TW200904236A - Surface light emitter - Google Patents

Abstract

A surface light emitter having improved light transmission efficiency of transmitting light to the externality, including a light-transmitting substrate 1, a light-scattering layer 2 formed on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 1, and an organic or inorganic light emitter 3 which is formed on the surface of the light-scattering layer 2 and uses optical or electrical energy to emit light. The light-scattering layer 2 includes a binder 4 and two fillers 5 and 6, the refractive indexes of which satisfy the relationship Nf2 > Nb > Nf1, where Nb is the refractive index of the binder 4, and Nf1 and Nf2 are the refractive indices of the two fillers 5 and 6. The presence of the two types of fillers 5 and 6 in the light-scattering layer 2 disrupts the critical angle of the light exiting the light-scattering layer 2 into the light-transmitting substrate 1, which causes a greater percentage of light entering the light-transmitting substrate 1 and improves the light transmitting efficiency of transmitting light to the externality.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surface light-emitting body which is used for each liquid crystal backlight, a light source for illumination, or the like. In the case of a variety of displays, display elements, backlights, and surface-emitting materials that emit light or electric energy, there are many excellent features such as high brightness and amount. An organic electroluminescence device in which the light-emitting materials of the surface-emitting materials emit light (there is a low voltage of about sb=electric ν to obtain a high-brightness surface-emitting J$ for the surface EL. The luminescent layer 8 is also formed by a member such as an organic pole 9 on the surface. Further, a voltage is applied to the opposite direction on the surface of the day 8, and the photoelectrode 9 is formed between the luminescent layer 8. 1 *发$. The arm (four) electrode layer 7 and the light-emitting element that emits light from the light-emitting layer 8 of the organic light-emitting element, such as the organic EL element, from which the light-emitting element is emitted, and the light-emitting ray The emission === is determined by the refractive index of the refractive substrate i of the light-emitting layer 8, that is, the transparent electrode layer 7 or the light-transmissive layer is totally reflected at the interface, and is sealed when the human is emitted above the critical angle. (4) When the internal 'disappearance becomes the ', the light-emitting line is taken out to the outer refractive index l/(2n) of the 2 2 light-emitting layer 8. For example, when the light-emitting layer 8 is ^, the efficiency 77 can be approximated as ;^ The above light becomes the guided wave light becomes ^ ^ when 'ei 7% or so, 80% is lost, the light is taken out from the organic light-emitting element Loss of light and loss of 200,904,236 -An organic EL element using a fluorescent material in a luminescent material, which is used in the exciton (4) (4) generated by the recombination of charges injected from the electrodes 7 and 9: related to luminescence 'There is only a single-state exciton, and its probability of generation is 1/4. That is, the difference is that only considering this point' efficiency is 5% so low. In contrast, in recent years, the luminescent layer itself is illuminated. The method has progressed _ emits a luminescent material that emits light from the tri-state excitons, and further discovers the possibility of leaping forward to improve quantum efficiency. > However, even if the quantum efficiency is improved in this way, if the light When the extraction efficiency is low, the combined effect still causes the luminous efficiency of the organic EL element to be lowered. In other words, if the extraction efficiency is improved, the luminous efficiency should be improved according to the synergistic effect. On the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 1. When the organic EL element is formed by laminating the light-emitting layer 8 via the transparent electrode layer 7, as described above, about 8% of the lost light is lost, and most of the total reflection is at (1) the total reflection at the interface between the light-transmitting substrate 1 and the air. , (7) at The total reflection of the interface between the light-emitting substrate and the light-transmitting substrate 1 is that the light is incident from the high refraction to the low-refraction medium, and according to the concept of total reflection, the incident angle is greater than or equal to the boundary angle. The light is totally reflected at the interface and is sealed inside. ' : Total reflection of the interface between the transparent substrate 1 and the gas, and (2) Transparent electrode layer 7 Total reflection at the interface of the optical substrate 1 If the ratio is considered separately, the former is about 35%, and the latter is about 45%. Therefore, nowadays, in terms of the method of improving the light extraction efficiency, some people change the properties of the interface between the light-transmitting substrate 1 and the air, (2) There are two methods of changing the properties of the transparent electrode ^ the interface of the light-transmitting substrate 1. Regarding the former, it is mentioned that the 射 猝 在 在 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光 透光For example, Japanese special Kaiping (7) - Milk 37! bulletin). Regarding the latter, as shown in Fig. 3B, the light-scattering layer 2 is formed between the transparent electrode layer 7 and the light-transmissive beauty, and the light is scattered by the light-scattering layer 2. Thereby, the electrode layer 7 and the light-transmitting substrate are lowered! The ratio of total reflection generated by the interface increases the efficiency of J. The light-scattering portion 2 is finely formed on the surface of the scattering layer 2 of the transparent electrode layer 7 of the transparent electrode layer 7 of the transparent substrate 7 of the transparent substrate &. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, the light-releasing layer is flat. 'The surface of the transparent electrode layer 7 which is flattened and smoothed, and which is thin in the ( ( 参照 参照 参照 参照 参照 参照 参照 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 咖 ' ' The layer 2 and the transparent electrode sound 7 are coming out of the door - the light will be all in the day of the sun (four) pole layer 7 and the relaxation layer 31. The king reflection will reduce the silking efficiency, so the light mosquito rate can be more [Explanation] In view of the above, the object is to provide total reflection of light at the interface between the bright electrode layer and the relaxation layer, and to provide the surface light-emitting body of the present invention, which comprises the soil material, a light-scattering layer is formed on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate. The light-emitting layer is formed on the surface of the light-scattering layer, and is formed by light or electric energy, or the germanium layer contains a binder and two kinds of fillers. The refractive index of the binder is Nb 1. The refractive index of one of the two kinds of fillers is Qiu. The refractive index Nf2 is satisfied Nf2 > Nb > Nf12 relationship. According to the configuration in which the light-scattering layer formed between the light-transmitting substrate and the light-emitting layer is formed by including a binder satisfying the above refractive index and two types of fillers, the light scattering effect is amplified by the light-emitting layer. When the light emitted from the film is emitted from the photo-emissive layer to the light-transmitting substrate, the critical angle is disturbed, and the incidence of light entering the light-transmitting substrate is increased, and the efficiency of light extraction to the outside is greater. [Embodiment] The best shape of the invention is described in the first embodiment of the present invention. The surface light-emitting body according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1A and 1B. Fig. 1A shows the structure of the surface light-emitting body of the first embodiment, and Fig. 1 shows the light-scattering layer 2 formed on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 1. 'You can use organic or non-mechanical components that are illuminated by light or electric energy. The hair button 3, the gamma axis on the light (four) layer 2, the coffee layer = the layer, the opposite layer (cathode) 9 and the hole to be placed in the hole, the second layer, and the like. The light emitted from the light-emitting layer 8 is transmitted through the light-scattering layer 2 and the light-transmitting substrate 1 through the light-emitting layer 7, as shown by the arrow in Fig. 1B, and is emitted to the outside. As the substrate 1, a known transparent substrate, for example, a substrate of nanoglass J, or a polycarbonate flexible substrate can be used. The refractive index of the substrate is 透, 146~丨6= inside. ^ίίίΐ layer 2 is formed by the inclusion of two kinds of filler materials 5, 6 in the bonding agent 4. a coating film formed on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 1 which is formed by mixing a liquid coating material prepared by mixing a material and a binder forming material onto the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 1 and allowing formation The light-transmitting substrate 1 is formed by drying. Here, "drying" means removing a liquid or a hairy component from a coating film to leave a solid coating, meaning that it can be used during drying. Further, after the coating film is dried to obtain a coating film, the coating film may be heated and treated. Further, the method of forming a coating film by continuous drying may be a spin coating method, a spray coating method, a main cloth method, a printing coating method, or the like, but is not limited to those other than the above. The filaments are formed in the calender scattering layer 2, and the fillers 5, 6' formed by the binder forming material and the members form mutually opposite phases. The filler materials 5, 6 remain and are constrained to a dispersed state. This bonding was formed by drying the liquid coating material composition of ▲ into a coating film, and was formed by 200904236 = agent: ί material f. When dried, the binder forming material can chemically change chemically. By forming the material into the binder, from the dissolution and /; = two: = can be included as needed: 有 there is a coating agent, a uniformity of the coating used to form a smooth coating film; ::Sub;:2; Ethylene glycol such as acid glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol derivative used to control the thickness of the tackifier, etc. Efficient agent, and one of the two types of filler materials 5, 6 used to impart a light-transmitting light-scattering layer 2f to the light-transmitting group Nb' 2 types of filling coffee, 6 4 and 2 kinds of filling Material 5,;,: 'The binder is selected so that the binder 4 and the two kinds of materials satisfy the relationship of Nf2>Nb>Nfi. If the refractive index is satisfied by the difference in refractive index, the transparent electrode layer 7 is formed on the surface of the transparent substrate (10), and the light emitted from the organic light-emitting layer 8 is generated at the f-angle. Chaos, in an increased ratio 'junction' electrode layer 7 is incident on the light-transmissive hollow cerium oxide particles, 5, for example: aerogels (caffe, particles, etc.. Further, particles, organic polymer particles Metal Oxygen Interfacial Active Material Treats S-Gland, 6, Particles' In order to improve the dispersibility, the surface should be treated with longitude. q, cloth treatment, etc. will not cause a significant change in refractive index. In the range of 1.2~2.5, A, "A kind of filling material has a refractive index Nfi of 200904236 ϋ ^3. The lower limit of the illuminating rate of rain 1 is not particularly limited, generally in the left material is " The refractive index of the filler material of the octa-type filler is lower than μ, so that the amplitude is lowered. As a result, the light scattering property is high, and the difference between the refractive index Nfi of the fillers 5 and 6 is good. 〇.5以上以上 ί ί The difference between the refractive index W and Nf2 of the fillers 5 and 6 is set at 0.5, and the extraction efficiency of the high light is increased. There is no particular limitation on the limit, but the difference between the ton and the ton is equal to 3 = the lower m 8 and the (iv) the i9 diameter is 5 or more for the i si / Γ filling material 5, 6 In the case of average granules (for example, Ra = 2 () nm ^ rough 1 large and layer (planarized layer) (refer to 3b). 辕 * δ on the surface of the second 又 置 slow Ra below 2 〇 nm or less 〇 曰 。 。 。 才 才 才 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度 粗糙度5 襄 襄 襄 — — 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充 充6 Dispersibility "I ^ ^ two adhesives 4 light scattering layer 2. Two kinds of filler materials 5, 6 and thousands of knives f have a solid material 5, 6 system, but the average particle size of the two The difference is not limited to the upper limit of the second and the second difference. The grain size or the average grain of the material 5 or 6 is better than the inner diameter. The filling is performed by the principle of using the laser light diffraction principle described later. Device_quantity value. The material of the agent 4, / the oxidized stone, the porous body, etc. = if the organic polymer, the metal oxidation rate is sufficient for the above relationship, the refraction of the filler material 5, 6 is generally at 1. H. 60 shouting The refractive index of the bonding agent 4 may be in the combination of the bonding agent 4 and the filling material $, the materials 5, 6 from the aerogel particles, and at least one of the filling materials, the viscosity = = at least one of fine particles and hollow particles of polymer is preferred. It is preferably selected from the range of organic polymers and metal oxides. Further, _^=4 is limited to ^', and it is generally suitable to be 100 to 2000 nm, and is not particularly limited. However, the general ratio ^ ==, the content ratio of the materials 5, 6 should be set at 10 · · 90 ~ 7 〇: 4 and the mass ratio of Luchong filler material 5, 6 is not particularly limited, but small refractive Further, it is preferable to blend the mass ratio of the ratio 1 of the two types of filler materials 5 and 6. In the case of the large refractive index (10), it is preferable that the filler material contained in the two types of charge = ^ 蜊 4 is not as above. At this time, at least two types of fillers 6 must be included, which may have included the refraction of the third filler material light-scattering layer 2; the above relationship with the binder B. It is determined that the refractive index of the light-transmitting substrate 1 is within the circumference of the light-transmitting substrate 1 , but it is still preferable to reduce the ratio of the light-scattering layer 2 to the same or smaller than the ratio of the light-scattering layer 2, so that the light pick-up material 1 (10) gauge occurs. In addition, the light scattering layer 2 has a haze of 2 to 5G, which is a good total transmittance. The mouth should be set to have a light and a light appearance, and the high light extraction efficiency can be achieved. \When the haze is high, even if it is mentioned, FM △, Γ white, damage the appearance of the surface illuminant. The light on the scattering layer 2 is clear. As described above, the light-based organic EL τ ” may have a well-known organic el 200904236 element structure, and may be, for example, a charge emitter and a cathode interposed between a plurality of electrodes, for example, a transparent electrode. The plurality of organic light-emitting layers 8 are disposed so that the light-emitting luminance ίβ direction is arranged in series in the electrodes 7 and 9 constituting the organic EL element. A transparent electrode sound 7 having light transmittance is used. 'To> one of the electrodes 7亟7 and 9 uses the effect of having light transmission; the electrode of the raw one, and any material can be used as and/or without hindering the invention Α^^(ΐτο). ^ ^ An organic layer of an extremely thin film, a conductive polymer, a conductive material, a metal such as a material or a gold, or a conductive substance, and an electric substance and a conductive substance (a gas phase shape such as a donor or an ion-mine film method) The electrode is usually coated by a surface method: the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the surface of the 2 The transparent electrode layer 7 having irregularities on the surface reflects the unevenness, and the shape used in the light scattering layer is lowered. In this case, if the conductive layer is used, the coating method of the _(4) is transparent to form a silky surface. a layer of conductive electrodes arranged on the surface of the light-scattering (four) 2 as a basement guide = a two-layer structure for the formation of a transparent phthalocyanine, a phthalocyanine, a phthalocyanine, a naphthoquinone (C_arin),, diazole, oxime ^ I : enelotetraphenyl butadiene, coumarin metal complex , (8-bis-phenylene, cyclopentadiene, oxime, complex, j (5-miS complex, ginseng (4-methyl-8)-based V-burst ~8-hydroxyl Quinoline) aluminum complex, aminoquinoline 12 200904236 metal complex, benzoquinoline metal complex, ginseng-(p-triphenyl-4-yl)amine, methane, ketone ketone I wish (4)), red fluorene-eneduct & coffee, and derivatives thereof, f 1 diaryl- 2,5-bis(2-thienyl)pyrrole derivatives, distyrylbenzene derivatives, a stupid ethylene arylene derivative, a styrylamine derivative, and a compound or a polymer comprising a part of these luminescent compounds, and a compound derived from a luminescent pigment represented by a sputum A compound or a polymer of various illuminating materials can be used. The carrier metal of the organic light-emitting layer 8 and the transparent electrode layer 7 and the counter electrode 9 from the transparent electrode layer 7 and the (four) electrode 9 can be used. , layer, matte cyanine layer, receptor, etc. 'to become alkalinized, so the components will be different due to external factors such as moisture or oxygen. Therefore; also; st; The vicinity of the power supply and the center of the light-emitting surface are bright. The auxiliary material can be used to make the electrode above or below the material. (10) Calling or using light energy =: = can be followed by the following embodiment of the surface light-emitting device of the present embodiment. In addition, 200904236 f average molecular weight, by gel permeation chromatography (gd permeati〇n chrormtography; GPC) 'TOSOH (shares) system "HLC-812〇" to Dong instrument, and standard polystyrene A calibration curve was prepared and measured as the conversion enthalpy. ' (Example 1) ', 86.8 parts by mass of tetraethoxy zebao was added with isopropyl alcohol 8 〇 3 5 parts by mass added with 7-methyl propylene oxime 75 parts by mass of propyltrimethoxydecane 34 7 was mixed well using a disperser to obtain a solution. The solution was allowed to swim overnight in a 40 C thermostat for 2 hours to obtain a weight average molecular weight i 〇 5 〇 as a 5% ketone resin solution of a ketone resin as a forming material.卞冯钻(10) Next, in this Shixi 嗣 resin solution, a 1 ΡΑ dispersion sol of hollow oxidized oxide particles (average granules 〇 s shell thickness 1 〇 nm) is added (solid content: 20 i amount Γ ^ catalyzed into 1 The company's resin) is obtained by diluting with isopropanol to a mass of oxidized oxide particles/side tree-incorporated compound, and obtaining a resin solution containing a hollow oxidation side & - Oxidation second component of titanium dioxide two-surface coating: 2 〇 Γ Γ LL 甲 甲 甲 溶胶 ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙 异丙Two people two: oxidized stone evening particles / oxidized stone eve - titanium oxide composite particles / Shi Xi 酉 with resin == _ Ming « quantity of base material _ side, the shape of the sac: sf: = ί ί 3 3 = 炫 oxygen her situation, for the quality of Si〇2., placed in the second case of the milk base stone simmering in the form of Sio] 5 hollow Nd is 1 rate for UW system to meet Nf2> N:> Nf : ^二-Titanium particles refracting liquid coating; only. The binder forming material 'is the refractive index of the upper phase of the first phase of the film. Hollow oxidized oxide particles and oxidation 14 200904236: Xi-Titanium particles The refractive index is measured by the immersion method. Specifically, the particle size of the principle of the material is determined by the method of the device, and the laser is used to circulate Μηίί 1 using a glass plate (C胤ming company, "胤咖", refraction) At the rate, the coating film is made by a spin coater in the form of a surface - ί = dry, and the coating film is: the refractive index of the material is M5, which is smaller than the light-transmitting group. 1 fold ίί ΐΐ The haze of the scattering layer 2 is 30. The earth is so... the yoke is light and the __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ F5:4^15 ^ Install ΐί空__ 7 suspected substrate 1 - diphenyl, ^ formed on layer 7 film thickness 4--, (NPB) (eRay S), ^ ^ ^ second, in Hole transport layer 1 〇 __q) (manufactured by eRay Co., Ltd.) ^^ Machine 6 = Forming the ginseng (H again, on which the thickness and electron transport layer are formed. Thick A 〇 A1 (high purity chemistry public H Above the sub-volume, the film is vacuum-vaporized and an organic EL element as the illuminant 3 is formed to form the counter electrode 9 as a cathode. After the test, the light-transmitting substrate 1 having the above layers is formed, and is not exposed thereto. The container was placed in a glove box having a dry nitrogen atmosphere with a dew point of 80 ° C or less. On the other hand, a water absorbing agent (manufactured by Dynic Co., Ltd.) was attached to a glass cap, and the portion was coated with an ultraviolet curable resin seal. In addition, by attaching a sealant to the light-transmitting substrate in a glove box, the organic EL element is surrounded and the sealant is hardened by the shot, and the organic EL element (light-emitting body) 3 is sealed. Surface illuminant. · π mesh in the seal (Example 2) on the clever closure 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ The mass reference is _3G, and the coating material composition is prepared, and the refractive index of the coating 2 is smaller than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1. The light 2 吏 is smaller than the refractive index L5 of the transparent substrate 1 and is dispersed in the light. Surface illuminant. Yangding $ into organic EL element (illuminant) 3, and obtained (Example 3) The body falsity standard was 6_/3G, and the coating material was prepared. ^= The tamping composition was the same as that of the actual gin 1 The refractive index of the 4 thief coating material is greater than that of the permeable substrate 丨 / ' ', the county scattering layer 2 1.63 is larger than the transparent substrate i; the refractive index of the luminescent f-layer k is the same as in the first embodiment. , forming an ancient, and, on the light scattering layer 2 and the light body. The organic EL element (light-emitting body) 3 is formed into a surface (Example 4). The thermally decomposable transparent conductive scattering layer 2 is placed on the rods, 丄, and 2 in the same manner as in the first embodiment. Next, it was printed and coated by a light-scattering layer printing method, and dried at 12 (Γγ 籾 ( (manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) in a net and C for 2 minutes, and then heat-treated at 35 (TC for 0416 200904236 hours to form a transparent Electrode sample (ti is an organic component (illuminant) 3, which is ίίίί, which does not form a light-scattering layer 2, and is used in the evaluation of the glass, and the sample is counted as a mass). Material composition 'and Example / ) The cloth material consists of the shot layer 2, and the fish paste 2 is formed in the same manner to form a light-scattering body 3 to obtain a surface-emitting body. (5) The sample is carried out to form an organic EL element (the embodiment of the light-emitting body ^ and the surface of the comparative example 1-2), so that the flow passes through the organic Ε 元 yuan = ^ Jia, system, DC power supply (my company The meter (TOPCON male) - the internal state is set at 1GmA/em2, and the results of using the light-pressing characteristics in each case are shown in Table 1. Again, current-electricity

It is confirmed that the light extraction efficiency is high. —— Brightness (cd/m2) Current efficiency (cd/A) --- 476 4.76 ~ -— 490 4.90 400 4.00 450 4.50 330 3.30 340 3.40 17 200904236 (Example 5) at 2.8 ethoxy stone court 86 8 mass To the mixture, isopropyl alcohol was added, and r-methyl methacrylate methoxypropyltrimethoxy, ruthenium, and tartaric acid were added in mass portions, and the mixture was thoroughly mixed using a disperser to 2. ^ and 0^ were mixed in a 4 〇 C 惶 warm bath for 2 hours to obtain a weight average molecular 〇 = 〉 〉 谷 结 结 结 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 As a binder component: 20% by mass, catalytically industrial 2 dispersed sol (solid sol' makes hollow oxidized particles/oxygen, and wants to 'diluted into 5 mass conversion if' The refractive index Nd of the material is 7 48 ^: the refractive index Nfi of the particles is U5, and the above is the relationship of Nf2 > Nb > Nfl. The refractive index of the impurity is shame. Coating = composition coated in light transmissive two: the film will be coated on the film 20 (TC calcined for 30 minutes, into the rod 孰 扭 twisted to cover the surface _ to form the silk layer 2 T, forming the thickness of Na 2 2: 42, "Upper eight; "1" thin thickness to form a final phosphor film, to obtain a surface illuminant. Team), formed as a luminescent layer 8 (Example 6) granule / oxygen solution, The empty oxygen cut micro 49/2_, compound compound conversion) The solid mass reference was made into the main fabric side composition, and the coating material composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 18, 200904236, to form a light scattering layer 2^^^5. In the same manner, base #辅_, shot layer 2 and the example (Example 7) titanium particles / copper m (aged TZ ^ T: mJT' pattern τ ' domain light scattering layer 2 On the light-scattering layer 2, in the same manner as in Example 5, a phosphor thin film was formed to obtain a surface light-emitting layer (Comparative Example 3) ... a light-scattering layer was not formed without a light-scattering layer 2' In the same manner as in Example 5, the surface of the crucible was formed in the same manner as in Example 5, and the surface luminescence was obtained: In the example of the obtained smoky resin solution, the hollow oxidized oxide granule sol was added to the emulsified stone. The granules/second ketone resin (converted in terms of a condensed compound) is 7-(without adding titanium oxide fine particles) to prepare a coating material composition, and the coating material domain is formed in the same manner as in Example 5 The silk scattering layer 2, in addition to the real-time 5 啰 啰,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, The film of the light body was irradiated with a 20 W ultraviolet fluorescent lamp, and the brightness of the surface of the light-transmitting substrate was measured using (manufactured by TOPCON Co., Ltd.), and no difference was observed in the luminescence spectrum. Table 2] 'Brightness (cd/m2) Example 5 8.2 Example 6 13.3 Real Example 7 10.3 19 200904236 Comparative Example 3 _ Comparative Example 4 Confirmation: Each of Examples 5-7 is higher in luminance than Comparative Example 3-4' (Second Embodiment), and Referring to Fig. 2A and the gaze set1, Fig. 2A shows the surface of the light-scattering layer 2 opposite to the light-transmitting substrate 1 and the surface of the light-emitting body 3, FIG. 2B. The light scattering r 3.9 7.4 ί layer 31 is formed. In the second embodiment, a relaxation layer 3 is formed between the light scattering layer 2 and the transparent electrode layer 7. For example, the material 'is not particularly limited as long as it can transmit light. , Non-alkali glass and other rigid transparent glass plates, polycarbonate or poly-t---------------------------------------------------- The light-scattering layer 2' having a surface 5 on the surface of the substrate 1 has a structure in which the light is scattered, and the first embodiment is formed, and the surface of the substrate 1 in which the particles are bonded is formed, but it may be The patterned substrate of the optical substrate 1 is formed by a sandblaster or the like for the light-transmissive substrate 1 λίίίίϊ = 透 透 透 透 透 透 = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = In the case of the light scattering layer 2, the particles can be made, such as TM2, s1〇2, Zr〇2, Al2〇3, Ta2〇3, Zn〇2, sb2〇3, rS1〇 4. Fossil or such porous material or such as or as an organic solvent such as acrylic resin, *ethylene resin, polyethylene terephthalate, or fat. The particle diameter of the particles is preferably in the range of 100 nm to 20 μm for effective emission. Adhesives, such as 1 ethylene, polypropylene, poly(p-phenylene terephthalate), polystyrene, poly-, poly-pure, polycarbonate: acrylic, polyacrylonitrile, polyethylene Base B_, Polydecylamine, Polycondensation 20 200904236 : Sub-acid: phthalic acid ester resin, cellulose resin, polyvinyl chloride, etc., which can be reduced by resin or composition. This oxane structure oxidizes the oxygen cleavage body, for example, how to use the geisha Xiwei or its ==== can be used to make the tetraethoxy weiwei nucleus grain only (four) poor, usually by shooting, the m refractive index difference Too small, it is difficult to get the effective _ 率 rate. 'The rate is large, the employee Wei is enlarged, and there is a spin coating method, a dip coating method, a die casting method, a gravure coating method in which a coating material obtained by removing a body push adhesive is applied to the light-transmitting substrate 1 Law and so on. The film thickness of the light-scattering layer 2 is not particularly limited to a range of about 0.1 to 20/m. And, the better case is... and the above! In the case of the embodiment, two kinds of micro (four) light scattering layers of different light groups are formed on the surface of the light-transmitting substrate 1, and the light-scattering layer 2 containing the above-mentioned particle size for Mie scattering is also can. ', Destroy Even with the light-scattering layer 2 formed by the above-described method, the light-scattering layer is a rough surface of the concave and convex. For example, the dispersion is formed by a coating material containing particles, and in the case of particles exposed on the surface of the light-scattering layer 2, irregularities are generated. When the transparent electrode layer 7 is directly formed on the surface of the light-scattering layer 2, since the film thickness of the wind 7 is thin, a shape reflecting the unevenness is formed. As a result, there is a problem in U = = or there is a short circuit. Therefore, a relaxation layer 3 is formed on the surface on the opposite side of the 盥, = planar substrate 1, and the light scattering layer 曰 2 light = the relaxation layer is filled, and a transparent g is formed on the smooth surface of the relaxation layer 31. A resin coating layer may be formed. The light transmissive property of the coating resin is sufficient, and it is not particularly mosquito. For example: polysodium, poly-, poly-uimine, polyamine, imipenem, epoxy, polymethyl, poly _ ^ 200904236 polycarbonate. Among them, polypyrmine, polyamidimide, and cyclosporin are preferred. After coating the surface of the light-scattering layer 2 with a coating resin, it is hardened by heating to form a relaxation layer 31. The film thickness of the relaxation layer 31 is not particularly limited, and is preferably from 1 to 2 Å to 坩 left six/range. 4 forms the refractive index of the resin of the relaxation layer 31. In order to reduce the total reflection at the interface between the transparent electrode layer 7 and the relaxation layer 31, more light is introduced into the light scattering layer 2, and it is desirable to be higher than the refractive index of the transparent electrode layer 7. Or even if it is lower than the main shape of the refractive index of the transparent electrode layer 7, it is desirable that the refractive index difference is small. Further, the light scattering layer 2 is formed by coating to form a refractive index of the resin of the retardation layer 31, desirably smaller than the refractive index of the light scattering layer 2, or even higher than the refractive index of the light scattering layer 2, it is desirable The refractive index difference is small. Ideally, it is preferable that the refractive index in the layer of the relaxation layer 31 is gradually increased or decreased from the side of the transparent electrode layer 7 toward the side of the light-scattering layer 2, at the interface with the transparent electrode layer 7, the ship and the layer. The refractive index of 31 is larger than the refractive index of the transparent electrode layer 7 and is the same as that of the interface with the light-scattering layer 2. The refractive index of the relaxation layer 31 is the same as that of the light scattering. In this case, the optical interface of the mitigating layer 31 and the transmissive (tetra) pole layer 7 or the ΐ ^ ^ 折射率 折射率 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 独 界面 界面 界面 界面 界面 界面 界面 界面After 31, the through-pole layer 7 is formed on the surface opposite to the side of the retarding axe 7. Transparent or this special laminate. These transparent electrodes are formed by a vapor deposition method such as a money film method. Transparent Thunder 7 11 hanging with money plating or ion 50~30_ left ^ good through the thickness of the pole layer 7 is not particularly limited, to force: layer 7 'in order to temper the electrode material, add deal with. ", the treatment" is harder than the resin used to cure the formation of the relaxation layer 31, heating temperature 22 200904236 'hard: temperature. If higher than the tree (bubble) 32 forming the relaxation layer 31, it can be seen To the relaxation layer 3〗 The occurrence of void heat will make this relaxation layer;: ^ The temperature of the Wei temperature plus the transparent thunder lung 7 MW pure - step hard pure shrinking 'but due to the relaxation layer 31 ' θ lift δ part of the shrinkage Restricted, so for other parts of the stretch screen U, it is possible that the resin forming the relaxation layer 31 is generated as a void ^. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, the product nH and the transparent electrode are generated near the 4 js·11 b The interface plus layer 疋 of the layer 7 also creates a void 32 in the interior of the relaxation layer 31. The curing temperature of the resin forming the relaxation layer 31 is T. The ^^ degree is set in the range of +5 generation + saki Preferably, the distance between the two turns is preferably from 10 minutes to about 2 hours. The size of the gap 32 of 1 ίί can be adjusted by selecting the resin or the member for forming the relaxation layer 31, and the diameter of the gap 32 is 5~ The range of marriage is better: If the diameter of ί 32 is less than 5nm, the effect of light scattering is small, and, * ίΪίΐΪ: In the surface, the interface 1 of the relaxation layer 31 and the transparent electrode layer 7 is in close contact with each other, which is detrimental to the reliability of the device. The transparent electrode layer 7 is disposed on the surface of the relaxation layer 31 in an extremely transparent manner. 7 is formed on the surface on the opposite side, and the layer 31 is formed on the opposite side to form the light-emitting layer 8. Further, the surface of the opposite side of the transparent electrode layer 7 is provided with a counter electrode / = an organic EL element. Figure 2 shows the surface illuminator. The opposite electrode; the slab can be used. A1 or the like can also be used in combination with A1 and other electrode materials to form a combination of blood-bonded materials, for example, a laminate of alkali metal and A1. , alkali metal: two and f body, a mixture of an alkali metal halide and A1, an oxide of an alkali metal, a layer of a layer, a soil of a soil or a mixture of a rare earth metal and A1, etc. It is an alloy of other metals, etc. More specifically, "^, for example, sodium, sodium-potassium alloys, laminates with Α1, magnesium-silver mixtures, magnesium-bismuth mixtures, aluminum-σ, LiF/ΑΙ Mixture/laminate, Α1/Α!2〇3 mixture, etc. 23 200904236 Further, as in the case of the first embodiment, And: between the electrodes 9, a hole can be formed to transport (2) an electrode layer, or a layer for reducing damage during film formation of the electrode. The surface layer illuminator formed by the scorpion transport layer and the buffering method is The transparent electrode layer 7 «light is applied between the drain electrodes 9 to emit light in the light-emitting layer 8 , the turn 7 and the opposite power 31 and the light-scattering layer 2 transmit the light-transmitting substrate 1 and the i-transmission mitigation layer 3 and the transparent electrode layer The interface of 7 is formed with = at this time, a light scattering structure is formed at the interface between the layer 7 and the relaxation layer 31. Therefore, the tantalum electrode layer is incident on the relaxation layer 31, too, and the transparent electrode layer 7 #ΐ interface scattering can be suppressed. The transparent electrode layer 7 turns / j 'Γ"4", ^ the boundary of the light substrate 1 S hairline. Further, the gaps 32 are formed between the inner and lower layers, and therefore, the light is irradiated on the light-transmitting substrate by the inner layer 2 of the light-releasing layer 3i. In this way, the total reflection can be improved, and the transparent electrode layer 7 can be efficiently transmitted from the transparent layer 31 to the light-scattering layer 31 and the light-scattering layer, and the light emitted from the light-emitting layer 2 and the light-emitting layer 8 can be emitted. The extraction efficiency is improved.坂1 is taken out first, so that after the transparent electrode layer 7 is formed on the surface of the relaxation layer 31, it can also be heat-treated, and the material of the enamel layer 7 is mixed with the resin forming the relaxation layer 31 at the interface between the transparent electrode layer 7 and the relaxation layer 31. 1. If the ratio is from the side of the transparent electrode layer 7 to the mitigating layer, then the refractive index of the gradual layer 31 gradually changes and the slope is gradually changed.

The Li ϋ rate can be made to be described in detail by way of example in the vicinity of the interface of the interface, the vicinity of the interface between the intermediate layer and the relaxation layer 31, and the intermediate layer. Also, 24 200904236 Weight average molecular weight, using GPC (gel permeation chromatography), for the test _, with standard polystyrene work as a check ' (Example 8) on tetraethoxy zexi 8 "8 quality To the mixture, 8 〇 3·5 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol was added, and 7 parts by mass of rT-based acryloxypropyltrimethoxy decane 34 and 75 parts by mass of fluorite octanoic acid were added, and the mixture was thoroughly mixed to obtain a solution. The obtained liquid was irradiated at 4 Torr for 2 hours, and the weight average weight was 5% by mass. Next, in this __ solution towel, methyl particles (GE Toshiba paste, "TQsp coffee (10)": average particle diameter 2) were added, and methyl ketone ketone particles / lysin resin (converted compound conversion) were solid. On the basis of the mass standard, 80/20, the dispersion was obtained by a homogenizer to obtain a solution of the sulfhydryl ketone particles dispersed in the sulphuric acid: in addition to the above-mentioned "condensed compound conversion", in the case of tetraalkoxy decane, Si was present in the form of Quality. 2 Next, using an alkali-free glass plate ("No. 1737" manufactured by Coming Co., Ltd.) as the light-transmitting substrate 1, the fluorenyl ketone ketone particles were dispersed in an oxime resin solution and applied to a light-transmitting property at 1,000 rpm. The surface of the substrate was dried, and after repeated application and drying, the film was calcined at 200 C for 30 minutes to form a light-scattering layer 2 having a thickness of about 200 Å. The optical properties of the light-transmitting substrate 1 on which the light-scattering layer 2 was formed were measured by a haze meter (rNDH-2, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.), and the haze haze was % 4, and the total light transmittance was measured. It is 73.4%. On the surface of the light-scattering layer 2, a ruthenium-based resin coating material ("HRn783" manufactured by 〇pTMATE Co., Ltd., nD = 1.78, concentration: 18% by mass) was applied by a spin coater at 2 rpm. ), drying, and then heating at 2 Torr (rc for 3 〇 minutes; | hardening to form a relaxation layer 31 having a thickness of about 4/zm. Next, using an ITO target (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), by easing layer 31 The surface is sputtered to form a ruthenium film having a film thickness of i2 〇 nm on the relaxation layer 31. Next, a light-transmissive substrate i having an ITO layer formed thereon is formed in an Ar atmosphere at 300. (: The ITO film is tempered to form a transparent electrode layer 25 with a sheet resistance of 18 Ω/□. 200904236 7. On this day t, the relaxation layer 31 is observed by an electron microscope, and along the interface with the transparent electrode layer 7, the direct control 5~l〇 is confirmed. The void 32 of 0 nm is shaped by a distribution density of an area of about 2%. Further, although the gap 32 formed by the interface of the transparent electrode layer 7 is smaller than the distribution density of the carrier, it is confirmed that the inside of the relaxation layer 31 is also formed. % void. Ten-person j will open > into a transparent substrate with a transparent electrode layer 丨, to C The ketone, pure water and iso-alcohol were subjected to ultrasonic washing for 15 minutes, dried, and then treated with uv-〇3 for 15 minutes. Thereafter, the transparent substrate was saved in the remaining device, above the transparent electrode layer 7. 'Formation of N, N, diphenyl-n, N, -bis(1-naphthalene i)-1 bis-biphenyl-4'4'-diamine _)_y company made by film thickness 4 〇nm) As the hole-transmission layer i, it is formed on the surface of the film with a thickness of 60 nm (8-via 喧基琳) Ming (AlqXeRay sub-transport layer and luminescent layer 8, and then formed on the thin layer 1

LlF (manufactured by 咼 Purification) is used as an electron injection layer. Finally, above the electron injection sound

A1 (manufactured by High Purity Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a film thickness of 8 Å was formed as the cathode electrode 9. J

Thereafter, the light-transmitting substrate on which the above layers are formed is not exposed to a glove box which is transported to a dry atmosphere of a dew point of -8 G ° C or less. On the other hand, J 2, (manufactured by Dynic Co., Ltd.) is attached to a glass cap, and the cap is replaced with a UV-cured tree. Moreover, in the glove (1) from the (10) 'fine 2 sinuo yi l element structure (Example 9) in the tetraethoxy zexi 88.2 parts by mass of isopropanol added 8 〇 3 added r 曱 醯 propylene oxime The propyl trimethoxy zexiyuan 34, Liguang, and then the mass parts, the paste is thoroughly mixed, and the mixture is stirred in a 40 C thermostat for 2 hours to obtain a 5 mass% solution of the liquid lipid of the average weight distribution. Next, the IPA = j fossil Xiqing, which is the solution of the sulphuric acid resin solution = _ _ tree granules (average particle size 6 〇 mn, shell thickness 10 nm). Dispersing medium: isopropyl alcohol, catalyzed into 4 (4) 26 200904236 Released 5% by mass of sol 'in terms of hollow cerium oxide" to a solid mass basis of 35/30, and obtained a resin (condensed compound resin solution. In this solution, "fine particles of cerium oxide-coated cerium oxide-titanium oxide composite fine particles (average granules, sub-surface oxidized cerium oxide sol (solid content: 2G mass%, catalytically formed into two or two Gnm) are added. Ethyl ketone is divided into 5% by mass of sol, so that hollow oxidized oxide particles; oxygen: J phantom, isopropyl alcohol diluted granules / lithographic resin (converted compound conversion) solid matter I 7 liquefied titanium composite micro In the manner, the final coating material composition is obtained. The soil is '50, which is 35/35/30. Here, the refractive index of the oxidized oxidized cerium particles of the above-mentioned binder material is 1.25, oxygen cutting· The oxidized hollow is 1.85, and the refractive index of the emulsified titanium miscellaneous is satisfied by the relationship of Nf2 > Nb > Nfl, and the glass is not used. (Coming public g胄 "Ν 1. Increased into a translucent substrate!, with a spin coater ;^:.1737", refractive index, 7mm tit film, The calcination is carried out at 200 C for 30 minutes, and the light scattering layer 2 is used for the light scattering layer 2; the light scattering layer 2 is; the ratio of this = is small, and the haze of the light is 2, forming a thickness of about After the 500 nm light-scattering layer 2, the light-scattering layer 2 of the t-thickness is formed by the second embodiment, and the slow second electrode layer 7, the light-emitting layer 8, and the counter electrode 9 are formed in the same manner as in the eighth embodiment, and (f). The surface light-emitting body composed of the organic EL element was applied to the cap-shell dense member. (Comparative Example 5) The surface of the optical substrate 1 was directly immersed in an ITO film, and subjected to a small addition at 300 ° C to form a tempering. Transparent Electrode Layer 7. (Comparative Example 6) 27 200904236 In Example 8, after sputtering, tempered transparent electrode layer 7 was formed at 2 () (). In addition, D 1 = heating Example 8 is the same, but due to the heat treatment of the low U electrons, the k and the layer 31, there is no gap in the layer 31. The D (^ power supply (manufactured by Keithley) is used to flow through the element. The internal electroluminescence was fixed, and the organic EL element of Example 8-9 and Comparative Example 5-6 obtained by the above method was evaluated by a luminance meter (manufactured by T0PC0N Co., Ltd.). Surface illuminant characteristics. At this time, the front shell degree and the current efficiency (cd/Α) are simultaneously measured at an angular orientation of 1 〇 to a range of 180° to +180, and the total beam is calculated (power efficiency lm/ w). As a result, when the case of Comparative Example 5 was 1, the relative number was as shown in Table 3. Further, no significant difference was observed in the current-voltage characteristics of Examples 8-9 and Comparative Examples 5-6. There is no large difference in luminescence spectrum. [Table 3] Current efficiency (cd/A) Power efficiency (lm/W) Example 8 1.8 1.8 Example 9 1.8 2.0 Comparative Example 5 1 1 Comparative Example 6 1.4 1.4 3, it was confirmed that the light extraction efficiency of Example 8-9 was improved as compared with Comparative Example 5, and the light extraction efficiency was improved as compared with Comparative Example 6. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a surface light-emitting body according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing a light-scattering layer formed on a surface of the light-transmitting substrate. FIG. 2A shows a second embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view of the illuminant of the form is shown in Fig. 28. Fig. 28 200904236 2B shows a cross-sectional view of the mitigating layer. Fig. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional surface light-emitting body, and Fig. 3B is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of another conventional surface light-emitting body.

[Description of main components] 1 Translucent substrate 2 Light-scattering layer 3 Luminous body 4 Adhesive 5 Filling material 6 Filling material 7 Transparent electrode layer (electrode) 8 Light-emitting layer 9 Counter electrode (electrode) 10 Hole transport layer 11 electron transport layer 31 relaxation layer 32 gap 29

Claims (1)

200904236 X. Patent application scope: Light transmission 1 sheng' contains: through-base substrate; grade system, formed on the surface, "light or electric energy ίί or inorganic illuminant layer, formed on the light scattering layer table is characterized by: 'For the shot layer containing two kinds of hybrid hemp, the refractive index of #娜结剂^ is the material of the Ϊ日士2 material, the refractive index of the filler is Nfl, and the folding of the filler is 'satisfy 2' (4) The surface illuminator of the first aspect of the patent, wherein the refractive index of the light scattering layer is less than or equal to the refractive index of the light transmissive substrate. The body, wherein the light scattering layer has a turbidity [(expansion transmittance/total transmittance)><1〇〇] is in the range of 2 to 5 。. ^^ Ϊ Patent scope item 1 The surface illuminator, wherein the difference between the refractive indices Nfl and Nf2 of the two kinds of fillers is 丨Nf"_丨 is 〇5 or more. ^ As in the surface illuminant of the i-th aspect of the patent application, the 2 average particle diameters are each Range of 5~200·. Among the bamboos _6·If the surface illuminant of the first application of the patent scope is 'in the 'the two kinds of filling materials-filling The average particle diameter is different from the average particle diameter of the other filler by a factor of two or more. 7. The surface illuminant of claim 2, wherein the refractive index Nfl of the two medium-filling fillers is 1.40 or less. The surface illuminator of the ninth aspect of the invention, wherein the illuminant layer is illuminated by electro-acoustic emission, and a transparent electrode is formed on the surface of the light-scattering layer by a coating method. a surface illuminator, wherein the light scattering layer and the body layer are 'sequentially shaped' to homogenize the surface of the light scatter and the layer and the transparent electrode layer, and at least the mitigating layer and the transparent electrode The surface of the layer or the vicinity of the layer is formed with a light-scattering structure for scattering light. The surface light-emitting body of claim 9, wherein the light-scattering structure is formed in the light-reducing layer and the transparent layer. 11. The surface illuminator of claim 10, wherein the void is also formed 30 200904236 within the layer of the mitigation layer. 12. As claimed in claim 10 Illuminant, wherein the gap is straight The diameter is 5~300nm. XI. Schema: