JP2006285113A - Three-dimensional display device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use an opaque display means when displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic picture by displaying two-dimensional pictures respectively on a plurality of display surfaces arranged in a depth direction as seen from an observer. <P>SOLUTION: In the three-dimensional display device for displaying the three-dimensional stereoscopic picture by displaying the two-dimensional picture respectively on the plurality of display means existing at different depth positions as seen from the observer, the display means other than a display means at the farthest position as seen from the observer has a plurality of holes or a plurality of transparent areas, and the observer can observe the two-dimensional picture displayed on the display means on a back surface through the plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent areas. The plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent areas are formed on every other row, on every other column or in a checkered pattern. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a three-dimensional display device, and more particularly to a three-dimensional display device that displays a two-dimensional image on each of a plurality of opaque display means arranged in the depth direction when viewed from an observer to display a three-dimensional stereoscopic image. About.

For example, a volume type method shown in FIG. 9 is known as an apparatus for displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image. In this volume type method, as shown in FIG. The two-dimensional images (depth sampled images) (132a to 132e) sampled in the same manner are displayed on, for example, the display surfaces (131a to 131e) arranged in the depth direction when viewed from the viewer 100, respectively. Is displayed.
In addition, the inventors of the DFD (Depth-Fused-3D) method can suppress inconsistencies between physiological factors of stereoscopic vision and can easily perform three-dimensional display without using stereoscopic glasses. A three-dimensional display device has been proposed (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below).
The proposed three-dimensional display device described above displays a two-dimensional image on a plurality of display surfaces, and changes the brightness (or transparency) of the two-dimensional image displayed on the plurality of display surfaces for each display surface. To display a three-dimensional stereoscopic image.

As prior art documents related to the invention of the present application, there are the following.
Japanese Patent No. 3022558 Japanese Patent No. 3460671

In any of the three-dimensional display methods described above, the observer 100 needs to observe the two-dimensional image displayed on the rear display surface through the front display surface, and therefore the position farthest from the observer 100 is viewed. Display surfaces other than the display surface must be transparent.
Therefore, when the display device is arranged at different depth positions as viewed from the observer 100, a two-dimensional image is displayed on each display device, and the above-described three-dimensional display method is performed, the display device is transparent. Display devices (for example, transmissive display devices, EL display devices, etc.) are required, and opaque display devices cannot be used.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to display a two-dimensional image on each of a plurality of display surfaces arranged in the depth direction as viewed from the observer. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a technique that makes it possible to use an opaque display means when displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image.
The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become apparent from the description of this specification and the accompanying drawings.

Of the inventions disclosed in this application, the outline of typical ones will be briefly described as follows.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a three-dimensional display that displays a two-dimensional image and displays a three-dimensional stereoscopic image on a plurality of display means at different depth positions as viewed from the observer. The display means other than the display means farthest from the observer has a plurality of holes or a plurality of transparent regions, and the observer displays the plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent regions. A two-dimensional image displayed on the rear display means can be observed.
In the present invention, the plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent regions are formed in every other row, every other column, or in a checkered pattern.
Here, the two-dimensional image is a depth sampled image obtained by sampling the display target object in the depth direction.
Alternatively, the two-dimensional image is a two-dimensional image obtained by projecting the display target object from the viewing direction of the observer with respect to the respective display units at different depth positions as viewed from the observer. The brightness or transparency of the display is changed independently for each display means and displayed on each display means.
In the present invention, the display means is a printed matter on which a two-dimensional image is printed.

The effects obtained by the representative ones of the inventions disclosed in the present application will be briefly described as follows.
According to the present invention, when displaying a two-dimensional image and displaying a three-dimensional stereoscopic image on each of a plurality of display surfaces arranged in the depth direction as viewed from the observer, an opaque display means can be used. It becomes possible.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In all the drawings for explaining the embodiments, parts having the same functions are given the same reference numerals, and repeated explanation thereof is omitted.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, reference numerals 11 and 12 denote display means, and the display means 11 is arranged at a position closer to the observer 100 than the display means 12.
In this embodiment, at least the display means 11 is opaque, and the display means 11 is formed with a large number of holes or transparent regions 11a.
Therefore, the observer 100 can observe the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means 12 on the rear surface through the many holes or the transparent region 11a.
Therefore, if the two-dimensional image displayed on the display means (11, 12) is a two-dimensional image obtained by sampling a three-dimensional object in the depth direction when viewed from the observer 100 (hereinafter referred to as a depth sampled image). The observer 100 can observe a three-dimensional stereoscopic image in a pseudo manner.
Here, the plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent regions 11a can be formed in every other row, every other column, or in a checkered pattern.
Further, the opening area of the plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent regions 11a is the area of the opaque display region of the display unit 11 in order to make the luminance variable range as viewed from the observer of the display unit 11 and the display unit 12 as much as possible 40% or more and 60% or less.

The present invention is also applicable to the DFD (Depth-Fused-3D) 3D display method described above. First, the above-described three-dimensional display method of the DFD method will be described.
[Example of DFD 3D display device]
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an example of a DFD type three-dimensional display device.
The three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 2 sets a plurality of surfaces, for example, display surfaces (101, 102) (the display surface 101 is closer to the viewer 100 than the display surface 102) on the front surface of the viewer 100. In order to display a plurality of two-dimensional images on the display surfaces (101, 102), an optical system 103 is constructed using a two-dimensional display device and various optical elements.
Examples of the two-dimensional display device include a CRT, a liquid crystal display, an LED display, a plasma display, an EL display, an FED display, a DMD, a projection display, a line drawing type display such as an oscilloscope, and the like as an optical element. For example, a lens, a total reflection mirror, a partial reflection mirror, a curved mirror, a prism, a polarizing element, a wave plate, or the like is used.
Note that FIG. 2 has the same configuration as that described in Patent Document 1 described above, and for the display surface setting method, refer to Patent Document 1 described above.
In the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3, a three-dimensional object 104 desired to be presented to the observer 100 is transferred from the line of sight of both eyes of the observer 100 to the display surface (101, 102). Projected images (hereinafter referred to as “2D images”) (105, 106) are generated.
As a method for generating the 2D image, for example, a method using a two-dimensional image obtained by photographing a three-dimensional object 104 with a camera from the line-of-sight direction, a method of combining from a plurality of two-dimensional images taken from different directions, or There are various methods such as a computer graphic synthesis technique and a method using modeling.

As shown in FIG. 2, the 2D image (105, 106) overlaps both the display surface 101 and the display surface 102 as viewed from a point on the line connecting the right eye and the left eye of the viewer 100. To display. This can be achieved, for example, by controlling the arrangement of the center position and the gravity center position of each 2D image (105, 106) and the enlargement / reduction of each image.
On the apparatus having such a configuration, the luminance of each of the 2D images (105, 106) is changed in accordance with the depth position of the three-dimensional object 104 while keeping the overall luminance viewed from the observer 100 constant. Thus, a three-dimensional stereoscopic image of the three-dimensional object 104 is displayed.
An example of how to change the luminance of each 2D image (105, 106) will be described. Here, since it is a black and white drawing, for the sake of easy understanding, in the following drawings, the higher luminance is shown darker.
For example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is on the display surface 101, as shown in FIG. 4, the luminance of the 2D image 105 above is made equal to the luminance of the three-dimensional object 104, and 2D on the display surface 102 is displayed. The luminance of the converted image 106 is zero.
Next, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is slightly away from the observer 100 and is slightly closer to the display surface 102 than the display surface 101, the brightness of the 2D image 105 is increased as shown in FIG. Slightly lower the brightness of the 2D image 106 slightly.

Next, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is further away from the viewer 100 and is further away from the display surface 101 toward the display surface 102, the brightness of the 2D image 105 is increased as shown in FIG. Further down, the brightness of the 2D image 106 is further increased.
Further, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is on the display surface 102, the luminance of the 2D image 106 on the display surface 102 is made equal to the luminance of the three-dimensional object 104 as shown in FIG. The brightness of the 2D image 105 is zero.
By displaying in this way, even if the 2D image (105, 106) is displayed due to the physiological or psychological factors or illusions of the observer (person) 100, it is as if the observer 100 It feels as if the three-dimensional object 104 is located in the middle of the display surface (101, 102).
For example, when a 2D image (105, 106) having substantially the same luminance is displayed on the display surface (101, 102), the three-dimensional object 104 appears near the middle of the depth position of the display surface (101, 102). I can feel it. In this case, the three-dimensional object 104 is perceived by the observer 100 with a stereoscopic effect.

In the above description, for example, the method of expressing the depth position of the entire three-dimensional object using, for example, a two-dimensional image displayed on the display surface (101, 102) has been mainly described. It is obvious that the 3D display device can be used as a method of expressing the depth of the 3D object itself, for example.
An important point in expressing the depth of the three-dimensional object itself is that the brightness of each part of the 2D image (105, 106) is viewed from the observer 100 on the apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. It is to change corresponding to the depth position of each part of the three-dimensional object 104 while keeping the overall luminance constant.
In the above description, the description has been given of the case where only two surfaces are mainly described among the surfaces on which the two-dimensional image is arranged, and the object to be presented to the observer is between the two surfaces. It is obvious that a three-dimensional stereoscopic image can be displayed by a similar method even when the number of surfaces on which images are arranged is larger than this or when the position of an object to be presented is different.
For example, there are three surfaces, a first three-dimensional object between the surface close to the observer 100 and the intermediate surface, and a second 3 between the intermediate surface and the surface far from the observer 100. When a three-dimensional object exists, a 2D image of the first three-dimensional object is displayed on a surface close to the observer 100 and an intermediate surface, and on the intermediate surface and a surface far from the observer 100. By displaying the 2D image of the second 3D object, it is possible to display 3D images of the first and second 3D objects.

[Other examples of DFD type 3D display devices]
FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining another example of the DFD type three-dimensional display device.
The three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 8 has a plurality of transmissive display devices, for example, transmissive display devices (111, 112) (the transmissive display device 111 is more observable than the transmissive display device 112 in front of the viewer 100. The optical system 103 is constructed using various optical elements and a light source 110. That is, in this embodiment, the transmissive display device (111, 112) is used in place of the display surface (101, 102) in FIG.
Examples of the transmissive display device (111, 112) include a twisted nematic liquid crystal display, an in-plane liquid crystal display, a homogeneous liquid crystal display, a ferroelectric liquid crystal display, a guest-host liquid crystal display, and a polymer dispersed liquid crystal. A display, a holographic polymer dispersed liquid crystal display, or a combination thereof is used. Further, as the optical element, for example, a lens, a total reflection mirror, a partial reflection mirror, a curved mirror, a prism, a polarization element, a wave plate, or the like is used.
8 shows a case where the backlight (light source) 110 is arranged at the rearmost position when viewed from the observer 100, and FIG. 8 shows the same configuration as that described in Patent Document 2 described above. belongs to.

Also in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 3 described above, the three-dimensional object 104 desired to be presented to the viewer 100 is viewed from the viewer 100 to the transmissive display device (111, 112). A projected 2D image (107, 108) is generated.
As shown in FIG. 8, the 2D image (107, 108) is obtained from one point on the line connecting the right eye and the left eye of the viewer 100 on both the transmissive display device 111 and the transmissive display device 112. The two-dimensional images (107, 108) are displayed so as to overlap.
This can be achieved, for example, by controlling the arrangement of the center position and the center of gravity position of each 2D image (107, 108) and the enlargement / reduction ratio of each image.
On the apparatus having the above-described configuration, an image viewed by the observer 100 is generated by light emitted from the light source 110, transmitted through the 2D image 108, and further transmitted through the 2D image 107.
In the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 8, the distribution of the transmittance of each of the 2D images (107, 108) is kept constant on the device having the above-described configuration while keeping the overall luminance as viewed from the observer 100 constant. A three-dimensional stereoscopic image of the three-dimensional object existing between the transmissive display device 111 and the transmissive display device 112 is displayed in accordance with the depth position of the three-dimensional object 104.

An example of how to change the transparency of each of the 2D images (107, 108) will be described.
For example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is on the transmissive display device 111, the transparency on the transmissive display device 111 is set so that the luminance of the 2D image 107 is equal to the luminance of the three-dimensional object 104. For example, the transparency of the portion of the 2D image 108 on the transmissive display device 112 is set to the maximum value of the transmissive display device 112.
Next, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is slightly away from the observer 100 and is slightly closer to the transmissive display device 112 than the transmissive display device 111, the 2D display on the transmissive display device 111 is performed. The transmittance of the portion of the image 107 is slightly increased, and the transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 108 on the transmissive display device 112 is slightly decreased.
Next, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is further away from the viewer 100 and is closer to the transmissive display device 112 than the transmissive display device 111, 2D conversion on the transmissive display device 111 is performed. The transmittance of the portion of the image 107 is further increased, and the transmittance of the portion of the 2D image 108 on the transmissive display device 112 is further decreased.
Further, for example, when the three-dimensional object 104 is on the transmissive display device 112, the transmittance on the transmissive display device 112 is set so that the luminance of the 2D image 108 is equal to the luminance of the three-dimensional object 104. For example, the transparency of the portion of the 2D image 107 on the transmissive display device 111 is set to the maximum value of the transmissive display device 111.

By displaying in this way, even if a 2D image (107, 108) is displayed due to a physiological or psychological factor or illusion of the observer (person) 100, the observer 100 is as if it is displayed. It feels as if the three-dimensional object 104 is located in the middle of the transmissive display device (111, 112).
That is, for example, when a 2D image (107, 108) having substantially the same luminance is displayed on the transmissive display device (111, 112), 3 near the middle of the depth position of the transmissive display device (111, 112). A dimensional object 104 is felt. In this case, the three-dimensional object 104 is perceived by the observer 100 with a stereoscopic effect.
In the above description, for example, the method of expressing the depth position of the entire three-dimensional object using, for example, a two-dimensional image displayed on the transmissive display device (111, 112) has been mainly described. It is obvious that the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG. 8 can also be used as a method of expressing the depth of the three-dimensional object itself, for example, by a method similar to the method described in the three-dimensional display device shown in FIG.
In the three-dimensional display device shown in FIGS. 2 and 8, when the 2D image moves three-dimensionally, the movement of the observer 100 in the left-right and up-down directions is the same as in the case of a normal two-dimensional display device. Similarly, it is possible to reproduce a moving image in a transmissive display device, and regarding movement in the depth direction, a change in luminance on a plurality of display surfaces or a change in transmittance on a plurality of transmissive display devices over time. By doing so, a moving image of a three-dimensional stereoscopic image can be expressed.

When the present invention is applied to the above-described three-dimensional display method of the DFD system, the above-described 2D image (105, 106, 107, 108) is displayed on the display means (11, 12) shown in FIG. That's fine. Thereby, the observer 100 can observe a three-dimensional stereoscopic image in a pseudo manner.
In the above description, there are two cases where the display means is the front display means 11 and the rear display means 12. However, the number of display means may be three or more.
However, in the case of three or more, since the number of parts observed by the observer 100 in the two-dimensional image displayed on each display means is reduced, it is assumed that a pseudo three-dimensional stereoscopic image is not observed. . Accordingly, the display means is preferably in two cases: the front display means 11 and the rear display means 12.
As the display means, an opaque display device can be used. However, the simplest method is to use, for example, a depth sampled image, a film printed with a 2D image, or a plastic plate as the display means. This method uses the printed matter.
In this case, in the above-described three-dimensional display method of the DFD method, it is necessary to print by changing the luminance or transparency of the 2D image independently for each display surface.
As mentioned above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the above embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Of course.

It is sectional drawing for demonstrating the three-dimensional display apparatus of the Example of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the three-dimensional display apparatus of a DFD system. It is a figure for demonstrating the production | generation method of the 2D-ized image displayed on each display surface in the DFD type three-dimensional display apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the display principle of the three-dimensional display apparatus of a DFD system. It is a figure for demonstrating the display principle of the three-dimensional display apparatus of a DFD system. It is a figure for demonstrating the display principle of the three-dimensional display apparatus of a DFD system. It is a figure for demonstrating the display principle of the three-dimensional display apparatus of a DFD system. It is a figure for demonstrating the other example of the three-dimensional display apparatus of a DFD system. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the conventional three-dimensional display apparatus of a volume type.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11,12 Display means 11a Hole or transparent area | region 100 Viewer 101,102,131a-131e Display surface 103 Optical system 104 Three-dimensional object 105,106,107,108 2D image 111,112 Transmission type display apparatus 110 Backlight 132a ~ 132e Depth sampling image

Claims (5)

A three-dimensional display device that displays a two-dimensional image and displays a three-dimensional stereoscopic image on a plurality of display units at different depth positions as viewed from an observer,
Display means other than the display means farthest from the observer has a plurality of holes or a plurality of transparent regions,
The three-dimensional display device characterized in that the observer can observe a two-dimensional image displayed on the display means on the rear surface through the plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent regions.   The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of holes or the plurality of transparent regions are formed in every other row, every other column, or in a checkered pattern.   The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein the two-dimensional image is a depth sampled image obtained by sampling a display target object in a depth direction. The two-dimensional image is a two-dimensional image obtained by projecting a display target object from the direction of the observer's line of sight with respect to each display means at different depth positions as viewed from the observer.
3. The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein brightness or transparency of the two-dimensional image is independently changed for each display unit and displayed on each display unit. 4. .   The three-dimensional display device according to claim 1, wherein the display unit is a printed matter on which a two-dimensional image is printed.

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