200910625 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於一種太1%電池用的型膜一體式聚光膜、 使用該型膜一體式聚光膜的太陽電池單元以及太陽電池模 組，更詳細而言，本發明是關於一種可藉由將入射光高效 • 率地導入至太陽電池單元而提高發電效率的塑膜一體式聚 - 光膜、使用該型膜一體式聚光膜的太陽電池單元以及太陽 «池模组。 【先前技術】 日於下述非專‘利文獻1中揭示有一種先前的矽結晶系太 陽電池模組。參照圖4的概略圖（剖面圖）對先前的太陽 電池模組加以說明。先前的太陽電池模組包括太陽電池單 元100、保護玻璃20卜密封材料（填充材料）202、接頭 (tab)線 203、背膜（back film) 204。 在入射光所入射的一侧設置有保護玻璃（也稱作護罩 玻璃（cover glass)) 201。作為保護玻璃201，因注重耐衝 I ’ 擊性而使用強化玻璃。為了與隨後而積層的密封材料202 保持良好的緊貼性，保護玻璃201的密封材料侧的面藉由 壓印加工而形成為凹凸形狀。亦即，該凹凸形狀形成於内 側，即形成於圖4中保護玻璃201的下表面，而太陽電池 模組的表面是平滑的。 該密封材料202亦被稱作填充材料，通常是以乙烯醋 酸乙烯酯共聚物（ethylene vinyl acetate cop〇lymer)為主成 分的樹脂。密封材料202是用於對太陽電池單元1〇()進行 200910625 ，封。太陽電池單元100將經由保護玻璃2〇1以及密封材 料202而導入的入射光轉換成電力。太陽電池單元100例 如使用有多晶石夕基板或者單晶矽基板。而且，於密封材料 202的與上述入射侧相反一侧的面上形成有背膜。 ，且，於下述專利文獻1中揭示有一種具有如下構成 的太％電池模組.使用蛾目艮（m〇th_eye )構造，使自包括 ' 傾斜在内的所有角度而來的外部光減少了反射損失而高效 〇 f地取人至太陽電池單元巾。如下述非專利文獻2所記載 般，蛾眼（moth-eye)構造是如下所述的技術：藉由形成 微細的圓錐或三棱錐、四棱錐等的透明形狀物，以使反射 才貝失減少而面效率地取入外部光。 "非專利文獻1 :濱川圭弘編「太陽光發電」一最新技 術與系統一，2000年，CMC股份有限公司 非專利文獻2:豐田宏，“無反射週期構造’，，光學， 32卷8號489頁（2003年） 專利文獻1 :日本專利特開2005-101513號公報 ^而，上述先前的太陽電池模組中存在如下課題：由 於太陽電池單元100與密封材料202的折射率差較大，因 此會在界面上引起光反射而無法高效率地_光（入射 光）。 【發明内容】 一本發明是為了解決該魏題而研發的，其目的在於提 仏一種藉由提高太陽電池的光率而提高發電效率 的型膜-體式聚光膜、使用該型膜一體式聚光膜的太陽電 200910625 池單元以及太陽電池模組。 -體重點是一種具有微細凹凸形狀的型膜 1式W膜’其目的在於，在先前專利（上述專利文獻 1)中欲利用聚光膜來控制折射率以達成目的時，藉由使型 膜與聚光膜為―體’從而於太陽電池触製作步驟中，實 現作業的雜性’且不會因聚絲而提高製程成本。、BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a film-type integrated concentrating film for a 1% battery, a solar battery unit using the film-integrated concentrating film, and a solar battery module. More specifically, the present invention relates to a plastic film-integrated poly-light film capable of improving power generation efficiency by efficiently introducing incident light into a solar cell unit, and using the film-integrated concentrating film. Solar battery unit and solar «pool module. [Prior Art] A prior art crystallization system solar cell module is disclosed in the following non-exclusive literature. The prior solar cell module will be described with reference to the schematic view (cross-sectional view) of Fig. 4 . The prior solar cell module includes a solar cell unit 100, a cover glass 20, a sealing material (filler material) 202, a tab line 203, and a back film 204. A cover glass (also referred to as a cover glass) 201 is disposed on the side on which the incident light is incident. As the cover glass 201, tempered glass is used for focusing on the impact resistance. In order to maintain good adhesion to the subsequently-sealed sealing material 202, the surface of the cover glass side of the cover glass 201 is formed into a concavo-convex shape by imprint processing. That is, the concavo-convex shape is formed on the inner side, that is, on the lower surface of the cover glass 201 in Fig. 4, and the surface of the solar cell module is smooth. The sealing material 202 is also referred to as a filler material, and is usually a resin mainly composed of an ethylene vinyl acetate cop〇lymer. The sealing material 202 is used to seal the solar cell unit 1 (2009106). The solar battery cell 100 converts incident light introduced through the cover glass 2〇1 and the sealing material 202 into electric power. The solar cell unit 100 uses, for example, a polycrystalline substrate or a single crystal germanium substrate. Further, a back film is formed on a surface of the sealing material 202 opposite to the incident side. Further, Patent Document 1 listed below discloses a solar cell module having the following configuration. The m蛾th_eye structure is used to reduce external light from all angles including 'tilt'. The reflection loss is highly efficient and the person is taken to the solar cell unit towel. As described in Non-Patent Document 2 below, the moth-eye structure is a technique in which a transparent shape such as a fine cone, a triangular pyramid, or a quadrangular pyramid is formed to reduce the reflection loss. The surface is efficiently taken in external light. "Non-Patent Document 1: The latest technology and system of "Sunlight Power Generation" by Hamakawa Keihiro. In 2000, CMC Co., Ltd. Non-Patent Document 2: Toyota Macro, "No Reflection Period Structure", Optics, 32 Volume 8 No. 489 (2003) Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2005-101513, the above-mentioned prior solar cell module has a problem that the refractive index difference between the solar cell unit 100 and the sealing material 202 is large. Therefore, light reflection is caused at the interface and cannot be efficiently _light (incident light). [Invention] The present invention has been developed to solve the problem, and the purpose thereof is to improve a solar cell by A film-body type concentrating film which improves the power generation efficiency by light rate, a solar cell 200910625 cell unit and a solar cell module using the film integrated concentrating film. - The body is focused on a type 1 film having a fine concavo-convex shape The purpose of the W film is to use a concentrating film to control the refractive index to achieve the object in the prior patent (Patent Document 1), and to make the film and the concentrating film "body" Male battery contact formation step, of heteroaryl 'and does not achieve the operation by filaggrin is increased manufacturing cost.,
決上述課題’本發明_膜—體式聚光膜用於 太％電池模财，該太陽電賴組是將包好個透光性層 的構件力σ以積層，並根據人射光來進行發電，上述型膜一 體式聚光朗特徵在於，若自人射光的人棚起將多個透 光认為第1層、第2層、…第m層’且將各層的各折 射率設為第1折射率ηι、第2折射率n2、..第m折射率 nm則ηι^η2$··.$ηπι成立，進而，該些透光性層中的1 層是折射率為Μ〜^的型膜，該型膜是以無間隙地大量 鋪滿微細的凸或凹形狀的多棱錐或圓錐的方式而形成，並 且’以使形狀追隨於型膜的微細的凸或凹形狀的多棱錐或 者圓錐的方式，而將折射率高於該型膜的高折射層即聚光 膜緊密地與上述型膜貼合’使該聚光膜的折射率為16〜 2.2，並使該聚光膜一體形成於型膜上。 、/而且、，本發_賴—體式聚統巾較佳為，當入射 光的波長為400〜I· nm日夺，以下式表示的標準化吸光 係數a的值小於等於〇 1， [數1] (式1) 200910625 其中，T是透過率 度（# m ) 〇 l是型膜一體式聚光膜的平均厚 而且，本發明的太陽電池單元 備上述型膜-體絲光_切電池2料接收面側具 的光=，本發明的太陽電池触錄為於太陽電池單元 :先接收面側具備上述型膜-體式聚光膜的太陽電 [發明效果] 可提:可提高太陽電池模組的光利用率，從而 【實施方式】 以下，一方面參照圖式，一方面對用以實施本發 ^佳形％進行制。圖i表示使用以⑦基板作為材料的太 陽電池單元的太陽電池模組的剖面。 該太陽電池模組是如下所述的太陽電池模組，即：將 自入射光的入射侧透過保護玻璃20卜密封材料202、型膜 一體式聚光膜300等多個透光性層的入射光導入至太陽電 =單元100來進行發電。此時的透光性層是表示構成的具 體一例。作為其他示例，亦可於光入射侧的保護玻璃2〇1 之前設置玻螭上防反射膜。然而，於先前的太陽電池模組 中基本上無坡璃上防反射膜，本發明中亦並非必需。 型膜一體式聚光膜300是以如下方式形成：使其中一 個面無間隙地追隨於太陽電池單元100表面（光接收面） 的凹凸形狀’而另一個面則無間隙地大量鋪滿微細的凹部 200910625 ==凹部或凸部各自的形狀是大致相同形狀的 型膜一體式聚光膜3gg是由均為透 積及聚細構成，尤其贿是自人射光的入射側 膜^i個透光性層中的—層。型朗折射率應低於聚光 ^的^射率，而與密封材料搬相同或者高於密封材料 *而型膜的折射率為14〜16 (較佳為〜1 Μ) 〇 2臈的折射率應低於太陽電池單元⑽表面層（通常形 ^有鼠化石夕、氧化石夕、氧化鈦等無機薄膜）的折射率，而 :於型膜的折射率，因而聚光膜的折射率為16〜Μ (較 為上68〜2.G7)，該聚光膜是折射率高於型膜的高折射 ^。猎由使該些型膜以及聚光膜的折射率處於上述範圍 /、使入射光導入至太陽電池單元的入射光導入效率提 ^同樣地’可使來自太陽電池單元表面的反射光再次反 射’並再次將光導入。 聚光膜的其中一面侧的形狀追隨並緊貼於型膜的微細 的凸，凹形狀的多棱錐或者圓錐’並與型膜一體形成。而 且，聚光膜的另一面側無間隙地追隨於太陽電池單元1〇〇 表面（光接收面）的凸凹。 如此，將型膜一體式聚光膜300用於太陽電池模組 中，將聚光膜與型膜予以重疊而使得外觀平滑，上述型膜 於上述聚光膜的微細凹部或凸部側無間隙地形成有與該微 =凹部或凸部相輔（無間隙地完全咬合）而黏接的大量微 細凹部或凸部’且上述型膜的折射率小於聚光膜的折射率。 而且，型膜一體式聚光膜3〇〇在圖1中亦可記载為如 200910625 下構成：聚光膜的其中-面侧無間隙地追隨於太陽電 凡100的表面（光接收面）的凸凹而载置於太陽電=單元 漏上，而且，聚光膜的另-面側的形狀追隨並緊貼於型 膜的微細的凸或凹形狀的多棱錐或者圓錐而成為_體，、 去除所使用的型膜而直接進行積層。 ， r 其次，對型膜一體式聚光膜300的折射率加以說明。 本發明中’為了使自所有角度進入的外部光的反射損 >、，而南效率地導人至太陽電池單元内，若 電 自入射光的入射側起將多個二 第2折射率η2、..·“折射率〜， ' l-n2== $nm成立的條件，並且規定型膜以 例如，聚光膜的折射率必須高於密封= (折射率1.49左右)或型膜的折射率(折射率ι 4〜才 == 射元的入射面的防反射 須設為L6〜2.2。）的折射率，聚光膜的折射率必 太陽’在使用太陽電池單元刚的圖1所示的 二:二:搬設為第^由於 光學上可認為是射率大致相同’因此在 設為第2層、將同偏^'膜一體式聚光膜300的型膜 為第3層、將太陽電、也Ϊ膜一體式聚光膜300的聚光膜設 樣的太陽電池單元的^的防反射膜設為第4層、將同 的η型層設為第5層，並且將各層的各 11 200910625 折射率設為第1折射率ηι、第2折射率n2、第3折射率n 率叫、第5折射率n5 ’則恤“命4 立。作為該些透紐層中的！層_膜，如上所述將 率n3設為1.446。而且，將聚光膜的折射率〜設為w 〜2.2。 . 且’對於龍—體絲光膜而言，當上述 光的波長為400〜1200 nm時，以式⑴表示的標準化 光度a的值較佳為小於等於〇1，更佳為小於等於請Μ， 尤佳為小於等於〇._。若標準化吸光度a的值小於 (U，則當聚光膜的厚度為〗㈣時，透過率約為8〇%。、 然而’當聚光膜的厚度為1〇 _時，透過率為跳 而難以進行現實的應用。標準化吸光度a越小，則可 光膜的厚度越厚，型膜的加工精度或對單元凹凸的嵌入算 :越有裕度。根據全型的加工精度，型膜凹凸的高度大於 專於10 _，而單元凹凸的深度亦為1()⑽左右，且 極的尚度為50 左右，因而聚光膜必須較厚。標準化 吸光度a雖越小越好，但實際上針對該些厚度而言 化吸光度a較佳為小於等於〇 〇〇1。 [數2] 扣—式⑴ Μ π 體式聚光膜的平均 ，Um)。此處，所謂平均厚度，是將型膜的凹凸高产、 早兀凹凸的深度、電極的高度考慮在_聚光膜的膜厚， 大致可視為塗佈加工膜厚。該測定方法是藉由測微計或觸 12 200910625 針計等而進行。 為了使上述式⑴所表示的標準化吸光度&的值小於 等於0.1，主要必須減小聚光膜材料自身的吸光度。 型膜-體式聚細3GG +，為了使來自所有角度的入 射光高效率地導人至太陽電池單元内，有利的是使上述聚 光膜300的微細凹部或凸部面的凸部的頂角狹小。鈇而， 當型膜-體式聚光膜300與太陽電池單元觸的界面上存 在反射損失時，若頂角職，則反射光會再次漏至外部。 為了使反射光藉由型膜一體式聚光膜3〇〇而再次反射 (回歸反射），從而順利地導入至太陽電池單元1〇〇，頂角 較佳為75〜115度，理想的是9〇度。若了頁角為9〇度，、則 在性能、加工精度方面可以說是最好的角度。 =根據上述非專利文獻2，底邊大小的值是將所使用的 最短波長除以其材料的折射率後所得的值，例如當折射率 為2.0時，於太陽電池模組中底邊大小為175nm左右。然 而，為了獲付如此的超微細構造，加工方法亦受到限定。 本發明中，無須特殊的加工方法便可獲得如此的超微 細構造。一方面參照圖2，一方面說明其理由。圖2是表 示形成於太陽電池單元1〇〇上的型膜一體式聚光膜3〇〇的 詳細構成的圖。型膜一體式聚光膜300自光入射侧起例如 具有透明基材膜301、紫外線（Ultraviolet，UV)樹脂層 302、凹凸部分303以及台座部分304。圖2的具體例中， 透明基材301與UV樹脂層302構成型膜，而凹凸部分303 與台座部分304則構成聚光膜。 13 200910625 圖2所示的型膜一體式聚光膜300中，聚光膜分為台 座部分304以及凸凹部分303。由於台座部分304必須追 隨於太陽電池單元⑽的凹凸形成人，因此厚度必須 大^等於上述太陽電池單元1GG的凹凸。通常，於太陽電 池單元表面上施加有紋理(texture)構造，其深度為〇〜In view of the above problems, the present invention is a film-type concentrating film for use in a solar cell model in which the component force σ of a light-transmissive layer is laminated, and power generation is performed according to human light. The above-mentioned type film integrated concentrating feature is characterized in that a plurality of light transmissions are considered to be the first layer, the second layer, the ... mth layer from the human illuminator, and the refractive indices of the respective layers are set to the first refraction. The ratio ηι, the second refractive index n2, the mth refractive index nm, ηι^η2$··.$ηπι is established, and further, one of the light-transmitting layers is a film having a refractive index of Μ~^ The film is formed by a large number of pyramids or cones having a fine convex or concave shape without a gap, and 'having a polygonal or concave shape of a polygonal pyramid or a cone having a shape following the film. a method in which a light-receiving film having a refractive index higher than that of the film, that is, a light-concentrating film, is closely adhered to the film of the above type, so that the refractive index of the light-concentrating film is 16 to 2.2, and the light-concentrating film is integrally formed on the film. On the membrane. Preferably, the value of the normalized absorption coefficient a expressed by the following formula is less than or equal to 〇1, when the wavelength of the incident light is 400 〜I·nm. (Formula 1) 200910625 wherein T is the transmittance (#m) 〇l is the average thickness of the film-integrated concentrating film, and the solar cell of the present invention is provided with the above-mentioned film-body ray-cut battery The light on the side of the receiving surface = the solar cell of the present invention is touched by the solar cell: the solar cell having the above-mentioned type film-body concentrating film on the receiving surface side first [invention effect] can be improved: the solar cell module can be improved [Embodiment] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings on the one hand and the % of the present invention. Figure i shows a cross section of a solar cell module using a solar cell having a 7 substrate as a material. The solar cell module is a solar cell module in which the incident side of the incident light is transmitted through the plurality of light transmissive layers such as the cover glass 202 and the film-integrated concentrating film 300. Light is introduced into the solar power = unit 100 to generate electricity. The light transmissive layer at this time is a specific example of the structure. As another example, an anti-reflection film on the glass mat may be provided before the cover glass 2〇1 on the light incident side. However, there is basically no anti-reflection film on the glass in the prior solar cell module, which is not essential in the present invention. The film-integrated light-concentrating film 300 is formed in such a manner that one of the faces follows the uneven shape of the surface (light receiving surface) of the solar cell unit 100 without a gap, and the other surface is heavily covered with a fine gap without a gap. Concave portion 200910625 == The shape of each of the recesses or the convex portions is substantially the same shape. The integrated film-concentrating film 3gg is composed of both an permeable and agglomerated, and in particular, the incident side film is light-emitting. The layer in the layer. The refractive index of the type should be lower than the refractive index of the condensing film, and the refractive index of the film is the same as or higher than that of the sealing material* and the refractive index of the film is 14 to 16 (preferably 〜1 Μ) 〇2臈The rate should be lower than the refractive index of the surface layer of the solar cell (10) (usually having an inorganic film such as rat fossil, oxidized stone, or titanium oxide), and the refractive index of the film, and thus the refractive index of the film is 16~Μ (more on 68~2.G7), the concentrating film has a higher refractive index than the film. By setting the refractive index of the film and the concentrating film to the above range, and introducing the incident light into the solar cell unit, the incident light introduction efficiency can similarly 're-reflect the reflected light from the surface of the solar cell unit'. And import the light again. The shape of one side of the light-concentrating film follows and adheres to the fine convex or concave polygonal pyramid or cone' of the film, and is formed integrally with the film. Further, the other side of the concentrating film follows the unevenness of the surface (light receiving surface) of the solar cell unit 1 without a gap. In this manner, the film-integrated light-concentrating film 300 is used in a solar cell module, and the condensing film and the film are superimposed to have a smooth appearance, and the film has no gap on the fine concave portion or the convex portion side of the condensing film. A large number of fine concave portions or convex portions which are adhered to the micro-concave portion or the convex portion (completely engaged without a gap) are formed, and the refractive index of the above-mentioned type film is smaller than the refractive index of the light-concentrating film. Further, the film-integrated light-concentrating film 3 can also be described as follows in Fig. 1 as follows: the surface of the light-converging film which follows the surface of the solar cell 100 without a gap on the side of the light-receiving film (light receiving surface) The convex and concave are placed on the solar cell=cell drain, and the shape of the other surface side of the concentrating film follows and adheres to the fine convex or concave polygonal pyramid or cone of the film to become the _ body, The layer is removed by removing the type film used. Next, the refractive index of the film-integrated light-concentrating film 300 will be described. In the present invention, 'in order to make the reflection loss of external light entering from all angles>, the south is efficiently guided into the solar cell, and a plurality of second and second refractive indices η2 are generated from the incident side of the incident light. , . . . "refractive index ~, ' l-n2 == $nm holds the condition, and the film of the specified type, for example, the refractive index of the concentrating film must be higher than the seal = (refractive index of about 1.49) or the refraction of the film The refractive index of the rate (refractive index ι 4~ only == the antireflection of the incident surface of the element must be set to L6~2.2), and the refractive index of the concentrating film must be 'the sun' as shown in Fig. 1 of the solar cell The second and the second are: the movement is considered to be the same as that of the second layer, and the film of the same type of the film-integrated light-concentrating film 300 is the third layer. The anti-reflection film of the solar cell of the solar cell and the concentrating film of the enamel-integrated concentrating film 300 is set as the fourth layer, and the same n-type layer is the fifth layer, and the layers are Each of the 11 200910625 refractive indices is set to be the first refractive index ηι, the second refractive index n2, the third refractive index n rate, and the fifth refractive index n5'. As some of these through the layer! Layer_film, the rate n3 was set to 1.446 as described above. Further, the refractive index 〜 of the condensing film is set to w to 2.2. And for the dragon-body mercerizing film, when the wavelength of the light is 400 to 1200 nm, the value of the normalized luminosity a expressed by the formula (1) is preferably 小于1 or less, more preferably less than or equal to Μ, Especially good is less than or equal to 〇._. If the value of the normalized absorbance a is less than (U, the transmittance is about 8〇% when the thickness of the light-concentrating film is (4). However, when the thickness of the light-concentrating film is 1〇, the transmittance is jumped. It is difficult to carry out the application in reality. The smaller the normalized absorbance a, the thicker the thickness of the film, the more precise the processing of the film or the embedding of the irregularities of the film: the more marginal the film is. The height is greater than 10 _, and the depth of the unit bump is also about 1 () (10), and the extreme degree is about 50, so the concentrating film must be thicker. The standardized absorbance a is smaller, but actually The thickness absorbance a is preferably equal to or less than 〇〇〇 1. [Number 2] 扣 - (1) 平均 π The average of the concentrating film, Um). Here, the average thickness is such that the unevenness of the film is high, the depth of the early unevenness, and the height of the electrode are considered as the film thickness of the condensing film, and can be roughly regarded as the thickness of the coating film. The measurement method is performed by a micrometer or a touch meter, 200910625 needle meter or the like. In order to make the value of the normalized absorbance & represented by the above formula (1) less than or equal to 0.1, it is mainly necessary to reduce the absorbance of the light-concentrating film material itself. In order to efficiently guide incident light from all angles into the solar cell unit, it is advantageous to make the apex angle of the fine concave portion or the convex portion of the convex surface of the light collecting film 300. narrow. Further, when there is a reflection loss at the interface between the film-body type concentrating film 300 and the solar cell unit, if the apex angle is applied, the reflected light leaks to the outside again. In order to allow the reflected light to be reflected again (retroreflection) by the film-integrated light-concentrating film 3, and smoothly introduced into the solar cell unit 1 , the apex angle is preferably 75 to 115 degrees, and ideally 9 〇度. If the page angle is 9 degrees, it is the best angle in terms of performance and machining accuracy. According to the above Non-Patent Document 2, the value of the base size is a value obtained by dividing the shortest wavelength used by the refractive index of the material. For example, when the refractive index is 2.0, the bottom edge size in the solar cell module is Around 175nm. However, in order to obtain such an ultrafine structure, the processing method is also limited. In the present invention, such an ultrafine structure can be obtained without a special processing method. On the one hand, referring to Fig. 2, the reason is explained on the one hand. Fig. 2 is a view showing a detailed configuration of a film-integrated light-concentrating film 3A formed on the solar cell unit 1A. The film-integrated light-concentrating film 300 has, for example, a transparent base film 301, an ultraviolet (UV) resin layer 302, a concave-convex portion 303, and a pedestal portion 304 from the light incident side. In the specific example of Fig. 2, the transparent substrate 301 and the UV resin layer 302 constitute a film, and the uneven portion 303 and the pedestal portion 304 constitute a light-concentrating film. 13 200910625 In the film-integrated light-concentrating film 300 shown in Fig. 2, the light-concentrating film is divided into a pedestal portion 304 and a convex-concave portion 303. Since the pedestal portion 304 must follow the irregularities of the solar cell unit (10), the thickness must be equal to the unevenness of the solar cell unit 1GG described above. Usually, a texture structure is applied to the surface of the solar cell unit, and the depth is 〇~
;太陽電池單元表面設置有被稱作指狀物 (finger)的集電用銀電極，其高度為％，左右。台座 部分304亦必須追隨於該銀電極。 另方面，根據加工上的要求，於型膜一體式聚光膜 300/上作為本質部分的以關、無_地大倾滿之方式 而形成的凹凸部分3G3的微細凹部或凸部的高度主要為丄 100 /zm。而且，該凹凸是追隨於型膜的凹凸部而形 型膜的凹凸是在聚對苯二曱酸乙二醇酯（p〇i—e PET)等透明基材膜301上設置uv樹脂層 ，再將模具按壓至PET上塗佈的無溶劑的清樹脂， 同時照射UV光而使uv樹脂硬化，從而獲得微細形狀。 =且’由於折射率為h6〜2.2的聚域必須以上述方 單元的凹凸而轉印聚光膜原本的微細凹 是成為半硬化狀g的樹脂組成物，作 折射率且滿足形狀轉印性的組成物，例如有包含四院 氧化鈦的有機-無機混合組成物。 即，聚光膜是半硬化狀態的膜，且被直* ㈣⑽㈣至太陽電池單元⑽。此時，具膜 微細凹凸形狀的型膜成為一體，因此並不需要== 200910625 =二聚光膜的高折射率樹脂組成物的硬化方法 而石亦可預先對該樹脂組成物賦予熱硬化性。 *型二藉由使高折射率的聚光膜在半硬化狀態下 模:。因此，如上所述，亦== 模=實現超微細構造的受到限定的加工方法。 先别的太陽電池模組步驟中’於保護 ==载置著串聯電性連接的單元，進而載置著 對，本發明Φ，、再使用真空疊合機㈣成模組。與此相 太陽電、n *使型膜—體式聚光膜3GG的高折射層朝向 逝與太陽電面側的密封材料 η 間載置該型膜—體式聚光膜300 加一ί ’與將聚光膜設置於模組内無關，僅增 何變更Γ _賴’對先_太陽電池馳步驟並無任 於上述型膜一體式聚光膜3〇〇中，為 ^較佳為使用溶膠·凝膠法&成有“ 機此〇材枓。洛膠·凝膠法中的必須成分是以 (R1)nM-(〇R2)m 表示的金屬烧氧化物，本發明是使用发The surface of the solar cell is provided with a silver electrode for collecting electricity called a finger, and its height is about %. The pedestal portion 304 must also follow the silver electrode. On the other hand, according to the processing requirements, the height of the fine concave portion or the convex portion of the concave-convex portion 3G3 formed as a substantial portion of the film-integrated light-concentrating film 300/in the essential portion is mainly closed. For 丄100 /zm. Further, the unevenness is followed by the uneven portion of the film, and the unevenness of the shaped film is such that an uv resin layer is provided on the transparent base film 301 such as polyethylene terephthalate (p〇i-e PET). Further, the mold was pressed to the solvent-free clear resin coated on the PET, and the UV light was irradiated to harden the uv resin to obtain a fine shape. = and 'the poly-domain having a refractive index of h6 to 2.2 must be transferred to the unevenness of the above-mentioned square unit, and the original fine concave portion of the light-condensing film is a resin composition which is semi-hardened g, and has a refractive index and satisfies the shape transfer property. The composition is, for example, an organic-inorganic hybrid composition comprising titanium oxide of four chambers. That is, the concentrating film is a film in a semi-hardened state, and is straight*(4)(10)(4) to the solar cell unit (10). In this case, since the film having the fine concavo-convex shape is integrated, it is not necessary to == 200910625 = the curing method of the high refractive index resin composition of the dimerization film, and the stone may be given thermosetting property to the resin composition in advance. . *Type 2 by molding a high refractive index concentrating film in a semi-hardened state: Therefore, as described above, also == mod = a limited processing method for realizing an ultrafine structure. In the other solar cell module steps, the unit is electrically connected in the step of protection ==, and the pair is placed in the Φ, and the vacuum laminator (4) is used as a module. With this phase, the high-refractive layer of the solar-powered, n*-type film-type concentrating film 3GG is placed between the sealing material η on the side of the solar electric surface, and the film-body concentrating film 300 is placed on the surface. The concentrating film is disposed in the module, and only the change is made Γ _ _ _ _ _ _ solar cell step is not in the above-mentioned film integrated concentrating film 3 ,, preferably sol The gel method & is made of "the machine". The essential component in the gelatin gel method is a metal oxide oxide represented by (R1)nM-(〇R2)m, and the present invention is used.
Ti-(〇R)4 " 表示的四烧氧化鈦來作為至少―部分 二亦可為選自 Ge、Zn、Zr、A1、Si、Sb、Be、、：Cr、 15 200910625 碳數為1〜1G的烷基。而且，R表示破數為：> 以及R2可全Rl以及RL但該些R1 數，m是大 =各不相同。η是大於等於〇的整 疋八％导於1的整數，n + m算 的價數。 洛膠-凝膠法獲得有機_益日人 、 9 氧化物可為一種:可為;5材料時，所使用的金屬烷 為了使帛轉_;轉法來獲得有機_減混合材料，向 成為祕狀的樹脂組成物中添加金狀氧化物、水以及酸 或驗）觸媒’並塗佈於基材上，藉由加熱而使溶劑揮發， 藉此可獲得上述有機·無機混合材料。其中，根據所選擇的 金屬院氧化物的反紐，亦有時無需水及/或酸（或驗 媒。 而且，加熱溫度亦依存於金屬烷氧化物的反應性。本 發明中，並非必須是(-M-0-)的三維構造，只要可實現與目 的相對應的高折射率化便可。尤其是氧化鈦的三維構造就 像在光觸媒中所使用般會成為半導體。 然而’該構造在光劣化方面存在問題，因此為了破壞 三維構造，有效的方法是與其他金屬烧氧化物併用或者藉 由醇、胺、有機酸、醇胺等來破壞三維結晶構造。 上述高折射樹脂組成物是以金屬烷氧化物、聚合物及/ 或單體、寡聚物為必須成分’視需要，可添加溶劑、黏接 助劑、穩定劑、界面活性劑等。本發明並不對該些成分進 行限定。 16 200910625 型膜（成為1光膜的凸部形成之印模的型膜）可藉由 眾所周知的方法而製作。具體的製作例藉由實施例來加以 說明。 為了獲得型膜-體式聚光臈，必須於型膜上塗佈高折 射樹脂組成物，並進行溶劑乾燥。通常的塗二 ( 敷料器、棒式塗佈機、刮刀式塗怖機、帶緣塗佈機、模塗 佈機等來進行，本發明中對於方法並無特別限制。、 實施例 其次，根據實施例來對本發明進行詳細說明。以， 作為實施例’辟⑴類㈣作 溶液㈣财法、⑴龍i絲賴賴曰） 附有聚光膜的太陽電池模組的製作方法以及（5)模租評價。 ϋ對⑴㈣的製作方法進行說明。作為基材， :原模㈣至塗佈有上述無溶劑型光硬化性樹Γ的= 产、轉印原模藉由切削加工而刻有無數個頂角90 m以及高度1G，的四棱錐。再接著， 原模的上述PET膜照射紫外線，使無溶 原模分離而獲得3化兮：在1 上述PET膜自輥狀轉印 繼：ΐ 印原模表面的凹凸形狀的反轉形狀。 ^轉二㈣i麟㈣㈣方法進行說明。 爾去用冷部管、氮氣導入管的分離式燒瓶 17 200910625 (fmsco)中放入295.97 g的N-甲基吡咯烷酮、197 31 g的 N，N-二甲基乙醯胺、4〇4 79 §的二乙醇胺以及19 8〇 g的離 子交換水，密閉後進行攪拌。充分攪拌後，添加781.61 g 的四異丙醇欽。 處，燒瓶的溫度上升至75t左右，並持續攪拌至返 回室溫（25。(：）為止。當成為室溫後，藉由調整至贼的 油浴(〇Π、bath)，用8個小時餾去作為副生成物的異丙醇。 冷卻至室溫後，添加預先經過充分赫混合的115.50 g的一乙醇胺及19.80 g的離子交換水，並攪拌2個小時。 1對於158.3 g該溶液而添加有5重量份的大日本油墨 (股）製環氧樹脂（商品名：EXA_4850-10〇〇)且進行攪 拌混合後，作為高折射樹脂溶液。 /、人，對（3)型膜一體式聚光膜的製作方法進行說明。 使用对熱歸帶，將藉由之前所示的方法而製作的型膜貼 =於不鏽鋼板上，將敷料器的間隙設為50.8 /zm(2mil)， ^上述高折射樹脂溶液。塗佈後立即置人15Gt的熱風 ^燥機中10分鐘’使溶魏燥，從而製成顏— 膜。 所製作的型膜一體式聚光膜的平均厚度L約為25 // '，過率了為卿。，因此根據式⑴，標準化吸光度 #λ=〇183 (〇.D.///m)。另外’透過率丁是使用曰本分 =5 W的 JASCO V-576，在將-種參照（reference)設 (blank )的雙射束（d〇ubie beam )的條件下測定出 18 200910625 β，、久，一方面參照圖3，一方面對（4)附有聚光膜的 太，電池桓組的製作方法加以說明。使結晶㈣太陽電池 用f罩玻璃（朗）2G1的平滑面朝下，於其上鋪設 ^陽電池模_填充材料EVA (乙烯醋酸乙觸共聚物） 薄片202。接著，於上述薄片202上，以高折射材料面朝 上的方式而鋪設上述型膜一體式聚光膜300。再接著，於 型膜-體式聚細3GG_L，以光接收面朝下的方式載置經 接頭線連接的太陽電池多結晶單元蘭，進而鋪設填充材 料EVA〆薄片202、PET膜（背膜）204，並使用真空疊合 機來進行疊層。而且，鱗的條件是：陳溫度為15〇。/， 真空時間為15分鐘’加壓時間為3G秒，加壓保 10分鐘。 另外，於太陽電池模組中，填充材料EVA薄片（第i 層）的折射率ηι為1.49，型膜（第2層）的折射率 1·49 ’聚光膜（第3層）的折射率&為17〇，滿足Ti-(〇R)4 " represents four-sintered titanium oxide as at least part 2 may also be selected from the group consisting of Ge, Zn, Zr, A1, Si, Sb, Be, and: Cr, 15 200910625 Carbon number is 1 ~1G alkyl. Further, R indicates that the number of breaks is: > and R2 may be all R1 and RL but the number of R1s, m is large = different. η is an integer equal to or greater than or equal to 〇, and an quotation of n + m. The gum-gel method obtains organic _Yi Riren, 9 oxide can be one kind: can be; 5 materials, the metal alkane used in order to make 帛 _; transfer method to obtain organic _ reduced mixed material, become The above-mentioned organic/inorganic hybrid material can be obtained by adding a gold oxide, water, and an acid or a catalyst to the resin composition and applying it to a substrate, and volatilizing the solvent by heating. Among them, depending on the choice of the metal oxide of the metal, there may be no need for water and/or acid (or medium). Moreover, the heating temperature depends on the reactivity of the metal alkoxide. In the present invention, it is not necessary to The three-dimensional structure of (-M-0-) can be achieved by a high refractive index corresponding to the purpose. In particular, the three-dimensional structure of titanium oxide is like a semiconductor used in a photocatalyst. However, the structure is There is a problem in photodegradation, and therefore, in order to destroy the three-dimensional structure, it is effective to use a combination of other metal oxide oxides or to destroy a three-dimensional crystal structure by an alcohol, an amine, an organic acid, an alcohol amine, or the like. The above high refractive resin composition is The metal alkoxide, the polymer, and/or the monomer and the oligomer are essential components. A solvent, an adhesion aid, a stabilizer, a surfactant, etc. may be added as needed. The components are not limited in the present invention. 16 200910625 type film (a film which becomes a stamp formed by a convex portion of a light film) can be produced by a well-known method. Specific production examples will be described by way of examples. To obtain a film-body type concentrating film, it is necessary to apply a high refractive resin composition on the film and perform solvent drying. The usual coating (applicator, bar coater, doctor blade coating machine, tape coating) The present invention is not limited to the method of the present invention, and the present invention will be described in detail based on the examples. As an example, the type (1) (4) is used as a solution (four). Method, (1) Dragon i-ray Lai Lai) A method for producing a solar cell module with a light-concentrating film, and (5) Evaluation of die-casting. ϋ The method for producing (1) (4) will be described. As a substrate, the original mold (four) to the coating The above-mentioned solvent-free photocurable tree slab is produced. The transfer original mold is engraved with a plurality of quadrangular pyramids having an apex angle of 90 m and a height of 1 G. Then, the PET film of the original mold is irradiated. Ultraviolet rays are used to separate the solute-free mold to obtain ruthenium: In the above-mentioned PET film, the shape of the concave-convex shape on the surface of the original mold is reversed from the roll-shaped transfer. ^Turning two (four) i lin (four) (four) method is explained. Separate flask 17 200 with cold tube and nitrogen inlet tube 910625 (fmsco) was charged with 295.97 g of N-methylpyrrolidone, 197 31 g of N,N-dimethylacetamide, 4〇47 § of diethanolamine, and 198 g of ion-exchanged water, sealed. After stirring, 781.61 g of tetraisopropanol was added, and the temperature of the flask was raised to about 75 t, and stirring was continued until it returned to room temperature (25. (:). When it became room temperature, borrowed The isopropanol as a by-product was distilled off from the oil bath (〇Π, bath) adjusted to the thief for 8 hours. After cooling to room temperature, 115.50 g of monoethanolamine and 19.80 g previously fully mixed were added. The ion-exchanged water was stirred for 2 hours. 1 For 158.3 g of this solution, 5 parts by weight of an epoxy resin (trade name: EXA_4850-10〇〇) made from Dainippon Ink (stock) was added and stirred and mixed. As a high refractive resin solution. /, person, a method for producing a (3) type film-integrated light-concentrating film will be described. Using a heat-bonding tape, the film produced by the method shown previously was applied to a stainless steel plate, and the gap of the applicator was set to 50.8 /zm (2 mil), which was the above-mentioned high refractive resin solution. Immediately after coating, a 15 Gt hot air dryer was placed in the dryer for 10 minutes to dissolve the Wei, thereby preparing a pigment-film. The average thickness L of the formed film-integrated concentrating film was about 25 // ', and the rate was too high. Therefore, according to the formula (1), the normalized absorbance #λ=〇183 (〇.D.///m) is standardized. In addition, the transmission rate is measured by JASCO V-576 using 曰 分 = 5 W, and 18 200910625 β is measured under the condition of a double beam (d〇ubie beam) of reference type (blank). For a long time, referring to FIG. 3 on the one hand, on the one hand, (4) a method of fabricating a battery pack with a light-concentrating film attached thereto. The crystal (four) solar cell was placed with the smooth surface of the f-glass (Lang) 2G1 facing downward, and a positive battery mold_filler EVA (ethylene acetate B copolymer) sheet 202 was laid thereon. Next, the above-mentioned film-integrated light-concentrating film 300 is laid on the above-mentioned sheet 202 so that the high refractive material faces upward. Then, in the film-body type poly 3GG_L, the solar cell polycrystalline unit blue connected by the tab wire is placed with the light receiving surface facing downward, and the filling material EVA 〆 sheet 202 and PET film (back film) 204 are further laid. And using a vacuum laminator to laminate. Moreover, the condition of the scale is: Chen temperature is 15 〇. /, The vacuum time is 15 minutes' The pressurization time is 3G seconds, and the pressure is maintained for 10 minutes. Further, in the solar cell module, the refractive index η of the filling material EVA sheet (i-th layer) is 1.49, and the refractive index of the film (second layer) of the refractive index 1·49 'concentrating film (layer 3) & 17 is satisfied
Sn3。 — 2Sn3. - 2
最後’ -方面參照表1，-方面對⑴模組評價進行 說明。針對藉由上述方法而製作的太陽電池模組，以模 太陽光AM1.5、IkW/m2的照射強度，來測定電流-電壓 性。將其測定結果與比較例一併示於表丨。 、 比較例的模組是藉由下述方式進行疊層而成：在上求 實施例的（4)附有聚光膜的太陽電池模組的製作方法& 僅除去型膜-體絲絲，林他構件、裝置 匈 與實施例相同。 w干王4 19 200910625 ,:1 J-as8z c . ' 【I <】 AJsc mA/cm2 I 1 1 | 0.484 | I 2.289 1 | 2.773 I •S | 13.848 I 1 14.804 1 1 13.925 I | 15.208 I uu tlH* 1 0.757 1 0.755 1 0.754 | 0.753 I Vpm mV 1 489.82 1 478.66 1 | 498.69 | | 491.31 I a Oi 1 4417.4 1 4832.4 1 「4363.1 ] 「4835.9 | S P-. mW 2163.73 1 2313.08 ] 卜 175.83] [2375.93 I Voc mV 601.315 1 599.288 1 [609.165 1 | 609.811 I cd 4755.18 1 5112.87 ] 4738.37 | 5171.76 | mA/cm2 30.433 1 32.722 1 「30.326 Π [33.099 | 單個比較例單元 比較例模組 單個實施例單元 實施例模組 200910625 表1表示針對使用比較例的單個太陽電池單元、使用 比較例的太陽電池模組、使用實施例的單個太陽電池單 元、以及使用實施例的太陽電池模組，分別對短路電流密 度Jsc、短路電流Isc、開放電壓Voc、最大輸出pm、最大 輸出動作電流Ipm、最大輸出動作電壓Vpm、曲線因子 F.F.、内部量子效率T^in、以及短路電流密度差進行測 . 定後所顯示的評價結果。 比較例模組的短路電流密度Jsc為32.722(mA/em2；)， ' 單個比較例單元的Jsc為30.433 (mA/cm2)，作為其差的 短路電流密度差AJsc為2.289 (mA/cm2)。而且，實施例模 組的短路電流密度Jsc為33.099 (mA/cm2)，單個實施例 單元的Jsc為30.326 (mA/cm2) ’作為其差的短路電流密 度差AJsc為2.773 (mA/cm2)。因此，可明白的是，實施例 可使電流密度Jsc提高0.484 mA/cm2。 而且，各測定項目中亦可獲得實施例一方的值全部得 到提高的結果。例如’最大輸出Pm於比較例模纪中是 i， 2313.〇8 (mW) ’而實施例模組中提高為2375.93 (mw)。 當然’實施例是使用型膜一體式聚光膜，藉由與已知 - 的疊層製程大致相同的方法而製作出的。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是表示將本發明的型膜一體式聚光膜裝入至模組 中的狀態的概略圖。其中，該圖中省略了連接用接頭線。 圖2是表示貼附於太陽電池單元上的型膜一體式聚光 膜的概略圖。 21 200910625 圖3是表不使用型膜一體式聚光膜時的模組製作 的概略圖。 法 圖4是表示先前類型的太陽電池模組的概略圖（剖面 圖）。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 :太陽電池單元 . 201 .保遵玻璃（護罩玻璃） f 202 ··密封材料（填充材料） f 203 :接頭線 204 :背膜 300 :型膜一體式聚光膜 301 : PET膜（基材） 302 :型膜（UV樹脂） 303 .凹凸部分（高折射樹脂，半硬化狀態—硬化） 304 :台座部分（高折射樹脂，半硬化狀態—硬化） 22Finally, the (1) module evaluation is described with reference to Table 1, - aspects. With respect to the solar cell module produced by the above method, the current-voltage property was measured by the irradiation intensity of the mold solar AM 1.5 and IkW/m2. The measurement results are shown in Table 一 together with the comparative examples. The module of the comparative example is laminated by the following method: (4) Manufacturing method of the solar cell module with the condensing film attached to the embodiment & only removing the film-body filament The other components of the forest and the device are the same as the embodiment. w干王4 19 200910625 ,:1 J-as8z c . ' [I <] AJsc mA/cm2 I 1 1 | 0.484 | I 2.289 1 | 2.773 I •S | 13.848 I 1 14.804 1 1 13.925 I | 15.208 I Uu tlH* 1 0.757 1 0.755 1 0.754 | 0.753 I Vpm mV 1 489.82 1 478.66 1 | 498.69 | | 491.31 I a Oi 1 4417.4 1 4832.4 1 "4363.1 ] "4835.9 | S P-. mW 2163.73 1 2313.08 ] 175.83] [2375.93 I Voc mV 601.315 1 599.288 1 [609.165 1 | 609.811 I cd 4755.18 1 5112.87 ] 4738.37 | 5171.76 | mA/cm2 30.433 1 32.722 1 "30.326 Π [33.099 | Single Comparative Example Unit Comparison Example Module Single Embodiment Unit Implementation Example Module 200910625 Table 1 shows the short-circuit current density for a single solar cell unit using a comparative example, a solar cell module using a comparative example, a single solar cell unit using the embodiment, and a solar cell module using the embodiment, respectively. Jsc, short-circuit current Isc, open voltage Voc, maximum output pm, maximum output operating current Ipm, maximum output operating voltage Vpm, curve factor FF, internal quantum efficiency T^in, and short-circuit current density difference The evaluation results displayed after the determination. The short-circuit current density Jsc of the comparative example module is 32.722 (mA/em2;), and the Jsc of the single comparative example unit is 30.433 (mA/cm2) as the difference short-circuit current density. The difference AJsc is 2.289 (mA/cm2). Moreover, the short-circuit current density Jsc of the embodiment module is 33.099 (mA/cm2), and the Jsc of the single embodiment unit is 30.326 (mA/cm2)' as its poor short-circuit current density. The difference AJsc was 2.773 (mA/cm2). Therefore, it can be understood that the current density Jsc can be increased by 0.484 mA/cm2 in the examples. Further, in all the measurement items, the results of all of the examples can be improved. For example, the 'maximum output Pm is i, 2313. 〇 8 (mW) in the comparative example mode and the example module is increased to 2375.93 (mw). Of course, the embodiment was produced by using a film-integrated light-concentrating film in substantially the same manner as the known lamination process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which a film-integrated light-concentrating film of the present invention is incorporated in a module. Here, the connector wire for connection is omitted in the figure. Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a film-integrated light-concentrating film attached to a solar battery cell. 21 200910625 Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the manufacture of a module when a film-integrated concentrating film is not used. Figure 4 is a schematic view (cross-sectional view) showing a solar cell module of the prior type. [Main component symbol description] 100: Solar battery unit. 201. Guard glass (shield glass) f 202 ··Sealing material (filling material) f 203 : Connector wire 204: Back film 300: Film-integrated film 301 : PET film (substrate) 302 : type film (UV resin) 303 . Concave and convex portion (high refractive resin, semi-hardened state - hardened) 304 : pedestal portion (high refractive resin, semi-hardened state - hardened) 22