TW200926630A - Crystal-less transceivers - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a system having at least one of a transmitter portion or apparatus for transmitting a transmission signal and receiver portion or apparatus for receiving a transmission signal, and to a method of operating such an apparatus and system. A reference frequency is generated at an oscillator circuit (82) which is used for frequency conversion in at least one of the transmitter and receiver portion, and the transmission signal is filtered at a filter circuit (10) before it is input to the transmitter portion or after it is output from the receiver portion. At least one of a physical or electronic coupling of at least one bandwidth parameter at the filter circuit (10) to the oscillator circuit (82) is provided to thereby relax accuracy requirements at said oscillator circuit. Thereby, the oscillator circuit can be configured without crystal resonator element (s) and the size of the apparatus and system can be reduced.

Description

200926630 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field] The invention relates to a device and a system having a transmitter portion or device for transmitting signals and a receiver portion for receiving-transmitting signals Or at least one of the devices, and is related to the operation of the device and system. More specifically, the present invention is directed to, but not limited to, transceiver devices for wireless communication systems. [Prior Art]

A transceiver is a device having both a transmitter and a receiver, the transmitter and receiver being combined and sharing a common circuit or a one-piece external. On a wired telephone, the microphone contains a transmitter and receiver for audio. The entire unit is commonly referred to as a "receiver". On a mobile or other radiotelephone, the entire unit is a transceiver for both audio and radio. Figure 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a conventional transceiver device in which an antenna signal is passed through a radio frequency (RF) filter 1 (the filter 1 is a bandpass filter) followed by a switch. 2. The switch 丨 2 is configured to switch a receiver portion or a transmitter portion to the RF filter 1 〇. The RF filter 1〇 can be a surface acoustic wave (SAW) filter, a bulk acoustic wave (BAW) filter, and/or a ceramic filter. In the receiver section, a low noise amplifier (LNA) 20 amplifies the received antenna signal, and thereafter a respective phase (1) branch and a quadrature (Q) branch of the respective _ and q_mixer 42 , 44 down-converted to an intermediate frequency (IF), amplified (along with the automatic gain control together with the 'not shown), in the respective IF filters 52, 54 (for example and by 132913.doc 200926630 a tuning Signal τ tunable through filter and/or low pass filter) and analog to digital bit conversion in respective analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) 62, 64 to obtain a digital representation of the signal, which can Demodulation is performed, for example, at a digital processing unit 70. Mixers a, 44 can be image reject mixers or non-mirror reject mixers. The receiving portion can have a single IF (high _IF, low _IF, or zero _IF) or multiple IFs. The IF filters 52, 54 (if implemented with an on-board component) may require tuning by a tuning signal τ for optimum center frequency accuracy. This tuning can use a crystal (XTAL) oscillator signal as one of the reference signals for a phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit. In Figure 1, the oscillator signals for mixers 42, 44 are derived from an LC-based voltage controlled oscillator (LC_vc〇) 8〇, which is coupled to a reference XTAL oscillator 丨2〇 in pLL. PLL circuit: including ^· VCO 80; - divider circuit 9〇, which is used to divide the output frequency of 1^_¥(:() 8〇 by an integer N; —detector 丨10 (by a mixing The multiplier or multiplier is implemented for comparing the phase of the downconverted signal with the phase of a reference signal generated by the XTAL oscillator 120. In the transmitter portion, the digits output by the digital processing unit 7〇 The 1_ and q-data are digitally analog-to-digital converted at respective digital-to-digital converters (DACs) 132, 134, in respective low-pass filters 142, 144 (which can be tuned by a tuning signal T) The signal is low-pass filtered and upconverted by respective _ and mixers 46, 48. At the RF level, the up-converted and Q-stream are filtered in the RF filter 及 and The antenna is previously combined by a combination of components 150 (e.g., an adder circuit or the like) and amplified by a power amplifier 30. In this example, the transmitter is a 132913.doc 200926630 zero- IF transmitter. The transmitter can also be implemented with multiple IFs or as a -polar transmitter. The transmitter uses a crystal resonant element (XTAL) and an XTAL_ oscillator 120 to define the frequency of its transmitting portion and/or receiving portion. However, such a tether-large component results in a large form factor for the complete system. It cannot be integrated on the same film as other circuit components, but last but not least it increases the complexity and cost of the system. ❹ XTAL is a mechanical resonant element with a relatively large form factor (eg 3.2*2.5*0.7 mm The -XTAL is already very small in size, in contrast to the dream-integrated transceiver. These hungers are also very expensive compared to the implementations of the Shi Xi implementation. In applications such as GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications), In the conventional transceivers of WB-CDMA (Broadband-Coded Multi-Directional), DECT (Digital Enhanced Wi-Fi), Bluetooth, Zlgbee, and WLAN (Wireless Area Network) systems, there is no XTAL radio transceiver. It will be needed.

Φ In the field of ultra-low power radios and wireless consumables, transceivers that require no XTAL are considered to be the most difficult. Among them, XTAL's form factor and cost are the most important. ^ The basic problem of achieving accurate frequency is the limit of active and passive components on Shi Xi. The crystal-loaded vibrator (for example) can be fabricated from resistors, capacitors, and transconductance stages (having a gain factor of gm). Such a vibrator will have a fundamental frequency given by f = constant / (R \ C) or f = constant * gm / C. For these components, _+〆_ 15% actual tolerance is given to ^ 3 ()% frequency tolerance. Conventional systems use - XTAL to lock these crystal-borne vibrators. The proposed solution (such as, for example, 132913.doc 200926630, disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,982,241) has achieved that this error is reduced to approximately i%, however it is still not accurate enough for radio applications. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide modifications for a transmitter, receiver or transceiver circuit whereby XTAL can be eliminated. This object is achieved by a method such as a request, a device such as a request item, and a system such as claim 21. ❹ Therefore, by providing a coupling configuration, the bandwidth parameter of the filter circuit (which can be a bandwidth-determining parameter of the substrate such as the sound velocity of an acoustic wave or the like, or a measured center frequency of the filter circuit and / or the bandwidth, or a detected bandwidth of the received transmitted signal) may be mechanically or electronically linked to or associated with the oscillator circuit. This measure is simplified by the synchronization or adjustment of the mixing frequency controlled by the oscillator circuit, so the accuracy of the oscillator = path can be relaxed and a crystal resonant element (XTAL) is no longer needed. According to a first aspect, the coupling configuration can include a common substrate on which the oscillator circuit and the filter circuit are jointly integrated. Thereby, the substrate parameters which determine the respective bandwidth and center frequency of the filter circuit and the oscillator circuit can be linked or matched to each other through the common substrate, thereby providing sufficient accuracy and XTAL can be omitted. According to a specific example, the oscillator circuit and the filter circuit can be implemented based on surface acoustic wave technology or bulk acoustic wave technology. As an alternative, the oscillator circuit and the filter circuit can be implemented based on a thin film bulk acoustic resonator technology or a microelectromechanical system technology. The vibrator circuit and the waver circuit can operate at substantially the same frequency. Alternatively - select 132913.doc · ι〇_ 200926630 The oscillator circuit can operate at twice the frequency of the filter circuit. In: An in-phase and quadrature phase component derived from the present (Oscillator) (LO) signal can be generated simply by using a divide by two circuit. According to the second aspect, the coupling configuration may include: a measurement unit measuring the bandpass characteristic of the data circuit; and a control unit for adjusting the frequency of the oscillator circuit in response to the output of the measurement unit . The poorly measured characteristics can thus be linked or surfaced to the oscillator circuit for (iv) ❹ ❹ reference frequency' so the accuracy requirements of the oscillating circuit can be relaxed and an XTAL is no longer necessary. Additionally, the "face configuration" can include a - connection configuration for injecting a signal from the squash circuit to an input of the filter circuit. In one particular, the connection configuration can include a - switching element that is only closed in a calibration mode of the device. Therefore, the bandpass characteristics can be measured by changing the local oscillator frequency from the reference frequency. The measuring unit can, for example, be adapted to measure a DC voltage generated at a receiving mixing circuit. The coupling configuration according to the third aspect may include: a detecting unit for detecting a temporarily increased bandwidth of a transmitted signal received through the wave circuit; and a frequency control unit 'for The oscillator circuit is controlled to capture a transmission frequency during a lock operation in accordance with the results of the prediction. This method adapts the reference frequency of the oscillator circuit to an increased bandwidth suitable for the transmitted signal received through the chopper circuit. The locking or calibration process of the vibrator circuit can therefore be performed with a larger bandwidth' so the accuracy requirement is again small and XTA; L is no longer necessary. 4 The frequency control unit can be adapted to detect the frequency error of the receiver part 132913.doc 200926630 and control the frequency of the vibrator circuit based on the frequency error of the heartbeat. The rate error can be stored in the memory unit as the case may be. 'Depending on the situation' can be added to the museum, the target, the Gans, the m U feed, wherein if the frequency error of the detection indicates a frequency lock state of the receiver portion, the frequency control unit To transmit - acknowledge to the transmitting end of the transmitting signal. Thereafter, the transmitting end can reduce the bandwidth, for example, after a locking or calibration operation. The adjustment or adaptation of the reference frequency can be achieved by regularly increasing the bandwidth of the transmitted signal and waiting for a feedback from the receiving end. It should be noted that the above three alternative aspects of the coupling configuration can also be combined into any possible combination of two or all of the three aspects of the three aspects to thereby improve the relaxation effect for the oscillator circuit. . Further modifications of the embodiments are known from the accompanying claims. [Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment will be described based on a modification of the transceiver device originally described in FIG. 1. Figure 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a transceiver device in accordance with a first embodiment. In this first embodiment, 'at least two bulk acoustic wave (BAW) and/or surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices are provided for implementing an rF filter 16 and a reference oscillator 82, and are integrated in a single unit. Or mutual and physical coupling in the common substrate 160 and thus via a common substrate 'so that the transceiver has sufficient accuracy to receive and transmit without the use of an XTAL or XTAL-oscillator. The center frequency of the SAW and/or BAW RF filter 16 and the SAW and/or BAW reference oscillator 82 is related to or dependent on the acoustic velocity of the acoustic material 132913.doc -12-200926630 in the piezoelectric material of the substrate 1 60, the entity of the device Size and device 'load' (especially in the case of B AW devices) The production process of SAW devices and BAW devices allows multiple devices to be implemented on/in a single substrate. Each device can have two converters ( Transducer), so the device actually represents a (balanced) input and two (balanced) outputs of a SAW device or vice versa. SAW devices and BAW devices can be combined with a one-integrated bipolar transistor or CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor combination. The center frequency of the device is defined by the distance between the fingers provided in the SAW converter. If in RF filter 16 or reference oscillator 82 A SAW transversal filter is provided, the length of the converter defining the bandwidth of the SAW device. Furthermore, RF filtering can be used by using a plurality of finger-reflectors on the left and right hand sides of a (pair) SAW converter. 16 or reference vibration The SAW resonator is implemented in the device 82. Alternatively, the SAW delay line can be used in the reference oscillator 82 and/or the RF filter 10. The SAW device can be integrated in germanium (with ZnO as the piezoelectric material), quartz, ^ Lithium niobate, or other SAW substrate material. Therefore, implementing multiple SAW devices and BAW devices on a single substrate gives the opportunity to obtain a crystalless transceiver, receiver or transmitter. • Therefore, the RF of Figure 1 The bandpass filter 10 has been replaced by a SAW/BAW bandpass filter 16. Additionally, the inductor-capacitor (LC) VCO 80 of Figure 1 has been replaced by the SAW/BAW VCO as the new reference oscillator 82. Two SAW/BAW devices are implemented on the same substrate 160, so the center frequencies of these BAW devices will be very close. It is assumed that the BAW RF filter 16 has a center frequency of 850 MHz and a bandwidth of 1 MHz. BAW resonator 132913.doc -13 - 200926630 and the reference vibrator 82 using the BAW resonator can be made to oscillate within this 1 MHz bandwidth by appropriate design. After down conversion, the antenna signal falls into this +/- 0.5 MHz frequency. Wide. It is assumed that ADC 62, 64 can be fully converted +/- 0. In the 5 MHz bandwidth to the digital domain, the digital signal processing unit 70 can be used to find the desired signal and demodulate the signal. If desired, a second conversion (in analog and/or digital fields) can also be used. Digital signal processing techniques can be used to accurately estimate the center frequency of the signal, as commonly known in digital receiver designs. Another option is presented in the second embodiment below and in the third embodiment. Ideas can be used to find the exact center frequency of the transmitted signal. Since the reference oscillator 82 for down conversion does not rely on the integrated lc component, but relies on a SAW/BAW resonator' and because the BAW resonator is at least as accurate as the SAW/BAW RF chopper, there is no need to refer to XTAL The oscillator can therefore remove the reference xTAl oscillating device from the transceiver circuit. Accordingly, the other portions of the PLL that control the VCO frequency in Figure 1 have been eliminated to reduce total power consumption, which is of course a major advantage, especially for ultra-low power radios. Only divider circuit 90 is still present to generate a clock signal for the digital circuit. If the digital circuit is implemented asynchronously, this divider circuit 90 can also be removed. • It should be noted that the reference oscillator's SAW/BAW resonator has a higher Q than the integrated LC. This will result in a lower power consumption of the reference oscillator 82 which is very beneficial for applications such as Ultra-Low-Power radios. In the case where the receiver has been implemented as described above, a voltage for the tuning signal T of the IF chopper 132913.doc •14·200926630 devices 52, 54 may no longer be derived from the xTal reference oscillator 120 of FIG. However, the 'SAW/BAW oscillator signal (directly, or divided by a certain number) can be used as an alternative. The optimum layout of the resonators of RF filter 16 and reference oscillator 82 should be applied to minimize the resonator-oscillator signal leaking to the antenna. _ Isolation and screening techniques for printed circuit board (PCB) or conventional application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) designs can also be used here. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the BAW resonators of the BAW RF filter 16 and the reference oscillator 82 may have approximately the same frequency. The frequency can be further separated depending on the degree of freedom in the product and the specific transceiver requirements. For example, it is useful to have a B AW resonator with twice the frequency of the B AW RF filter 16 in the transmitter and receiver sections. The 1 (twist) and 90 degree 〇_signal components for receiving and transmitting the mixers 42, 44, 46, and 48 can be easily removed from the BAW reference oscillator 82 by a divide by 2 circuit. Export. Instead of the S AW/B AW device, other devices such as a plurality of FBAr and/or φ MEMS devices can be used to implement the functionality of the first embodiment. Fig. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of a transceiver device in accordance with a second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the RF filter 10 and the reference oscillator 162 are electronically coupled, and thus the RF filter 1 can be used as a frequency reference. By using - the crystal local oscillator 8 〇 and / or an on-chip RC-oscillator 162 " measurement, band pass characteristics. The measured center frequency and bandwidth of the RF filter 1 可 can be used to extract the center of the reference frequency of the receiver and thus also the center of the transmit frequency. 丁132913.doc -15- 200926630 a~ The XTAL reference oscillator m is removed from the receiver portion shown in Figure 1, and the only accurate (mechanical) component is the rf (bandpass) ferrite i 〇. According to Fig. 2, it is proposed to couple (e.g., inject or leak) a signal from LC_Vc 〇 80 (e.g., via injection or leakage) to an RF filter 丨〇, which is only mentioned in the calibration receiver portion. - Only closed in the calibration mode. Via the receiver link, after receiving the mixers 42, 44, or better after the ADCs 62, 64, the - (DC_) voltage can be either by being in the digital processing unit 72 or as a separate unit. Measured by a provided (Dc) measurement unit or functionality 74. At present, by changing the frequency of LC_vc〇 8〇, the transmission characteristics of the RF filter 1〇 can be measured. Or conversely, when the characteristics of the filter 1 是 are known, the LC_VC0 frequency can be correlated or coupled to the frequency of the scale 1 ? filter 10 . The normalized attenuation of a Butterworth bandpass filter as a function of frequency f is given by:

// = -10*l〇gl〇 < 1 + if-f? 2/7, V \ fbw j J

Where fc is the center frequency of the filter and fbw represents the filter (for other filters instead of a Butterworth filter, such as Chebyshev,

Gaussian filters, similar to the equations that can be found in the literature, have a frequency of 3 violations. The center frequency and bandwidth of the filter are defined by the specifications of the filter and are known. Although the reference frequency of PLL/LC-VC0 80 in Figure 3 is inherently +/- 30% inaccurate (: reference oscillator 162, and LC-VCO 80 in the PLL is considered to have a tolerance +/_8% 'The total tolerance can be approximately 132913.doc -16 - 200926630 +/-3 8%. However, the PLL/LC-VCO 80 can still be programmed to several frequencies and thus measure the RF filter 10 Transmission or bandwidth characteristics. The maximum transmission point can be derogated as RF; the center frequency of the wave 1 。. Especially when the pass band of rf chopping 5| 1 是 is flat, the measured center frequency will be quite Inaccurate. It is also known to measure the RF filter 1 〇 starting at a frequency of 3 dB from the maximum transmission attenuation of '3 dB frequency 匕 and 匕. These may be related to the center frequency and frequency of the good filter 10. Width, by: ❹ / = /c + Λν, / 2 fi= fc~ fbjl (2) Now, the known center frequency and bandwidth of the RF filter 10 can be correlated to or fused to the PLL/LC- The settings in vc 〇 80 and/or RC reference oscillator 162. These settings of PLL/LC-VCO 80 and/or RC reference oscillator 162 can be used to set the reference frequency for reception and transmission ^ pLL/LC VC〇 8 The correction of the RC and RC reference oscillator 162 can be adjusted so that the optimal adjustment of the PLL/LC-VCO for receiving each channel in the band can be easily achieved, and the measurement error can be reduced by making multiple measurements. As an example, it is expected that the tolerance on the LC-VCO 80 is approximately +/- 8% or +/- 64 MHz at a center frequency of 8 〇〇 MHz (assuming +/_1 〇 / 〇 and capacitance in the inductor) The middle is +M5%). Assume that the RF filter 10 has a +M river tolerance. The tolerance on the combined LC-VCO 80 and RC reference oscillator can be reduced down to +/-1 MHz. A combination of the methods of an embodiment and the second embodiment can be used to further reduce the frequency error. By using the principle disclosed above, the frequency error can be reduced by 132,913.doc -17-200926630, making it easier to find appropriate In the above, the low frequency oscillator is referred to as the RC reference oscillator 162. This oscillator can also be implemented as a gmC_oscillator, ring oscillator or Lc-oscillator. Local oscillation injected at the antenna The signal should not be too high to prevent distortion transmission. For example, in the GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) standard A large emission of -57 dBm is allowed. □ This level far exceeds the receiver's noise floor limit' so it can be easily detected. The RF filter 10 measurement is relative measurement' which means the frequency is detected. At this frequency, the attenuation is 3 dB greater than the attenuation of the frequency band. Fig. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of a transceiver device in accordance with a third embodiment. In this third embodiment, a variable width of a transmission signal is used to capture the frequency of the transmission. An initially increased bandwidth is followed by a smaller bandwidth for one of the actual data transmissions. If the bandwidth or enhanced bandwidth received via the RF filter 被 is detected and coupled to the reference oscillator 162 at the receiver portion, a transceiver can be implemented that does not require an XTAL and/or Or XTAL-oscillator, thus reducing the complexity and cost of the overall system. The basic idea is that a transmitter or transmitter with a master function uses a wideband transmission at the beginning of the transmission. After the receiver having a slave function has coupled the enhanced bandwidth to the reference oscillator M2 and finally gets the transmit frequency, it can notify the master that the transmitter reduces transmission in response to notification or acknowledgment. bandwidth. In the following, this master-slave principle will be explained based on a practical number 132913.doc -18- 200926630 value instance.

The transmit frequency received by the autonomic controller is assumed to be 800 MHz. The controlled reference oscillator 162 has a +/- 20% inaccuracy and is therefore approximately between 8 〇〇 MHZ +/- 20% or between 640 MHz and 960 MHz. Assuming that the controlled reference oscillator 162 is at 960 MHz (the mainframe's wideband transmission should have some signal power at least at 960 MHz), the slave receives an 800 MHz signal at its edge and demodulates the signal. The master center frequency can be derived from this demodulated signal (800 MHz). The slave can now store deviations or errors in the frequency and tune its receive frequency to 8 〇〇 MHz, so the slave "locks" to or captures the frequency of the master. After the frequency is locked, the transmit bandwidth can be Reduced. In the case where the controlled device wants to transmit, it uses the stored frequency correction and uses this correction for its reference oscillator 162 when transmitting. This can be a small bandwidth or a wide-bandwidth Figure 5 shows a schematic flow diagram of the above procedure in accordance with a third embodiment for an exemplary transmission between a base station (master) and a mobile station (controlled). In step S201, the base station (master) transmitter uses one (low frequency) wide-bandwidth modulation of its carrier frequency, so it is spread over-width and bandwidth. A simple method of doing this is to - used in old-fashioned frequency modulation (FM) - high-modulation (>>2.4) 〇 other modulations when autumn-field..., it is also possible. The bandwidth should be wide enough to enter the mobile station (controlled The receiving receiver is within the bandwidth of the receiver and the demodulation transformer. Thereafter, in step S202 The controller detects the wide-bandwidth modulation and couples it to the reference oscillator to measure the transmission frequency of the base station. In order to demodulate the bandwidth, the base station's wide-band modulation can be implemented. .doc 200926630 Package 2 additional receiver functionality (such as a frequency frequency demodulator 66, temporary removal of any filtering in the receive path, etc...). In Figure 4, it is by _ outer square FD 66 is indicated, which is connected to the front of the wave filter circuits 52, 54 and the like, etc.. In step S203, 'provided by the digital processing unit 7A or provided as a separate unit-frequency A frequency error detected by the control unit or function 77 can be stored in the memory 78, which can be a bit of memory. ❹ * In step S204, the reference oscillator of the crystal reference oscillator 120 of FIG. 1 is replaced. (Illustrated in FIG. 4 as an RC oscillator 162, but it can also be implemented as a gmC-, LC- or ring oscillator) is programmed with the frequency correction or controlled based on the frequency correction. In principle, the local (4) device (lc_vco 80) can also be corrected with this frequency. And is programmed or controlled based on the frequency correction. ^ After that, in step S205, 'the mobile station (controlled) is transmitted to the base station (currently at the correct frequency), and a "locked" Base station.取决于 Depending on the change in the frequency of the reference oscillator 162, this process can be repeated every j or mother day or week. In order to reduce the number of calibration cycles, a 1 slave and master are locked 'the master can be regularly transmitted over a wide-bandwidth (not necessarily as wide as during the initial calibration) to keep its slaves in place At the correct frequency. ° When the (all) controlled device knows the required frequency deviation, a smaller bandwidth can be used for future transmissions. Similarly, periodic updates (such as hourly or daily) can be used to combat frequency drift and aging in the device. The explained principle can also be applied to the polar emitter structure, or all of its transceiver structures. It is possible that at the system level, multiple slaves will be associated with a master. If the sequence used for capture and lock is used regularly for several devices, the device is active (ie, the device is not required for the data to be received) = Receive Wideband Transmit and take the correct frequency reference. '° In order to minimize receiver complexity, the transmitted signal can have a simple modulation format, perhaps even so simple that it can be demodulated in the analog domain, rather than requiring a (high rate) analogy that typically requires high power consumption. Convert digital conversion. The measures of the second embodiment above can of course be combined with the measures of the first embodiment and the second embodiment to further reduce or relax the accuracy requirements of the reference oscillator. The additional complexity in the receiver design of the third embodiment can be very easily implemented in integrated circuit technology. The above example has been given for a master to transmit a wide-bandwidth signal. However, the opposite case (the controlled transmitter transmits a wideband signal) can also be a valid application case. The large bandwidth required to lock the slave to the frequency above the master should be used wisely. For example, due to regulatory requirements of standardized entities, it is most unlikely to allow a large output power at a large bandwidth. If a large amount of redundancy is applied in this wide bandwidth, the transmit power can also be reduced to keep it below the regulatory maximum emissions. Several possibilities can be used to achieve a very wide bandwidth emission. For example, a wide-bandwidth FM transmission using "nested" FM transmission can be used, such as, for example, in 2004 ESSCIRC, JFMGerrits, JR Fararsotu, and JR Long's "for " my personal global adaptive network (My Personal 132913.doc •21 - 200926630

Globai Adaptive Network)" (Magnet) System's uwb Considerations. An alternative to more digitally friendly, the trick is to use spread spectrum techniques (including frequency hopping), which can extend the low frequency tone over a much larger bandwidth. Thus, for example, a 100 kHz tone can be extended over the bandwidth of _1 〇 () MHZ2. Since the spread 'transmit power also spreads over a larger bandwidth, resulting in lower power per MHz', it is easier to meet the light-weight requirements of standardized entities.

It should be noted, however, that 'redundancy in wideband transmission should not have a too low frequency' because it can take up a very long time to read low frequency signals. For example, a 1 kHz modulation would require at least 1 millisecond for proper detection. In principle, the above example assumes a crystal as a frequency reference in the master. However, this is not mandatory. The bandwidth used for transmission can be widened to cover the frequency uncertainty in the master as well. In an alternate example, the master can obtain references from other systems, such as the Global Positioning System (GPS). The invention can be used in ultra low power & 'line devices or wireless consumer devices or all other receivers, transmitters or transceivers. In summary, a device and a system have been described having at least one of a transmitter portion or device for transmitting a transmit signal and a receiver portion or device for receiving a transmit signal, and an operation of this type has been described Device and system method. Generating a reference frequency in an oscillator circuit for frequency conversion in at least one of a transmitter and a receiver portion, and the transmit signal is before being input to the transmitter portion or 132913.doc • 22 · 200926630 A filter circuit is filtered after the self-receiving part of the wheel is turned off. Providing at least one of a filter circuit, at least one of Jtg^^a., J, seeing a parameter to a physical coupling or an electronic handle of the oscillator circuit, thereby relaxing the accuracy of the resonator circuit Therefore, the oscillator circuit can be configured without a crystal resonator element and the size of the device and system can be reduced. This 'the moon' is not limited to the specific examples of the above-described physical coupling or electronic coupling configuration, and may use all kinds of entity coupling or electronic coupling, which uses ☆ phase (four) wave 11 circuit or in the filter circuit - The bandwidth parameter is consumed by the oscillator circuit. The preferred embodiment may thus vary within the scope of the accompanying (four). Last but not least 'it should be noted that when the term "comprising" or "including" is used in the specification containing the claim, it is intended to specify the existence of a feature, component, step or component, but does not exclude one or The presence or addition of multiple features, components, steps, components, or groups thereof. —· , , the word “-” or “one” preceding a component in the request does not exclude the existence of a plurality of such elements. In addition, all reference symbols do not limit the family of the claim items. [FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of a conventional transceiver device. FIG. 2 shows a transceiver device J according to a first embodiment. Figure 3 is a block diagram showing a transceiver in accordance with a second embodiment; Figure 4 is a block diagram showing a transceiver in accordance with a third embodiment; and 132913.doc • 23 200926630 FIG. 5 shows a schematic flow chart of a frequency locking method in accordance with a third preferred embodiment. [Main component symbol description] Ο ❿ 10 RF ripple 12 switch 14 switch 16 BAW RF amplifier 20 low noise amplifier 30 power amplifier 42 mixer 44 mixer 46 I mixer 48 Q mixer 52 filter 54 j Wave filter 62 analog-to-digital converter 64 analog-to-digital converter 66 demodulator 70 digital processing unit 72 digital processing unit 74 measurement unit 77 frequency control unit 78 memory 80 LC-based voltage controlled oscillator 132913.doc - 24-200926630 82 Reference Oscillator 90 Divider Circuit 110 Detector 120 XTAL Oscillator 132 Digital to Analog Converter 134 Digital to Analog Converter 142 Low Pass Data Filter 144 Low Pass Filter, Wave Filter 150 Combination Element 160 Substrate 162 Reference Oscillator 170 Connection Configuration

132913.doc • 25-

Claims (1)

200926630 X. Patent Application Scope L device having at least one of a transmitter portion for transmitting a transmission signal and a receiver portion for receiving a transmission signal, the device comprising: a) an oscillator a circuit (82; 162) for generating a reference frequency for frequency conversion in at least one of the transmitter portion and the receiver portion; b) a filter circuit (10) for Filtering the transmit signal before or after outputting the transmit signal to the transmitter portion; and c) configuring a side-by-side configuration (160; 72' 74; 77) for providing the filter circuit (10) At least one bandwidth and/or center frequency parameter at the at least one of a physical coupling or an electronic coupling of the oscillator circuit (82; 162) to thereby relax the accuracy requirement at the oscillator circuit. 2. The device of claim 1, wherein the coupling configuration comprises a common substrate _ (160), the oscillator circuit (82) and the filter circuit (1) being jointly integrated on the common substrate (160). 3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the vibrator circuit (4) and the chopper circuit (10) are implemented based on surface acoustic wave technology or bulk acoustic wave technology. 4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the oscillator circuit and the filter circuit (10) are implemented based on a film bulk acoustic resonator technology or a microelectromechanical system technology. 5. The apparatus of any one of claims 2 to 4, which causes the oscillator circuit (82) to operate at twice the frequency of the filter circuit (1 〇). 132913.doc 200926630 6. The device according to any one of the items 2 to 4, and the data circuit (10) are substantially the same frequency (10):: vibration ^ ^ circuit (82) And the operation. 7. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the coupling configuration comprises: - a measuring unit t for measuring a band pass characteristic of the chopper circuit (10); and a control early printing 2) for responding to the measuring unit Adjusting the frequency of the oscillator circuit (162) by an output of (74). 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the coupling of the coordinator - 1 Y忑 coupling configuration comprises - connection configuration ❹ °) An input from the oscillator circuit (10) to an input of the filter circuit (10). The device of U-term 8 wherein the connection configuration ... 〇) includes closing only in one calibration mode - Switching element (14). The device of claim 7, wherein the measuring unit (74) is adapted to measure the -Dc voltage generated at a receiving mixing circuit (42, 44). The device, wherein the light-synchronizing configuration comprises: a detecting unit ((6)' for temporarily measuring a bandwidth of a transmitting frame received through the filter circuit (10); and a frequency control unit (77) ) for controlling the oscillator circuit (162) according to the detection result during the -lock operation Obtaining a transmission frequency. 12. As claimed in the device, the device μ frequency control unit (77) is adapted to produce a frequency error of the receiver portion and to control the oscillator circuit based on the detected frequency error. (162) The frequency of 13. The device of claim 12, the step of which includes the memory unit (7), which is used to store the frequency error of the detection. Wherein the frequency control unit (77) is adapted to transmit a acknowledgment to a transmitting end of the transmitting signal if the detected frequency error indicates a frequency locked state of the 132913.doc 200926630 receiver portion. A method of operating at least one of a transmitter portion for transmitting a transmitted signal and a receiver portion for receiving a transmitted signal, the method comprising the steps of: a) at an oscillator circuit (82; 162) Generating a reference frequency for frequency conversion in at least one of the transmitter portion and the receiver portion; ❹ b) before the transmit signal is input to the transmitter portion or from the receiver portion After outputting, filtering the transmit signal at a filter circuit (1); and c) providing at least one bandwidth and/or center frequency parameter at the filter circuit (10) to the oscillator circuit (82; 162) At least one of a physical coupling or an electronic coupling & to thereby relax the accuracy requirement at the oscillator circuit. 〇丨 6. The method of claim 15, wherein the entity is borrowed The method of claim 15 or 16, wherein the electronic coupling is borrowed by the combination of the inverter circuit (82) and the filter circuit (10). This is achieved by measuring the bandpass characteristic of the filter circuit (1 〇) and adjusting the frequency of the oscillator circuit (162) in response to a result of the measurement. 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising injecting a signal from the oscillator circuit (1 62) into the input of the filter circuit (1〇). 19. The method of claim 15, wherein the electronic coupling is by detecting a temporarily increased bandwidth of one of the transmitted signals received via the 132913.doc 200926630 filter circuit (10), and by during the during-locking operation The result is controlled by the oscillator circuit (162) to capture the transmit frequency. 20 21 ❹ ❹ 22. The method of claim 15 further comprising transmitting a acknowledgment to a transmitting end of the *Hui transmit signal if the detected frequency error indicates a -frequency 敎 state of the receiver portion. A system for operating at least one of a transmitter device for transmitting a transmitted signal and a receiver device for receiving the transmitted signal, the system comprising: a) - a metrology unit (66) 'for debt Detecting a temporarily increased bandwidth of the transmitted signal, the increased bandwidth being set by the transmitter device; and b frequency control printing 7) for following the _ result during the -locking operation a control-vibrator circuit (162) to capture-transmit frequency 'the oscillator circuit (162) is provided for frequency conversion in the receiver device; c) wherein if a detection frequency error indicates the receiver portion a frequency lock state, the frequency control unit (77) adapted to transmit an acknowledgement to a transmit end of the transmit signal; wherein the transmitter device is adapted to reduce the transmit signal in response to receiving the acknowledgement bandwidth. The system of claim 21, wherein the transmitter device is adapted to increase the bandwidth of the transmitted signal at regular intervals to trigger the locking operation. 132,913.doc