200950501 六、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種自動立體顯示裝置，其包括：一顯示 面板，其Λ·有用於產生-顯示之一顯示像素陣歹;及複數 個諸如（例如）透鏡狀元件之視圖指引構件，其配置於該顯 • 示面板上方且透過其觀察該等顯示像素。本發明係進一步 • 關於一種控制一自動立體顯示裝置之方法及一種用於使得 一可程式化裝置能夠執行該方法之電腦程式產品。 Φ 【先前技術】 -種已知自動立體顯示裝置包括一二維液晶顯示面板， 該二維液晶顯示面板具有充當一空間光調變器來產生顯示 之一顯示像素列及行陣列，平行於彼此延伸之一細長透鏡 狀元件陣列上覆顯示像素陣列，且透過此等透鏡狀元件觀 察該等顯示像素。 該等透鏡狀元件提供為一元件薄層，其中每一個元件皆 係-細長半圓柱狀透鏡狀元件。該等透鏡狀元件沿該顯示 • 面板之行方向延伸（或相對於行方向傾斜），其中每一個透 鏡狀元件上覆兩列或更多列她鄰顯示像素之一相應群組。 在一其中（例如）每一個透鏡狀元件皆與兩列顯示像素相 關聯之配置中，每-個行中之顯示像素提供一相應二維子 影像之-垂直片段。來自該薄層之該等透鏡狀元件將該兩 個片段及來自與其它透鏡狀元件相關聯之顯示像素行之對 應片段指引至位於該自動立體顯示裝置前面的一使用者/ 觀察者的左眼及右眼，以使該使用者觀察一單個自動立體 I38064.doc -4- 200950501 影像。該透鏡狀元件薄層因此提供一光輸出指引功能，且 —般稱為一視圖指引構件。 在其它配置中’每一個透鏡狀元件皆沿列方向與一多於 兩個地鄰顯示像素群組相關聯。每一個群組中之對應顯示 像素行經適當配置以提供一來自一相應二維子影像之垂直 片段。當一使用者的頭部相對於自動立體顯示裝置自左向 右移動時，感知到一系列連續、不同、立體視圖，從而產 生（例如）一環顧印象。 ® 上述裝置提供一有效三維顯示或影像。然而，應瞭解， 為k供立體視圖’必須犧牲該裝置之解析度，此乃因每一 個視圖皆係由顯示面板之不同像素產生。此解析度損失係 隨著視圖數目的增加而增加。然而，一更大數目的視圖可 給出改良的3D顯現，例如使得能夠產生一環顧效應。視圖 的數目相依於透鏡狀薄層及元件的設計。 已提出藉由使用一相機來追蹤觀察者的頭部的移動，以 在不同情形下及時偵測觀察者的頭部《頭部追蹤之一種已 ❿ 提出之用途係控制顯示中之顯現以使得觀察者看到相同對 視圖。此可用於避免觀察者在圓錐邊界交又時看到一反轉 . 立體影像。然而，此不使得能夠改良一環顧效應。 【發明内容】 本發明之一目標係提供一種自動立體顯示裝置，其具有 改良的自動立體效應（例如，改良的環顧效應）但具有相對 低的解析度損失。 本發明係由獨立請求項加以界定。該等隨附請求項界定 138064.doc 200950501 有利實施例。 根據本發明，提供一接ώ& '、種自動立體顯示裝置，复 -一顯示面板，其具右田μ* 丹包括： 、用於產生一顯示之一翻_ a * 列，該等㈣像素—列及行配置； —像素陣 -一視圖指引構件，其 、配置於該顯示面板上方 等顯示像素之光輸出狁方以供指引該 疋鞠出從而向一觀察者提 像，其中該顯示面板之一.& 目動立體影 ❹ 第-數目η之觀察區域，藉助 」-成 觀察區域提供一組顯示像辛，從…5丨構件給每-個 該視場提供η個不同視圓，其中咖 期期間向 -一觀察者追蹤系統，盆用 八用於確疋至少一個觀察者之位 置，及 _ 一影像顯現系統，其向該等不同觀察區域提供-3D景像 之不同視圖’每-個視圖皆係基於該扣景像自—或多個不 同觀察點之外觀， 其中該等不同視圖係相依於該所確定之觀察者位置來選 # ’且其中所有可能所確定之觀察者位置之可能不同視囷 數目大於數目n。 該裝置能夠顯示比由該視圖指引構件所產生之觀察區域 數目大數目的視圖。以此方式，可減少因視圖指引構件之 使用而導致的解析度損失或將其保持為最小，同時向一觀 察者h供一增加數目之視圖。該等增加數目之視圖可用於 改良一環顧效應，或用於改良/使觀察區域之間的影像過 渡平滑。 I38064.doc •6_ 200950501 由於所有可能所確定之觀察者位置之可能不同視圖數 、」意私可能自一既定3D景像在某一瞬間及時產生（相依 於觀察者位置)之不同視圖數目。因此，在一習用自動立 體顯示器中，甚；. 右存在η個觀察區域，則在某一瞬間及時之 既疋3D景像將經處理以給出個視圖或η個視圖之一部 & °本發明提供比觀察區域多的視®，且此等視圖可各自 係對景像自—相應觀察點之表示，或其可係景像自相應觀 察點之-較小組表示之不同處理版本。 本發明因此提供改變該等觀察區域中之顯示之該組選定 視圖的機會，並隨之使此選擇適於一相應觀察點。如此， 本發明因此允許針對一既定觀察點之所感知之自動立體顯 示/影像之最優化，而無須増加觀察區域之數目（即，不改 變視圖指引構件）。自一個觀察點改變為另一觀察點可因 此涉及省略一觀察區域内之一個視圖，同時在該相同觀察 區域内添加另一視圖，從而最優化一觀察點之視場。 在一實施例中’該觀察者追蹤系統可用於偵測一觀察區 域内之移動’且該影像顯現系統適於回應於該所债測之移 動改變該觀察區域之視圖。因此，在觀察者在一個觀察區 域内朝向下一個觀察區域移動時可提供視圖之間的—逐漸 過渡。則該所改變之視圖係該組視圖中之一者，其在數目 上大於觀察區域之數目。 在一實施例中’該影像顯現系統可適於回應於該所確定 之觀察者位置在毗鄰觀察區域視圖之間實施一定量的串棱 減少。 138064.doc 200950501 在實施例中，該觀察者追蹤系統係用於偵測跨越觀察 區域邊界之移動，且該影像顯現系統適於回應於該所偵測 之移動改變該觀察區域之視圖。此可用於向觀察區域提供 額外視圖《在任一時刻仍可僅顯示n個視圖，但可存在多 於η個觀察點以避免環繞。 在實施例中，該觀察者追縱系統可用於追蹤一單個觀 -察者之位置，或用於追蹤多個觀察者（諸如，例如兩個觀 察者）之位置。亦可存在多於兩個觀察者。在彼情形下， ❹ ㉟系統變得更為複雜且需要注意來自不同觀察者之可能相 衝突要求》 該觀察者追蹤系統可用於追蹤一觀察者或多個觀察者之 左右位置。然而，其亦可追蹤一觀察者或該等觀察者之上 下位置以使得該（等）觀察者能夠自下方或上方觀看。 該觀察者追蹤系統可包括至少一個被動元件及/或至少 -個主動元件’其中該至少—個主動元件經運作以使得該 冑察者追蹤系統使用任-用於此目的之適合形式的電磁輻 射相對於顯示器定位該主動元件，該電磁輻射諸如（例如） 间頻輻射、超聲波、光或紅外光。該主動元件可係該顯示 器之一部分，而該被動元件係觀察者之一部分或係觀察 者，或反之亦然。該主動元件可係任一適合偵測器，諸如 -光電二極體或一成像相機。另一選擇為或另外，該被動 π件可係一接收器，而該主動元件係一用於傳輸及接收電 k號之傳感器。另一選擇為或另外，觀察者可具有傳輸器 及接收器，同時顯示器亦具有傳輸器及接收器。 138064.doc 200950501 該視圖指引構件可係具有所界定之功能（即在一自動 立體顯示裝置中提供觀察區域)之任—視圖指引構件。因 此，視圖指引構件包含（例如）屏障構件，該屏障構件在一 不透明薄層中包括一狹縫陣列。較佳地，該視圖指引構件 包括-包括透鏡狀元件之透鏡狀薄層。此處如上所述，此 •可係一平行透鏡狀透鏡元件陣列。 該顯示面板可係任-電子顯示面板，包含（但不限於）： 一陰極射線管（CRT)、電漿面板（PP)、-發光二極體（LED) ❹ 面板（有機或無機）或-液晶顯示（LCD)面板。較佳地，該 顯示面板係一平板顯示面板，諸如（例如）PP、LED或 LCD。 / 根據本發明，亦提供一種控制一自動立體顯示裝置之方 法，該自動立體顯示裝置具有一劃分成一第一數目η之觀 察區域之視場，從而可向該視場提供η個不同視圖，其中 η22 ’其中該方法包括： -確定至少一個觀察者之位置；及 β -使用-影像顯現系統來向該等不同觀察區域提供一犯景 像之不同視圖，該等不同視圖中之每一相應者皆係基於該 3D景像自一或多個不同觀察點之外觀。 其中該等不同視圖係相依於該所確定之觀察者位置來選 擇，且其中所有可能確定之觀察者位置之可能不同視圖數 目大於數目η。 根據本發明，亦提供一種用於控制一自動立體顯示裝置 之控制系統’該控制系統適於實施本發明之方法。 138064.doc 200950501 根據本發明’提供一種用於使得一可程式化裝置能夠執 行該方法之電腦程式產品。該方法可由一電腦程式實施。 該程式可含在一載體内，諸如任一類型之磁碟或可攜式記 憶體。另一選擇為，該可程式化裝置可係一經由半導體工 業中已知之標準方法製造之積體電路。可將該可程式化裝 置併入一個人電腦中或構建於自動立體顯示裝置中。 【實施方式】 本發明提供一種自動立體顯示裝置及一種用於控制該自 動立體顯*裝置之方法，纟中由該視圖指引構件所達成之 視圖數目增加，且欲顯示之視圖係基於追蹤至少一個觀察 者之位置來選擇。 圖1係一已知直接視圖自動立體顯示裝置丨之一示意性透 視圖β已知裝置！包括—主動矩陣類型之液晶顯示面板3, 其充當一空間光調變器來產生顯示。 顯示面板3具有-按列及行配置之正交顯示像㈣車列。200950501 VI. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The present invention relates to an autostereoscopic display device comprising: a display panel having a display pixel array for generating-displaying; and a plurality of such as For example, a view directing member of a lenticular element is disposed above the display panel and through which the display pixels are viewed. The present invention is further directed to a method of controlling an autostereoscopic display device and a computer program product for enabling a programmable device to perform the method. Φ [Prior Art] A known autostereoscopic display device includes a two-dimensional liquid crystal display panel having a spatial light modulator to generate a display pixel column and a row array, parallel to each other An array of elongated lenticular elements is overlaid on the display pixel array, and the display pixels are viewed through the lenticular elements. The lenticular elements are provided as a thin layer of elements, each of which is an elongated semi-cylindrical lenticular element. The lenticular elements extend in the row direction of the display panel (or are inclined with respect to the row direction), wherein each of the lenticular elements is overlaid with a corresponding group of one or more of the adjacent display pixels. In a configuration in which, for example, each lenticular element is associated with two columns of display pixels, the display pixels in each of the rows provide a vertical segment of the corresponding two-dimensional sub-image. The lenticular elements from the thin layer direct the two segments and corresponding segments from the display pixel rows associated with the other lenticular elements to the left eye of a user/observer located in front of the autostereoscopic display device And the right eye, so that the user observes a single autostereo I38064.doc -4-200950501 image. The thin layer of lenticular elements thus provides a light output directing function and is generally referred to as a view directing member. In other configurations, each lenticular element is associated with a group of more than two adjacent display pixels in the column direction. The corresponding display pixel rows in each group are suitably configured to provide a vertical segment from a corresponding two-dimensional sub-image. When a user's head moves from left to right relative to the autostereoscopic display device, a series of continuous, different, stereoscopic views are perceived, resulting in, for example, a look around. ® The above device provides a valid 3D display or image. However, it should be understood that the stereoscopic view for k must sacrifice the resolution of the device, since each view is produced by a different pixel of the display panel. This resolution loss increases as the number of views increases. However, a larger number of views can give improved 3D visualization, e.g., enabling a look-around effect. The number of views depends on the design of the lenticular sheet and the components. It has been proposed to track the movement of the observer's head by using a camera to detect the observer's head in a timely manner in different situations. "A type of head tracking has been used to control the appearance of the display in order to make observation See the same pair of views. This can be used to prevent the observer from seeing an inversion when the conic boundary is crossed. However, this does not make it possible to improve a look-around effect. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION One object of the present invention is to provide an autostereoscopic display device having improved autostereoscopic effects (e.g., improved look-around effect) but with relatively low resolution loss. The invention is defined by independent claims. These accompanying claims define 138064.doc 200950501 an advantageous embodiment. According to the present invention, there is provided an interface & ', an autostereoscopic display device, a complex-one display panel having a right-handed display, comprising: for generating a display, a _ a * column, the (four) pixels - Column and row configuration; - a pixel array - a view directing member disposed on the light output of the display pixel above the display panel for guiding the output to present an image to an observer, wherein the display panel 1. & 目 立体 立体 ❹ ❹ 数目 ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ ❹ During the coffee period, the system is tracked to an observer, the basin is used to determine the position of at least one observer, and the image visualization system provides a different view of the -3D scene to the different viewing areas. Each view is based on the appearance of the buckle image from - or a plurality of different viewpoints, wherein the different views are dependent on the determined observer position to select # ' and all of the possible observer positions are determined May be different The number is greater than the number n. The device is capable of displaying a larger number of views than the number of viewing areas produced by the view directing member. In this way, the loss of resolution due to the use of the view directing member can be reduced or kept to a minimum while providing an increased number of views to an observer h. These increased number of views can be used to improve a look-around effect or to improve/smooth image transitions between viewing areas. I38064.doc •6_ 200950501 The number of different views that may be determined by all possible identified observer positions, “The number of different views that may be generated in a timely manner (depending on the observer position) from a given 3D scene. Therefore, in a conventional autostereoscopic display, even if there are n observation areas on the right, then at a certain moment, the 3D scene will be processed to give a view or one of the n views & The present invention provides more views than the viewing area, and such views may each be a representation of the scene from the respective viewpoint, or it may be a different processing version of the scene from the corresponding observation point - the smaller group representation. The present invention thus provides an opportunity to change the set of selected views displayed in the viewing areas and thereby adapt the selection to a corresponding viewing point. Thus, the present invention thus allows for the optimization of auto-stereoscopic display/images perceived for a given point of view without the need to increase the number of viewing areas (i.e., without changing the view directing member). Changing from one observation point to another observation point may involve omitting one view in an observation area while adding another view in the same observation area to optimize the field of view of an observation point. In one embodiment, the viewer tracking system can be used to detect movement within an observation area and the image rendering system is adapted to change the view of the viewing area in response to the movement of the debt. Thus, a gradual transition between views can be provided as the observer moves toward the next viewing area in one viewing area. The changed view is then one of the set of views, which is greater in number than the number of viewing areas. In an embodiment, the image rendering system can be adapted to effect a certain amount of edge reduction between adjacent viewing area views in response to the determined observer position. 138064.doc 200950501 In an embodiment, the observer tracking system is for detecting movement across a boundary of the viewing area, and the image rendering system is adapted to change the view of the viewing area in response to the detected movement. This can be used to provide an additional view to the viewing area. "You can still display only n views at any one time, but there can be more than n observation points to avoid wrapping. In an embodiment, the viewer tracking system can be used to track the location of a single viewer or to track the location of multiple observers, such as, for example, two observers. There can also be more than two observers. In this case, the system becomes more complex and requires attention to possible conflicting requirements from different observers. The observer tracking system can be used to track the left and right positions of an observer or multiple observers. However, it can also track the position of an observer or such observers above or above to enable the observer to view from below or above. The observer tracking system can include at least one passive component and/or at least one active component 'where the at least one active component is operative to cause the observer tracking system to use any suitable form of electromagnetic radiation for this purpose The active element is positioned relative to the display, such as, for example, inter-frequency radiation, ultrasound, light, or infrared light. The active component can be part of the display and the passive component is part of the viewer or observer, or vice versa. The active component can be any suitable detector, such as a photodiode or an imaging camera. Alternatively or additionally, the passive π component can be a receiver, and the active component is a sensor for transmitting and receiving the electric k number. Alternatively or additionally, the viewer may have a transmitter and a receiver, and the display also has a transmitter and a receiver. 138064.doc 200950501 The view directing member can be any view-directing member having a defined function (i.e., providing an viewing area in an autostereoscopic display device). Thus, the view directing member includes, for example, a barrier member that includes an array of slits in an opaque sheet. Preferably, the view directing member comprises - a lenticular sheet comprising lenticular elements. As described above, this can be an array of parallel lenticular lens elements. The display panel can be an electronic display panel, including but not limited to: a cathode ray tube (CRT), a plasma panel (PP), a light emitting diode (LED), a panel (organic or inorganic) or Liquid crystal display (LCD) panel. Preferably, the display panel is a flat panel display panel such as, for example, PP, LED or LCD. According to the present invention, there is also provided a method of controlling an autostereoscopic display device having a field of view divided into a first number n of viewing areas such that n different views can be provided to the field of view, wherein Η22 'where the method comprises: - determining a position of at least one observer; and a beta-use-image rendering system to provide different views of the scene to the different viewing areas, each of the different views Based on the appearance of the 3D scene from one or more different viewpoints. The different views are selected dependent on the determined observer position, and the number of possible different views of all possible identified observer positions is greater than the number η. According to the present invention, there is also provided a control system for controlling an autostereoscopic display device. The control system is adapted to implement the method of the present invention. 138064.doc 200950501 provides a computer program product for enabling a programmable device to perform the method in accordance with the present invention. The method can be implemented by a computer program. The program can be contained within a carrier such as any type of disk or portable memory. Alternatively, the programmable device can be an integrated circuit fabricated by standard methods known in the semiconductor industry. The programmable device can be incorporated into a personal computer or built into an autostereoscopic display device. [Embodiment] The present invention provides an autostereoscopic display device and a method for controlling the autostereoscopic display device, wherein the number of views achieved by the view directing member is increased, and the view to be displayed is based on tracking at least one Choose the position of the observer. Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of a known direct view autostereoscopic display device. A liquid crystal display panel 3 of the active matrix type is included, which acts as a spatial light modulator to produce a display. The display panel 3 has an orthogonal display image (four) train arranged in columns and rows.
為清楚起見，僅顯示少數顯示像素5。實際上，顯示面板3 可包括約一千列及數千行顯示像素 液曰曰顯不面板3之結構係完全f用結構。特^而言，面 板3包括-對間隔開之透明玻璃基板，其間提供有一對準 T轉向列型液晶或其它液晶材料。該等基板在其面向表面 等：：透明氧化銦錫(IT〇)電極圖案。極化層亦提供於該 寻基板之外部表面上。 電實例中’每—個顯示像素5皆在基板上包括對置 ，其間具有介人液晶材料。顯示像素5之形狀及佈局 138〇64.do, 200950501 係由該等電極之形狀及佈局來確定。顯示像素5由空隙彼 此規則地間隔開。 每一個顯示像素5皆與一諸如一薄膜電晶體（TFT)或薄膜 二極體（TFD)之切換元件相關聯。該等顯示像素經運作以 藉由向該等切換元件提供定址信號來產生顯示，且熟習此 項技術者將知曉適合定址方案。 顯示面板3由一光源7照明，在此情形下，光源7包括一 在顯示像素陣列之範圍上方延伸之平面背光。來自光源7 參 的光經指引透過顯示面板3，其中個別顯示像素5經驅動以 調變該光並產生顯示。 顯示裝置1亦包括一配置於顯示面板3之顯示侧上方之透 鏡狀薄層9,透鏡狀薄層9實施一視圖形成功能。透鏡狀薄 層9包括一行平行於彼此延伸之透鏡狀元件u，為清楚起 見’僅以誇大尺寸顯示該等透鏡狀元件中之一者。 透鏡狀元件11在此特定實例中係呈凸面圓柱透鏡形式， 且其充當一光輸出指引構件以向位於顯示裝置面的一 ® 使用者的眼睛提供來自顯示面板3之不同影像或視圖。 圖1中所不之自動立體顯示裝置丨能夠沿不同方向提供數 個不同透視圖。特定而言，每一個透鏡狀元件n皆沿每一 列上覆一小的顯示像素5群組。透鏡狀元件n沿一不同方 向投影一群組之每一個顯示像素5,從而形成數個不同視 圖。在使用者的頭部自左向右移動時，他/她的眼睛將依 次接收該數個視圖中之不同視圖。 圖2A及2B顯示一五個視圖顯示，即，具有一帶有五個 138064.doc -11· 200950501 觀察區域之視場之一顯示’該等觀察區域亦常常稱為觀察 圓錐。因此自1至5將觀察圓錐編號。應注意，可做出其它 配置。舉例而言，可做出具有9個觀察區域之顯示。US 6064424或US 6118584中闡述了基於透鏡狀元件之自動立 體顯示裝置（此處諸如上文中所述之基於透鏡狀元件之自 動立體顯示裝置）及透鏡狀薄層提供自動立體性之功能的 一更精確或詳細說明。雖然在第一專利中使用諸如（例如） 一規則LCD顯示器之一習用顯示面板，但在第二專利中進 參 一步對該顯示面板加以調整。然而，該調整不變更本發明 工作之方式。本發明之一般適用性亦隨其帶來其可用於一 自動立體顯示器中’其中正使用呈一視差屏障形式之視圖 指引構件獲取自動立體性。us 6727866中詳細闡述了此一 顯示器之一實例。在此一顯示器中，觀察區域係藉由沿相 關特定方向阻擋特定像素的光形成，因此，雖然形成觀察 區域的方式與一使用（例如）透鏡狀元件之顯示器不同，但 本發明之應用或使用相似或類似並將具有相同益處。注 在 意，在一基於視差之系統中，一個屏障阻擋某些方向之 光’且因此全部像素光之一部分不被使用。為此，較佳 地’本發明可與一基於透鏡狀元件之顯示器一起使用此 乃因在此等發出較高亮度的顯示器中沒有像素光被浪費。 然而’此與本發明無關。 參照本發明之進一步闡述，在圖2A中，其顯示一觀察者 的左眼（例如）在圓錐2中而右眼在圓錐3中。 頭部追縱之一個所提出之用途係用於顯示中之顯現其 138064.doc •12· 200950501 經控制以使得他的眼睛將保持在相同觀察圓錐中。此顯示 於圖2Β中。該觀察者已向右移動，但影像顯現已經控制以 使該觀察者之每一隻眼睛皆看見相同立體視圖。此方法尤 其適於一僅具有兩個視圖（舉例而言，區丨、3及5係相同視 圖）之自動立體顯示。此頭部追蹤避免該觀察者在圓錐邊 界交叉時看見一反轉的立體影像。 本發明亦使用頭部追蹤，但此並非用於維持於形同觀察 圓錐中。 0 在一第一實例中，引入額外視圖以給出使用者亦可環顧 3D景像的印象。 圖3顯示根據本發明之此實例影像顯現可怎樣回應於所 追蹤之觀察者移動而改變。 在觀察者自圖2Α中所示之位置向右移動時，首先右眼移 動至圓雜4且左眼移動至圓錐3。接著，右眼移動至圓錐5 且左眼移動至圓錐4。在無基於觀察者位置之影像處理之 情形下，此係該觀察者可移動的最遠位置。若該觀察者跨 β 越下一個邊界，則所看見之視圖將係視圖5及丨，其不對應 於一立體對，此乃因視圖1係一自最左觀察位置之視圖且 視圖5係一來最右觀察位置之視圖）。 如圖3中所示，使用該觀察者之移動來改變所顯示之影 像。用視圖6替代視圖1，並用視圖7替代視圖2。可由觀察 者回應於一圓錐邊界之每一個交又一次改變一個視圖。因 此，每當觀察者移位一個視圖時，顯現一新周圍視圖（沿 移動方向）’並將其添加至移動方向。注意，此顯現可係 I38064.doc -13. 200950501 基於遞送至自動立體顯示裝置之視圖之剪切選擇。在彼情 形下，此等視圖將已在立體或3D内容產生期間被完成，並 將被如此提供給其中選擇正確視圖之顯現系統。在一替代 情形下’自動立體顯示裝置之顯現系統能夠自供應至其之 顯示資訊提前或即時計算必需視圖。在彼情形下，具有此 一顯現裝置之自動立體顯示裝置可更多用於使用不同格式 顯示資訊。 在圖3中’已用兩個新的最右視圖替代兩個最左視圖（視 ❹ 圖1及2)。 此配置可使得所顯示之視圖數目保持在5，且透鏡配置 相應地設計有一對應於一 5個視圖系統之解析度損失。然 而，可顯示之不同視圖的數目更大》在一般意義上，顯示 面板之觀察區域被該透鏡配置劃分成一第一數目η之區域 (在此實例中’ η=5) ’每一個區域映射至一組相關聯之顯 示像素，從而可向觀察區域同時提供η個不同視圖。然 而’影像顯現此夠產生在數目上大於數目η之一組視圖。 ❿ 以此方式，使用者可越來越多地環顧目標。 除觀察區域數目之外’視圖之最大可能數目亦相依於内 谷。舉例而s ’右·該内容供應為2D+深度，則將允許竿ι一 最大移位，否則閉塞範圍變得太大。 若閉塞資訊可用’則最大移位則可變得更高，此乃因間 隙可被該閉塞資訊填充。 若自電腦產生（合成）之内容（如，遊戲）即時計算2d及深 度資訊’則可改變遊戲之顯現相機位置並如此無限觀察體 138064.doc -14- 200950501 驗（直至由實體顯示特徵界定之最大觀察邊緣）。此影像顯 現可比每次一觀察者的眼睛跨越一區域邊界更經常地實 施，但其可係一低頻更新，此乃因該觀察者之位置將不迅 速地改變。在以上實例中，該觀察者追蹤系統特定而言用 於偵測跨越觀察區域邊界之移動。然而，觀察者追蹤系統 可另外偵測一觀察區域内之移動。然後’該影像顯現系統 方可適於回應於所偵測之移動改變該觀察區域之視圖。 尤其對於電腦產生之内容而言，不是自觀察圓錐改變至 〇 觀察圓錐（硬改變），而是可改變顯現以使得一圓錐内之移 動產生一基於一所改變之觀察位置之視圖。此方法移除圓 錐邊界處之硬改變，並提供一較平滑環顧效應。 藉由回應於一觀察區域内之移動自不同觀察點產生視圖 可再次獲取額外視圖，從而自在數目上比由透鏡配置界定 之觀察區域的數目大之一組視圖再次選擇欲顯示之不同視 圖。 此方法藉由在該等觀察區域内產生額外視圖來平滑觀察 ® 區域之間的過渡。 因此，此闡述一其中每一個區域在大小上（例如）加倍之 系統’但藉由追蹤，且在顯現中，兩個視圖相依於觀察者 在該區域之左半邊或右半邊之位置顯示於彼區域中。具有 >n個預先顯現之視圖（較佳地，在此情形下，2n個視圖）亦 可行’因此此並非對即時顯現特別。 平滑過渡之一替代方式係控制毗鄰影像之間的串擾，而 非產生新影像。視圖之間的串擾量係相依於在觀察某一視 138064.doc -15- 200950501 圖時相鄰視圖之可見程度。串擾係某一位置處之現象，觀 察者不僅自一個對應於他/她所在之區域之視圖且亦自相 鄰視圖接收光。此係光學系統之一假像。自其它視圖接收 之光的量係該光學系統之一特性，且很大程度上相依於觀 察者之位置。對於某一位置而言，一觀察者可（例如）自其 區域之視圖接收僅80%的光，自左側相鄰視圖接收15%的 光，且自右側相鄰視圖接收5%的光（對於一可能更接近於 左側之位置而言’此乃因左側視圖更可見）^此等百分比 ❹ 在該觀察者移動通過一觀察區域時改變。串擾減少藉由應 用逆濾光器來補償此「光洩漏」（自當前視囷減去某一百 分比之相鄰視圖’即，將視圖彼此混合，其中對於將洩漏 至當前視圖中之視圖而言，係數通常為負）。可自每一個 位置之串擾百分比導出此逆濾光器之該等係數（藉由將其 放入一矩陣中並反轉彼矩陣）。習用系統使用逆係數之固 疋近似值’其因此僅完全為一區域内之一個位置工作β藉 由根據觀察區域内之位置變化該等逆係數可達成甚好的串 ® 擾減少。同樣，串擾減少（或添加）的量可用於使環顧效應 更平滑（藉由允許更多串擾）或使影像更銳利（藉由減少該串 擾）。 因此’該光學系統（透鏡）可引入此串擾，但亦可使用視 圖在被顯示之前之處理添加作為影像顯現系統之部分（並 在一定程度上將其減去作為一預補償）。 一方面’期望一低量的串擾，此乃因來自相鄰視圖之光 之洩漏引入模糊（由於相鄰視圖在水平移位上不同），因此 138064.doc •16· 200950501 相鄰視圖無須彼此過於不同。此又意味著其中相鄰視圖之 間要求大量移位之大深度效應不可行。 在基於眼鏡之立體系統中’期望零串擾能夠產生盡可能 多的深度。然而，串擾在-使用者橫向移動時促進一平滑 過渡：在實際上無串擾時可見一極硬的逐視圖過渡。此等 •⑨過渡係-種形式的混淆，且如此串擾充#應施用平滑該 .等過渡之預濾光之一近似值。 串擾量及及預遽光量可控制作為視圖處自或影像顯現甚 ® 至光學上之部分。對串擾之控制可因此係基於觀察者位 置，從而再次產生相依於觀察者位置之額外影像。 將觀察者之運動轉譯成一定量的期望串擾/預濾光，且 接著相應地對處理加以調整。 預遽光亦用於顯示中以移除比可顯示之彼等頻率高的頻 率（此乃因所顯示之影像係由離散樣本組成）。上述串擾將 其本身表現為一種形式的低通濾光，且因此可近似此預渡 光。由於沿觀察方向，信號通常極度欠取樣（此乃因存在 ❿ 相少的視圖）’因此在理論上具有大差異之目標將被極度 模糊以使得環顧效應平滑。實際上，在不移動時必須在極 平滑環顧與影像銳度之間取得平衡。 觀察者追蹤使得串擾量能夠在觀察者正移動時增加（且 因此環顧效應頗重要），且在觀察者不正移動時減少，此 乃因那是銳度更為重要。 相機系統亦可用於控制顯示系統以向觀察者在其起始位 置處提供中央視圖。中央視圖係理想位置，此乃因對此視 138064.doc -17- 200950501 圖而言閉塞量最少。若觀察者不在中央視圖中’則該中央 視圖可因此根據該觀察者之移動來移位。基於觀察者位置 之串擾/預渡光使該中央視圖之此移動視期望較不可見並 受到干擾。 該系統尤其適於單個觀察者系統。然而，在更多個觀察 者之情形下，頭部追蹤設定可用於追蹤兩個（或更多個）頭 • 部並計算正確視圖。 必須沿水平方向提供不同視圖以提供立體效應。然而’ 〇 該頭部追蹤可另外上下追蹤觀察者之頭部移動。此可用於 顯現新影像’從而可在上方及下方看目標。 圖4示意性地顯示本發明之一系統之實例。 一資料源顯示為40，且此資料源提供影像資料。此資料 可包含閉塞資訊或其可僅包括一具有深度資訊之2D影像。 —處理器42回應於來自一相機44之位置追蹤資訊來處理該 影像資料’相機44指示視場48中之觀察者46(或多個觀察 者）之位置°處理器42驅動控制顯示面板1之影像顯現系統 馨 50。 呈相機44形式之系統位置追蹤功能可藉助一由觀察者中 之者或多者握著或穿戴之被動元件替代或完成，而顯示 器具有一主動元件，此等被動及主動元件經運作以實施位 置追蹤功能。此等元件可係用於傳輸及接收電信號或輻射 L號（諸如，光學或紅外線信號）之傳輸器及接收器。 舉例而言，在此一系統中，觀察者可具有一反射式黏附 物。3D顯示器在其觀察側上配備有許多光源（例如，以某 138064.doc 200950501 一距離間隔開之低功率紅外線發光二極體（LED))，並包括 至少一個接近於此等LED定位之光電二極體。使每一個 LED將光發射至一不同方向上並具有一不同頻率調變。顯 示器前面的每一個觀察者將截取該等LED中之至少一者的 光並將其反射回顯示器中，其中其被該至少一個光電二極 體接收。依據光之調變，其可易於使用標準方法自出現此 反射光之那個LED導出，以使得觀看者相對於顯示器之定 向可與由LED轄射至其中之光的方向有關。可互換光電二 Ο 極體與LED之角色而無功能及效應損失。 在一第二實例中’一系統係基於使用至少兩個以某一距 離分開定位並定位於顯示器中或上之超音波傳感器。該等 傳感器充當超聲波之傳輸器及接收器。兩個傳感器皆發射 脈衝或一經調變之超聲波信號。該超聲波將自觀察者反 射，觀察者自身可充當被動元件或穿戴此等原件作為一額 外幫助。藉由量測自一觀察者反射之超聲波之傳輸與接收 之間所花費之時間，可確定該等觀察者至每一個傳感器之 距離。此極類似於基於超聲波之距離量測設備，其係一低 成本消費者產品。藉由具有至少兩個傳感器，可藉助如此 技術中所眾所周知之三角量測來確定一觀察者之定位。 呈相機44形式孓系統位置追蹤功能亦可藉助一由觀察者 穿戴或握著之傳輸器替代或完成，同時顯示器配備有一用 於自該傳輸器接收信號之接收器，該等傳輸器及接收器元 件經運作以實施位置追蹤功能。 此一系統之一第一實例可係基於超音波傳感器。每一個 138064.doc -19- 200950501 觀察者皆具有一超音波傳感器。該傳感器發射一電磁信號 或一調變信號之脈衝。顯示器配備有至少兩個用於超聲波 之水平間隔開之接收器。藉由量測欲由兩個接收器接收之 信號所花費之飛行時間之差，可藉助三角量測來確定觀察 者之定位。 在另一實例中，顯示器配備有一透鏡（透鏡狀元件）及許 多在該透鏡下面之光電二極體）。觀察者具有一光源，例 如穿戴一紅外線LED或在遠端具有此一 led。顯示器中自 O led接收一信號之光電二極體與觀察者之定位之間存在一 一對一對應。可互換該光電二極體與該等！^ΕΕ)之角色。 在另一系統中，呈相機44形式之位置追蹤功能亦可由顯 示器替代且觀察者配備有傳輸器及接收器兩者，此等元件 經運作以實施位置追蹤功能。此一系統之一第一實例係 wiimote™(任天堂控制臺之Wii搖桿）：顯示器觀看者侧配 備有兩個水平間隔開之光源群集（LED充當「傳輸器」）。 每一個群集内之LED亦以某一距離彼此間隔開。一觀察者 手中之一搖桿元件中之一相機（「接收器」）形成此等光源 之-影像。藉由確定該等光源之影像在該相機之感測器晶 片上之定位，可（例如）基於三角量測來確定觀察者之定 位。結果由搖桿（「傳輸器」）發送回至顯示器（「接= 器」）。技術領域中所眾所周知並常用於全球定位系統等 巾之加速器可用⑥偵測搖桿或觀察者之移冑。另一實例< 用-嵌入由觀察者握著之一搖桿控制件中之小光學接收= (例如’光電二極體）該搖桿控制件識別顯示器中之信標 138064.doc 200950501 # °十算其相對於顯示器之坐標，並將此等坐標發送至顯示 器搖杯控制件中之接收器可係一光電二極體。顯示器中 之仑钻可係基於至少兩個LED，該至少兩個LEd所發射之 光經調變(以不同調變)且沿不同但重疊方向發射為一寬光 束搖桿元件中之接收器量測所接收之兩個信標之強度。 其比率確搖桿元件相對於顯示器之定位或坐標。 ^觀察者握著之該等元件可由其穿戴或像—搖桿控制裝 置樣握在其手中。其可倂入或整合於顯示器裝置之搖桿 ❹㈣件中或—與諸如磁帶 '光碟或磁碟記錄器之顯示器相 關聯之裝置之任一其它搖桿控制件中。 本發明要求產生額外視圖’用於在觀察者於一觀察圓錐 内移動時改變彼觀察圓錐内所顯示之視圖，或用於在觀察 者接近-觀察圓錐時將所顯示之視圖改變至彼觀察圓雜。 額外影像之產生將顧為常規，此乃因自一3D景像之一所期 望觀察點之2D影像產生係眾所周知。若影像顯現並非自一 3D景像模型，但係僅基於傳人影像資料，則該傳入影像資 料勢必須包含額外視圖影像資料，或該等額外視圖影像資 料係藉由濾光或組合毗鄰視圏（串擾控制）而導出。 自以上闞述將顯而易見，由影像顯現系統產生之視圖可 包括··對應酬像之不同觀察點之視圖；及/或對應於 自不同觀察點之影像之-組合之視圖；及/或基於施用至 自3D景像之觀察點之影像之不同濾光之視圖。在所有情形 下’一觀察區域内可顯示之不同影像數目（基於一既定 景像）比觀察區域之數目多。诗 I38064.doc -21· 200950501 之哪些視圖則相依於觀察者位置。在某些實例中，所有可 顯示之影像對應於3D景像自一不同觀察點之一視圖。在其 它實例中，觀察點之數目可與觀察區域之數目相同，但存 在基於對應於此等觀察點之視圖之組合的額外視圖（即， 對應於不同觀察點之影像係由濾光或串擾處理組合）。因 此，在所有情形下，可改良3D效應而不增加解析度損失。 在以上實例中，在訊框週期期間同時顯示不同視圖。此 訊框週㈣更新完錢續丨之―，其巾所㈣像資料 在一個訊框週期之持續時間内為靜態。For the sake of clarity, only a few display pixels 5 are shown. In fact, the display panel 3 can include about one thousand columns and thousands of rows of display pixels. The structure of the liquid crystal display panel 3 is a complete f structure. In particular, the panel 3 includes a pair of spaced apart transparent glass substrates with an alignment T-steering liquid crystal or other liquid crystal material therebetween. The substrates are on their surface-facing surfaces: a transparent indium tin oxide (IT〇) electrode pattern. A polarizing layer is also provided on the outer surface of the substrate. In the electrical example, each of the display pixels 5 includes an opposite on the substrate with a dielectric liquid crystal material therebetween. The shape and layout of the display pixels 5 138 〇 64.do, 200950501 are determined by the shape and layout of the electrodes. The display pixels 5 are regularly spaced apart from each other by the gaps. Each of the display pixels 5 is associated with a switching element such as a thin film transistor (TFT) or a thin film diode (TFD). The display pixels are operative to produce a display by providing addressing signals to the switching elements, and those skilled in the art will be aware of suitable addressing schemes. The display panel 3 is illuminated by a light source 7, in which case the light source 7 includes a planar backlight extending over a range of display pixel arrays. Light from the source 7 is directed through the display panel 3, with individual display pixels 5 being driven to modulate the light and produce a display. The display device 1 also includes a transmissive thin layer 9 disposed above the display side of the display panel 3, and the lenticular sheet 9 performs a view forming function. The lenticular sheet 9 comprises a row of lenticular elements u extending parallel to each other, 'for clarity only one of the lenticular elements is shown in an exaggerated size. The lenticular element 11 is in the form of a convex cylindrical lens in this particular example and acts as a light output directing member to provide different images or views from the display panel 3 to the eyes of a ® user located on the face of the display device. The autostereoscopic display device 图 not shown in Fig. 1 is capable of providing several different perspective views in different directions. In particular, each lenticular element n is overlaid with a small group of display pixels 5 along each column. The lenticular elements n project each of the display pixels 5 in a different direction to form a plurality of different views. As the user's head moves from left to right, his/her eyes will receive different views of the several views in sequence. Figures 2A and 2B show a five-view display showing one of the fields of view with five 138064.doc -11·200950501 viewing areas. These viewing areas are also often referred to as viewing cones. Therefore, the cone number will be observed from 1 to 5. It should be noted that other configurations can be made. For example, a display with 9 viewing areas can be made. An autostereoscopic display device based on a lenticular element (here such as an autostereoscopic display device based on a lenticular element as described above) and a lenticular layer providing a function of autostereoscopicity are described in US Pat. No. 6,064,424 or US Pat. No. 6,118,584. Precise or detailed description. Although a conventional display panel such as, for example, a regular LCD display is used in the first patent, the display panel is further adjusted in the second patent. However, this adjustment does not change the manner in which the present invention works. The general applicability of the present invention also arises with the fact that it can be used in an autostereoscopic display in which the auto-stereoscopicity is obtained using a view indicating member in the form of a parallax barrier. An example of such a display is detailed in us 6727866. In this display, the viewing area is formed by blocking light of a specific pixel in a specific direction, and therefore, although the manner of forming the viewing area is different from that of a display using, for example, a lenticular element, the application or use of the present invention Similar or similar and will have the same benefits. Note that in a parallax-based system, a barrier blocks light in certain directions' and thus one portion of all pixel light is not used. To this end, preferably the invention can be used with a lenticular-based display because no pixel light is wasted in the display that emits higher brightness. However, this is not relevant to the present invention. Referring further to the present invention, in Fig. 2A, it is shown that the observer's left eye is, for example, in the cone 2 and the right eye is in the cone 3. One of the proposed uses of the head is for display in the display. 138064.doc •12· 200950501 Controlled so that his eyes will remain in the same viewing cone. This is shown in Figure 2Β. The viewer has moved to the right, but the image appears to be controlled so that each eye of the viewer sees the same stereoscopic view. This method is particularly suitable for autostereoscopic display with only two views (for example, zones, 3 and 5 are identical views). This head tracking prevents the observer from seeing an inverted stereo image as the cone boundary intersects. Head tracking is also used in the present invention, but this is not intended to be maintained in a similar viewing cone. 0 In a first example, an additional view is introduced to give the impression that the user can also look around the 3D scene. Figure 3 shows how the image representation in this example can be changed in response to the tracked observer movement in accordance with the present invention. When the observer moves to the right from the position shown in Fig. 2, the right eye is first moved to the circle 4 and the left eye is moved to the cone 3. Then, the right eye moves to the cone 5 and the left eye moves to the cone 4. In the absence of image processing based on the position of the observer, this is the farthest position that the observer can move. If the observer crosses the next boundary of β, the view that is seen will be view 5 and 丨, which does not correspond to a stereo pair, because view 1 is a view from the leftmost view position and view 5 is a view. Come to the view of the rightmost viewing position). As shown in Figure 3, the viewer's movement is used to change the displayed image. Replace view 1 with view 6 and view 2 with view 7. Each view can be changed by the observer in response to each of the conic boundaries. Therefore, whenever the viewer shifts a view, a new surrounding view (in the direction of movement) appears and is added to the moving direction. Note that this manifestation can be I38064.doc -13. 200950501 Based on the cut selection delivered to the view of the autostereoscopic display device. In this case, these views will have been completed during stereo or 3D content generation and will be provided to the presentation system in which the correct view is selected. In an alternative situation, the visualization system of the autostereoscopic display device can calculate the necessary view in advance or immediately from the display information supplied thereto. In this case, an autostereoscopic display device having such a presentation device can be more used to display information in different formats. In Figure 3, the two leftmost views have been replaced with two new rightmost views (see Figures 1 and 2). This configuration allows the number of views displayed to be maintained at 5, and the lens configuration is accordingly designed to have a resolution loss corresponding to a five view system. However, the number of different views that can be displayed is larger. In a general sense, the viewing area of the display panel is divided by the lens configuration into a first number n of regions (in this example 'η=5) 'each area is mapped to A set of associated display pixels so that n different views can be simultaneously provided to the viewing area. However, the image appears to be sufficient to produce a set of views that are greater in number than the number n.以此 In this way, users can increasingly look around the target. In addition to the number of observation areas, the maximum possible number of views is also dependent on the inner valley. For example, s 'right · the content is supplied as 2D + depth, then 竿ι is allowed to shift a maximum, otherwise the occlusion range becomes too large. If the occlusion information is available, then the maximum shift can be made higher because the gap can be filled by the occlusion information. If the content (such as the game) generated from the computer (for example, the game) calculates the 2d and depth information in real time, then the position of the game's display camera can be changed and such an infinite observation body 138064.doc -14- 200950501 (until defined by the entity display feature) Maximum viewing edge). This image appears to be performed more often than each observer's eye spans a region boundary, but it can be a low frequency update because the observer's position will not change rapidly. In the above example, the observer tracking system is specifically used to detect movement across the boundary of the viewing area. However, the observer tracking system can additionally detect movement within an observation area. The image rendering system can then be adapted to change the view of the viewing area in response to the detected movement. Especially for computer generated content, instead of changing from the observation cone to the observation cone (hard change), the appearance can be changed such that movement within a cone produces a view based on a changed viewing position. This method removes hard changes at the cone boundary and provides a smoother look-around effect. An additional view can be reacquired by generating a view from different viewpoints in response to movement within an observation area, thereby again selecting a different view to be displayed than a set of views having a number greater than the number of viewing areas defined by the lens configuration. This method smoothes the transition between the ® areas by creating additional views in these observation areas. Thus, this illustrates a system in which each region is sized (eg, doubled) but by tracking, and in visualization, the two views are displayed in the position of the observer at the left or right half of the region. In the area. It is also possible to have >n pre-appearing views (preferably, 2n views in this case) so this is not particularly true for instant appearance. One alternative to smooth transitions is to control crosstalk between adjacent images instead of generating new images. The amount of crosstalk between views is dependent on the visibility of adjacent views when observing a view 138064.doc -15- 200950501. Crosstalk is a phenomenon at a location where the viewer receives light not only from a view corresponding to his/her region but also from an adjacent view. This is an artifact of one of the optical systems. The amount of light received from other views is one of the characteristics of the optical system and is largely dependent on the position of the viewer. For a location, an observer can receive, for example, only 80% of the light from its view, 15% of the light from the left adjacent view, and 5% of the light from the right adjacent view (for One may be closer to the position on the left side 'this is more visible from the left side view'. ^The percentage ❹ changes as the observer moves through an observation area. Crosstalk reduction compensates for this "light leak" by applying an inverse filter (subtracting a certain percentage of adjacent views from the current view), ie, blending the views with each other, where for the view that will leak into the current view , the coefficient is usually negative). The coefficients of the inverse filter can be derived from the crosstalk percentage at each location (by placing them in a matrix and reversing the matrix). The conventional system uses the inverse 之 approximation of the inverse coefficient, which is therefore only completely working for a position in a region. By using the inverse coefficients according to the position within the observation region, a good string reduction can be achieved. Similarly, the amount of crosstalk reduction (or addition) can be used to smooth the look-ahead effect (by allowing more crosstalk) or to make the image sharper (by reducing the crosstalk). Thus the optical system (lens) can introduce this crosstalk, but can also be added as part of the image rendering system (and to some extent subtracted as a pre-compensation) using the processing prior to being displayed. On the one hand 'expects a low amount of crosstalk, which is due to the leakage of light from adjacent views introducing blurring (since adjacent views are different in horizontal shift), so 138064.doc •16· 200950501 adjacent views do not have to be too much different. This in turn means that a large depth effect in which a large amount of displacement is required between adjacent views is not feasible. In a stereo based system based on glasses, the expected zero crosstalk is capable of producing as much depth as possible. However, crosstalk promotes a smooth transition when the user moves laterally: a very hard view-by-view transition is visible when there is virtually no crosstalk. These 9 transitions are a form of confusion, and such crosstalk charging # should apply an approximation of one of the pre-filters that smooth the transition. The amount of crosstalk and the amount of pre-brightness can be controlled as part of the view from the image or from the image to the optical. The control of crosstalk can thus be based on the position of the viewer, again producing additional images that are dependent on the position of the observer. The observer's motion is translated into a certain amount of desired crosstalk/prefilter, and the processing is then adjusted accordingly. Pre-tanning is also used in the display to remove frequencies higher than the frequencies at which they can be displayed (this is because the displayed image is composed of discrete samples). The crosstalk described above manifests itself as a form of low pass filtering and can therefore approximate this pre-pass. Since the signal is usually extremely undersampled in the direction of observation (this is due to the presence of fewer views), the theoretically large difference will be extremely blurred to smooth the look-around effect. In fact, you must strike a balance between extreme smoothness and image sharpness when you are not moving. Observer tracking allows the amount of crosstalk to increase as the observer moves (and therefore the look-ahead effect is important) and decreases when the observer is not moving, which is why sharpness is more important. The camera system can also be used to control the display system to provide a central view to the viewer at their starting position. The central view is the ideal location for the least amount of occlusion in this view 138064.doc -17- 200950501. If the viewer is not in the central view, then the central view can therefore be shifted according to the movement of the observer. Crosstalk/pre-passage based on the observer position causes this movement of the central view to be less visible and disturbed as desired. This system is especially suitable for a single observer system. However, in the case of more observers, the head tracking settings can be used to track two (or more) heads and calculate the correct view. Different views must be provided in the horizontal direction to provide a steric effect. However, the head tracking can additionally track the movement of the observer's head up and down. This can be used to visualize new images so that the target can be viewed above and below. Fig. 4 schematically shows an example of a system of the present invention. A data source is displayed as 40, and this data source provides image data. This information may contain occlusion information or it may only include a 2D image with in-depth information. The processor 42 processes the image data in response to position tracking information from a camera 44. The camera 44 indicates the position of the observer 46 (or viewers) in the field of view 48. The processor 42 drives the control panel 1 to be controlled. The image revealing system is 50. The system position tracking function in the form of a camera 44 can be replaced or accomplished by a passive component that is held or worn by one or more of the viewers, and the display has an active component that operates to implement the position Tracking function. These elements can be used to transmit and receive electrical signals or transmitters and receivers that radiate L-numbers, such as optical or infrared signals. For example, in this system, the viewer can have a reflective adhesive. The 3D display is equipped with a plurality of light sources on its viewing side (for example, a low-power infrared light-emitting diode (LED) spaced apart by a distance of 138064.doc 200950501), and includes at least one photo-electricity adjacent to the LED positioning. Polar body. Each LED is caused to emit light in a different direction and have a different frequency modulation. Each viewer in front of the display will intercept light from at least one of the LEDs and reflect it back into the display, where it is received by the at least one photodiode. Depending on the modulation of light, it can be readily derived from the LED from which the reflected light occurs using standard methods such that the orientation of the viewer relative to the display can be related to the direction of the light directed by the LED. Interchangeable photodiode and the role of LED without loss of function and effect. In a second example, a system is based on the use of at least two ultrasonic sensors positioned at a distance and positioned in or on the display. These sensors act as transmitters and receivers for the ultrasound. Both sensors emit pulses or modulated ultrasonic signals. The ultrasound will be reflected from the observer and the observer himself can act as a passive component or wear such an original as an extra help. The distance from the observer to each sensor can be determined by measuring the time elapsed between the transmission and reception of the ultrasound reflected from an observer. This is very similar to ultrasonic based distance measuring equipment, which is a low cost consumer product. By having at least two sensors, the position of an observer can be determined by means of triangulation as is well known in the art. In the form of camera 44, the system position tracking function can also be replaced or completed by a transmitter worn or held by the observer, while the display is equipped with a receiver for receiving signals from the transmitter, the transmitter and receiver. The component is operated to implement position tracking. A first example of such a system may be based on an ultrasonic sensor. Each 138064.doc -19- 200950501 observer has an ultrasonic sensor. The sensor emits an electromagnetic signal or a pulse of a modulated signal. The display is equipped with at least two horizontally spaced receivers for ultrasound. By measuring the difference in flight time taken by the signals to be received by the two receivers, triangulation can be used to determine the position of the observer. In another example, the display is equipped with a lens (lens-like element) and a plurality of photodiodes below the lens. The viewer has a light source, such as wearing an infrared LED or having this led at the far end. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the photodiode that receives a signal from the O led and the viewer's position in the display. The photodiode can be interchanged with these! The role of ^ΕΕ). In another system, the position tracking function in the form of a camera 44 can also be replaced by a display and the viewer is equipped with both a transmitter and a receiver that operate to implement a position tracking function. The first instance of this system is the wiimoteTM (the Wiihron of the Nintendo Console): the display viewer side is equipped with two horizontally spaced light source clusters (LEDs act as "transmitters"). The LEDs in each cluster are also spaced apart from each other by a certain distance. A camera ("receiver") in one of the rocker elements of an observer forms an image of such light sources. By determining the location of the images of the light sources on the sensor wafer of the camera, the position of the viewer can be determined, for example, based on triangulation. The result is sent back to the display ("Connector") by the joystick ("Transmitter"). Accelerators well known in the art and commonly used in global positioning systems and the like can be used to detect the movement of a rocker or observer. Another example <Use-embed small optical reception in a rocker control held by an observer = (eg 'photodiode') The joystick control identifies the beacon in the display 138064.doc 200950501 # ° The receiver that is relative to the coordinates of the display and sends the coordinates to the display shaker control can be a photodiode. The diamond in the display can be based on at least two LEDs, the light emitted by the at least two LEds being modulated (with different modulations) and emitted in different but overlapping directions as a receiver in a wide beam rocker element The strength of the two beacons received is measured. The ratio is the position or coordinate of the rocker element relative to the display. ^The components held by the viewer can be worn by them or held in their hands like a rocker control device. It can be incorporated into or integrated into the rocker(s) of the display device or into any other rocker control of the device associated with the display such as the tape 'disc or disk recorder. The present invention requires the creation of an additional view 'for changing the view displayed within the viewing cone as the observer moves within an viewing cone, or for changing the displayed view to the observing circle as the observer approaches-observing the cone miscellaneous. The generation of additional images will be routine, as 2D image generation is expected to be known from one of the 3D scenes. If the image appears not from a 3D scene model, but is based only on the transmitted image data, the incoming image data must contain additional view image data, or the additional view image data is filtered or combined adjacent to the field of view. (crosstalk control) and derived. It will be apparent from the above description that the views produced by the image rendering system may include views of different viewpoints of the corresponding images; and/or a view corresponding to the images from different viewpoints; and/or based on application A view of the different filters of the image from the viewpoint of the 3D scene. In all cases, the number of different images that can be displayed in an observation area (based on a given scene) is greater than the number of observation areas. Which views of the poem I38064.doc -21· 200950501 are dependent on the observer position. In some instances, all of the displayable images correspond to a view of the 3D scene from a different viewpoint. In other examples, the number of observation points may be the same as the number of observation regions, but there are additional views based on a combination of views corresponding to the observation points (ie, images corresponding to different observation points are processed by filtering or crosstalk). combination). Therefore, in all cases, the 3D effect can be improved without increasing the resolution loss. In the above example, different views are displayed simultaneously during the frame period. This frame (4) is updated after the money is renewed, and the image of the towel (4) is static for the duration of a frame period.
亦存在時序3D顯示技術，#中在不同時間針對—使用者 之不同眼睛存在不同影像。此可使用一屏障配置來構建。 視圓數目接著由最大可達成頻率限制，且本發明之觀察者 追蹤方法使得能夠產生額外視圖。藉助一時序配置，所有 影像在此框該週期内顯示且與觀察範圍被劃分成之區域數 目相比本發明使得視圖數目能夠再次增加。 具體而言’本發明用於其中視場藉由自動立趙成像構件 劃分成多個觀察區域之顯示。較佳實例係透鏡，但如上所 迷，出於相同目的亦已知屏障配置β此種類型之自動立體 不器避免需要穿戴為每-隻眼睛實施-不同據光運作之 專門眼鏡。 熟習此項技術者將顯而易見各種其它修改。 在申請專利範圍内，置於括號之間的㈣參考符號皆不 應視為限制申請專利範圍。措辭「包括（_㈣不 排除存在除一請求項中所列示之彼等元件或步驟之外的元 I38064.doc •11· 200950501 件或步驟》前述一元件之措辭「（一） . J A (一）an」不虫t 除存在複數個此等元件。於列舉數個構件之裝置請求棑 種’數個此等構件可由-個硬髏或硬體之相同物項:現項 在相互*同的附屬請求射所述之某些方法之單純事實並 不表明不能有利地使用此等方法之組合。 【圖式簡單說明】 已參照隨附圖式僅以實例方式闡述本發明之實例，其 中： 、There are also sequential 3D display technologies, in which different images are present for different eyes of the user at different times. This can be built using a barrier configuration. The number of circles is then limited by the maximum achievable frequency, and the observer tracking method of the present invention enables an additional view to be generated. With a timing configuration, all images are displayed during this period of the frame and the present invention enables the number of views to be increased again compared to the number of regions into which the viewing range is divided. Specifically, the present invention is applied to a display in which a field of view is divided into a plurality of observation areas by an automatic imaging member. The preferred embodiment is a lens, but as noted above, it is also known for the same purpose that the barrier configuration β of this type of autostereoscopic device avoids the need to wear specialized glasses for each eye operation - different light operation. Various other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Within the scope of the patent application, the (4) reference symbols placed between the brackets shall not be considered as limiting the scope of the patent application. The wording "includes (_(4) does not preclude the existence of a component other than the elements or steps listed in a claim. I38064.doc •11· 200950501 or steps" The wording of the aforementioned element "(a). JA (a There is a plurality of such elements in the presence of a plurality of such components. The device enumerating several components requests that a plurality of such components may be the same item of one hard or hard: the current items are mutually identical The mere fact that certain measures are recited in the accompanying claims does not indicate that the combination of the methods may not be used.
圖1係一已知自動立體顯示裝置之一示意性透視圖； 圖2顯示一頭部追蹤系統可怎樣用於控制顯示輸出之一 實例； 圖3顯示根據本發明—頭部追蹤系統可怎樣用於控制顯 示輸出之一實例；及 圖4顯示一根據本發明之一自動立體顯示裝置之實例。 【主要元件符號說明】 1 自動立體顯示裝置 2 圓錐 3 圓錐 4 圓錐 5 顯示像素 6 視圖 7 視圖 9 透鏡狀薄層 11 視圖指弓丨構件 138064.doc •23- 200950501 40 資料源 42 處理器 44 相機 46 觀察者 48 視場 50 影像顯現系統 ❹ 138064.doc -24-1 is a schematic perspective view of a known autostereoscopic display device; FIG. 2 shows an example of how a head tracking system can be used to control display output; FIG. 3 shows how a head tracking system can be used in accordance with the present invention. An example of controlling the display output; and Figure 4 shows an example of an autostereoscopic display device in accordance with the present invention. [Main component symbol description] 1 Autostereoscopic display device 2 Cone 3 Cone 4 Cone 5 Display pixel 6 View 7 View 9 Lens-like thin layer 11 View refers to the bow member 138064.doc • 23- 200950501 40 Source 42 Processor 44 Camera 46 Observers 48 Field of view 50 Image Visualization System 138 138064.doc -24-