TW200915249A - Manufacturing method of image display device and image display device - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of image display device and image display device Download PDF

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TW200915249A
TW200915249A TW97115720A TW97115720A TW200915249A TW 200915249 A TW200915249 A TW 200915249A TW 97115720 A TW97115720 A TW 97115720A TW 97115720 A TW97115720 A TW 97115720A TW 200915249 A TW200915249 A TW 200915249A
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Taiwan
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liquid crystal
panel
organic medium
transparent organic
display device
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TW97115720A
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Chinese (zh)
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TWI406206B (en
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Tooru Takahashi
Megumi Takahashi
Hiroshi Sasaki
Makiko Sugibayashi
Yasushi Tomioka
Nobuaki Takane
Hiromasa Kawai
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Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2007052688A external-priority patent/JP5057136B2/en
Priority claimed from JP2007242296A external-priority patent/JP5125345B2/en
Application filed by Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Chemical Co Ltd
Publication of TW200915249A publication Critical patent/TW200915249A/en
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Publication of TWI406206B publication Critical patent/TWI406206B/en

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  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Abstract

To provide a manufacturing method of an image display device having a transparent resin layer installed between an image display panel and a protection panel to improve the shock resistance, which is capable of forming the transparent resin layer with high productivity without bubbles in the transparent resin layer. The manufacturing method of the image display device having a transparent filler disposed between the image display panel and the protection panel installed in the front of this image display panel in close contact with these panels without an air layer between them includes steps of: charging the liquid transparent filler into a region surrounded with a frame material having many air-permeable pores, of one of the image display panel and the protection panel provided with frame materials; placing the other of the image display panel and the protection panel on the frame material; and solidifying the liquid transparent filler.

Description

200915249 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明有關於具有圖像顯示用面板及保護面板之圖像 顯示用裝置以及其製造方法以及液晶顯示裝置。圖像顯示 用面板爲電漿顯示器面板（PDP)、液晶顯示器 (LCD )、有機EL顯示器（〇lED )、場發射顯示器 (FED )等。又’上述顯示用面板以外，亦可能使用於例 如展不照片或繪畫般之靜止圖像之面板之表面。詳言之， 有關於具備有不損及圖像顯示用面板之辨識性且於各式各 樣使用環境或使用狀態下保護圖像顯示用面板的結構之圖 像顯示用裝置及該圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法。 【先前技術】 作爲代表性之圖像顯示用裝置，例如有液晶顯示裝 置。液晶顯示裝置中所用之液晶面板係由在表面上形成有 透明電極、圖像圖案等之厚度約1 mm左右之玻璃基板間[Technical Field] The present invention relates to an image display device having an image display panel and a protective panel, a method of manufacturing the same, and a liquid crystal display device. The image display panels are a plasma display panel (PDP), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (〇lED), a field emission display (FED), and the like. Further, in addition to the above-mentioned display panel, it is also possible to use a surface of a panel which is used for, for example, a still image such as a photograph or a painting. In particular, the image display device and the image display device having a structure that protects the image display panel in a wide variety of environments or use states without impairing the visibility of the image display panel The manufacturing method of the device. [Prior Art] As a representative image display device, for example, a liquid crystal display device is available. The liquid crystal panel used in the liquid crystal display device is formed of a glass substrate having a thickness of about 1 mm formed on the surface by a transparent electrode, an image pattern, or the like.

K 介以數微米左右之間隙而充塡液晶並加以密封之液晶元件 與貼附在其外側兩面上之偏光板等之光學薄膜等所構成。 液晶顯示裝置係來自光源的光通過液晶面板等而作爲圖像 加以辨識者。此時’於個人電腦顯示器用途或液晶電視用 途之最表面爲偏光板’爲了抑制表面反射’有於偏光板表 面上，形成設有細凹凸的抗眩膜或抗反射膜’於偏光板之 下使用厚度爲1 mm左右之玻璃板形成的液晶面板。 不過於液晶顯不裝置中’尤其是行動電話、遊戲機、 -5- 200915249 數位相機、車上用途等時’於類似放入衣物類口袋內時， 假定必定會摩擦之情況’則圖像顯示面成爲於偏光板上設 置丙烯酸樹脂等之透明基板（保護面板）而不與衣服等直 接接觸般的構造。也就是說’液晶面板由於係薄且亦受損 之顯示用零件’因此一般使用在液晶面板之前面設有一定 空間並設置透明保護膜之構造的液晶顯示用裝置。 圖1爲顯示習知的液晶顯示裝置之一例的模式剖面 圖。於介隔間隔件2 0 2相對峙之兩片透明玻璃2 0 1間封入 液晶2 0 3之構造體爲液晶顯示元件2 0 4 ’於此玻璃2 0 1之 外側單面或兩面上貼附偏光板2 0 5構成液晶面板2 0 6。於 液晶面板2 0 6之一側上，配置有由反射板或導光板、擴散 薄片等構成之背光單元209。液晶面板206之另一側上， 介隔空間2 0 8配置有保護面板207。保護面板207爲透明 板，可使用玻璃或丙烯酸樹脂、聚碳酸酯樹脂等之透明塑 膠。空間2 0 8之設置目的是爲了使自外部施加的機械壓力 不會影響及液晶面板2 0 6，故而在尤其是於行動電話、遊 戲機、數位靜止照相機等手持移動爲前提的機器中所使用 之液晶顯示器中尤其爲必要構成。 保護面板的透明辨識部的折射率一般爲1 _ 4至1 _ 6 ’ 又構成液晶顯示元件之辨識側所貼附之偏光板最外層之透 明塑膠膜的折射率一般爲1 . 5至1.6。另一方面，空隙2 〇 8 由空氣所構成（空氣層），其折射率爲1’故而於各界面 中，因Fresnel反射產生反射損失而有顯不特性大爲降低 的問題。 -6- 200915249 又，如前述，個人電腦顯示器、液晶電視之偏光板下 之玻璃板雖隨著製品而有不同，但大致上爲〇. 5至0.7 mm，故而於餐具、花瓶、玩具等偶然碰撞時，有因衝擊 程度大而割傷的可能。今後，個人電腦顯示器、液晶電視 均朝圖像變大之趨向，在玻璃板厚度不變而圖像逐漸變大 之情況，成爲耐衝擊性降低、即使極小衝擊也易於破損。 因此，考慮有藉由於如行動電話等之最外表面上設有透明 基板（以下稱爲「保護面板」）而提高耐衝擊性之方法。 然而，此情況下由於保護面板與偏光板之間亦留有間 隙，因此伴隨著保護面板之兩面以及偏光板表面共計3面 上的反射強烈引起風景圖像映入圖像顯示面，而有在明亮 場所的辨識性降低的問題。於電視或顯示器等之要求有高 畫質之用途，爲了保持辨識性，迄今依舊以不損及液晶顯 示器之顯示性能而不設有保護面板，且若以手指壓向圖像 則圖像變形的狀態商品化。 因此，作爲提高辨識性及強度等爲目的，於以下公開 公報中提出有於保護面板與偏光板之間塡充透明有機物介 質’而抑制偏光板與保護面板之偏光板側的反射之方法 (例如參考專利文獻1至5 )。藉由於保護面板與偏光板 之間的空隙以透明物質置換雖可解決上述問題點，但於介 以透明物質之情況下，有因夾帶氣泡使辨識性降低的問 題’而成爲新的問題點。 此問題’依據專利文獻6，係藉由採用下列方法而加 以解決··每次在圖像顯示用面板（液晶元件）與保護面板 200915249 之間形成透明樹脂層時，使該等相互間保持脫氣，進行下 列任一手法：（1 )使用具有變形容許裕度之間隔物藉由 押壓而密著接合，（2 )藉由使用形成排出路徑之成形框 的溢流而密著接合，（3 )使用刻設有注入孔及排氣孔之 保護面板倂同利用抽氣泵之脫氣作用而密著接合。又，於 以上述間隔物或成形框所包圍之區域內供給液狀樹脂，隨 後使液狀樹脂硬化。 另一方面，塡充透明有機物介質時，在透明有積物介 質爲液體之情況下，若無圖7所示之框1，則透明有機物 介質2會自保護面板3與液晶面板4之間以5般灑落出。 爲此，期望透明有機物介質即使在塡充時爲液體，亦可在 隨後藉由光、熱等之外的刺激或藉由常溫而固化者。 即使塡充後可藉由光照射或藉熱而硬化、固體化之情 況，於未硬化狀態亦有同樣的疑慮。因此，上述情況下， 框成爲必要。 又，上述專利文獻中，於專利文獻1提案設有框之 例。結果’由於保護面板與貼附在液晶面板上之偏光板爲 於任何方向大體上均不彎曲之板狀，因此透明有機物介質 難以以無氣泡地放入兩者之間。於液晶面板上貼附有爲彎 曲性之偏光板時，使偏光板維持彎曲且空氣無法進入之方 式貼附雖有可能’但因保護面板與貼附於液晶面板上之偏 光板任一者缺乏彎曲性而難以無氣泡地進行貼附。 專利文獻1 :日本特開平1 1 - 1 744 1 7號公報 專利文獻2 :日本特開平〇 6 - 〇 7 5 2 1 0號公報 200915249 專利文獻3 :日本特開平09-318932號公報 專利文獻4:日本特開平05_165011號公報 專利文獻5 :日本特開平07-064066號公報 專利文獻6:日本特開平6-337411號公報 【發明內容】 [發明欲解決之課題] 即使藉由上述專利文獻6之方法，仍舊有氣泡夾入問 題待解決的課題’再者，以上述（1 )之方法，有必要對 液狀樹脂之供給加以嚴密定量化，若非如此，則多餘樹脂 滲出的處理有其必要；於（2 )之方法，樹脂達平坦均一 化的時間耗時且滲出樹脂之處理有必要，其處理費時費工 等而使作業性變差’若依據（3 )之方法，有製造裝置及 作業變複雜等等問題’其結果，有圖像顯示用裝置之生產 管理複雜化且生產性降低的問題。再者，即使於任一方 法’有必要使間隔物、成形框或保護面板加工成特殊形 狀’而無法使用便宜的平面板。又，於排出路徑或注入孔 周圍有氣孔殘留’即使於未直接影響圖像之外周部，於長 期使用環境中’有容易自其氣泡開始而產生保護面板浮起 或剝離的問題。又，作爲滲出之液狀樹脂的處理方法，有 必須對面板每次進行擦拭作業的問題。 鑑於上述問題點’本發明之第一目的係提供一種於圖 像顯不用面板與保護面板之間未存在有空氣而密著配置有 透明有機物介質之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法，其係不於 -9- 200915249 透明有機物介質中夾帶入氣泡且容易地製造辨識性優異的 圖像顯示用裝置，且生產性良好之製造方法，以及提供如 此的圖像顯示用裝置，再者，本發明第二目的係提供一種 可解決透明有機物介質滲出的問題且生產性更豐富之圖像 顯不用裝置之製造方法以及此等圖像顯示用裝置。 [爲解決課題之手段] 爲解決上述課題之手段不於以下。亦即 (η —種圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法，其特徵爲其 係於圖像顯示用面板與設置在該圖像顯示用面板之辨識側 之保護面板間未介有空氣層而配置介以由透明有機物介質 所構成之層之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法，該方法包含下 列步驟： 於設置有具有可使空氣通過之多數空隙的框材之圖像 顯示用面板或保護面板之其一面板之以上述框材所包圍之 內側，注入液狀透明有機物介質之步驟； 於上述框材上載置圖像顯示用面板或保護面板中之另 —面板之步驟；以及 使注入之上述液狀透明有機物介質固化之步驟。 (2) 如上述（1)記載之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方 法’其中所使用之液狀透明有機物介質之體積爲圖像顯示 用面板、保護面板及框材所包圍之體積以上。 (3) 如上述（1)或（2)記載之圖像顯示用裝置之 製造方法，其中所使用之液狀透明有機物介質之體積爲圖 -10- 200915249 像顯示用面板、保護面板及框材所包圍之體積與框材的全 部空隙的體積之和以下。 (4) 如上述（1)至（3)任一者記載之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中上述液狀透明有機物介質爲含有丙 烯酸系衍生物聚合物與1分子內具有1個以上聚合性不飽 和鍵之化合物且可藉由熱或活性光線照射而聚合者。 (5) 如上述（1)至（4)任一者記載之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中上述透明有機物介質之全光線透過 率爲5 0 %以上。 (6) 如上述（1)至（5)任一者記載之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中上述框.材爲連續氣泡之多孔質片 材。 (7) 如上述（1)至（6)任一者記載之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中上述框材之空隙率爲20%〜9 8%。 (8) 如上述（！）至（7)任一者記載之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中於使上述液狀透明有機物介質固化 之步驟之後，包含除去框材之步驟。 (9) 一種圖像顯示用裝置，其特徵爲以上述（1)至 (7 )任一者記載之方法獲得，且於框材內含浸有透明有 機物介質。 (10) —種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵爲具備有：背光單 元；由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、 定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板；設於該液晶面板之非 面向該背光單元側之透明保護面板；設於該液晶面板兩側 -11 - 200915249 之偏光板；配置於該保護面板與該液晶面板之間的透明有 機物介質層；以及以包圍該透明有機物層之方式形成之框 材；上述保護面板側之該框材之至少一部分爲連續氣泡型 多孔質構件，且於上述液晶面板側之與上述連續氣泡型多 孔質構件相接之該框材爲非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔 質構件。 (11) 一種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵爲具備有：背光單 元；由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、 定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板；設於該液晶面板之非 面向該背光單元側之透明保護面板；設於該液晶面板兩側 之偏光板；配置於該保護面板與該液晶面板之間的透明有 機物介質層；以及以包圍該透明有機物介質層之方式形成 之由非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件所構成之框 材；其中上述保護面板側之該框材之至少一邊的一部分有 缺損。 (1 2 ) —種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵係具備有背光單元 及由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、定 向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護 面板；於該液晶面板之兩面貼附有偏光板；於該保護面板 與該液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介質層；以及於該透明 有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材，於至少該框材之一邊之 保護面板側使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件，於液晶面板側使 用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件。 -12- 200915249 (1 3 )如上述（1 2 )記載之液晶顯示裝置，其中於上 述框材之保護面板側之使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件之該邊 以外的邊上結合有驅動用1C驅動器。 (1 4 ) 一種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵係配置有背光單元 及由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、定 向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護 面板；於該液晶面板之兩面上貼附有偏光板；於上述保護 面板與上述液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介質層；於該透 明有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材，該框材之四邊同時使 用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件且至少一邊有一 處以上的間隙。 (1 5 )如上述（1 4 )記載之液晶顯示裝置，其中上述 一處以上之間隙位在邊的端部。 (1 6 )如上述（1 4 )或（1 5 )記載之液晶顯示裝置， 其中於使用有一處以上間隙之框材之邊以外之邊上結合有 驅動用I C驅動器。 (1 7 )如上述（1 2 )至（1 6 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置’其中上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶面 板、上述2片偏光板係位於一外殼內，上述保護面板介以 該透明有機物介質層貼合在該液晶面板上。 (1 8 )如上述（1 2 )至（1 6 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置’其中上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶面 板、上述2片偏光板係位於一外殼內，上述保護面板介以 -13- 200915249 該透明有機物介質層貼合在該液晶面板上’上述保護面板 之面積大於上述液晶面板’且使上述保護面板與上述外殼 結合。 (19) 一種液晶顯示裝置’其特徵爲其係配置有背光 單元及由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶 層、定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之背光單元側之面上貼附有偏光板； 於上述液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護面 板；於該保護面板與該液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介質 層；於該透明有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材’於至少該 框材之一邊之於保護面板側使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件’ 於該液晶面板側使用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構 件，且於該保護面板之該透明有機物介質層側上貼附有偏 光板。 (20) 如上述（19)記載之液晶顯示裝置，其中於上 述框材之保護面板側之使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件之邊上 未結合驅動用1C驅動器。 (2 1 ) —種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵爲其係配置有背光 單元及由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶 層、定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之背光單元側之面上貼附有偏光板； 於該液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護面板； 且於上述保護面板與上述液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介 質層；於該透明有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材，該框材 -14- 200915249 之四邊同時使用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件， 其至少一邊具有一處以上之間隙，且於該保護面板之該透 明有機物介質層側貼附有偏光板。 (22) 如上述（21)記載之液晶顯示裝置’其中上述 一處以上之間隙位在邊的端部。 (23) 如上述（21)或（22)記載之液晶顯示裝置， 其中於使用有一處以上間隙之框材之邊以外之邊上結合有 驅動用1C驅動器。 (24) 如上述（19)至（23)任一者自2載之液晶顯不 裝置，其中上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶面 板係位於一外殼內，且上述保護面板與上述偏光板面介以 上述透明有機物介質層貼合在上述液晶面板上。 (25 )如上述（19 )至（23 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置’其中上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶面 板係位於一外殼內，上述保護面板與上述偏光板面介以上 述透明有機物介質層貼合在上述液晶面板上，該保護面板 之面積大於該液晶面板，且該保護面板與該外殼結合。 (26) 如上述（12)至（16)及（19)至（23)任一 者記載之液晶顯示裝置，其中上述背光、上述液晶面板、 上述兩片偏光板 '上述透明有機物之介質層、上述保護面 板係位於一外殼內。 (27) 如上述（12)至（μ)及（19)至（23)任一 者記載之液晶顯示裝置，上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背 光、上述液晶面板、上述兩片偏光板係位於一外殻內，上 -15- 200915249 述保護面板係介以上述透明有機物介質層貼合在上述液晶 面板上，上述保護面板之面積大於上述液晶面板，上述保 護面板與上述外殻結合’且上述液晶面板及上述兩片偏光 板係以透明有機物介質層予以保持。 (28 )如上述（1 0 )至（27 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述非多孔質構件之橡膠硬度以Durometer A 硬度計測得爲〇〜3 0。 (29 )如上述（10 )至（28 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述非多孔質構件中，含有與上述透明有機物 介質層厚度相同的直徑的粒子。 (3 0 )如上述（1 〇 )至（29 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述獨立氣泡型多孔質構件之橡膠硬度以 D u r 〇 m e t e r A硬度計測得爲3 0以下。 (31) 如上述（10)至（30)任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述液晶面板之驅動用1C驅動器，係配置在 使上述液晶面板直立時之上述液晶面板之與地面最接近一 邊及與該一邊垂直之兩邊之任一邊上。 (32) 如上述（1〇)至（31)任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層厚度爲G.1至10 mm。 (33) 如上述（10)至（32)任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層之橡膠硬度以 Durometer A硬度計測得爲30以下。 (3 4 )如上述（1 〇 )至（3 3 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層之構成構件的折射率 -16- 200915249 η，於保護面板之折射率設爲n〇時，其折射率符合下式： n〇-〇.2<n<n〇 + 0.2 。 (3 5 )如上述（1 0 )至（3 4 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層含有於可見光領域有吸 收之化合物。 (3 6 )如上述（1 0 )至（3 5 )任一者記載之液晶顯示 裝置，其中上述保護面板之未面向該透明有機物介質層之 側上具有抗反射膜或抗眩膜。 (37)如上述（36)記載之液晶顯示裝置，其中上述 抗反射膜或抗眩膜係由氧化矽微粒子與具有水解性基之矽 化合物所形成，且上述抗反射膜於其內部具有空隙。 (3 8 )如上述（3 7 )記載之液晶顯示裝置，其中上述 抗反射膜表面上具有由含有氟聚醚鏈或氟烷基鏈之化合物 所形成之層。 [發明效果] 依據本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法，於圖像顯 示用面板與保護面板之間的透明有機物介質中不會夾帶入 氣泡’從而可容易地製造辨識性優異之圖像顯示用裝置。 藉由包圍具有多數空隙之框材外周部，因毛細管現象，必 要的減壓變爲未必需要，使液體迅速地朝外周部移動成爲 可能’伴隨於此，夾帶入透明有機體介質中之氣泡在短時 間內朝外周部移動，而可自辨識部消除，並可向框材之空 隙逐出。又，樹脂滲出的問題（因樹脂滲出引起的臭味、 -17- 200915249 框體污染、發黏或滲出樹脂脂處理。例如每次必須對面板 擦拭浸出之液狀樹脂的作業等）可容易地消除。於辨識 部，尤其是於框材內部’由於無殘留氣泡，故可抑制因其 開始發生之氣泡部分的剝離及擴大的發生。此效果可使高 溫筒濕下之長期is賴性（在局溫筒濕下，例如溫度6 0 〇C、 溼度90%之環境試驗中長時間無剝離的效果）提高。藉由 此方法所得之圖像顯示用裝置的辨識性優異、生產性、信 賴性高。 又，依據本發明，可抑制透明有機物介質之漏出且可 減少氣泡（抑制殘留氣泡）。又，於框材組合連續氣泡形 多孔質構件之情況時’保護面板可以無氣泡地貼附在液晶 面板上。 【實施方式】 本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法，依據第一樣 態，其特徵爲其係於圖像顯示用面板與設置在該圖像顯示 面板之辨識側之保護面板間未介有空氣層而密著配置透明 有機物介質之圖像顯示裝置之製造方法，該方法包含下列 步驟：於設置有具有可使空氣通過之多數空隙的框材之圖 像顯示用面板或保護面板之其一面板之以上述框材所包圍 之內側，注入液狀透明有機物介質之步驟；於上述框材上 載置圖像顯示用面板或保護面板中之另一面板之步驟；以 及使液狀透明有機物介質固化之步驟。 本發明之圖像顯示用裝置係利用本發明之圖像顯示用 -18 - 200915249 裝置之製造方法製造且於框材內塡充有透明有機物介質 者。 以下首先對本發明之第一樣態的圖像顯示用裝置以及 其製造方法進行詳述描述。 本發明之圖像顯示用裝置爲使用電漿顯示器面板 (PDP )、液晶顯示器（LCD )、有機 EL顯示器 (OLED )、場發射顯示器（FED )等之圖像顯示用面板之 顯示用裝置。又，除上述顯示用裝置以外，亦包含於展示 照片或圖畫般之靜止圖像之面板上裝載有保護面板者。 本發明之圖像顯示用裝置小自例如行動電話之液晶顯 示器般之2吋左右之小型顯示器乃至32吋或以上之大型 顯示器，無論尺寸如何均可適用。尤其是本發明對容易發 生氣泡夾帶入之3 2吋以上的大型顯示器具有效果。透明 樹脂層中夾帶入之氣泡於短時間內朝外周部移動，而可自 辨識部消除。 使用附圖對本發明之圖像顯示裝置加以說明。圖2爲 _示本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之一的液晶顯示裝置一例之 剞面圖，於液晶面板206及保護面板207之間設置有框材 2 1 0，於藉此所劃分出的空間內充滿透明有機物介質2 1 1， 逝密著設置於液晶面板206及保護面板207上。於液晶面 板，亦可於形成液晶面板之透明基材（玻璃等）上搭載用 以使其動作之驅動器晶片，又亦可具備有連結驅動器晶片 及輸出電路之電線（cable )。液晶面板組裝並固定於作爲 最終製品之個人電腦或行動電話、電視等之框體（外殼） -19- 200915249 上而使用。本發明中，預先將液晶面板設置於框體等之情 況亦包含於圖像顯示用面板中。背光雖爲作爲液晶顯示裝 置所必須，但作爲本發明之圖像（液晶）顯示裝置或圖像 (液晶）顯示用面板卻非必需。如反射型液晶裝置般，背 光可爲必要亦可爲非必要者。 [圖像顯示用面板] 圖像顯示用面板爲使用於上述圖像顯示裝置用之用以 顯示圖像之面板，於與保護面板相對面之表面爲由玻璃、 塑膠板、塑膠薄膜等之透明基材所構成者，可爲完成之圖 像顯示面板亦可爲其中間品。又，透明基材之表面亦可爲 進行有表面處理者。表面處理之目的是用以提高抗反射、 防靜電性、硬度•耐磨耗性或潤滑性•耐蝕性或耐氧化 性•耐熱性或絕熱性·絕緣性•密著性·裝飾性或美觀 等。實際上，舉例有蒸鍍、濺鍍、硬塗層、矽烷偶合劑、 電鍍、蝕刻、氣相蝕刻、電漿處理、紫外線照射處理、臭 氧處理、印刷等。表面處理，包含將已經過表面處理之薄 片狀基板以黏著劑等貼附在透明基材上者。 [保護面板] 本發明中，保護面板的任務是保護顯示用裝置之外面 以及圖像顯示用裝置，而要求有表面硬度或耐擦傷性。於 液晶顯示裝置中，因保護面板之雙折射之相位差較好爲50 nm以下。於液晶顯示裝置中，若透明辨識部之雙折射爲 -20- 200915249 5 0 nm以下，則會對圖像顯示用面板之優異色調帶來影響 而不好。 保護面板對波長3 65 nm的紫外光透過率若低於1%， 則使紫外線硬化性液狀物硬化而形成透明有機物介質時， 自透明辨識部（保護面板側）以紫外線照射無法獲得充分 曝光量，因硬化不足而殘留有臭味等問題，故自透明辨識 部側照射紫外線時，保護面板對波長3 6 5 nm的紫外線透 過率較好爲1 %以上。 至於使用於保護面板之透明辨識部之材質之例，可舉 例有玻璃、透明樹脂。該等較好爲光學形變小者。作爲透 明樹脂，可適當舉例有尤其是丙烯酸系樹脂、烯烴系樹 脂、環烯烴系樹脂、氟樹脂、低雙折射性聚碳酸酯樹脂、 低雙折射性聚酯樹脂、矽氧系樹脂等之紫外線透過性及低 雙折射性均優異之樹脂構件。於保護面板之辨識部以外， 亦可有稱爲黑元件之邊框。黑元件之功能係使辨識部以外 之周緣部分成爲黑色，而有隱藏1C驅動器或連接部分的 效果。保護面板亦包含經過表面處理者。表面處理之目的 是用以提高抗反射、防靜電性、硬度.耐磨耗性或潤滑 性•耐蝕性或耐氧化性•耐熱性或絕熱性·絕緣性.密著 性•裝飾性或美觀等。實際上，舉例有蒸鍍、濺鍍、硬塗 層、矽烷偶合劑、電鍍、蝕刻、氣相蝕刻、電漿處理、紫 外線照射處理、臭氧處理、印刷等。表面處理，包含將已 經過表面處理之薄片狀基板以黏著劑等貼附在保護面板上 者。 -21 - 200915249 [透明有機物介質] 本發明中，透明有機物介質（透明塡充材）爲液狀透 明有機物介質經固體化者。 透明有機物介質厚度可依據圖像顯示用裝置之規格而 自由選擇，但較佳範圍舉例爲0.1〜10 mm。厚度未滿0.1 mm，則有易於吸收來自外部應力之傾向，若超過1 〇 mm 則有透明性及色相降低的傾向。 作爲本發明中之透明有機物介質（固體化後），爲了 不使顯示之圖像明亮度或對比度降低，較好全光線透過率 爲50%以上，更好爲70%以上，又更好爲80%以上，其上 限通常爲92%左右。於色調調整或控制紫外線透過之目的 亦可含有顏料或染料。 液狀透明有機物介質於塡充於圖像顯示用面板或保護 面板上之條件下爲液狀，而隨後可固化者。 本發明中，作爲液狀透明有機物介質，具體可舉例有 熱硬化性單體或光硬化性單體、其等之寡聚物、或聚合物 或該寡聚物與該單體之混合物中調配熱聚合起始劑或光聚 合起始劑而成之液狀物、熱可塑性樹脂，藉由溶膠凝膠法 而成之透明無機膜等（於溶膠凝膠法，係以無機、有機金 屬鹽之溶液作爲起始溶液’藉由使該溶液水解及縮合反應 而成膠體溶液（S ο 1 )’進而藉由促進反應而形成失去流 動性之固體（Gel )’此Ge丨經處理製得玻璃或陶瓷之方 法）。其中’較好舉例爲於紫外線硬化性單體或其寡聚物 -22- 200915249 或聚合物與該單體之混合物中調配光聚合起始劑而成之液 狀物。 自爲了使保護面板與液晶面板接合而賦予黏著力之觀 點觀之，液狀透明有機物介質適宜使用交聯性矽氧橡膠樹 脂、交聯性聚胺基甲酸酯彈性體等樹脂組成物，但尤其較 好包含甲基丙烯酸或丙烯酸、其等之酯化合物其他衍生物 (包含寡聚物’以下稱爲丙烯酸系衍生物）、丙烯酸系衍 生物之聚合物或丙烯酸系衍生物與此聚合物。尤其，以短 時間可光硬化之觀點觀之，更好包含丙稀酸及其衍生物 (包含寡聚物），具體而言，較好含有丙烯酸系衍生物聚 合物與分子內具有1個以上聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物。 作爲上述丙烯酸系衍生物，舉例有丙烯酸或甲基丙烯 酸、其等之衍生物等。丙烯酸及甲基丙烯酸以外，具體 上，作爲分子內具有1個以上聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物’ 舉例有甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸 異丁酯、甲基丙烯酸2_乙基己酯、甲基丙烯酸異壬酯、甲 基丙嫌酸正辛醋、甲基丙稀酸月桂基醋、甲基丙稀酸硬脂 基醋等之甲基丙烯酸烷酯；丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、 丙稀酸異丁酯、丙嫌酸2 -乙基己酯、丙嫌酸異壬酯、丙嫌 酸正辛醋等之丙稀酸院酯；甲基丙嫌酸辛醋寺之甲基丙嫌 酸芳|完基醋；丙嫌酸节酯等之丙燃酸芳院基醋，甲基丙嫌 酸丁氧基乙基酯等之甲基丙烯酸烷氧基烷酯；丙烯酸丁氧 基乙酯等之丙烯酸垸氧基垸醋；甲基丙嫌酸N，N-二甲基胺 基乙基醋等之甲基丙烯酸胺基烷酯；丙烯酸N，N -二甲基胺 -23- 200915249 基乙基酯等之丙烯酸胺基烷酯；二乙二醇乙基醚之甲基丙 嫌酸酯、三乙二醇丁基醚之甲基丙烯酸酯、二丙二醇甲基 醚之甲基丙烯酸酯等之聚伸烷二醇烷基醚之甲基丙烯酸 酷；二乙二醇乙基醚之丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇丁基醚之丙烯 酸酯'二丙二醇甲基醚之丙烯酸酯等之聚伸烷二醇烷基醚 之丙稀酸酯；六乙二醇苯基醚之甲基丙烯酸酯等之聚伸烷 二醇芳基醚之甲基丙烯酸酯；六乙二醇苯基醚之丙烯酸酯 等之聚伸烷二醇芳基醚之甲基丙烯酸酯；甲基丙烯酸環己 醋、丙烯酸環己酯、甲基丙烯酸二環戊烯酯、丙烯酸二環 戊烯酯、甲基丙烯酸異冰片基酯'甲基丙烯酸甲氧基化環 癸三稀基酯、丙烯酸異冰片基酯、丙烯酸甲氧基化環癸三 烯基酯等之具有脂環式基之甲基丙烯酸酯或丙稀酸酯；甲 基丙嫌酸十七氟癸基酯等之甲基丙烯酸氟化烷基酯；丙烯 酸十七氟癸基酯等之丙烯酸氟化烷基酯；甲基丙烯酸2-羥 基乙基酯、甲基丙烯酸3·羥基丙基酯、甲基丙烯酸4 -羥基 丁基酯、丙烯酸2-羥基乙基酯、丙烯酸3-羥基丙基酯、丙 儲酸4 -羥基丁基酯、甲基丙烯酸甘油酯、丙烯酸甘油酯等 之具有羥基之甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯；丙烯酸、甲基丙 烯酸等之具有羧基之甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯；甲基丙烯 酸縮水甘油酯、丙烯酸縮水甘油酯等之具有縮水甘油基之 甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯；丙烯醯胺等。該等可單獨使用 或以兩種以上倂用。 該等分子內具有1個聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物可以j 種使用或以兩種以上倂用。 -24- 200915249 本發明中，分子內具有2個以上聚合性不飽和鍵之化 合物可與作爲上述丙烯酸系衍生物之分子內具有1個聚合 性不飽和鍵之化合物一起使用。作爲此等化合物，舉例有 雙酚 A二甲基丙烯酸酯、1,4-丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、 1,3 -丁二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、 甘油二甲基丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚乙二 醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、四乙二醇 二甲基丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、季戊四 醇三甲基丙烯酸酯、三（甲基丙烯醯氧基乙基）異尿氰酸 酯、季戊四醇四甲基丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇四甲基丙烯酸 酯、二季戊四醇六甲基丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五甲基丙烯 酸酯、雙酚A二丙烯酸酯、1,4_丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、1,3-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、二乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、甘油二丙烯酸 酯、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚丙二 醇二丙烯酸酯、四乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羥甲基丙烷三丙 烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、三（丙烯醯氧基乙基）異 尿氰酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇四丙烯酸 酯、二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯酸酯等。 丙烯酸系衍生物中作爲分子內具有2個以上聚合性不 飽和鍵之化合物’進而舉例有以通式（a)表示之雙酚A 之伸烷氧加成物之二丙烯酸酯化合物、其丙烯醯基替換成 甲基丙烯醯基之化合物： -25- 200915249 [化i] CH-C-{〇-K is formed by a liquid crystal element which is filled with a liquid crystal and sealed by a gap of several micrometers, and an optical film such as a polarizing plate attached to both outer surfaces thereof. The liquid crystal display device is a person whose light from a light source is recognized as an image through a liquid crystal panel or the like. At this time, 'the most surface of the use of the personal computer monitor or the use of the liquid crystal television is a polarizing plate' in order to suppress the surface reflection. On the surface of the polarizing plate, an anti-glare film or an anti-reflection film having fine irregularities is formed under the polarizing plate. A liquid crystal panel formed using a glass plate having a thickness of about 1 mm. However, in the LCD display device, especially when it is a mobile phone, a game console, a -5-200915249 digital camera, a car, etc., when it is similarly placed in a clothing pocket, it is assumed that it will be rubbed. The surface is a structure in which a transparent substrate (protective panel) such as an acrylic resin is provided on a polarizing plate without being in direct contact with clothes or the like. In other words, the liquid crystal display device has a structure in which a liquid crystal panel is thin and is also damaged. Therefore, a liquid crystal display device having a structure in which a transparent protective film is provided in front of the liquid crystal panel is generally used. Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional liquid crystal display device. The structure in which the liquid crystals 2 0 3 are sealed between the two transparent glasses of the spacer spacers 2 0 2 is a liquid crystal display element 2 0 4 'attached to one side or both sides of the outer surface of the glass 2 0 1 The polarizing plate 205 constitutes a liquid crystal panel 205. On one side of the liquid crystal panel 206, a backlight unit 209 composed of a reflector, a light guide plate, a diffusion sheet, or the like is disposed. On the other side of the liquid crystal panel 206, a protective panel 207 is disposed in the intervening space 208. The protective panel 207 is a transparent plate, and a transparent plastic such as glass or acrylic resin or polycarbonate resin can be used. The space 208 is set so that the mechanical pressure applied from the outside does not affect the liquid crystal panel 205, and thus is used in a machine that is premised on hand movements such as mobile phones, game machines, and digital still cameras. In particular, a liquid crystal display is necessary. The refractive index of the transparent identification portion of the protective panel is generally 1 _ 4 to 1 _ 6 ′ and the refractive index of the transparent plastic film constituting the outermost layer of the polarizing plate attached to the identification side of the liquid crystal display element is generally 1.5 to 1.6. On the other hand, the void 2 〇 8 is composed of air (air layer) and has a refractive index of 1 Å. Therefore, in each interface, there is a problem that the reflection loss is caused by the Fresnel reflection, and the characteristic is greatly lowered. -6- 200915249 In addition, as mentioned above, the glass plates under the polarizing plates of personal computer monitors and LCD TVs vary from product to product, but are generally 〇. 5 to 0.7 mm, so occasionally in tableware, vases, toys, etc. In the event of a collision, there is a possibility of cutting due to a large impact. In the future, both PC monitors and LCD TVs tend to be larger in size, and when the thickness of the glass sheet is constant and the image is gradually increased, the impact resistance is lowered, and even a small impact is easily broken. Therefore, a method of improving the impact resistance by providing a transparent substrate (hereinafter referred to as a "protective panel") on the outermost surface such as a mobile phone is considered. However, in this case, since there is a gap between the protective panel and the polarizing plate, the reflection on the two sides of the protective panel and the surface of the polarizing plate are strongly reflected on the image display surface, and the image is reflected on the image display surface. The problem of reduced visibility in bright places. In order to maintain the visibility of TVs or monitors, in order to maintain the identification, the display performance of the liquid crystal display is still not damaged, and the image is deformed if the image is pressed by the finger. State commercialization. Therefore, in order to improve the visibility, the strength, and the like, a method of suppressing reflection of the polarizing plate and the polarizing plate side of the protective panel by the transparent organic medium between the protective panel and the polarizing plate is proposed in the following publication (for example, Refer to Patent Documents 1 to 5). The above problem can be solved by replacing the gap between the protective panel and the polarizing plate with a transparent substance. However, in the case of a transparent substance, there is a problem that the visibility is lowered by entrainment of air bubbles, which becomes a new problem. This problem is solved by the following method according to Patent Document 6. Each time a transparent resin layer is formed between the image display panel (liquid crystal element) and the protective panel 200915249, the mutual retention is maintained. The gas is subjected to any of the following methods: (1) using a spacer having a deformation allowance margin to be closely bonded by pressing, and (2) adhering by using an overflow of a forming frame forming a discharge path, ( 3) The protective panel in which the injection hole and the vent hole are provided is closely bonded by the degassing action of the air pump. Further, the liquid resin is supplied in a region surrounded by the spacer or the molding frame, and then the liquid resin is cured. On the other hand, when the transparent organic medium is filled, if the transparent integrated medium is liquid, the transparent organic medium 2 will be between the protective panel 3 and the liquid crystal panel 4 without the frame 1 shown in FIG. 5 spilled out. For this reason, it is desirable that the transparent organic medium is liquid even when it is filled, and may be subsequently cured by stimulation other than light, heat, or the like by ordinary temperature. Even if it is hardened or solidified by light irradiation or heat, it has the same doubts in the unhardened state. Therefore, in the above case, the frame becomes necessary. Further, in the above patent document, an example of a frame is proposed in Patent Document 1. As a result, since the protective panel and the polarizing plate attached to the liquid crystal panel are in a plate shape which is not substantially curved in any direction, it is difficult for the transparent organic medium to be placed between the two without bubbles. When a polarizing plate that is curved is attached to the liquid crystal panel, it is possible to attach the polarizing plate while maintaining the bending of the polarizing plate and the air cannot enter. However, the polarizing plate that is protected by the protective panel and attached to the liquid crystal panel is lacking. It is bendable and it is difficult to attach without bubbles. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. 09-318932. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. In the method of the above (1), it is necessary to strictly quantify the supply of the liquid resin. If not, the treatment of excess resin bleed is necessary; According to the method of (2), it takes time and uniformity of the resin to be flat and uniform, and it is necessary to process the resin, and the processing is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the workability is deteriorated. If the method according to (3), there is a manufacturing apparatus and work. As a result of the complexity and the like, the production management of the image display device is complicated and the productivity is lowered. Further, even in any of the methods, it is necessary to process the spacer, the forming frame or the protective panel into a special shape, and it is not possible to use an inexpensive flat plate. Further, there is a problem that the pores remain in the vicinity of the discharge path or the injection hole. Even if the peripheral portion of the image is not directly affected, there is a problem that the protective panel floats or peels off from the bubble in the long-term use environment. Further, as a method of treating the oozing liquid resin, there is a problem that it is necessary to perform a wiping operation on the panel every time. In view of the above problems, the first object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing an image display device in which a transparent organic medium is disposed in close contact between an image display panel and a protective panel. In the transparent organic medium, a bubble is entrained in the transparent organic medium, and an image display device excellent in visibility is easily manufactured, and a production method with good productivity, and an image display device are provided. Further, the present invention The second object is to provide a method for manufacturing an image display device which can solve the problem of bleed out of a transparent organic medium and which is more productive, and an image display device. [Means to solve the problem] The means for solving the above problems are not as follows. In other words, the manufacturing method of the image display device is characterized in that the image display panel and the protective panel provided on the identification side of the image display panel are not provided with an air layer. A method of manufacturing an image display device comprising a layer composed of a transparent organic medium, the method comprising the steps of: an image display panel or a protective panel provided with a frame material having a plurality of voids through which air can pass a step of injecting a liquid transparent organic medium on the inner side of the panel surrounded by the frame material; a step of placing the image display panel or the other panel in the protective panel on the frame material; and injecting the liquid state (2) The method for producing an image display device according to the above (1), wherein the volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used is an image display panel, a protective panel, and a frame material. (3) The method for producing an image display device according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the liquid transparent organic medium is used The product is as shown in Figure -10-200915249. The volume enclosed by the display panel, the protective panel, and the frame material is equal to or less than the volume of all the voids of the frame material. (4) As described in any of the above (1) to (3) The method for producing an image display device, wherein the liquid transparent organic medium is a compound containing an acrylic derivative polymer and having one or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in one molecule and polymerizable by irradiation with heat or active light. (5) The method for producing an image display device according to any one of the above (1), wherein the transparent organic medium has a total light transmittance of 50% or more. (6) as described above ( In the method of manufacturing an image display device according to any one of the above aspects, wherein the frame material is a porous sheet of continuous cells. (7) As described in any one of the above (1) to (6) The method for producing an image display device, wherein the frame material has a porosity of 20% to 9 8%. (8) A method of manufacturing an image display device according to any one of the above (!) to (7) After the step of curing the liquid transparent organic medium, A step of removing the frame material. (9) An image display device obtained by the method according to any one of the above (1) to (7), wherein the frame material is impregnated with a transparent organic medium. a liquid crystal display device comprising: a backlight unit; a liquid crystal panel having electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter held by two glass substrates; and being disposed on the liquid crystal panel a transparent protective panel facing the backlight unit side; a polarizing plate disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal panel -11 - 200915249; a transparent organic medium layer disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and surrounding the transparent organic layer a frame material formed by the method; at least a part of the frame material on the side of the protective panel is a continuous cell type porous member, and the frame material that is in contact with the continuous bubble type porous member on the liquid crystal panel side is non-porous A member or a bubble-type porous member. (11) A liquid crystal display device comprising: a backlight unit; a liquid crystal panel having electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter held by two glass substrates; and being provided in the liquid crystal panel a transparent protective panel facing the backlight unit; a polarizing plate disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal panel; a transparent organic medium layer disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and forming a transparent organic medium layer A frame material composed of a non-porous member or a closed cell type porous member; wherein at least one side of at least one side of the frame member on the side of the protective panel is defective. (1) a liquid crystal display device comprising: a backlight unit; and a liquid crystal panel which is held by two glass substrates and has an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; a transparent protective panel is disposed on the side of the backlight unit; a polarizing plate is attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel; a transparent organic medium layer is disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and four sides of the transparent organic medium layer The end portion has a frame material, and a continuous cell type porous member is used for the protective panel side of at least one of the frame members, and a non-porous member or a closed cell type porous member is used for the liquid crystal panel side. In the liquid crystal display device according to the above aspect (1), the drive 1C driver is coupled to the side other than the side of the continuous bubble type porous member on the protective panel side of the frame member. . (1) A liquid crystal display device characterized by being provided with a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel which is held by two glass substrates and has an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; wherein the liquid crystal panel is a transparent protective panel is disposed on the side of the backlight unit; a polarizing plate is attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel; and a transparent organic medium layer is disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and the four sides of the transparent organic medium layer The frame has a frame material, and the non-porous member or the closed-cell type porous member is simultaneously used on the four sides of the frame member, and at least one side of the gap is provided. (1) The liquid crystal display device according to the above (1), wherein the one or more gaps are located at the ends of the sides. (1) The liquid crystal display device according to the above (1), wherein the drive IC driver is coupled to the side other than the side of the frame member having one or more gaps. (1) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above-mentioned (1), wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are located in a casing. The protective panel is adhered to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer. (1) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above-mentioned (1), wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are located in a casing. The protective panel is bonded to the liquid crystal panel by the transparent organic medium layer 13-200915249. The area of the protective panel is larger than the liquid crystal panel and the protective panel is bonded to the outer casing. (19) A liquid crystal display device characterized by being provided with a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel held by two glass substrates and having electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; a polarizing plate is attached to the surface of the backlight unit of the panel; a transparent protective panel is disposed on the non-facing side of the liquid crystal panel; and a transparent organic medium layer is disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; At the four end portions of the dielectric layer, a frame material 'at least one of the frame materials is used on the side of the protective panel, and a continuous cell type porous member is used." The non-porous member or the closed cell type porous member is used on the liquid crystal panel side, and A polarizing plate is attached to the transparent organic medium layer side of the protective panel. (20) The liquid crystal display device according to the above (19), wherein the driving 1C driver is not coupled to the side of the protective panel side of the frame member on which the continuous bubble type porous member is used. (2) a liquid crystal display device characterized by being provided with a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel which is held by two glass substrates and has an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; a polarizing plate is attached to a surface of the liquid crystal panel on the backlight unit side; a transparent protective panel is disposed on the non-facing side of the liquid crystal panel; and a transparent organic medium layer is disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; The transparent organic medium layer has a frame material at four end portions thereof, and the four sides of the frame material-14-200915249 use a non-porous member or a closed-cell type porous member at the same time, and at least one side has at least one gap, and the protection is provided. A polarizing plate is attached to the side of the transparent organic medium layer of the panel. (22) The liquid crystal display device of the above (21), wherein the one or more gaps are located at the ends of the sides. (23) The liquid crystal display device according to (21) or (22), wherein a driving 1C driver is coupled to a side other than a side of a frame member having one or more gaps. (24) The liquid crystal display device of any one of (19) to (23), wherein the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are located in a casing, and the protective panel and the polarized light are The surface of the board is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer. (25) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (19) to (23) wherein, in the liquid crystal display device, the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are located in a casing, and the protective panel and the polarizing plate are interposed. The transparent organic medium layer is bonded to the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel has a larger area than the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel is combined with the outer casing. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above-mentioned (12), wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates have a dielectric layer of the transparent organic material. The protective panel is located in a housing. (27) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (12) to (19), wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are located in a liquid crystal display device. In the outer casing, the protective panel of the above-mentioned -15-200915249 is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer, wherein the protective panel has a larger area than the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel is combined with the outer casing and the liquid crystal The panel and the two polarizing plates are held by a transparent organic medium layer. (A) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above (10), wherein the rubber hardness of the non-porous member is measured by a Durometer A hardness meter to be 〇30. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above aspects, wherein the non-porous member contains particles having the same diameter as the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer. (3) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above-mentioned (1), wherein the rubber hardness of the closed-cell type porous member is 30 or less as measured by a D u r 〇 m e t e r A hardness meter. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above-mentioned (10), wherein the liquid crystal panel driving 1C driver is disposed closest to the ground when the liquid crystal panel is erected And on either side of the side perpendicular to the side. (32) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of (1), wherein the transparent organic medium layer has a thickness of G.1 to 10 mm. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above (10), wherein the rubber hardness of the transparent organic medium layer is 30 or less as measured by a Durometer A hardness meter. The liquid crystal display device of any one of the above-mentioned (1) to (3), wherein the refractive index of the constituent member of the transparent organic medium layer is -16, 2009, 249, 249, and the refractive index of the protective panel is set to (3) When n〇, its refractive index conforms to the following formula: n〇-〇.2 <n <n〇 + 0.2. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above (1), wherein the transparent organic medium layer contains a compound which absorbs in the visible light region. (3) The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above (10), wherein the protective panel has an antireflection film or an antiglare film on a side of the transparent organic medium layer. (37) The liquid crystal display device according to the above (36), wherein the antireflection film or the antiglare film is formed of cerium oxide microparticles and a hydrazine compound having a hydrolyzable group, and the antireflection film has a void therein. (3) The liquid crystal display device according to (3), wherein the antireflection film has a layer formed of a compound containing a fluoropolyether chain or a fluoroalkyl chain. [Effect of the Invention] According to the method for manufacturing an image display device of the present invention, an image having excellent visibility can be easily produced without entraining bubbles in the transparent organic medium between the image display panel and the protective panel. Display device. By surrounding the outer peripheral portion of the frame material having a large number of voids, the necessary pressure reduction is not necessary due to the capillary phenomenon, and it is possible to rapidly move the liquid toward the outer peripheral portion. Accordingly, the bubbles trapped in the transparent organic medium are short. During the time, it moves toward the outer periphery, but can be eliminated from the identification part and can be ejected to the gap of the frame material. In addition, the problem of resin bleed (the odor caused by resin bleed, -17-200915249 frame contamination, tackiness or bleed out of resin grease. For example, it is necessary to wipe the leaching liquid resin every time, etc.) eliminate. Since the identification portion, particularly inside the frame material, has no residual air bubbles, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of peeling and expansion of the bubble portion which starts to occur. This effect can improve the long-term dependence of the high-temperature cylinder under wet conditions (the effect of long-term non-peeling in an environmental test such as a temperature of 60 ° C and a humidity of 90%). The image display device obtained by this method is excellent in visibility, productivity, and reliability. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to suppress leakage of the transparent organic medium and to reduce bubbles (to suppress residual bubbles). Further, in the case where the frame material is combined with the continuous cell-shaped porous member, the protective panel can be attached to the liquid crystal panel without bubbles. [Embodiment] The method for manufacturing an image display device according to the present invention is characterized in that it is based on an image display panel and a protective panel provided on the identification side of the image display panel. A method of manufacturing an image display device having an air layer and closely arranging a transparent organic medium, the method comprising the steps of: providing an image display panel or a protective panel having a frame material having a plurality of voids through which air can pass a step of injecting a liquid transparent organic medium on the inner side surrounded by the frame material; a step of placing the image display panel or another panel in the protective panel on the frame material; and making the liquid transparent organic medium The step of curing. The image display device of the present invention is manufactured by the method for producing an image display -18 - 200915249 of the present invention and is filled with a transparent organic medium in the frame material. Hereinafter, the image display device and the method of manufacturing the same according to the first aspect of the present invention will be described in detail. The image display device of the present invention is a display device for an image display panel using a plasma display panel (PDP), a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic EL display (OLED), or a field emission display (FED). Further, in addition to the display device described above, the panel is also mounted on a panel displaying a still image such as a photograph or a picture. The image display device of the present invention is small in size from a small display of about 2 inches such as a liquid crystal display of a mobile phone to a large display of 32 inches or more, and can be applied regardless of the size. In particular, the present invention has an effect on a large-sized display which is more likely to cause a bubble entrapment of more than 32 inches. The bubble entrained in the transparent resin layer moves toward the outer peripheral portion in a short time, and can be eliminated from the identification portion. The image display device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 2 is a side view showing an example of a liquid crystal display device which is one of the image display devices of the present invention, and a frame member 210 is provided between the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207, and is divided therefrom. The space is filled with a transparent organic medium 2 1 1 and is disposed on the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. In the liquid crystal panel, a driver wafer for operating the transparent substrate (glass or the like) on which the liquid crystal panel is formed may be mounted, or a cable for connecting the driver chip and the output circuit may be provided. The liquid crystal panel is assembled and fixed to a personal computer such as a final product or a casing (casing) of a mobile phone, a television, etc., -19-200915249. In the present invention, the case where the liquid crystal panel is placed in the casing or the like in advance is also included in the image display panel. Although the backlight is necessary as a liquid crystal display device, it is not essential as an image (liquid crystal) display device or an image (liquid crystal) display panel of the present invention. As with a reflective liquid crystal device, backlighting may or may not be necessary. [Image display panel] The image display panel is a panel for displaying an image for use in the image display device, and the surface opposite to the protective panel is made of glass, plastic plate, plastic film or the like. The substrate may be a finished image display panel or an intermediate product. Further, the surface of the transparent substrate may be a surface treated person. The purpose of surface treatment is to improve anti-reflection, anti-static, hardness, abrasion resistance or lubricity, corrosion resistance or oxidation resistance, heat resistance, heat insulation, insulation, adhesion, decoration or aesthetics. . Actually, there are exemplified by vapor deposition, sputtering, hard coating, decane coupling agent, electroplating, etching, vapor phase etching, plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, ozone treatment, printing, and the like. The surface treatment includes attaching a surface-treated sheet-like substrate to a transparent substrate with an adhesive or the like. [Protective panel] In the present invention, the protective panel is intended to protect the outer surface of the display device and the image display device, and is required to have surface hardness or scratch resistance. In the liquid crystal display device, the phase difference of the birefringence of the protective panel is preferably 50 nm or less. In the liquid crystal display device, if the birefringence of the transparent identification portion is -20-200915249 5 0 nm or less, it will affect the excellent color tone of the image display panel. When the ultraviolet light transmittance of the protective panel is less than 1% at a wavelength of 3 to 65 nm, when the ultraviolet curable liquid material is cured to form a transparent organic medium, sufficient exposure is not obtained from the transparent identification portion (protection panel side) by ultraviolet irradiation. The amount of the odor is caused by insufficient hardening, so that when the ultraviolet ray is irradiated from the side of the transparent identification portion, the transmittance of the protective panel to the wavelength of 365 nm is preferably 1% or more. As an example of the material of the transparent identification portion used for the protective panel, glass or a transparent resin can be exemplified. These are preferably those in which the optical distortion is small. The transparent resin may, for example, be an ultraviolet ray such as an acrylic resin, an olefin resin, a cycloolefin resin, a fluororesin, a low birefringence polycarbonate resin, a low birefringence polyester resin or a fluorene resin. A resin member excellent in both permeability and low birefringence. In addition to the identification portion of the protective panel, there may be a frame called a black component. The function of the black component is to make the peripheral portion other than the identification portion black, and to hide the 1C driver or the connection portion. The protective panel also contains surface treated personnel. The purpose of surface treatment is to improve anti-reflection, anti-static, hardness, abrasion resistance or lubricity, corrosion resistance or oxidation resistance, heat resistance or thermal insulation, insulation, adhesion, decoration or aesthetics. . Actually, there are exemplified by vapor deposition, sputtering, hard coating, decane coupling agent, electroplating, etching, vapor phase etching, plasma treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, ozone treatment, printing, and the like. The surface treatment includes attaching the surface-treated sheet-like substrate to the protective panel with an adhesive or the like. -21 - 200915249 [Transparent organic medium] In the present invention, the transparent organic medium (transparent enamel) is a liquid transparent organic medium which is solidified. The thickness of the transparent organic medium can be freely selected depending on the specifications of the image display device, but the preferred range is exemplified by 0.1 to 10 mm. When the thickness is less than 0.1 mm, there is a tendency to easily absorb external stress, and if it exceeds 1 〇 mm, transparency and hue tend to decrease. As the transparent organic medium (after solidification) in the present invention, in order not to lower the brightness or contrast of the displayed image, the total light transmittance is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and still more preferably 80. Above %, the upper limit is usually about 92%. It may also contain pigments or dyes for the purpose of adjusting the color tone or controlling the transmission of ultraviolet rays. The liquid transparent organic medium is liquid in the condition of being attached to the image display panel or the protective panel, and is then curable. In the present invention, as the liquid transparent organic medium, specifically, a thermosetting monomer or a photocurable monomer, an oligomer thereof, or a polymer or a mixture of the oligomer and the monomer may be exemplified. a liquid material obtained by a thermal polymerization initiator or a photopolymerization initiator, a thermoplastic resin, a transparent inorganic film formed by a sol-gel method, etc. (in the sol-gel method, an inorganic or organic metal salt) The solution is used as a starting solution to form a colloidal solution (S ο 1 ) by hydrolyzing and condensing the solution, thereby forming a solid (Gel ) which loses fluidity by promoting the reaction. The method of ceramics). Among them, a liquid obtained by blending a photopolymerization initiator with a UV curable monomer or an oligomer thereof-22-200915249 or a mixture of a polymer and the monomer is exemplified. From the viewpoint of imparting an adhesive force to bond the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel, a resin composition such as a crosslinkable silicone rubber or a crosslinkable polyurethane elastomer is preferably used as the liquid transparent organic medium. Particularly, it is preferable to contain a methacrylic acid or an acrylic acid, another derivative of the ester compound (including an oligomer 'hereinafter referred to as an acrylic derivative), a polymer of an acrylic derivative or an acrylic derivative, and the polymer. In particular, it is preferable to contain acrylic acid and a derivative thereof (including an oligomer) from the viewpoint of photocuring in a short time, and specifically, it preferably contains an acrylic derivative polymer and has one or more molecules in the molecule. A compound of a polymerizable unsaturated bond. Examples of the acrylic derivative include acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, derivatives thereof and the like. In addition to acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, specifically, a compound having one or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule is exemplified by methyl methacrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid. Alkenyl methacrylate such as 2-ethylhexyl ester, isodecyl methacrylate, methyl propyl decanoic acid, methacrylic acid lauryl vinegar, methyl acrylate stearyl vinegar, etc.; Methyl ester, n-butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isophthalic acid, acrylic acid, etc. Acidic vinegar temple, methyl propylene, sulphuric acid, vinegar, glycerin, glycerol, glycerol, methacrylic acid, etc. Ethyl methacrylate, such as butoxyethyl acrylate; methyl methacrylate, etc.; N,N-di, acrylate, etc.; N,N-dimethylaminoethyl vinegar; Methylamine-23- 200915249 base ethyl ester and the like aminoalkyl acrylate; diethylene glycol ethyl ether methyl propyl acrylate, triethylene glycol butyl a methacrylic acid of a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether such as a methacrylate or a dimethacrylate methyl ether methacrylate; a diethylene glycol ethyl ether acrylate, a triethylene glycol butyl ether a acrylate of a polyalkylene glycol alkyl ether such as an acrylate of a propylene dipropylene glycol methyl ether; a polyalkylene glycol aryl ether of a methacrylate of a hexaethylene glycol phenyl ether a methacrylate of a polyalkylene glycol aryl ether such as an acrylate of hexaethylene glycol phenyl ether; a cyclohexyl methacrylate, a cyclohexyl acrylate, a dicyclopentyl methacrylate Ester ester, dicyclopentenyl acrylate, isobornyl methacrylate methoxylated fluorenyl trimethacrylate, isobornyl acrylate, methoxylated cyclodecyl trienyl acrylate, etc. a methacrylate or acrylate having an alicyclic group; a fluorinated alkyl methacrylate such as methyl hexadecanoyl decanoate; a fluorinated acrylate such as heptadecafluoro acrylate Alkyl ester; 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 3 hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, glyceryl methacrylate, glyceryl acrylate, etc. Methacrylate or acrylate; methacrylate or acrylate having carboxyl group such as acrylic acid or methacrylic acid; glycidyl methacrylate or acrylic acid such as glycidyl methacrylate or glycidyl acrylate Ester; acrylamide and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. The compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule may be used singly or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule can be used together with a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule of the above acrylic derivative. As such compounds, bisphenol A dimethacrylate, 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate, 1, 3-butanediol dimethacrylate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate are exemplified. Ester, glycerol dimethacrylate, neopentyl glycol dimethacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, polypropylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trishydroxyl Propane trimethacrylate, pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, tris(methacryloxyethyl)isocyanate, pentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetramethacrylate, dipentaerythritol Methacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentamethacrylate, bisphenol A diacrylate, 1,4-butanediol diacrylate, 1,3-butylene glycol diacrylate, diethylene glycol diacrylate, Diglyceride, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol diacrylate, tetraethylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, three (acryloyloxy B ) Iso urinary diisocyanate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate. In the acrylic derivative, as the compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule, a diacrylate compound of the alkoxylation product of bisphenol A represented by the formula (a), and an acrylonitrile thereof are exemplified. Compound substituted with methacryl fluorenyl group: -25- 200915249 [化i] CH-C-{〇-

ch2 〇-(R-〇)^-C—CH O CH,Ch2 〇-(R-〇)^-C—CH O CH,

IIII

O (其中，式中之R表示伸乙基或伸丙基，m及n各獨立表 示1〜20之整數）； 以通式（b )表示之雙酚A之表氯醇改性物與丙烯酸 之加成酯化物、其丙烯醯基替換成甲基丙烯醯基之化合 物：O (wherein R represents an ethyl or propyl group, and m and n each independently represent an integer of from 1 to 20); an epichlorohydrin modified with bisphenol A represented by the formula (b) and acrylic acid An addition esterate, a compound in which the acryloyl group is replaced with a methacrylinyl group:

o—c H2 c 2 Η Η CHC — CUOIn 20 Η (其中，式中m及η各獨立表示1〜10之整數）； 以通式（c )表示之磷酸之伸烷氧化物加成物之二丙 嫌酸酯化合物、其丙烯醯基替換成甲基丙烯醯基之化合 物： [化3] n oO—c H2 c 2 Η Η CHC — CUOIn 20 Η (wherein m and η each independently represent an integer from 1 to 10); and the alkoxide oxide adduct of phosphoric acid represented by the general formula (c) a compound of a propylene sulphate compound, which is substituted with a propylene fluorenyl group to a methacryl oxime group: [Chemical 3] no

CH2=CH-C-(〇-R)-〇—Ρ-0-fR-o)—c—ch=ch2 〇 m OH -26- 200915249 (其中’式中之R表示伸乙基或伸丙基，〇及n各獨立表 示1〜20之整數）； 以通式（d )表示之苯二甲酸之表氯醇改性物與丙烯 酸之加成醋化物、其丙烯醯基替換成甲基丙烯醯基之化合 物： [化4]CH2=CH-C-(〇-R)-〇-Ρ-0-fR-o)-c-ch=ch2 〇m OH -26- 200915249 (wherein R in the formula represents an ethyl or propyl group , 〇 and n each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20); an epichlorohydrin modified product of the phthalic acid represented by the general formula (d) and an acrylic acid addition acetate, and the acryl oxime thereof is replaced with a methacryl oxime Base compound: [Chemical 4]

Ο OH 〇 ^~〇-fCH2-CH-CH2-〇-)—C—CH=CH2 —o-(ch2—ch-ch2-o-)—C—CH：1 OH 〇 (d)Ο OH 〇 ^~〇-fCH2-CH-CH2-〇-)-C-CH=CH2 —o-(ch2—ch-ch2-o-)—C—CH:1 OH 〇 (d)

:CH 2 (其中，式中m及n各獨立表示1〜10之整數）； 以通式（e )表示之1，6-己二醇之表氯醇改性物與丙 烯酸之加成酯化物（1分子具有2個丙烯基者）、其丙烯 醯基替換成甲基丙烯醯基之化合物： [化5] ch2 OH OH ch2 CH-C—(-〇CH2CHCH2)^〇-(CH2)^_〇-fCH2CHCH2〇)^-C—CH (e ) 〇 m 0 (其中，式中m及n各獨丛表不1〜之整數）’ 以通式（f )表示之磷酸之伸院氧化物加成物之三丙 -27- 200915249 烯酸酯化合物、其丙烯醯基替換成甲基丙烯醯基之化合 物： [化6]:CH 2 (wherein m and n each independently represent an integer of from 1 to 10); an addition esterification of an epichlorohydrin modified product of 1,6-hexanediol represented by the general formula (e) with acrylic acid (1 molecule having 2 propylene groups), a compound in which the acryl fluorenyl group is replaced with a methacryl oxime group: [Chemical 5] ch2 OH OH ch2 CH-C-(-〇CH2CHCH2)^〇-(CH2)^_ 〇-fCH2CHCH2〇)^-C—CH (e ) 〇m 0 (wherein, m and n in the formula are not integers of 1~), and the compound of the phosphoric acid represented by the formula (f) is added Compound 3C-27-200915249 Oxate compound, a compound in which the acryloyl group is substituted with a methacrylinyl group: [Chem. 6]

o-(r—o^c—ch==ch2 ο (其中，式中之R表示伸乙基或伸丙基，3個m各獨立表 示1〜20之整數）； 以通式（g)表示之三羥甲基丙烷之伸烷氧化物加成 物之三丙烯酸酯化合物、其丙烯醯基替換成甲基丙烯酿基 之化合物： [化7] ch2-〇-^R-〇4—c (=0) -ch=ch2 I m CH3CH2C-CH2 — 04R-0·)—c (=0) — CH=CH? (g) I m, CH〇-〇 -(-R-O-)—C (=0) -CH = CH〇 — If “ (其中，式中之R表示伸乙基或伸丙基，m、m’及m”各獨 立表示1〜20之整數）。該等單體可單獨使用或組合兩種 以上使用。 本發明中，作爲分子內具有2個以上聚合性不飽和鍵 之化合物，可使用高分子量交聯劑。 作爲高分子量交聯劑有如下者。 -28- 200915249 (a )二醇之二（甲基）丙稀酸酯’例如使聚 醇、聚丙二醇、聚丁二醇等之聚伸烷二醇與丙烯酸或 丙烯酸反應而得者。 (b )環氧樹脂之二（曱基）丙烯酸酯’例如使 二醇、聚丙二醇、聚丁二醇等之聚伸烷二醇之二縮水 醚等之分子內具有2個環氧基之環氧樹脂與丙烯酸或 丙烯酸反應而得者。 (c) 兩末端爲羥基之聚酯之二（甲基）丙烯酸 詳言之，使飽和酸與多元醇反應而製造聚酯聚醇。作 和酸，有壬二酸、己二酸、癸二酸等之脂肪族二羧酸 元醇有乙二醇、丙二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、丁二 聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇等。藉由使此種聚酯聚醇與丙烯 甲基丙烯酸反應可獲得聚酯之二（甲基）丙烯酸酯。 (d) 聚胺基甲酸酯之二（甲基）丙烯酸酯； 之，聚胺基甲酸酯係使多元醇化合物與多元異氰酸酯 物反應而獲得。作爲多元醇，有丙二醇、四亞甲基二O-(r-o^c-ch==ch2 ο (wherein, R represents an extended ethyl group or a propyl group, and 3 m each independently represents an integer of 1 to 20); represented by the formula (g) a triacrylate compound of an alkylene oxide adduct of trimethylolpropane, a compound in which an acryloyl group is replaced with a methacrylic acid group: [Chemical 7] ch2-〇-^R-〇4-c ( =0) -ch=ch2 I m CH3CH2C-CH2 — 04R-0·)—c (=0) — CH=CH? (g) I m, CH〇-〇-(-RO-)—C (=0 ) -CH = CH〇 - If " (wherein R represents an ethyl group or a propyl group, and m, m' and m each independently represent an integer of 1 to 20). These monomers may be used singly or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, a high molecular weight crosslinking agent can be used as the compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule. The high molecular weight crosslinking agent is as follows. -28- 200915249 (a) Di(meth)acrylic acid ester of diol For example, a polyalkylene glycol such as polyhydric alcohol, polypropylene glycol or polytetramethylene glycol is reacted with acrylic acid or acrylic acid. (b) an epoxy resin bis(indenyl) acrylate, for example, a ring having two epoxy groups in a molecule such as a diglycidyl ether of a polyalkylene glycol such as a diol, a polypropylene glycol or a polybutylene glycol. Oxygen resin is obtained by reacting with acrylic acid or acrylic acid. (c) Di(meth)acrylic acid having a hydroxyl group at both ends. In detail, a saturated acid is reacted with a polyol to produce a polyester polyol. As the acid, there are aliphatic dicarboxylic acid alcohols such as azelaic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, etc., such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, butyl diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, etc. . The polyester di(meth)acrylate can be obtained by reacting such a polyester polyol with propylene methacrylic acid. (d) a bis(meth) acrylate of a polyurethane; wherein the urethane is obtained by reacting a polyol compound with a polyvalent isocyanate. As a polyol, there are propylene glycol and tetramethylene

1.4 -丁二醇、1，5-戊二醇、1,6 -己二醇、新戊二醇、1: 己基二甲醇、2-甲基-1,8-辛二醇、1,9-壬二醇、3-E 1.5 -戊二醇、聚-1，2 -丁二醇、聚丙二醇、聚四亞甲 醇、乙二醇-丙二醇•嵌段共聚物、乙二醇-四亞甲基 共聚物、甲基戊二醇改性聚四亞甲基二醇、丙二醇改 聚四亞甲基二醇、雙酚A之環氧丙烷加成物、氫化雙 之環氧丙烷加成物、雙酚F之環氧丙烷加成物、氫化 F之環氧丙烷加成物等；多元異氰酸酯有甲苯二異 甲基 聚乙 甘油 甲基 酯； 爲飽 ;多 醇、 酸或 詳言 化合 醇、 ,4-環 [3基_ 基二 二醇 性之 酚A 雙酚 氰酸 -29- 200915249 酯、二甲苯二異氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯、六 基二異氰酸酯、三甲基六亞甲基二異氰酸酯、四甲基 苯二異氰酸酯、異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯、氫化之甲苯二 酸酯、氫化之二甲苯二異氰酸酯、氫化之二苯基甲烷 氰酸酯、降冰片基二異氰酸酯等之二異氰酸酯，進而 述二異氰酸酯之聚合物或二異氰酸酯之脲改性體、縮 改性體等。 此等聚胺基甲酸酯中以多元醇過量反應所得之末 有羥基之化合物藉由與丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸反應可獲 胺基甲酸酯之二（甲基）丙烯酸酯。 (e )聚胺基甲酸酯與具有羥基及反應性雙鍵之 物反應所得之化合物；詳言之，成爲聚胺基甲酸酯之 之多元醇與多元異氰酸酯化合物與前述相同。 此等聚胺基甲酸酯中以多元異氰酸酯過量反應所 末端具有異氰酸酯基之化合物藉由與具有羥基及反應 鍵之化合物反應可製成末端具有反應性雙鍵之聚胺基 酯。 至於具有羥基及反應性雙鍵之化合物，有丙烯酸 基乙酯、丙烯酸2-羥基丙酯、丙烯酸3-羥基丙酯、丙 4-羥基丁酯、單丙烯酸聚乙二醇酯、單丙烯酸聚丙 酯、乙二醇-丙二醇•嵌段共聚物單丙烯酸酯、乙二g 亞甲基二醇共聚物單丙烯酸酯、己內酯改性之單丙烯 (商品名Blackcel FA系列，Diacell化學公司製）、 四醇三丙烯酸酯等之丙烯酸衍生物；甲基丙烯酸2-羥 亞甲 二甲 異氰 二異 有上 二脲 端具 得聚 化合 原料 得之 性雙 甲酸 2-羥 烯酸 二醇 享-四 酸酯 季戊 基乙 -30- 200915249 酯、甲基丙烯酸2_羥基丙酯、甲基丙烯酸3 -經基丙酯、甲 基丙嫌酸4-經基丁酯、單甲基丙烯酸聚乙一醇酯、單甲基 丙烯酸聚丙二醇酯、乙二醇-丙二醇•嵌段共聚物單甲基丙 烯酸酯、乙二醇-四亞甲基二醇共聚物單甲基丙烯酸酯、 己內酯改性之單甲基丙烯酸酯（商品名 Blackcel FM系 列，Diacell化學公司製）、季戊四醇三甲基丙烯酸酯等 之甲基丙烯酸衍生物。 由硬化物之強韌度觀點觀之，作爲高分子量交聯劑， 較好爲聚胺基甲酸酯之二（甲基）丙烯酸酯、末端具反應 性雙鍵之聚胺基甲酸酯（尤其是反應性雙鍵係基於（甲 基）丙烯醯基者）。再者’該等中，更好聚胺基甲酸酯的 二醇成分係由聚丙二醇所構成者’尤其較好使用二醇成分 爲聚丙二醇、二異氰酸酯成分爲異佛爾酮二異氰酸酯之聚 胺基甲酸酯者。 聚合物與高分子量交聯劑之相容性低時，高分子量交 聯劑的量較多則硬化物會變白濁，但藉由於高分子量交聯 劑之原料中使用伸烷二醇，可提高與聚合物之相容性，而 不受高分子量交聯劑的量影響仍可保有透明性。又，藉由 使用高分子量交聯劑，即使於使用較多量時亦可防止硬化 物變脆及黏著力變得過低。藉此，可增加交聯劑之使用 量，並可抑制因調配時的誤差所引起的硬化物特性變化。 高分子量交聯劑之合成方法可使用塊狀聚合、溶液聚 合、懸浮聚合及乳化聚合等已知之聚合方法。 該等高分子量交聯劑可單獨使用或組合兩種以上使 -31 - 200915249 用。 本發明中，作爲反應性化合物，除上述丙烯酸系衍生 物以外，可使用丙烯腈、苯乙烯、乙酸乙烯酯、乙烯、丙 烯等分子內具有1個聚合性不飽合鍵之化合物。另外，上 述之除丙烯酸系衍生物以外之化合物，亦可使用分子內具 有2個以上聚合性不飽合鍵之化合物（二乙烯基苯等）。 上述中’爲了獲得本發明之效果，所所用之反應性化 合物總量之中’丙烯酸系衍生物以外之化合物用量較好爲 90重量％以下，更好爲50重量％以下，尤其最好爲〇〜20 重量％。 又’分子內具有兩個以上聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物之 用量相對於所用反應性化合物之總量，較好爲0.01〜70 重量％，更好爲0 · 1〜5 0重量％，若使用超過7 0重量％， 會有在衝擊下透明樹脂層容易破裂之傾向。 另外，分子內具有兩個以上聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物 除去上述高分子量交聯劑以外者（特別是單體、低分子量 寡聚物）之用量，相對於所用反應性化合物之總量，較好 爲 0.01〜10重量％，更好爲0.1〜5重量％，若使用超過 1 〇重量％，會有在衝擊下透明樹脂層容易破裂之傾向。 本發明之丙烯酸系衍生物聚合物係在丙烯酸衍生物中 使分子內具有1個聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物聚合而獲得 者’亦可倂用分子內具有2個以上聚合性不飽和鍵之化合 物。其重量平均分子量（以凝膠滲透層析儀使用標準苯乙 烯之校正線測定者）較好爲 1 0 0,0 0 0〜7 0 0,0 0 0，更好爲 -32- 200915249 1 5 0,000 〜400,000，且又更好爲 200,000 〜3 5 0,〇〇〇。 丙烯酸系衍生物聚合物亦可爲倂用丙烯酸系衍生物以 外之化合物聚合所得之聚合物。 上述反應性化合物之聚合方法可使用溶液聚合、乳化 聚合及塊狀聚合等已知之聚合方法。 上述反應性化合物之聚合中’可使用光聚合起始劑及 熱聚合起始劑之任一種作爲聚合起始劑，亦可併用。另 外，於藉由電子線照射聚合之情況等，亦可使用聚合起始 劑。亦即，硬化反應可藉由活性能量線照射之硬化反應、 藉由熱之硬化反應或者倂用該等而進行。所謂活性能量線 述及有紫外線、電子線、α線、β線、γ線等。 該等方法亦可利用於上述丙烯酸系衍生物聚合物之合 成。 至於光聚合起始劑，可爲選自二苯甲酮系、蒽醌系、 苯偶因系、鏑鹽、重氮鐵鹽、鎗鹽等習知之材料。此等對 紫外線尤其具有敏感度。 上述之光聚合起始劑，更具體可舉例有二苯甲酿， Ν，Ν’-四甲基- 4,4’-二胺基二苯甲酮（Michler’s 銅）、n，N_ 四乙基-4，4’-二胺基二苯甲酮、4 -甲氧基_4’ -二甲基胺基二 苯甲酮、α-羥基苯異丁基酮、2-乙基蒽醌、第三丁基恵 醌、1,4-二甲基蒽醌、1-氯蒽醌、2,3-二氯蒽醌、3_氯_2_ 甲基蒽醌、1，2 -苯并蒽醌、2 -苯基蒽醌、1，4 -萘酿、9 , ；( 〇 _ 菲醌、噻噸酮、2_氯噻噸酮、1-羥基環己基苯基酮、2,2_ 二甲氧基-1,2 -二苯基乙-1-酮、2 -淫基-2-甲基苯基丙.卜 -33- 200915249 酮等之芳香族酮類化合物，苯偶因、甲基苯偶因、乙基苯 偶因等之苯偶因化合物，苯偶因甲基醚、苯偶因乙基醚、 苯偶因異丁基醚、苯偶因苯基醚等之苯偶因醚化合物，苄 基、2,2-二乙氧基苯乙酮、苄基二甲基酮、β-(吖啶-9-基）丙烯酸之酯化合物、9-苯基吖啶、9-吡啶基吖啶、 1,7-二吖啶基庚烷等之吖啶化合物，2-(鄰-氯苯基）-4,5-二苯基咪唑二聚物、2-(鄰-氯苯基）-4,5-二（間-甲氧基 苯基）咪唑二聚物、2-(鄰-氟苯基）_4,5 -二苯基咪唑二 聚物、2-(鄰-甲氧基苯基）-4,5 -二苯基咪唑二聚物、2-(對-甲氧基苯基）-4,5-二苯基咪唑二聚物、2,4-二（對-甲氧基苯基）-5-苯基咪唑二聚物、2- (2,4-二甲氧基苯 基）-4,5 -二苯基咪唑二聚物、2-(對-甲基锍基苯基）-4,5 -二苯基咪唑二聚物等之 2,4,5 -三芳基咪嗖二聚物，2-苄基-2-二甲胺基-1-( 4-嗎啉基苯基）-1-丁酮、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲基硫基）苯基]-2-嗎啉基-1-丙烷、雙（2,4,6-三甲 基苯甲醯基）-苯基膦氧化物、寡聚（2-羥基-2-甲基-1-(4-(1-甲基乙烯基）苯基）丙酮）等。另外，尤其是不 會引起樹脂組成物著色者較好爲1 -羥基環己基苯基酮、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基-丙烷-1-酮' 1-[4-(2-羥基乙氧基）-苯基]-2-羥基-2-甲基-1-丙-1-酮等之α-羥基苯烷酮系化合 物、雙（2,4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基）-苯基膦氧化物、雙 (2,6-二甲氧基苯甲醯基）-2,4,4-三甲基-戊基膦氧化物、 2,4,6_三甲基苯甲醯基-二苯基膦氧化物等之醯基膦氧化物 系化合物’募聚（2 -經基-2-曱基-1-( 4- (1_甲基乙燒基） -34- 200915249 苯基）丙酮）及組合該等者。又，爲製備特別厚之片材’ 較好使用含有雙（2,4,6 -三甲基苯甲醯基）-苯基膦氧化 物、雙（2,6 -二甲氧基苯甲醢基）·2,4,4-三甲基-戊基膦氧 化物、2，4,6-三甲基苯甲醯基-二苯基膦氧化物等之醯基膦 氧化物系化合物之光聚合起始劑。另外，爲了減少片材之 臭味，較好爲寡聚（2 -羥基-2 -甲基-1- ( 4- ( 1-甲基乙烯 基）苯基）丙酮）。該等光聚合起始劑亦可組合複數種使 用。 熱聚合起始劑爲藉由熱產生游離基之起始劑，具體而 言列舉爲過氧化苯甲醯、第三丁基過苯甲酸酯、枯烯過氧 化氫、過氧二碳酸二異丙基酯、過氧基二碳酸二正丙基 酯、過氧二碳酸二（2-乙氧基乙基）酯、過氧新癸酸第三 丁基酯、過氧戊酸第三丁基酯、（3,5,5 -三甲基己醯基） 過氧化物、二丙醯基過氧化物、二乙醯基過氧化物般之有 機過氧化物。又，列舉有2,2’-偶氮雙異丁腈、2,2，-偶氮 雙（2-甲基丁腈）、1，1’-偶氮雙（環己烷-1-羰基）、 2,2’-偶氮雙（2,4-二甲基戊腈）、2,2’-偶氮雙（2,4-二甲 基-4-甲氧基戊腈）、2,2’-偶氮雙（2_甲基丙酸）二甲酯、 4,4’-偶氮雙（4 -氰基戊酸）、2,2’-偶氮雙（2 -羥基甲基丙 腈）、2,2’-偶氮雙[2- ( 2-咪唑啉-2-基）丙烷]般之偶氮系 化合物。 本發明中之液狀透明有機介質以及使用該等之固化透 明有機介質之可見光穿透率較好爲80%以上。 至於本發明中之液狀透明有機介質較好爲含有下列成 -35- 200915249 分之樹脂組成物： 丙烯酸系衍生物聚合物 1 〇〜8 0重量份 丙嫌酸系衍生物（其中分子內具有一個聚合性不飽和 鍵之化合物） 15〜89.49重量份 以及 丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內具有2個聚合性不飽和 鍵之化合物）或高分子交聯劑 0 · 5〜5 0重量份 進而’可調配聚合起始劑〇 . 〇 1〜5重量份，較好使與 上述成分之總量成爲1 〇 〇重量份而使用。 此處，各成分可使用如上述說明者。 本發明中之聚合起始劑可使用光聚合起始劑或熱聚合 起始劑。上述調配中’使用光聚合起始劑作爲聚合起始劑 時，其用量較好爲0 · 1〜5重量份，使用熱聚合起始劑作 爲聚合起始劑時’其用量較好爲〇.〇〗〜1重量份，光聚合 起始劑與熱聚合起始劑併用時，較好個別在該等量之範圍 內使用。 本發明中之液狀透明有機物介質較好爲含有下列者： 15〜60重量份之丙烯酸系衍生物聚合物，較好3〇〜 60重量份，更好40〜60重量份， 39〜84 _ 99重量份之丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內含 有1個聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物），較好39〜69重量 份，更好3 9〜5 9重量份， 及 〇 _ 5〜5 0重量份之丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內含有 -36- 200915249 2個以上之聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物）或高分子量交聯 劑，較好1〜4 0重量份。 進而，可含有聚合起始劑，其用量較好爲0.01〜5重 量份，進而較好o.o1〜3重量份，尤其是〇·5〜2重量份 (光聚合起始劑較好爲0·1〜5重量份，更好爲0.3〜3重 量份，最好爲0.5〜2重量份，熱聚合起始劑較好爲0.01 〜1重量份，更好爲0.01〜0.5重量份，光聚合起始劑與 熱聚合起始劑倂用時，較好分別在其範圍中使用）’上述 成分較好以總量成爲1 〇 〇重量份之方式使用。 作爲上述丙烯酸系衍生物聚合物，最好爲下列說明之 丙烯酸系衍生物共聚物。 該共聚物爲使50〜87重量％ (較好，60〜70重量％ ) 之烷基碳數爲4〜18之丙烯酸烷酯（以下稱爲ΑΑ單體） 與13〜50重量％ (較好，30〜40重量％ )之以下列通式 (I)表示之含有羥基之丙烯酸酯（以下稱之爲ΗΑ單體） 聚合而得者： [化8] CH2 = CHCOO(CmH2mO)nH (I) (但’式中m爲2、3或4，η爲1〜10之整數）。 至於上述之分子內具有1個聚合性不飽和鍵之化合 物’較好爲分子內具有1個丙烯醯基之化合物，又該化合 物較好以A Α單體比例成爲5 0〜8 7重量％ (最好，6 0〜7 0 -37- 200915249 重量％ )及HA單體比例成爲13〜50重量％ (特別是30〜 40重量％)之方式使用。 又，上述共聚物中之HA單體比例（P重量％ )與分 子內具有1個丙烯醯基之化合物中之HA單體之比例（μ 重量％)之間最好調配爲符合下列關係， -8 芸（p-Μ) S 8 當（P-Μ )未滿足上述式時，硬化時本發明之衝擊吸 收材料易變白濁。上述共聚物及具有1個丙烯醯基之單體 中’當AA單體（以及HA單體）爲上述比例時，通常滿 足該條件。 作爲上述之AA單體，可舉例有丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯 酸正戊酯、丙烯酸正己酯、丙烯酸正辛酯、丙烯酸異辛 酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸十二烷酯、丙烯酸硬脂基 酯’較好爲丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸異辛酯、丙烯酸2-乙基 己酯、丙烯酸正辛酯，最好爲丙烯酸乙基己酯。又該等丙 烯酸酯亦可組合兩種以上使用。 上述之HA單體可舉例有丙烯酸2-羥基乙酯、丙烯酸 1-羥基乙酯、丙烯酸2-羥基丙酯、丙烯酸3-羥基丙酯、丙 烯酸1 -羥基丙酯、丙烯酸4 -羥基丁酯、丙烯酸3 -羥基丁 酯、丙烯酸2-羥基丁酯、丙烯酸1-羥基丁酯等之含有羥基 之丙烯酸酯；二乙二醇或三乙二醇等聚乙二醇單丙烯酸 酯、二丙二醇或三丙二醇等聚丙二醇單丙烯酸酯、二丁二 -38- 200915249 醇或三丁二醇等聚丁二醇單丙烯酸酯等，較佳者爲丙烯酸 2-羥基乙酯、丙烯酸1-羥基乙酯、丙烯酸2-羥基丙酯、丙 烯酸3 -羥基丙酯' 丙烯酸1-羥基丙酯、丙烯酸4 -羥基丁 酯、丙烯酸3 -羥基丁酯、丙烯酸2 -羥基丁酯、丙烯酸1-羥基丁酯，最好爲丙烯酸2 -羥基乙酯。另外，該等丙烯酸 酯亦可組合兩種以上使用。 本發明中之AA單體與HA單體聚合所得之共聚物其 重量平均分子量（以凝膠滲透層析儀，使用標準聚苯乙烯 之校正線測定者，以下亦同）較好爲1 0 0,0 0 0〜7 0 0,0 0 0 者，更好爲 150,000〜400,000，最好爲 200,000〜 350,000 。 至於共聚物之合成方法，可使用溶液聚合、懸浮聚 合、乳化聚合及塊狀聚合等已知之聚合方法，但較好爲溶 液聚合或塊狀聚合。至於聚合起始劑，可使用藉由熱產生 游離基之化合物，具體而言，舉例爲過氧化苯甲醯、第三 丁基過苯甲酸酯、枯烯過氧化物' 過氧二碳酸二異丙基 酯、過氧二碳酸二正丙基酯、過氧二碳酸二（2_乙氧基乙 基）酯、過氧新癸酸第三丁基酯、過氧戊酸第三丁基酯、 (3,5,5 -三甲基己醯基）過氧化物、二丙醯基過氧化物、 二乙醯基過氧化物、二-十二烷基過氧化物般之有機過氧 化物，或2,2’-偶氮雙異丁腈、2,2’-偶氮雙（2-甲基丁 腈）、：1,1’-偶氮雙（環己烷-1-羰基）、2,2’-偶氮雙（2,4-二甲基戊腈）、2,2’-偶氮雙（2,4-二甲基-4-甲氧基戊 腈）、2,2’-偶氮雙（2 -甲基丙酸）二甲酯、4,4’-偶氮雙 -39- 200915249 (4 -氰基戊酸）、2,2，-偶氮雙（2 -羥基甲基丙腈）、2,2，-偶氮雙[2- ( 2-咪唑啉-2_基）丙烷]般之偶氮系化合物。 上述丙烯酸系衍生物聚合物或丙烯酸系衍生物共聚物 可使用於改善機械特性而較好。另外，藉由使用上述共聚 物而可抑制硬化收縮。 丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內含有1個聚合性不飽和 鍵之化合物或分子內具有1個丙烯醯基之化合物）可用於 調整組成物之黏度。就得以維持組成物之硬化物形狀方面 而言’較好使用丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內具有2個以 上聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物或分子內具有2個以上丙烯醯 基之化合物）。 另外’丙烯酸系衍生物共聚物及上述分子內含有1個 丙烯醯基之化合物中’若AA單體過多從而HA單體過少 時’吸濕時硬化物容易變成白濁，相反的，若HA單體過 多從而AA單體過少時’吸濕時容易使本發明相關之衝擊 吸收材料之硬化物變形。 右聚合起始劑過少時使反應無法充分進行，相反地若 過多時會殘存大量聚合起始劑，會發生光學特性或機械特 性之問題。再者’以電子線照射使該等組成物硬化之情況 下’亦可使用光聚合起始劑。 上述之丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內含有2個以上聚 合性不飽和鍵之化合物）亦較好爲具有2個以上丙烯醯基 作爲聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物。 至於分子內具有2個以上丙烯醯基之化合物可舉例有 -40- 200915249 雙酚A二丙烯酸酯、i，4-丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、丨，6_己二醇 二丙烯酸酯、1，9-壬二醇二丙烯酸酯、丨，3_ 丁二醇二丙烯 酸酯、一乙一醇一丙烯酸酯、三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、丙三 醇一丙烯酸酯、新戊二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸 酯' 聚丙一醇一丙烯酸酯、聚丁二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羥甲 基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯、三（丙烯酸氧 基乙基）異脲氰酸酯、季戊四醇四丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇 四丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇六丙烯酸酯、二季戊四醇五丙烯 酸酯等丙烯酸酯單體’環氧丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯、胺 基甲酸酯丙烯酸酯、丙烯基丙烯酸酯等之丙烯酸寡聚物， 較好爲1，6 -己一醇二丙嫌酸酯、1,9 -壬二醇二丙烯酸酯、 三丙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚丙二醇二 丙稀酸酯等二丙烯酸酯。亦可自其他上述分子內具有2個 聚合性不飽和鍵之化合物中適當選擇具有2個以上丙烯醯 基者。 上述高分子量交聯劑亦較好具有丙烯醯基作爲聚合性 不飽和鍵。 本發明中之液狀透明有機介質尤其好的是含有： 上述丙烯酸系衍生物共聚物 15〜60重量份 丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內具有1個丙烯醯基之化 合物） 39〜84.2重量份 丙烯酸系衍生物（其中分子內具有2個以上丙烯醯基 之化合物）或高分子量交聯劑 ο]〜重量份 及 -41 - 200915249 光聚合起始劑 0 · 3〜3重量份 且上述共聚物係由50〜87重量％ (特別是60〜70重 量％)之AA單體與13〜50重量％(特別是30〜40重量 % )之HA單體聚合而得者；且 上述分子內具有1個丙烯醯基之化合物’係以使AA 單體比例成爲5 0〜8 7重量％ (特別是60〜70重量％ )及 Η A單體比例成爲1 3〜5 0重量％ (特別是3 0〜4 0重量％ ) 之方式而使用； 上述共聚物中之HA單體比例（P重量％ )與分子內 具有1個丙烯醯基之化合物中之HA單體比例（M重量 % )間最好調配爲具有下列關係， -8 S (P-M) S 8。 此處之光聚合起始劑可使用上述者。光聚合起始劑之 用量更好爲0.5〜2重量份。又，依據需要，亦可含有熱 聚合起始劑。上述調配中，熱聚合起始劑較好以0重量份 或1重量份以下之範圍內，更好以〇重量份或0 · 5重量份 以下之範圍內使用。上述高分子交聯劑較好具有丙烯醯基 作爲聚合性不飽和鍵。 本發明中，液狀透明有機介質較好不含非反應性溶 劑。若液狀透明有機介質含有非反應性溶劑，則在保護面 板與液晶面板間介以透明有機介質密著後，有必要藉加溫 加壓、減壓除氣、乾燥等之後處理去除。若未去除則密著 性降低，而損及長期信賴性。 本發明中，較好在液狀透明有機介質中加入具有消泡 -42- 200915249 效果之添加劑。又，亦可加入控制與液晶面板表 面板表面之濡濕性之界面活性劑。又，亦可加入 的可塑劑。該等添加劑之用量只要爲不損及液晶 護面板間密著配置有透明有機物介質之圖像顯示 顯示性能、信賴度等缺點之範圍，則無特別限制 本發明之保護面板或透明有機物介質，就防 熱安定性、成形性及加工性等之觀點而言，亦 系、膦系、硫醚系等抗氧化劑；脂肪族醇、脂肪 酸酯、三酸甘油酯類、氟系界面活性劑、高級脂 鹽等離型劑；其他滑動劑、可塑劑、抗靜電劑、 收劑、難燃劑、重金屬不活化劑、氧化鋁、氧化 鎂、滑石、酞酸鋇、硫酸鋇等微粒狀塡充劑， (Victoria Pure Blue)等之染料、酞青綠等顏料 而使用。 該等液狀透明有機物介質可密著配置在圖像 板與保護面板之間，經固化步驟後可形成透明 質。 [框材] 框材可使用形成具有例如合於顯示器顯示部 邊緣之大小、形狀、且對應於顯兩用面板與保護 隔之厚度者，或者使用形成片狀並穿孔加工或切 框狀等而成爲框狀者，將切細加工成所需寬度之 狀者以吻合緣邊長度設置即可使用。亦伴隨有 面或保護 揮發性小 面板與保 用面板之 Ο 止劣化、 可添加酚 酸酯、酞 肪酸金屬 紫外線吸 砂、氧化 鹼性艷藍 之調色劑 顯示用面 有機物介 分之外側 面板之間 削加工成 帶或條帶 變形之框 -43- 200915249 材，若於最終製品中，可固定於所需厚度者 用。 所需厚度表示保護面板與圖像顯示面板之 厚度。例如，亦可以橡膠狀 '海綿狀多孔性體 氣泡者）使用。可使用液狀透明樹脂染浸於多 固化或硬化而使形狀固定所得者。但，於變形 述之空隙率（R% )爲變形•壓縮後之空隙率。 板本身之重量或框體（外殻），估計之變形、 率而決定液狀透明有機物介質之量。依據情況 厚度，框材可另外使用不會伴隨著變形之構件 隔離物。又，即使未成形爲片狀，亦可將粉狀 材料調配成例如黏性高之糊狀或油墨狀，使用 印法等方法，設置於邊緣（經塗佈、乾燥）而 用。 至於材料，可使用具有可使空氣通過之多 該空隙較好分布於全體中。至於本發明之框材 之吸收量良好，其空隙率有必要爲2 0〜9 8 %。 爲40〜95%，最好爲50〜95%。於空隙率未滿 脂之吸收能力降低，超過98 %時，框材易破裂i 藉由以具有多數空隙者作爲框材而包圍外 毛細管現象，則無減壓之必要，可使得液體迅 移動，伴隨於此，透明樹脂層中夾帶之氣泡可 朝外周部移動，而從辨識部消失。 惟，空隙率謂爲框材所佔之外形體積中框 ，則亦可使 空隙吻合之 (具有連續 孔性體，經 之情況，後 依據保護面 厚度或空隙 ，爲了固定 ，亦可設置 或液狀吸油 印刷法或轉 作爲框材使 數空隙者。 ，爲使樹脂 更好空隙率 2 0 %時，樹 1Ϊ不實用。 周部，藉由 速朝外周部 在短時間內 材材料（樹 -44- 200915249 脂、纖維等）以外之部分，亦即於一般乾燥狀態下，空氣 部分的比例。空隙意指構成多孔質體之微細構造（孔穴） 之情況時，作爲測量其等之裝置，可使用細孔分布測定裝 置。計測細孔徑之裝置可大致區分爲水銀壓入式測孔儀及 氣體吸附測定裝置之兩種類，水銀壓入式測孔儀係將樣品 浸於水銀中，自周圍加壓，利用水銀順著大的孔穴浸入之 性質而測定。另一方面，氣體吸附測定，則是使在真空容 器中之樣品連同容器以液狀氮冷卻而注入以之量之氮氣氣 體’引起氮氣氣體物理性吸附在樣品表面上而形成分子 層’利用其很快順著小孔穴依次凝集之性質而測定細孔分 布。（九善股份有限公司，化學硏討會16，吸附科學，共 立全書1 5 7吸附）。空隙意指空隙間時，例如束紮纖維時 發生空隙時，空隙率爲自束紮纖維之外形體積減去纖維體 積（可由其重量與密度決定）之剩餘體積相對於外形體積 之比例。至於纖維束方面’可爲綑綁爲絲狀物、帶狀物 等’亦可爲纖維相互部分熔著者，可爲織布、不織布之形 態。 作爲框材之例，可利用具有吸收液狀透明樹脂之能力 者’例如於「吸油性材料之開發」（1 9 9 1年5月發行『吸 油性材料之開發與應用』普及版，CMC (股）出版）中所 記載之包含非晶質氧化矽、木棉纖維、膠化劑、油吸附材 等之吸油性材料之構件。自形狀而言，可舉例有連續氣泡 之多孔質片材、不織布片材、織布等。 作爲連續氣泡之多孔質片材之材質有聚乙烯醇、聚胺 -45 - 200915249 基甲酸酯、聚丙烯、聚乙烯等。 於不織布片材或織布中所用之纖維有纖維素系纖維、 合成纖維。作爲纖維素系纖維可舉例爲棉、紙漿、嫘縈、 銅氛纖維、棉混紡紗、木棉纖維等’尤其由吸水性能、價 格方面而言’較好爲紙漿。紙漿可舉例爲由闊葉樹、針葉 樹等之紙獎片所得之牛皮紙漿（KP)等。又，作爲合成纖 維’舉例有由聚乙烯、聚丙烯等之聚烯烴、聚苯二甲酸乙 一醋等之聚酯、耐綸、聚氯乙烯等之高分子化合物所構成 者。自安全性、加工性、價格等方面而言，較好爲烯烴系 纖維、聚酯系纖維。 將框材設置於圖像顯示用面板或保護面板之方法，可 於該等中之至少一者上，以自身重量配置於欲使該等面板 對向之面上’或者以接著劑或黏著劑等固定而進行。爲了 可防止自界面之剝離，較好使用與透明有機物介質類似組 成者作爲接著劑。作爲框材使用之材料即使未成形爲片 狀’亦可將粉狀或液狀吸油材料調配成例如黏性高之糊狀 或油墨狀，使用印刷法或轉印法等方法，塗佈外周部而配 置作爲框材。框材可設置於圖像顯示用面板與保護面板兩 者之欲使該等面板對向之面上。於框材設置於圖像顯示用 面板上之情況，較好設置在透明基板上，但於已組裝成框 材時，亦可設置在其框體上，此時之設置位置較好靠近圖 像辨識部之週緣。 框材形狀亦可將片狀者成形或沖孔而吻合圖像顯示用 面板外周之形狀，亦可將條帶狀者依據需要切成複數個單 -46 - 200915249 片後再配置。框材厚度較好與透明有機物介質厚 但’使用有緩衝性之材料時，亦可夾於面板內， 厚度一致。框材之寬度爲2 mm〜50 mm，可依據 設置之間隔物任意決定。 <圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法> 本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法之一例 顯示於圖3。製造本發明之圖像顯示用裝置時， 有機物介質2 1 1 a係充塡於由液晶面板2 〇 6或保觀 及框材2 1 0所包圍之空間內。 以下’所用液狀透明有機物介質之體積設爲 面板206、保護面板2〇7及框材210所包圍之空 體積設爲V!，圖像顯示用裝置製造時所使用框 空隙體積設爲V2°V2可由製造時所用框材21 (Vf)與其空隙率（R%)之乘積（VfxR/100)求 上述之L較好設爲Vi以上。又，L雖可爲 少覆蓋透明辨識窗之範圍的體積，但由於不無夾 氣泡之可能性，故更好爲V ! X 1 . 1以上。倘若， 之顯示器裝置，則原理上亦可爲V!。又，爲V! 而’若超過（Vi+Va )，則液狀塡充材自框材向 藉由該滲出樹脂硬化，又藉由使其周圍以具有密 著性之硬化性樹脂、熱可塑性樹脂、光硬化性樹 條帶等加以封裝，可防止滲出之樹脂漏出，但較 使L成爲（Vl + v2 )以下，使液狀塡充材不會自 度相等。 使擠壓之 樹脂量或 模式性地 液狀透明 I面板207 L，液晶 間20 8之 才210之 〇之體積 得。 對應於至 帶入較小 若有精密 以上，進 外滲出。 封性、接 脂、黏著 好，藉由 框材滲出 -47- 200915249 之方式爲較好。又，使用後述之片狀透明有機物介質時’ 液狀透明有機物介質之體積L較好爲進而扣除於液晶面板 6、保護面板7以及框材1 0所包圍之空間內所收納之片狀 透明有機物介質之體積之値。 製造操作，係於保護面板207上設置框材210，於相 當於保護面板207及框材210所包圍之空間的部分注入液 狀塡充材2 1 1 a。該注入較好於構成空間208之一部分之保 護面板207中心部分進行。注入液狀塡充材21 la後，在 其完全延展之前，自液狀塡充材211a之上，以相對於保 護面板207或框材2 10之特定位置之方式載置液晶面板 2 06。液晶面板206以施壓或以其自身重量而配置於特定 位置。其結果，液狀透明有機物介質被施壓同時延展，一 邊使框材內空隙中之空氣被壓出一邊浸入，於液晶面板配 置在特定位置之後，藉由冷卻固化，或藉加熱或照光而進 行硬化。在此時點，透明有機物介質密著於液晶面板2 0 6 與保護面板2 0 7上。至於注入液狀透明有機物介質之方 法’有例如可使用自動或手動分配器，自吐出口以一定量 朝保護面板或液晶面板滴下之方法等方法。 又’於本發明中’亦可倂用片狀之透明有機物介質。 至於片狀透明有機物介質’可使用使液狀透明有機物介質 固化者。 於本發明中’製造片狀透明有機物介質之方法，可適 用藉由使塊狀聚合、懸浮聚合、乳化聚合及溶液聚合等之 熱聚合而合成之聚合物經熔融加工法或熔融澆注法而製造 -48- 200915249 片材之方法，或藉由直接以塊狀或溶液狀進行熱聚合或光 聚合而製造片材之方法等之以往公知之製造方法。 尤其，使用藉由以塊狀或溶液狀進行熱聚合或光聚合 製造成片材之方法時，（共）聚合物之重量平均分子量 (藉凝膠滲透層析儀利用標準聚苯乙烯校正線所測定者， 以下亦同）舉例爲100,〇〇〇〜700,000，其調配量較好在10 〜60重量％之範圍。於原本含有之共聚物之情況下，爲亦 包含該共聚物之重量平均分子量。 (共）聚合物之合成方法，可使用溶液聚合、懸浮聚 合、乳化聚合及塊狀聚合等已知聚合方法，但較好爲溶液 聚合或塊狀聚合。 液狀透明有機物介質與片狀透明有機物介質之原料組 成可相同亦可不同，於組成不同之情況下，於液狀透明有 機物介質於最終固形化時，由於其折射率與片狀透明有機 物介質不同而在其界面引起反射，故此情況時，折射率差 較好爲〇 . 2以下。 片狀透明有機物介質較好預先貼附於保護面板側或圖 像顯示用面板上。片狀透明有機物介質貼附於保護面板或 液晶面板可以使用輥層壓機或單片式貼合機之以往已知方 法，使不殘留氣泡而貼附。 倂用片狀透明有機物介質時，與液狀透明有機物介質 之體積比並無特別限制。片狀透明有機物介質之厚度只要 不超過框材之厚度則無特別限制，但若太厚則無使液狀透 明有機物介質進入之空間，變得難以逐出氣泡。 -49 - 200915249 由片狀塡充材與液狀塡充材之界面不出現在辨識面之 觀點而言，片狀透明有機物介質之面積較好大於圖像辨識 面之面積。片狀塡充材較好在液狀透明有機物介質展開之 前，貼附於保護面板、圖像顯示用面板之任一者或者貼附 於兩者上，但亦可於單片或兩片面板上塗佈透明有機物介 質之後，在設置於其上。亦即，爲了避免最終貼合後之面 板彼此界面中進入氣泡，若較好可在其界面介隔液狀透明 有機物介質。 圖4爲顯示使用片狀透明有機物介質時之本發明圖像 顯示用裝置之一例之剖面圖。至於實用之尺寸，爲對角線 之長度自2吋（約50 mm)至42吋（約1050 mm)。於 液晶面板2 0 6與保護面板2 0 7之間設置框材2 1 0，於藉此 所區分出之空間內，充滿由液狀透明有機物介質之固化透 明有機物介質211a’與片狀透明有機物介質211b所構成之 透明有機物介質，使該透明有機物介質密著設置在液晶面 板206及保護面板207上。片狀透明有機物介質21 lb可 爲預先密著於液晶面板2 0 6上者，爲比由液晶面板2 0 6及 保護面板207以及框材2 1 0所區分出之空間體積小之尺寸 者。片狀透明有機物介質21 lb厚度比液晶面板206與保 護面板2 0 7間之間隙（厚度方向）小，而平面大小較好比 以框材2 1 0所包圍之範圍小。此等對於片狀透明有機物介 質2 1 1 b預先設置於保護面板207上之情況亦相同。於片 狀透明有機物介質2 1 1 b設置於液晶面板2 0 6與保護面板 2 07兩者上之情況亦同樣地，片狀透明有機物介質之合計 -50- 200915249 厚度小於液晶面板206與保護面板207之 方向）小，個別平面之大小較好比以框材 圍小。較佳的厚度，只要爲液晶面板2 0 6 之間之間隙之90%以下即可。較佳之平面 保護面板之辨識部加上框材部分之大小以 情況時的製造，與前述圖3之情況相同。 機物介質時，其厚度以及大小與液晶顯 同。將液晶面板與圖像顯示用面板替換解 於本發明之圖像顯示用面板之製造方 於設置框材之圖像顯示用面板或保護面板 透明有機物介質之後，將另一者圖像顯示 板載置於其上。於本發明，由圖像顯示用 重疊密著時得以抑制氣泡混入之方面而言 物介質之黏度較好爲10,000 mPa.s以下 計（例如可使用東京計器製之TV-33)測 下之黏度’以下亦同），而在未特別施壓 像顯示面板或保護面板自身重量而使液狀 展開時之液狀透明有機物介質之黏度較f mPa · s °然而，亦可於設置有框材之圖像 護面板之任一者中充塡液狀透明有機物介 像顯示用面板或保護面板載置於其上，在 面板施壓。此情形，爲此欲被展開之液狀 之濃度’可大於上述者，較好爲3,00 0〜 藉由圖像顯示用面板或保護面板之自身重 :間之間隙（厚度 2 1 0所包圍之範 與保護面板207 i大小，只要爲於 下即可。又，此 使用片狀透明有 示裝置之情況相 讀亦可。 法中，如前述， 之一者內，注入 用面板或保護面 面板與保護面板 ，液狀透明有機 (藉由E型黏度 定，在溫度2 5 t 下，用以藉由圖 透明有機物介質 !子爲 500〜5,〇〇〇 顯示用面板或保 質後，將另一圖 其同時或隨後對 透明有機物介質 10,000 mPa.s。 量或施壓而使液 -51 - 200915249 狀透明有機物介質展開時，若爲可充分展開且於框材內浸 入塡充材，則可進行部分固化，亦可於液狀透明有機物介 質展開結束後開始進行固化（或硬化）。 又，倂用片狀透明有機物介質時，從易於展開而言， 黏度較好爲1〜500mPa*s。 框材可設於另一方之圖像顯示用面板或保護面板之與 一方之圖像顯不用面板或保護面板對向之面上。此時，設 於另一方圖像顯示用面板或保護面板上之框材可配置爲與 一方圖像顯示用面板或保護面板上所設之框材尺寸一致， 亦可使框材以內外相互嵌合或框材以一半爲內一半爲外相 互嵌合之方式配置，其嵌合方法可爲任意者。 圖5爲顯示本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之一例之剖面 圖。使液晶面板206設置於框體212上，將框材210固定 於該框體212上，於以包含液晶面板206及框體212之圖 像顯示用面板與框材210及保護面板207所包圍之空間內 充塡透明有機物介質211。亦即，框材較好以可使保護面 板與圖像顯示用面板間所充塡之液狀透明有機物介質相連 之方式加以固定。 於本發明中，圖像顯示用面板與保護面板介以透明有 機物介質加以貼合時，藉由使液狀透明有機物介質如上述 般展開，由於可使空氣自框材排出，故而容易自透明辨識 部除去空氣（消除氣泡）。又，由於框材具有多數空隙， 故液狀透明有機物介質之展開可快速進行。又框材爲吸油 性時’可更簡單地（不需要施加過度壓力）使空氣排出。 -52- 200915249 本發明中，以上述所說明之液晶顯示裝置中，在其製 造後，拉出框材之一部分，可容易地除掉硬化之透明樹脂 及未硬化、未密著之框材。面板彼此所挾持之部分，若爲 例如對框材具有溶解性者，則可以可溶解之溶劑加以去 除。至於透明有機物介質，於使用光硬化性樹脂組成物之 情況時，若藉由遮光光罩阻斷活性光線，由於含浸於框材 部分之塡充材未硬化亦即爲液狀，故而溶液去除。 又，圖6爲顯示本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之一例之剖 面圖。將框材210設置於保護面板207之周緣，使面積比 保護面板207小的圖像顯示用面板（例如液晶顯示用面 板）2〇6重疊’於藉此所包圍之空間內充塡透明有機物介 質211。自圖像顯示用面板206突出之框材將其切斷除 去，亦可殘留一部分。於去除氣泡後將框材除去，就此保 留亦無問題，但於要求有周緣部狹窄（使辨識部以外之部 分狹窄’目的可提高輕量化 '小型化、美觀、設計性）之 情況下，可加以去除。 以上之本發明第一樣態在介以液晶面板上之透明有機 物介質層貼附保護面板之際，利用於框材使用連續氣泡型 多孔質材料，可將透明有機物介質層中之氣泡吸收至多孔 質框中。氣泡吸收後利用光或熱使透明有機物介質固化， 可防止一旦被吸收之氣泡再回到透明有機物介質層。又， 此處由於有必要確實檢查透明有機物介質層內之氣泡有 無’故採用於透明保護面板下方介以透明有機物介質層貼 附液晶面板之製法。爲此’於透明有機物介質層中有氣泡 -53- 200915249 時，比重小的氣泡即使存於透明有機物介質層中亦會集中 於保護面板側，故液晶面板側大致上成無氣泡狀態。 另一方面，以多孔質材料形成之框亦吸收透明有機物 介質。因此’所用之透明有機物介質量可使用比預定更增 加者。其上，自多孔質框漏出之透明有機物介質5如圖7 所示般自框漏到外側，附著於液晶面板周圍，依據情況最 後會被覆驅動器附近之導通部分，無法斷定沒有使作爲圖 像顯示裝置無法進行正常動作之可能性。 因此，本發明人等對種種框材料進行檢討之結果，發 現藉由使框材之與保護面板接觸之側爲連續氣泡型多孔質 構件且液晶面板側爲非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型之多孔質 構件’氣泡吸收於多孔質構件中且因非多孔質構件，透明 有機物介質不會漏至框外。 又’發現即使僅以非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型之多孔 質構件製造框材時’於框材內設有間隙，藉由於該空隙附 近設置連續氣泡型多孔質構件，透明有機物介質層中無氣 泡且透明有機物介質不會漏至框外。 以下’對本發明之第二樣態加以說明。 又’本發明之透明有機物介質規定爲於滴下至液晶面 板上時爲液體’介以透明有機物介質使保護面板接觸於液 晶面板後’藉由光、熱、溼度等外來刺激而硬化者。又， 本發明之液晶顯示裝置之顯示部爲正方形或矩形形狀，保 護面板、透明有機物介質等之構成構件亦爲正方形或矩形 形狀之板狀構件。 -54- 200915249 圖3 7中顯示用以說明本發明之液晶顯示裝置基本構 成之模式圖。於液晶面板圖像顯示面（於圖3 7 ( b )爲上 部之面）上介以透明有機物介質2之層貼附有保護面板 3。透明有機物介質2之厚度係依據框材加以控制。框材 係由連續氣泡型多孔質材7與獨立氣泡型多種質材或非多 孔質材8所構成。又，於液晶面板之兩面上貼附偏光板 13° 於液晶面板背面（於圖3 7 ( b )爲下部之面）配置液 晶面板驅動用1C驅動器21，以FPC基板22連在一起。 液晶面板收容於背光單元與液晶面板之外殼2 3內。在該 外殼內面上敷上反射層24，使自螢光管25發出之光線等 反射，其結果，發揮儘可能使光用於顯示圖像之機能。 自螢光管向圖像顯示面前進之光，利用先通過擴散板 26，使光進一歩擴散。隨後，通過擴散片27、稜鏡片28 等之光學片之後，入射至液晶面板。此處液晶面板以不動 方式設置外殻之上蓋。 背光單元與液晶面板之外殼背面（圖3 7下部之面） 安裝有電源、諧振器等之控制基板101。爲了保護該等基 板，使液晶顯示裝置之外殼1 02介以接著層1 03與保護面 板結合。 [A]保護面板貼附製程及框材；首先描述保護面板貼 附製程，而且說明必要框材之機能。 (1)保護面板貼附製程 -55- 200915249 圖8及圖9槪略顯示保護面板貼附製程。於液晶面板 4之單面上載置並貼附框材1 ( a )。隨後流入透明有機物 介質（b )。其次於圖8，將保護面板之一邊以保護面板之 懸掛治具6懸吊同時將保護面板被覆於有機物介質上 (c ) » 於圖9，懸吊保護面板之相對面兩邊同時將保護面板 被覆於有機物介質上。如上述之框材爲連續氣泡型多孔質 構件時，框材吸收透明有機物介質層之氣泡，結果使液晶 面板與保護面板無氣泡地貼附成爲可能。此時，自滴下透 明有機物介質到貼附保護面板爲止之步驟所需的時間短且 透明有機物介質之黏度高、或表面張力大而難以引起如圖 7般漏出。但，就縮短步驟時間而言，使用黏度低之透明 有機物介質方面則有利。然而，若如此，不僅是氣泡且透 明有機物介質亦吸收至多孔質構件中，而一部分如圖7般 漏出至框外。 於是，藉由使框材如以下（i )〜（iii )般之辦法可 解決上述課題。 (i )連續氣泡型多孔質構件與獨立氣泡型多孔質構件或 非多孔質構件之倂用 如圖1 〇所示般，藉由使框材中與保護面板連接之側 爲連續氣泡型多孔質構件7，液晶面板側爲獨立氣泡型多 孔質構件或非多孔質構件8，由於存在於圖1 〇上側之氣泡 吸收於連續氣泡型多孔質構件中，透明有機物介質藉獨立 -56- 200915249 氣泡型多孔質構件或非多孔質構件加以封止，故透明有機 物介質不會自框漏出。於圖1 0雖顯示保護面板自單側懸 掛之方法，但因上述般之框材改良於如圖9般自兩側懸吊 之方法亦同樣有效果。 不過，於圖8、9、10雖以液晶面板在下而被覆保護 面板之方式，但相反地將框材貼附於保護面板上，以保護 面板在下，被覆液晶面板亦可。此情形若保護面板側爲獨 立氣泡型多孔質構件或非多孔質構件，液晶面板側爲連續 氣泡型多孔質構件，則可獲得上述般之效果。惟，由於若 不以保護面板在上，則難以確認透明有機介質層中氣泡之 有無，因此若可以使保護面板爲上、液晶面板爲下之方式 則可提高作業性。 (ii )連續，氣泡型多孔質構件、獨立氣泡型多孔質構件及 非多孔質構件之硬度適度化 如圖1 1所示以與上述（i )相同框材構件，且選擇柔 軟性高者作爲獨立氣泡型多孔質構件或非多孔質構件，將 其貼附於液晶面板上。接著流入透明有機物介質（a )。 此處流入之透明有機物介質之量爲比框可保持之最大量稍 減少。接著於（b )所示使液晶面板僅傾斜（Θ )同時貼附 保護面板（b )。 此時最後所貼附之端部側成爲上面之方式傾斜。由於 液晶面板傾斜，故於透明有機物介質中比重較小之氣泡聚 集於保護面板面之端部附近。若以此狀態自保護面板側施 -57- 200915249 加荷重，由於獨立氣泡型多孔質構件或非多孔質構件縮 回，故框之液晶面板與保護面板之距離變短。與此同時氣 泡通過連續氣泡型多孔質構件自透明有機物介質層逐出 (C )。氣泡逐出結束之階段，藉由使透明有機物介質固 化（d )，可抑制透明有機物介質通過多孔質構件而漏 出。 如（i )之一邊擠壓氣泡一邊貼附保護面板之方法由 於多少擠壓小氣泡，故依據情況，與端部附近殘留有多數 小氣泡（i )相比，由於在貼附面之端部聚集爲大氣泡， 故透明有機物介質層中難以殘留氣泡，以無氣泡貼附時比 (i )更有利。 獨立氣泡型多孔質構件或非多孔質構件之柔軟性或橡 膠硬度爲小的程度由於以稍許荷重即可縮回故而較佳。具 體而言，以Durometer A型硬度計測得之橡膠硬度30以 下者較佳。 不過若透明有機物介質層太薄，則在放置保護面板及 施加荷重前之狀態，保護面板與液晶面板間之氣泡比例大 於透明有機物介質中之氣泡比例，縱然壓縮獨立氣泡型多 孔構件或非多孔質構件，氣泡殘留之可能性亦變高。因 此，透明有機物介質層厚度有必要爲〇· 1 mm以上。 另一方面，若透明有機物介質層太厚，具體而言，若 厚度超過1 〇 mm時，出現保護面板之耐衝擊性降低之傾 向。惟了解到此情況下，液晶面板不會破損，僅保護面板 會破損。透明有機物介質層大體上在1〇 mm以下時，保護 -58- 200915249 面板、液晶面板兩者均會有裂痕。作爲其理由認爲係因爲 若透明有機介質層變厚，則於前面板所接受之衝擊不會傳 導至液晶面板。總之，認爲於透明有機物介質層超過1 〇 mm之情況下衝擊不會傳導至液晶面板，其結果得以減低 前面板之耐衝擊性。 保護面板與液晶面板兩者同時破損者，由於於保護面 板與液晶面板兩者承受衝擊故耐衝擊性高。換言之，於液 晶面板不破損而僅保護面板破損之情況，耐衝擊性低。因 此爲使耐衝擊性高，較好選擇保護面板與液晶面板兩者同 時破損之厚度。由以上可了解透明有機物介質層之厚度雖 依據有機物介質種類而在較佳範圍多少有變動，但一般較 好爲0.1〜10 mm。 (Hi)於框材內導入間隙 如圖1 2所示，以獨立氣泡型多孔質構件或非多孔質 構件於液晶面板4邊形成框8。其中一邊的框不連續，亦 即開口出一間隙（框材之缺損部）。在邊的端部亦即液晶 面板之角落部分設有（a )爲一處、（b )爲兩處之間隙。 於以框包圍之部分之外側’以堵住框的間隙之方式貼附連 續氣泡型多孔質構件7。接著流入透明有機物介質。隨後 懸吊保護面板之一邊同時於有機物介質上被覆保護面板。 於是’透明有機物介質層中之氣泡通過框之間隙吸收於連 續氣泡型多孔質構件7中。若干透明有機物介質亦被吸收 至多孔質構件7中。 -59- 200915249 隨後使透明有機物介質固化。最後除去連續氣泡型多 孔質構件，完成向液晶面板貼附保護面板之動作。此情 形，如右圖所示，最終並無連續氣泡型多孔質構件。透明 有機物介質爲光硬化樹脂時，吸收於框內之透明有機物介 質因光無法到達故而無法進行光硬化。由於未硬化之光硬 化樹脂亦會放出惡臭物，於未充分光硬化時有自液晶面板 放出惡臭之疑慮。然而，由於對吸收有未硬化之光硬化樹 脂的連續氣泡型多孔質構件予以除去，故有作爲液晶面板 不會發出惡臭之效果。 圖1 2 ( b )爲光間隙爲在一邊的兩端部的兩處者。此 情況下該一邊的中央附近有殘留小氣泡之可能性，但如圖 1 3所示般，藉由於一邊或兩邊全體設有多數間隙，而使去 除相當小的氣泡成爲可能。 於（a )中，連續氣泡型多孔質構件7連接於框體之 一邊。聯接連續多孔質構件7之框體爲具有長方形剖面之 非多孔質或獨立氣泡型之多孔質。氣泡自該長方形之間的 間隙被吸收至連續氣泡型多孔質構件7。（ b )爲非多孔質 或獨立氣泡型多孔質之框成爲半圓的集合體，氣泡自該半 圓之間的間隙被吸收至連續氣泡型多孔質構件。（c )爲 多孔質框成爲圓的集合體，氣泡自該圓之間的間隙被吸收 至連續氣泡型多孔質構件。（d )爲非多孔質或獨立氣泡 型多孔質框成爲二角形集合體，氣泡自該三角之間的間隙 被吸收至連續氣泡型多孔質構件。與（a )相比，於（b ) 〜（d )氣泡難以殘留。此係認爲藉由使框的形狀於面向 -60- 200915249 框的內側（與透明有機物介質接觸之面）成爲尖的或帶有 圓邊，故使氣泡難以附著於框上之故。 於圖1 2之形態，係如圖8所示般藉由懸吊保護面板 之一邊同時使保護面板被覆於透明有機物介質之過程而貼 附保護面板，於圖14之形態’係如圖9所示般藉由懸吊 保護面板相對面之兩邊同時使保護面板被覆於透明有機物 介質之過程而貼附保護面板，但氣泡去除原理爲相同。 同樣地，於圖13之形態，係如圖8所示般藉由懸吊 保護面板之一邊同時使保護面板被覆於透明有機物介質之 過程而貼附保護面板，於圖1 5之形態’係如圖9所示般 藉由懸吊保護面板相對面之兩邊同時使保護面板被覆於透 明有機物介質之過程而貼附保護面板。 於此，在圖14，使（a)爲2處，（b )爲4處之間隙 (框材之缺損部）設置於邊的端部，即液晶面板之角落部 分。 惟，即使如上述般之想法，於保護面板貼附步驟中， 使用液狀透明有機物介質時，液體朝面板附著的可能性無 法完全爲零。有透明有機物介質附著會成爲圖像顯示上問 題者爲具有電氣信號傳送接收之接點之1C驅動器。1C驅 動器中之接點上附著有透明有機物介質，因絕緣使得電氣 信號無法傳送而無法進行圖像顯示。於是較好將1C驅動 器設置於使用有透明有機物介質露出可能性高之連續氣泡 型多孔質框材之邊上或設置於設有一處以上間隙之邊以外 的邊上。 -61 - 200915249 (2)框材 如圖1 6所不般將液晶框材規定爲於液晶面板4與保 護面板3之間的框材高度爲透明有機物介質層2之厚度且 得以抑制透明有機物介質洩漏於框外。因此較好框材厚度 與透明有機物介質厚度大致相等。但，使用有緩衝性材料 時’夾於面板與保護面板內之加壓的厚度可爲一致。 框材係選擇自連續氣泡型多孔質構件、獨立氣泡型多 孔質構件、非多孔質構件之3種。於此分別加以說明。又 說明書中之框高度9、框寬度1〇與圖16所圖示者相同。 (i )連續氣泡型多孔質構件 此爲數個氣泡或空隙爲連續相連者，具有吸收液體之 能力。具體而言’爲包含黏土、木棉纖維、膠凝化劑、油 吸附材等之吸油性材料之構件，就形狀而言，可舉例有例 如海綿狀樹脂片、不織片、不織布或織布等。 作爲樹脂片之材質’有聚乙烯醇、聚胺基甲酸酯、聚 丙烯、聚乙烯等。作爲不織片或織布中所用之纖維有纖維 素系纖維、合成纖維。作爲纖維素系纖維，舉例有棉、紙 漿、嫘縈、銅氨纖維、棉混紡紗、木棉纖維等，尤其由吸 水性能、價格方面而言’較好爲紙漿。紙漿可舉例爲由闊 葉樹、針葉樹等之紙漿片所得之牛皮紙漿（K P )等。又， 作爲合成纖維’舉例有由聚乙烯、聚丙烯等之聚烯烴、聚 苯二甲酸乙二酯等之聚酯、耐綸、聚氯乙烯等之高分子化 -62- 200915249 合物所構成者。自安全性、加工性、價格等方面而言，較 好爲烯烴系纖維、聚酯系纖維。 框材形狀可爲使片狀者加以成形或打孔而與圖像顯示 用面板之外周形狀吻合，亦可使條帶狀者依據需要切成複 數個單片而配置。框材寬度較好爲2 mm〜50 mm,可依據 樹脂量或設置間隔物而任意選擇。 又，亦可藉由使氧化矽 '氧化鋁等微粒子加壓而成 形。於微粒子彼此間之吸附性低而無法成形或易於潰散之 情形時，則添加黏合劑後予以加壓。此時之黏合劑可舉例 爲丙烯酸樹脂、聚碳酸酯樹脂等之有機樹脂。 (Π)獨立氣泡型多孔質構件 此可謂表面及內部之氣泡或者空隙不爲連續相連之多 孔質構件。雖然於表面及附近多少吸收有液體，但只要爲 某程度之厚度’則可作爲抑制液體浸透之框的機能。作爲 此所期望之材料可舉例爲藉由發泡成形之胺基甲酸酯之發 泡材料、聚乙铺材料等。框材之寬度較好爲2 mm〜50 m m，可依據樹脂量或設置間隔物而任意選擇。 (iii )非多孔質構件 此可謂爲內部無氣泡或無空隙之構件。包含於表面及 附近多少吸收有液體而膨潤者。由於框中之非多孔質構件 的部分，透明有機物介質不會漏至框外。作爲此所期望之 材料可舉例爲丙烯酸樹脂、苯乙烯/丙烯酸樹脂、聚碳酸 -63- 200915249 酯樹脂、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯、琿 甲酸酯樹脂、環氧/胺基甲酸酯樹 亞胺樹脂等之有機物樹脂；玻璃、 料等之固體材料。 又，亦可舉例有於丙烯酸樹§ 添加直徑與框之高度大致相等之氧 有機/無機複合材料。形成此框之 透明有機物介質與粒子之混合物。 使塗佈之混合物展開時，如圖17 子直徑大致相等。 隨後，使透明有機物介質硬化 需高度之框。因此於此圖中混合之 子11。框材寬度較好爲2 mm〜5 設置間隔物而任意選擇。 [B]本發明圖像顯示裝置之構成 就本發明之圖像顯示裝置之構 (1)最外表面爲保護面板 目前市售之個人電腦螢幕或液 如圖18(a)之無透明有機物介質 以圖1 8 ( a )來說，係於背光單： 1 3、液晶面板4、偏光板1 3之構造 晶模組。又雖未圖示，但液晶面板 :氧樹脂、酚樹脂、胺基 脂、環氧/酚樹脂、聚醯 鐵、不鏽鋼等之金屬材 '等之透明有機物介質內 化矽或氧化鋁等粒子之 際，於液晶面板上塗佈 隨後，以擠壓或刮刀等 般，混合物之高度與粒 ，於液晶面板上形成所 粒子記爲框高度控制粒 0 mm，可依據樹脂量或 成說明如下。 晶電視之情況，一般係 層與保護面板之構造。 元12上重疊有偏光板 。該等合起來者稱爲液 係由配置於一對透明玻 -64- 200915249 璃基板間之液晶層與彩色濾光層、用以在該液晶層中施加 電場之電極構造以及進而各種絕緣膜所形成。由如此構成 所得之液晶面板與用以改變光學特性之偏光板、進而與作 爲光源之背光單元12組合’安裝驅動用1C驅動器，成爲 液晶模組。此情形由於並無本發明般之保護面板故而耐衝 擊性低。 於是，本發明係於如圖18(a)般設置保護面板3而 提高耐衝擊性。又藉由於保護面板與偏光板之間隙內充塡 透明有機物介質2，得以抑制保護面板背側之反射。 進而於液晶面板與透明有機物介質層之間之偏光板係 於製造時貼合於液晶面板上而形成，但此時有必要使偏光 軸之精度良好吻合。再者，一旦貼合則無法再次修正貼 合。然而如圖18(b)所示般若以粗略精度貼合於保護面 板上’則於安裝保護面板之際，保護面板固定時可使偏光 軸再度吻合，有使精度變高之優點。如此形成之保護面板 本身之安裝位置即使有若干偏移，於圖像顯示上不成問 題。 藉由如圖1 9般安裝上述液晶模組1 4 ’安裝電源單元 1 5、控制系統1 6、前部外框1 7、後部外框1 8而製作液晶 顯示裝置。圖19之（a)爲保護面板之平面面積與液晶面 板相同程度大小之例，（b )爲後述之保護面板比液晶面 板大時之例。又（b )雖顯示無前面外框時之圖示，但於 特別機能上亦無問題。又後述圖20、2 1、27〜3 0所示之 液晶模組亦分別成爲與圖1 9所示之液晶顯示裝置同樣的 -65- 200915249 構成。 (2 )於保護面板上形成抗反射膜 保護面板之折射率與空氣折射率之差會產生反射。於 此處，藉由於保護面板上形成抗反射膜或抗眩膜1 9，而可 抑制反射、提高辨識性者爲以圖20之（a )所示之構造之 液晶顯示裝置。 抗反射膜或抗眩膜係藉由將形成該等膜之薄膜貼合於 保護面板上，而可預期對保護面板具有以下效果。保護面 板爲玻璃或高硬度透明樹脂時，即使使用相當厚者，則有 因高硬度之SUS、玻璃等之因物體產生之大的衝擊而損傷 表面同時有碎片飛散之虞。然而，利用設有薄膜狀之抗反 射膜或抗眩膜，縱使發生碎片，由於其上貼附之形成抗反 射膜或抗眩膜之薄膜，而可防止其飛散。 圖2 0之（b )爲於保護面板3上安裝有偏光板1 3之 情況，其效果與上述（1)之圖18(b)相同。 (3 )以框架保持液晶模組 目前市售之個人電腦螢幕或液晶電視之情況，圖2 1 之（a )的背光單元、偏光板、液晶面板甚至偏光板總體 以框架20予以保持，成爲液晶模組。於此作爲安裝有圖 1 9所示之控制系統1 6、電源1 5、外框1 8等之圖像顯示裝 置而發揮機能。因此只要爲如圖2 1之（a )般之構造，則 由於透明有機物介質層與保護面板可在液晶模組製作後安 -66 - 200915249 裝，故有可在不.改變以往液晶模組之製造製程下而製 優點。 圖21(b)爲在保護面板3上安裝有偏光板13 況，其效果與上述（1)之圖18(b)相同。不過， 板、液晶面板、背光單元則詳細顯示於圖22、1 7。此 圖22 ( a )以保護面板、透明有機物介質層除去之狀 圖像顯示面側觀看液晶模組之平面圖。又，圖23 (; 於圖22 (a)上設有外殼上蓋之平面圖。圖22(b) 圖 22 ( a )之虛線部分切開之液晶模組之剖面圖，E (b)爲於圖22(b)上設有外殼上蓋之剖面圖。又， 面板4內部構成說明在此省略。 驅動用1C驅動器2 1配置於液晶面板4直立時與 最靠近之前述液晶面板之一邊以及垂直於前述邊之兩 任何一邊側上（於圖22 ( a )係配置於液晶面板之右 下邊），以FPC基板22連結在一起。背光單元與液 板收容於背光單元與液晶面板之外殼23內。在該外 面上敷上反射層24，使自螢光管25發出之光線等反 其結果，發揮儘可能使光用於顯示圖像之機能。自螢 向圖像顯示面前進之光，利用先通過擴散板26，使光 歩擴散。隨後，通過擴散片27、稜鏡片28等之光學 後，入射至液晶面板。又於圖23以液晶面板不動之 設置外殼之上蓋29。 此處該驅動用IC驅動器係發揮作爲汲極之機能 背光長時間點亮，由於此時之發熱亦使液晶面板加熱 作之 之情 偏光 處， 態自 )爲 爲以 0 23 液晶 地面 邊之 邊及 晶面 殼內 射， 光管 進一 片之 方式 。若 。液 -67- 200915249 晶面板中之上部加熱程度尤其大，因此溫度亦上升。此時 驅動用IC驅動器若結合於上部，由於更強的加熱，由熱 所引起之元件類損壞變大，其結果引起面板耐久性降低。 又即使元件類未損傷，但熱傳導至液晶面板，於高於液晶 動作溫度以上時，會有亦發生圖像模糊問題之疑慮。於 是，驅動用1C驅動器較理想是配置於與來自背光的熱上 升側相反側，即液晶面板直立時離地面最近之液晶面板之 —邊（底邊）側。然而，驅動用1C驅動器配置於下方 時，以濕抹布等擦拭無保護面板之以往的液晶顯示裝置 時，也有水滴經由圖像顯示部分即偏光板傳送而進入驅動 用1C驅動器內而引起短路之可能性。因此，考慮使用者 日常使用時，驅動用1C驅動器配置於液晶面板下部亦需 要有某種程度之防水效果。本文中利用設置保護面板而發 揮防水性，使得驅動用1C驅動器設置於液晶面板下部成 爲可能，其結果可賦予驅動用1C驅動器、液晶面板之長 壽命化。 圖24(a) 、 （b)係顯不於背光到偏光板13、液晶 面板4之間之擴散片27、稜鏡片28等之數量、構成與圖 23者不同者。於顯示裝置設計時符合擴散板之性能、背光 之擴散性等，而自該等構成中適當選擇或據此形狀適當選 擇。 又，圖22〜24於背光中使用螢光管，而使用發光二 極體30(或有時記載爲LED)之構成則示於圖25。又發 光二極體之構造顯示於圖26。發光二極體於發光部31周 -68- 200915249 圍有反射面32。顯示裝置設計時，係適當選擇螢光管、發 光二極體之任一者或者兩者倂用之構成。 圖22〜圖25爲有關背光光源位於液晶面板正下方之 構造。然而，如圖3 8所示，可爲背光光源104位於液晶 面板端部之正下方，利用導光板105、擴散板等之光學構 件使光得以照射至液晶面板全體上之構造。 (4) 自背光單元至保護面板爲止以框架保持 目前市售之個人電腦螢幕或液晶電視之情況，於液晶 模組（圖21之（a )之背光單元、偏光板、液晶面板甚至 偏光板總體以框架予以保持者）中，安裝控制系統、電 源、外框等，而發揮作爲圖像顯示裝置之機能。於如圖27 之（a )般之框架中保持透明有機物介質層及保護面板， 藉此可在不改變以往液晶顯示裝置之製造製程下而製作個 人電腦螢幕或液晶電視之優點。 圖27之（b )爲於保護面板上安裝偏光板之情況，其 效果與上述（1)之圖18(b)相同。 (5) 保護面板與框架固定 於圖27係藉由框架20保持保護面板3。例如於3 2吋 液晶電視之情況，若保護面板使用厚度2 mm之玻璃，則 儘可能保護面板最低約爲1.5kg，使用厚度3 mm之玻璃 時，爲約 2.2kg。因此以框架保持保護面板，相較於以 往，有必要使用較厚的構件。此由於會使液晶TV重量增 -69- 200915249 加，故而較不佳。 所以’圖2 8之（a )所示般藉由固定保護面板與框架 由於不僅可保持框架且保持保護面板同時保持其他構件， 因此框架不需要成爲較厚。亦即，有可減低構件之使用量 及其部分之成本且構件變薄且加工亦容易之優點。圖28 之（b)爲於保護面板上安裝偏光板之情況，其效果與上 述（1)之圖18(b)相同。 (6 )以透明有機物介質層保持偏光板及液晶面板 如圖29之（a )及圖30之（a)所示，以透明有機物 介質層2保持偏光板1 3及液晶面板4，利用將此等保持於 保護面板，需要以框架保持之構件僅有背光。因此，由於 框架20以上述（5 )更薄，因此有可更減低構件之使用量 及其部分之成本且構件變薄及加工亦容易之優點。 圖29之（b)及圖30之（b)爲於保護面板上安裝偏 光板之情況，其效果與上述（1)之圖18 ( b )相同。 [C]構成單元、構件等 (1 )背光單元 背光單元係由光源、光學片所構成。作爲光源可舉例 爲冷陰極管或LED等。至於光學片’可舉例有導光板、 擴散片、稜鏡片、反射偏光片等。 (2 )偏光板 -70- 200915249 偏光板爲具有僅使特定震動方向之光透過的機能之 板，於本發明並無特別限制’可使用一般液晶顯示裝置所 用者。一個顯示裝置中使用兩片’一片設於背光單元與液 晶層之間。剩餘1片與上述所設之部位不同’而進行其本 身之機能。 (3 )液晶面板 液晶面板一般爲於2片玻璃基板之間依序保持有透明 電極、配向層、液晶層、彩色濾光片者，本發明之液晶面 板亦以此構成爲前提。又若改變一部分構成而可進行同樣 機能，則亦可使用於本發明之液晶顯示裝置。 (4 )保護面板 保護面板較好爲於可見光領域幾乎無吸收且耐擦性、 耐衝擊性高之透明板。若以此方面加以考慮，首先可舉例 有構件之鉛筆硬度爲9 Η以上之玻璃板、鉛筆硬度爲2 Η 之丙烯酸板 '鉛筆硬度爲2Η〜3Η之三乙醯基纖維素等作 爲保護面板構件。 又保g蔓面板之G度將隨液晶顯不部分之大小而變，但 於保護面板爲玻璃之情形較好爲0.7 m m以上，爲丙烯酸 樹脂等之樹脂之情形較好爲1 mm以上。若比上述更薄， 則製造時保護基板會變形，其變形將會對製品顯示面的平 坦性帶來影響。 又保護面板大小如圖2 8之（a )、（ b )般，即使比 -71 - 200915249 透明有機物介質層、偏光板、液晶面板、背光單元大也無 妨。 (5 )透明有機物介質 本發明之透明有機物介質在常溫之性狀顯示爲固體。 透明有機物介質之折射率與保護面板、偏光板之折射率越 相近則越可減低反射率。後述之保護面板之組成可舉例有 玻璃（折射率 1 .5 0〜1 · 5 4 )、丙烯酸樹脂（折射率 1.49 ) 、P E T (折射率1 _ 5 6 )、聚碳酸酯（折射率1 _ 5 9 ) 等。 本文中，於將保護面板之折射率設爲n〇、硬化後之透 明有機物介質之折射率設爲η時’可依據下式求得保護面 板與透明有機物介質之界面的反射率R。 R= {(n〇-n)/(n〇 + n)}2 於此等保護面板內側無透明有機物介質之情況，即以 空氣層（折射率1 · 0 )之狀態下，於保護面板與空氣層之 界面產生約3.7〜5.2%的反射。反射係因保護面板與空氣 之折射率差所產生。因此若代替空氣而於空氣層中充滿折 射率與保護面板相近之透明介質，則可抑制反射。於日光 直射時，於保護面板與透明有機物介質之界面有3.7〜 5.2 %之反射率可降低至〇 _ 5 %左右，且相當能提高辨識 性。由上述式求得充塡透明有機物介質之單面的反射率大 -72- 200915249 約降低至〇 . 5 %時之折射率且如下述表1所示。 表1 前面板之折射率 (n〇) 透明有機物介質之折射率 ⑻ 反射率 (%) 丨 n〇-n| (n〇與η之差） 1.48 1.28 0.53 0.20 1.48 1.38 0.12 0.10 1.48 1.18 0.85 0.25 1.54 1.34 0.48 0.20 1.59 1.39 0.50 0.21 1.48 1.70 0.48 0.22 1.54 1.77 0.48 0.23 1.59 1.83 0.49 0.24 由該表顯示，於反射率降低至約0.5 %，透明有機物 介質折射率相對於保護面板之折射率差較好爲0.2以下。 因此保護面板之折射率設爲n〇，透明有機物介質之折射率 設爲η時，較好是選擇下述不等式得以成立之保護面板、 透明有機物介質。 n〇-0.2<n<n〇 + 0.2 作爲透明有機物介質，可舉例有如下者。固體者舉例 有單體或預聚物藉由熱硬化、光硬化而聚合之熱硬化樹 脂、光硬化樹脂等。又，於此說明書中，預聚物可爲聚合 物或寡聚物與單體混合並調整至易於處理之黏度者。又可 舉例已聚合後之熱可塑性樹脂。 -73- 200915249 熱硬化樹脂、光硬化樹脂係於保護面板之間隙內充塡 上述單體或預聚物後’藉由賦予適當的熱或光而硬化，而 可塡塞於間隙內。該等樹脂之單體或預聚物可舉例爲使用 雙鍵聚合者、藉由各種取代基之脫水、脫醇反應、加成反 應而聚合者等。 使用單體或預聚物內之雙鍵聚合者舉例爲苯乙烯、甲 基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、甲基 丙烯酸異丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯、甲基丙烯酸異丁酯、甲 基丙烯酸己酯、甲基丙烯酸辛酯、甲基丙烯酸2 -乙基己 酯、甲基丙烯酸癸酯、甲基丙烯酸十二烷酯、丙烯酸甲 酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸異丙酯、丙烯酸丁 酯、丙烯酸異丁酯、丙烯酸己酯、丙烯酸辛酯、丙烯酸2_ 乙基己酯、丙烯酸癸酯、丙烯酸十二烷酯等。 該等可單獨或複數種使用以形成透明之有機物介質 層。另外該等亦可與其他預聚物、單體組合形成透明有機 物介質層。所用之預聚物可舉例爲聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯醇、 聚烯丙基胺等。又單體可舉例爲分子內具有羥基之乙二 醇、丙二醇、二乙二醇、1，3-二羥基環丁烷、1，4-二羥基 環己烷、1，5-二羥基環辛烷等，末端具有縮水甘油基之乙 二醇單縮水甘油醚、乙二醇二縮水甘油醚等。 藉由各種取代基之脫水反應或加成反應而聚合之單 體、預聚物可舉例爲末端具有2個以上羥基或縮水甘油 基、2個以上胺基者與末端具有2個以上羧基或羧酸酐構 造者加以聚合而成者。 -74- 200915249 末端具有羥基者可舉例爲乙二醇、丙二醇、 醇、1,3-二羥基環丁烷、1,4-二羥基環己烷' 1，5-二 辛烷、聚乙二醇等，於末端具有縮水甘油基者可舉 二醇單縮水甘油醚、乙二醇二縮水甘油醚等。於末 胺基者可舉例爲乙二胺、1，4-二胺基丁烷、1，6-二 烷、1，4-二胺基苯、2,6-二胺基萘、三聚氰胺等。 具有羧基者可舉例爲己二酸、1,3-丁二酸、1,4-丁 富馬酸、馬來酸、偏苯三酸、均苯四酸等。於末端 酸酐構造者可舉例爲馬來酸酐、苯二甲酸酐、均苯 等。 藉由脫醇反應聚合者舉例爲具有烷氧基矽烷基 物、具有烷氧基鈦烷基之化合物。具體而言舉例爲 基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、四丙氧基矽烷、四丁氧基 甲基三甲氧基矽烷、乙氧基三甲氧基矽烷、丁基三 矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、乙基三乙氧基矽烷、丁 氧基矽烷、1-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、1-氯丙基三 矽烷、1-縮水甘油基丙基三乙氧基矽烷等。 不過，若使用類似聚乙烯丁縮醛、聚六甲基 酯、聚八甲基丙烯酸酯、聚十甲基丙烯酸酯之彈性 料，則可提高透明有機物介質層對衝擊之緩衝作用 有機物介質層之彈性範圍，依據橡膠硬度測定之規; JIS K 6253之Durometer A型硬度計測定，較好爲 至硬度30。又更好自硬度10至硬度30。未滿硬度 若貼附有保護面板之液晶顯示裝置長期放置在5 0〜 二乙二 羥基環 例爲乙 端具有 胺基己 於末端 二酸、 具有羧 四酸酐 之化合 四甲氧 砂院、 甲氧基 基三乙 乙氧基 丙烯酸 高的材 。透明 各 硬度〇 5時， 7 0°C 之 -75- 200915249 高溫下，則有保護面板會有若干偏移之疑慮。又當超過硬 度3 0時，有對衝擊之緩衝效果降低之傾向。 至於熱可塑性樹脂舉例爲聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯/丙烯酸 樹脂、丙烯酸樹脂、聚酯樹脂、聚丙烯、聚異丁烯等。該 等藉由加溫至其Tg以上使之液狀化後可易於塡充。 再者，貼附保護面板時注入透明有機物介質後，有氣 泡殘留之情況下，可以高壓釜等裝置加壓、或者加壓•加 熱、以振動器等賦予振動、藉由抽氣進而去除氣泡。 於使氣泡更易於排除而言，較好提高透明有機物介質 接觸部分之濡濕性。具體之面爲保護面板、偏光板、抗反 射膜、液晶面板之與透明有機物介質之接觸面。若提高表 面濡濕性，則由於’透明有機物介質比空氣更易於附著， 其結果可易於排除氣泡。濡濕性之具體條件係以水爲基準 考量，與水之接觸角較好在2 0 °以下。若如此則大體上可 充塡入有機物且大體上不充塡入氣泡。就更確實抑制氣泡 而言，較好與水之接觸角在10°以下。 又，當框被覆在圖像顯示面之情況，可藉由使用透明 構件而抑制圖像邊緣因框而無法被看到。於框未被覆圖像 顯示面之情況，則沒有必要爲透明。此情況下爲了使影像 清晰感變高’較好爲黑色框。又透明有機物介質層2之大 小如圖3 0之（a )( b )般比偏光板、液晶面板大也無 妨。 爲了使透明有機物介質層2之厚度爲一定，有使用直 徑與圖3 1所示之目標厚度大致相同之透明粒子（層厚控 -76- 200915249 制粒子）3 3之方法。於預定充塡透明有機物介質之空隙 間，可以不使該粒子重疊之方式預先置入，隨後充塡透明 有機物介質。藉此透明有機物介質層之厚度可藉該粒子控 制在目標厚度。該粒子記載爲層厚控制粒子。 又，如圖3 1所示，層厚控制粒子3 3即使混合於透明 有機物介質中而充塡亦可控制層厚。 又，由於濾色片中使用之顏料使光源之光散射，該散 射光於黑色顯示時之光洩漏而有對比度降低之問題，但以 透明有機物介質層中含有可吸收散射光之色素（於可見光 領域有吸收之化合物），則可抑制對比度之降低。又，液 晶顯示裝置於黑色顯示時，色調帶有藍色。此係由於在 400〜4 5 0 nm波長帶域之光洩漏比其他波長領域更強所 致。因此，藉由於透明有機物介質層中含有可吸收400〜 450 nm光之色素時，可抑制黑色顯示時之藍色，且亦可使 黑色更鮮明的顯示。又並不限於色素，無機物或金屬之奈 米粒子因量子尺寸效應亦有吸收光之效果。 (6 )抗反射膜 抗反射膜由於位在液晶顯示裝置之圖像顯示面之最外 表面，故最外表面期待爲耐摩擦性高者。又亦有必要抑制 因靜電而附著塵埃等。因此’其材質較好以比有機物具更 低帶電性之無機物爲主之構件所構成。又由於放置於空氣 中’因此以不受到氧氣之氧化影響或已被氧化之構件較 佳。又如前述由意圖防止保護面板構件因衝擊引起碎片飛 -77- 200915249 散觀之理由，亦較好爲形成爲薄膜狀者。 多層抗反射膜係藉由高折射率之氧化錐（折射率約 2.1左右）、低折射率之氟化鎂（折射率約1.38)、顯示 折射率在此等之間之氧化矽（折射率約1.5左右）等組合 而形成。此時由於抗反射膜之鉛筆硬度係高如保護面板爲 玻璃時之8〜9H左右，因此實用上亦具有高耐摩擦性而較 好。 單層抗反射膜時其必須爲比基板折射率更低之膜。作 爲此種膜較好爲由鉛筆硬度高之無機氧化物所形成者，尤 其適合者爲無機氧化物中折射率較低之氧化矽或具有水解 性殘基之矽化合物爲基質之多孔性（內部具有空隙）之氧 化矽膜。其中最好爲氧化矽溶膠。氧化矽微粒子與氧化矽 溶膠係分散、溶解於水或醇系溶劑中。在保護面板上塗佈 該等混合物之抗反射膜形成用塗料後，藉由加速加熱，使 溶劑急速氣化而於膜內部產生氣泡。以此狀態固化結束後 會形成膜內仍保有空隙之膜。由於空隙之折射率大約爲 1 .0，因此內部保有空隙之膜之折射率比沒有空隙之膜 低。因此作爲如上述之單層抗反射膜而發揮機能。 以前述具有水解性殘基之矽化合物之一之氧化矽溶膠 舉例顯示抗反射膜之製法。該等爲可經由加熱轉變成氧化 矽之物質。由於所形成之氧化矽透明性高，故光透過性 高。至於製備氧化矽溶膠時所用之四烷氧基矽烷可舉例爲 四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、四丙氧基矽烷、四異丙氧 基矽烷、四異丁氧基矽烷、四丁氧基矽烷等。除此之外可 -78- 200915249 舉例有具有氯基替代烷氧基矽烷基之矽化合物， 氯化矽等。 至於除矽溶膠以外之具有水解性殘基之矽化 四烷氧基矽烷以外，亦包含具有胺基或氯基、锍 合物。具體而言舉例爲3-胺基丙基三乙氧基矽娱 丙基三甲氧基矽烷、N-( 2-胺基乙基）-3-胺基丙 基矽烷、3 -氯丙基三甲氧基矽烷、3 -氯丙基甲基 矽烷、3 -锍基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧 乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、3 -縮水甘油氧基丙基三 烷、3 -縮水甘油氧丙基甲基二甲氧基矽烷、3 -甲 氧基丙基三甲氧基矽烷等。 至於無機氧化物微粒子舉例爲氧化矽、氧化 鈦、氧化姉等之無色或白色微粒子。顆粒大小就 坦性之觀點而言，粒子之短軸較好在平均膜厚以 述中就易於獲得低折射率膜之觀點而言，較適合 率較低之氧化矽（折射率約1 . 5〜1 . 7 )、氧化鋁 約1.7〜1.9)等。尤其更適合爲折射率低之氧 子。 氧化矽微粒子之粒徑較好爲不會使入射至膜 光（波長380〜760 nm)散射之平均粒徑100 nm (7 )抗眩膜 抗眩膜係藉由在表面上設置細微凹凸且使膜 微粒子，而可抑制在明亮場所時於畫面上產生映 舉例如四 合物，除 基等之化 :、3 -胺基 基三甲氧 二甲氧基 基矽烷、 甲氧基矽 基丙烯醯 鋁、氧化 提高膜平 下。又上 者爲折射 (折射率 化矽微粒 內之可見 以下。 內部含有 入周圍景 -79- 200915249 色者。其原理爲表面凹凸或者膜內部之微粒子使射向畫面 之光散射，其結果可抑制影像映入。 使用抗眩膜之際，形成之表面凹凸尺寸、每單位面積 之凹凸數、或內部粒子之添加比例，可依據所添加之粒子 尺寸適當選擇。 抗眩膜可使用氧化矽微粒子與具有水解性殘基之矽化 合物，與上述抗反射膜同樣地形成。 (8 )撥液層 使用如上述抗反射膜之具有水解性之矽化合物製膜 者，其表面濡濕性高且難以去除所附著之污物。亦即防污 性低。因此經由在其表面上形成由具有撥液性之含氟化合 物構成之層，可提高表面之防污性。但由具有撥液性之含 氟化合物構成之層之厚度會降低所形成之抗反射膜之抗反 射效果，因此有必要製爲極薄之膜。所以，本發明較好使 用具有可與末端羥基等鍵結之烷氧基矽烷基之氟聚醚鏈、 或具有氟烷基鏈之化合物。氟聚醚鏈及氟聚烷基鏈未必以 氟取代聚醚基及烷基之全部氫原子，但特佳爲以氟取代全 部氫原子所成之具有全氟聚醚鏈、全氟烷基鏈之化合物。 因此所形成之膜基本上用以成爲單分子膜之膜厚爲數 ，大致上不會改變抗反射性能。 (a )撥液劑之化學構造等 作爲撥液劑具體而言係使用例如下式所示之化合物 -80- 200915249 (1 )〜（4 )，使之結合於抗反射膜上。 [F{CF(CF3)-CF20}n_CF(CF3)]-X-Si(0R)3 {F(CF2CF2CF20)n}-X-Si(0R)3 {H(CF2)n}-Y-Si(OR)3 {F(CF2)n}-Y-Si(OR)3 化合物(1) 化合物(2) 化合物(3) 化合物(4) (X爲氟聚醚鏈與烷氧基矽烷殘基之鍵結部位；γ爲 氟烷基鏈與烷氧基矽烷殘基之鍵結部位；R爲烷基；η爲 1以上之整數）。 該等化合物並非完全被覆在抗反射膜表面上，而是以 像草一樣之方式，以生成氟聚醚鏈或氟烷基鏈般之狀態結 合。由於以抗反射膜表面未完全被覆之方式進行該方法後 膜亦不會成爲高電阻，因此不易帶電且不易附著塵埃等。 再者因爲於表面上形成該等氟聚醚鏈或氟烷基鏈，故亦提 高表面之潤滑性。因此，可減緩因摩擦引起表面之物理損 傷，且形成耐摩擦性高之表面。 由上述，就意圖維持除抗污性以外之表面之低電阻、 提高耐摩擦性之觀點而言，於形成撥液層之際，可有利地 使用末端具有烷氧基矽烷基之氟聚醚或氟烷基化合物之方 法。下列顯示撥液劑之具體構造例（化合物1〜1 2 )。 -81 - 200915249 [化9] F{CF(CF3)-CF2〇ln—CF(CF3)—CONH-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3 化合物1 F{CF(CF3) - C F20}n - CF(CF3) - CONH - (CH2)3 - Si(〇CH3)3 化合物2 F{CF2CF2CF20}n—CF2CF2-CONH—(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3 化合物3 -82- 200915249 [化 ι〇] F{CF2CF2CF20}n-CF2CF2-C0NH-(CH2)3-Si(0CH3)3 化合物4 H(CF2)6-CONH-(CH2)3-Sj(OCH2CH3)3 化合物5 H(CF2)6 - CONH—(CH2)3 - Si(OCH3〉3 化合物6 H(CF2)8-CONH—(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3 化合物7 H(CF2)e—CONH—(CH2)3 — Si(OCH3)3 化合物8 F(CF2)e - (CH2)2 - Si(OCH3)3 化合物9 F(CF2)8—(CH2)2—Si(OCH3)3 化合物10 -83- 200915249 [化η] F(C f2)6 - (C h2)2 - S»(OCH2CH3)3 化合物11 F(CF2)8 - (CH2)2 - Si(OCH2CH3)3 化合物12 該等化合物1〜8係末端爲羧基之氟聚 氟烷基化合物以亞硫醯氯等予以氯甲醯化後 基之三烷氧基矽烷化合物形成醯胺鍵而獲得 12之化合物名分別爲111,111，2^1，211-全氟辛 烷、111，111，211,211-全氟辛基三乙氧基矽烷、 全氟癸基三甲氧基矽烷、1H,1H，2H,2H-全氟 矽烷，由HYDRUS化學公司銷售。 又其他市售材料舉例爲大金工業公司I DSX。又化合物1〜4爲氟鏈係全氟聚醚’ 之化合物形成之撥液膜之特徵爲長期（1〇〇〇 水以外之食用油等之中撥水性亦幾乎不會降· 以下）’就防污性方面而言爲有利。該等化 式表示則爲如下。 上述化合物（1 )〜（4 )中，以化合物 最佳。 化合物5〜1 2若長期（1 〇 〇 〇小時）浸漬 與水之接觸角自浸漬前（約110。）降低至與 醚化合物，或 ，與末端爲胺 。化合物9〜 基三甲氧基矽 1 H，1H，2H，2H-癸基三乙氧基 ί造之 OPTUL 由具有此氟鏈 小時）浸漬在 S (降低量5 ° 合物若以一般 (1 )〜（2 ) 在食用油中， 基材之接觸角 -84- 200915249 大致相同之水準。 (b )撥液膜形成方法 使用末端具有烷氧基矽烷之氟聚醚化合物或氟院 化合物之撥液膜形成方法如下所述。 首先使末端具有烷氧基矽烷基之氟聚醚化合物或 基化合物溶解於溶劑中。濃度雖可隨塗佈方法而異， 槪在0.01〜1.0重量％左右。由於焼氧基砂焼會因爲 中之水份或自空氣溶入溶劑中之水份而慢慢水解，因 劑需經脫水，較好選擇氟系溶劑般之難以溶解水者。 溶劑具體而言可舉例爲3M公司之FC-72、FC-77 5060、 PF-5080、 HFE-7100、 HFE-7200 > 杜邦公司製 Vertrel XF等。如此調製溶解有氟聚醚化合物或氟烷 合物之液體（後文稱爲撥液處理劑）。 接著在抗反射膜表面上塗佈撥液處理劑。塗佈方 使用浸漬塗佈、旋轉塗佈等常用之塗佈方法。塗佈撥 理劑之後，予以加熱。加熱爲使烷氧基矽烷殘基與表 羥基等形成鍵結之必要條件，且通常係在1 20°C下歷 分鐘左右，在l〇〇t下進行5分鐘左右即已完成。在 下則進行20分鐘左右。可在常溫下進行但需要相當 時間。 最後以氟系溶劑洗滌表面，去除剩餘之撥液劑而 撥液處理。洗滌時使用之溶劑可使用撥液處理劑之說 提示之溶劑。 氧基 氟烷 但大 溶劑 此溶 氟系 、PF-造之 基化 法係 液處 面之 時 1 9 0°C 長的 完成 明中 -85- 200915249 以下將藉由實施例對本發明更具體加以說明，但本發 明並不限定於下列實施例。 [實施例1] (透明有機物之合成） 於附有冷卻管、溫度計、攪拌裝置、滴加漏斗及氮氣 注入管之反應容器中注入100重量份之丙烯酸2-乙基己 酯、80重量份之甲苯’一邊以1〇〇毫升/分鐘之體積通入 氮氣氣泡，一邊藉由滴下而添加溶解於20重量份甲苯中 之〇 . 5重量份偶氮雙異丁腈。滴加結束後，在7 0 °C下進行 聚合反應歴時2小時。隨後，去除甲苯獲得重量平均分子 量20萬之丙烯酸2-乙基己酯聚合物。 添加所得之丙烯酸2 -乙基己酯聚合物49.5重量份， 丙烯酸2 -乙基己酯49.5重量份、1.0重量份之l，6 -己二醇 二丙烯酸酯、0.5重量份之IRGACURE 184(Ciba特用化 學品股份有限公司商品名），攪拌成均一溶液（黏度290 0 mPas · s )，獲得液狀透明有機物介質。 (液晶顯示裝置之製備） 將氣孔率（空隙率）爲89%、厚度1 mm之連續氣泡 聚乙烯醇海綿（製品名；Pelarin D-l，AION股份有限公 司製）控空裁剪成寬度4 mm、內部尺寸30 mmx40 mm、 外部尺寸3 8 m m X 4 8 m m之框材以比玻璃板框材更向外側 10 mm之方式固定而水平靜置於保護面板[厚度2 mm之玻 -86- 200915249 璃板（4 0 m m x 5 0 m m )]上，於框更內側之大約中心部分 以手動佈膠器注入1.7毫升之上述液狀透明有機物介質。 透明有機物介質展開成圓形，以一部分接觸框材之滲入狀 態，於其上重疊放置液晶顯示用面板（35 mmx45 mm)， 並使液態透明有機物介質藉由液晶顯示用面板本身之重量 壓在玻璃板上而展開，而充塡於玻璃板與液晶面板及框材 間形成之空間內。此時，上述液狀透明有機物介質係滲入 框材四周。隨後，使用紫外線照射裝置，以2 J/cm2之紫 外線自玻璃板側照射，使亦包含含浸於框材之部分之透明 有機物介質硬化並固體化，獲得液晶顯示裝置。固化後之 透明有機物介質之全光線透過率爲9 1 %。 但，此時，由於 V^l .2ml，Vf=0.62ml，R = 89%， Vi+Vfx(R/100)=1.76ml ，故充塡量 L=1.7ml 係在1.4 - Butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1: hexyl dimethanol, 2-methyl-1,8-octanediol, 1,9- Decanediol, 3-E 1.5 -pentanediol, poly-1,2-butanediol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, ethylene glycol-propylene glycol, block copolymer, ethylene glycol-tetramethylene Copolymer, methyl pentanediol modified polytetramethylene glycol, propylene glycol modified polymethylene glycol, bisphenol A propylene oxide adduct, hydrogenated double propylene oxide adduct, double a propylene oxide adduct of phenol F, a propylene oxide adduct of hydrogenated F, etc.; a polyisocyanate having toluene diisomethyl polyethyl glyceryl methyl ester; a saturated; a polyol, an acid or a specific alcohol, 4-cyclo[3-based diol diphenolic phenol A bisphenol cyanate-29- 200915249 ester, xylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexyl diisocyanate, trimethyl hexamethylene Isocyanate, tetramethylbenzene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, hydrogenated toluene diester, hydrogenated xylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated diphenylmethane cyanate, norbornyl 2 The cyanate ester diisocyanate, and further said urea-modified cyanate ester polymer of the diisocyanate or diisocyanate diisocyanate, modified shrinking like. The hydroxy group-containing compound obtained by excessively reacting a polyhydric alcohol in such a polyurethane can be obtained by reacting with acrylic acid or methacrylic acid to obtain a bis(meth) acrylate of a urethane. (e) a compound obtained by reacting a polyurethane with a hydroxyl group and a reactive double bond; in detail, the polyol which is a polyurethane and the polyisocyanate compound are the same as described above. The compound having an isocyanate group at the end of the polyisocyanate in excess reaction with a polyisocyanate can be made into a polyamino ester having a reactive double bond at the terminal by reacting with a compound having a hydroxyl group and a reactive bond. As the compound having a hydroxyl group and a reactive double bond, there are acryl ethyl ester, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol monoacrylate, and polypropylene monoacrylate. , ethylene glycol-propylene glycol, block copolymer monoacrylate, ethylene dimethylene glycol copolymer monoacrylate, caprolactone modified monopropene (trade name: Blackcel FA series, manufactured by Diacell Chemical Co., Ltd.), Acrylic acid derivative such as tetraol triacrylate; 2-hydroxymethylene dimethic acid dimethicone methacrylate with upper diurea end obtained by polymerizing raw material, dicarboxylic acid 2-hydroxy enoic acid diol - four Acid ester pentyl ethylene-30- 200915249 ester, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-propyl methacrylate, methyl propyl acid 4-butyl butyl methacrylate, monomethyl methacrylate Ester, polypropylene glycol monomethacrylate, ethylene glycol-propylene glycol, block copolymer monomethacrylate, ethylene glycol-tetramethylene glycol copolymer monomethacrylate, caprolactone modified Monomethacrylate (trade name Blackcel FM series, Diacel A methacrylic acid derivative such as a chemical company or a pentaerythritol trimethacrylate. From the viewpoint of the toughness of the cured product, as the high molecular weight crosslinking agent, a di(meth)acrylate of a polyurethane and a polyurethane having a terminal double bond are preferably used. In particular, the reactive double bond is based on a (meth) acrylonitrile group. Furthermore, in these, the diol component of the better polyurethane is composed of polypropylene glycol, and it is particularly preferable to use a diol component of polypropylene glycol and a diisocyanate component of isophorone diisocyanate. Amino acid esters. When the compatibility between the polymer and the high molecular weight crosslinking agent is low, when the amount of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent is large, the cured product becomes cloudy, but the use of the alkylene glycol in the raw material of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent can be improved. The compatibility with the polymer, without being affected by the amount of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent, still retains transparency. Further, by using a high molecular weight crosslinking agent, it is possible to prevent the hardened material from becoming brittle and the adhesive force from becoming too low even when a large amount is used. Thereby, the amount of the crosslinking agent used can be increased, and the change in the properties of the cured product due to the error in the preparation can be suppressed. As the synthesis method of the high molecular weight crosslinking agent, known polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, and emulsion polymerization can be used. These high molecular weight crosslinking agents may be used singly or in combination of two or more to use -31 - 200915249. In the present invention, as the reactive compound, in addition to the above acrylic derivative, a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule such as acrylonitrile, styrene, vinyl acetate, ethylene or propylene can be used. Further, as the compound other than the acrylic derivative, a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds (divinylbenzene or the like) in the molecule may be used. In the above, in order to obtain the effect of the present invention, the amount of the compound other than the acrylic derivative is preferably 90% by weight or less, more preferably 50% by weight or less, particularly preferably 〇, of the total amount of the reactive compound used. ~20% by weight. Further, the amount of the compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule is preferably from 0.01 to 70% by weight, more preferably from 0 to 1 to 50% by weight, based on the total amount of the reactive compound to be used. When it exceeds 70% by weight, there is a tendency that the transparent resin layer is easily broken under impact. Further, a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule is used in addition to the above-mentioned high molecular weight crosslinking agent (particularly, a monomer, a low molecular weight oligomer), and is used in comparison with the total amount of the reactive compound used. It is preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight. If more than 1% by weight is used, the transparent resin layer tends to be broken under impact. The acrylic derivative polymer of the present invention is obtained by polymerizing a compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in a molecule in an acrylic acid derivative, and a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule can also be used. . The weight average molecular weight (measured by a gel permeation chromatograph using a calibration line of standard styrene) is preferably 1 0 0, 0 0 0 to 7 0 0, 0 0 0, more preferably -32- 200915249 1 5 0,000 to 400,000, and more preferably 200,000 to 3 5 0, 〇〇〇. The acrylic derivative polymer may also be a polymer obtained by polymerizing a compound other than the acrylic derivative. As the polymerization method of the above reactive compound, a known polymerization method such as solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization or bulk polymerization can be used. In the polymerization of the above reactive compound, any of a photopolymerization initiator and a thermal polymerization initiator may be used as a polymerization initiator, and may be used in combination. Further, a polymerization initiator may be used in the case of polymerization by electron beam irradiation or the like. That is, the hardening reaction can be carried out by a hardening reaction by irradiation with an active energy ray, a hardening reaction by heat, or the like. The active energy ray refers to ultraviolet rays, electron beams, alpha rays, beta rays, gamma rays, and the like. These methods can also be utilized in the synthesis of the above acrylic derivative polymer. The photopolymerization initiator may be a material selected from the group consisting of a benzophenone system, an anthraquinone system, a benzoin system, an onium salt, a diazo iron salt, and a gun salt. These are especially sensitive to UV light. The photopolymerization initiator described above is more specifically exemplified by diphenyl styrene, hydrazine, Ν'-tetramethyl-4,4'-diaminobenzophenone (Michler's copper), n, N_tetraethyl -4,4'-diaminobenzophenone, 4-methoxy-4'-dimethylaminobenzophenone, α-hydroxyphenylisobutyl ketone, 2-ethyl hydrazine, Tributylphosphonium, 1,4-dimethylhydrazine, 1-chloroindole, 2,3-dichloropurine, 3-chloro-2-methylpyridyl, 1,2-benzopyrene, 2 -Phenylhydrazine, 1,4-naphthalene, 9, (; 〇_phenanthrene, thioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2,2-dimethoxy- 1,2-diphenylethan-1-one, 2-oxo-2-methylphenylpropene. -33- 200915249 Aromatic ketone compounds such as ketones, benzoin, methyl benzoin, a benzoin compound such as ethyl benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isobutyl ether, benzoin phenyl ether, etc., benzyl group , 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, benzyldimethylketone, β-(acridin-9-yl)acrylic acid ester compound, 9-phenyl acridine, 9-pyridyl acridine, 1 7-dipyridinyl Acridine compound of alkane, etc., 2-(o-chlorophenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2-(o-chlorophenyl)-4,5-di(m-methoxy) Phenyl)imidazole dimer, 2-(o-fluorophenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2-(o-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazole Polymer, 2-(p-methoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazole dimer, 2,4-di(p-methoxyphenyl)-5-phenylimidazole dimer , 2-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazolium dimer, 2-(p-methylmercaptophenyl)-4,5-diphenylimidazolium 2,4,5-triaryldione dimer, etc., 2-benzyl-2-dimethylamino-1-(4-morpholinylphenyl)-1-butanone, 2-methyl 1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholinyl-1-propane, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene)-phenylphosphine oxide, Oligomer (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-(1-methylvinyl)phenyl)acetone), etc. In addition, it is preferred that the resin composition is not colored, preferably 1-hydroxyl Cyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl-propan-1-one ' 1-[4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-phenyl]-2-hydroxy-2- Methyl-1-propan-1-one An α-hydroxyphenyl ketone compound, bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene)-phenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzylidene)-2, 4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide, fluorenylphosphine oxide compound such as 2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene-diphenylphosphine oxide Base-2-mercapto-1-(4-(1-methylethyl)-34- 200915249 phenyl)acetone) and combinations thereof. Further, in order to prepare a particularly thick sheet, it is preferred to use bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene)-phenylphosphine oxide, bis(2,6-dimethoxybenzamide). Light of a fluorenylphosphine oxide compound such as 2,4,4-trimethyl-pentylphosphine oxide or 2,4,6-trimethylbenzylidene-diphenylphosphine oxide Polymerization initiator. Further, in order to reduce the odor of the sheet, oligomer (2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-(methyl)phenyl)acetone) is preferred. These photopolymerization initiators may also be used in combination of plural kinds. The thermal polymerization initiator is an initiator which generates a radical by heat, and specifically exemplified by benzamidine peroxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, cumene hydroperoxide or peroxydicarbonate. Propyl ester, di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate, di(2-ethoxyethyl) peroxydicarbonate, tert-butyl peroxy neodecanoate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate Ester, (3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) peroxide, dipropyl decyl peroxide, diethyl peroxide-based organic peroxide. Further, there are listed 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2,-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile), 1,1'-azobis(cyclohexane-1-carbonyl) , 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-4-methoxyvaleronitrile), 2,2 '-Azobis(2-methylpropionic acid) dimethyl ester, 4,4'-azobis(4-cyanovaleric acid), 2,2'-azobis(2-hydroxymethylpropanenitrile) An azo compound like 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]. The liquid transparent organic medium of the present invention and the transparent transparent organic medium using the same preferably have a visible light transmittance of 80% or more. The liquid transparent organic medium in the present invention preferably contains the following resin composition of -35 to 200915249: acrylic derivative polymer 1 〇 〜 80 parts by weight of a propylene acid derivative (in which the molecule has a polymerizable unsaturated bond compound) 15 to 89.49 parts by weight and an acrylic derivative (a compound having two polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule) or a polymer crosslinking agent 0 · 5 to 50 parts by weight and further The polymerization initiator 可调. 〇 1 to 5 parts by weight is preferably used in an amount of 1 part by weight based on the total amount of the above components. Here, each component can be used as described above. The polymerization initiator in the present invention may use a photopolymerization initiator or a thermal polymerization initiator. In the above formulation, when the photopolymerization initiator is used as the polymerization initiator, the amount thereof is preferably from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, and when the thermal polymerization initiator is used as the polymerization initiator, the amount thereof is preferably 〇. When the photopolymerization initiator is used in combination with the thermal polymerization initiator, it is preferably used in an amount within the same amount. The liquid transparent organic medium in the present invention preferably contains the following: 15 to 60 parts by weight of the acrylic derivative polymer, preferably 3 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 40 to 60 parts by weight, 39 to 84 _ 99 parts by weight of the acrylic derivative (the compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the molecule), preferably 39 to 69 parts by weight, more preferably 3 9 to 5 9 parts by weight, and 〇 5 to 5 0 by weight The acrylic derivative (the compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule of -36 to 200915249) or the high molecular weight crosslinking agent is preferably from 1 to 40 parts by weight. Further, the polymerization initiator may be contained in an amount of preferably 0.01 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, particularly preferably 5 to 2 parts by weight (photopolymerization initiator is preferably 0). 1 to 5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 3 parts by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 2 parts by weight, still more preferably 0.01 to 1 part by weight, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5 part by weight, of photopolymerization of the thermal polymerization initiator When the initiator and the thermal polymerization initiator are used, they are preferably used in the respective ranges. The above components are preferably used in a total amount of 1 part by weight. The acrylic derivative polymer is preferably an acrylic derivative copolymer described below. The copolymer is such that 50 to 87% by weight (preferably, 60 to 70% by weight) of an alkyl acrylate having an alkyl group number of 4 to 18 (hereinafter referred to as hydrazine monomer) and 13 to 50% by weight (preferably) 30 to 40% by weight of a hydroxy group-containing acrylate represented by the following formula (I) (hereinafter referred to as hydrazine monomer) is polymerized: [Chemical 8] CH2 = CHCOO(CmH2mO)nH (I) (However, m is 2, 3 or 4, and η is an integer of 1 to 10). The compound having one polymerizable unsaturated bond in the above molecule is preferably a compound having one propylene fluorenyl group in the molecule, and the compound preferably has a ratio of A Α monomer to 50 to 87% by weight ( Preferably, 6 0 to 7 0 - 37 - 200915249 % by weight) and the ratio of the HA monomer is 13 to 50% by weight (particularly 30 to 40% by weight). Further, it is preferable that the ratio of the HA monomer (P% by weight) in the copolymer to the ratio of the HA monomer in the compound having one propylene group in the molecule (μ% by weight) is adjusted to satisfy the following relationship: 8 芸(p-Μ) S 8 When (P-Μ) does not satisfy the above formula, the impact absorbing material of the present invention is liable to become cloudy when hardened. In the above copolymer and the monomer having one propylene fluorenyl group, when the AA monomer (and the HA monomer) is in the above ratio, the conditions are usually satisfied. Examples of the above AA monomer include n-butyl acrylate, n-amyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, and acrylic acid. The lipid ester is preferably n-butyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate or n-octyl acrylate, preferably ethylhexyl acrylate. Further, these acrylates may be used in combination of two or more. The above HA monomer may, for example, be 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 1-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 1-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, a hydroxy group-containing acrylate such as 3-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate or 1-hydroxybutyl acrylate; polyethylene glycol monoacrylate such as diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or three Polypropylene glycol monoacrylate such as propylene glycol, polybutylene glycol monoacrylate such as dibutyl-38-200915249 alcohol or tributyl glycol, preferably 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 1-hydroxyethyl acrylate, acrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl ester, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate '1-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 1-hydroxybutyl acrylate, preferably It is 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate. Further, these acrylates may be used in combination of two or more kinds. The weight average molecular weight of the copolymer obtained by polymerizing the AA monomer and the HA monomer in the present invention (measured by a gel permeation chromatography using a calibration line of standard polystyrene, the same applies hereinafter) is preferably 1 0 0 . , 0 0 0~7 0 0, 0 0 0 , preferably 150,000 to 400,000, preferably 200,000 to 350,000. As the synthesis method of the copolymer, a known polymerization method such as solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization or bulk polymerization can be used, but it is preferably a solution polymerization or a bulk polymerization. As the polymerization initiator, a compound which generates a radical by heat can be used, and specifically, for example, benzammonium peroxide, a third butyl perbenzoate, a cumene peroxide, a peroxydicarbonate Isopropyl ester, di-n-propyl peroxydicarbonate, di(2-ethoxyethyl) peroxydicarbonate, tert-butyl peroxy neodecanoate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate Ester, (3,5,5-trimethylhexyl) peroxide, dipropyl decyl peroxide, diethyl hydrazine peroxide, di-dodecyl peroxide, organic peroxidation Or 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile, 2,2'-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile), :1,1'-azobis(cyclohexane-1-carbonyl) , 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis(2,4-dimethyl-4-methoxyvaleronitrile), 2,2 '-Azobis(2-methylpropionic acid) dimethyl ester, 4,4'-azobis-39- 200915249 (4-cyanovaleric acid), 2,2,-azobis(2-hydroxyl An azo compound such as methacrylonitrile or 2,2,-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]. The above acrylic derivative polymer or acrylic derivative copolymer can be preferably used for improving mechanical properties. Further, hardening shrinkage can be suppressed by using the above copolymer. An acrylic derivative (a compound in which one polymerizable unsaturated bond is contained in the molecule or a compound having one propylene group in the molecule) can be used to adjust the viscosity of the composition. In order to maintain the shape of the cured product of the composition, an acrylic derivative (a compound having two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the molecule or a compound having two or more acrylonitrile groups in the molecule) is preferably used. Further, in the case of the 'acrylic derivative copolymer and the compound containing one propylene fluorenyl group in the above molecule, when the AA monomer is too large and the HA monomer is too small, the cured product tends to become cloudy when it absorbs moisture, and conversely, if the HA monomer is When the amount is too large and the AA monomer is too small, it is easy to deform the hardened material of the impact absorbing material related to the present invention when moisture is absorbed. When the amount of the right polymerization initiator is too small, the reaction does not proceed sufficiently. On the contrary, if a large amount of the polymerization initiator remains, the optical properties or mechanical properties may occur. Further, in the case where the composition is cured by electron beam irradiation, a photopolymerization initiator can also be used. The above-mentioned acrylic derivative (a compound in which two or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds are contained in the molecule) is also preferably a compound having two or more acrylonitrile groups as a polymerizable unsaturated bond. As the compound having two or more acrylonitrile groups in the molecule, for example, -40 to 200915249 bisphenol A diacrylate, i,4-butanediol diacrylate, hydrazine, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, 1, 9-decanediol diacrylate, hydrazine, 3 - butanediol diacrylate, monoethyl alcohol monoacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, glycerol monoacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, polyethylene Alcohol diacrylate 'polypropanol monoacrylate, polytetramethylene glycol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, tris(oxyethyl)isoureganate, pentaerythritol IV Acrylate monomers such as acrylate, dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, etc., epoxy acrylate, polyester acrylate, urethane acrylate, acryl acrylate, etc. Acrylic oligomer, preferably 1,6-hexanol dipropionate, 1,9-nonanediol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polypropylene glycol dipropylene Diacrylate such as dilute acid ester. Further, those having two or more acrylonitrile groups may be appropriately selected from the compounds having two polymerizable unsaturated bonds in the above other molecules. The above high molecular weight crosslinking agent also preferably has an acrylonitrile group as a polymerizable unsaturated bond. The liquid transparent organic medium of the present invention particularly preferably comprises: the acrylic derivative derivative 15 to 60 parts by weight of an acrylic derivative (a compound having one propylene group in the molecule) 39 to 84.2 parts by weight of acrylic acid a derivative (a compound having two or more acrylonitrile groups in the molecule) or a high molecular weight crosslinking agent ο]~ parts by weight and -41 - 200915249 photopolymerization initiator 0 · 3 to 3 parts by weight and the above copolymer system 50 to 87% by weight (particularly 60 to 70% by weight) of AA monomer and 13 to 50% by weight (particularly 30 to 40% by weight) of HA monomer are polymerized; and the above molecule has 1 The compound of the acrylonitrile group is such that the ratio of the AA monomer becomes 50 to 87% by weight (particularly 60 to 70% by weight) and the ratio of the ΗA monomer becomes 13 to 50% by weight (particularly 3 0~) 40% by weight of the method; the ratio of the HA monomer (P wt%) in the copolymer to the HA monomer ratio (M wt%) in the compound having one propylene fluorenyl group in the molecule is preferably blended For the following relationship, -8 S (PM) S 8. The above photopolymerization initiator can be used as described above. The photopolymerization initiator is preferably used in an amount of from 0.5 to 2 parts by weight. Further, a thermal polymerization initiator may be contained as needed. In the above compounding, the thermal polymerization initiator is preferably used in the range of 0 part by weight or less, more preferably 〇 by weight or 0. 5 parts by weight or less. The polymer crosslinking agent preferably has an acrylonitrile group as a polymerizable unsaturated bond. In the present invention, the liquid transparent organic medium preferably contains no non-reactive solvent. When the liquid transparent organic medium contains a non-reactive solvent, it is necessary to remove the transparent organic medium between the protective sheet and the liquid crystal panel by heating, pressurizing, degassing, drying, or the like. If it is not removed, the adhesion is lowered, and the long-term reliability is impaired. In the present invention, it is preferred to add an additive having the effect of defoaming -42 to 200915249 to the liquid transparent organic medium. Further, a surfactant which controls the wettability with the surface of the panel of the liquid crystal panel may be added. Also, a plasticizer can be added. The amount of the additives is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the disadvantages such as image display performance and reliability of the transparent organic medium disposed between the liquid crystal panels, and the protective panel or the transparent organic medium of the present invention is not particularly limited. From the viewpoints of heat stability, formability, and processability, it is also an antioxidant such as a phosphine-based or thioether-based compound; an aliphatic alcohol, a fatty acid ester, a triglyceride, a fluorine-based surfactant, and a high-grade fat; Salt release agent; other slip agent, plasticizer, antistatic agent, collector, flame retardant, heavy metal inactivator, alumina, magnesia, talc, barium citrate, barium sulfate, etc. It is used as a dye such as (Victoria Pure Blue) or a pigment such as indigo green. The liquid transparent organic medium can be closely disposed between the image plate and the protective panel to form a transparent material after the curing step. [Frame material] The frame material may be formed to have a size, a shape corresponding to the edge of the display portion of the display, and correspond to the thickness of the display panel and the protective partition, or may be formed into a sheet shape and perforated or framed. If it is framed, it can be used by cutting into a desired width and setting it to the length of the rim. It is also accompanied by the surface or the protection of the volatile small panel and the warranty panel. The phenolic acid ester, the fatty acid metal ultraviolet absorbing sand, and the oxidized basic blue color toner are displayed on the outside of the organic matter. The frame is cut into strips or strips to deform the frame -43- 200915249, if it is in the final product, it can be fixed at the required thickness. The required thickness represents the thickness of the protective panel and the image display panel. For example, it can also be used as a rubbery "sponge-like porous body". It can be dyed with a liquid transparent resin to be cured by multiple curing or hardening. However, the void ratio (R%) described in the deformation is the void ratio after deformation and compression. The weight of the plate itself or the frame (housing), the estimated deformation, rate determines the amount of liquid transparent organic medium. Depending on the thickness of the case, the frame material may be additionally used as a spacer which is not accompanied by deformation. Further, even if it is not formed into a sheet shape, the powdery material may be blended into a paste or ink having a high viscosity, for example, and applied to the edge (coated, dried) by a method such as printing. As for the material, it is possible to use a space which allows air to pass through, and the void is preferably distributed throughout the entire body. As for the frame material of the present invention, the amount of absorption is good, and the void ratio is preferably from 20 to 98%. It is 40 to 95%, preferably 50 to 95%. When the void ratio is less than the fat, the absorption capacity is lowered. When the content exceeds 98%, the frame material is easily broken. i By enclosing the outer capillary phenomenon as a frame material having a large number of voids, the liquid can be moved quickly without the need for decompression. Along with this, the air bubbles entrained in the transparent resin layer can move toward the outer peripheral portion and disappear from the identification portion. However, if the void ratio is the frame of the shape volume occupied by the frame material, the voids may also be matched (having a continuous pore body, and depending on the thickness or void of the protective surface, for fixing, it may be provided or liquid) Shaped oil-absorbing printing method or turning into a frame material to make a number of voids. In order to make the resin better void ratio of 20%, the tree 1Ϊ is not practical. The peripheral part, by the speed toward the outer peripheral part in a short time material (tree - 44- 200915249 A part other than grease, fiber, etc., that is, the proportion of the air portion in a general dry state. When the void means a fine structure (hole) constituting the porous body, it can be used as a device for measuring the same. The pore distribution measuring device is used. The device for measuring the pore diameter can be roughly classified into two types: a mercury intrusion type hole measuring instrument and a gas adsorption measuring device. The mercury intrusion type hole measuring instrument immerses the sample in mercury, and is added from the periphery. The pressure is measured by the nature of mercury immersed in a large hole. On the other hand, the gas adsorption measurement is performed by injecting a sample in a vacuum container together with a container by liquid nitrogen cooling. The nitrogen gas 'induced the physical adsorption of nitrogen gas on the surface of the sample to form a molecular layer' uses the nature of its rapid agglutination along the small pores to determine the pore distribution. (Jiushan Co., Ltd., Chemical Society 16 Science, co-author of the book 1 5 7 adsorption). Void means the gap between the gaps, such as when the fibers are bundled, the void ratio is the remaining volume from the bundled fiber minus the fiber volume (which can be determined by its weight and density) The ratio of the volume to the volume of the outer shape. As for the fiber bundle, the bundle may be a filament, a ribbon, or the like. The fiber may be partially fused to each other, and may be in the form of a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. It is possible to use the ability to absorb liquid transparent resin, for example, in the development of oil-absorbing materials (promulgated in May 1991, "Development and Application of Oil-absorbing Materials", published by CMC (share)) A member including an oil absorbing material such as an amorphous cerium oxide, a kapok fiber, a gelling agent, or an oil absorbing material is described. From the shape, a porous body of continuous bubbles can be exemplified. Materials, non-woven sheets, woven fabrics, etc. As a porous sheet of continuous bubbles, polyvinyl alcohol, polyamine-45 - 200915249 urethane, polypropylene, polyethylene, etc. are used for non-woven sheets or woven fabrics. The fibers used in the fiber are cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers. Examples of the cellulose fibers include cotton, pulp, enamel, copper fibers, cotton blended yarns, kapok fibers, etc., especially in terms of water absorption properties and price. Preferably, the pulp is exemplified by a kraft pulp (KP) obtained from a paper sheet of broadleaf trees, conifers, etc. Further, as the synthetic fiber, there are exemplified by polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, and polyphthalic acid. A polymer compound such as polyester, nylon or polyvinyl chloride which is composed of a vinegar or the like is preferably an olefin fiber or a polyester fiber in terms of safety, workability, and price. The method of disposing a frame material on an image display panel or a protective panel may be disposed on at least one of the surfaces of the panel to be opposite to the panel to be faced with the adhesive or adhesive. Wait until fixed. In order to prevent peeling from the interface, it is preferred to use a component similar to the transparent organic medium as an adhesive. The material used as the frame material may be prepared into a paste or ink form, for example, in a paste or ink form, even if it is not formed into a sheet shape, and coated on the outer peripheral portion by a printing method or a transfer method. And configured as a frame material. The frame material may be disposed between the image display panel and the protective panel to face the panels. When the frame material is disposed on the image display panel, it is preferably disposed on the transparent substrate. However, when the frame material is assembled into the frame material, it may be disposed on the frame body, and the setting position is preferably close to the image. The perimeter of the identification department. The shape of the frame material may also be formed by forming or punching the sheet shape to match the shape of the outer periphery of the panel for image display, or the strip shape may be cut into a plurality of sheets as needed to be arranged. The thickness of the frame material is preferably thicker than that of the transparent organic medium. However, when a cushioning material is used, it may be sandwiched in the panel and have a uniform thickness. The width of the frame material is 2 mm to 50 mm, which can be arbitrarily determined according to the spacing of the setting. <Manufacturing Method of Image Display Apparatus> An example of a method of manufacturing the image display apparatus of the present invention is shown in Fig. 3 . When the image display device of the present invention is produced, the organic medium 2 1 1 a is filled in a space surrounded by the liquid crystal panel 2 〇 6 or the cover and the frame member 210. The volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used below is set to V: the volume enclosed by the panel 206, the protective panel 2〇7, and the frame 210, and the frame void volume used in the manufacture of the image display device is set to V2°. V2 can be determined from the product of the frame material 21 (Vf) used in the production and the porosity (R%) thereof (VfxR/100). Moreover, although L can be a volume that covers less than the range of the transparent identification window, it is preferably V ! X 1 because there is no possibility of trapping bubbles.  1 or more. In the case of a display device, it can also be V! in principle. In addition, if it exceeds (Vi+Va), the liquid enamel material is cured from the frame material by the bleed resin, and the curable resin and thermoplasticity are adhered to the periphery thereof. The resin, the photocurable tree strip or the like is encapsulated to prevent leakage of the oozing resin. However, when L is equal to or lower than (Vl + v2), the liquid enthalpy is not self-equal. The amount of resin to be extruded or the pattern is transparent to the liquid I panel 207 L, and the volume between the liquid crystals 20 and 20 is only 210. Corresponding to the smaller to bring in. If there is precision, it will seep out. It is better to seal, grease and adhere. The way of seeping out the frame is -47- 200915249. Further, when the sheet-like transparent organic medium to be described later is used, the volume L of the liquid transparent organic medium is preferably subtracted from the sheet-like transparent organic substance accommodated in the space surrounded by the liquid crystal panel 6, the protective panel 7, and the frame member 10. The volume of the medium. In the manufacturing operation, the frame member 210 is provided on the protective panel 207, and the liquid enamel material 2 1 1 a is injected in a portion corresponding to the space surrounded by the protective panel 207 and the frame member 210. This implantation is preferably performed at the central portion of the protective panel 207 that forms part of the space 208. After the liquid enamel material 21 la is injected, the liquid crystal panel 206 is placed on the liquid enamel material 211a so as to be positioned at a specific position relative to the protective panel 207 or the frame material 2 10 before being completely extended. The liquid crystal panel 206 is placed at a specific position by pressing or by its own weight. As a result, the liquid transparent organic medium is pressed and expanded, and the air in the gap in the frame material is immersed while being pressed, and after the liquid crystal panel is placed at a specific position, it is cooled or solidified, or heated or illuminated. hardening. At this point, the transparent organic medium is adhered to the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207. As for the method of injecting the liquid transparent organic medium, for example, a method of using an automatic or manual dispenser, a method of dropping a certain amount from the discharge port toward the protective panel or the liquid crystal panel, or the like can be used. Further, in the present invention, a sheet-like transparent organic medium can also be used. As for the sheet-like transparent organic medium, it is possible to use a liquid transparent organic medium to be cured. In the method of producing a sheet-like transparent organic medium in the present invention, a polymer synthesized by thermal polymerization of bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, solution polymerization or the like can be applied by melt processing or melt casting. -48- 200915249 A conventionally known production method such as a method of forming a sheet or a method of producing a sheet by directly performing thermal polymerization or photopolymerization in a bulk or solution form. In particular, when a method of producing a sheet by thermal polymerization or photopolymerization in the form of a block or a solution is used, the weight average molecular weight of the (co)polymer (by a gel permeation chromatograph using a standard polystyrene calibration line) The measurer, hereinafter the same as the example, is 100, 〇〇〇~700,000, and the blending amount thereof is preferably in the range of 10 to 60% by weight. In the case of the copolymer originally contained, the weight average molecular weight of the copolymer is also included. As the method for synthesizing the (co)polymer, known polymerization methods such as solution polymerization, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and bulk polymerization can be used, but it is preferably solution polymerization or bulk polymerization. The composition of the liquid transparent organic medium and the sheet transparent organic medium may be the same or different. When the liquid transparent organic medium is finally solidified, the refractive index is different from that of the sheet transparent organic medium in the case of different compositions. The reflection at the interface causes the refractive index difference to be better.  2 or less. The sheet-like transparent organic medium is preferably attached to the protective panel side or the image display panel in advance. The sheet-like transparent organic medium is attached to the protective panel or the liquid crystal panel can be attached by a conventional method using a roll laminator or a one-piece laminator so that no air bubbles remain. When the sheet-like transparent organic medium is used, the volume ratio to the liquid transparent organic medium is not particularly limited. The thickness of the sheet-like transparent organic medium is not particularly limited as long as it does not exceed the thickness of the frame material, but if it is too thick, there is no space in which the liquid transparent organic medium enters, and it becomes difficult to eject the bubbles. -49 - 200915249 The area of the sheet-like transparent organic medium is preferably larger than the area of the image recognition surface from the viewpoint that the interface between the sheet-like crucible and the liquid crucible does not appear on the identification surface. The sheet-like enamel filler is preferably attached to either the protective panel or the image display panel or attached to both before the liquid transparent organic medium is unfolded, but may be applied to the single sheet or the two sheets. After the transparent organic medium is applied, it is placed thereon. That is, in order to prevent bubbles from entering the interface between the panels after the final bonding, it is preferable to interpose the liquid transparent organic medium at the interface. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display apparatus of the present invention when a sheet-like transparent organic medium is used. For practical dimensions, the length of the diagonal is from 2 吋 (about 50 mm) to 42 吋 (about 1050 mm). A frame material 210 is disposed between the liquid crystal panel 060 and the protective panel 207, and the solidified transparent organic medium 211a' and the sheet-like transparent organic substance filled with the liquid transparent organic medium are filled in the space thus separated. The transparent organic medium composed of the medium 211b is placed on the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207 in close contact with the transparent organic medium. The sheet-like transparent organic medium 21 lb may be a size which is smaller than the space size defined by the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207 and the frame 2 1 0 in order to be in close contact with the liquid crystal panel 206. The thickness of the sheet-like transparent organic medium 21 lb is smaller than the gap (thickness direction) between the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel 207, and the plane size is preferably smaller than the range surrounded by the frame material 210. The same applies to the case where the sheet-like transparent organic medium 2 1 1 b is previously provided on the protective panel 207. Similarly, in the case where the sheet-like transparent organic medium 2 1 1 b is provided on both the liquid crystal panel 205 and the protective panel 207, the total thickness of the sheet-like transparent organic medium is -50-200915249, and the thickness is smaller than the liquid crystal panel 206 and the protective panel. The direction of 207 is small, and the size of the individual planes is better than that of the frame material. The thickness is preferably 90% or less of the gap between the liquid crystal panels 2 0 6 . The case where the identification portion of the preferred flat protective panel plus the size of the frame portion is manufactured in the same manner as in the case of Fig. 3 described above. In the case of an organic medium, its thickness and size are the same as those of the liquid crystal. The liquid crystal panel and the image display panel are replaced by the image display panel of the present invention. After the image display panel or the protective panel transparent organic medium is provided, the other image display panel is mounted. Placed on it. In the present invention, the viscosity of the medium is preferably 10,000 mPa in terms of suppressing the incorporation of bubbles when the image display is overlapped. s The following measures (for example, the TV-33 made by Tokyo Keiki) can be measured as the liquid transparent organic substance when the liquid is unfolded without special pressure on the display panel or the protective panel itself. The viscosity of the medium is f mPa · s ° However, in any of the image panels provided with the frame material, the liquid transparent organic matter display panel or the protective panel may be placed thereon, in the panel Pressure. In this case, the concentration of the liquid to be unwound for this may be greater than the above, preferably 3,00 0~ by the image display panel or the protective panel itself: the gap between the two (thickness 2 1 0 The size of the enclosure and the size of the protection panel 207 i can be as long as it is below. Moreover, the case of using the sheet-like transparent display device can be read. In the method, as described above, the panel for injection or protection is used. Face panel and protective panel, liquid transparent organic (by E-type viscosity, at a temperature of 2 5 t, used to transparent organic medium by means of a picture! 500~5, 〇〇〇 display panel or after quality assurance , will be another figure at the same time or subsequent to the transparent organic medium 10,000 mPa. s. When the liquid-51-200915249-shaped transparent organic medium is unfolded, if it is fully expandable and the immersion material is immersed in the frame material, partial curing may be performed, or after the liquid transparent organic medium is unfolded. Start curing (or hardening). Further, when a sheet-like transparent organic medium is used, the viscosity is preferably from 1 to 500 mPa*s from the viewpoint of easy development. The frame material may be disposed on the other side of the image display panel or the protective panel opposite to the image display panel or the protective panel. In this case, the frame material provided on the other image display panel or the protective panel can be arranged to match the size of the frame material provided on one of the image display panels or the protective panel, and the frame material can be embedded inside and outside. The assembly or the frame material is disposed such that half of the inner half is externally fitted to each other, and the fitting method may be any. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention. The liquid crystal panel 206 is placed on the frame 212, and the frame member 210 is fixed to the frame 212, and the image display panel including the liquid crystal panel 206 and the frame 212 is surrounded by the frame member 210 and the protective panel 207. The space is filled with a transparent organic medium 211. That is, the frame material is preferably fixed so that the protective panel can be connected to the liquid transparent organic medium filled between the panels for image display. In the present invention, when the image display panel and the protective panel are bonded together via a transparent organic medium, the liquid transparent organic medium is developed as described above, and since the air can be discharged from the frame, it is easy to be transparently recognized. Remove air (eliminate air bubbles). Moreover, since the frame material has a large number of voids, the development of the liquid transparent organic medium can be quickly performed. When the frame material is oil absorbing, the air can be discharged more simply (without applying excessive pressure). In the liquid crystal display device described above, in the liquid crystal display device described above, one portion of the frame member is pulled out after the production, and the cured transparent resin and the unhardened and non-closed frame member can be easily removed. The portion of the panel which is held by each other, if it is, for example, soluble in the frame material, can be removed by a solvent which can be dissolved. As for the transparent organic medium, when the photocurable resin composition is used, if the active light is blocked by the light-shielding mask, since the ruthenium material impregnated in the frame material is not cured, it is liquid, so the solution is removed. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention. The frame material 210 is disposed on the periphery of the protective panel 207, and the image display panel (for example, the liquid crystal display panel) 2〇6 having a smaller area than the protective panel 207 is overlapped with the transparent organic medium in the space surrounded thereby. 211. The frame protruding from the image display panel 206 is cut off, and a part of it may remain. In the case of removing the air bubbles, the frame material is removed, and there is no problem in retaining the frame material. However, in the case where the peripheral portion is required to be narrow (the portion other than the identification portion is narrowed for the purpose of improving the weight reduction, miniaturization, aesthetics, and design), Remove it. In the first aspect of the present invention, when the protective panel is attached to the transparent organic medium layer on the liquid crystal panel, the bubble in the transparent organic medium layer can be absorbed into the porous layer by using the continuous bubble type porous material for the frame material. In the box. After the bubbles are absorbed, the transparent organic medium is cured by light or heat, and the bubbles once absorbed are prevented from returning to the transparent organic medium layer. Further, here, since it is necessary to surely check the presence or absence of bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer, a method of attaching a liquid crystal panel to the transparent organic medium layer under the transparent protective panel is employed. For this reason, when the bubble is present in the transparent organic medium layer -53-200915249, the small specific gravity bubbles are concentrated on the side of the protective panel even if they are present in the transparent organic medium layer, so that the liquid crystal panel side is substantially bubble-free. On the other hand, the frame formed of a porous material also absorbs the transparent organic medium. Therefore, the amount of transparent organic medium used can be increased more than the intended use. On the other hand, the transparent organic medium 5 leaking from the porous frame leaks from the frame to the outside as shown in FIG. 7 and adheres to the periphery of the liquid crystal panel, and depending on the situation, the conductive portion near the driver is finally covered, and it cannot be determined that the image is not displayed as an image. The possibility that the device will not be able to perform normal operations. Therefore, as a result of reviewing various frame materials, the inventors of the present invention found that the side of the frame material in contact with the protective panel is a continuous cell type porous member, and the liquid crystal panel side is a non-porous member or a closed cell type porous. The material member 'bubble is absorbed in the porous member and the transparent organic medium does not leak out of the frame due to the non-porous member. Further, it was found that even when a frame material is produced only by a non-porous member or a closed cell type porous member, a gap is provided in the frame material, and since the continuous bubble type porous member is provided in the vicinity of the gap, there is no transparent organic medium layer. Bubbles and transparent organic media do not leak out of the frame. The following description of the second aspect of the present invention will be given. Further, the transparent organic medium of the present invention is defined as a liquid which is liquid when dropped onto a liquid crystal panel, and which is hardened by external stimulation by light, heat, humidity, etc., after the protective organic medium is brought into contact with the liquid crystal panel. Further, the display unit of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a square or rectangular shape, and the constituent members such as the protective panel and the transparent organic medium are also plate-shaped members having a square or rectangular shape. -54- 200915249 Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the basic configuration of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. A protective panel 3 is attached to the image display surface of the liquid crystal panel (the upper surface in Fig. 37 (b)) via a layer of the transparent organic medium 2. The thickness of the transparent organic medium 2 is controlled according to the frame material. The frame material is composed of a continuous bubble type porous material 7 and a closed cell type multi-material or non-porous material 8. Further, a polarizing plate was attached to both surfaces of the liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal panel driving 1C driver 21 was placed on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel (the lower surface in Fig. 37 (b)), and the FPC substrate 22 was connected. The liquid crystal panel is housed in the backlight unit and the outer casing 23 of the liquid crystal panel. A reflective layer 24 is applied to the inner surface of the casing to reflect light emitted from the fluorescent tube 25, and as a result, the function of using light as much as possible for displaying an image is exhibited. The light that travels from the fluorescent tube to the image display surface is diffused by the diffusion plate 26 first. Subsequently, the optical sheet passes through the diffusion sheet 27, the cymbal sheet 28, and the like, and then enters the liquid crystal panel. Here, the liquid crystal panel is provided with the upper cover of the outer casing in a stationary manner. The backlight unit and the back surface of the casing of the liquid crystal panel (the lower surface of Fig. 37) are mounted with a control substrate 101 such as a power source or a resonator. In order to protect the substrates, the outer casing 102 of the liquid crystal display device is bonded to the protective panel via the adhesive layer 103. [A] Protect the panel with the process and frame material; first describe the protection panel attachment process and explain the function of the necessary frame material. (1) Protective panel attaching process -55- 200915249 Figure 8 and Figure 9 show the protective panel attaching process. The frame material 1 ( a ) is placed on one side of the liquid crystal panel 4 and attached. It then flows into the transparent organic medium (b). Next, in Fig. 8, one side of the protective panel is suspended by the suspension fixture 6 of the protective panel and the protective panel is covered on the organic medium (c). In Fig. 9, the opposite sides of the suspension protection panel are simultaneously covered with the protective panel. On organic media. When the frame material described above is a continuous cell type porous member, the frame material absorbs the bubbles of the transparent organic medium layer, and as a result, the liquid crystal panel and the protective panel can be attached without bubbles. At this time, the time required from the step of dropping the transparent organic medium to the step of attaching the protective panel is short, and the viscosity of the transparent organic medium is high, or the surface tension is large, and it is difficult to cause leakage as shown in Fig. 7. However, in terms of shortening the step time, it is advantageous to use a transparent organic medium having a low viscosity. However, in this case, not only the bubbles but also the transparent organic medium are absorbed into the porous member, and a part leaks out of the frame as shown in Fig. 7. Therefore, the above problem can be solved by making the frame material as in the following (i) to (iii). (i) The continuous bubble type porous member and the closed cell type porous member or the non-porous member are used as the continuous bubble type porous body by connecting the side of the frame material to the protective panel as shown in Fig. 1A In the member 7, the liquid crystal panel side is a closed cell type porous member or a non-porous member 8, and since the bubbles existing on the upper side of the crucible of FIG. 1 are absorbed in the continuous cell type porous member, the transparent organic medium is independently-56-200915249. The porous member or the non-porous member is sealed, so that the transparent organic medium does not leak out of the frame. Although the method of suspending the protective panel from one side is shown in Fig. 10, the method of improving the frame material as described above is also effective in the method of suspending from both sides as shown in Fig. 9. However, in Figs. 8, 9, and 10, the liquid crystal panel is covered with the protective panel. However, the frame material is attached to the protective panel to protect the panel from the bottom and the liquid crystal panel may be covered. In this case, if the protective panel side is a closed cell type porous member or a non-porous member, and the liquid crystal panel side is a continuous cell type porous member, the above-described effects can be obtained. However, it is difficult to confirm the presence or absence of air bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer without using the protective panel. Therefore, workability can be improved if the protective panel is placed on the upper side and the liquid crystal panel is placed below. (ii) Continuously, the hardness of the bubble-shaped porous member, the closed-cell type porous member, and the non-porous member is appropriately adjusted as shown in Fig. 11 to be the same as the above-mentioned (i) frame member, and the flexibility is selected as the highest A closed cell type porous member or a non-porous member is attached to a liquid crystal panel. It then flows into the transparent organic medium (a). The amount of transparent organic medium flowing in here is slightly less than the maximum amount that can be maintained by the frame. Next, as shown in (b), the liquid crystal panel is tilted only (Θ) while the protective panel (b) is attached. At this time, the end side to which the last attachment is attached is inclined. Since the liquid crystal panel is inclined, bubbles having a small specific gravity in the transparent organic medium are collected near the end of the protective panel surface. When the load is applied from the protective panel side -57- 200915249 in this state, the closed cell type porous member or the non-porous member is retracted, so that the distance between the liquid crystal panel of the frame and the protective panel becomes short. At the same time, the bubble is ejected from the transparent organic medium layer by the continuous bubble type porous member (C). At the end of the bubble eviction, by curing the transparent organic medium (d), the transparent organic medium can be prevented from leaking through the porous member. The method of attaching the protective panel while squeezing the bubble as one of (i) is based on how many small bubbles are squeezed, so depending on the situation, compared with the majority of small bubbles (i) remaining near the end, due to the end of the attached surface It is concentrated as a large bubble, so that it is difficult to leave bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer, and it is more advantageous than (i) when it is attached without bubbles. The softness or rubber hardness of the closed-cell type porous member or the non-porous member is preferably small because it can be retracted with a slight load. Specifically, it is preferable that the rubber hardness measured by a Durometer A type hardness meter is 30 or less. However, if the transparent organic medium layer is too thin, the ratio of bubbles between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel is larger than that of the transparent organic medium in the state before the protective panel is placed and the load is applied, even if the closed bubble type porous member or the non-porous material is compressed. The possibility that the components remain bubbles remains high. Therefore, the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer needs to be 〇·1 mm or more. On the other hand, if the transparent organic medium layer is too thick, specifically, if the thickness exceeds 1 〇 mm, the impact resistance of the protective panel is lowered. However, if you understand that the LCD panel will not be damaged, only the protective panel will be damaged. When the transparent organic medium layer is substantially below 1 mm, the panel of the -58-200915249 and the liquid crystal panel are protected from cracks. The reason for this is considered to be because if the transparent organic medium layer is thickened, the impact received on the front panel is not transmitted to the liquid crystal panel. In short, it is considered that the impact is not transmitted to the liquid crystal panel when the transparent organic medium layer exceeds 1 〇 mm, and as a result, the impact resistance of the front panel is reduced. When both the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel are damaged at the same time, since the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel are subjected to impact, the impact resistance is high. In other words, when the liquid crystal panel is not damaged and only the panel is damaged, the impact resistance is low. Therefore, in order to make the impact resistance high, it is preferable to select the thickness of both the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel at the same time. It can be understood from the above that although the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer varies somewhat in the preferred range depending on the type of the organic medium, it is generally preferably 0. 1 to 10 mm. (Hi) Introduction of a gap into the frame material As shown in Fig. 12, the frame 8 is formed on the liquid crystal panel 4 by a closed cell type porous member or a non-porous member. One of the frames is discontinuous, that is, a gap is opened (the missing portion of the frame material). At the end of the side, that is, at the corner portion of the liquid crystal panel, (a) is one place and (b) is a gap of two places. The continuous bubble type porous member 7 is attached to the outer side of the portion surrounded by the frame so as to block the gap of the frame. It then flows into the transparent organic medium. Subsequently, one side of the suspension protection panel is simultaneously covered with the protective panel on the organic medium. Then, the bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer are absorbed in the continuous bubble type porous member 7 through the gap of the frame. A plurality of transparent organic media are also absorbed into the porous member 7. -59- 200915249 The transparent organic medium is then cured. Finally, the continuous bubble type porous member is removed, and the action of attaching the protective panel to the liquid crystal panel is completed. In this case, as shown on the right, there is no continuous bubble type porous member. When the transparent organic medium is a photocurable resin, the transparent organic medium absorbed in the frame cannot be photohardened due to the inaccessibility of light. Since the uncured light hardening resin also emits a foul odor, there is a concern that the liquid crystal panel emits a foul odor when it is not sufficiently light-hardened. However, since the continuous-cell type porous member absorbing the unhardened photo-curing resin is removed, there is an effect that the liquid crystal panel does not emit a foul odor. Fig. 1 2 (b) shows that the optical gap is at both ends of one side. In this case, there is a possibility that small bubbles remain in the vicinity of the center of the one side. However, as shown in Fig. 13, it is possible to remove relatively small bubbles by providing a large number of gaps on one side or both sides. In (a), the continuous cell type porous member 7 is connected to one side of the frame. The frame to which the continuous porous member 7 is joined is a porous body having a rectangular cross section and a non-porous or closed cell type. Air bubbles are absorbed into the continuous bubble type porous member 7 from the gap between the rectangles. (b) The non-porous or closed-cell type porous frame is a semi-circular aggregate, and the bubbles are absorbed into the continuous-bubble-type porous member from the gap between the semicircles. (c) The porous frame is a collection of circles, and the bubbles are absorbed from the gap between the circles to the continuous bubble type porous member. (d) The non-porous or closed-cell type porous frame is a polygonal aggregate, and the bubbles are absorbed from the gap between the triangles to the continuous-bubble-type porous member. Compared with (a), bubbles (b) to (d) are hard to remain. In this case, it is considered that the shape of the frame is sharp or rounded on the inner side of the frame facing the -60-200915249 (the surface in contact with the transparent organic medium), so that it is difficult for the bubbles to adhere to the frame. In the form of FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 8, the protective panel is attached by suspending one of the protective panels while covering the transparent organic medium, and the shape of FIG. 14 is as shown in FIG. The protective panel is attached by the process of suspending the opposite sides of the protective panel and simultaneously covering the protective panel with the transparent organic medium, but the principle of bubble removal is the same. Similarly, in the form of FIG. 13, as shown in FIG. 8, the protective panel is attached by suspending one side of the protective panel while the protective panel is coated on the transparent organic medium, as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 9, the protective panel is attached by suspending the two sides of the opposite side of the protective panel while simultaneously covering the protective panel with the transparent organic medium. Here, in Fig. 14, (a) is two places, and (b) is a gap of four places (the defective portion of the frame material) is provided at the end portion of the side, that is, the corner portion of the liquid crystal panel. However, even in the above-described manner, in the case of using the liquid transparent organic medium in the protective panel attaching step, the possibility of the liquid adhering to the panel is not completely zero. The adhesion of a transparent organic medium to the image display is a 1C driver having a contact for electrical signal transmission and reception. A transparent organic medium is attached to the contact in the 1C driver, and the electrical signal cannot be transmitted due to the insulation, and the image display cannot be performed. Therefore, it is preferable to provide the 1C driver on the side of the continuous bubble type porous frame material which is highly exposed by the use of the transparent organic medium, or on the side other than the side where the one or more gaps are provided. -61 - 200915249 (2) The frame material is defined as shown in Fig. 16. The frame material between the liquid crystal panel 4 and the protective panel 3 is the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer 2 and the transparent organic medium is suppressed. Leaked out of the box. Therefore, the thickness of the preferred frame material is substantially equal to the thickness of the transparent organic medium. However, when a cushioning material is used, the thickness of the pressurization sandwiched between the panel and the protective panel may be uniform. The frame material is selected from three types of a continuous cell type porous member, a closed cell type porous member, and a non-porous member. This is explained separately. Further, the frame height 9 and the frame width 1 in the specification are the same as those shown in Fig. 16. (i) Continuous-bubble type porous member This is a plurality of bubbles or voids which are continuously connected and have the ability to absorb liquid. Specifically, it is a member including an oil absorbing material such as clay, kapok fiber, a gelling agent, or an oil adsorbing material. Examples of the shape include a sponge-like resin sheet, a non-woven sheet, a non-woven fabric, or a woven fabric. . The material of the resin sheet is a polyvinyl alcohol, a polyurethane, a polypropylene, a polyethylene or the like. As the fibers used in the nonwoven fabric or the woven fabric, there are cellulose fibers and synthetic fibers. Examples of the cellulose-based fibers include cotton, pulp, enamel, cuprammonium fibers, cotton blended yarns, kapok fibers, and the like, and in particular, pulp is preferable in terms of water absorption performance and price. The pulp may, for example, be a kraft pulp (K P ) obtained from a pulp sheet of broadleaf trees, conifers or the like. In addition, examples of the synthetic fiber include a polyolefin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, a polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, or a polymerized material such as nylon or polyvinyl chloride-62-200915249. By. From the viewpoints of safety, workability, and price, it is preferably an olefin fiber or a polyester fiber. The shape of the frame material may be such that the sheet shape is shaped or perforated to match the outer peripheral shape of the panel for image display, and the strip shape may be arranged as a plurality of individual pieces as needed. The frame width is preferably from 2 mm to 50 mm, which can be arbitrarily selected depending on the amount of resin or the spacer. Further, it may be formed by pressurizing fine particles such as cerium oxide 'alumina. When the adsorptivity between the microparticles is low and it is impossible to form or is easily broken, the binder is added and then pressurized. The binder at this time may, for example, be an organic resin such as an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin. (Π) Independent bubble type porous member This is a porous member in which the bubbles and voids on the surface and the inside are not continuously connected. Although the liquid is absorbed on the surface and in the vicinity, it can function as a frame for suppressing the penetration of the liquid as long as it is a certain thickness. The material desired as the material can be exemplified by a foaming material of a urethane formed by foaming, a polyethylene material, or the like. The width of the frame material is preferably from 2 mm to 50 mm, which can be arbitrarily selected depending on the amount of the resin or the spacer. (iii) Non-porous member This is a member that is free of air bubbles or voids. It is included in the surface and in the vicinity of how much liquid is absorbed and swelled. The transparent organic medium does not leak out of the frame due to the portion of the non-porous member in the frame. As such a desired material, acrylic resin, styrene/acrylic resin, polycarbonate-63-200915249 ester resin, polyethylene terephthalate, phthalate resin, epoxy/urethane can be exemplified. An organic resin such as a tree imide resin; a solid material such as glass or material. Further, an oxy-organic/inorganic composite material in which the diameter of the acrylic tree is substantially equal to the height of the frame is also exemplified. A mixture of the transparent organic medium and the particles forming the frame. When the coated mixture is unfolded, the diameters are substantially equal as shown in Fig. 17. Subsequently, the transparent organic medium is hardened to a height frame. Therefore, the child 11 is mixed in this figure. The width of the frame material is preferably 2 mm to 5, and the spacer is arbitrarily selected. [B] The image display device of the present invention is constituted by the image display device of the present invention. (1) The outermost surface is a protective panel. A commercially available personal computer screen or liquid is as shown in Fig. 18(a). In the case of FIG. 18 ( a ), it is a crystal module of the backlight unit: 13 , the liquid crystal panel 4 , and the polarizing plate 13 . Further, although not shown, the liquid crystal panel is made of a transparent organic medium such as an oxygen resin, a phenol resin, an amine grease, an epoxy/phenol resin, a metal such as polyferric iron or stainless steel, or a particle such as alumina. Then, after coating on the liquid crystal panel, the height and the particle of the mixture are formed by pressing or scraping the blade, and the particles formed on the liquid crystal panel are referred to as frame height control particles of 0 mm, which can be explained as follows depending on the amount of resin or the composition. In the case of a crystal TV, the structure of the general layer and the protective panel. A polarizing plate is superposed on the element 12. These combinations are referred to as a liquid system consisting of a liquid crystal layer and a color filter layer disposed between a pair of transparent glass-64-200915249 glass substrates, an electrode structure for applying an electric field in the liquid crystal layer, and further various insulating films. form. The liquid crystal panel obtained in this manner is combined with a polarizing plate for changing optical characteristics and a backlight unit 12 as a light source to mount a driving 1C driver to form a liquid crystal module. In this case, since there is no protective panel like the present invention, the impact resistance is low. Thus, the present invention provides the protective panel 3 as shown in Fig. 18(a) to improve impact resistance. Further, since the transparent organic medium 2 is filled in the gap between the protective panel and the polarizing plate, reflection on the back side of the protective panel can be suppressed. Further, the polarizing plate between the liquid crystal panel and the transparent organic medium layer is formed by being bonded to the liquid crystal panel during production, but it is necessary to match the accuracy of the polarizing axis in good condition. Furthermore, once attached, the fit cannot be corrected again. However, if it is attached to the protective panel with a rough precision as shown in Fig. 18(b), when the protective panel is attached, the polarizing shaft can be re-adjusted when the protective panel is fixed, and the precision is increased. The mounting position of the protective panel thus formed is not problematic on the image display even if there are a few offsets. A liquid crystal display device is manufactured by mounting the power supply unit 150, the control system 16, the front outer frame 17, and the rear outer frame 18 by mounting the liquid crystal module 1 4 ' as shown in Fig. 19. Fig. 19(a) shows an example in which the plane area of the protective panel is the same as that of the liquid crystal panel, and (b) is an example in which the protective panel described later is larger than the liquid crystal panel. Further, (b) shows an illustration when there is no front frame, but there is no problem in special functions. Further, the liquid crystal modules shown in Figs. 20, 21, and 27 to 30 will be constructed in the same manner as the liquid crystal display device shown in Fig. 19. (2) Forming an anti-reflection film on the protective panel The difference between the refractive index of the protective panel and the refractive index of the air causes reflection. Here, the liquid crystal display device having the structure shown in Fig. 20(a) can be suppressed by reflecting the anti-reflection film or the anti-glare film 119 on the protective panel. The antireflection film or the antiglare film is expected to have the following effects on the protective panel by bonding the film forming the film to the protective panel. When the protective sheet is glass or a high-hardness transparent resin, even if it is used in a relatively large thickness, there is a large impact due to an object such as SUS or glass having a high hardness, and the surface may be damaged while the surface is scattered. However, by using a film-formed anti-reflection film or anti-glare film, even if chipping occurs, it is prevented from scattering due to the film formed thereon to form an anti-reflection film or an anti-glare film. Fig. 20(b) shows a case where the polarizing plate 13 is attached to the protective panel 3, and the effect is the same as that of Fig. 18(b) of the above (1). (3) The frame, the polarizing plate, the polarizing plate, the liquid crystal panel, and even the polarizing plate of (a) of FIG. 21 are generally held by the frame 20 to maintain the liquid crystal display or the liquid crystal television currently sold in the frame. Module. Here, the image display device is mounted as an image display device to which the control system 16, the power source 15 and the outer frame 18 shown in Fig. 19 are mounted. Therefore, as long as the structure is as shown in Fig. 21 (a), since the transparent organic medium layer and the protective panel can be installed after the liquid crystal module is manufactured, it is not suitable. It has the advantage of changing the manufacturing process of the conventional liquid crystal module. Fig. 21 (b) shows a state in which the polarizing plate 13 is attached to the protective panel 3, and the effect is the same as that of Fig. 18 (b) of the above (1). However, the board, the liquid crystal panel, and the backlight unit are shown in detail in Figures 22 and 17. Figure 22 (a) is a plan view of the liquid crystal module viewed from the image display side of the protective panel and the transparent organic medium layer. Further, Fig. 23 (; is a plan view of the upper cover of the casing in Fig. 22 (a). Fig. 22 (b) Fig. 22 (a) is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal module cut in a broken line portion, and E (b) is shown in Fig. 22 (b) A cross-sectional view of the upper cover of the outer casing is provided. Further, the internal structure of the panel 4 is omitted here. The driving 1C driver 2 1 is disposed when the liquid crystal panel 4 is erected and one of the liquid crystal panels closest to the liquid crystal panel and perpendicular to the side The two sides are disposed on the other side (the lower right side of the liquid crystal panel in FIG. 22), and are connected together by the FPC board 22. The backlight unit and the liquid board are housed in the casing 23 of the backlight unit and the liquid crystal panel. The reflective layer 24 is applied to the outside, and the light emitted from the fluorescent tube 25 is reversed, and the function of using the light as much as possible for displaying an image is utilized. The light that travels from the fluorescent screen to the image display surface is first passed through the diffusion plate. 26, the diaphragm is diffused, and then incident on the liquid crystal panel by the opticals of the diffusion sheet 27, the cymbal sheet 28, etc. Further, the housing upper cover 29 is provided in the liquid crystal panel without moving in Fig. 23. Here, the driving IC driver system Play as a bungee function backlight for a long time Bright, since the case of the liquid crystal panel is heated so that heat is also the case for the polarization, the state of self) as to the liquid crystal to the ground side 023 of the shell side and a crystal plane emitting light into a tube of the embodiment. If. Liquid -67- 200915249 The upper part of the crystal panel is heated to a particularly large extent, so the temperature also rises. At this time, if the driving IC driver is bonded to the upper portion, the component damage caused by heat becomes large due to stronger heating, and as a result, the durability of the panel is lowered. Further, even if the element type is not damaged, heat is transmitted to the liquid crystal panel, and when it is higher than the liquid crystal operating temperature, there is a concern that image blurring also occurs. Therefore, it is preferable that the driving 1C driver is disposed on the side opposite to the heat rising side from the backlight, that is, the side (bottom side) side of the liquid crystal panel closest to the ground when the liquid crystal panel is erected. However, when the conventional liquid crystal display device of the unprotected panel is wiped with a wet rag or the like, the water droplets are transmitted through the polarizing plate which is an image display portion and enter the driving 1C driver to cause a short circuit. Sex. Therefore, in consideration of the daily use of the user, the driving of the 1C driver for the lower portion of the liquid crystal panel also requires a certain degree of waterproofing effect. In the present invention, the waterproofing property is provided by providing the protective panel, so that the driving 1C driver is provided in the lower portion of the liquid crystal panel, and as a result, the driving 1C driver and the liquid crystal panel can be extended in life. Figs. 24(a) and (b) show the number and configuration of the diffusion sheet 27, the cymbal sheet 28, and the like between the polarizing plate 13 and the liquid crystal panel 4, which are different from those of Fig. 23. In the design of the display device, the performance of the diffusion plate, the diffusibility of the backlight, and the like are met, and are appropriately selected from the configurations or appropriately selected according to the shape. Further, in Figs. 22 to 24, a fluorescent tube is used for the backlight, and a configuration using the light-emitting diode 30 (or sometimes referred to as an LED) is shown in Fig. 25. The structure of the light emitting diode is shown in Fig. 26. The light-emitting diode has a reflecting surface 32 around the light-emitting portion 31 -68-200915249. In the design of the display device, any one of the fluorescent tube and the light-emitting diode or both may be appropriately selected. 22 to 25 show a configuration in which the backlight source is located directly under the liquid crystal panel. However, as shown in Fig. 38, the backlight source 104 may be located directly under the end of the liquid crystal panel, and the light may be irradiated onto the entire liquid crystal panel by an optical member such as a light guide plate 105 or a diffusion plate. (4) From the backlight unit to the protective panel, the frame maintains the current commercially available PC screen or LCD TV, in the LCD module (Fig. 21 (a) backlight unit, polarizing plate, liquid crystal panel or even polarizing plate overall In the case where the frame is held, the control system, the power supply, the outer frame, and the like are mounted to function as an image display device. The transparent organic medium layer and the protective panel are held in the frame as shown in Fig. 27(a), whereby the advantages of the personal computer screen or the liquid crystal television can be produced without changing the manufacturing process of the conventional liquid crystal display device. Fig. 27(b) shows the case where the polarizing plate is mounted on the protective panel, and the effect is the same as that of Fig. 18(b) of the above (1). (5) The protective panel and the frame are fixed. In Fig. 27, the protective panel 3 is held by the frame 20. For example, in the case of a 3 2 inch LCD TV, if the protective panel is made of glass with a thickness of 2 mm, the minimum protection panel is about 1. 5kg, when using a glass with a thickness of 3 mm, it is about 2. 2kg. Therefore, it is necessary to use a frame to hold the protective panel, and it is necessary to use a thicker member than in the past. This is because the weight of the liquid crystal TV is increased by -69-200915249, which is not preferable. Therefore, by fixing the protective panel and the frame as shown in (a) of Fig. 28, the frame does not need to be thicker since not only the frame can be held but also the protective panel can be held while the other members are held. That is, there is an advantage that the amount of use of the member and the cost thereof can be reduced and the member can be thinned and processed easily. Fig. 28(b) shows the case where the polarizing plate is mounted on the protective panel, and the effect thereof is the same as Fig. 18(b) of the above (1). (6) Holding the polarizing plate and the liquid crystal panel with the transparent organic medium layer, as shown in FIG. 29(a) and FIG. 30(a), the polarizing plate 13 and the liquid crystal panel 4 are held by the transparent organic medium layer 2, and this is used. Waiting for the protective panel, the components that need to be held by the frame are only backlit. Therefore, since the frame 20 is thinner as in the above (5), there is an advantage that the amount of use of the member and the cost thereof can be further reduced and the member can be thinned and processed easily. Fig. 29 (b) and Fig. 30 (b) show the case where the polarizing plate is mounted on the protective panel, and the effect is the same as that of Fig. 18 (b) of the above (1). [C] constituting unit, member, etc. (1) Backlight unit The backlight unit is composed of a light source and an optical sheet. As the light source, a cold cathode tube or an LED or the like can be exemplified. As the optical sheet, a light guide plate, a diffusion sheet, a cymbal sheet, a reflective polarizer, or the like can be exemplified. (2) Polarizing plate - 70 - 200915249 The polarizing plate is a function plate having a function of transmitting only light of a specific vibration direction, and is not particularly limited in the present invention. A person who can use a general liquid crystal display device can be used. Two sheets of one piece are used in one display device between the backlight unit and the liquid crystal layer. The remaining one piece is different from the part set above, and performs its function. (3) Liquid crystal panel The liquid crystal panel generally has a transparent electrode, an alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a color filter sequentially disposed between two glass substrates. The liquid crystal panel of the present invention is also premised on this configuration. Further, if a part of the configuration is changed and the same function can be performed, it can also be used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. (4) Protective panel The protective panel is preferably a transparent plate which has almost no absorption in the visible light region and is excellent in abrasion resistance and impact resistance. In consideration of this aspect, firstly, a glass plate having a pencil hardness of 9 Η or more, a acrylic plate having a pencil hardness of 2 Å, and a triacetyl phthalocyanine having a pencil hardness of 2 Η to 3 Å can be exemplified as a protective panel member. . Also, the G degree of the g-pan panel will vary depending on the size of the liquid crystal display, but it is preferably 0 when the protective panel is glass. When it is 7 m m or more, it is preferably 1 mm or more in the case of a resin such as an acrylic resin. If it is thinner than the above, the protective substrate will be deformed during manufacture, and its deformation will affect the flatness of the display surface of the product. The size of the protective panel is as shown in Fig. 28 (a) and (b), even if it is larger than the -71 - 200915249 transparent organic medium layer, polarizing plate, liquid crystal panel, and backlight unit. (5) Transparent Organic Medium The transparent organic medium of the present invention is shown as a solid at normal temperature. The closer the refractive index of the transparent organic medium is to the refractive index of the protective panel or the polarizing plate, the lower the reflectance. The composition of the protective panel described later can be exemplified by glass (refractive index 1). 5 0~1 · 5 4 ), acrylic resin (refractive index 1. 49), P E T (refractive index 1 _ 5 6 ), polycarbonate (refractive index 1 _ 5 9 ), and the like. Herein, when the refractive index of the protective panel is n〇 and the refractive index of the transparent organic medium after hardening is η, the reflectance R of the interface between the protective panel and the transparent organic medium can be determined according to the following formula. R= {(n〇-n)/(n〇+ n)}2 In the case where there is no transparent organic medium on the inside of the protective panel, that is, in the state of the air layer (refractive index 1 · 0), on the protective panel and The interface of the air layer produces about 3. 7~5. 2% reflection. The reflection system is produced by the difference in refractive index between the protective panel and the air. Therefore, if the air layer is filled with a transparent medium having a refractive index close to that of the protective panel instead of air, reflection can be suppressed. In direct sunlight, the interface between the protective panel and the transparent organic medium is 3. 7~ 5. The 2% reflectance can be reduced to around _ 5%, and the recognition is quite improved. From the above formula, the reflectivity of one side of the filled transparent organic medium is large -72-200915249 is reduced to about 〇.  The refractive index at 5% is as shown in Table 1 below. Table 1 The refractive index of the front panel (n〇) The refractive index of the transparent organic medium (8) Reflectance (%) 丨 n〇-n| (the difference between n〇 and η) 1. 48 1. 28 0. 53 0. 20 1. 48 1. 38 0. 12 0. 10 1. 48 1. 18 0. 85 0. 25 1. 54 1. 34 0. 48 0. 20 1. 59 1. 39 0. 50 0. 21 1. 48 1. 70 0. 48 0. 22 1. 54 1. 77 0. 48 0. 23 1. 59 1. 83 0. 49 0. 24 is shown by the table, the reflectance is reduced to about 0. 5 %, the refractive index difference of the refractive index of the transparent organic medium relative to the protective panel is preferably 0. 2 or less. Therefore, when the refractive index of the protective panel is n〇 and the refractive index of the transparent organic medium is η, it is preferable to select a protective panel or a transparent organic medium in which the following inequality is established. N〇-0. 2 <n <n〇 + 0.2 As the transparent organic medium, the following may be exemplified. Examples of the solid material include a thermosetting resin which is polymerized by heat hardening or photohardening of a monomer or a prepolymer, a photocurable resin, and the like. Further, in this specification, the prepolymer may be a polymer or oligomer mixed with a monomer and adjusted to a viscosity which is easy to handle. Further, a thermoplastic resin which has been polymerized can be exemplified. -73- 200915249 The thermosetting resin and the photocurable resin are filled in the gap of the protective panel and then hardened by applying appropriate heat or light to be trapped in the gap. The monomer or prepolymer of the resin may, for example, be a polymer which is polymerized by a double bond, dehydrated by a various substituent, a dealcoholization reaction, or an addition reaction. Examples of the use of the double bond polymerizer in the monomer or prepolymer are styrene, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, and A. Isobutyl acrylate, hexyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, decyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, Propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, and the like. These may be used singly or in plurality to form a transparent organic medium layer. Alternatively, these may be combined with other prepolymers and monomers to form a transparent organic medium layer. The prepolymer used may, for example, be polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyallylamine or the like. Further, the monomer can be exemplified by ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-dihydroxycyclobutane, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane, 1,5-dihydroxycyclooctane having a hydroxyl group in the molecule. An alkane or the like, an ethylene glycol monoglycidyl ether having a glycidyl group at the terminal, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether or the like. The monomer or prepolymer which is polymerized by a dehydration reaction or an addition reaction of various substituents may, for example, be a terminal having two or more hydroxyl groups or glycidyl groups, two or more amine groups, and two or more carboxyl groups or carboxyl groups at the terminal. The anhydride structure is polymerized. -74- 200915249 Examples of hydroxyl groups at the terminal are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, alcohol, 1,3-dihydroxycyclobutane, 1,4-dihydroxycyclohexane ' 1,5-dioctane, polyethylene Examples of the alcohol or the like having a glycidyl group at the terminal include diol monoglycidyl ether and ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether. The terminal amino group can be exemplified by ethylenediamine, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,6-dioxane, 1,4-diaminobenzene, 2,6-diaminonaphthalene, melamine or the like. Examples of the carboxyl group include adipic acid, 1,3-succinic acid, 1,4-butanic acid, maleic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid and the like. Examples of the terminal acid anhydride structure include maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, and benzene. The polymerized by the dealcoholization reaction is exemplified by a compound having an alkoxyalkylalkyl group and a titanium alkoxide group. Specific examples are decane, tetraethoxy decane, tetrapropoxydecane, tetrabutoxymethyltrimethoxynonane, ethoxytrimethoxydecane, butyltrioxane, methyltriethoxy. Decane, ethyltriethoxydecane, butoxydecane, 1-aminopropyltriethoxydecane, 1-chloropropyltrioxane, 1-glycidylpropyltriethoxydecane, and the like. However, if an elastomer similar to polyvinyl butyral, polyhexamethyl ester, polyoctamethyl methacrylate or polydecyl methacrylate is used, the buffering effect of the transparent organic medium layer on the impact can be improved. The range of elasticity is determined according to the specification of rubber hardness; it is preferably measured to a hardness of 30 by a Durometer type A durometer of JIS K 6253. It is also better from hardness 10 to hardness 30. If the hardness is not full, if the liquid crystal display device with the protective panel attached is placed for a long time in the 50~2 dihydroxyl ring, the compound has an amine group which has an amino group at the terminal diacid, and has a carboxylic acid anhydride. A high material of oxy-based triethyl ethoxy acrylate. Transparent Each hardness 〇 5, 70 °C -75- 200915249 At high temperatures, there are some concerns about the protection panel. Further, when the hardness exceeds 30, there is a tendency that the cushioning effect on the impact is lowered. The thermoplastic resin is exemplified by polystyrene, styrene/acrylic resin, acrylic resin, polyester resin, polypropylene, polyisobutylene or the like. These can be easily replenished by heating to a temperature above Tg thereof to make it liquid. Further, when the transparent organic medium is injected after the protective panel is attached, if there is a bubble remaining, the apparatus such as an autoclave may be pressurized, pressurized, heated, vibrated by a vibrator or the like, and air bubbles may be removed to remove air bubbles. In order to make the bubbles easier to remove, it is preferable to increase the wettability of the contact portion of the transparent organic medium. The specific surface is a contact surface of a protective panel, a polarizing plate, an antireflection film, a liquid crystal panel and a transparent organic medium. If the surface wettability is improved, the 'transparent organic medium is more likely to adhere than air, and as a result, the bubbles can be easily eliminated. The specific conditions of the wetness are based on water, and the contact angle with water is preferably below 20 °. If so, the organic matter can be substantially filled and substantially free of bubbles. In terms of suppressing the bubbles more reliably, the contact angle with water is preferably 10 or less. Further, when the frame is covered on the image display surface, the edge of the image can be suppressed from being seen by the frame by using the transparent member. In the case where the frame is not covered by the image display surface, it is not necessary to be transparent. In this case, in order to make the image clear feeling high, it is preferably a black frame. Further, the size of the transparent organic medium layer 2 is smaller than that of the polarizing plate or the liquid crystal panel as shown in Fig. 30 (a) and (b). In order to make the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer 2 constant, there is a method of using transparent particles (layer thickness control - 76 - 200915249 particles) 3 3 having a diameter substantially the same as the target thickness shown in Fig. 31. Between the voids intended to be filled with the transparent organic medium, the particles may be preliminarily placed without overlapping the particles, and then filled with the transparent organic medium. Thereby the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer can be controlled by the particles at the target thickness. This particle is described as a layer thickness control particle. Further, as shown in Fig. 31, the layer thickness control particles 3 3 can be controlled to be thicker even if they are mixed in a transparent organic medium. Further, since the pigment used in the color filter scatters the light of the light source, the light leaks in the black display and the contrast is lowered, but the transparent organic medium layer contains the pigment which absorbs the scattered light (in the visible light). A compound having an absorption in the field can suppress a decrease in contrast. Further, when the liquid crystal display device is displayed in black, the color tone is blue. This is due to the fact that light leakage in the wavelength band of 400 to 450 nm is stronger than in other wavelength domains. Therefore, when the transparent organic medium layer contains a dye capable of absorbing light of 400 to 450 nm, the blue color during black display can be suppressed, and black can be more vividly displayed. It is not limited to pigments, and inorganic or metallic nanoparticles have the effect of absorbing light due to quantum size effects. (6) Antireflection film Since the antireflection film is located on the outermost surface of the image display surface of the liquid crystal display device, the outermost surface is expected to have high abrasion resistance. It is also necessary to suppress the adhesion of dust due to static electricity. Therefore, the material is preferably composed of a member mainly composed of an inorganic material having a lower chargeability than an organic material. Also, because it is placed in the air, it is preferably a member that is not affected by the oxidation of oxygen or has been oxidized. Further, as described above, it is preferable to form a film shape by the purpose of preventing the protective panel member from being scattered by the impact. The multilayer antireflection film is composed of a high refractive index oxide cone (refractive index of about 2.1), a low refractive index of magnesium fluoride (refractive index of about 1.38), and a refractive index between the refractive index (refractive index of about 1.5 or so) is formed by a combination. At this time, since the pencil hardness of the antireflection film is as high as about 8 to 9H when the protective panel is glass, it is practically also excellent in friction resistance. When a single-layer anti-reflection film is used, it must be a film having a lower refractive index than the substrate. The film is preferably formed of an inorganic oxide having a high pencil hardness, and is particularly preferably a porous cerium having a lower refractive index or a hydrazine compound having a hydrolyzable residue in the inorganic oxide as a matrix (internal) A ruthenium oxide film having a void). Among them, a cerium oxide sol is preferred. The cerium oxide microparticles are dispersed in the cerium oxide sol and dissolved in water or an alcohol solvent. After coating the antireflection film-forming coating material of the mixture on the protective panel, the solvent is rapidly vaporized by accelerated heating to generate bubbles in the inside of the film. When the curing is completed in this state, a film which still retains a void in the film is formed. Since the refractive index of the void is about 1.0, the refractive index of the film having the void inside is lower than that of the film having no void. Therefore, it functions as a single-layer antireflection film as described above. The cerium oxide sol which is one of the foregoing hydrazine compounds having a hydrolyzable residue is exemplified by a method of producing an antireflection film. These are substances which can be converted into cerium oxide by heating. Since the formed cerium oxide has high transparency, the light transmittance is high. As the tetraalkoxydecane used in the preparation of the cerium oxide sol, tetramethoxy decane, tetraethoxy decane, tetrapropoxy decane, tetraisopropoxy decane, tetraisobutoxy decane, tetrabutylate can be exemplified. Oxydecane, etc. In addition to this, -78-200915249 may be exemplified by a ruthenium compound having a chloro group instead of an alkoxyalkyl group, ruthenium chloride or the like. As the deuterated tetraalkoxynonane having a hydrolyzable residue other than the cerium sol, an amine group or a chlorine group or a ruthenium compound is also included. Specific examples are 3-aminopropyltriethoxysulfonylpropyltrimethoxydecane, N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyldecane, 3-chloropropyltrimethoxy Baseline, 3-chloropropylmethyldecane, 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxydecane, vinyltrimethoxyvinyltriethoxydecane, 3-glycidoxypropyltriane, 3-glycidyl Oxypropylmethyldimethoxydecane, 3-methoxypropyltrimethoxydecane, and the like. The inorganic oxide fine particles are exemplified by colorless or white fine particles of cerium oxide, titanium oxide, cerium oxide or the like. From the viewpoint of the grain size, the short axis of the particles is preferably a yttria having a lower ratio of the average film thickness in terms of easy to obtain a low refractive index film (refractive index of about 1.5). ~1. 7), alumina about 1.7~1.9) and so on. It is especially suitable for oxygen with a low refractive index. The particle size of the cerium oxide microparticles is preferably an average particle diameter of 100 nm which does not scatter light incident on the film (wavelength 380 to 760 nm). (7) The anti-glare film anti-glare film is formed by providing fine unevenness on the surface. Membrane microparticles, which can inhibit the formation of a nucleus such as a tetramer, a radical, etc. on a screen in a bright place: 3-aminotrimethoxydimethoxydecane, methoxymercaptopropene yttrium aluminum Oxidation increases the film level. The upper part is refracted (the refractive index is visible in the 矽 particles. The inside contains the surrounding scene -79- 200915249. The principle is that the surface irregularities or the particles inside the film scatter light that is directed toward the picture, and the result is suppressed. When the anti-glare film is used, the surface unevenness, the number of irregularities per unit area, or the ratio of the internal particles can be appropriately selected depending on the particle size to be added. The anti-glare film can be made of cerium oxide microparticles. The hydrazine compound having a hydrolyzable residue is formed in the same manner as the antireflection film described above. (8) The liquid-repellent layer is formed by using a hydrolyzable ruthenium compound film as the above-mentioned antireflection film, and has high surface wettability and is difficult to remove. Adhesive adhering, that is, low antifouling property, therefore, by forming a layer composed of a fluorinated compound having liquid repellency on the surface thereof, the antifouling property of the surface can be improved. The thickness of the layer formed reduces the anti-reflection effect of the formed anti-reflection film, so it is necessary to form an extremely thin film. Therefore, the present invention is preferably used with the end. a fluoropolyether chain of alkoxyalkylene group bonded to a hydroxyl group, or a compound having a fluoroalkyl chain. The fluoropolyether chain and the fluoropolyalkyl chain do not necessarily have to replace all of the hydrogen atoms of the polyether group and the alkyl group with fluorine. However, it is particularly preferred to be a compound having a perfluoropolyether chain or a perfluoroalkyl chain formed by substituting all hydrogen atoms with fluorine. Therefore, the film formed is basically used to form a film thickness of a monomolecular film, which is substantially not The anti-reflection property is changed. (a) The chemical structure of the liquid-repellent agent or the like as a liquid-repellent agent specifically uses, for example, a compound of the following formula -80-200915249 (1) to (4) to be combined with anti-reflection. [F{CF(CF3)-CF20}n_CF(CF3)]-X-Si(0R)3 {F(CF2CF2CF20)n}-X-Si(0R)3 {H(CF2)n}-Y -Si(OR)3 {F(CF2)n}-Y-Si(OR)3 Compound (1) Compound (2) Compound (3) Compound (4) (X is a fluoropolyether chain and alkoxy decane residue a bonding site of the group; γ is a bonding site of a fluoroalkyl chain and an alkoxydecane residue; R is an alkyl group; η is an integer of 1 or more. The compounds are not completely coated on the surface of the antireflection film, But in a grass-like way to produce fluoropolyether chains or fluorine The state of the alkyl chain is combined. Since the film does not become high resistance after the method is not completely coated on the surface of the antireflection film, it is not easily charged and is less likely to adhere to dust, etc. Further, the fluorine is formed on the surface. The polyether chain or the fluoroalkyl chain also improves the lubricity of the surface. Therefore, physical damage to the surface caused by friction can be alleviated, and a surface having high abrasion resistance can be formed. From the above, it is intended to maintain the antifouling property. From the viewpoint of low electric resistance of the surface and improvement of abrasion resistance, a method of forming a fluoropolyether or a fluoroalkyl compound having an alkoxyalkyl group at the end can be advantageously used in forming the liquid-repellent layer. The following shows specific structural examples of the liquid repellency agent (Compounds 1 to 12). -81 - 200915249 [Chem.9] F{CF(CF3)-CF2〇ln-CF(CF3)-CONH-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3 Compound 1 F{CF(CF3) - C F20}n - CF(CF3) - CONH - (CH2)3 - Si(〇CH3)3 Compound 2 F{CF2CF2CF20}n-CF2CF2-CONH-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3 Compound 3 -82- 200915249 [Chemical F{CF2CF2CF20}n-CF2CF2-C0NH-(CH2)3-Si(0CH3)3 Compound 4 H(CF2)6-CONH-(CH2)3-Sj(OCH2CH3)3 Compound 5 H(CF2)6 - CONH —(CH2)3 - Si(OCH3>3 Compound 6 H(CF2)8-CONH-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3 Compound 7 H(CF2)e-CONH-(CH2)3 — Si(OCH3) 3 Compound 8 F(CF2)e - (CH2)2 - Si(OCH3)3 Compound 9 F(CF2)8-(CH2)2-Si(OCH3)3 Compound 10 -83- 200915249 [化η] F(C F2)6 - (C h2)2 - S»(OCH2CH3)3 Compound 11 F(CF2)8 - (CH2)2 - Si(OCH2CH3)3 Compound 12 These compounds 1~8 are fluoropolyfluoro at the end of the carboxyl group The alkyl compound is obtained by the formation of a guanamine bond by the chloroformylation of the chloroformyl group to form a guanamine bond, and the compound names of 12 are 111, 111, 2^1, 211-perfluorooctane, 111, respectively. 111,211,211-perfluorooctyltriethoxydecane, perfluorodecyltrimethoxydecane 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecane, sold by HYDRUS Chemical Co., Ltd. Other commercially available materials are exemplified by Daikin Industries Co., Ltd. I DSX. Compounds 1 to 4 are formed of a compound of a fluorine chain perfluoropolyether. The liquid-repellent film is characterized in that it is advantageous in terms of antifouling properties in the case of long-term (the water repellency other than the edible oil other than water, etc.). The expressions are as follows. Among the above compounds (1) to (4), the compound is optimal. Compound 5 to 1 2 If the long-term (1 〇〇〇 hour) immersion angle with water is lowered from the pre-impregnation (about 110 Å) to the ether compound, Or, with the amine at the end. Compound 9~-yltrimethoxyphosphonium 1 H, 1H, 2H, 2H-fluorenyl triethoxy, OPTUL is impregnated with S (with this fluorochain) in S (reduced by 5 ° If the substance is in general (1) to (2) in edible oil, the contact angle of the substrate is approximately the same level as -84-200915249. (b) Method for forming a liquid-repellent film The method for forming a liquid-repellent film using a fluoropolyether compound having an alkoxydecane at the end or a fluorine compound compound is as follows. First, a fluoropolyether compound or a base compound having an alkoxyalkyl group at the end is dissolved in a solvent. Although the concentration may vary depending on the coating method, the enthalpy is about 0.01 to 1.0% by weight. Since the cerium oxide cerium is slowly hydrolyzed by the water or the water dissolved in the solvent from the air, the agent needs to be dehydrated, and it is preferred to select a fluorine-based solvent which is difficult to dissolve the water. Specific examples of the solvent include FC-72, FC-77 5060, PF-5080, HFE-7100, and HFE-7200 of 3M Company; Vertrel XF manufactured by DuPont. Thus, a liquid in which a fluoropolyether compound or a fluorocarbon compound is dissolved (hereinafter referred to as a liquid repellent agent) is prepared. A liquid repellent treatment agent is then applied to the surface of the antireflection film. The coating method uses a usual coating method such as dip coating or spin coating. After the coating agent is applied, it is heated. The heating is a necessary condition for forming a bond between the alkoxysilane residue and the surface hydroxyl group, and is usually about 10 minutes at 1200 ° C, and is completed at about 10 minutes at 10 Torr. It will take about 20 minutes. It can be carried out at room temperature but takes a considerable amount of time. Finally, the surface is washed with a fluorine-based solvent to remove the remaining liquid-repellent agent and liquid-repellent treatment. The solvent used for washing can be used as a solvent for the liquid treatment agent. Oxyfluoro fluorocarbon, but large solvent, this fluorine-soluble, PF-based base system, at the time of the surface of the liquid solution, completed at 190 ° C. The following is a more specific example of the present invention by way of examples. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. [Example 1] (Synthesis of transparent organic matter) 100 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and 80 parts by weight were injected into a reaction vessel equipped with a cooling tube, a thermometer, a stirring device, a dropping funnel, and a nitrogen injection tube. Toluene' was introduced into a nitrogen gas bubble at a volume of 1 mL/min, and 5 parts by weight of azobisisobutyronitrile was dissolved by dropwise addition to 20 parts by weight of toluene. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the polymerization reaction was carried out at 70 ° C for 2 hours. Subsequently, toluene was removed to obtain a 2-ethylhexyl acrylate polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 200,000. 49.5 parts by weight of the obtained 2-ethylhexyl acrylate polymer, 49.5 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 1.0 part by weight of 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, and 0.5 parts by weight of IRGACURE 184 (Ciba) Special Chemicals Co., Ltd. trade name), stirred into a homogeneous solution (viscosity 290 0 mPas · s), to obtain a liquid transparent organic medium. (Preparation of liquid crystal display device) A continuous-bubble polyvinyl alcohol sponge (product name; Pelarin Dl, manufactured by AION Co., Ltd.) having a porosity (void ratio) of 89% and a thickness of 1 mm was cut into a width of 4 mm, and the inside was cut. Frames with dimensions of 30 mm x 40 mm and external dimensions of 3 8 mm X 4 8 mm are fixed 10 mm further to the outside than the glass frame and horizontally placed on the protective panel [glass thickness of 2 mm -86- 200915249 (4 0 mmx 5 0 mm )], 1.7 ml of the above liquid transparent organic medium was injected into the center portion at the inner side of the frame by a manual glue dispenser. The transparent organic medium is unfolded into a circular shape, and a part of the contact with the frame material is infiltrated, and a liquid crystal display panel (35 mm x 45 mm) is placed thereon, and the liquid transparent organic medium is pressed against the glass by the weight of the liquid crystal display panel itself. Expanded on the board and filled in the space formed between the glass plate and the liquid crystal panel and the frame material. At this time, the liquid transparent organic medium penetrates into the periphery of the frame material. Subsequently, the transparent organic medium containing the portion impregnated into the frame material was hardened and solidified by irradiation with an ultraviolet ray of 2 J/cm 2 from the side of the glass plate using an ultraviolet irradiation device to obtain a liquid crystal display device. The total light transmittance of the cured transparent organic medium was 91%. However, at this time, since V^l.2ml, Vf=0.62ml, R=89%, Vi+Vfx(R/100)=1.76ml, the amount of charge L=1.7ml is

Vi ^ L ^ V^VfX ( R/l 00 )之範圍內。 而且，如前述已說明者相同，V !爲液晶面扳、保護面 板及框材所包圍之空間體積，V2爲框材之空隙體積，vf 爲框材之體積，L爲所用液狀透明有機物介質之體積。 上述之液晶顯示裝置中，以框材前面作爲遮光罩照射 紫外線，含浸於框材中之塡充材呈未硬化之狀態’自從面 板突出之部分撕下框材並除去，顯示與上述液晶顯示裝置 相同之特性。即使於去除氣泡後移除框材，仍就此殘留， 但辨識部之顯示特性並沒有變化。 [實施例2 ] -87- 200915249 除框材使用氣孔率（空隙率）8 3 %，厚度1 m m之連 續氣泡聚胺基甲酸酯海綿（製品名；SOFRAS，ANION股 份有限公司製）以外，依據實施例1獲得液晶顯示用裝 置。 此時，Vi+VfxCR/ioo) =1.72ml。 [實施例3] 除框材使用氣孔率（空隙率）53%，厚度0.8 mm之連 續氣泡聚乙烯海綿（製SS;FILTAREN.SHEET，F-100，FILTAREN股份有限公司製）且樹脂充塡量L=i.2ml 以外，依據實施例1獲得液晶顯示用裝置。 此時，Vi+VfxCR/lOO) =1.22ml。 [實施例4] 除了框材使用氣孔率（空隙率）70%，厚度1 tnm之 聚丙儲不織布（製品名；SPRITOBB，SP-1100N，日本不 織布股份有限公司製）且樹脂充塡量L= l.5ml以外，依據 實施例1獲得液晶顯示用裝置。 此時，VdVfxCR/lOO) =1.63ml。 [實施例5] 除樹脂充塡量L = 1 . 3 m 1以外’依據實施例1獲得液晶 顯不用裝置。 -88- 200915249 [比較例1] 除了框材使用氣孔率（空隙率）〇%之矽酮橡膠片 (TIGERS POLYMER製）以外，依據實施例1獲得液晶 顯示用裝置。與實施例1相較，發現液態透明有機物介質 朝貼合面板之外周部之滲入較多。該部分由於氧之妨礙， 使光硬化無法進行而爲未硬化，以液狀發黏殘留。 於實施例與比較例所得之液晶顯示用裝置中，框材材 質、（空隙率）氣孔率、液狀透明有機物介質之充塡量顯 示於表2，液晶顯示用面板與透明保護面板間氣泡之混入 以及滲出部之硬化性評價結果列於表3。 [表2] 框材 氣孔率 R(%) 樹脂充塡量 L(ml) 實施例1 連續氣泡聚乙烯醇海綿 89 1.7 實施例2 連續氣泡聚胺基甲酸酯海綿 83 1.7 實施例3 連續氣泡聚乙烯海綿 53 1.2 實施例4 聚丙烯不織布 70 1.5 實施例5 連續氣泡聚乙烯醇海綿 89 1.3 實施例6 連續氣泡聚乙烯醇海綿 89 2 比較例1 矽酮橡膠片 0 1.7 -89- 200915249 [表3] 辨識部之氣泡數 樹脂朝外周部之滲出 外周部漏出部分 透明樹脂硬化狀熊 實施例1 0個 frrt Μ 完全硬化'' 實施例2 〇個 /fiat, 無 完全硬化 實施例3 0個 r. Μ 完全硬化 實施例4 〇個 Μ 完全硬化 實施例5 L 〇個 /frril Μ 完全硬化〜 比較例1 〇個 有 未硬化(液態） 評價法 (氣泡）以目視測定可辨識之最大對角長度2 〇 μηι以 上之氣泡個數。 (樹脂滲出）以目視評價。 吸收：滲出之樹脂全部包含於框材中。 洩漏：滲出之樹脂流到框材外面。 (滲出部之硬化性）使框材表面與Ρ Ε Τ薄膜接觸，若 樹脂附著於PET薄膜上，則判斷爲未硬化。 [實施例6] 於實施例1中’使用0.1重量份之二月桂醯基過氧化 物（日本油脂股份有限公司製）取代0.5重量份之 IGRACURE 1 84 ’獲得液狀透明有機物介質。接著使用此 液狀透明有機物介質’與實施例1同樣地使保護面板與液 晶顯示面板重疊’且與實施例1同樣地將液狀透明有機物 介質滲入框材四周。隨後’以7 0 〇C之送風烘箱乾燥1小 時’亦使含浸於框材中之透明有機物介質之部分硬化且固 -90- 200915249 體化’獲得液晶顯示用裝置。獲得與實施例1相同之結 果。而且，透明有機物介質之全光透過率爲90%。 [實施例7] 於實施例1之液狀透明有機物介質中追加〇. ；!重量份 之2，2 ’ -偶氮雙異丁腈，且與實施例1同樣將保護面板與 液晶顯示面板重疊。隨後使用紫外線照射裝置自玻璃板側 照射2 J/cm2紫外線之後’以70°C之送風烘箱乾燥1小 時’亦使含浸於框材部分中之透明有機物介質硬化並固體 化’獲得液晶顯示用裝置。獲得與實施例1相同之結果。 而且，透明有機物介質之全光透過率爲90%。 以下說明框材不同與透明有機物介質層中氣泡之有無 以及透明有機物介質自框材漏出之相關實施例。 [實施例8] (1 )框材貼附 準備4片液晶面板。如圖3 2所示，該等面板中之1 片液晶面板四邊貼附厚度1 mm、寬度1 2 mm之丙烯酸條 帶3 4作爲框材。該液晶面板設爲面板A 1。又丙烯酸條帶 爲非多孔質。此面板A 1並非本發明之面板，而是比較用 之面板（後述之面板A2亦同）。 剩下之3片液晶面板中之2片在其3邊上貼附上述之 丙烯酸條帶，剩下的1邊貼附厚度1 mm、寬度12 mm之 連續多孔性條帶3 5。此等液晶面板設爲面板B 1、面板 -91 - 200915249 B 2。最後之1片其3邊上貼附上述丙烯酸條帶，剩下的1 邊在液晶面板側貼附厚度〇. 8 mm、寬度1 2 mm之丙烯酸 條帶36後，於該條帶上貼附厚度0.2 mm之連續多孔質條 帶3 7。此液晶面板設爲面板C。又，所用非多孔質丙烯酸 條帶之橡膠硬度以Durometer A型硬度計測量爲2。 (2 )保護面板之貼附 針對面板Al、Bl、B2、C，以圖8所示之方法介以透 明有機物介質貼附保護面板。對面板A1及面板B 1 ’透明 有機物介質係使用黏度爲5000 mPa.s、表面張力爲35 mN/m之預聚物，對面板B2及面板C，透明有機物介質係 使用黏度爲1〇〇 mPa . s、表面張力爲28 mN/m之預聚物。 又，於所用之預聚物中添加可藉由光硬化之硬化劑。又， 有機物介質之折射率η爲1.47，保護面板之折射率nQ爲 1 .5 2，有機物介質之折射率η係在保護面板之折射率n〇之 ±0.2範圍內。 就面板B 1、B2、C，最後爲於連續多孔質條帶之部分 裝載保護面板之步驟。裝載保護面板後快速進行光硬化。 (3 )目視評價 光硬化後之面板A 1與面板B 1在其框外均無透明有機 物介質漏出。面板B 1其透明有機物介質層中未確認有氣 泡。但面板A1確認出透明有機物介質層中有多數氣泡。 裝載完保護面板之後，由於面板B1之氣泡吸收於連 -92- 200915249 續多孔質條帶內’故結果成爲無氣泡之透明有機 層。面板A由於框爲非多孔質因此不吸收氣泡，其 透明有機物介質層中存在著多數氣泡。 另一方面’光硬化後之面板B2之透明有機物 出框外。但面板C並無透明有機物介質漏出框外。 認爲係由於面板B 2之一邊的框全部爲連續多 料’故如1 00 mPa · s之低黏度透明有機物介質容易 連續多孔質構件中且漏出。 另一方面’認爲面板C爲貼附在液晶面板側（ 步驟爲透明有機物介質層之下部）上之厚度0.8 m 多孔質丙烯酸條帶封住透明有機物介質，且集中於 機物介質層上部之氣泡因吸收至厚度0.2 mm之連 質條帶中，而可無氣泡地貼附保護面板且使透明有 質不漏出成爲可能。 由上述，透明有機物介質不管爲高黏度或爲低 藉由面板C之框構成，可無氣泡地且透明有機物介 漏出地貼附保護面板。 [實施例9] (1 )框材貼附 準備1片液晶面板。如圖3 3之面板D所示， 板之3邊貼附厚度1 m m，寬度12 m m之丙烯酸條 框材，剩下之I邊在液晶面板側貼附厚度〇 · 8 m ir 1 2 mm之發泡胺基甲酸酯製之獨立氣泡型多孔質il 物介質 結果於 介質漏 孔質材 滲透入 於貼附 m之非 透明有 續多孔 機物介 黏度， 質不會 液晶面 帶作爲 ，寬度 I帶38 -93- 200915249 後，在該條帶上貼附厚度〇 · 2 m m之連續多孔質條帶。所 使用之獨立氣泡型多孔質條帶之橡膠硬度以Durometer A 型硬度計測量爲20。 (2 )保護面板貼附 對於面板D，以圖8所示之方法介以透明有機物介質 貼附保護面板。透明有機物介質係使用黏度爲1 00 mPa · S 且表面張力爲28 mN/m之透明有機物介質，又所用之透明 有機物介質亦可添加任一種藉由光可硬化之硬化劑。裝載 保護面板之後，使之快速進行光硬化。又，有機物介質之 折射率η爲1.47，保護面板之折射率nQ爲1.5 0，有機物 介質之折射率η係在保護面板之折射率n()之±0.2範圍 內。 (3 )目視評價 光硬化後之面板D於透明有機物介質中並未確認出氣 泡，而且框外並無透明有機物介質漏出。由本實施例可明 瞭，與面板C之丙烯酸條帶相同，使用發泡胺基甲酸酯製 之獨立氣泡型多孔質條帶亦可抑制透明有機物介質漏出。 [實施例10] (1 )框材貼附 準備1片液晶面板。如圖3 3之面板E1所示，液晶面 板之3邊貼附厚度1 m m、寬度1 2 m m之丙烯酸條帶作爲 -94- 200915249 框材，剩下之1邊以1 0 mm間隔貼附將上述丙烯酸條帶切 割成長度mm者39。進而在其更外側設置厚度1 mm、 寬度20 mm之連續氣泡型多孔質構件40。該連續氣泡型 多孔質構件4 0於貼附保護面板之後’以藉由撕下端部即 可容易去除程度之弱黏著劑貼附於丙烯酸條帶3 9上。使 用之非多孔質丙烯酸條帶之橡膠硬度以Dur〇meter A型硬 度計測量爲2。 (2 )保護面板貼附 對面板E1，以圖8所示般之方法介以透明有機物介 質貼附保護面板。透明有機物介質使用黏度爲1 〇〇 rnPa · s 且表面張力爲28 mN/m之材料。又所用之透明有機物介質 可添加藉由光可硬化之光硬化劑。裝載保護面板之後，使 預聚物快速進行光硬化。又，有機物介質之折射率η爲 1.47，保護面板之折射率nQ爲1.50，有機物介質之折射率 η係在保護面板之折射率nG之±0.2範圍內。 (3 )目視評價 光硬化後之面板E 1於透明有機物介質中並未確認出 氣泡。而且透明有機物介質被吸收於連續氣泡型多孔質構 件中，於其外側並未漏出透明有機物介質。撕下吸收有透 明有機物介質之連續氣泡型多孔質構件，除去後之面板 E1形成爲如圖3 3所示般。由本實施例，可明瞭即使僅以 非多孔質構件形成框之情況，藉由在框中設置間隙，可無 -95- 200915249 氣泡地貼附保護面板。 [實施例1 1] (1 )框材貼附 準備3片液晶面板。對該等面板之端部’如圖34所 示般，首先在液晶面板之3邊貼附厚度1 mm、寬度12 mm之丙烯酸條帶作爲框材。製作下列之面板：在剩下之 1邊以1 0 mm之間隔貼附將上述丙烯酸條帶切割成長度7 0 mm者39，進而在其外側設置厚度1 mm、寬度20 mm之 連續氣泡型多孔質構件40者（面板E2，與實施例1 0之 面板E 1相同構造）；以1 〇 ram之間隔貼附切割成直徑60 m m之圓形的丙嫌酸條帶4 1，進而在其外側設置厚度1 mm、寬度20 mm之連續氣泡型多孔質構件40者（面板 F ):以1 0 mm之間隔貼附切割成一邊5 0 mm正三角形之 丙烯酸條帶42，進而在其外側設置厚度1 mm、寬度20 mm之連續氣泡型多孔質構件4 0者（面板G )。使用之非 多孔質丙烯酸條帶之橡膠硬度以Durometer A型硬度計測 量爲 2。 (2 )保護面板貼附 對該3片面板，以圖8所示般之方法介以透明有機物 介質貼附保護面板。使用透明有機物介質之黏度爲5 00 mPa · s且表面張力爲40 mN/m之預聚物。又所用之預聚 物係添加有任一種藉由光可硬化之硬化劑。裝載保護面板 -96- 200915249 後快速進行光硬化。又’有機物介質之折射率η爲1.4 7， 保護面板之折射率η 〇爲1 . 5 1，有機物介質之折射率η係 在保護面板之折射率η〇之±0.2範圍內。 (3 )目視評價 光硬化後之面板E2於透明有機物介質層中在框材更 內側部分未確認有氣泡，而且’透明有機物介質吸收於連 續氣泡型多孔質構件中，其外側並無透明有機物介質漏 出。藉由撕下而除去吸收有透明有機物介質之連續氣泡型 多孔質構件後之面板E2形成爲如圖3 3所示般。但，框與 框間之1 0 mm間隙中確認有數個極小氣泡。該等氣泡被認 爲係吸附在框上者。此係認爲由於所用預聚物之表面張力 大如40 mN/m，因此空隙間難以被透明有機物介質塡滿， 其結果於框與框之間隙中不會有氣泡發生。 然而，面板F、面板G之框與框之間隙中亦未發現氣 泡。認爲係面板F之間隙間的面爲曲面而氣泡難以吸附 者。又認爲面板G由於間隙之面爲斜面，故氣泡難以吸附 者。 由本實施例，可明瞭藉由使間隙之面形狀成爲曲面或 斜面’亦可以框剖面無氣泡地貼合保護面板。 [實施例1 2 ] (1 )框材貼附 準備6片液晶面板。對該等面板之端部’如圖3 5、圖 -97- 200915249 3 6所示般，首先在液晶面板之2邊貼附厚度1 m m、寬度 1 2 mm之丙烯酸條帶作爲框材。製作下列面板：於剩下之 2邊貼附厚度1 mm、寬度12 mm之丙嫌酸條帶者（面板 A2，與實施例8之面板A1構造相同）；於剩下之2邊貼 附厚度1 mm'寬度12 mm之連續多孔質條帶35者（面板 Η ):在液晶面板側貼附厚度0.8 mm、寬度1 2 mm之丙烯 酸條帶36後，於其條帶上貼附厚度0.2 mm之連續多孔質 條帶3 7者（面板I );以1 0 mm之間隔貼附使上述丙烯 酸條帶切割成長度70 mm者39，進而在其外側設置厚度1 mm、寬度20 mm之連續氣泡型多孔質構件40者（面板 J ):以1 0 mm之間隔貼附使上述丙烯酸條帶切割成直徑 6 0 mm之圓形丙烯酸條帶41，進而在其外側設置厚度1 mm、寬度20 mm之連續氣泡型多孔質構件40者（面板 K ):以1 0 mm之間隔貼附切割成一邊爲5 0 mm之正三角 形之丙稀酸條帶42，進而在其外側設置厚度1 mm、寬度 20 mm之連續氣泡型多孔質構件40者（面板l )。使用之 非多孔質丙稀酸條帶之橡膠硬度以Durometer A型硬度計 測量爲2。 (2 )保護面板貼附 對該6片面板，以圖8所示般之方法介以透明有機物 介質貼附保護面板。使用透明有機物介質之黏度爲1 〇〇 mpa · s且表面張力爲40 mN/m之預聚物。又所用之預聚 物係添加有任一種藉由光可硬化之硬化劑。裝載保護面板 -98- 200915249 後快速進行光硬化。又，有機物介質之折射率η爲1.47， 保護面板之折射率nQ爲1 . 5 1，有機物介質之折射率n係 在保護面板之折射率η〇之±0.2範圍內。 (3 )目視評價 光硬化後之面板Α2於透明有機物介質層中確認有多 數氣泡。另一方面，面板Η於透明有機物介質層中未確認 出氣泡，可成爲無氣泡貼附。然而，框外漏出有透明有機 物介質。面板I於透明有機物介質層中未確認出氣泡，而 且框外無透明有機物介質漏出。面板Η則認爲由於1邊之 框爲連續多孔質構件，因此如1 〇〇 mP a · S之低黏度透明有 機物介質容易滲透入連續多孔質構件內而漏出。另一方 面，認爲面板I以貼附在液晶面板側（於貼附步驟爲透明 有機物介質層之下部）之厚度0.8 mm之非多孔質丙烯酸 條帶封住透明有機物介質，且集中於透明有機物介質層上 部之氣泡吸收於厚度〇. 2 mm之連續多孔質條帶中，藉此 可無氣泡地貼附保護面板，且可使透明有機物介質不會漏 出。 接著光硬化後之面板J在透明有機物介質層中框材更 內側部分並未確認出氣泡，而且透明有機物介質吸收於連 續氣泡型多孔質構件中，其外側無透明有機物介質漏出。 但，框與框之間之1 0 mm間隙中確認有數個極小氣泡。此 係認爲該等氣泡被吸附在框上者。此係認爲由於所用預聚 物之表面張力大如40 mN/m，因此間隙難以被透明有機物 -99- 200915249 介質塡滿，此結果不會於框與框之間隙中發生氣泡。然 而，面板K、面板L之框與框之間隙中亦未發現氣泡。認 爲係面板K爲間隙間之面爲曲面使氣泡難以吸附者。又認 爲面板L由於間隙之面爲斜面，故難以吸附氣泡者。 由本實施例，可明瞭藉由使間隙之面形狀成爲曲面或 斜面，可在框剖面亦無氣泡地貼附保護面板。 [實施例13] 製作3片之於背光單元上重疊偏光板、液晶面板、偏 光板之構造的液晶模組。進而於液晶模組上安裝控制系 統、電源等，製作圖像顯示裝置。其中2組爲驅動用1C 驅動器安裝於液晶面板下部，另一組係驅動用1C驅動器 安裝於液晶面板上部。於液晶面板下部安裝有驅動用1C 驅動器之液晶顯示裝置中之一組介以作爲透明有機物介質 之丙烯酸丁酯與甲基丙烯酸乙酯之共聚物設置厚度2 mm 之玻璃製保護面板。 丙烯酸丁酯與甲基丙烯酸乙酯之共聚物層厚度約爲1 mm ° 該等3組液晶顯示裝置於4(TC之室內連續使用3小 時。於是，於液晶面板上部安裝有驅動用1C驅動器之液 晶顯示裝置在驅動用1C驅動器結合部附近發生圖像模 糊。 若使用液晶顯示裝置，來自背光之熱使液晶顯示裝g 內加熱。尤其於上部加熱程度變大。驅動用1C驅動器亦 -100- 200915249 被加熱’其熱傳導至液晶面板。於液晶面板上部安裝有驅 動用1C驅動器之液晶顯示裝置之情況，認爲是由於自驅 動用1C驅動器傳到液晶面板之熱使溫度加熱至作爲液晶 之動作溫度附近，使液晶無法顯示液晶性，其結果使圖像 發生模糊。 其次，爲了去除畫面上之塵埃，而於畫面上噴霧弱鹼 性之玻璃清潔劑，之後以抹布擦拭，於液晶面板下部設置 有驅動用1C驅動器之液晶顯示裝置中未設有保護面板者 的畫面之一部分無法顯示出影像。於其他兩台並未引起此 等現象。經檢查，於噴霧有玻璃清潔劑之畫面上滴落水滴 並自偏光板與框架間隙到達驅動用1C驅動器，而沾濕驅 動器。認爲是因此使驅動用IC驅動器配線短路，結果使 畫面之一部分無法顯示影像者。即使以未混入洗劑的水代 替玻璃清潔劑，引起同樣的現象。 由以上顯示，就同時兼具防止因在高溫室內長期使用 引起的圖像模糊且亦可耐玻璃清潔劑或洗劑混合液等之液 體對畫面之清潔之防液性而言’較好爲驅動用1c驅動器 安裝於液晶面板下部且設有保護面板之液晶顯示裝置。 [實施例14] 組裝實施例8製作的液晶面板c而製作液晶電視 (a)。又以與實施例8之面板C相同之框構成’且除了 透明有機物介質中含有0.1重量％之色素NK3891 (林原生 物科學硏究所製）以外，以與面板c同樣方法製作液晶面 -101 - 200915249 板，將其組裝製作液晶電視（b)。 於本實施例之構成中，由於混入色素的效果，透明有 機物介質在波長490 nm附近有吸收峰而作爲光譜吸收層 發揮作用。藉此，進而可期待對比度（contrast )比提高 之效果。 液晶面板中所用之彩色濾光片利用有機顏料形成藍、 綠、紅之著色層。例如已知藍色有PB15:6 + PV23，綠色有 PG36 + PY150 -紅色有PR177 + PY83。有機顏料係以50 nm 〜200 nm左右之粒徑分散於基底聚合物中之狀態存在，但 由於其等爲瑞利（Rayleigh )散射之粒子系，因此來自配 置於液晶面板背面之光源的入射光散射，其散射光於黑色 顯示中成爲洩漏光，使得對比度比降低。爲了於液晶顯示 裝置中保持視角特性，由於不以平行光而以擴散光入射至 液晶面板，故其影響深刻。 此時，由於彩色濾光片之散射光接近瑞利散射，故在 彼本來之分光特性更短波長有峰値。尤其於綠色濾光片， 由於峰値波長自530 nm向短波長漂移至490 nm附近，爲 有光源發光之波長領域，且爲視感度比較高的波長領域， 因此對於對比度比的影響最大。例如，若爲近於窄帶域發 光螢光體之光源，則在490 nm附近有綠螢光體之副發 光，若爲發光二極體，則雖無發光峰値，但落於藍色或綠 色之發光二極體之發光區域中。亦即，於黑色顯示中， 490 nm的光變得特別強。 於本實施例，對透明有機物介質賦予吸收490 nm附 -102 - 200915249 近之光的作用，藉此’於黑色顯示中可吸 490 nm附近不需要的光。又，49〇 nm附 在白色顯示中非常弱’因此即使吸收此波 顯示之透過光強度不會有太大影響，因此 度比之效果。本實施例之液晶電視（b ) 1 量％之色素’其黑色顯示透過率比未添加^ 者減低1 3 % ’可使對比度比提高丨〇 %。 用以作爲光譜吸收層而發揮機能者， 附近具有吸收峰’可於透明有機物介質中 在本實施例中不用說當然並無限制。色素 所用色素之吸光度及黑色顯示、白色顯示 適當最適化者。 [實施例15] 於透明有機物介質中取代含有0.1 NK3 98 1 (林原生物科學硏究所製）而添加 奈米粒子以外，與實施例1 4之液晶電視< 液晶電視（c )。 藉由添加金屬奈米粒子，於黑色顯示 彩色濾光片顏料所散射之約490 nm附近 認對比度比之提高效果。又金屬奈米粒子 劑處理，可防止奈米粒子凝集而可於有I 散。以本實施例之構成，藉由混合0.2重 具有丙烯醯基之長鏈烷基硫醚作爲界面活 收特別被強調之 近之光強度由於 長，由於對白色 可得到提高對比 窨由添加0.1重 L液晶電視（a ) 只要在 490 nm 分散之色素，則 之添加量係考慮 之透過率而加以 重量％之色素 0.2重量％金屬 :b )同樣地製作 中變成可吸收被 之特異光，可確 表面以界面活性 裝介質中均一分 量％之使用例如 性劑而進行表面 -103- 200915249 處理之粒徑1 0 nm以下之金奈米粒子’可使黑色 低1 〇 %，其結果’對比度比可提高8 %。 金屬奈米粒子只要爲在490 nm附近有吸收 面經處理而可於有機介質中均一分散者’則可使 金屬之合金所構成之奈米粒子，於本實施例中不 並無限制。奈米粒子之添加量考慮所用粒子之吸 黑色顯示、白色顯示之透過率而加以適當最適化 [實施例16] 於透明有機物介質中取代含有0.1重量 N K 3 9 8 1 (林原生物科學硏究所製）而添加0.1 2 色素直接橙（direct orange) 39以外’與實施例 晶電視（b )同樣地製作液晶電視（e ) ° 藉由添加此色素，透明有機物介質層於波長 nm顯示二色性。因此，於黑色顯示中強度大的 域之光洩漏可效率良好地被吸收’且由於對白色 無影響，因此可提供對比度比且可修正黑色顯示 又，所添加之色素爲顯示二色性之色素’只要是 透明有機物介質之色素即可。 通常，液晶顯示裝置黑色顯示之色調比白色 調更帶有藍色。此由於偏光板偏光度的波長依存 黑色顯示中於4 0 0〜4 5 0 nm之波長領域的光洩漏 由本實施例之含有二色性色素之透明有機物介質 顯示中400〜450 nm之光洩漏可被吸收。藉此黑 透過率減 峰，其表 用由各種 用說當然 收係數、 %之色素 重量％之 14之液 400 〜500 短波長領 顯示幾乎 之色調。 可添加於 顯示之色 性，故於 變強。藉 ，於黑色 色顯示之 -104- 200915249 色調更接近於無彩色’又對比度比可提高3 %。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1爲顯示習知液晶顯示裝置之一例的模式剖面圖。 圖2爲顯示本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之一的液晶顯示 裝置一例的剖面圖。 圖3爲模式性地顯示本發明之圖像顯示用裝置的製造 方法之一例的剖面圖。 圖4爲顯示使用薄片狀透明有機物介質時之本發明圖 像顯示用裝置之一例的剖面圖。 圖5爲顯示本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之一例的剖面 圖。 圖 6爲顯示本發明之圖像顯示用裝置之一例的剖面 圖。 圖7爲習知之附有保護面板之液晶電視之液晶面板與 保護面板之槪略剖面圖。 圖8爲習知之附有保護面板之液晶電視的保護面板貼 附過程流程圖。 圖9爲習知之附有保護面板之液晶電視的保護面板貼 附之另一過程流程圖。 圖1 〇爲本發明之附有保護面板之液晶電視的保護面 板貼附過程流程圖。 圖1 1爲本發明之附有保護面板之液晶電視的保護面 板貼附之另一過程流程圖。 -105- 200915249 圖1 2爲顯示本發明之附有保護面板之液晶電視之框 材以及連續氣泡型多孔質構件之配置例之橫剖面圖。 圖1 3爲顯不本發明之液晶電視之框材以及連續氣泡 型多孔質構件之其他配置例之橫剖面圖。 圖1 4爲顯示本發明之附有保護面板之液晶電視之框 材以及連續氣泡型多孔質構件之又另一配置例之橫剖面 圖。 圖1 5爲顯示本發明之液晶電視之框材以及連續氣泡 型多孔質構件之又一配置例之橫剖面圖。 圖1 6爲本發明之液晶電視之液晶面板、有機物介 質、保護面板及框材附近之剖面圖。 圖1 7爲本發明之液晶電視之液晶面板、有機物介 質、保護面板及框材附近之其他例之剖面圖。 圖1 8爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之第一例的液晶模組 之剖面模式圖。 圖1 9爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之橫剖面模式圖。 圖2 0爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之第二例的液晶模組 之剖面模式圖。 圖2 1爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之第三例的液晶模組 之剖面模式圖。 圖22爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之偏光板、液晶面 板、偏光板及背光單元部分之平面圖及剖面圖。 圖23爲本發明之液晶顯不裝置之另一例之偏光板、 液晶面板、偏光板、背光單元及框架部分之平面圖及剖面 -106 - 200915249 圖。 圖2 4爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之又一例之偏光板、 液晶面板、偏光板及背光單元部分之剖面圖。 圖25爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之又其他例之偏光 板、液晶面板、偏光板及由發光二極體所構成之背光單元 部分之剖面圖。 圖26爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置中所用之背光單元之 發光二極體構造之立體圖。 圖2 7爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之第四例之液晶模組 之剖面模式圖。 圖28爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之第五例之液晶模組 之剖面模式圖。 圖2 9爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之第六例之液晶模組 之剖面模式圖。 圖3 0爲本發明之液晶顯示裝置之第七例之液晶模組 之剖面模式圖。 圖31爲具備有於本發明所用之含有層厚度控制粒子 之透明有機物介質層之液晶顯示裝置之剖面圖。 圖3 2爲顯示實施例8中面板框材之配置構成之橫剖 面圖。 圖33爲顯示實施例9、10之面板框材配置構成以及 貼附保護面板後之面板E 1之保護面板的下部構造之平面 圖。 圖3 4爲顯示實施例1 1中面板框材之配置構成之平面 -107- 200915249 圖。 圖3 5爲顯示實施例1 2中面板框材之配置構成例之平 面圖。 圖36爲顯示實施例12中面板框材之配置構成之其他 例之平面圖。 圖3 7爲顯示本發明之液晶電視全體構成之平面圖及 剖面圖。 圖3 8爲顯示本發明之液晶電視之其他全體構成之剖 面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 2 0 1 :玻璃 202 :間隔物 2 〇 3 :液晶 204 :液晶顯示元件 205 :偏光板等光學薄膜 206 :液晶面板 207 :保護面板 208 :空間 209 :背光單元 210 :框材 211 :透明有機物介質 2 1 1 a :液狀透明有機物介質 2 1 1 a’ ：液狀透明有機物介質經固化之透明有機物介 -108- 200915249 2 1 1 b :薄片狀透明有機物介質 2 1 2 :框體 1 :框 2 :透明有機物介質 3 :保護面板 4 :液晶面板 5 :自多孔質框漏出之透明有機物介質 6 :保護面板之懸掛治具 7 :連續氣泡型多孔質構件 8 :獨立氣泡型多孔質構件或非多孔質構件 9 :框高度 1 〇 :框寬度 1 1 :框的高度控制粒子 1 2 :背光單元 1 3 :偏光板 1 4 :液晶模組 1 5 :電源單元 1 6 :控制系統 1 7 :前部外框 1 8 :後部外框 1 9 :抗反射膜或抗眩膜 20 :框架 2 1 :驅動用IC驅動器 -109- 200915249 2 2 : F P C基板 23 :背光單元與液晶面板之外殻 24 :反射層 25 :螢光管 26 :擴散板 27 :擴散薄片 2 8 :稜鏡薄片 29 :外殻之上側部 3 0 :發光二極體 3 1 :發光部 3 2 :反射面 3 3 :層厚度控制粒子 34:厚度1 mm、寬12 mm之丙烯酸條帶 35:厚度1 mm、寬12 mm之連續多孔質條帶 36:厚度〇.8mm、寬12 mm之丙烧酸條帶 37 :厚度0.2 mm、寬12 mm之連續多孔質條帶 38:厚度0.8 mm、寬12 mm之發泡胺基甲酸酯製之 獨立氣泡型多孔質條帶 39:厚度1 mm、寬12 mm、長70 mm之丙烯酸條帶 40 :厚度1 mm、寬20 mm之連續氣泡型多孔質構件 41 :切成直徑60 mm圓形之丙烯酸條帶 42 :切成一邊爲50 mm之正三角形之丙烯酸條帶 1 0 1 :控制基板 1 0 2 :外殼 -110- 200915249 103 :接著層 104 :背光光源 105 :導光板Within the range of Vi ^ L ^ V^VfX ( R/l 00 ). Further, as described above, V! is the volume of the space surrounded by the liquid crystal panel, the protective panel, and the frame material, V2 is the void volume of the frame material, vf is the volume of the frame material, and L is the liquid transparent organic medium medium used. The volume. In the liquid crystal display device described above, the front surface of the frame material is irradiated with ultraviolet rays as a hood, and the immersion material impregnated in the frame material is in an uncured state. The frame material is removed from the portion protruding from the panel and removed, and the liquid crystal display device is displayed. The same characteristics. Even if the frame material was removed after removing the air bubbles, it remained, but the display characteristics of the identification portion did not change. [Example 2] -87- 200915249 In addition to the use of a continuous-cell polyurethane foam (product name; manufactured by SOFRAS, ANION Co., Ltd.) having a porosity (void ratio) of 83% and a thickness of 1 mm, the frame material was used. A device for liquid crystal display was obtained according to Example 1. At this time, Vi+VfxCR/ioo) = 1.72ml. [Example 3] A continuous-bubble polyethylene sponge (SS, FILTAREN.SHEET, F-100, FILTAREN Co., Ltd.) having a porosity (void ratio) of 53% and a thickness of 0.8 mm was used in addition to the frame material, and the resin was filled. A liquid crystal display device was obtained in accordance with Example 1 except L = i.2 ml. At this time, Vi+VfxCR/lOO) = 1.22 ml. [Example 4] A polypropylene storage non-woven fabric (product name; SPRITOBB, SP-1100N, manufactured by Nippon Nippon Co., Ltd.) having a porosity (void ratio) of 70% and a thickness of 1 tnm was used for the frame material, and the resin charge amount L = l A liquid crystal display device was obtained in accordance with Example 1 except for .5 ml. At this time, VdVfxCR/lOO) = 1.63 ml. [Example 5] A liquid crystal display device was obtained in accordance with Example 1 except that the resin charge amount L = 1.3 m 1 . -88-200915249 [Comparative Example 1] A liquid crystal display device was obtained according to Example 1, except that an anthrone rubber sheet (manufactured by TIGERS POLYMER) having a porosity (void ratio) of 5% was used for the frame material. In comparison with Example 1, it was found that the liquid transparent organic medium penetrated more into the outer peripheral portion of the bonding panel. In this part, due to the hindrance of oxygen, photohardening is not carried out and is not hardened, and it remains in a liquid form. In the liquid crystal display device obtained in the examples and the comparative examples, the frame material, (void ratio) porosity, and the liquid transparent organic medium charge amount are shown in Table 2, and the bubble between the liquid crystal display panel and the transparent protective panel. The results of the hardenability evaluation of the incorporation and the exudation section are shown in Table 3. [Table 2] Frame porosity R (%) Resin filling amount L (ml) Example 1 Continuous-bubble polyvinyl alcohol sponge 89 1.7 Example 2 Continuous-bubble polyurethane foam 83 1.7 Example 3 Continuous bubble Polyethylene sponge 53 1.2 Example 4 Polypropylene nonwoven fabric 70 1.5 Example 5 Continuous-bubble polyvinyl alcohol sponge 89 1.3 Example 6 Continuous-bubble polyvinyl alcohol sponge 89 2 Comparative Example 1 Anthrone rubber sheet 0 1.7 -89- 200915249 [Table 3] Number of bubbles in the identification portion Resin leaking toward the outer peripheral portion Part of the transparent resin hardened bear Example 1 0 frrt Μ Completely hardened '' Example 2 //fiat, no complete hardening Example 3 0 r完全 Completely hardened Example 4 〇 Μ Completely hardened Example 5 L 〇 / frril Μ Completely hardened ~ Comparative Example 1 有 Unhardened (liquid) Evaluation method (bubble) to visually determine the maximum diagonal length recognizable 2 The number of bubbles above ημηι. (Resin bleed out) was visually evaluated. Absorption: The exuded resin is all contained in the frame. Leakage: The oozing resin flows out of the frame. (The hardenability of the bleed portion) The surface of the frame material was brought into contact with the ruthenium film, and if the resin was adhered to the PET film, it was judged that it was not cured. [Example 6] A liquid transparent organic medium was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.1 part by weight of dilaurinyl peroxide (manufactured by Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd.) was used instead of 0.5 part by weight of IGRACURE 1 84 '. Then, the liquid transparent organic medium was used to overlap the protective panel and the liquid crystal display panel in the same manner as in Example 1. In the same manner as in Example 1, the liquid transparent organic medium was permeated into the periphery of the frame. Subsequently, the drying was carried out in a blowing oven at 70 ° C for 1 hour, and the portion of the transparent organic medium impregnated in the frame material was hardened and solidified to obtain a liquid crystal display device. The same results as in Example 1 were obtained. Moreover, the total light transmittance of the transparent organic medium is 90%. [Example 7] 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile was added to the liquid transparent organic medium of Example 1, and the protective panel was overlapped with the liquid crystal display panel in the same manner as in Example 1. . Subsequently, after irradiating 2 J/cm 2 of ultraviolet rays from the glass plate side with an ultraviolet irradiation device, 'drying in a blow oven at 70 ° C for 1 hour' also hardens and solidifies the transparent organic medium impregnated in the frame portion to obtain a liquid crystal display device. . The same results as in Example 1 were obtained. Moreover, the total light transmittance of the transparent organic medium is 90%. The following describes an embodiment in which the frame material is different from the presence or absence of bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer and the transparent organic medium leaks from the frame. [Example 8] (1) Attachment of frame material Four liquid crystal panels were prepared. As shown in Fig. 32, one of the liquid crystal panels of the panels is attached to the four sides of the acrylic strips having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm as a frame material. This liquid crystal panel is set to the panel A1. The acrylic strip is also non-porous. This panel A 1 is not a panel of the present invention, but a panel for comparison (the same applies to panel A2 to be described later). Two of the remaining three liquid crystal panels were attached to the three sides of the acrylic strip, and the remaining one side was attached with a continuous porous strip 35 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm. These liquid crystal panels are set to panel B 1 and panel -91 - 200915249 B 2. The last one of the three sheets is attached to the three sides of the acrylic strip, and the remaining one side is attached to the side of the liquid crystal panel with an acrylic strip 36 having a thickness of 8 mm and a width of 12 mm. Continuous porous strip with a thickness of 0.2 mm 3 7 . This liquid crystal panel is set to panel C. Further, the rubber hardness of the non-porous acrylic tape used was 2 as measured by a Durometer A type hardness meter. (2) Attachment of protective panel For the panels A1, B1, B2, and C, a protective panel is attached to the transparent organic medium by the method shown in Fig. 8. For the panel A1 and the panel B 1 'transparent organic medium, a prepolymer having a viscosity of 5000 mPa·s and a surface tension of 35 mN/m is used. For the panel B2 and the panel C, the transparent organic medium has a viscosity of 1 〇〇 mPa. s, prepolymer with a surface tension of 28 mN/m. Further, a hardener which can be cured by light is added to the prepolymer used. Further, the refractive index η of the organic medium is 1.47, the refractive index nQ of the protective panel is 1.52, and the refractive index η of the organic medium is within ±0.2 of the refractive index n〇 of the protective panel. In the case of panels B1, B2, C, and finally the step of loading the protective panel on portions of the continuous porous strip. Light hardening is performed quickly after loading the protective panel. (3) Visual evaluation Panel A 1 and panel B 1 after photohardening showed no transparent organic medium leakage outside the frame. No bubbles were confirmed in the transparent organic medium layer of the panel B1. However, panel A1 confirms that there are many bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer. After the protective panel is loaded, since the bubble of the panel B1 is absorbed in the continuous porous strip of the -92-200915249, the result is a bubble-free transparent organic layer. Panel A has a plurality of bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer because the frame is non-porous and therefore does not absorb bubbles. On the other hand, the transparent organic matter of the panel B2 after photohardening is out of the frame. However, panel C does not have a transparent organic medium leaking out of the frame. It is considered that since all of the frames on one side of the panel B 2 are continuous multi-materials, a low-viscosity transparent organic medium such as 100 mPa·s is easily leaked out of the continuous porous member. On the other hand, it is considered that the panel C is a 0.8 m porous acrylic strip attached to the liquid crystal panel side (step is a lower portion of the transparent organic medium layer) to seal the transparent organic medium, and is concentrated on the upper portion of the organic medium layer. Since the air bubbles are absorbed into the continuous strip having a thickness of 0.2 mm, the protective panel can be attached without bubbles and the transparent quality can be prevented from leaking out. From the above, the transparent organic medium is composed of the frame of the panel C regardless of whether it is high in viscosity or low, and the protective panel can be attached without bubbles and transparent organic substances. [Example 9] (1) Attachment of frame material One liquid crystal panel was prepared. As shown in panel D of Figure 3, the three sides of the board are attached with an acrylic frame with a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm, and the remaining one side is attached with a thickness of 〇· 8 m ir 1 2 mm on the side of the liquid crystal panel. The bubble-like urethane medium made of foamed urethane results in the permeability of the dielectric leaked material into the non-transparent continuous porous body attached to the m, and the quality does not act as a liquid crystal strip. After 38-93-200915249, a continuous porous strip of thickness 〇·2 mm was attached to the strip. The rubber hardness of the closed-cell type porous strip used was 20 as measured by a Durometer A type hardness meter. (2) Protective panel attachment For the panel D, a protective panel is attached to the transparent organic medium by the method shown in Fig. 8. The transparent organic medium is a transparent organic medium having a viscosity of 100 mPa·s and a surface tension of 28 mN/m, and the transparent organic medium used may be added with any hardenable hardener. After loading the protective panel, it is quickly hardened by light. Further, the refractive index η of the organic medium is 1.47, the refractive index nQ of the protective panel is 1.5 0, and the refractive index η of the organic medium is within ±0.2 of the refractive index n() of the protective panel. (3) Visual evaluation Panel D after photohardening was not confirmed in the transparent organic medium, and no transparent organic medium leaked out of the frame. As is apparent from the present embodiment, similarly to the acrylic tape of the panel C, the closed cell type porous strip made of the foamed urethane can also suppress the leakage of the transparent organic medium. [Example 10] (1) Attachment of frame material One liquid crystal panel was prepared. As shown in panel E1 of Figure 3, the three sides of the liquid crystal panel are attached with an acrylic strip having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm as the frame material of -94-200915249, and the remaining one side is attached at intervals of 10 mm. The above acrylic strip was cut into a length of 39. Further, a continuous cell type porous member 40 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm was provided on the outer side. The continuous-bubble-type porous member 40 is attached to the acrylic tape 39 by a weak adhesive which is easily removed by tearing off the end after attaching the protective panel. The rubber hardness of the non-porous acrylic strip used was 2 as measured by a Dur〇meter A type hardness meter. (2) The protective panel is attached to the panel E1, and the protective panel is attached by a transparent organic medium as shown in Fig. 8. The transparent organic medium uses a material having a viscosity of 1 〇〇 rnPa · s and a surface tension of 28 mN/m. Further used as a transparent organic medium, a photohardenable light hardener can be added. After loading the protective panel, the prepolymer is rapidly photohardened. Further, the refractive index η of the organic medium is 1.47, the refractive index nQ of the protective panel is 1.50, and the refractive index η of the organic medium is within ±0.2 of the refractive index nG of the protective panel. (3) Visual evaluation Panel E 1 after photohardening did not recognize bubbles in the transparent organic medium. Further, the transparent organic medium is absorbed in the continuous cell type porous member, and the transparent organic medium is not leaked on the outer side. The continuous cell type porous member absorbing the transparent organic medium was removed, and the removed panel E1 was formed as shown in Fig. 33. According to the present embodiment, it is understood that even if the frame is formed only by the non-porous member, by providing a gap in the frame, the protective panel can be attached to the bubble without the -95-200915249. [Example 1 1] (1) Attachment of frame material Three liquid crystal panels were prepared. As shown in Fig. 34, the end portions of the panels are first attached to the three sides of the liquid crystal panel with an acrylic tape having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm as a frame material. The following panels were fabricated: the above-mentioned acrylic strip was cut into a length of 70 mm on the remaining 1 side at intervals of 10 mm, and a continuous bubble type porous having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm was provided on the outer side thereof. The material member 40 (the panel E2 has the same structure as the panel E 1 of the embodiment 10); the circular acrylic strip 4 1 cut into a diameter of 60 mm is attached at intervals of 1 〇 ram, and further on the outside A continuous-bubble-type porous member 40 having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm (panel F) is attached: an acrylic strip 42 cut into a 50 mm equilateral triangle is attached at an interval of 10 mm, and a thickness is provided on the outer side thereof. A continuous-cell type porous member of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm (panel G). The rubber hardness of the non-porous acrylic tape used was measured by a Durometer Type A durometer. (2) Protective panel attachment The protective panel is attached to the three panels by a transparent organic medium as shown in Fig. 8. A prepolymer having a viscosity of 500 mPa·s and a surface tension of 40 mN/m using a transparent organic medium. Further, the prepolymer used is added with any hardener which is hardenable by light. Load the protective panel -96- 200915249 and quickly harden the light. Further, the refractive index η of the organic medium is 1.47, and the refractive index η 〇 of the protective panel is 1.5. 1. The refractive index η of the organic medium is within ±0.2 of the refractive index η of the protective panel. (3) Visual evaluation of the panel E2 after photohardening in the transparent organic medium layer, no bubbles were confirmed in the inner portion of the frame material, and the 'transparent organic medium was absorbed in the continuous cell type porous member, and no transparent organic medium leaked out on the outer side. . The panel E2 obtained by removing the continuous bubble type porous member absorbing the transparent organic medium by tearing off is formed as shown in Fig. 33. However, several tiny bubbles were confirmed in the 10 mm gap between the frame and the frame. These bubbles are considered to be adsorbed on the frame. It is considered that since the surface tension of the prepolymer used is as large as 40 mN/m, it is difficult to be filled with the transparent organic medium between the voids, and as a result, no bubbles occur in the gap between the frame and the frame. However, no bubbles were found in the gap between the frame and the frame of the panel F and the panel G. It is considered that the surface between the gaps of the panel F is a curved surface and the bubbles are difficult to adsorb. It is also considered that the face of the face G is inclined because the face of the gap is so that the bubble is difficult to adsorb. According to the present embodiment, it is understood that the protective panel can be bonded to the frame without a bubble by making the surface shape of the gap into a curved surface or a sloped surface. [Example 1 2 ] (1) Attachment of frame material Six liquid crystal panels were prepared. As shown in Fig. 35, Fig.-97-200915249 36, the end portions of the panels are attached to the two sides of the liquid crystal panel with an acrylic strip having a thickness of 1 m and a width of 12 mm as a frame material. The following panels were made: a layer of 1 mm thick and 12 mm wide acrylic strips were attached to the remaining 2 sides (panel A2, identical to panel A1 of Example 8); thickness was attached to the remaining 2 sides Continuous porous strip of 1 mm' width of 12 mm (panel Η): After attaching an acrylic strip 36 having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a width of 12 mm to the side of the liquid crystal panel, a thickness of 0.2 mm is attached to the strip. The continuous porous strip 3 7 (panel I); attached at intervals of 10 mm to cut the above-mentioned acrylic strip into a length of 70 mm 39, and furtherly provided a continuous bubble having a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm on the outer side thereof Type of porous member 40 (Panel J): The above-mentioned acrylic strip was cut into a circular acrylic strip 41 having a diameter of 60 mm at intervals of 10 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 20 mm were provided on the outer side thereof. In the case of the continuous-bubble-type porous member 40 (panel K): an acrylic strip 42 cut into an equilateral triangle having a side of 50 mm was attached at intervals of 10 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm and a width was provided on the outer side. 20 mm continuous-cell type porous member 40 (panel l). The rubber hardness of the non-porous acrylic acid strip used was measured as 2 by a Durometer Type A durometer. (2) Protective panel attachment The protective panel is attached to the six panels by a transparent organic medium as shown in Fig. 8. A prepolymer having a viscosity of 1 〇〇 mpa · s and a surface tension of 40 mN/m using a transparent organic medium. Further, the prepolymer used is added with any hardener which is hardenable by light. Fasten the light hardening after loading the protective panel -98- 200915249. Further, the refractive index η of the organic medium is 1.47, and the refractive index nQ of the protective panel is 1.5. 1. The refractive index n of the organic medium is within ±0.2 of the refractive index η of the protective panel. (3) Visual evaluation Panel Α 2 after photohardening confirmed that there were many bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer. On the other hand, the panel is not confirmed to have bubbles in the transparent organic medium layer, and it can be bubble-free attached. However, a transparent organic medium leaks out of the frame. No bubbles were confirmed in the panel I in the transparent organic medium layer, and no transparent organic medium leaked out of the frame. The panel 认为 considers that since the frame of one side is a continuous porous member, the low-viscosity transparent organic medium such as 1 〇〇 mP a · S easily penetrates into the continuous porous member and leaks out. On the other hand, it is considered that the panel I seals the transparent organic medium with a non-porous acrylic strip having a thickness of 0.8 mm attached to the liquid crystal panel side (the lower portion of the transparent organic medium layer in the attaching step), and concentrates on the transparent organic substance. The bubbles in the upper portion of the dielectric layer are absorbed in a continuous porous strip having a thickness of 〇 2 mm, whereby the protective panel can be attached without bubbles, and the transparent organic medium can be prevented from leaking out. Then, the panel J after the photohardening is not confirmed in the inner portion of the frame in the transparent organic medium layer, and the transparent organic medium is absorbed in the continuous bubble type porous member, and no transparent organic medium leaks on the outer side. However, several tiny bubbles were confirmed in the 10 mm gap between the frame and the frame. This system considers that the bubbles are adsorbed on the frame. This is considered to be because the surface tension of the prepolymer used is as large as 40 mN/m, so that the gap is difficult to be filled by the transparent organic matter -99-200915249 medium, and as a result, bubbles do not occur in the gap between the frame and the frame. However, no bubbles were found in the gap between the frame and the frame of the panel K and the panel L. It is considered that the panel K is a surface between the gaps to make the bubbles difficult to adsorb. It is also considered that the panel L is inclined because the surface of the gap is difficult to adsorb bubbles. According to the present embodiment, it is understood that the protective panel can be attached to the frame cross section without bubbles by making the surface shape of the gap a curved surface or a sloped surface. [Embodiment 13] Three liquid crystal modules having a structure in which a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, and a polarizing plate were superposed on a backlight unit were produced. Further, a control system, a power source, and the like are mounted on the liquid crystal module to produce an image display device. Two sets of drive 1C drives are mounted on the lower part of the LCD panel, and the other set drive 1C drive is mounted on the upper part of the LCD panel. One of the liquid crystal display devices in which the driving 1C driver is mounted on the lower portion of the liquid crystal panel is provided with a glass protective cover having a thickness of 2 mm as a copolymer of butyl acrylate and ethyl methacrylate as a transparent organic medium. The thickness of the copolymer layer of butyl acrylate and ethyl methacrylate is about 1 mm. The three groups of liquid crystal display devices are used continuously for 4 hours in 4 (TC room). Therefore, a driving 1C driver is mounted on the upper portion of the liquid crystal panel. In the liquid crystal display device, image blur occurs in the vicinity of the driving 1C driver bonding portion. When a liquid crystal display device is used, the heat from the backlight heats the liquid crystal display device g. In particular, the upper heating degree is increased. The driving 1C driver is also -100- 200915249 is heated. The heat is transmitted to the liquid crystal panel. When the liquid crystal display device for driving the 1C driver is mounted on the upper portion of the liquid crystal panel, it is considered that the temperature is heated to the liquid crystal by the heat transmitted from the 1C driver to the liquid crystal panel. In the vicinity of the temperature, the liquid crystal is not displayed, and the image is blurred. Secondly, in order to remove dust on the screen, a weakly alkaline glass cleaner is sprayed on the screen, and then wiped with a rag to set the lower portion of the liquid crystal panel. One of the screens of the liquid crystal display device with a 1C driver for driving does not have a protective panel. The image was taken out. The other two did not cause such a phenomenon. After inspection, the water droplets were dropped on the screen with the glass cleaner and the gap between the polarizing plate and the frame reached the driving 1C driver, and the driver was wetted. Therefore, the driver IC driver wiring is short-circuited, and as a result, the image cannot be displayed in one part of the screen. Even if the glass cleaner is replaced by water that is not mixed with the lotion, the same phenomenon is caused. The image caused by long-term use is blurred and can also be resistant to the liquid repellency of the liquid such as the glass cleaner or the lotion mixture. It is preferable that the driving 1c driver is mounted on the lower portion of the liquid crystal panel and is provided with a protective panel. [Liquid 14] The liquid crystal panel (c) produced by assembling the liquid crystal panel c produced in Example 8 was fabricated in the same frame as the panel C of Example 8, and contained 0.1 weight in addition to the transparent organic medium. A liquid crystal surface -101 - 200915249 board was produced in the same manner as the panel c except for the pigment NK3891 (manufactured by Hayashibara Bioscience Research Institute). Liquid crystal television (b) In the configuration of the present embodiment, the transparent organic medium has an absorption peak at a wavelength of around 490 nm and functions as a spectral absorption layer due to the effect of mixing the dye. Thereby, a contrast ratio can be expected. The color filter used in the liquid crystal panel uses an organic pigment to form a blue, green, and red coloring layer. For example, it is known that blue has PB15:6 + PV23, green has PG36 + PY150 - red has PR177 + PY83. The organic pigment is present in a state in which a particle diameter of about 50 nm to 200 nm is dispersed in the base polymer, but since it is a Rayleigh scattering particle system, incident light from a light source disposed on the back surface of the liquid crystal panel Scattering, which scatters light into a black light, causes the contrast ratio to decrease. In order to maintain the viewing angle characteristics in the liquid crystal display device, since the diffused light is not incident on the liquid crystal panel in parallel light, the effect is profound. At this time, since the scattered light of the color filter is close to Rayleigh scattering, there is a peak in the shorter wavelength of the original spectral characteristic. In particular, in the green filter, since the peak wavelength shifts from 530 nm to a short wavelength to around 490 nm, it is a wavelength field in which a light source emits light, and is a wavelength region having a relatively high visual sensitivity, so that the contrast ratio is most affected. For example, if it is a light source close to a narrow-band luminescent phosphor, there is a sub-luminescence of the green phosphor near 490 nm, and if it is a light-emitting diode, there is no luminescence peak, but it falls in blue or green. In the light-emitting area of the light-emitting diode. That is, in the black display, the light at 490 nm becomes extremely strong. In the present embodiment, the transparent organic medium is allowed to absorb the light of 490 nm with a light of -102 - 200915249, whereby the unnecessary light near 490 nm can be absorbed in the black display. Also, 49 〇 nm is very weak in the white display', so even if the transmitted light intensity is not greatly affected by the absorption of this wave, the effect is compared. In the liquid crystal television (b) of the present embodiment, the amount of the pigment in the black product showed a decrease in the contrast ratio by 丨〇% when the black display transmittance was reduced by 13% from the unadded one. In the present embodiment, it is needless to say that there is a function as a spectral absorption layer, and an absorption peak in the vicinity can be used in the transparent organic medium. The absorbance of the pigment used in the pigment, the black display, and the white display are appropriately optimized. [Example 15] A liquid crystal television < liquid crystal television (c) of Example 14 was added to a transparent organic medium instead of 0.1 NK3 98 1 (manufactured by Hayashibar Biosciences Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.). By adding metal nanoparticles, the contrast ratio of about 490 nm scattered by the color filter pigment is observed in black. The metal nanoparticle treatment prevents the particles from agglutinating and can be dispersed. With the constitution of the present embodiment, the light intensity of the near-light is particularly emphasized by mixing 0.2 weight of the long-chain alkyl sulfide having an acrylonitrile group as the interface, since the white color can be improved, and the weight is increased by 0.1. L liquid crystal television (a) is a pigment which is dispersed at 490 nm, and the amount of addition is based on the transmittance of the pigment. 0.2% by weight of the pigment is used. b) The same specific light is absorbed in the production. The surface is treated with a uniform component of the interface active medium, for example, a sexual agent, and the surface of the gold-nanoparticles having a particle size of 10 nm or less treated with a surface of -103-200915249 can reduce the black by 1%, and the result can be 'contrast ratio'. Increase by 8%. The metal nanoparticles can be made of an alloy of a metal as long as it has an absorption surface in the vicinity of 490 nm and can be uniformly dispersed in an organic medium, and is not limited in this embodiment. The amount of addition of the nanoparticles is appropriately optimized in consideration of the black absorption of the particles used and the transmittance of the white display [Example 16] The substitution of 0.1 weight of NK 3 9 8 1 in a transparent organic medium (Linyuan Bioscience Research Institute) Adding 0.1 2 dye direct orange 39 other than the example crystal TV (b) to produce a liquid crystal television (e) ° By adding this pigment, the transparent organic medium layer exhibits dichroism at a wavelength nm . Therefore, the light leakage in the region where the intensity is high in the black display can be efficiently absorbed' and since there is no influence on the white color, the contrast ratio can be provided and the black display can be corrected, and the added pigment is a pigment exhibiting dichroism. 'As long as it is a pigment of a transparent organic medium. Generally, the black color of the liquid crystal display device is more blue than the white color. The light leakage in the wavelength range of 400 to 450 nm in the black display due to the polarization degree of the polarizing plate is caused by the light leakage of 400 to 450 nm in the transparent organic medium containing the dichroic dye of the embodiment. absorbed. Thereby, the black transmittance is reduced, and the surface is displayed by a variety of liquids of 400 to 500 short wavelengths, which are of course a good value, and a % by weight of the pigment. It can be added to the color of the display, so it becomes stronger. Borrowed, the black color shows -104- 200915249, the hue is closer to achromatic, and the contrast ratio can be increased by 3%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional liquid crystal display device. Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a liquid crystal display device which is one of the image display devices of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a method of manufacturing the image display device of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the apparatus for displaying an image of the present invention when a sheet-like transparent organic medium is used. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the image display device of the present invention. Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal panel and a protective panel of a conventional LCD panel with a protective panel. Fig. 8 is a flow chart showing the process of attaching a protective panel of a conventional LCD panel with a protective panel. Fig. 9 is a flow chart showing another process of attaching a protective panel of a conventional LCD panel with a protective panel. Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing the process of attaching a protective panel to a liquid crystal television with a protective panel of the present invention. Fig. 11 is a flow chart showing another process of attaching a protective panel of a liquid crystal television with a protective panel of the present invention. -105- 200915249 Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement example of a frame of a liquid crystal television with a protective panel of the present invention and a continuous cell type porous member. Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the arrangement of the frame material of the liquid crystal television of the present invention and the continuous bubble type porous member. Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing still another arrangement example of the frame of the liquid crystal television with a protective panel of the present invention and the continuous cell type porous member. Fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing still another arrangement example of the frame material of the liquid crystal television of the present invention and the continuous bubble type porous member. Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of a liquid crystal panel, an organic medium, a protective panel, and a frame of a liquid crystal television of the present invention. Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the vicinity of the liquid crystal panel, the organic medium, the protective panel, and the frame member of the liquid crystal television of the present invention. Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal module of a first example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal module of a second example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal module of a third example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 22 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a portion of a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, and a backlight unit of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 23 is a plan view and a cross section of a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, a backlight unit, and a frame portion of another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention - 106 - 200915249. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a portion of a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, and a backlight unit of still another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Fig. 25 is a cross-sectional view showing a polarizing plate, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing plate, and a portion of a backlight unit comprising a light emitting diode according to still another example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Fig. 26 is a perspective view showing the structure of a light-emitting diode of a backlight unit used in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal module of a fourth example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 28 is a cross-sectional schematic view showing a liquid crystal module of a fifth example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 29 is a cross-sectional schematic view showing a liquid crystal module of a sixth example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 30 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal module of a seventh example of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention. Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a liquid crystal display device having a transparent organic medium layer containing layer thickness controlling particles used in the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of the panel frame material in the eighth embodiment. Fig. 33 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the panel frame material of the ninth and tenth embodiments and the lower structure of the protective panel of the panel E1 to which the protective panel is attached. Fig. 34 is a plan showing the arrangement of the panel frame material in the embodiment 11 - 107- 200915249. Fig. 35 is a plan view showing an example of the arrangement of the panel frames in the embodiment 12. Fig. 36 is a plan view showing another example of the arrangement of the panel frames in the twelfth embodiment. Figure 7 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing the overall configuration of a liquid crystal television of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the other overall configuration of the liquid crystal television of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols] 2 0 1 : Glass 202 : Spacer 2 〇 3 : Liquid crystal 204 : Liquid crystal display element 205 : Optical film such as polarizing plate 206 : Liquid crystal panel 207 : Protective panel 208 : Space 209 : Backlight unit 210 : Frame Material 211: transparent organic medium 2 1 1 a : liquid transparent organic medium 2 1 1 a': liquid transparent organic medium solidified transparent organic matter -108- 200915249 2 1 1 b : flaky transparent organic medium 2 1 2 : Frame 1 : Frame 2 : Transparent organic medium 3 : Protective panel 4 : Liquid crystal panel 5 : Transparent organic medium leaking from the porous frame 6 : Hanging jig for protective panel 7 : Continuous bubble type porous member 8 : Independent bubble Type of porous member or non-porous member 9: frame height 1 〇: frame width 1 1 : height of frame control particle 1 2 : backlight unit 1 3 : polarizing plate 1 4 : liquid crystal module 1 5 : power supply unit 1 6 : Control system 1 7 : Front outer frame 1 8 : Rear outer frame 1 9 : Anti-reflection film or anti-glare film 20 : Frame 2 1 : Driving IC driver -109- 200915249 2 2 : FPC board 23 : Backlight unit and liquid crystal Panel shell 24: reflective layer 25: fluorescent tube 26: diffusing plate 27: diffusion sheet 2 8 : tantalum sheet 29: outer side portion of the outer casing 30: light emitting diode 3 1 : light emitting portion 3 2 : reflecting surface 3 3 : layer thickness controlling particle 34: thickness 1 mm , 12 mm wide acrylic strip 35: continuous porous strip with a thickness of 1 mm and a width of 12 mm 36: a sulphuric acid strip with a thickness of 88 mm and a width of 12 mm 37: continuous thickness 0.2 mm, width 12 mm Porous strip 38: a bubble-shaped porous strip made of a foamed urethane having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a width of 12 mm 39: an acrylic strip having a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 12 mm and a length of 70 mm 40: thickness 1 mm, 20 mm wide continuous-cell type porous member 41: A 60-mm circular acrylic strip 42: An acrylic strip cut into an equilateral triangle of 50 mm on one side 1 0 1 : Control substrate 1 0 2 : Housing-110- 200915249 103 : Adhesive layer 104: Backlight source 105: Light guide plate

Claims (1)

200915249 十、申請專利範圍 1，一種圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法，其特徵爲其係於 圖像顯示用面板與設置在該圖像顯示用面板之辨識側之保 護面板間未介有空氣層而介以由透明有機物介質所構成之 層配置之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方法，該方法包含下列步 驟： 於設置有具有可使空氣通過之多數空隙的框材之圖像 顯示用面板或保護面板之其一面板之以上述框材所包圍之 內側，注入液狀透明有機物介質之步驟； 於上述框材上載置圖像顯示用面板或保護面板中之另 一面板之步驟；以及 使注入之上述液狀透明有機物介質固化之步驟。 2 _如申請專利範圍第1項之圖像顯示用裝置之製造方 法’其中所使用之液狀透明有機物介質之體積爲圖像顯示 用面板、保護面板及框材所包圍之體積以上。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之圖像顯示用裝置之製 造方法，其中所使用之液狀透明有機物介質之體積爲圖像 顯示用面板、保護面板及框材所包圍之體積與框材的全部 空隙的體積之和以下。 4.如申請專利範圍第1至3項中任一項之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中上述液狀透明有機物介質爲含有两 烯酸系衍生物聚合物與1分子內具有〗個以上聚合性不飽 和鍵之化合物且可藉由熱或活性光線照射而聚合者。 5 _如申請專利範圍第1至4項中任一項之圖像顯示用 -112 - 200915249 造方法’其中上述透明有機物介質之全光線透過 率爲50%以上。 6·如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中上述框材爲連續氣泡之多孔質片 材。 7.如申請專利範圍第1至6項中任一項之圖像顯示用 裝置之製造方法，其中上述框材之空隙率爲20%〜9 8%。 8 .如申請專利範圍第1至7項中任一項之圖像顯示用 造方法，其中於使上述液狀透明有機物介質固化 之步驟之後’包含除去框材之步驟。 9 · 一種圖像顯示用裝置，其特徵爲以申請專利範圍第 1至7項中任一項之方法獲得，且於框材內含浸有透明有 機物介質。 1 〇 · —種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵爲具備有：背光單 元；由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、 定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板；設於該液晶面板之非 面向該背光單元側之透明保護面板；設於該液晶面板兩側 之偏光板；配置於該保護面板與該液晶面板之間的透明有 機物介質層；以及以包圍該透明有機物層之方式形成之框 材；上述保護面板側之該框材之至少一部分爲連續氣泡型 多孔質構件，且於上述液晶面板側之與上述連續氣泡型多 孔質構件相接之該框材爲非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔 質構件。 11.一種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵爲具備有：背光單 -113- 200915249 元；由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、 定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板；設於該液晶面板之非 面向該背光單元側之透明保護面板；設於該液晶面板兩側 之偏光板；配置於該保護面板與該液晶面板之間的透明有 機物介質層；以及以包圍該透明有機物介質層之方式形成 之由非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件所構成之框 材；其中上述保護面板側之該框材之至少一邊的一部分有 缺損。 12.—種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵係具備有背光單元及 由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、定向 層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護 面板；於該液晶面板之兩面貼附有偏光板；於該保護面板 與該液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介質層；以及於該透明 有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材，於至少該框材之一邊之 保護面板側使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件，於液晶面板側使 用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件。 1 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1 2項之液晶顯示裝置，其中於 上述框材之保護面板側之使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件之該 邊以外的邊上結合有驅動用1C驅動器。 14. 一種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵係配置有背光單元及 由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、定向 層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護 200915249 面板；於該液晶面板之兩面上貼附有偏光板；於上述保護 面板與上述液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介質層；於該透 明有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材，該框材之四邊同時使 用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件且至少一邊有一 處以上的間隙。 1 5 .如申請專利範圍第1 4項之液晶顯示裝置，其中上 述一處以上之間隙位在邊的端部。 1 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1 4或1 5項之液晶顯示裝置， 其中於使用有一處以上間隙之框材之邊以外之邊上結合有 驅動用IC驅動器。 1 7.如申請專利範圍第1 2至1 6項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶 面板、上述2片偏光板係位於一外殼內，上述保護面板介 以該透明有機物介質層貼合在該液晶面板上。 1 8 ·如申請專利範圍第丨2至1 6項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶 面板、上述2片偏光板係位於一外殼內，上述保護面板介 以該透明有機物介質層貼合在該液晶面板上，上述保護面 板之面積大於上述液晶面板，且使上述保護面板與上述外 殼結合。 1 9 . 一種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵爲其係配置有背光單 元及由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、 定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之背光單元側之面上貼附有偏光板； -115- 200915249 於上述液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護面 板；於該保護面板與該液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介質 層；於該透明有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材，於至少該 框材之一邊之保護面板側使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件，於 該液晶面板側使用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構 件，且於該保護面板之該透明有機物介質層側上貼附有偏 光板。 2 0.如申請專利範圍第1 9項之液晶顯示裝置，其中於 上述框材之保護面板側之使用連續氣泡型多孔質構件之邊 上未結合驅動用1C驅動器。 2 1 . —種液晶顯示裝置，其特徵爲其係配置有背光單 元及由2片玻璃基板所保持且於內部具有電極、液晶層、 定向層以及彩色濾光片之液晶面板者；其中 於上述液晶面板之背光單元側之面上貼附有偏光板； 於該液晶面板之非面向該背光單元側具有透明保護面板； 且於上述保護面板與上述液晶面板之間具有透明有機物介 質層；於該透明有機物介質層之四邊端部有框材，該框材 之四邊同時使用非多孔質構件或獨立氣泡型多孔質構件， 其至少一邊具有一處以上之間隙，且於該保護面板之該透 明有機物介質層側貼附有偏光板。 2 2 ·如申請專利範圍第2 1項之液晶顯示裝置，其中上 述一處以上之間隙位在邊的端部。 23 ·如申請專利範圍第2 1或22項之液晶顯示裝置， 其中於使用有一處以上間隙之框材之邊以外之邊上結合有 -116- 200915249 驅動用1C驅動器。 24. 如申請專利範圍第19至23項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶 面板係位於一外殼內，且上述保護面板與上述偏光板面介 以上述透明有機物介質層貼合在上述液晶面板上。 25. 如申請專利範圍第19至23項中任一項之液晶顯 不裝置’其中上述液晶顯不裝置中，上述背光、上述液晶 面板係位於一外殼內，上述保護面板與上述偏光板面介以 上述透明有機物介質層貼合在上述液晶面板上，該保護面 板之面積大於該液晶面板，且該保護面板與該外殼結合。 26. 如申請專利範圍第12至16項及第19至23項中 任一項之液晶顯示裝置，其中上述背光、上述液晶面板、 上述兩片偏光板、上述透明有機物之介質層、上述保護面 板係位於一外殼內。 2 7.如申請專利範圍第12至16項及第19至23項中 任一項之液晶顯示裝置，上述液晶顯示裝置中，上述背 光、上述液晶面板、上述兩片偏光板係位於一外殼內，上 述保護面板係介以上述透明有機物介質層貼合在上述液晶 面板上，上述保護面板之面積大於上述液晶面板，上述保 護面板與上述外殼結合，且上述液晶面板及上述兩片偏光 板係以透明有機物介質層予以保持。 2 8 .如申請專利範圍第1 〇至2 7項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述非多孔質構件之橡膠硬度以Durometer A硬度計測得爲0〜3 0。 -117- 200915249 2 9 .如申請專利範圍第1 0至2 8項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述非多孔質構件中’含有與上述透明有機 物介質層厚度相同的直徑的粒子。 3 0 .如申請專利範圍第1 0至2 9項中任—項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述獨立氣泡型多孔質構件之橡膠硬度以 DurometerA硬度計測得爲30以下。 3 i .如申請專利範圍第1 0至3 0項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述液晶面板之驅動用1 C驅動器’係配置 在使上述液晶面板直立時之上述液晶面板之與地面最接近 一邊及與該一邊垂直之兩邊之任一邊上。 3 2 .如申請專利範圍第1 〇至3 1項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層厚度爲0.1至10 mm ° 3 3 .如申請專利範圍第1 〇至3 2項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層之橡膠硬度以 DurometerA硬度計測得爲30以下。 34.如申請專利範圍第1〇至33項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層之構成構件的折射率 η，於保護面板之折射率設爲nG時，其折射率符合下式： η〇·0·2<η<η〇 + 〇·2 。 3 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1 〇至3 4項中任一項之液晶顯 示裝置，其中上述透明有機物介質層含有於可見光領域有 吸收之化合物。 3 6 .如申請專利範圍第1 〇至3 5項中任一項之液晶顯 -118- 200915249 示裝置，其中上述保護面板之未面向該透明有機物介質層 之側上具有抗反射膜或抗眩膜。 3 7.如申請專利範圍第36項之液晶顯示裝置，其中上 述抗反射膜或抗眩膜係由氧化矽微粒子與具有水解性基之 矽化合物所形成，且上述抗反射膜於其內部具有空隙。 3 8 ·如申請專利範圍第3 7項之液晶顯示裝置，其中上 述抗反射膜表面上具有由含有氟聚醚鏈或氟烷基鏈之化合 物所形成之層。 3 9 ·如申請專利範圍第3 8項之液晶顯示裝置，其中上 述抗反射膜表面上具有由含有全氟聚醚鏈之化合物所形成 之層。 -119-200915249 X. Patent Application No. 1, a method of manufacturing an image display device, characterized in that an air layer is not disposed between an image display panel and a protective panel disposed on an identification side of the image display panel And a method of manufacturing an image display device which is disposed in a layer composed of a transparent organic medium, the method comprising the steps of: providing an image display panel or a cover having a frame material having a plurality of voids through which air can pass. a step of injecting a liquid transparent organic medium on the inner side of the panel surrounded by the frame material; a step of placing the image display panel or another panel in the protective panel on the frame; and injecting The step of curing the above liquid transparent organic medium. 2 _ The method for producing an image display device according to the first aspect of the patent application' wherein the volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used is equal to or larger than the volume surrounded by the image display panel, the protective panel, and the frame member. 3. The method of manufacturing an image display device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the volume of the liquid transparent organic medium used is a volume and a frame surrounded by the image display panel, the protective panel, and the frame material. The sum of the volumes of all the voids of the material is below. 4. The method for producing an image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid transparent organic medium contains a polymer of a dienoic acid derivative and has more than one molecule per molecule. A compound of a polymerizable unsaturated bond and polymerizable by irradiation with heat or active light. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The method of producing an image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the frame material is a continuous sheet of porous sheets. 7. The method of manufacturing an image display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the frame material has a void ratio of 20% to 98%. The image display method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step of removing the frame material is carried out after the step of curing the liquid transparent organic medium. A device for image display, which is obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7, and which is impregnated with a transparent organic medium in the frame material. A liquid crystal display device comprising: a backlight unit; a liquid crystal panel having electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter held by two glass substrates; and being provided on the liquid crystal panel a transparent protective panel facing the backlight unit side; a polarizing plate disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal panel; a transparent organic medium layer disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and forming a transparent organic layer At least a part of the frame material on the side of the protective panel is a continuous cell type porous member, and the frame material that is in contact with the continuous bubble type porous member on the liquid crystal panel side is a non-porous member or A closed cell type porous member. A liquid crystal display device comprising: a backlight of -113-200915249; a liquid crystal panel which is held by two glass substrates and has electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; a transparent protective panel facing the backlight unit side of the liquid crystal panel; a polarizing plate disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal panel; a transparent organic medium layer disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and surrounding the transparent organic medium A frame material composed of a non-porous member or a closed cell type porous member formed in a layer manner; wherein at least one side of at least one side of the frame member on the side of the protective panel is defective. 12. A liquid crystal display device comprising: a backlight unit; and a liquid crystal panel held by two glass substrates and having electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; wherein the liquid crystal panel is a transparent protective panel is disposed on the side of the backlight unit; a polarizing plate is attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel; a transparent organic medium layer is disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and the four sides of the transparent organic medium layer are In the frame material, a continuous cell type porous member is used on at least one of the protective panel sides of the frame member, and a non-porous member or a closed cell type porous member is used on the liquid crystal panel side. In the liquid crystal display device of the first aspect of the invention, the driving 1C driver is coupled to the side of the protective panel side of the frame member other than the side of the continuous bubble type porous member. A liquid crystal display device characterized by being provided with a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel which is held by two glass substrates and has an electrode, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer and a color filter therein; wherein the liquid crystal panel is not a transparent protection 200915249 panel facing the backlight unit side; a polarizing plate is attached to both sides of the liquid crystal panel; a transparent organic medium layer is disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; and the transparent organic medium layer is at four ends There is a frame material, and the non-porous member or the closed-cell type porous member is used for the four sides of the frame material at the same time, and at least one side has at least one gap. The liquid crystal display device of claim 14, wherein the one or more gaps are located at the ends of the sides. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 14 or 15, wherein a driving IC driver is coupled to a side other than a side of a frame member having one or more gaps. The liquid crystal display device of any one of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display devices, wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are located in a casing, the protection The panel is adhered to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer. The liquid crystal display device of any one of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display devices, wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are located in a casing, the protection The panel is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer, and the protective panel has a larger area than the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel is coupled to the outer casing. A liquid crystal display device characterized by being provided with a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel which is held by two glass substrates and has electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; a polarizing plate is attached to the surface of the backlight unit of the panel; -115-200915249 has a transparent protective panel on the non-facing side of the liquid crystal panel; and a transparent organic medium layer between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; A frame material is provided at four end portions of the transparent organic medium layer, and a continuous cell type porous member is used on at least one of the protective panel sides of the frame member, and a non-porous member or a closed cell type porous member is used on the liquid crystal panel side. And a polarizing plate is attached to the transparent organic medium layer side of the protective panel. The liquid crystal display device of claim 19, wherein the driving 1C driver is not bonded to the side of the protective panel side of the frame member using the continuous cell type porous member. A liquid crystal display device characterized by being provided with a backlight unit and a liquid crystal panel which is held by two glass substrates and has electrodes, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment layer, and a color filter therein; a polarizing plate is attached to a surface of the backlight unit of the liquid crystal panel; a transparent protective panel is disposed on the non-facing side of the liquid crystal panel; and a transparent organic medium layer is disposed between the protective panel and the liquid crystal panel; The four sides of the transparent organic medium layer have a frame material, and the four sides of the frame material use a non-porous member or a closed-cell type porous member at the same time, and at least one side has at least one gap, and the transparent organic substance on the protective panel A polarizing plate is attached to the side of the dielectric layer. 2 2 The liquid crystal display device of claim 21, wherein the one or more gaps are located at the ends of the sides. The liquid crystal display device of claim 2, wherein the 1C driver for driving -116-200915249 is combined on the side other than the side of the frame material having one or more gaps. The liquid crystal display device of any one of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display devices, wherein the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are located in a casing, and the protective panel is interposed with the polarizing plate The transparent organic medium layer is bonded to the liquid crystal panel. The liquid crystal display device of any one of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display devices, wherein the backlight and the liquid crystal panel are located in a casing, and the protective panel and the polarizing plate are interposed. The transparent organic medium layer is bonded to the liquid crystal panel, the area of the protective panel is larger than the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel is combined with the outer casing. 26. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 12 to 16, wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, the two polarizing plates, the dielectric layer of the transparent organic material, and the protective panel It is located inside a casing. The liquid crystal display device of any one of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device, wherein the backlight, the liquid crystal panel, and the two polarizing plates are located in a casing. The protective panel is bonded to the liquid crystal panel via the transparent organic medium layer, wherein the protective panel has a larger area than the liquid crystal panel, and the protective panel is coupled to the outer casing, and the liquid crystal panel and the two polarizing plates are The transparent organic medium layer is maintained. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 27, wherein the rubber hardness of the non-porous member is 0 to 30 as measured by a Durometer A hardness meter. The liquid crystal display device of any one of the above-mentioned non-porous members, wherein the non-porous member contains particles having the same diameter as the thickness of the transparent organic medium layer. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of the above-mentioned claims, wherein the rubber-hardness of the above-described closed-cell type porous member is 30 or less as measured by a Durometer A hardness meter. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 10 to 30, wherein the driving 1 C driver of the liquid crystal panel is disposed on the ground with the liquid crystal panel when the liquid crystal panel is erected On either side of the side closest to one side and perpendicular to the side. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transparent organic medium layer has a thickness of 0.1 to 10 mm ° 3 3 , as in the patent application range 1 to 3 In any one of the liquid crystal display devices, the rubber hardness of the transparent organic medium layer is 30 or less as measured by a Durometer A hardness meter. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 33, wherein the refractive index η of the constituent members of the transparent organic medium layer is such that the refractive index of the protective panel is nG. The following formula: η〇·0·2<η<η〇+ 〇·2. The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transparent organic medium layer contains a compound which is absorbed in the visible light region. The device of claim 1, wherein the protective panel has an anti-reflection film or anti-glare on a side of the protective panel that is not facing the transparent organic medium layer. membrane. [3] The liquid crystal display device of claim 36, wherein the antireflection film or the antiglare film is formed of cerium oxide microparticles and a hydrazine compound having a hydrolyzable group, and the antireflection film has a void therein. . The liquid crystal display device of claim 3, wherein the antireflection film has a layer formed of a compound containing a fluoropolyether chain or a fluoroalkyl chain. The liquid crystal display device of claim 3, wherein the antireflection film has a layer formed of a compound containing a perfluoropolyether chain. -119-
TW97115720A 2006-10-31 2008-04-29 A method of manufacturing an image display device, an image display device, and a liquid crystal display device TWI406206B (en)

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JP2007052688A JP5057136B2 (en) 2006-10-31 2007-03-02 Method for manufacturing image display device and image display device
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JP2004191756A (en) * 2002-12-12 2004-07-08 Seiko Epson Corp Liquid crystal display panel and its manufacturing method, display device, and electronic equipment
JP2005055641A (en) * 2003-08-04 2005-03-03 Yokogawa Electric Corp Liquid crystal display device
US7382422B2 (en) * 2003-08-22 2008-06-03 Asahi Glass Company, Limited LCD with resin layer between front plate and substrate
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