異物之結構簡單，而且 上游之除塵設備亦可精簡，於是設置於水路上之設備整體 的成本很低。 【資施方式】 用以實施發明之最佳形態 以下，依圖式說明本發明之實施形態。第1圖到第24 圖是以各種形態來顯示本發明之泵之結構的部分截面圖。 本實施形態乃是說明作為水中泵運用之泵之範例。水中泵 201020401 是設置在水路中，且可強制地使一邊水路之水朝另—邊水 路如箭頭所示流動者’而水中泵一般有橫軸型式和縱軸型 式。水中泵1藉可旋轉葉輪2以產生水流，而該葉輪2之可旋 轉葉片3之前端部3a配置成與設在水中泵1之殼體4内壁的 内襯環5相對並近接。葉輪2亦包括葉片在内均稱為葉輪。 内襯環5為硬質材，形成環狀，且固定於殼體4之内壁 或由其保持成可動狀態。與葉輪2之葉片3之前端部3a近接 的間隙X，在不妨礙旋轉之範圍内盡量縮小。例如，1到 2mm。如果該間隙乂小，泵效率佳，如果該間隙χ大，則泵 效率差。本實施形態將說明橫轴之水中泵。又，本實施形 態是舉適用於閘泵之後掠式翼片之範例來說明。另，水中 泵本身之功能、構造已為公知，所以省略其詳細說明。 第25圖、第26圖是顯示習知水中泵之一般結構的部分 截面圖。第26圖是沿第25圖F-F線截取之截面圖。由於藉 由馬達旋轉軸而可旋轉之葉輪5〇運轉，水路之水可朝箭頭 方向流動（參照第25圖）。葉輪50之葉片51之前端部51a， 與於水中泵之殼體52内壁設成環狀之内襯環53近接，並可 朝箭頭方向旋轉（參照第26圖）。葉輪50之葉片51之前端部 51a與内襯環53内面之間，如圖所示具有間隙（縫隙）γ。 該等圖中’係於殼體52上設有内襯環53之結構，不過亦有 很多習知例是殼體内壁直接與葉輪50之葉片51之前端部 51a相對的結構。 内襯環53與葉片51之前端部51a近接的内面側形成平 滑。第26圖顯示異物54黏附在葉片51之前端部51a而與内襯 201020401 環53近接的狀態。該異物54是木材、塑膠、浮游物各種 產業廢棄物、工廠和家庭排出之垃圾等等。該異物54黏附 在葉片51之前端部51a’且沿著内襯環53内面摩擦並持續旋 轉，無法除去。 葉片51之-部份黏附到異物54的情形如果經過糾 . 間，就會導致内襯環53將異物54朝葉片51側擠壓，造成葉 片51損傷’或成為葉片51磨損之原因。尤其係結 與殼體相對時，殼體相較於内襯環，為軟質材所以損傷 程度大。此狀態-旦更加惡化’就需要所需以上之泵旋轉 ^ 動力，遂造成安全裝置啟動’使系停止，不過有時此狀態 就會使泵不能旋轉而停止β本發明正可防止這種狀態。 (實施形態1) 第1圖、第2圖所示者’係將本發明特徵之凸構件6設在 内襯環5時之範例。第2圖是沿第心一 Α線截取之截面 圖。凸構件6嵌入固定於内襯環5之一部份。雖未圖示但 是此嵌入固定方式是螺固、壓入、利用接著劑來接著或熔 接等又i接安裝於内襯環等方法亦可。前述凸構件6為 ❹ 硬質圓柱體，於内襯環5之内側設有！個或多個。圓柱體之 一部份從内襯環5内面朝内側構成長度不致干擾葉片3之突 出凸46a，用以捕捉異物7。在此，凸構件6雖為圓柱體（管 體），但是並不限於圓柱體。 〃只要是凸狀者即可’其形狀不拘。當葉輪2朝箭頭方向 ^轉時，黏附在葉輪2之葉片3之前端部3a的異物7，將卡到 則述凸構件6上。卡住之異物7會黏附在凸構件6上而自葉片 10 201020401 3上用除，或者藉者旋轉水流使異物7脫離葉片3及内概環 5，並通過泵内。 (實施形態2) 第3圖第4圖所不者為另一實施形態，係將本發明特 徵之凹部，即槽8設在内襯環9時之範例。第4圖是沿第3圖 Β-Β線截取之截面圖。槽8於内_9之内面，沿 設成缺口狀，减跨_環9之寬向。該缺口部為大致v字 型之缺口形狀，流向之槽面端部為垂直，構成可捕捉並粉 碎黏附在葉3上之異物7的邊緣。前述槽8於_環9上 有1處或多處。 與前述實施形態同樣地，當葉輪2朝箭頭方向旋轉時， 黏附在葉輪2之葉片3之前端部3&的異物7將卡到前述槽8 上。卡住之異物7會黏附在槽8且被粉碎而自葉片3上清除， 或者藉著旋轉水流使異物7脫離葉片3及内襯環9，並通過泵 内再自吐出口排出。雖然前述槽8之形狀是於内襯環9上形 成大致V字型之缺口形狀，不過並不限於此形狀。又，前述 雖然說明凹部為槽，不過亦可不是槽而是孔。 如此一來，黏附在葉片3之前端部3&之異物7會滑過内 襯環9内周，與葉片3之前端部3a—齊地繞内襯環9内周旋 轉，並受到槽8干擾。受到槽8干擾之異物7會因為第丨次之 干擾而粉碎並通過’或被強制地送入葉片3與内襯環9之間 的間隙且一氣呵成地通過該間隙或者不碰到該間隙地通過 系内。又，異物在光靠一次干擾並無法完全粉碎，或即使 被壓入間隙卻無法完全脫離，仍然黏附在葉片3上地繞内襯 201020401 環9内周旋轉時，會在受到槽8數次干擾當中，被粉碎或脫 離葉片3與内襯環9之間間隙，或不碰到該間隙地通過泵内。 (實施形態3) 第5圖、第6圖是又另一實施形態之圖，其顯示使内襯 環可移動時之範例。第6圖是沿第5圖C- C線截取之截面 圖。本實施形態之水中泵是2個殼體之間夾住固定内襯外罩 10作為保持體的結構。内襯環是由該内襯外罩1〇與塊部件 10a加以保持。又，雖未圖示，不過内襯外罩與塊部件 是利用螺检固定於殼趙，成為挾持内襯環，使内襯環可移 φ 動之結構，如此遂可輕易組裝内襯環。 該内襯環分割為4個，各自構成可動内襯η。前述可動 内襯11 ’係由設在固定於殼體側之内襯外罩1〇上之銷狀的 停止旋轉用構件12保持，俾不致朝旋轉方向移動。停止旋 轉用構件12是螺固於内襯外罩1〇之銷體。於可動内概。之 —部份上開設孔，再將停止旋轉用構件12之一部份嵌入該 孔，以限制可動内襯11朝葉輪2之旋轉方向移動的情形。 又，分割之可動内襯11係由固定在殼體之内襯外罩1〇與塊 馨 部件10a限制於葉輪2之旋轉轴線方向上。 又’沿著橫切葉輪2之旋轉軸線方向之方向，於可動内 襯11上設置構成段差之翼部11a，俾卡止於内襯外罩1〇及塊 部件10a ’如此可防止可動内襯11朝葉輪2側脫離。又可 動内襯11與内襯外罩10之間，於橫切葉輪2之旋轉軸線方向 之方向上具有空隙Z。該空隙Z之尺寸可設定直到例如約 l〇mm為止。因此，分割之可動内襯丨丨縱使是分割狀態，仍 12 201020401 可保持在定位上，呈可動狀態，而不會自内❹卜㈣脫離。 另-方面，内概外罩ίο夾著停止旋轉用構件並於兩 側設有彈簧體13，該彈簧體13與可動内襯u對峙且按壓可 動内概U。—般水流時，各可動_11被保持成以停止旋 轉用構件12為支點在其與内概外罩10之間由翼部Ua支 持，且藉2個彈簧體13之彈力維持均等空隙z。 當異物7被吸入泵内並黏附在葉片3時，如第6圖所示， 如果異物7按壓可動内襯之一端’可動内襯u便可移動， 抗拒彈簧體13之彈力而朝殼體側，即内襯外罩1〇之半徑方 向之箭頭E方向退避。此移動量如前所述，可移動約1〇mm。 因此，此時由於葉片3與可動内襯U之間間隙擴大，所以異 物7就會自葉片3脫離。又，即使並沒有脫離，異物7通過時 之間隙，在通過各可動内襯11期間，由於通過彈簧體13部 份時擴大而通過停止旋轉用構件12部份時則縮小，所以反 覆擴大縮小’異物就會在此期間脫離。 當沒有異物7時呈現一般狀態，並可確保最小間隙。雖 未圖示’不過與前述實施形態同樣地，各可動内襯11在可 動内襯11内面上可設置槽或凸構件。此時，不但可擴大間 隙’而且更容易除去異物，泵之通過性變好。 (實施形態4) 第7圖、第8圖是可動内襯結構之另一實施形態，其顯 不設有凸構件時之範例。第8圖是沿第7圖D- D線截取之截 面圖°本例之凸構件14亦是單體形式，與前述情況同樣地， 凸構件14安裝在内襯外罩10之内周部，並固定成不致干擾 13 201020401 葉片3之狀態。凸構件14與葉片3間之間隙只要在可動内襯 11之可動範圍内，配合設成例如10mm以下即可。 此凸構件14設置成相對於可動内襯11，較靠流入側， 所以異物7在被送到可動内襯11之前，可被粉碎成i〇mm以 下。已粉碎之異物7在可動内襯11之作用下，通過泵内。本 實施形態中，在凸構件14與可動内襯11配合之加倍效果 下，更易除去異物，並使泵内通過性變好。又，雖未圖示， 不過可動内襯11上亦可設置與前述實施形態同樣之缺口狀 槽或凸構件。該等槽、凸構件之結構、效果與前述形態相 © 同，所以省略其詳細說明。 (實施形態5) 第9圖、第10圖是顯示可動内襯結構之又另一實施形態 的圖。第10圖是沿第9圖E- E線截取之截面圖。本結構係利 用销16於2個殻體上挾持分割成4個之各可動内襯15，呈可 動狀態。可動内概15可以銷16為中心，朝葉輪2之半徑方向 搖動。銷16固定在殼體側，並嵌入設在可動内襯丨5上之槽 孔15a。該槽孔15a為橢圓狀槽孔。可動内襯15藉由該槽孔 ◎ 15a可相對銷16沿半徑方向朝遠離葉輪2之方向位移。 可動内襯15在與槽孔15a相反之側的另一端設有止動 器17,呈現卡止於分割之其他可動内襯15之槽孔15a之肩部 15b的狀態。又，在橫跨該等4個同樣結構之可動内襯15外 周部全部，掛上拉伸線圈彈簧18。因此，4個可動内襯15不 會朝外周側打開，且也被限制於止動器17而不會朝内周側 突出，可保持定位，並被賦與朝葉輪旋轉轴方向移動之勢 14 201020401 能。 第11圖是顯示異物7黏附在葉片3上之狀態的圖。由於 異物7’可動内襯15抗拒線圈彈簧18賦與之勢能而使外周隆 起。可動内襯15藉由槽孔15a可由銷16引導朝外周半徑方向 移動，擴大與葉片3間之間隙。當異物7到達可動内襯15具 有止動器17之端部時，間隙變成最大，於是可除去異物7。 刚述中說明銷16設置在殼體，但是亦可與前述實施形態同 樣地設在保持體。又，亦可將殼體與保持體視為一體。 ❹ （實施形態6) 第12圖、第13圖所示者為實施形態丨之變形例的部份截 面圖。凸構件6於内襯環之内周部多處設置i個以上之情形 與前述一樣，不過特徵在於凸構件6設有傾斜角。即，第12 圖中’沿水流流向，使凸構件6與葉片3之前端部3&相對之 面〇p6b具有朝葉片3側突出的預定角度傾斜面。隨著葉輪2 旋轉’葉片3之前端部3a會相對於傾斜面，相位偏移地相對 地移動。 © 異物7黏附在葉片3時之前端部仏沿傾斜面移動，因此 逐漸地與傾斜面間之間隙縮小，成為擠壓異物7之狀態。在 此狀態時，-旦異物7到達傾斜面之端部，就會被截斷變成 切斷狀態。又，即使沒被截斷，還是可確實地將異物7朝流 向推去。當該異物7如為詩瓶或果汁技科，可有效地 處理。第13圖中’凸構件6之面部6〇是朝葉輪2旋轉方向傾 斜預定角度之傾斜面。異物會被推向旋轉方向且在面部 6c之端部被切斷。 15 201020401 (實施形態7) 第14〜16圖所示者為實施形態3之變形例的部份截面 圖。第15圖是沿第14圖G_ G線截取之截面圖，第16圖則是 顯示異物黏附在葉片上之狀態。内襯環分割為4個，沿内襯 外罩19之内周配置。該等分割之各内襯環構成可動内襯 20，可相互地移動。各可動内襯20，係由固定於内襯外罩 19之止轉螺栓21支持，呈無法旋轉狀態。又，相鄰之可動 内襯20彼此可藉彈簧體22相互拉近。 又，可動内襯20之端部具有傾斜部2〇a，可與相鄰之可 ❹ 動内襯20疊合。彈簧體22由一邊之可動内襯2〇支持且藉 由螺检23而由另一邊之可動内襯20保持。該彈簧體22為壓 縮線圈彈簧’因此-般是藉彈簧體22賦與之勢能而呈現相 互拉近之狀態。 螺栓23插通2個可動内襯2〇之間，且端部由螺帽24固 定’而可在與另-可動内襯2〇之間移動。彈簧體22被夾在 該螺栓23之另’與可動内襯2()之端部之間。該彈普體22 為壓縮彈簧，被賦與經常朝外方移動之勢能，可將可㈣ ❹ 襯20相互拉近。該彈簧體22之賦與勢能，可透過設在螺栓 23端部之螺帽24之螺緊程度來調整。當異物？黏附到葉片3 上時’如第16圖所示，可動内襯2〇會抗拒彈簧體22之賦與 勢能而朝内概外罩19側靠近。此時，疊合之傾斜部20a就會 分離。結果，葉片3與可動内襯2〇間之間隙擴大於是可除 去異物7。 (實施形態8) 16 201020401 第Π〜20圖所示者亦為實施形態3之變形例的部份截面 圖。第18圖是沿第17圖Η-Η線截取之截面圖，第19圖是沿 第17圖I - I線截取之截面圖。本實施形態亦與前述同樣地’ 内襯環為分割之可動内襯25。該等可動内襯25形成臂狀， 且本實施形態中有8個。各可動内襯25，係由沿水流方向設 置且嵌入内襯外罩28之支持軸26支持，而可朝半徑方向搖 動。 又，該等可動内襯25上設有孔25a，且彈簧體27插通孔 25a。彈簧體27設有2個，是由固定在内襯外罩28之螺絲體 29支持，可與相對之另一可動内襯25抵接，賦與其朝葉片3 側移動之勢能。可動内襯25之端部為傾斜面25b，可形成相 互疊合之形狀。因此，通常，可動内襯25呈現利用彈簧體 27之賦與勢能而使傾斜面25b相互抵接之狀態。 又’可動内襯25受到傾斜面25b限制的同時，亦由於段 差部25c卡住而被限制，於是確保與葉片3之前端部3a間之 間隙S。第20圖顯示異物7黏附之狀態。當異物7黏附到葉片 3與可動内襯25間時，可動内襯25會搖動，抗拒彈簧體27之 賦與勢能而朝内襯外罩28側靠近。此時，疊合之傾斜面25b 就會分離。藉此，葉片3之前端部3a與可動内襯25間之間隙 擴大’所以可除去異物7。 (實施形態9) 第21〜2 4圖所示者亦為實施形態3之變形例的部份截面 圖。第22圖是沿第21圖K-K線截取之截面圖，第24圖是沿 第23圖L - L線截取之截面圖。本實施形態中之彈性體為設 17 201020401 成環狀之合成橡膠體30。第21圖、23圖所示者為其中一例， 顯示異物7黏附之狀態。内襯環亦與前述同樣地，為分割之 可動内襯31。該等可動内襯31之形態，係端部具有傾斜面 3 la而使可動内襯31呈現相互疊合之狀態。 可動内襯31與内襯外罩32之間，設有彈性體之合成橡 膠體30。合成橡膠體30為中空環體，内部設有空間部3〇a〇 空間部30a設有壁狀支持部3〇b，支持部30b可連結支持外側 之合成橡膠體與内側之合成橡膠體。因為支持部3〇b可撓可 動，故可賦與合成橡膠體30柔軟性。雖未圖示，不過可動 © 内襯31是藉螺栓安裝於合成橡膠體3〇。 又，内襯外罩32設有止轉突起物32a。該等止轉突起物 32a插入合成橡膠體30之空間部3〇a内，且挾持支持部3〇b。 藉此，合成橡膠體30無法旋轉，又，可動内襯31亦由螺栓 栓緊而無法旋轉，並且兩者相互疊合，限制可動内襯31不 致朝葉片3側突出。此外，可動内襯31被翼部31b限制於内 襯外罩32，且内襯外罩32亦被翼部32b限制於殼體。第21圖 顯示顯示有異物7黏附之狀態，可動内襯31會抗拒合成橡膠 ⑬ 趙30之彈力而朝内襯外罩32側靠近。疊合之傾斜面31a就會 分離，且相鄰之可動内襯31相對地分離，使得與葉片3之前 端部3a之間間隙擴大，因此與前述同樣地可除去異物7。 第23圖、第24圖是本實施形態之變形例，其基本形態 與前述結構無異，不同點在於在合成橡膠體3〇之外側，即 靠近内襯外罩32處嵌入有多個止轉突起物32c。當有異物黏 附時，與前述同樣地，可動内襯會朝半徑方向外側靠近， 18 201020401 使得與葉片3之間間隙擴大’因此According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect, the convex member is formed to protrude from the outer peripheral portion of the impeller in a portion of the inner circumference of the retaining body. The convex member can remove or pulverize the foreign matter adhered to the impeller or the like. The convex member can forcibly pass the foreign matter entering the gap between the impeller and the inner liner through the discharge gap. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the convex member opposite to the outer peripheral edge portion of the impeller is protruded from a portion of the inner circumference of the movable lining. Foreign matter adhering to the impeller or the like can be removed or pulverized by the above-mentioned convex member. According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pump is disposed on a portion of the inner circumference of the movable lining, and one or more of the pumps are disposed in a direction intersecting with the direction of rotation of the impeller. A recess of the groove or hole opposite to the peripheral portion of the impeller. Foreign matter adhering to the impeller or the like can be removed or pulverized by the aforementioned grooves or holes. Alternatively, the foreign matter entering the gap between the impeller and the inner liner can be forcibly passed through the discharge gap by using the aforementioned groove or hole. According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect of the invention, the retaining body is an annular rubber body and can hold the movable lining. The elastic deformation of the rubber body has a function of moving the movable lining. 201020401 The pump according to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, wherein the movable lining is formed by fixing a plurality of lining members divided by the annular rubber body, and is formed by the annular rubber body. A lining that moves elastically. The movable lining itself is elastically deformable such that the lining member is opposed to the impeller. A pump according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, wherein the elastic body is a spring body provided in the holding body or the movable lining, and the movable lining potential energy is imparted. A pump according to a thirteenth aspect of the invention, wherein the elastic body is an annular rubber body disposed between the holding body and the movable lining, and the movable lining potential energy can be imparted. EFFECT OF THE INVENTION The pump of the present invention can remove foreign matter adhering to the impeller and the inner liner by providing a convex member or a groove on a part of the inner liner of the pump or by moving the inner liner ring. . As a result, the leeches containing foreign matter can flow smoothly through the fruit. Therefore, the number of maintenance operations such as frequently pumping water out of the water to remove foreign matter adhering to the water pump is greatly reduced, and the pump running time is increased. In addition, the structure for removing foreign matter is simple, and the dust removal equipment upstream can be simplified, so that the overall cost of the equipment installed on the waterway is low. [Effective Mode] The best mode for carrying out the invention Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 24 are partial cross-sectional views showing the structure of the pump of the present invention in various forms. This embodiment is an example of a pump that is used as a submersible pump. The submersible pump 201020401 is installed in the waterway and can force the water of one side of the waterway to flow toward the other side of the waterway as indicated by the arrow. The submersible pump generally has a horizontal axis type and a vertical axis type. The submersible pump 1 rotates the impeller 2 to generate a water flow, and the front end portion 3a of the rotatable vane 3 of the impeller 2 is disposed opposite and adjacent to the inner liner 5 provided on the inner wall of the casing 4 of the submersible pump 1. The impeller 2, which also includes the blades, is referred to as an impeller. The inner liner 5 is a hard material, is formed in a ring shape, and is fixed to the inner wall of the casing 4 or held in a movable state. The gap X which is in close contact with the front end portion 3a of the vane 3 of the impeller 2 is reduced as much as possible without hindering the rotation. For example, 1 to 2 mm. If the gap is small, the pump efficiency is good, and if the gap is large, the pump efficiency is poor. In this embodiment, a water pump on the horizontal axis will be described. Further, the present embodiment is explained by an example applicable to a swept-back flap of a sluice pump. Further, the function and structure of the underwater pump itself are well known, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Fig. 25 and Fig. 26 are partial cross-sectional views showing the general structure of a conventional underwater pump. Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of Figure 25. Since the rotatable impeller 5 is operated by the motor rotating shaft, the water of the water passage can flow in the direction of the arrow (refer to Fig. 25). The front end portion 51a of the blade 51 of the impeller 50 is in close contact with the inner liner ring 53 which is formed in an annular shape on the inner wall of the casing 52 of the submersible pump, and is rotatable in the direction of the arrow (see Fig. 26). The front end portion 51a of the blade 51 of the impeller 50 and the inner surface of the inner liner ring 53 have a gap (gap) γ as shown. In the drawings, the structure of the inner ring member 53 is provided on the casing 52. However, many conventional examples are such that the inner wall of the casing is directly opposed to the front end portion 51a of the blade 51 of the impeller 50. The inner liner ring 53 is formed to be smooth with the inner surface side of the blade 51 which is adjacent to the front end portion 51a. Fig. 26 shows a state in which the foreign matter 54 adheres to the front end portion 51a of the blade 51 and is in close contact with the lining 201020401 ring 53. The foreign matter 54 is waste of various industries such as wood, plastic, and float, garbage discharged from factories and households, and the like. The foreign matter 54 adheres to the front end portion 51a' of the blade 51 and rubs along the inner surface of the inner liner ring 53 and continues to rotate, so that it cannot be removed. If the portion of the blade 51 is partially adhered to the foreign matter 54, if it is corrected, the inner liner ring 53 causes the foreign matter 54 to be pressed toward the blade 51 side, causing the blade 51 to be damaged or causing the blade 51 to wear. In particular, when the casing is opposed to the casing, the casing is softer than the inner liner, so that the damage is large. This state - once more deteriorated 'requires the pump rotation required above, 遂 causes the safety device to start' to stop the system, but sometimes this state will make the pump unable to rotate and stop β. This invention is preventing this state . (Embodiment 1) Figs. 1 and 2 show an example in which the convex member 6 of the present invention is provided in the inner liner 5. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the first line of the heart. The male member 6 is embedded and fixed to a portion of the inner liner 5. Although not shown, the method of inserting and fixing may be a method of screwing, press-fitting, attaching or welding with an adhesive, or attaching it to an inner liner. The convex member 6 is a hard cylindrical body and is provided inside the inner ring 5! One or more. A portion of the cylinder is formed from the inner surface of the inner liner ring 5 toward the inner side so as not to interfere with the projections 46a of the blade 3 for capturing the foreign matter 7. Here, the convex member 6 is a cylindrical body (tube body), but is not limited to a cylindrical body. 〃 As long as it is convex, it can be used in its shape. When the impeller 2 is turned in the direction of the arrow, the foreign matter 7 adhering to the front end portion 3a of the blade 3 of the impeller 2 is caught on the convex member 6. The jammed foreign matter 7 adheres to the convex member 6 and is removed from the blade 10 201020401 3, or the borrower rotates the water flow to disengage the foreign matter 7 from the blade 3 and the inner ring 5 and pass through the pump. (Embodiment 2) FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are another embodiment, and an example in which the recessed portion of the present invention, that is, the groove 8 is provided in the inner liner 9. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Β-Β of Figure 3. The groove 8 is formed on the inner surface of the inner _9, and is formed in a notch shape to reduce the width direction of the _ ring 9. The notch portion has a substantially v-shaped notch shape, and the end portion of the groove surface in the flow direction is vertical, and constitutes an edge of the foreign matter 7 which can catch and pulverize and adhere to the blade 3. The aforementioned groove 8 has one or more places on the ring 9. Similarly to the above-described embodiment, when the impeller 2 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the foreign matter 7 adhering to the front end portion 3& of the blade 3 of the impeller 2 is caught on the groove 8. The jammed foreign matter 7 adheres to the groove 8 and is pulverized and removed from the blade 3, or the foreign matter 7 is separated from the blade 3 and the inner liner ring 9 by the swirling water flow, and is discharged from the pump through the discharge port. Although the shape of the groove 8 is formed into a substantially V-shaped notch shape on the inner liner 9, it is not limited to this shape. Further, although the concave portion is described as a groove, it may be a hole other than the groove. As a result, the foreign matter 7 adhered to the front end 3& of the blade 3 will slide over the inner circumference of the inner liner ring 9, rotate around the inner periphery of the inner liner ring 9 in line with the front end portion 3a of the blade 3, and be disturbed by the groove 8. . The foreign matter 7 disturbed by the groove 8 may be pulverized by the disturbance of the third pass and passed through by or forced into the gap between the blade 3 and the inner liner ring 9 and passed through the gap or not. Department. Moreover, the foreign matter can not be completely pulverized by the light once, or can not be completely detached even if pressed into the gap, and still adheres to the inner periphery of the lining 201020401 ring 9 on the blade 3, and is disturbed several times by the groove 8. Among them, it is pulverized or detached from the gap between the blade 3 and the inner liner 9, or passes through the pump without hitting the gap. (Embodiment 3) Figs. 5 and 6 are views showing still another embodiment, showing an example in which the inner ring is movable. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Fig. 5. The submersible pump of the present embodiment has a structure in which a fixed lining outer cover 10 is sandwiched between two casings as a holding body. The inner liner is held by the inner liner 1 〇 and the block member 10a. Further, although not shown, the lining cover and the block member are fixed to the case by screw inspection, and the inner lining ring is movably moved so that the inner lining ring can be easily assembled. The inner liner ring is divided into four, each of which constitutes a movable lining η. The movable lining 11' is held by a pin-shaped stop rotation member 12 provided on the lining cover 1A fixed to the casing side so as not to move in the rotational direction. The stop rotation member 12 is a pin body screwed to the inner liner 1 . In the moveable. The hole is partially opened, and a part of the member 12 for stopping rotation is inserted into the hole to restrict the movement of the movable lining 11 toward the rotation direction of the impeller 2. Further, the divided movable lining 11 is restrained in the direction of the rotation axis of the impeller 2 by the lining outer cover 1 固定 and the block member 10a fixed to the casing. Further, 'the wing portion 11a constituting the step is disposed on the movable lining 11 in the direction transverse to the direction of the rotation axis of the impeller 2, and the dam is locked to the lining cover 1 〇 and the block member 10a'. Thus, the movable lining 11 can be prevented. Disengaged toward the impeller 2 side. Further, between the movable lining 11 and the lining cover 10, a gap Z is formed in a direction transverse to the direction of the rotation axis of the impeller 2. The size of the gap Z can be set up to, for example, about 1 mm. Therefore, the split movable lining is in a split state, and the 12 201020401 can remain in the position and is movable, and does not detach from the inner (4). On the other hand, the inner cover ίο is sandwiched between the members for stopping the rotation, and the spring body 13 is provided on both sides, and the spring body 13 is opposed to the movable lining u and is pressed against the movable inner portion. In the case of the general flow of water, each of the movable members 11 is held such that the rotation of the member 12 for stopping is supported by the wing portion Ua between the inner cover 10 and the outer cover 10, and the elastic force of the two spring bodies 13 maintains the equal gap z. When the foreign matter 7 is sucked into the pump and adhered to the blade 3, as shown in Fig. 6, if the foreign matter 7 presses one end of the movable lining, the movable lining u can move, resisting the elastic force of the spring body 13 toward the casing side. That is, the direction of the arrow E in the radial direction of the inner lining cover 1 退 is retracted. This amount of movement is as described above and can be moved by about 1 mm. Therefore, at this time, since the gap between the vane 3 and the movable lining U is enlarged, the foreign matter 7 is detached from the vane 3. Further, even if there is no detachment, the gap between the passages of the foreign matter 7 passes through the movable linings 11, and when the portion of the spring body 13 is enlarged, the portion of the member 12 for stopping the rotation is reduced, so that the expansion and contraction are repeated. Foreign objects will detach during this period. When there is no foreign matter 7, it assumes a general state and can ensure a minimum gap. Although not shown in the drawings, the movable lining 11 may be provided with a groove or a convex member on the inner surface of the movable lining 11 as in the above embodiment. At this time, not only the gap can be enlarged, but also foreign matter can be removed more easily, and the passability of the pump is improved. (Embodiment 4) Figs. 7 and 8 show another embodiment of a movable lining structure, and an example in which a convex member is not provided. Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Fig. 7. The convex member 14 of this example is also of a single form, and as in the case described above, the male member 14 is attached to the inner peripheral portion of the inner liner 10, and Fixed to avoid interference 13 201020401 The state of the blade 3. The gap between the convex member 14 and the vane 3 may be set to, for example, 10 mm or less as long as it is within the movable range of the movable lining 11. This convex member 14 is disposed to be closer to the inflow side with respect to the movable lining 11, so that the foreign matter 7 can be pulverized to less than i mm before being sent to the movable lining 11. The pulverized foreign matter 7 passes through the pump under the action of the movable lining 11. In the present embodiment, under the doubling effect of the convex member 14 and the movable lining 11, the foreign matter is more easily removed, and the passability in the pump is improved. Further, although not shown, the movable lining 11 may be provided with a notch-like groove or a convex member similar to that of the above embodiment. The structure and effect of the grooves and the convex members are the same as those of the above-described embodiments, and thus detailed description thereof will be omitted. (Fifth Embodiment) Figs. 9 and 10 are views showing still another embodiment of the movable lining structure. Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Figure 9. In the present configuration, the movable lining 15 is divided into four movable linings 15 by using the pin 16 on the two casings in a movable state. The movable inner 15 can be centered on the pin 16 and rocked toward the radial direction of the impeller 2. The pin 16 is fixed to the casing side and fitted into the slot 15a provided in the movable lining 5 . The slot 15a is an elliptical slot. The movable lining 15 is displaceable in the radial direction away from the impeller 2 with respect to the pin 16 by the slot ◎ 15a. The movable lining 15 is provided with a stopper 17 at the other end opposite to the slot 15a, and is in a state of being locked to the shoulder portion 15b of the slot 15a of the other movable lining 15 which is divided. Further, the tension coil spring 18 is hung on all of the outer peripheral portions of the movable linings 15 having the same four configurations. Therefore, the four movable linings 15 are not opened toward the outer peripheral side, and are also restricted to the stopper 17 without protruding toward the inner peripheral side, and can be positioned and given a tendency to move toward the direction of the rotation axis of the impeller 14 201020401 Yes. Fig. 11 is a view showing a state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres to the blade 3. Since the foreign matter 7' movable lining 15 resists the potential energy imparted by the coil spring 18, the outer circumference is raised. The movable lining 15 is guided by the pin 16 by the slot 16a to move toward the outer peripheral radial direction to enlarge the gap with the blade 3. When the foreign matter 7 reaches the end portion of the movable lining 15 having the stopper 17, the gap becomes maximum, and the foreign matter 7 can be removed. Although the pin 16 is provided in the casing as will be described later, it may be provided in the holding body in the same manner as the above embodiment. Moreover, the casing and the holding body can also be regarded as one body.实施 (Embodiment 6) A cross-sectional view showing a modification of the embodiment 第 in Figs. 12 and 13 is shown. The case where the convex member 6 is provided at a plurality of positions on the inner circumference of the inner liner ring is the same as described above, but the feature is that the convex member 6 is provided with an inclination angle. That is, in the Fig. 12, the flow direction of the water flow direction is such that the convex member 6 and the front end portion 3&3 of the blade 3 have a predetermined angle inclined surface which protrudes toward the blade 3 side. As the impeller 2 rotates, the front end 3a of the blade 3 will move relative to the inclined surface with respect to the inclined surface. © When the foreign matter 7 adheres to the blade 3, the end turn moves along the inclined surface, so that the gap between the inclined surface and the inclined surface gradually decreases, and the foreign matter 7 is squeezed. In this state, when the foreign matter 7 reaches the end of the inclined surface, it is cut off and becomes the cut state. Moreover, even if it is not cut off, the foreign matter 7 can be surely pushed toward the flow. When the foreign matter 7 is a poetry bottle or a juice technique, it can be effectively treated. In Fig. 13, the face portion 6' of the convex member 6 is an inclined surface which is inclined by a predetermined angle toward the direction of rotation of the impeller 2. The foreign matter is pushed in the direction of rotation and cut at the end of the face 6c. 15 201020401 (Embodiment 7) A partial cross-sectional view showing a modification of the third embodiment is shown in Figs. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line G_G of Fig. 14, and Fig. 16 is a view showing a state in which foreign matter adheres to the blade. The inner liner ring is divided into four, and is disposed along the inner circumference of the inner liner cover 19. Each of the divided inner liners constitutes the movable lining 20 and is movable relative to each other. Each movable lining 20 is supported by a rotation preventing bolt 21 fixed to the inner lining cover 19, and is in a non-rotatable state. Further, the adjacent movable linings 20 can be brought closer to each other by the spring body 22. Further, the end portion of the movable lining 20 has an inclined portion 2〇a which can be overlapped with the adjacent movable lining 20. The spring body 22 is supported by the movable lining 2 of one side and is held by the movable lining 20 of the other side by the thread check 23 . The spring body 22 is a compression coil spring 'and thus is generally brought into close proximity by the potential energy imparted by the spring body 22. The bolt 23 is inserted between the two movable linings 2'', and the end portion is fixed by the nut 24' to be movable between the other and the movable lining 2'. The spring body 22 is sandwiched between the other end of the bolt 23 and the end of the movable lining 2 (). The spring body 22 is a compression spring that is given a potential energy that is often moved outward, and the (4) lining 20 can be brought closer to each other. The potential energy imparted by the spring body 22 can be adjusted by the degree of screwing of the nut 24 provided at the end of the bolt 23. When foreign objects? When adhered to the blade 3, as shown in Fig. 16, the movable lining 2 〇 resists the potential energy of the spring body 22 and approaches the side of the inner cover 19 . At this time, the folded inclined portions 20a are separated. As a result, the gap between the blade 3 and the movable lining 2 is enlarged so that the foreign matter 7 can be removed. (Embodiment 8) 16 201020401 A part of a cross-sectional view of a modification of the third embodiment is also shown in the drawings. Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line Η-Η of Fig. 17, and Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-I of Fig. 17. Also in this embodiment, the inner liner ring is divided into movable linings 25 as described above. The movable linings 25 are formed in an arm shape, and there are eight in the present embodiment. Each of the movable linings 25 is supported by a support shaft 26 which is disposed in the direction of the water flow and fitted into the lining cover 28, and is rockable in the radial direction. Further, the movable lining 25 is provided with a hole 25a, and the spring body 27 is inserted through the hole 25a. The spring body 27 is provided in two, supported by a screw body 29 fixed to the inner liner cover 28, and is abuttable against the other movable inner liner 25, and is biased to move toward the blade 3 side. The end portion of the movable lining 25 is an inclined surface 25b which can be formed in a shape overlapping each other. Therefore, in general, the movable lining 25 assumes a state in which the inclined faces 25b abut each other by the potential energy imparted by the spring body 27. Further, the movable lining 25 is restricted by the inclined surface 25b, and is also restricted by the stepped portion 25c being caught, so that the gap S between the front end portion 3a of the blade 3 and the blade 3 is secured. Fig. 20 shows the state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres. When the foreign matter 7 adheres between the blade 3 and the movable lining 25, the movable lining 25 is rocked to resist the potential energy of the spring body 27 toward the side of the lining cover 28. At this time, the overlapping inclined faces 25b are separated. Thereby, the gap between the front end portion 3a of the blade 3 and the movable lining 25 is enlarged, so that the foreign matter 7 can be removed. (Embodiment 9) A part of the cross-sectional view of the modification of the third embodiment is also shown in Figs. Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of Fig. 21, and Fig. 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line L-L of Fig. 23. The elastomer in the present embodiment is a synthetic rubber body 30 having a ring shape of 17 201020401. Figs. 21 and 23 show an example of the state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres. Similarly to the above, the inner liner is a divided movable liner 31. In the form of the movable linings 31, the end portions have inclined faces 3 la to bring the movable linings 31 into a state of being superposed on each other. Between the movable lining 31 and the inner lining cover 32, an elastomeric synthetic rubber body 30 is provided. The synthetic rubber body 30 is a hollow ring body having a space portion 3〇a inside. The space portion 30a is provided with a wall-shaped support portion 3b, and the support portion 30b is connectable to the outer synthetic rubber body and the inner synthetic rubber body. Since the support portion 3〇b is flexible, the synthetic rubber body 30 can be imparted with flexibility. Although not shown, the movable lining 31 is attached to the synthetic rubber body 3 by bolts. Further, the inner liner cover 32 is provided with a rotation preventing projection 32a. The rotation preventing projections 32a are inserted into the space portion 3a of the synthetic rubber body 30, and the support portion 3b is held. Thereby, the synthetic rubber body 30 cannot be rotated, and the movable lining 31 is also bolted and cannot be rotated, and the two are superposed on each other, and the movable lining 31 is restricted from protruding toward the blade 3 side. Further, the movable lining 31 is restrained by the wing portion 31b to the lining cover 32, and the lining outer cover 32 is also restrained by the wing portion 32b to the casing. Fig. 21 shows a state in which the foreign matter 7 adheres, and the movable lining 31 resists the elastic force of the synthetic rubber 13 Zhao 30 toward the side of the inner liner 32. The overlapping inclined faces 31a are separated, and the adjacent movable linings 31 are relatively separated, so that the gap between the adjacent end portions 3a of the blades 3 is enlarged, so that the foreign matter 7 can be removed in the same manner as described above. Figs. 23 and 24 show a modification of the embodiment, and the basic form is the same as the above-described structure, except that a plurality of rotation preventing projections are fitted on the outer side of the synthetic rubber body 3, i.e., near the inner liner cover 32. Object 32c. When foreign matter adheres, the movable lining will approach the outer side in the radial direction as in the above, and 18 201020401 enlarges the gap with the blade 3
以^，說明前述合成橡膝體3〇是與内襯外罩32及可動 内襯31分開獨立之構件。不過雖未圖示，但是還有其他形 態’合成橡膠體3G亦可是與内襯外罩32-體形成之橡穋 體。如此，零件減少，結構變得簡單，成本可降低。此外， 合成橡膠體亦可與作為可動内襯之零件一體形成。此時， 將如金屬體之分割之多數_構件安裝於合成橡膠體作 為與葉片3之前端部3{1相對者，該等内襯構件亦可利用與前 述作内襯同樣之處理來形成。當有異物黏附時 ，異物將 會卡在内襯構件，並藉由合成橡膠體之彈性變形使得内 觀構件與葉片之間間隙擴大，因此可除去異物。 以上’包括其他實施形態在内均詳細說明本發明，不 過本發明當然並不限於前述實施形態。例如，前述說明内 觀瓖分割為4個可動内襯之結構，不過並不限於4個。如前 所述’可動内襯亦可與其他構件一體形成。除可動内襯以 外，其餘構件亦同樣地並不限於前述實施形態。 又’本發明當然亦適用於縱型水中泵。此外，因為可 動内襯可移動，所以亦可設計成可檢測内襯之動作。又， 實施形態說明本發明適用於水中泵，但是當然亦可適用於 水中泵以外之泵形態。 t圖式簡單說明2 第1圖為實施形態1，顯示於内襯環設置凸構件之水中 系結構的部份截面圖。 第2圖是沿第1圖A-A線截取之截面圖。 201020401 第3圖為實施形態2，顯示於内襯環設置槽之水中泵結 構的部份截面圖。 第4圖是沿第3圖B-B線截取之截面圖。 第5圖為實施形態3，顯示將内襯環分割使之成為可動 狀態之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第6圖是沿第5圖C-C線截取之截面圖。 第7圖為實施形態4 ,顯示將内襯環分割使之成為可動 狀態且設有凸構件時之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第8圖是沿第7圖D-D線截取之截面圖。 第9圖為實施形態5，顯示將内槻環分割使之成為可動 狀態之水中泵結構另一實施形態的部份截面圖。 第10圖是沿第9圖E-E線截取之截面圖。 第11圖是顯示第10圖中異物黏附在葉片上之狀態的# 份截面圖。 第12圖為實施形態6,顯示於内襯環上沿水流方向 傾斜面，並設有凸構件之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第13圖為實施形態6,顯示於内襯環上沿葉輪旋轉方c 具有傾斜面，並設有凸構件之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第14圖為實施形態7,顯示將内襯環分割並藉彈簧使。 成為可動狀態之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第15圖是沿第14圖G-G線截取之截面圖。 第16圖是顯示第15圖中有異物黏附之狀態的部份截这 圖。The above synthetic rubber knee 3 is a separate member from the inner liner 32 and the movable liner 31. However, although not shown, there are other forms. The synthetic rubber body 3G may be a rubber body formed of a body of the inner liner 32. In this way, the parts are reduced, the structure is simple, and the cost can be reduced. Further, the synthetic rubber body may be integrally formed with a part that is a movable lining. At this time, a plurality of members which are divided as a metal body are attached to the synthetic rubber body as opposed to the front end portion 3{1 of the blade 3, and the lining members can also be formed by the same treatment as the lining described above. When foreign matter adheres, the foreign matter will get stuck in the lining member, and the elastic deformation of the synthetic rubber body enlarges the gap between the inner member and the blade, so that the foreign matter can be removed. The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to other embodiments, and the present invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described above. For example, the above description shows that the internal view is divided into four movable linings, but it is not limited to four. The movable lining as described above may also be integrally formed with other members. The remaining members are similarly not limited to the above embodiments except for the movable lining. Further, the present invention is of course also applicable to a vertical submersible pump. In addition, since the movable lining is movable, it can also be designed to detect the action of the lining. Further, the present invention is applied to a submersible pump, but it is of course also applicable to a pump other than a submersible pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the underwater structure in which a convex member is provided on a lining ring in the first embodiment. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1. 201020401 Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the water pump in the groove provided in the inner liner ring according to the second embodiment. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the submersible pump in which the inner liner ring is divided into a movable state in the third embodiment. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the underwater pump when the inner liner ring is divided into a movable state and a convex member is provided, in the fourth embodiment. Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 7. Fig. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the underwater pump structure in which the inner annulus is divided into a movable state in the fifth embodiment. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of Fig. 9. Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the foreign matter adheres to the blade in Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the underwater pump which is provided with a convex member on the inner liner ring and which is inclined in the direction of the water flow. Figure 13 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the underwater pump having a convex member on the inner liner ring which has an inclined surface along the impeller rotation side c. Fig. 14 is a seventh embodiment showing the division of the inner liner ring by a spring. A partial cross-sectional view of the pump structure that becomes a movable state. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line G-G of Fig. 14. Fig. 16 is a partial cutaway view showing a state in which foreign matter adheres in Fig. 15.
第17圖為實施形態8，顯示將内襯環分割並藉彈簧使 20 201020401 成為可動狀態之水中泵另一結構的部份截面圖。 第18圖是沿第π圖H-H線截取之截面圖。 第19圖是沿第π圖I-Ι線截取之截面圖。 第20圖顯示第17圖中有異物黏附之狀態的部份截面 圖。 第21圖為實施形態9,顯示將内襯環分割並藉合成橡膠 體使之成為可動狀態之水中泵結構的部份截面圖。 第22圖是沿第21圖K-K線截取之截面圖。 第23圖為實施形態9,顯示將内襯環分割並藉合成橡膠 體使之成為可動狀態之水中泵另一結構的部份截面圖。 第24圖是沿第23圖L-L線截取之截面圖。 第25圖是顯示習知水中泵結構的部分截面圖。 第26圖是沿第25圖F-F線截取之截面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1…水中泵 8."槽 2,50".葉輪 10，19,28,32··.内襯外罩 3,51..·葉片 10a...塊部件 3a，51a…前端部 11，15,20,25,31..•可動内襯 4,52…殼體 lla，31b，32b·.·翼部 5,9,53…内概環 12…停止旋轉用構件 6，14…凸構件 13,22,27..·彈簧體 6a…犬出凸部 15a_ · ·槽孔 6b，6c.··面部 15b·.·肩部 7,54··.異物 16··.銷 21 201020401 17...止動器 29...螺絲體 18...拉伸線圈彈簧 30...合成橡膠體 20a...傾斜部 30a...空間部 21...止轉螺检 30b...支持部 23...螺栓 32a, 32c…止轉突起物 24...螺帽 S，X，Y...間隙 25a…孔 Z...空隙 25b,31a...傾斜面 25c...段差部 26...支持軸Fig. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another structure of the underwater pump in which the inner liner ring is divided and the spring is used to make 20 201020401 a movable state. Figure 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along line H-H of the πth diagram. Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along line I-Ι of the πth diagram. Fig. 20 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which foreign matter adheres in Fig. 17. Fig. 21 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the underwater pump in which the inner liner ring is divided and the synthetic rubber body is made movable. Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view taken along line K-K of Fig. 21. Fig. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the submersible pump which divides the inner liner ring and which is made into a movable state by the synthetic rubber body in the ninth embodiment. Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view taken along line L-L of Figure 23; Figure 25 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional underwater pump. Figure 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along line F-F of Figure 25. [Main component symbol description] 1...water pump 8."groove 2,50".impeller 10,19,28,32··. lining cover 3, 51..·blade 10a...block parts 3a, 51a ... front end 11, 15, 20, 25, 31.. • movable lining 4, 52... housings 11a, 31b, 32b · wing parts 5, 9, 53... inner ring 12... stop rotation member 6 , 14... convex member 13, 22, 27... spring body 6a... dog out convex portion 15a_ · slot hole 6b, 6c. · face 15b · · shoulder 7 , 54 · · foreign matter 16 · ·. Pin 21 201020401 17...stop 29...screw body 18...tension coil spring 30...synthetic rubber body 20a...inclined portion 30a...space portion 21...stop screw Check 30b... Support portion 23... Bolts 32a, 32c... Stop projections 24... Nuts S, X, Y... Gap 25a... Hole Z... Voids 25b, 31a... Tilt Face 25c...step section 26... support shaft
22twenty two