200847510 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種燃料電池極板，特別係一種質子交換 膜燃料電池極板及使用該極板之燃料電池。 【先前技術】 近年來，燃料電池技術有了許多重大突破，其中質子 父換膜燃料電池(pr〇t〇n Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, PEMFC)受到相當大之關注，世界各國政府以及企業界無不 投入相當大之研發能量。 質子交換膜燃料電池除了具有無污染，能量轉換效率 高等一般燃料電池之優點外，更具備接近常溫操作以及啟 動迅速之特性，特別適合運輸動力，可攜式電力以及家用 發電。 構成燃料電池之關鍵元件包括電極(electr〇cje)，質子交 換膜(electrolyte membrane)與極板(polar plate)等。而極板具 有進氣導流與收集電流兩項主要功能。在極板上所加工之 各種形狀之流道之主要目的在於提供反應氣流及產物進出 燃料電池之流道。所以在一定之反應氣體供應下，如何能 夠使得電極各處均能充分獲得反應氣體，其關鍵在於流道 之設計。 圖5所示為一種習知燃料電池極板之俯視圖。該極板如 為一長方體板狀結構，該極板5〇上設有一進氣流道幻、一 出乳流道54及複數條擴散流道56。該等擴散流道56之間被 複數平行排列之壁板51間隔。該等擴散流道56之一端與該 200847510 進氣流道52連通，另一端與該出氣流道54連通。使用時， 氣飢60彳之進氣流道52經擴散流道56進行擴散流動，在擴散 流動之過程中參與燃料電池内部之電化學反應，而未參與 反應之剩餘氣體及反應之產物則傳遞至出氣流道54排出。 其中，氣流60主要藉由擴散效應進入多孔性之氣體擴散層 (圖未示)發生電化學反應。 然而，氣流60在該進氣流道52、出氣流道54及擴散流 道56内之流動基本為層流流動，難於藉由擴散效應充分地 進入氣體擴散層參與電化學反應，使得燃料電池之發電效 率不高。另外，電化學反應產生之過多水分也不能藉由出 氣流道54及時排放出來，而該等過多之水分將會聚集並堵 塞氣體擴散層内之孔隙，影響氣體之傳輸，從而進一步阻 礙電化學反應之進行。 【發明内容】 有鑒於此，有必要提供一種具有增強氣體擴散效果、 防止過多水分在氣體擴散層内聚集之燃料電池極板及使用 該極板之燃料電池。 一種燃料電池極板，該極板其中一表面上設有複數流 道，該等流道包括兩組進氣流道及一組出氣流道，該兩組 進氣流道分別位於該出氣流道兩侧，每一組進氣流道與該 出氣流道之間設有一隔板，該等隔板將進氣流道與出氣流 道分隔開來。 一種燃料電池，包括至少一極板及與該等極板相鄰之 —氣體擴散層，該極板於鄰接氣體擴散層之表面上設有複 200847510 數流道，該等流道包括兩進氣流道及一出氣流道，該兩進 氣流道分別位於该出氣流道兩侧，每一進氣流道與該出氣 流道之間設有呈蛇形彎折之一隔板。 與習知技術相比，該燃料電池藉由該等進氣流道、出 氣流道及隔板之設置，迫使極板上之氣流以強制對流方式 進入氣體擴散層，增加電化學反應之速度。同時，該強制 對流效應產生之強大之剪應力還可帶走氣體擴散層中電化 學反應產生之過多之水分，提高燃料電池之發電效率。 【實施方式】 下面茶照附圖，結合實施例作進, 圖1所示為本發明燃料電池其中一實施例之結構示意 圖。該燃料電池100包括一下極板10、一膜電極組20及一上 極板30，該膜電極組20夾設於該下極板1〇與該上極板3〇之 間。忒膜電極組2〇包括一質子交換膜21、兩催化劑層、 23及兩氣體擴散層24、25，該兩催化劑層22、⑽^爽設 於該質子交換膜21與該兩氣體擴散層24、25之間。該上極 板30與該下極板在燃料電池100中主要起導氣、導電和導 水之作用。該兩氣體擴散層24、25由多孔性材料製成。由 ^極板30和下極板職入之氣體(如氫氣或者空氣)藉由擴 散作用進人該兩氣體擴散層24、25及該兩催化劑層22、^， 分別參與Μ料電細〇之電化學反應。該下極_及上極 板30可由導電金屬製成’例如銅金屬；亦可由導電性非金 屬製成，例如石墨。 “ 長方體板狀結構， 凊參照圖1至圖3，該下極板為一 200847510 其上設有兩組進氣流道12、14及一組出氣流道16。該出氣 流道16位於該下極板1〇之中央，該兩進氣流道12、14分別 位於該出氣流道16之兩侧。該兩進氣流道12、14與該出氣 流道16之間分別設有一隔板11，該兩隔板^分別將進氣流 道12、14與出氣流道16分隔開來。該兩隔板11均為蛇形彎 折結構(如圖2及圖3所示）。每一隔板11在各個彎折處形成一 擋止部112,該擋止部112為平板狀結構。該兩進氣流道12、 14之進氣口121、141位於該下極板1〇之同一側。該出氣流 道16設有一出氣口 161，該出氣口 161位於與進氣口 121、141 相對之另一側。該上極板3〇上之流道結構與該下極板1〇相 同。 圖1所示燃料電池100僅為單體結構，為獲得足夠之發 電功率，可以將多個電池單體串聯起來，以形成電池組。 其中，相鄰之兩個電池單體可以共用一個極板。因此，該 下極板10或上極板3〇相對之另一表面上也可設有與上述進 氣流道12、14及出氣流道16結構相同之流道，從而構成一 雙極板。 請參照圖1及圖3,使用時，對下極板10而言，氣流4〇(如 氫氣或者空氣)藉由進氣口 121、141分別進入該下極板1〇之 進氣流道12、14。當氣流4G在上游時，其主要藉由擴散效 應而進入氣體擴散層25參與燃料電池100内之電化學反 應。當氣流40流至擋止部112處時，其被擋止部112所阻擋， 該擔止部m迫錢流魏強賴財式進人氣體擴散田層 25。進入氣體擴散層25之氣流4〇會尋求最短路徑越過隔板 200847510 11進入出氣流道16中，於是就產生一強制對流效應。該強 制對流效應可使更多之氣流40進入氣體擴散層25，增加電 化學反應之速度，提高該燃料電池1〇〇之發電效率。同時， 該強制對流效應可產生強大之剪應力以帶走氣體擴散層25 中電化學反應產生之過多水分。另外，當氣流4〇進入出氣 流道16内時，出氣流道16依然可以繼續為氣流40提供擴散 效應，直至氣流40藉由出氣口 161離開下極板1〇，使得氣流 40可以更加均勻地進入氣體擴散層25。 請參照圖4，其所示為本發明第二實施例之俯視圖，其 與弟一實施例之不同之處在於，該兩進氣流道12、14之進 氣口 121、141a分別位於該下極板i〇a之對角處。由於進氣 口 121、141a處氣流40之流速較高，相應擴散效應、強制對 流效應也較強，藉由將進氣口121、141a設置與該下極板i〇a 之對角處，可以使得進入氣體擴散層25之氣流40之分佈更 加均勻，提高燃料電池1〇〇内電化學反應之速度，進而提高 整體之發電效率。 由上述可知，藉由該隔板11之設置，對行進中之氣流 40產生阻擋作用，使得氣流40在進氣流道12、14與出氣流 道16之間以強制對流方式進入氣體擴散層25，產生強制對 流效應。該強制對流效應可使更多之氣流4〇進入氣體擴散 層25，並產生強大之剪應力以帶走氣體擴散層25中電化學 反應產生之過多水分。 藉由該兩進氣流道12、14與該位於中央之出氣流道16 之設置’相對於習知單進氣流道之設計而言，可使更多之 200847510 氣流40經強制對流進入氣體擴散層25。由於進氣口 121、141 處之氣流40比較容易進入氣體擴散層25，故進氣流道12、 14之设4相比傳統早進氣流道而言，可使氣流4〇以更均勻 之方式進入氣體擴散層25參與電化學反應。 另外’藉由該兩進氣流道12、14及該出氣流道16之設 計，相對習知技術有效縮短進氣氣流4〇之流動路徑，有效 地減少附面層之遮罩作用，從而提高電化學反應速度，提 高燃料電池之發電效率。200847510 IX. Description of the Invention: The present invention relates to a fuel cell plate, and more particularly to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell plate and a fuel cell using the same. [Prior Art] In recent years, there have been many major breakthroughs in fuel cell technology, among which the pro-family replacement membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has received considerable attention, and governments and business circles all over the world are all concerned. A considerable amount of research and development energy is invested. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells are not only polluting, but also have the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency. They are also close to normal temperature operation and quick start-up. They are especially suitable for transportation power, portable power and household power generation. The key components constituting the fuel cell include an electrode (electrolyte membrane) and a polar plate. The plate has two main functions: intake air flow and current collection. The main purpose of the various shaped flow channels processed on the plates is to provide a flow of reactants and products into and out of the fuel cell. Therefore, under a certain supply of reaction gas, how to make the reaction gas fully available in all parts of the electrode is the design of the flow channel. Figure 5 shows a top view of a conventional fuel cell plate. The plate is a rectangular parallelepiped plate structure, and the plate 5 is provided with an intake flow path, a milk flow path 54 and a plurality of diffusion channels 56. The diffusion channels 56 are spaced apart by a plurality of parallel-arranged wall plates 51. One end of the diffusion channels 56 is in communication with the 200847510 inlet air passage 52, and the other end is in communication with the outlet air passage 54. In use, the intake passage 52 of the gas hunger is diffused and flows through the diffusion channel 56, and participates in the electrochemical reaction inside the fuel cell during the diffusion flow, and the residual gas and the reaction product not involved in the reaction are transmitted. It is discharged to the air flow path 54. Among them, the gas stream 60 mainly undergoes an electrochemical reaction by entering a porous gas diffusion layer (not shown) by a diffusion effect. However, the flow of the gas stream 60 in the inlet flow passage 52, the outlet flow passage 54 and the diffusion passage 56 is substantially laminar flow, and it is difficult to sufficiently enter the gas diffusion layer to participate in the electrochemical reaction by the diffusion effect, so that the fuel cell Power generation efficiency is not high. In addition, excessive moisture generated by the electrochemical reaction cannot be discharged in time through the gas flow passage 54, and the excessive moisture will accumulate and block the pores in the gas diffusion layer, affecting the gas transport, thereby further hindering the electrochemical reaction. Go on. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a fuel cell plate having a gas diffusion enhancing effect and preventing excessive moisture from collecting in a gas diffusion layer, and a fuel cell using the same. A fuel cell plate having a plurality of flow channels on one surface thereof, the flow channels comprising two sets of intake flow channels and a set of outlet air flow channels, wherein the two sets of intake flow channels are respectively located in the air flow path On both sides, a partition is arranged between each set of intake flow passages and the outlet air passage, and the partitions separate the intake flow passage from the outlet air passage. A fuel cell comprising at least one plate and a gas diffusion layer adjacent to the plates, the plate being provided with a plurality of 200847510 number flow channels on a surface adjacent to the gas diffusion layer, the flow paths including two intake ports The flow path and an air flow path are respectively located on two sides of the air flow path, and a partition plate is formed in a serpentine shape between each of the air flow path and the air flow path. Compared with the prior art, the fuel cell forces the gas flow on the plate to enter the gas diffusion layer by forced convection by the arrangement of the inlet flow path, the outlet flow path and the partition, thereby increasing the speed of the electrochemical reaction. At the same time, the strong shear stress generated by the forced convection effect can also take away excess water generated by the electrochemical reaction in the gas diffusion layer and improve the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell. [Embodiment] The following is a schematic view of a fuel cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The fuel cell 100 includes a lower electrode plate 10, a membrane electrode assembly 20, and an upper electrode plate 30. The membrane electrode assembly 20 is interposed between the lower electrode plate 1 and the upper electrode plate 3'. The ruthenium membrane electrode group 2 includes a proton exchange membrane 21, two catalyst layers, 23 and two gas diffusion layers 24, 25. The two catalyst layers 22, (10) are disposed on the proton exchange membrane 21 and the two gas diffusion layers 24 Between 25 and 25. The upper plate 30 and the lower plate mainly function as a gas guide, a conductive, and a water guide in the fuel cell 100. The two gas diffusion layers 24, 25 are made of a porous material. The gas (such as hydrogen or air) occupied by the electrode plate 30 and the lower plate enters the two gas diffusion layers 24, 25 and the two catalyst layers 22, ^ by diffusion, respectively, and participates in the electric charge Electrochemical reaction. The lower pole and upper plate 30 may be made of a conductive metal such as copper metal; or may be made of a conductive non-metal such as graphite. "Cuboidal plate-like structure, 凊 Referring to Figures 1 to 3, the lower plate is a 200847510 having two sets of intake runners 12, 14 and a set of outlet passages 16. The outlet passage 16 is located below The two inlet air passages 12 and 14 are respectively located at two sides of the air outlet passage 16. The two inlet air passages 12, 14 and the air outlet passage 16 are respectively provided with a partition 11 The two partitions respectively separate the inlet flow passages 12, 14 from the outlet air passages 16. The two partition plates 11 are all serpentine bent structures (as shown in Figures 2 and 3). The baffle 11 defines a stop portion 112 at each of the bends, and the stop portion 112 has a flat plate structure. The intake ports 121 and 141 of the two intake flow passages 12 and 14 are located in the same shape of the lower plate 1 The outlet air passage 16 is provided with an air outlet 161 which is located on the opposite side from the air inlets 121, 141. The flow passage structure on the upper plate 3 is the same as the lower plate 1 The fuel cell 100 shown in FIG. 1 is only a single structure, and in order to obtain sufficient power generation, a plurality of battery cells can be connected in series to form a battery pack. The pool cells can share one plate. Therefore, the lower plate 10 or the upper plate 3 can be provided with the same structure as the inlet passages 12, 14 and the outlet passage 16 on the other surface. In order to form a bipolar plate, please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 3. In use, for the lower plate 10, airflow 4 (such as hydrogen or air) enters the lower pole through the air inlets 121 and 141, respectively. The inlet passages 12, 14 of the plate 1 . When the gas stream 4G is upstream, it enters the gas diffusion layer 25 mainly by the diffusion effect to participate in the electrochemical reaction in the fuel cell 100. When the gas stream 40 flows to the stopper 112 At the time, it is blocked by the blocking portion 112, and the supporting portion m is forced to flow into the gas diffusion field layer 25. The gas entering the gas diffusion layer 25 will seek the shortest path to pass the partition 200847510. 11 enters the airflow path 16, thus creating a forced convection effect. This forced convection effect allows more airflow 40 to enter the gas diffusion layer 25, increasing the speed of the electrochemical reaction and increasing the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell. At the same time, the forced convection effect produces strong shear stress. Excessive moisture generated by the electrochemical reaction in the gas diffusion layer 25 is removed. In addition, when the gas stream 4 〇 enters the gas flow path 16, the gas flow path 16 can continue to provide a diffusion effect to the gas flow 40 until the gas flow 40 passes through the gas outlet The 161 leaves the lower plate 1〇, so that the airflow 40 can enter the gas diffusion layer 25 more uniformly. Referring to FIG. 4, there is shown a top view of a second embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that The air inlets 121, 141a of the two intake air passages 12, 14 are respectively located at opposite corners of the lower plate i 〇 a. Since the flow velocity of the air flow 40 at the air inlets 121, 141a is relatively high, the corresponding diffusion effect, The forced convection effect is also strong. By arranging the air inlets 121, 141a at opposite corners of the lower plate i 〇 a, the distribution of the air flow 40 entering the gas diffusion layer 25 can be made more uniform, and the fuel cell 1 提高 can be improved. The speed of the electrochemical reaction in the crucible increases the overall power generation efficiency. As can be seen from the above, by the arrangement of the partition 11, the traveling airflow 40 is blocked, so that the airflow 40 enters the gas diffusion layer 25 in the forced convection between the intake runners 12, 14 and the outlet airflow passage 16. , creating a forced convection effect. This forced convection effect allows more of the gas stream to enter the gas diffusion layer 25 and generate a strong shear stress to remove excess moisture from the electrochemical reaction in the gas diffusion layer 25. By the arrangement of the two inlet flow passages 12, 14 and the central outlet airflow passage 16 with respect to the design of the conventional single intake air passage, more 200847510 airflow 40 can be forcedly convected into the gas. Diffusion layer 25. Since the airflow 40 at the air inlets 121, 141 is relatively easy to enter the gas diffusion layer 25, the arrangement of the inlet flow passages 12, 14 can make the airflow 4 更 more uniform than the conventional early intake airflow passage. The mode enters the gas diffusion layer 25 to participate in the electrochemical reaction. In addition, by the design of the two intake air passages 12, 14 and the air outlet passage 16, the flow path of the intake air flow is effectively shortened compared with the prior art, thereby effectively reducing the masking effect of the boundary layer, thereby improving The electrochemical reaction rate increases the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.
綜上所述，本發明符合發明專利要件，爰依法提 出專利帽。$，以上所述者僅為本發明之較佳實施 例’舉凡熟悉本案技藝之人士，在綠本發明精神所 作之等效修飾或變化’皆應涵蓋於以下之申請專利範 圍内。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1為本發明燃料電池第-實施例之結構示意圖。 圖2為圖1所示燃料電池中極板之立體圖。 圖3為圖1所示燃料電池中極板之俯視圖。 明燃料電池恤板第二實施例之俯視圖 圖5為省知燃料電財極板之俯視圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 <本發明> 燃料電池 隔板 100 下極板 擋止部 10、10a 112 11 200847510 進氣流道 出氣流道 膜電極組 催化劑層 上極板 〈習知技術〉 極板 進氣流道 擴散流道 12、14 進氣口 121 、 141 、 141a 16 出氣口 161 20 質子交換膜 21 22、23 氣體擴散層 24、25 30 氣流 40 50 壁板 51 52 出氣流道 54 56 氣流 60 11In summary, the present invention complies with the requirements of the invention patent, and proposes a patent cap according to law. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will be able to cover the equivalents of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a perspective view of a plate in the fuel cell of FIG. 1. 3 is a top plan view of a plate in the fuel cell of FIG. 1. A top view of a second embodiment of a fuel cell sheet is shown in Fig. 5 as a plan view of a fuel cell panel. [Explanation of main component symbols] <Invention> Fuel cell separator 100 Lower plate stopper 10, 10a 112 11 200847510 Inlet airflow path film electrode group catalyst layer upper plate <Priority technology> Pole Plate inlet flow path diffusion channels 12, 14 inlet ports 121, 141, 141a 16 gas outlets 161 20 proton exchange membranes 21 22, 23 gas diffusion layers 24, 25 30 gas flow 40 50 wall plates 51 52 outlet gas channels 54 56 Airflow 60 11