200941885 九、發明說明： 、 f發明所屬之技術領織】 本發明是有關於〜猫+ ^ - 種电池保護器，特別是有 有電池雜補償之電池_，以 時間及提供使財更多魏使科w。 I所需 【先前技術】 ο 筆記型電腦、以等舉，有行 =以使用時，電池電力就會持續===被 裝置被關閉或者剩餘的.電能不足以驅動該7攜^子 子裝置就會被強迫關閉。後者 、可攜式電 _總平均成本思考，可赋電 的方式，將原來耗損的電能補充回來。 ％池再充電 °次，紅呈式良好㈣崎常可被_充電數百 市面上最赫的可充魏池要算是Ni_H 心 =。後者儲存之電力較大，且充電時僅有报少的 ，池被充電錢輯通常知電池髓统 、電：!被過度充_電或放電或過電流之發生以延長 • 轉，f=，是#侧到電池電_於第— 第二界電測是當偵㈣ 請參考目h與圖1b所示之習知電池保護器]◦内部 。'路的功能方塊圖，圖1a中的過充比較器5Q和過放比較 6 200941885 i t5分f Γ固定的預設第—臨界_ ν_ ’及第二臨界電 阻較器的參考電壓。電流由接腳VDD流入由電 =R1和R2的分壓電阻器至接腳Vss而以電阻哭R 的跨壓f為電池之端電壓是否過充，或過放的依據: 伴1 f考圖1 C所示的一電池正透過充電器2 〇及一電池 =0=而對電池進行充電。此時，電池保護= 0接腳外接—電晶體FET2且持續保持開啟，直 界ΐ: 被充電達到或超過預設臨 Ο 出V值曰關閉。在此情況下，Vcell約略等於或超 口口 1ndetl另一方面若電池對負載放電，則外接於電池伴罐 态10的一 DO接腳的雷日駚如们俠、电池保5蒦 頂汉匕界窀壓vdet2才會關閉。 不過，被讀到的電池電壓 =:::主要的原因是電池常具有-内電K = 值和充電的電流或放電電流有H下 VCeii ~ Vbat +Ii*Rbat Ο 充電的1值約有之多。如此當 所朗的電壓I卻是4,2V。另-方面二 時候，所量到的電池带懕 a 疋毛生於放电的 是_认。 i VceI1則疋4.〇v，因為此時電流h 因素列入關閉FET2及池^且的 設臨界電壓Vdetl赤ο ^、多數之而以固定的預 有電池充電不#卩二:2為充電或放電的邮點就會 關閉FET1)的問題，，:述=者放J過頭(過晚 電池纖i。為延長 200941885 200 ’在第二階投時以逐漸降低的電流進行充φ 、 電不足。而放電時，則提前關 有鐾於此，本發明之—目的是設計一智慧型電池内阻 補償的電絲護IC電路，轉到具蝴—延長電^ 命’並且⑺更省充電時間的效果。 可 【發明内容】 Ο Ο 本發明提供-具電 >蝴電阻補償 供電池充放電之控制。在第—實施财電艺 電路和延遲歡，藉以咖或= 充^該邏輯 入端由該第一偵測信號饋入，過放域，負輸 與負輸人端信叙味，而輪據該正輪入端 路和延遲模組，藉以關閉或號給該邏輯電 關；第-參考信號由第—可變之一電晶體開 號由第二可變周整輸出，而第二參考信 電路有相同之元件與連接與該第—可變電屋產生 在第二實施财供放電臨界電壓。 保護器有相同之元件但尸；^蒦态與該弟一實施例中電池 用兩组分麗電路提供^ 變電壓產生電路，但使 器之正端的輸入信號。' 口就作為過充比較器與過放比較 電池保護器内另有恭颅唯 器、短路電流偵測器、^埜準位移位電路、溫度偵測 電流比較器以達到進過電流比較器、及放電之過 V保護電池之目的。 s 200941885 【實施方式】 v灿，池保護器1G所量得之電池電壓 際值約有⑽mV :差:阻得的值和實 而古。田仏士兩。。值放電或充電電流為1安培 題以進行鮮之 電池断錢時有鮮考慮内阻問 ❹ ❹ 接腳上流。VM 的内阻）。咖與』與= =内阻與FET2的内阻加起來㈣值二: 關係式獲得電池的實際里仔之v彻可猎由下列 2*ννΗ = VcdI ' °'1*11 = Vcelr2* (0·05%Ι〇 = Vce]1 + 以通用公式描述時： 。射^電池喊和feti與财2 補償能】^ S。的來以 =以二個可調變電 ^邏輯電路===== ，上=之;!=二過崎； 165、175)。 久” Μ包路165 (或二分壓電略 上述短路電流侧器12〇、溫度翻器ιι〇、充電 9 200941885 之過電流比較器130、放雷 較器150、及過放比較過^流比較器140、過充比 及延遲電路模組1G5 都Ϊ接於邏輯電路 _到短路電流發生;$ j列* ’短路電流侧器120 就會停止電池的輸出。放電及延遲電路模組1〇5 邏輯電路及骑電路模、组他在超 以關閉Ϊετ卜會使D0接腳拉低，200941885 IX. Invention Description: The technology of the invention belongs to the invention. The invention is related to the cat + ^ - battery protector, especially the battery with battery compensation _, with time and supply to make more money Wei Make a branch w. I need [prior art] ο notebook computer, to wait, there is a line = in use, the battery power will continue === is turned off by the device or remaining. The power is not enough to drive the 7 portable sub-device Will be forced to close. The latter, portable electricity _ total average cost thinking, the way to power, the original depleted energy is added back. % pool recharge ° times, red is good (four) Saki can often be _ charged hundreds of the market's most popular rechargeable Wei pool is Ni_H heart =. The latter stores a large amount of power, and only charges less when charging. The pool is charged. The battery is usually known as the battery system, and the electricity is over-charged or discharged or over-current is extended to extend, f=, Yes #侧到电池电_在第第 - The second boundary electrical measurement is the investigation (4) Please refer to the known battery protector shown in Figure h and Figure 1b] ◦ inside. 'Functional block diagram of the road, the overcharge comparator 5Q and over-discharge comparison in Figure 1a 6 200941885 i t5 points f Γ fixed preset first - critical _ ν_ ' and the reference voltage of the second critical resistance comparator. The current flows from the pin VDD into the voltage dividing resistor of the electric =R1 and R2 to the pin Vss and the voltage across the resistor R is the overvoltage of the battery, or the over-discharge of the battery is based on: 1 f A battery shown in C is charging the battery through the charger 2 〇 and a battery =0=. At this point, the battery protection = 0 pin external - transistor FET2 and keeps on, right ΐ: is charged to meet or exceed the preset V V value 曰 off. In this case, the Vcell is approximately equal to or exceeds the mouth 1ndetl. On the other hand, if the battery discharges to the load, the external battery is connected to the DO pin of the battery with the can state 10, and the battery is guaranteed. The boundary pressure vdet2 will be closed. However, the main reason for the read battery voltage =::: is that the battery often has - internal charge K = value and the charge current or discharge current has H under VCeii ~ Vbat + Ii * Rbat Ο 1 value of charge many. So the voltage I is 4, 2V. On the other hand, the second time, the amount of battery taken 懕 a 疋 hair was born in the discharge is _ acknowledgment. i VceI1 is 疋4.〇v, because the current h factor is included in the shutdown FET2 and the pool ^ and the threshold voltage Vdetl red ο ^, most of them with a fixed pre-charged battery not # 卩 2: 2 for charging Or the discharge of the postal point will turn off the problem of FET1), :: = = put the J over the head (too late battery fiber i. For the extension of 200941885 200 ' in the second-order cast time with a gradually decreasing current for charging φ, power shortage In the case of discharging, it is closed in advance. The purpose of the present invention is to design a smart wire protection IC circuit for the internal resistance compensation of the smart battery, and to switch to the butterfly-extension electric power and (7) to save the charging time. The invention can provide the control of the charge and discharge of the battery. In the first implementation of the financial circuit and the delay, the logic or the charge is used to charge the logical input. The first detection signal is fed, the over-discharge domain, the negative input and the negative input end are narrated, and the positive wheel-in terminal and the delay module are used to turn off or number the logic switch; - the reference signal is output by the first variable transistor number from the second variable circumference, and the second reference The test circuit has the same components and connections with the first variable electric house generated in the second implementation of the financial supply discharge threshold voltage. The protector has the same components but the corpse; The component circuit provides the variable voltage generating circuit, but the input signal of the positive terminal of the device. The port is used as the overcharge comparator and the over-discharge comparison. The battery protector also has a singularity detector, short-circuit current detector, ^ The field quasi-displacement circuit and the temperature-sensing current comparator are used for the purpose of entering the over-current comparator and discharging the V-protected battery. s 200941885 [Embodiment] V can, the battery voltage measured by the pool protector 1G The value is about (10) mV: the difference: the value of the resistance and the actual value. Tian Ji Shi two. The value of the discharge or charging current is 1 amp to make a fresh battery break when there is a fresh consideration of internal resistance ❹ 接 pin Upstream. Internal resistance of VM). Coffee and 』 with = = internal resistance and the internal resistance of FET2 add up (four) value two: the relationship to obtain the actual battery of the battery can be hunt by the following 2 * νν Η = VcdI ' ° '1 * 11 = Vcelr2 * (0 · 05% Ι〇 = Vce]1 + When describing in general formula: . ^^ Battery shout and feti and Cai 2 compensation can be ^^ S. Come to = two adjustable power ^ logic circuit ==== = ,上=之;!=二过崎; 165, 175). Long time Μ Bao Road 165 (or two-point piezoelectric slightly short-circuit current side 12 〇, temperature turn ιι〇, charge 9 200941885 over-current comparator 130, lightning comparator 150, and over-discharge comparison The 140, the overcharge ratio and the delay circuit module 1G5 are connected to the logic circuit _ to the short-circuit current; the $j column*' short-circuit current side 120 stops the battery output. The discharge and delay circuit module 1〇5 Logic circuit and riding circuit mode, group him in the super close Ϊ ε τ will make the D0 pin pull low,
JJli^ mllttt g FET^間以過遽雜訊後京尤會將C〇接聊電位拉低，以關 ㈣面’ #過充料發生時，過統較器150會 =軏電収輯魏她收關孤2。過放事件發 M 比較旨155會使邏輯電路及延遲電路模組105 關閉hJETl。 抑圖2a中，可調變電壓產生電路17〇提供過充比較 ， 的負端一輸入參考訊號Vdetla。可調變電壓產生電 路160提供自過放比較器155的正端一輸入參考訊號 Vdet2a。過充比較器150的輪入訊號由正輸入端輸入。過放 比較器155的的輸入訊號由負輸入端輪入。上述兩者 150、155的輸入訊號取自第一分壓電路165的R2電阻器 上的跨壓。第一分壓電路165是由電阻器R1及R2所組 成串聯於保護器100接腳VDD與接腳VSS之間。該兩 接腳與電池之兩電極直接相連，請參考圖工。 當輸入訊號(R2電阻器上的跨壓)大於過充比較器 150之參考電壓Vdetla時，一正的電壓訊號就會自過充比 較益150輪出給避輯電路及延遲電路模組以產生另 一訊號以關閉外接的FET2。當輸入訊號(R2電阻器上的 跨壓)低於過放比較器155之參考電壓vdet2a時，另一正的 10 200941885 電壓訊號就會由過放比較器155輪出給邏輯電路及延遲 電路模組1〇5以產生再一訊號以關閉外接的FET1。 上述的可調變電壓產生電路17〇請參考圖如 路圖，運异放大器〇P170以一回授電阻R8連接於輪】 與負輸入端之間。負輸入端的輪入訊號取自VM接腳電 Ο Ο 壓nlr f—ί阻器R7再饋入負輸入端。正輸入端的輸人 减取自預定之臨界電壓經電阻器R6再輸入於正 輸入巧。正輪入端另連接有一電阻器R5至接地端。在此， 電阻器R5、R6、R7、R8的阻值選用依據上述之κ值而 調整，並且相對於ΟΡ170輸入阻抗而言極小。 器〇Ρ17〇的輪出端就可產生-隨VM接腳的電屋變化之 參考電壓Vdetla。正輸入端的輪入 ^ 4阳职5綱。當上述之κ㈣為例，四支電&的 ^取相等的R。便可達到產生隨電池内阻變化的參考 V detla ° 的電:?^!可觀賴產生電路16G請參考圖3b =負/，間。負輸入端的輪入;號= VvM經—電阻器、R7 人負輸人端，—如前 阻哭的輪入訊號取自預定之臨界電壓經電 R5、垃入於正輸入端。正輸入端另連接有-電阻器 接地端。運算放大器〇ρ⑽的輪出端就可生一g R6化之參考電塵Vdet2a。在此，電阻器R5、 ★恭日的砥用一如前述，依據上述之K值而選用。 本發明的另一實施例，請炎老同 充與過放現象並未會同時發^，2 m f ^池被過 適當的卿^因此只要兩組分壓電路被 用包阻益，就可以使得分別用於可以改變過放比 車^ 55的分壓電路175的參寺輕獅 同。例如’在本實施例中參考電壓 相 屢產生電路m，gI7 v 都疋用相同的可调變電 生电路m ’即Vdeiia。過充比較器15〇的預設臨界 11 200941885 電壓vdetl以單一鋰電池芯(one battery咖ce聰爲4 ^，铁 而，比較器155的預設臨界電壓^以單一裡電池芯 (one battery 〇ne cell)約為 2 4V 而已， 值。=過，我們可以藉由第二分壓電路175^ ΐ握:=S，例如，當獅"為12V時，我們可以 ^ :、似分別為議、-2.細、議、及 使用一只可調變電壓產生電路170之目的。 電方^ϊίΓίΐ智慧型電池保護器100，在一般的充 4a ，式)，它可以使充電更快速。請比較圖 ❹ ❹ 4a圖4b的不思圖。圖知示以充電 僂 應的電池電壓·時間關係如曲線m子 =^^_設臨界電壓== 係:電池電壓_時間關 共需要tc的時間。圖為4b ===定f麗模式)。它總 =電如定值Ia充電(對應 ^ 線191斜率與190 一樣)至接 ^ ~間關係如曲 85%值時，點p，後就將 ;斜二1電塵乂咖例如 係如曲線2叫，帽 得P，點較P點延後。因此 e a > Vdet1，使 電池保護器100可使21本發明的智慧型 f第-階段時間(曲線⑼二交快充 v_)，使得第二階段時間 （因為vdetla > 短。圖4C則是將圖4a與圖4b的(曲線放二二⑻）明顯縮 本發明的池 ⑽Hb較圖。 220也可以獲得好處在電池放電曲線 護器100控制時電池以定：傳統的電池保 時間關係曲線210。電池泰蛾5之放電電塵-. 〜也电堡^在放電時在相等於預設 12 200941885 t界-時就會被中止放電。铁^ 一内阻的關係，它事實上尚可 二$際上，由於 對地，請參考® %依據本發知小段時間。相 =時;以相_放電電流13^^^器應 曲線。電池電屢VceI1在放電 ^電屡-時間關係 vdet2時並不會被被中止放電，而/寺於預設之臨界電壓 7以f放電-小段時間。。圖‘圖:一，即 在一起時之比較。傳統之電池保謹哭蝻妓^圖5b曲線放 Td，本f _絲細級電時^ifdt間若設為 ❹ Ο 器具有以有電池内電阻補償之智慧型電池保護 雷阳ϋ)充ί時’相同的充電條件時本發明之具有〜也內JJli^ mllttt g FET^ After the noise, Jingyou will pull the C〇 to the potential to pull off (4) face # #过充料, the over-the-counter 150 will = 軏电收收魏Closed 2. The over-discharge event M 155 causes the logic circuit and delay circuit module 105 to turn off hJET1. In Fig. 2a, the variable voltage generating circuit 17 provides an overcharge comparison, and the negative terminal is an input reference signal Vdetla. The variable voltage generating circuit 160 is supplied from the positive terminal of the overdischarge comparator 155 to an input reference signal Vdet2a. The round-in signal of the overcharge comparator 150 is input by the positive input terminal. The input signal of the over-discharge comparator 155 is rotated by the negative input terminal. The input signals of the above two 150, 155 are taken from the voltage across the R2 resistor of the first voltage dividing circuit 165. The first voltage dividing circuit 165 is formed in series between the resistors R1 and R2 and connected between the pin VDD of the protector 100 and the pin VSS. The two pins are directly connected to the two electrodes of the battery, please refer to the drawing. When the input signal (the voltage across the R2 resistor) is greater than the reference voltage Vdetla of the overcharge comparator 150, a positive voltage signal is output from the overcharge to the evasion circuit and the delay circuit module for 150 rounds. Another signal to turn off the external FET2. When the input signal (the voltage across the R2 resistor) is lower than the reference voltage vdet2a of the overdischarge comparator 155, another positive 10 200941885 voltage signal is rotated by the overdischarge comparator 155 to the logic circuit and the delay circuit mode. Group 1〇5 generates a further signal to turn off the external FET1. The above-mentioned adjustable voltage generating circuit 17 is referred to the diagram as shown in the figure. The transmission amplifier 〇P170 is connected between the wheel and the negative input terminal by a feedback resistor R8. The wheel input signal at the negative input is taken from the VM pin Ο n n nlr f — τ R7 is fed into the negative input. The input of the positive input is subtracted from the predetermined threshold voltage and then input to the positive input via resistor R6. A resistor R5 is connected to the ground terminal at the positive wheel end. Here, the resistance values of the resistors R5, R6, R7, and R8 are selected in accordance with the above-described κ value, and are extremely small with respect to the input impedance of the ΟΡ170. The turn-out of the 〇Ρ17〇 can generate a reference voltage Vdetla that varies with the power of the VM pin. The round of the positive input ^ 4 Yang 5th. When the above κ(4) is taken as an example, the four electric & ^ take equal R. It is possible to achieve the reference V detla ° with the change of the internal resistance of the battery: ?^! It can be seen that the generating circuit 16G please refer to Figure 3b = negative /, between. The wheel of the negative input terminal; number = VvM via - resistor, R7 person negative input terminal, - such as the front stop crying wheel input signal is taken from the predetermined threshold voltage via electricity R5, into the positive input. The positive input is connected to the - resistor ground. A turn-out of the operational amplifier 〇ρ(10) produces a reference voltage Vdet2a of R6. Here, the resistors R5 and ★ are used as described above, and are selected according to the above K value. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the phenomenon of aging and charging and over-discharging does not occur at the same time, and the 2 mf ^ pool is properly squirreled. Therefore, as long as the two-component voltage circuit is blocked by the package, The sacred light lions are respectively used for the partial pressure circuit 175 which can change the over-discharge ratio of the vehicle 55. For example, in the present embodiment, the reference voltage generating circuit m, gI7 v, uses the same adjustable variable electrical circuit m', that is, Vdeiia. Overcharge comparator 15〇 preset threshold 11 200941885 Voltage vdetl with a single lithium battery cell (one battery coffee ce Cong for 4 ^, iron, comparator 155 preset threshold voltage ^ with a single battery cell (one battery 〇 Ne cell) is about 2 4V only, value. = too, we can hold the second voltage divider circuit 175^:=S, for example, when the lion " is 12V, we can ^ :, respectively The purpose of discussion, -2. fine, discussion, and use of a variable voltage generating circuit 170. The electric side battery protector 100, in the general charge 4a, type), it can make charging faster. Please compare the figure ❹ ❹ 4a Figure 4b does not think. The figure shows that the battery voltage and time relationship should be charged as the curve m sub = ^ ^ _ set the threshold voltage == system: battery voltage _ time off A total of tc time is required. The picture shows 4b === fixed flu mode). It always = electricity as fixed value Ia charging (corresponding to the slope of line 191 is the same as 190) to the relationship between the connection and the like, such as the 85% value of the curve, the point p, then will; the oblique 2 electric dust, for example, as a curve 2, the hat gets P, and the point is delayed compared to P. Therefore ea > Vdet1, so that the battery protector 100 can make the smart f-stage time of the invention (curve (9) two fast charge v_), so that the second phase time (because vdetla > is short. Figure 4C is Figure 4a and Figure 4b (curve two (2)) are significantly reduced to the pool (10) Hb of the present invention. 220 can also obtain the benefit of the battery when the battery discharge curve protector 100 control: the traditional battery life relationship curve 210 Battery Thai moth 5 discharge electric dust -. Also electric castle ^ when discharging is equal to the preset 12 200941885 t boundary - will be suspended discharge. Iron ^ an internal resistance relationship, it is actually two $, on the ground, please refer to ® % according to this report for a small period of time. Phase = time; phase _ discharge current 13 ^ ^ ^ device should curve. Battery power VceI1 in the discharge ^ electricity repeatedly - time relationship vdet2 It will not be interrupted, and / Temple will discharge at a preset threshold voltage of 7 at f for a short period of time. Figure 'Figure: One, that is, when compared together. Traditional battery guarantees crying ^ Figure 5b The curve is placed Td, the f _ wire is fine when the electric power is ^ifdt is set to ❹ 具有 has a battery internal resistance compensation Smart battery protection, when the same charging condition is used, the invention has
料，本個之«電池内電闻償之1_型 U保-可以使電池放電軸更長，而不致於傷“I 本發明 神與範圍内所作之修改，均應包含在= 13 200941885 【圖式簡單說明】 藉由以下詳細之描述結合所附圖式，將可輕易明瞭上 述内容及此項發明之諸多優點，其中： 、 不具有内 圖la示依據習知技術所設計之電池保護器， 電阻補償功能之内部電路功能方塊圖。 哭，^女不依據習知技術另一實施例所設計之電池保護 有内電阻補償功能之㈣電路功能方塊圖。 Ο 〇 圖le不電相充電正在充電時與典型之電 各接腳的連接關係圖。 護 電路^。雜本發明之可調變(adjustable)電壓產生 電路圖。 圖3b示依據本發明之第二可 調變(adjustable)電壓產生 圖4a不對電池進行 下，電池電麗和時間關:傳統電池傾器控制 统電池保護器而對電流和時間關係圖。傳 下 圖4b示對電池進行充電時，細 ，電池電壓和時間關月：池保護器控制 凡电電流和時間關係圖。 14 200941885 圖如示對電池進行充 哭抻制·帝 叮、、工得統及本發明電池保護 圖疊合在-她較編綠f峨，關係 圖5a示對電池進行放電時，、經本發 下，電池賴和時_圖及充電電流和時^圖制 下，行放f時’經本發明電池倾器控制 下电池錢和化間關係圖及充電電流和時間關係圖。 ❹ 外行放電時，經傳統及本發明電池保護 間義圖及充電電流和__ 口且口在起以比較差異的示意圖。 1〇、100電池保護器 JL主要元件符號gf】 1 — ~~~-------- 108電壓準位移位電路 105邏輯電路及延遲電路模組 --- 110溫度偵測器 120短路電流偵測器 130充電2過電流比較器 Ο 50、150過充比較器 ------------ 55 ' 155過放比較器 20充電器 200、201第二階段充電曲線 165第一分壓電路 ~___ 175第二分壓電路 -—— 190、191見—階段充電肖 線 15Material, this one «Battery internal electricity compensation 1_ type U protection - can make the battery discharge shaft longer, without causing injury "I the invention and the modifications made within the scope, should be included in = 13 200941885 [ Brief Description of the Drawings The above and other advantages of the invention will be readily apparent from the following detailed description, in which: FIG. , The internal circuit function block diagram of the resistance compensation function. Cry, the female is not designed according to another embodiment of the battery protection with internal resistance compensation function (4) circuit function block diagram. 〇 le diagram le not electric phase charging FIG. 3b shows a second adjustable voltage generation diagram according to the present invention. FIG. 3b shows a second adjustable voltage generation diagram according to the present invention. 4a does not carry out the battery, the battery is charged and the time is off: the traditional battery is controlled by the battery protector and the current and time diagram. Figure 4b shows the battery, when charging, the battery voltage Time off month: The pool protector controls the relationship between electric current and time. 14 200941885 The picture shows the battery charging system, the emperor, the work system and the battery protection diagram of the invention are superimposed on - she is greener f峨, relationship diagram 5a shows that when the battery is discharged, according to the present invention, the battery and the time and the charging current and the time of the system, when the f is placed, the battery is controlled by the battery of the present invention. The relationship diagram and the relationship between charging current and time. ❹ When the external discharge is performed, the battery diagram of the protection between the traditional and the present invention and the charging current and the __ port are compared. 1〇, 100 battery protector JL main component symbol gf] 1 — ~~~-------- 108 voltage quasi-displacement circuit 105 logic circuit and delay circuit module --- 110 temperature detector 120 short-circuit current detector 130 charging 2 over current comparator Ο 50, 150 overcharge comparator ------------ 55 ' 155 over discharge comparator 20 charger 200, 201 second stage charging curve 165 first voltage divider circuit ~___ 175 second voltage divider circuit - 190, 191 see - phase charging chord 15