201006987 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明有關一用於由採泥區運送大量水底土壤至一塾 殖及/或處置地點之方法。本發明特別有關—用於由採泥 區至-墾殖及/或處置地點運送大量水底沙子之方法。本 發明亦有關用於藉由由採泥區至—㈣及/或處置地點運 送含有沙子的礦石而開採大量礦石之方法。 【先前技術】 於世界之很多區域冲’可以建造的土地係稀少的。例 如是在及環繞新加坡之案例，其幸運地是被無限量之海水 所圍繞。於此等區域中’土地時常係藉由以土壤供給部分 之將被建造海水而自該海水㈣。這通常需要大量土壤之 沈積，如此需要大土壤沈積物之找尋及定位。典型地，土 壤之充分沈積物係在環繞著該墾殖地點之内海'海灣、海 峽、及海洋中發現。& 土壤係接著以一傳統之方式挖掘。 以該傳統之挖掘方式，其係需要在該墾殖地點之附近設置 大土壤或沙子沈積物（採泥區）。對於傳統之挖掘方法及系 統，其變得越來越難以設置充足之沙子沈積物。另外，這 些採泥區係坐落在比已往更遠離海岸處，而增加該操作之 支出。 傳統之水底土壤底部的挖掘通常係藉由吸引挖掘操作 而進行。於吸引挖掘操作中，一典型之系統包括一浮動於 水表面上之挖掘驳船、及一定位在該驳船下方之泵浦吸引 系統的入口，該泵浦吸引系統的入口允許藉由該底部土壤 201006987 材料及水所形成之水泥漿的泵吸及移除。該疏鬆的土壤材 料水泥漿典型被泵吸通過一導管至該驳船的一儲存區域。 當該土壌被挖掘時，其通常係需要經由數公里之管線將該 土壤輸送至-地點。該遙遠之採泥區—般需要數艘操作用 船隻、昂貴之增壓泵，以運送所挖掘之材料至一地點；及 額外之船隻承載管子，用於形成一由該遙遠地點至沈積地201006987 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for transporting a large amount of underwater soil from a mud mining area to a breeding and/or disposal site. The invention is particularly relevant - a method for transporting large quantities of bottom sand from a mud-removing area to a growing and/or disposal site. The invention also relates to a method for producing a large amount of ore by transporting ore containing sand from a mud-removing zone to a (four) and/or disposal site. [Prior Art] Land that can be built in many areas of the world is scarce. For example, in the case of and around Singapore, it is fortunate that it is surrounded by an unlimited amount of sea water. In these areas, the land is often from the seawater (4) by the seawater to be constructed by the soil supply part. This usually requires the deposition of large amounts of soil, which requires the search and location of large soil deposits. Typically, sufficient sediments of the soil are found in the 'sea bay, sea gorge, and oceans surrounding the reclamation site. & The soil system is then excavated in a traditional way. In this conventional method of excavation, it is necessary to provide large soil or sand deposits (mining areas) near the site of the colony. For traditional mining methods and systems, it has become increasingly difficult to set up adequate sand deposits. In addition, these mining areas are located farther away from the coast than before, increasing the cost of this operation. Excavation of the bottom of a traditional underwater soil is usually carried out by attracting excavation operations. In a suction digging operation, a typical system includes an excavation barge floating on a water surface, and an inlet of a pump suction system positioned below the barge, the inlet of the pump suction system is allowed to pass the bottom soil 201006987 Pumping and removal of cement slurry from materials and water. The loose soil material cement slurry is typically pumped through a conduit to a storage area of the barge. When the soil is excavated, it is usually required to transport the soil to a location via a pipeline of several kilometers. The remote mining area typically requires several operational vessels, expensive booster pumps to transport the excavated material to a location; and additional vessels carrying pipes for forming a remote location to the deposition site
點之導管。這些操作之設備及後勤不合意地限制該方法僅 只當絕對地需要時被利用。 先前技藝方法藉由在土地上方運送土壤及將該土壤傾 .倒進入該海水而運送土壤至該土地墾殖地點。另一習知方 法涉及挖掘該墾殖地點的附近之水底土壤、及以該挖掘驳 船之辅助將該水底土壤運送至該墾殖地點。 雖然該等習知方法已經證實為可靠的，且相當適合用 於在大多數之土地塾殖計射運送土冑，它m可被進一步 改善，特別地是當所需之土壤數量為大的時。 【發明内容】 本發明之目；^係提供一改善用於由採泥區運送各種數 量且尤其疋大量之水底土壤至一塾殖地點的方法。 此外纟| a月提供用於由長距離的採泥區運送大量水 底土壤至一塾殖地^. 地點之方法，包括以下步驟：在該至少一 採泥區之附近停泊至少_、查、义> —, ^遠洋航行的運送船隻，該運送船 隻之尺寸係比挖掘船隻之尺寸大相當多地，且被設計成適 於承納大量土壤，提供至少―挖掘船隻，其在該至少一採 泥區挖掘土壤及將該土壌運送至該運送船隻，把該土壤裝 5 201006987 載進入该運送船隻，以該運送船隻之輔助將該土壞運送至 «亥長距離的塾殖地點，把該運送船隻停泊於該堡殖地點， 及由《亥運送船隻卸載該土壤至該堅殖地點。根據本發明之 方法允許比迄今已知方法之相當可觀的較低成本將大量土 壤運送至該土地堡殖區域。就本發明之情況而言具有大 數量係意指土壤之數量每年超過一千萬立方公尺（1〇7立方 公尺）、更佳地是每年超過一千五百萬立方公尺、甚至更佳 地是每年超過二千百萬立方公尺、及最佳地是每年超過二 千五百萬立方公尺。這些數量於該技藝中係從未有過的。 圮些數量意指土壤及意指土壤水泥漿(土壤顆粒與水之混合 物）。 於本發明之方法中，該運送船隻具有比挖掘船隻或驳 船之典型尺寸大相當多之尺寸，且被設計成適於承納大量 ，土壤。該運送船隻之較佳尺寸係至少50000 DWT(DWT意 才曰、’息載重嘴）、更佳地是至少i 〇〇〇〇〇 、甚至更佳地是 至^ 150000 DWT、及最佳地是至少200000 DWT或更大。 很。適之運送船隻包括經修改之騎型（Ο㈣㈣船及巴拿 馬型（PanamaX)船隻，該等船隻傳統上被使用於由-主要港 口運送貨物至另-港口。另一方法係使用目的修改之 VLCC s(特大型油輪)。此等運送船隻被修改，以承納大量 之土壤水泥漿’如能被了解者’由於該水泥讓中之水的數 量’該水泥毁具有-高比重，且進—步提供穩定性問題。 該修正較佳地是涉及對該運送船隻提供般侧壓載艙。般側 壓載搶對該運送船隻提供所需要之浮力或浮動之動力。該 201006987 等舷側壓載艙的相向側壁間之腔室的官 至的冤度可為與該等船艙 之寬度一樣大，藉此以浮力為代價犧牲儲存量。出人意外 地是，對於越過大距離運送上面論及之大量土壤，^牲 仍然導致一有成本效益之解決方法。 其係可能以-運送船隻運送所挖掘之土壤。然而，$ 常數艘船隻將航行形成一所謂之役勤船隊。以傳統之方 法’在此僅尸、挖掘船隻被使肖，每年所挖掘之土壤的可輸 送數量係視待覆蓋之距離而定大約4百萬立方公尺、或甚 至僅只3百萬立方公尺。於一較佳具體實施例令，根據本 發明之方法允許每年運送高達2〇百萬立方公尺，在此該土 壤係在一潮濕之狀態中運送^此具體實施例將在下面進一 步被欽述。 根據本發明的方法之進一步優點係實際上具有任何所 需之品質的土壤可被運送至該土地墾殖地點。該習知方法 視該土地墾殖地點的附近中所存在之土壤的品質而定、或 ❹係太昂貴的。所需之土壤品質可例如以其微粒尺寸分佈之 觀點被表示。一般而言，該土壤越細，則其品質越佳。嫻 熟於該技藝者所習知之其他品質測定可被使用。 該習知方法的一缺點係為了容納所需之土壤運送速 率’可能需要很多挖掘裝置在該土地墾殖區域之附近，其 結果是擠滿挖掘船隻。這需要詳細之協調作用及後勤。再 者’在該地點之狀態可能需要額外之安全措施。根據本發 明之方法不會具有此缺點。 根據本發明之方法係特別適合用於在一長距離由該採 7 201006987 泥區運送土壤至土地墾殖區域。較佳之長距離係在5〇〇公 里以上之單一航行距離、更佳地是在1〇〇〇公里以上之單一 航行距離、及最佳地是在1500公里以上之單一航行距離。 於本發明之進一步態樣中，該方法包括在該至少一採 泥區挖掘該土壤、及以對挖掘裝置為恰當之設備的辅助將 該土壤運送至該運送船隻。較佳之挖掘裝置包括一鉸吸式 挖泥船（cutter suction dredger)及/或一耙吸式挖泥船 (trailing suction hopper dredger)。 於根據本發明的方法之進一步具體實施例中，在 挖掘的土壤裝載進入該運送船隻之前’所挖掘之土壤被乾 燥至一在可容許之可輸送的濕氣限制内之水含量，用於乾 燥之散裝貨船（亦被稱為該乾式具體實施例）。可容許之可輸 送的濕氣限制包括少於所挖掘土壤之總重量的百分之2〇的 水含量、及更佳地是少於所挖掘土壤之總重量的百分之Μ 的水含量。根據本發明之方法的本較佳具體實施例之水含 量係藉由將所挖掘之土壤裝載進入至少一緩衝船隻所實 現’以在將所挖掘之1$ 抛之土壤裝載進入該運送船隻之前實現該 乾燥作用。 於本發明之又另一態樣中 該運送船隻機械式地卸載該土 藉由一起重機或藉由任何其他 船隻之船艙的機構。這於該方 別較佳的。 ’根據本發明之方法包括由 壤至該墾殖地點，適當地是 開挖及舉起土壤離開該運送 法之乾式具體實施例中是特 於根據本發明的方法之又另 一具體實施例中，該挖掘 201006987 船隻包括-把吸式挖泥船。當使用此一把吸式挖泥船時， 根據本發明之方法較佳地是包括一具有用於所挖掘土壞之 裝載單元及-用於多餘水分之溢流管的把吸式挖泥船，且 提供該溢流管（overflow)，使得於所挖掘土壤裝載進入該運 送船隻之前，該所挖掘之土壤具有大於所挖掘土壤之總重 量的百分之20的水含量、及更佳地是在所挖掘土壤之總重 ^的百分之20及百分之35之間的水含量。甚至更較佳的 φ 是，在所挖掘土壤裝載進入該運送船隻之前，所挖掘之土 壤具有在所挖掘土壤之總重量的百分之25及百分之3〇之 間的水含量（亦被稱為該濕式具體實施例）。 於根據本發明的方法之又另一較佳具體實施例中，由 該運送船隻卸載該土壤至該墾殖地點係藉由一泵浦液壓地 進行，該泵浦設有高壓噴嘴，以於泵吸該土壤離開之前流 體化該運送船隻中之土壤。這於該方法之濕式具體實施例 中是特別較佳的。 ❹ 根據本發明之方法係有利地被使用’以由長距離的採 泥區運送大量之水底土壤、及特別是沙子至一墾殖地點。 於另一較佳具體實施例中，根據本發明之方法被用於挖掘 及運送大量含有礦石之水底沙子。 【實施方式】 參考圖1，所顯示之運送船隻1被為如在本發明之第一 具體實施例中所使用者。該運送船隻1具有一比典型尺寸 挖掘船隻或驳船大相當多之尺寸，且被設計成適於承納大 量之土壤進入該等船艙2,該等船艙被顯示在其隱蔽之狀態 9 201006987 中。該運送船隻1之較佳尺寸係至少5〇,〇〇〇 DWT(DWT意 指總載重噸）、更佳地是至少1〇〇,〇〇〇 DWT、甚至更佳地是 至少150,000 DWT、及最佳地是至少200 000 DWT或更大。 為了能夠承載大量至很大量之挖掘土壤（或所挖掘之水泥 漿）’運送船隻1係配備有舷側壓载艙及中心載貨驗（未示 出）。舷側壓載艙較佳的是對該運送船隻提供所需要之浮 力，以支援該穩定性。再者，該運送船隻丨較佳地是對該 等船艙2設有強化物，以便固持該土壤水泥漿，該土壤水 /尼榮大致上係研磨性的，且具有約2公嘲/立方公尺之量級 的大密度。該艘船隻1係在曱板至該等不同船艙2上進一 步設有船頭聯結器（bow coupling)、及管線。該等船艙2可 進一步設有溢流管系統及擴散器。 參考圖2,用於由長距離採泥區運送大量水底土壤至一 土地墾殖地點之方法包括在一採泥區之附近停泊至少一遠 洋航行的運送船隻丨之步驟。於根據本發明之方法中，使 用一挖掘船隻3(複數挖掘船隻係亦可能的）以收集水底土 壤。於本發明之方法中，提供至少—挖掘船隻3，其在該採 泥區挖掘水底土壌，及較佳地是經過管線5將該土壤運送 至該運送船隻1，且將該土壤裝載進入該運送船隻，直至抵 達該想要之充填位準。該挖掘船隻3可為任何適合用於其 目的之挖掘裝置。所挖掘之土壤係接著以該運送船隻1之 輔助越過長距離被運送至該土地墾殖地點。 於圖2至7中，顯示根據本發明的方法之第一具體實 施例。如在圓2中所示，此具體實施例包括在採泥區挖掘 201006987 土壤，並以一鼓吸式挽泥船3之輔助將該土壤運送至一緩 衝船隻4,該鉸吸式挖泥船就本身而言係習知的。該鉸吸式 挖泥船3係拋錨至該海底而泊船，且設有一轉動之鉸刀頭 部，其在操作中由左舷側至右舷侧被交互地拖髮在該底部 上方，以致多少有些圓形之土壤路徑被運行。所挖掘之土 壤藉由一較佳地是浮動在水面上之管線5被運送至該緩衝 船隻4,其於此具體實施例中係大約25〇〇〇〇dwt之海岬型 散裝船隻。該緩衝船隻4具有將所挖掘之土壤乾燥至低於 所挖掘之土壤的總重量之大約百分之2〇的水含量之作用， 且更佳地是低於百分之15。乾燥係例如藉由將該土壤水泥 漿儲存至花格子板上及讓該水在重力作用之下排放離開、 或藉由使該緩衝船隻之底肋板設有穿孔而實現，該等穿孔 被設計成適於讓水經過、但保留該等土壤微粒。該緩衝船 =亦可對該等㈣設有強化物，以便裝盛該研磨性的及非 常重之土壤水泥漿，並設有船頭聯結器，及在曱板上設有 至該不同船艙之管線。該等船艙可進一步設有溢流管系統 及擴散器管子。 如在圖3中所顯示，已於緩衝船隻4中乾燥之土壤7 係於該第一具體實施例之下一步驟中由該緩衝船隻*之船 擒6傳送至該運送船隻1之船艙2。由緩衝船隻4至運送船 隻1傳送被乾燥之土€ 7可藉由一起重機或藉由任何其他 開挖及舉起土壤離開料船隻之船㈣機構被機械式地進 行’如藉由該箭頭所概要地顯示。 於該方法之進一步步驟中，該被乾燥之土壌係接著以 11 201006987 船f之辅助在其可輸送的狀態（意指 ίΓΓ送至該長距離的堡瘦地點。運送係方便地來回 …&一已充滿之運送船隻1a係在至該整殖地點之航 且一空的運送船隻113返回至該採泥區，以收集被 之土壤，如於圖4中所概要地顯示者。 、達該土地墾殖地點或於其附近時，該運送船隻係 著碼頭停泊或以任何其他合適之方式拋錨泊船。由該 運送船t 1 #載該土壤至該整殖地點㉟夠以許多方式施 行在該方法之本具體實施例十，其中所挖掘之水泥漿的❹ 水含量係相當低的，由該運送船隻1直接地卸載該土壌至 該整殖地點、至地面、或至另—（較小）船隻係藉由在圖5中 所顯示之起重機、諸如起重機8機械式地施行。用於此工 作之合適的起重機係50噸SWL、高速、重負荷使用之抓斗 式起重機。該水泥漿係以起重機6傳送至—緩衝單元，在 此藉由注射水於該水泥漿中而流體化該水泥漿。該流體化 之水泥漿係接著被泵吸經過管線9、較佳地是直接泵吸至該 土地墾殖地點’如在圖6中所顯示。 ❿ 參考圖7’顯示一運送船隻1〇為使用於本發明之第二 具體實施例中。該運送船隻1 〇再次具有一比典型尺寸之挖 掘船隻或驳船大相當多之尺寸，且被設計成適於承納大量 之土壤進入其船艙20，該等船艙被顯示在其隱蔽之狀態 中。一艘合適之船隻10係大約350000 DWT之VLCC(特大 型油輪）。為了能夠承載大量至很大量之挖掘土壤（或所挖掘 之水泥漿），運送船隻10係配備有舷侧壓載艙及中心載貨餘 12 201006987 (未示出），且對於該等船艙2〇配備有強化物。 參考圖8,用於由長距離採泥區運送大量水底土壤至一 土地墾殖地點之方法包括以下步驟：在一採泥區之附近停 泊该運送船隻10 ’及以一挖掘船隻3〇(複數挖掘船隻係亦可 能的）收集水底土壤，其於本具體實施例中係一耙吸式挖泥 船。該耙吸式挖泥船3〇挖掘水底土壤及經過管線5〇將該 水底土壤運送至該運送船隻1〇，如在圖9中所顯示。於本 具體實施例中，該挖掘船隻包括一用於該挖掘土壤之裝載 單元，該裝載單元設有一用於多餘水分之溢流管，且提供 該溢流管，使得於所挖掘土壤裝載進入該運送船隻1〇之 則，該所挖掘之土壤具有大於所挖掘土壤之總重量的百分 之20的水含量。這使得被挖掘之土壤可藉由管線5〇直接 地輸送至輸送船隻1〇之船搶2〇。 於該方法之另一步驟中，該潮濕之被挖掘土壤係接著 以該運送船隻10之辅助於該等可輸送的狀態（意指在所指 參不之水含量範圍内）運送至該長距離的墾殖地點，如在圖1〇 中所顯示。於抵達該土地墾殖地點或於其附近時，該運送 船隻係沿著一碼頭停泊或以任何其他合適之方式拋錨泊 船，且卸載。在本具體實施例中，由該運送船隻1〇卸載該 土壤至該墾殖地點較佳地是藉著一或多個泵浦通過液壓地 進行，如在圖^中所顯示。於此具體實施例中，該運送船 隻10係停泊至-散貨裝卸起重機（irans_shipper) 1】、浮船塢 等。該散貨裝卸起线η係'設有—可抵達進入該運送船隻 ίο的船艙2〇之支臂12。在該支臂12上，安裝一液麼或電 13 201006987 驅動式挖掘泵浦13。$ .法4、& « d ’庸或諸泵浦係連接至數個管線 1':該等管線係以其吸引嘴部定位在或緊密接近至存在於 運，船隻10的船# 20中之所挖掘土壤中。該支臂12較佳 疋又有複數高魔嗔嘴（未不出），該等高屋喷嘴以流體化該 :吸引嘴部附近之挖掘土壤為"。由於最初之水含量及 肌體化之結合，該挖掘之土壤輕易地被該等管線Μ所吸 起，且經過管線15直接地運送至該墾殖地點、至地面、或 至用於進一步運送之另一（較小）船隻。 於又另一較佳具體實施例中’根據本發明之方法係用 於挖掘及運送包括礦石之大量水底沙子。其已熟知大量之 礦石、諸如銅、鐵、錳、及其他者係存在於大沙洲（sand bank) 中，由於缺乏一合適之技術，該等礦石尚未被開採。其證 明根據本發明之方法係亦特別適合用於開採此含有沙洲之 礦石。 【圖式簡單說明】 本發明現在將參考以下之圖面更詳細地钦述，然而不 會受限於此詳細之敘述。於該等圖面中： 圖1概要地表示一使用於根據本發明之方法的第一具 體實施例中之運送船隻； 圖2以一運送船隻及一挖掘駁船的組合之透視表示一 概要視圖，該運送船隻及挖掘駁船如典型使用於本發明之 方法的第一具體實施例中者； 圖3概要地表示一緩衝船隻及一運送船隻的組合之透 視圖，該緩衝船隻及運送船隻如典型使用於本發明之方法 201006987 的第一具體實施例中者； 圖4概要地表示二運送船隻，如 的第一具體實施例中所使用者； 據本發明之方法 圖5表示一卸載系統之概要正面 用於根據本發明之方法的第一具體實施例：卸載系統被使 圖6以土地墾殖地點之透視表示一 #殖地點係提供有依照本發明方法之第’該土地 壤； /、體實施例的土 Ο 圖7概要地表示一運送船隻， 據本發明之方法的第二具體實施例 該運送船隻被使用於根 中； 圖8以一運送船隻及—挖掘駁船的組合之透視表示一 概要視圖，該料船隻及_駁船如典錢詩本發明之 方法的第二具體實施例中者； ❹ 圖9概要地表示一運送船隻及一挖掘駁船的組合在該 運送船隻的裝載期間之透視圖，如典型於本發明之方法的 第二具體實施例中所進行者； 圖10概要地表示一運送船隻於一已裝載之狀態中，如 在根據本發明之方法的第二具體實施例中所使用者；及最 後 圖Η表示一卸載系統之概要正面圖，該卸載系統被使 用於根據本發明之方法的第二具體實施例中。 【主要元件符號說明】 無 15Point the catheter. The equipment and logistics of these operations undesirably limit the method to be utilized only when absolutely required. Previous art methods transport soil to the site of the land by transporting the soil over the land and pouring the soil into the seawater. Another conventional method involves excavating the underwater soil in the vicinity of the site of cultivation and transporting the bottom soil to the site of cultivation with the assistance of the excavation barge. Although these conventional methods have proven to be reliable and are quite suitable for use in most land reclamation projects to transport soil, it can be further improved, especially when the amount of soil required is large. . SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for transporting various quantities, and in particular a large amount of underwater soil, from a mud-removing area to a breeding site. In addition, a month provides a method for transporting a large amount of underwater soil from a long-distance mud-collecting area to a site, including the following steps: parking at least _, Cha, Yi, near the at least one mining area > -, ^ Ocean-going transport vessel, the size of the transport vessel is considerably larger than the size of the excavation vessel, and is designed to accommodate a large amount of soil, providing at least an excavation vessel in which at least one Digging the soil in the mud area and transporting the soil to the transport vessel, loading the soil into the transport vessel 5 201006987, and transporting the soil to the reclamation site of the long distance by the transport vessel, and transporting the soil The vessel is moored at the site of the site and the vessel is unloaded by the Hai Ship to the site of the site. The method according to the invention allows a large amount of soil to be transported to the land colonization area at a relatively low cost comparable to the methods known hitherto. In the case of the present invention, having a large number means that the amount of soil exceeds 10 million cubic meters per year (1 to 7 cubic meters), more preferably more than 15 million cubic meters per year, or even more. The best is more than 2 million cubic meters per year, and optimally more than 25 million cubic meters per year. These quantities have never been seen in the art.数量 These quantities mean soil and means soil cement slurry (mixture of soil particles and water). In the method of the present invention, the shipping vessel has a size that is considerably larger than the typical size of an excavation vessel or barge, and is designed to accommodate a large amount of soil. The preferred size of the shipping vessel is at least 50,000 DWT (DWT, 'loading heavy mouth), more preferably at least i 〇〇〇〇〇, even more preferably to ^ 150000 DWT, and optimally At least 200000 DWT or larger. very. Suitable shipping vessels include modified riding type (Ο(4)(4) ships and Panamax (PanamaxX) vessels, which have traditionally been used to transport cargo from the main port to another port. Another method is to use the modified VLCC s. (Extra large tanker). These shipping vessels have been modified to accommodate a large amount of soil cement slurry 'as can be understood' because the cement allows the amount of water in the cement to have a high specific gravity and Providing a stability problem. The correction preferably involves providing a side ballast tank to the delivery vessel. The general side ballast provides the required buoyancy or floating power to the vessel. The 201006987 and other side ballast tanks The chambers of the chambers facing the opposite side walls may be as large as the width of the cabins, thereby sacrificing storage at the expense of buoyancy. Surprisingly, for transporting large amounts of soil as discussed above over large distances , the animal still leads to a cost-effective solution. It may transport the excavated soil by means of a transport vessel. However, the constant ship will sail to form a so-called military fleet. The method of 'unification here' is only the corpse, the excavation vessel is made Xiao, and the amount of soil that can be excavated each year depends on the distance to be covered, which is about 4 million cubic meters, or even only 3 million cubic meters. In a preferred embodiment, the method according to the present invention allows for the transport of up to 2 million cubic meters per year, where the soil is transported in a wet state. This embodiment will be further described below. A further advantage of the method according to the invention is that soil of virtually any desired quality can be transported to the site of cultivation of the land. The conventional method depends on the quality of the soil present in the vicinity of the site of the land reclamation, Or the tether is too expensive. The soil quality required can be expressed, for example, in terms of its particle size distribution. In general, the finer the soil, the better its quality. Other qualities determined by those skilled in the art are well known. Can be used. A disadvantage of this conventional method is that it accommodates the required soil transport rate 'may require many excavation devices in the vicinity of the land reclamation area, the result is Fully excavating vessels. This requires detailed coordination and logistics. Furthermore, additional safety measures may be required at the location of the site. The method according to the invention does not have this disadvantage. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in A long distance is transported from the mining area to the land reclamation area. The preferred long distance is a single sailing distance of more than 5 km, more preferably a single sailing distance of more than 1 km, and Preferably, the single navigation distance is above 1500 km. In a further aspect of the invention, the method includes excavating the soil in the at least one mud-removing area and assisting the soil with the aid of the excavating device Shipped to the transport vessel. Preferred excavation devices include a cutter suction dredger and/or a trailing suction hopper dredger. In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the excavated soil is dried to a water content within the allowable transportable moisture limit for drying before the excavated soil is loaded into the transport vessel. Bulk carrier (also known as the dry specific embodiment). The allowable transportable moisture limit comprises a water content of less than 2% of the total weight of the excavated soil, and more preferably a water content of less than Μ% of the total weight of the excavated soil. The water content of the preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention is achieved by loading the excavated soil into at least one buffer vessel to achieve the loading of the excavated 1$ soil into the vessel. This drying effect. In still another aspect of the invention, the transport vessel mechanically unloads the soil by a crane or by the mechanism of the cabin of any other vessel. This is better in this case. 'The method according to the invention comprises from the soil to the site of the colonization, suitably excavating and lifting the soil away from the dry method of the transport method. In yet another embodiment of the method according to the invention, The excavation 201006987 vessel includes - a suction dredger. When using such a suction dredger, the method according to the invention preferably comprises a suction dredger having a loading unit for the excavated soil and an overflow pipe for excess moisture. And providing the overflow so that the excavated soil has a water content greater than 20% of the total weight of the excavated soil, and more preferably before the excavated soil is loaded into the transport vessel The water content between 20% and 35 percent of the total weight of the excavated soil. Even more preferably, the excavated soil has a water content between 25 and 3 percent of the total weight of the excavated soil before it is loaded into the transport vessel (also This wet specific embodiment is referred to). In still another preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the unloading of the soil by the transport vessel to the site is performed hydraulically by means of a pump provided with a high pressure nozzle for pumping The soil in the transport vessel is fluidized before the soil leaves. This is particularly preferred in the wet embodiment of the method. ❹ The method according to the invention is advantageously used to transport a large amount of underwater soil, and in particular sand, to a colonization site by a long-distance dredging area. In another preferred embodiment, the method according to the present invention is used to excavate and transport a large amount of underwater sand containing ore. [Embodiment] Referring to Fig. 1, a transport vessel 1 is shown as being used as in the first embodiment of the present invention. The transport vessel 1 has a size that is considerably larger than a typical size excavation vessel or barge and is designed to accommodate a large amount of soil entering the cabin 2, which cabins are shown in their concealed state 9 201006987. The preferred size of the transport vessel 1 is at least 5 inches, 〇〇〇DWT (DWT means total deadweight tons), more preferably at least 1 inch, 〇〇〇DWT, even more preferably at least 150,000 DWT, and Most preferably at least 200 000 DWT or larger. In order to be able to carry a large amount of excavated soil (or excavated cement slurry), the transport vessel 1 is equipped with a side ballast tank and a central cargo test (not shown). The side ballast tank preferably provides the required buoyancy to the transport vessel to support this stability. Furthermore, the transport vessel is preferably provided with reinforcements for the cabins 2 to hold the soil cement slurry, the soil water/Nirong is generally abrasive and has about 2 megagrams per cubic meter. The large density of the order of magnitude. The vessel 1 is further provided with a bow coupling and a line from the seesaw to the different cabins 2. These cabins 2 may further be provided with an overflow pipe system and a diffuser. Referring to Figure 2, a method for transporting a large amount of underwater soil from a long-distance mining area to a land reclamation site includes the step of mooring at least one ocean-going transport vessel in the vicinity of a mud-removing area. In the method according to the invention, a digging vessel 3 (possibly excavating a vessel system is also possible) is used to collect the underwater soil. In the method of the present invention, at least a digging vessel 3 is provided which excavates the bottom soil in the mud mining area, and preferably transports the soil to the transport vessel 1 via line 5 and loads the soil into the transport The vessel will arrive at the desired filling level. The excavation vessel 3 can be any excavating device suitable for its purpose. The excavated soil system is then transported over a long distance to the land reclamation site with the aid of the transport vessel 1. In Figures 2 to 7, a first specific embodiment of the method according to the invention is shown. As shown in circle 2, this embodiment includes excavating 201006987 soil in a mud mining area and transporting the soil to a buffer vessel 4 assisted by a suction dredger 3, the articulated dredger It is known by itself. The sluice dredger 3 is anchored to the bottom of the sea and is moored, and is provided with a rotating reamer head which is alternately dragged from the port side to the starboard side above the bottom in operation, so that some The circular soil path is run. The excavated soil is transported to the buffer vessel 4 by a line 5, preferably floating on the surface of the water, which in this particular embodiment is a 25 〇〇〇〇dwt jellyfish type bulk vessel. The buffer vessel 4 has the effect of drying the excavated soil to a water content of less than about 2% of the total weight of the excavated soil, and more preferably less than 15 percent. Drying is achieved, for example, by storing the soil cement slurry on a lattice plate and allowing the water to drain away under the force of gravity, or by providing perforations in the bottom ribs of the buffer vessel, the perforations being designed It is suitable for allowing water to pass through but retaining such soil particles. The buffer vessel may also be provided with reinforcements for the (4) to hold the abrasive and very heavy soil cement slurry, and to provide a bow coupling, and to provide a pipeline to the different cabins on the raft. . These cabins may further be provided with an overflow pipe system and a diffuser pipe. As shown in Fig. 3, the soil 7 which has been dried in the buffer vessel 4 is transported by the vessel 6 of the buffer vessel* to the cabin 2 of the transport vessel 1 in the next step of the first embodiment. The transported dry soil from the buffer vessel 4 to the transport vessel 1 can be mechanically carried out by a crane or by any other means of excavating and lifting the soil leaving the vessel (4), as by the arrow It is displayed in outline. In a further step of the method, the dried soil raft is then assisted by the ship's support in the state of 11 201006987 (meaning that it is sent to the long-distance Fortress site. The transport system is conveniently back and forth...& A full-fledged transport vessel 1a is returned to the dredging area by an empty vessel 113 to the site of the site to collect the soil, as generally shown in Figure 4. At or near the site of the colony, the transport vessel is moored at the dock or anchored in any other suitable manner. The transport vessel t 1 # carrying the soil to the colony 35 is sufficient in many ways. In the tenth embodiment, wherein the dredged cement slurry has a relatively low water content, the transport vessel 1 directly unloads the soil to the site, to the ground, or to another (smaller) vessel. It is mechanically implemented by a crane such as the crane 8 shown in Fig. 5. A suitable crane for this work is a 50 ton SWL, high speed, heavy duty grab bucket crane. weight The machine 6 is transferred to a buffer unit where the cement slurry is fluidized by injecting water into the cement slurry. The fluidized cement slurry is then pumped through line 9, preferably directly to the slurry. The land reclamation site 'is shown in Fig. 6. ❿ Referring to Fig. 7' shows a transport vessel 1 for use in a second embodiment of the invention. The transport vessel 1 〇 again has a more than a typical size excavation vessel Or the barge is quite large in size and is designed to accommodate a large amount of soil entering its cabin 20, which is shown in its concealed state. A suitable vessel 10 is approximately VLCC of approximately 350,000 DWT (special) Large tankers. In order to be able to carry a large amount of excavated soil (or excavated cement slurry), the transport vessel 10 is equipped with side ballast tanks and a central cargo load 12 201006987 (not shown), and for such The cabin 2 is equipped with reinforcements. Referring to Figure 8, a method for transporting a large amount of underwater soil from a long-distance mud-collecting area to a land reclamation site includes the following steps: parking the vessel 10 near a mud-collecting area And collecting the bottom soil by means of a digging vessel 3 (which is also possible for the excavation of the vessel system), which in the present embodiment is a suction dredger. The suction dredger 3 excavates the bottom soil and passes through The pipeline 5 transports the underwater soil to the transport vessel 1 as shown in Figure 9. In the present embodiment, the excavation vessel includes a loading unit for the excavated soil, the loading unit being provided with a An overflow pipe for excess moisture, and the overflow pipe is provided such that when the excavated soil is loaded into the transport vessel, the excavated soil has 20% more water than the total weight of the excavated soil The content allows the excavated soil to be directly transported by the pipeline 5 to the vessel of the transport vessel 1 . In another step of the method, the wet excavated soil is followed by the transport vessel 10 This assists in transporting the transportable state (meaning within the range of water content indicated) to the long-distance reclamation site, as shown in Figure 1A. Upon arrival at or near the site of the land, the vessel is moored along a pier or anchored in any other suitable manner and unloaded. In the present embodiment, the unloading of the soil by the transport vessel 1 to the colony site is preferably performed hydraulically by one or more pumps, as shown in Figure 2. In this embodiment, the transport vessel 10 is moored to a bulk cargo handling crane (irans_shipper) 1 , a floating dock, and the like. The bulk loading and unloading line η is provided with an arm 12 that can enter the cabin of the transport vessel ίο. On the arm 12, install a liquid or electric 13 201006987 driven excavation pump 13 . $. Method 4, & «d' or the pumping system is connected to several pipelines 1': the pipelines are positioned with or in close proximity to the vessel #20 in the vessel 10 It is excavated in the soil. Preferably, the arm 12 has a plurality of high-pitched mouths (not shown), and the high-rise nozzles fluidize the body: the excavating soil near the mouth is "." Due to the combination of initial water content and body composition, the excavated soil is easily sucked up by the pipelines and transported directly via line 15 to the site, to the ground, or to another for further transportation. (smaller) vessel. In yet another preferred embodiment, the method according to the present invention is used to excavate and transport a large amount of underwater sand including ore. It is well known that a large number of ores, such as copper, iron, manganese, and others exist in the sand bank, which have not yet been mined due to the lack of a suitable technology. It is shown that the method according to the invention is also particularly suitable for the mining of this ore containing sandbar. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the following drawings, which are not to be construed as limited. In the drawings: FIG. 1 schematically shows a transport vessel used in a first embodiment of the method according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a perspective representation of a combination of a transport vessel and a excavation barge, The transport vessel and the excavation barge are as typically used in the first embodiment of the method of the present invention; FIG. 3 schematically shows a perspective view of a combination of a buffer vessel and a transport vessel, such as a typical use of the buffer vessel and the transport vessel In the first embodiment of the method 201006987 of the present invention; FIG. 4 schematically shows a second transport vessel, such as the user in the first embodiment; the method according to the invention. FIG. 5 shows an overview of an unloading system. A first embodiment for the method according to the invention: the unloading system is provided with a perspective representation of the land reclamation site in Fig. 6 provided with the 'the land of the land according to the method of the invention; Figure 7 schematically shows a transport vessel, according to a second embodiment of the method of the invention, the transport vessel is used in the root; Figure 8 is a transport vessel And a perspective view of a combination of excavation barges, a schematic view of the vessel and a barge, such as the second embodiment of the method of the invention; ❹ Figure 9 schematically shows a shipping vessel and a digging barge A perspective view of the combination during the loading of the shipping vessel, as is typical in the second embodiment of the method of the present invention; FIG. 10 schematically shows a shipping vessel in a loaded state, as in The user of the second embodiment of the method of the invention; and finally, the schematic front view of an unloading system, which is used in a second embodiment of the method according to the invention. [Main component symbol description] None 15