TW200839154A - Fire detecting apparatus - Google Patents
Fire detecting apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- TW200839154A TW200839154A TW096146332A TW96146332A TW200839154A TW 200839154 A TW200839154 A TW 200839154A TW 096146332 A TW096146332 A TW 096146332A TW 96146332 A TW96146332 A TW 96146332A TW 200839154 A TW200839154 A TW 200839154A
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- semiconductor light
- receiving element
- flame
- light receiving
- resistor
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
- F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
- F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
- F23N2229/04—Flame sensors sensitive to the colour of flames
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
Description
200839154 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是有關於一種使用光電二極體等半導體光接收 元件作為檢測火焰發出的可見光的光接收單元的火焰檢測 裝置。 【先前技術】 檢測煤氣燃燒器（gas burner )、燃油器（oil burner ) 等的火焰來用於其燃燒（點火）控制的火焰檢測裝置包括 感測器頭和檢測裝置主體，該感測器頭例如裝有檢測火焰 發出的可見光的光接收單元，該檢測裝置主體經電纜向上 述光接收單元提供其驅動電壓，並經上述電纜檢測上述光 接收單元的火焰檢測信號來判斷有無火焰（例如參照專利 文獻卜2)。 另外，燃油器例如圖4所示那樣，在送風機1的送風 口（喷射管）内設置燃料噴嘴2，並接近上述燃料喷嘴2 的喷嘴口而設置點火電極3。在用於檢測這種燃油器的火 焰以控制其燃燒的火焰檢測裝置中的感測器頭4例如被設 置成：位於上述燃料喷嘴2的後方，用於檢測形成於該燃 料喷嘴2的喷嘴口的火焰發出的可見光。另外，作為裝到 感測器頭4中的光接收單元，以往主要採用CdS單元。 如圖5中點火控制時序所示，燃油器的燃燒控制如下： 接受燃燒器的啟動指令，首先使送風機1工作，然後使點 火變壓器工作而使點火電極3產生火花，在火花穩定的狀 態下打開燃料閥，從而將從上述燃料喷嘴2喷出的燃料點 6 200839154 著。然後，在由上述火焰檢測裝置檢測到燃料燃燒產生的 =11止上述點火變㈣的工作，從而完成該點火控 制（例如翏照專利文獻3)。 專利文獻1 :日本專利早期公開公報的特開 一 261443號公報 曰本專利第3255442號公報。 曰本專利早期公開公報的特開平6. 專利文獻2 專利文獻3 288541號公報< 【發明内容】 近年來，由於 RoHS ( Restriction 〇f Hazard〇us Substances ;關於危險物質的限制）指示等化學物質限制，[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a flame detecting device using a semiconductor light receiving element such as a photodiode as a light receiving unit for detecting visible light emitted from a flame. [Prior Art] A flame detecting device that detects a flame of a gas burner, an oil burner, or the like for its combustion (ignition) control includes a sensor head and a detecting device body, and the sensor head For example, a light receiving unit that detects visible light emitted by a flame, the detecting device main body supplies a driving voltage to the light receiving unit via a cable, and detects a flame detecting signal of the light receiving unit via the cable to determine whether or not a flame is present (for example, refer to a patent) Literature 2). Further, as shown in Fig. 4, the fuel oil device is provided with a fuel nozzle 2 in a blower (injection pipe) of the blower 1, and is provided close to the nozzle opening of the fuel nozzle 2 to provide the ignition electrode 3. The sensor head 4 in the flame detecting device for detecting the flame of such a fuel oil to control its combustion is, for example, disposed to be located behind the fuel nozzle 2 for detecting a nozzle opening formed in the fuel nozzle 2. The flame emits visible light. Further, as the light receiving unit incorporated in the sensor head 4, a CdS unit has been mainly used in the past. As shown in the ignition control timing in Fig. 5, the combustion control of the fuel burner is as follows: Accepting the start command of the burner, firstly operating the blower 1, and then operating the ignition transformer to cause the ignition electrode 3 to generate a spark and open in a state where the spark is stable. The fuel valve is such that the fuel point 6 200839154 ejected from the fuel nozzle 2 described above. Then, the above-described ignition change (4) is detected by the above-described flame detecting means detecting that the fuel combustion is generated, and the ignition control is completed (for example, Patent Document 3). Patent Document 1: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. Hei. No. JP-A No. 288541. [Invention] In recent years, chemical substances such as RoHS (Restriction 〇f Hazard〇us Substances) limit,
Cd (，—）的使用χ到限制。因此，最近嘗試取代以往的The use of Cd (,-) is limited. Therefore, I have recently tried to replace the previous ones.
CdS早TL，而制光電二極體料導體光接收元件作為火 焰檢測裝㈣光接收單元。但是，⑽單元是無極性的， 而Si光私―極體等半導體光接收元件是有極性的，需要相 對於驅動電雜正極、貞極正秋連接。卩外，在將半導 體光接收元件反接時，料特光接收元件的工作不穩 疋而且其輻出仏號本身不確定。因此，可靠地檢測半導 脱光接收元件的反接、防止因反接而引發的問題變得尤為 重要。 >半$體光接收元件具有如下特性：對光的檢測靈敏度 冋’且對X光強度的電流輪出雖呈線性，在黑暗（無火 焰）狀態下其輸出電流極小，僅為數“左右。因此，存 在這樣_題：岐正麵接了半導體光接收元件 200839154 在半V體光接收元件發生短路故障時由於不能得到火焰檢 測信號而無法判斷出得不到火焰檢測信號的原因是由於處 於黑暗（热火焰）狀態還是由於發生短路故障。 騎上關題的存在，本發_目的在於提供-種姓 構簡單的火焰檢測裝置，其採用光f二極體等半導體光接 收元件作為光接收單元，尤其是能夠可靠地檢測半導體光 η ΪΪΓΓ的反接、防姻反接引起_題，還具有檢測半 ¥肢光接收元件的短路故障的功能。 為了達到上述目的，本發明的火焰檢測裝置具 彳裝置主體，該半導體光接收:件檢測 出的可見光，該檢職置主體經電㈣上述 導提::驅動電壓，並經上述電欖檢測由上述半 且ΐ1/於兀牛仏測到的火焰檢測信號來判斷有無火焰， 間特別在上述半導體光接收元件與上述電、纜之 人防止反接用二極體，並且在上述檢^ =设定用於觸有無上述火焰的第一閥值之外，二： 半導體光餘元件祕路㈣難㈣斷上述 触另卜作為上述半導體光接收元件，優選使用你丨‘ 的元件。串聯極體的輸出放大的放大器 一干 ％連接後再與驅動電源連接的第一電ρ且哭4斤 述第一電阻器或上述第二電阻器的; 過::述第===連射上述半導體光接收元件，通 如Π上述第—電阻器對電源電壓進行電阻 200839154 分壓，生成上述半導體光接收元件的驅動電壓，並判斷在 上述第一電阻器和上述第二電阻器的連接點產生的電壓以 判斷有無火焰。 採用如此構成的火焰檢測裝置，由於在上述半導體光 接收7C件與上述電纜之間串聯插入防止反接用二極體，因 即使將半導體光接收元件反翻檢測裝置主體（驅動 電源）上、，也能夠可靠地保護該半導體光接收元件，還能 體光接收元件的不穩定工作。對上述檢^置 Ί 5又疋用於判斷有無上述火焰的第一閥值之外，還役定 述半導體光接收元件的反接㈣二閥‘用於 第二^ ϊ料接收71件的短路的第三闕值’通過比較 接：二的與檢測電屢’能夠分別判斷半導體光 態，因此，、^该半導體光接收元件的短路故障狀 此岣取得消除了在未檢測到來自半導體光接# 果。各檢測信號的狀態下將其誤判為“無火焰，，等的效 易懂他目的、特徵和優點能更明顯 明如下。牛車乂4貝施例，亚配合所附圖式，作詳細說 【實施方式】 裝置以下’參照附圖說明本發明—個實施方式的火焰檢測 構成:在^ t _ ί的以_裝置的主要部分的概略 ，1〇是安裝作為檢測火焰發出的可見光的 200839154 導===;電二極體川 件η提供其驅動‘ 向上述半導體光接收元 m- i 亚經上述電纜3〇檢測上述半導㉟ 11 連接固置:;:2= Ο ί; 侧的第二固定電 ，口疋电阻22 ’例如在接地 收元件η与連接間，缓30與半導體光接 阻22具有將命 处弟固疋電阻21和第二固定電The CdS is early TL, and the photodiode material conductor light receiving element is used as a flame detecting device (4) light receiving unit. However, (10) the unit is non-polar, and the semiconductor light-receiving elements such as the Si-light private-pole are polar, and it is necessary to connect the positive electrode and the positive electrode in the positive phase. In addition, when the semiconductor light-receiving element is reversed, the operation of the light-receiving element is unstable and the enthalpy of the radiation itself is uncertain. Therefore, it is particularly important to reliably detect the reverse connection of the semiconductor light-receiving receiving element and prevent the problem caused by the reverse connection. > The half-body light-receiving element has the following characteristics: the detection sensitivity to light 冋' and the linearity of the current for the X-ray intensity is linear, and the output current is extremely small in the dark (no flame) state, which is only a few "about. Therefore, there is such a problem that the semiconductor light receiving element 200839154 is connected to the front side. When the short-circuit failure of the half-V body light receiving element occurs, the flame detection signal cannot be obtained because the flame detection signal cannot be obtained. The (hot flame) state is still due to a short-circuit fault. The present invention is to provide a simple flame detecting device of a caste type, which uses a semiconductor light receiving element such as an optical f-diode as a light receiving unit. In particular, it is possible to reliably detect the reverse connection of the semiconductor light η 、, the anti-marriage reverse connection problem, and the function of detecting the short-circuit failure of the half-limb light-receiving element. To achieve the above object, the flame detecting device of the present invention has The main body of the device receives the visible light detected by the component, and the main body of the inspection device is powered by (4): And detecting the presence or absence of a flame by the above-described flame detection signal measured by the above-mentioned half and ΐ1/1 yak ,, particularly in the above-mentioned semiconductor light-receiving element and the above-mentioned electric and cable person preventing reverse connection diode And in the above-mentioned test, the first threshold value for setting the presence or absence of the flame is set, and the second: the semiconductor light-retaining element is secret (4) difficult (four) is broken as the semiconductor light-receiving element, preferably using the 阀The component of the series pole of the output amplifier is connected to the first power ρ connected to the driving power supply and the second resistor is said to be the first resistor or the second resistor; = the above-mentioned semiconductor light-receiving element is connected, and the voltage is applied to the power supply voltage by a voltage of 200839154, and the driving voltage of the semiconductor light-receiving element is generated, and the first resistor and the second resistor are determined. The voltage generated by the connection point is used to determine whether or not there is a flame. With the flame detecting device thus constructed, the semiconductor light receiving 7C member and the cable are inserted in series to prevent reverse connection. In the polar body, even if the semiconductor light receiving element is turned over on the detecting device main body (driving power source), the semiconductor light receiving element can be reliably protected, and the unstable operation of the bulk light receiving element can be performed. 5 疋 疋 疋 疋 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 判断 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体 半导体By comparing the two: and the detection of the electric relay, the semiconductor optical state can be separately determined. Therefore, the short-circuit failure of the semiconductor light-receiving element is eliminated. The detection of the semiconductor light is not detected. In the state of the state, it is mistakenly judged as "no flame, etc.", the purpose, characteristics and advantages can be more clearly as follows. Example of the ox 乂 乂 贝 , , , , , , , 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 亚 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰 火焰Part of the outline, 1〇 is installed as the detection of the visible light emitted by the flame 200839154 ===; the electric diode η provides its drive 'to the above semiconductor light receiving element m-i sub-the above cable 3 〇 detection of the above half Guide 35 11 connection fixed:;: 2 = Ο ί; the second fixed electric power on the side, the port resistance 22 ', for example, between the ground receiving element η and the connection, the slow 30 and the semiconductor optical resistance 22 have a life-saving疋 resistance 21 and second fixed electricity
Vd的作用，迷土 電瘦30輪出該驅動電壓 還具有如後述那樣=二=:第:固定㈣ 版22的連接；第一固定電阻21與第二固定電 光接收元件t 電屢發生變化的作用。換言之，半導體 接。並且半與上述第二固定電阻^並聯連 輪出火焰檢^接受火焰發出的可見光， 固定電阻21、^ '據與之相伴的阻抗的變化使上述 、、2的連接點處的電壓發生變化。 號)光接收元件11的輸出（火焰檢測信 算機構成，被構成的火焰檢測部23例如由微型計 處所產生的電壓織：：j，固定電阻21、22的連接點 件11的火焰二二/1斷是否存在上述半導體光接收元 双5虎。尤其是，.該火焰檢測部23被構成 10 200839154 為通過將耻衫的 21、22的連接點處產生的=轉雜與在上述固定電阻 在火培檢測的控制物件于比較來檢測有無火培。 2〇上設有根據有無火焰來控::油器時’在上述檢測裝置 壓器（點火電極）^ 工、油器的送風機31、點火變 的燃燒控制裝置24 ‘然料閥（燃料喷嘴）33的各動作 Ο 以作為上述構歧焰檢^^，健燒控職置Μ也可 分功能來得到實現。 的彳放型電腦所具有的一部 *電tiit:檢導體光接收元件、例如Si 的火焰檢測裝置中了本發^出的可見光的光接收元件 施方式那樣，在感測器頭 糊裳有暗電流加法電路12和=::體， 與上述Si光電二極體u串 ^:路13，亚插入了 作為上述&光電-二防止反接用二極體… 電二極體11上的是採用在光 可以是負盡φρθ11 ^先1C的例子。但當然也 裝到光電】: 上述Si ；； 述暗電流加法電路12例如由盘 波電路接的固定電阻構成。上述遽 源低通濾波哭3b、13e組合而成的無 的火蹈i測作延13具有使光電二極體11 防止由f V遲述魏3Q的仙，並具有 防止由於豐加在上述電纜30上的雜 有 200839154 極體H的誤動作，的功能，即具有除去雜訊功能。 單元的车、》百先明上述暗電流加法電路12。用作光接收 Cds箪—=版光接收70件（光電二極體）11與以往普通的 特性比，其回應速度快數货秒，並且具有如圖2中 火焰）時，I幹出干低時，尤其是在黑暗（無 焰發出的可見非吊小，僅為數nA左右，接受火 在-般的^^=光強度增大，隨之輸出電流增大。 差方面以中，這樣的輸出電流特性在降低測量誤 的二;==生i味著黑暗(無咖 電缓30將上述半導體^極:11的阻抗極高。在經 在檢測器主體20上的件（光電二極體）11連接 收元件（光電二極體)、，、;=火焰檢測裝置令，半導體光接 (佈線）容易受到雜$的_几較局時’電繞30的走線 導體光接收元件（光1_影響，會造成誤檢測。即，在半 暗狀態），僅由於*加:^體）11的阻抗較高的狀態（黑 該電纜30檢測的：诚丰：纜30爾小雜訊就會使通過 的輸出發生較大變動7體光接收科（光電二極體）11 收元件（光電二極體）m，广上所述，上述半導體光接 變壓器（點火電極）32笼本身多配置在送風機31或點火 因此，在該火焰檢訊發生源的附近。 電二極體)11的跟前連4::== 12 200839154 極體）u並聯的固定電阻，意圖降低在從檢測裝置主 侧經電30觀察上述半導體光接收元件（光電二極體 時的黑暗狀態下的阻抗，由此使該半導體光接收元 電二極體）U難以受到外來雜訊的影響。具體而言， i所不在半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）η的附近： ^亥半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）u並聯連接作 %流加法電路定電阻，在此 ^ =光接收元件(光電二極體)u連接二= ]這彳$纟由於與半導體光接收元件（光電二極體） =連接的，電阻，在半導體光接收元件(光電:極 奴）的阻抗同於5亥固定電阻的電阻值時，在铖電續3〇 對半導體光接收元件（光雷二在、、工电繞30 時，電漭主要、士；卜 '十η 極脰 驅動電壓Vd 吹元件（光電二極體Γιι 阻。減’隨著半導體光接 輪電二極體”二導體光接收元 士 氓电流^加。於疋，即使在垔暗 的輸出電流特性靖，經電_ Α經魏Μ觀察上述半導體 兀"包—極體）u時的暗電流。如上所述，盥 ii祕耻該半導體光接收元件（光電二極體） 、暗時半導體光接收元件（光電 〜極體）11的阻抗的作用。 其結果’即使在黑暗時，也能夠將半導體光接收元件 200839154 在對上 的誤檢測。 ㈣心彳彻料顺入軸而發生 也可以取代上述固定電阻，按The function of Vd, the driving voltage of the 30th turn of the soil is also as follows: = two =: the first: fixed (four) version 22 connection; the first fixed resistor 21 and the second fixed electro-optical receiving element t repeatedly change effect. In other words, the semiconductor is connected. And a half of the second fixed resistor is connected in parallel with the flame to detect the visible light emitted by the flame, and the fixed resistance 21, ^' is accompanied by a change in the impedance to change the voltage at the connection point of the above, 2, and 2. No.) The output of the light-receiving element 11 (the flame detecting computer is configured, the flame detecting unit 23 configured, for example, the voltage woven by the micro-meter::j, the flame of the connecting point 11 of the fixed resistors 21, 22 /1 is the presence or absence of the above-mentioned semiconductor light receiving element double 5 tiger. In particular, the flame detecting portion 23 is constituted by 10 200839154 for the purpose of turning the mismatch generated at the connection point of the 21, 22 of the shame shirt with the above fixed resistor The control object detected by the fire culture is compared to detect the presence or absence of fire. 2〇 is provided according to the presence or absence of the flame: when the oil is used, 'the above-mentioned detection device press (ignition electrode) ^ the blower 31 of the oil and oil, The ignition control device 24 'the operation of the fuel valve 33 (the fuel nozzle) 33 is realized as the above-mentioned configuration flame detection, and the health control position can be divided into functions. Having a *electric tiit: detecting a conductor light receiving element, for example, a flame detecting device of Si, in the light receiving element of the present invention, a dark current adding circuit 12 is provided in the sensor head =:: body, with the above Si photoelectric Polar body u string ^: Road 13, sub-inserted as the above & opto-second anti-reverse diode for use... The electric diode 11 is used in the case where the light can be negative φρθ11 ^ first 1C. Of course, it is also installed in the photoelectric system: the above-mentioned Si; the dark current adding circuit 12 is composed of a fixed resistor connected to the disk circuit, for example, the above-mentioned source low-pass filter crying 3b, 13e combination of the no-fire test 13 has the function of preventing the photodiode 11 from being delayed by the Wei 3Q from f V , and has a function of preventing the malfunction of the 200839154 polar body H due to the abundance of the cable 30, that is, the function of removing noise. The unit of the car, "Bai Xianming, the above dark current adding circuit 12. Used as a light receiving Cds 箪 - = plate light receiving 70 pieces (photodiode) 11 compared with the conventional characteristics, the response speed is several seconds, And when there is a flame as shown in Fig. 2, I dry out when the dry is low, especially in the dark (the visible non-hanging is small, only a few nA, receiving fire in the general ^^= light intensity increases, The output current increases accordingly. In the case of difference, such output current characteristics are degraded. The second error is wrong; == raw i taste dark (no coffee power 30 will be the above semiconductor electrode: 11 impedance is extremely high. The component (photodiode) 11 connected to the detector body 20 is connected to the receiving component (photodiode), ,,; = flame detection device, semiconductor optical connection (wiring) is susceptible to miscellaneous $ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Causes false detection. That is, in the semi-dark state), only due to the *plus: ^ body) 11 high impedance state (black cable 30 detected: Cheng Feng: cable 30 hr small noise will make the output through Large variation occurs 7 body light receiving section (photodiode) 11 receiving element (photodiode) m, as described above, the above-mentioned semiconductor optical junction transformer (ignition electrode) 32 cage itself is often arranged in the blower 31 or ignition Therefore, in the vicinity of the source of the flame detection. 4::== 12 200839154 polar body) u parallel fixed resistor, intended to reduce the darkness of the above-mentioned semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) when viewed from the main side of the detecting device via electricity 30 The impedance in the state, thereby making the semiconductor light-receiving element diode U difficult to be affected by external noise. Specifically, i is not in the vicinity of the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) η: the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) u is connected in parallel as a constant current of the current-adding circuit, where the light is received. The component (photodiode) u is connected to the second =] 彳$纟 is connected to the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode), and the resistance is the same as that of the semiconductor light-receiving element (photoelectric: very slave). When the resistance value of the fixed resistor is fixed, the semiconductor light-receiving element is continued for 3 〇. (When the light-ray is in the second, the power is wound around 30, the electric 漭 is mainly, and the ' 十 η 脰 脰 driving voltage Vd blowing element ( Photoelectric diode Γιι resistance. Reduced 'with semiconductor light-connected electric diodes' two-conductor light receiving Yuan Shi 氓 current ^ plus. Yu 疋, even in the dark output current characteristics Jing, Jing _ Α 魏 Wei Μ Observing the dark current when the above semiconductor 兀 "package-pole body u. As described above, 盥 ii secretly the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode), dark-time semiconductor light-receiving element (photo-electrode) The effect of the impedance of 11. The result 'even in the dark , It is possible to detect erroneous 200839154 semiconductor light receiving element in the pair. Toru iv core material left foot along the shaft may occur instead of the fixed resistors by
;=12，即體光接收元件口 放大:1 大器1 lb的增益，從而使黑暗時的 攻大lib的幸别出增大。在該情況下，例如 :光接收元件(光電二極體)η的輸出而改變放;= =壓，由此，使其電流輸出特性（增益）發生變化^ 或者’也可以在使賴處理料A/D轉難將 文元件（光電二極體）u的輸出進行數位轉換後，經電^ 0傳送其數位號時，依據上述半導體光接收元件恭 —極脰）11的輪出來使A/D轉換特性自身可變。 一 .但是，即使如上述那樣通過在半導體光接收元件（光 電二極體）11的輸出中加上暗電流成分來實施防止其誤檢 _的對策，在電纜30上也會重疊有外來雜訊。而且，半導 體光接收元件（光電二極體）11抵抗外來雜訊的能力弱、， 由於該外來雜訊，容易引起半導體光接收元件（光電二極 體）11自身的閉鎖（latch up)等誤動作。 因此，在該火焰檢測裝置中，在半導體光接收元件（光 電二極體）n的附近設置濾波電路13，來避免上述半導體 光接收元件（光電二極體）Π受到經電纜30所施加的$ 14 200839154 來雜訊的影響、防止上述半導體光接收元件（光電二極體） 11的鎖定等誤動作。同時，通過上述濾波電路13使從半 導體光接收元件（光電二極體）11經電纜30所輸出的火 焰檢測信號延遲，由此，除去丁由於火焰的晃動等引起半 導體光接收元件（光電二極體）11非本意的回應成分。即， 如上所述，半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）Π的回應特 性與以往的CdS單元相比是非常快的，僅是其可見光的強 度因火焰的晃動而稱有變動，就會靈敏地回應其受光強度 的變化。因此，即使僅是半導體光接收元件（光電二極體） 11的輸出（火焰檢測信號）因微小的火焰晃動而降低，也 可能誤將其檢測為消焰。 為了防止這樣的問題，如上所述，在該火焰檢測裝置 中’在半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）11的跟前設置滤 波電路13，從而使快速響應的上述半導體光接收元件（光 電二極體）11的輸出（火焰檢測信號）延遲，由此，使火 焰檢測信號的回應波形平緩後，輸出到電纜30。換言之， 通過濾波電路13，使半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）11 的表觀上的回應特性延遲。由上述濾波電路13，除去從上 述點火變壓器等雜訊發生源重疊於上述電纜30的火花雜 訊等外來雜訊，使上述半導體光接收元件（光電二極體） 11的工作穩定。 其結果，在檢測裝置主體20侧，可不受火焰晃動影響 地檢測在工作穩定狀況下的半導體光接收元件（光電二極 體）Π的輸出（火焰檢測信號）變化作為遲緩的回應信號， 15 200839154 口此' 可％疋地進行火焰檢測。尤其是將濾波電路13設置 =半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）U的附近，從而能夠 實現防止㈣料致半導體光接收it件（光電二極體）u 發生誤動刺舰、並實麵轉體输收齡（光電二 極體）Π的回應性的改善。 〇 上述的感測器頭1〇、即半導體光接收元件（光電二極 體）11和檢測裝置主體2〇是僅經雙芯龍3〇而相連接 的。因此’存在將半導體光接收元件（光f二極體）n相 對於檢測裝置主體20反接的可級。由独往的⑽單 =是無極性的’所以相對於檢測裝置主體20白勺連接極性不 子在門題1_疋’若將半導體光接收元件（光電二極體） =反接，則該半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）11的工作 、交得不穩定，而且其輪出信號自身也不確定。 +因此:在該火焰檢崎置中，在半導體光接收元件（光 二極11的跟前串聯插入防止反接用的二極體H，並 搞:'則衣置主體2〇上設置檢測半導體光接收元件（光電二 Γ反接較接檢測魏及檢戦半導體光接收元件 、、-电一極體n短路故障的短路故障檢測功能。該反接 力能和短物_輸以通騎社㈣—固定電 的mt :弟二固，电阻2 2的連接點產生的電壓與預先設置 斷有無火焰關值不同的’上返閥值與後述的用於判 (弁^ -^^檢_裝置中，通在半導體光接收元件 包一 °脰與電欖30之間串聯插入防止反接用的 16 200839154 ίΤΓ,了在反接時來自檢測裝置主體20側的驅動電 屋Vd不施加於半導體光 動屯 而禁，光接收元件(光電二極二從 不會侍到非本意的輪出（火焰檢 之 光接收元件(光反接時，將該半導體 總是“無請，的檢設為“G，，，從而成為 Ο 二極ίϋϋΊ置^ ’與上述那#設置防止反接用的 焰的功能之外除，有無火 u的反接檢測功能及短路故立％牛（光電—極體） 能及短路故障檢:：故二檢能，反接檢測功 一固定電阻91乃…_ π ^ 斤不，虽將根據上述第;=12, that is, the body light receiving component port. Enlargement: 1 1 lb of gain, so that the dark lib will not increase. In this case, for example, the output of the light receiving element (photodiode) η is changed by the discharge; = = pressure, whereby the current output characteristic (gain) is changed ^ or ' After the A/D conversion is performed, the output of the element (photodiode) u is digitally converted, and when the digital number is transmitted via the electric 0, the round of the semiconductor light receiving element 11 is taken out to make A/ The D conversion characteristic itself is variable. 1. However, even if a dark current component is added to the output of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11 as described above, countermeasures against false detection are performed, and external noise is superimposed on the cable 30. . Further, the ability of the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) 11 to resist external noise is weak, and the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) 11 itself is liable to cause a malfunction such as latch up due to the external noise. . Therefore, in the flame detecting device, the filter circuit 13 is provided in the vicinity of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) n to prevent the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) from being subjected to the application via the cable 30. 14 200839154 The influence of noise is prevented, and malfunction such as locking of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11 is prevented. At the same time, the flame detecting signal output from the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11 via the cable 30 is delayed by the filter circuit 13, thereby removing the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) due to the sloshing of the flame or the like. Body) 11 unintended response component. That is, as described above, the response characteristic of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) Π is very fast compared to the conventional CdS unit, and only the intensity of the visible light is changed due to the sloshing of the flame, and it is sensitive. The ground responds to changes in its received light intensity. Therefore, even if only the output (flame detection signal) of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11 is lowered by minute flame sway, it may be mistakenly detected as flame suppression. In order to prevent such a problem, as described above, the filter circuit 13 is provided in front of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11 in the flame detecting device, thereby enabling the above-mentioned semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) which responds quickly. The output (flame detection signal) of the body 11 is delayed, whereby the response waveform of the flame detection signal is made gentle, and then output to the cable 30. In other words, the apparent response characteristic of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11 is delayed by the filter circuit 13. The filter circuit 13 removes external noise such as spark noise superimposed on the cable 30 from a noise generating source such as an ignition transformer, and stabilizes the operation of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11. As a result, on the side of the detecting device main body 20, it is possible to detect the change in the output (flame detecting signal) of the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) in the operating stable state as a slow response signal without being affected by the flame sway, 15 200839154 This can be used for flame detection. In particular, the filter circuit 13 is disposed in the vicinity of the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) U, so that it is possible to prevent the (four) material-induced semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) u from being erroneously driven and solid. Responsive improvement in the age of the rotating body (photodiode). 〇 The above-described sensor head 1 即, that is, the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11 and the detecting device main body 2 are connected only by the double core. Therefore, there is a step of reversing the semiconductor light receiving element (optical f diode) n with respect to the detecting device main body 20. The singular (10) single = is non-polar' so the connection polarity with respect to the detecting device body 20 is not in the door 1_疋' If the semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) is reversed, then The operation of the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) 11 is unstable, and the wheel-out signal itself is also uncertain. + Therefore, in the flame detection, the semiconductor light-receiving element (the diode 2 for preventing reverse connection is inserted in series in front of the photodiode 11 and the device is provided with a detection semiconductor light reception) The short-circuit fault detection function of the component (photoelectric diode reverse connection and detection of Wei and inspection semiconductor light-receiving components, and -electric one-pole short-circuit fault). The reverse relay energy and short object_transmission to the rider (four)-fixed Electric mt: Di Ergu, the voltage generated by the connection point of the resistor 2 2 is different from the pre-set or absence of the flame threshold value, and the following is used for the judgment (弁^ -^^检_device, pass The semiconductor light-receiving element package is inserted in series between the semiconductor light-receiving element package and the battery board 30 to prevent reverse connection. In the case of reverse connection, the drive house Vd from the side of the detecting device main body 20 is not applied to the semiconductor light-emitting device. Forbidden, the light-receiving element (photodiode 2 will never serve an unintentional round-out (light-receiving light-receiving element (when the light is reversed, the semiconductor is always "no, please check", "G,, , thus becoming Ο two poles ϋϋΊ ^ ^ ' with the above # set to prevent anti In addition to the function of the flame used, there is a reverse detection function of the fire u and a short circuit. The Niu (photoelectric-polar body) and short-circuit fault detection:: Therefore, the second inspection can be reversed, and the detection function is a fixed resistor 91. Is..._ π ^ 斤不, although according to the above
Vin _右Λ〜 電阻22的逹接點所產生的電墨 檢測亀^ V㈣’將所設定的反接 定的短路檢測用閥值二的電麼值’將所設 值。 ]值Vto3賦卞低於上述閥值Vthl的電壓 在檢測裝置主體20上娘命膝 元件（光電二極體）n時導體光接收 點所產 下，僅有由上述暗在黑暗（無火焰）的狀態 流從上诚電雙^电路12增加的暗電流部分的電 〜mo經由感測器頭1〇流過，因此，在上述第 200839154 固疋ι阻21和第二g]定電阻22的連接點所產生的電壓 止t上-述轉別稍低—些。即，上述半導縣接收元件 杏^八才^) 11對第二固定電阻22產生並聯作用，相 畐；/刀&了上述增加的暗電流部分的電流，因此導致上 述檢測電壓Vin比驅動電壓Vd稍低一些。 Ο κ、二且太當半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）11檢測到 生的可見光而輪出火焰檢測信號，其阻抗降低 21 22 焰生的電壓Vin進-步降低。上述判斷有無火 而發地為可識別檢糧Vm因有無該受光 :此不同、’在將半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）11 元G光由^ft止、反接用二極體14切斷對半導體光接收 供泰，因此电―虽肽）11供電、進而切斷對感測器頭10的 即^在W 電流加法電路12不會發揮作用，因此， 和匕?上_狀態下，在上述第-固定電阻2】 述驅連接點所產生的電壓.也不會從上 可識降低。上述反接檢測用閥值Vth2被設定為 承1 有無該反接而發生變化的差里的電 =在反接的狀態下，即使存在火焰，由於半導體:； 收7〇件（光電二極 、千V版先接 出，因此，施加於骚動=，所以不能得到其輪 ，變仆。心 動電M Vd的檢測 Vin不會發味 肤身〆’通過用上述反接檢測用閥值Vth2判斷^的 狀"檢測出感測器頭2。、即半導體先接收 18 200839154 二極體）11的反接。 杈u ^ 2G上時’只要該 ㈣）11 #發_用，就存在包括上述暗=ί= 二=11輸出最大的火焰檢測信號(電流），在it Ο J:也不會低至。V。但是，若半導體光接收=:堡 極體）11發生短路故障，則無論是否存在暗電 12,第二固定電阻乃ΑΑ工山疋占仔任暗〜巩加法電路 而短路，㈣之間經防止反接用二極體14 的連接_^ #—固定電阻21及第二岐電阻22 ^連接摘產生的_ Vin—下子降低至qv。上述短 =檢二则值Vth3被設定為可朗檢_壓 糊11的崎障而^ 上、二在檢測裝置主體2〇中，如上述那樣根據在 ^^ 笔阻21和第二固定電阻22的連接點所產生 勺电壓Vm來判斷有無火焰，並設置分別判斷半導體光 收=件（光電二極體）U的反接及短路故障的功能，從而， 既能確認火焰檢職置的玉作可靠性，又能確實執行火焰 檢測。因此’能夠可靠性良好地且穩定地執行 燃燒控制。 寻0 —而且，本發明不限於上述實施方式。例如對於上述的 第-〜第三閥值Vthl、Vth2、Vth3，可以時分別依據半導 19 200839154 體光接收元件（光電二極體）n的輪出特性、复土 等而設定。當然也可以將防止反接用的二極體1 木件 置取為正極電源線。對於適於制除了 Si以外料他$ 體光，收4作為光接收單元的情況也同樣麟确用。= 外，在不脫離本發明要點的範圍内，可對 變形來加以實施。 知a進仃各種 雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然1 限Ϊ本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離^發明之^ 权更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護 耗圍畜視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是本制—個實施方式的火焰檢囉置的概略 成圖。 野 心、> 圖2是表示半導體光接收元件（光電二極體）相對於 又光強度的輸出電流特性的圖。 一圖3是表示火焰判斷閥值vth卜反接判斷閥值Vth2、 一 &測閥值Vih3相對於火焰檢測電壓vin的關係的圖。 圖4是表示煤氣燃燒器的概略構成與火焰檢測裝置的 怎'測為頭的安裝部位之間關係的圖。 圖5是表示煤氣燃燒器中點火控制時序的例子的圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 送風機 燃料噴嘴 點火電極 20 2 200839154 4 :感測器頭 10 :感測器頭 11 :半導體光接收元件(光電二極體) 11a :負載電阻....... 11b ··放大器 12 :暗電流加法電路 13 :濾波電路 13a :電阻 13b、13c :電容器 14 :防止反接用二極體 20 ··檢測裝置主體 21 :第一固定電阻 22 :第二固定電阻 23 :火焰檢測部 24 :燃燒控制裝置 30 :電纜 31 :送風機 32 :點火變壓器 33 :燃料閥 Vd :驅動電壓Vin _Right Λ ~ The electric ink generated by the 逹 contact of the resistor 22 is detected by 亀^V(4)', and the set value of the set short-circuit detection threshold value is set to '. The voltage value of Vto3 is lower than the above-mentioned threshold value Vth1, and the conductor light receiving point is produced when the knee-shaped element (photodiode) n is detected on the detecting device main body 20, and only the darkness (no flame) is caused by the above. The state flow flows from the dark current portion of the upper power supply circuit 12 to the low current portion of the current through the sensor head 1 ,, and therefore, in the above-mentioned No. 200839154, the solid resistance 1 and the second g] constant resistance 22 The voltage generated by the connection point is stopped. That is, the above-mentioned semi-conducting receiving element of the semi-conducting county has a parallel action on the second fixed resistor 22, and the current of the increased dark current portion is increased, thereby causing the above-mentioned detection voltage Vin to be driven. The voltage Vd is slightly lower. Ο κ, 二和太当 semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) 11 detects the visible light and turns out the flame detection signal, and its impedance is lowered. 22 22 The flame voltage V is further reduced. The above-mentioned judgment is whether or not the fire is detected as the identifiable grain Vm due to the presence or absence of the light: the difference is that the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) 11-light G light is used to terminate the reverse-connected diode 14 Since the cutting of the semiconductor light is supplied to the semiconductor, the electric power is supplied to the sensor head 10, and the current is not applied to the sensor head 10, so that the W current adding circuit 12 does not function. The voltage generated by the above-mentioned first-fixed resistor 2 will not be known from the above. The reverse connection detection threshold Vth2 is set to the difference between the change of the bearing 1 and the reverse connection. In the reverse connection state, even if there is a flame, the semiconductor is received; The thousand V version is first taken out, so it is applied to the turmoil=, so it is impossible to get its wheel, and it becomes a servant. The detection of the electrocardiogram M Vd does not smell the body 〆' by using the above-mentioned reverse connection detection threshold Vth2 The shape of ^ is detected by the sensor head 2. That is, the semiconductor first receives the reverse connection of 18 200839154 diode 11 .杈u ^ 2G when 'as long as the (four)) 11 #发_用, there is a flame detection signal (current) including the above dark = ί = two = 11 output maximum, in it Ο J: will not be as low. V. However, if the semiconductor light receiving =: Fort polar body 11 occurs a short-circuit fault, regardless of the presence or absence of dark electricity 12, the second fixed resistor is short-circuited by the completion of the mountain-sharp-sharp addition circuit, and (4) is prevented. The connection of the reverse connection diode 14 _^ # - the fixed resistor 21 and the second 岐 resistor 22 ^ are connected to the resulting _ Vin - the lower is reduced to qv. The above-mentioned short=secondary value Vth3 is set to be detectable _ the paste of the paste 11 and the second is in the detecting device main body 2, as described above, according to the pen resistance 21 and the second fixed resistor 22 The scoop voltage Vm generated by the connection point is used to determine whether or not there is a flame, and a function of judging the reverse connection and the short-circuit fault of the semiconductor light-receiving member (photodiode) U, respectively, thereby confirming the jade work of the flame inspection position Reliability, and can actually perform flame detection. Therefore, the combustion control can be performed with high reliability and stability. Looking for 0 - Moreover, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the first to third threshold values Vth1, Vth2, and Vth3 described above may be set in accordance with the wheel-out characteristics of the bulk light receiving element (photodiode) n, the resurfacing, and the like, respectively. Of course, it is also possible to take the diode 1 piece for preventing reverse connection as the positive power line. For the case where it is suitable for making a body light other than Si, the case of receiving 4 as a light receiving unit is also used. Further, modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, the present invention is limited to the present invention, and any person skilled in the art can change and retouch without departing from the invention. This is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flame inspection apparatus of the present embodiment. Ambition, > Fig. 2 is a graph showing the output current characteristics of the semiconductor light-receiving element (photodiode) with respect to the light intensity. Fig. 3 is a view showing the relationship between the flame determination threshold value vth, the reverse connection determination threshold value Vth2, and the detection valve value Vih3 with respect to the flame detection voltage vin. Fig. 4 is a view showing the relationship between the schematic configuration of the gas burner and the mounting position of the flame detecting device. Fig. 5 is a view showing an example of an ignition control timing in a gas burner. [Main component symbol description] Blower fuel nozzle ignition electrode 20 2 200839154 4 : Sensor head 10 : Sensor head 11 : Semiconductor light receiving element (photodiode) 11a : Load resistance .... 11b Amplifier 12: Dark current adding circuit 13: Filter circuit 13a: Resistors 13b and 13c: Capacitor 14: Reverse polarity preventing diode 20 · Detection device main body 21: First fixed resistor 22: Second fixed resistor 23: Flame detecting unit 24: combustion control device 30: cable 31: blower 32: ignition transformer 33: fuel valve Vd: driving voltage
Vin:第一固定電阻21及第二固定電阻22的連接點所 產生的電壓Vin: voltage generated by the connection point of the first fixed resistor 21 and the second fixed resistor 22
Vthl :判斷有無火焰的閥值 Vth2 :反接檢測用閥值 21 200839154Vthl: Judging whether there is a flame threshold Vth2: Reverse detection threshold 21 200839154
Vth3 :短路檢測用閥值Vth3: threshold for short circuit detection
22twenty two
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| JP2007004523A JP4803672B2 (en) | 2007-01-12 | 2007-01-12 | Flame detection device |
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| TW200839154A true TW200839154A (en) | 2008-10-01 |
| TWI352942B TWI352942B (en) | 2011-11-21 |
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| JP5042637B2 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2012-10-03 | アズビル株式会社 | Flame detection device |
| JP4998989B2 (en) * | 2007-01-12 | 2012-08-15 | アズビル株式会社 | Flame detection device |
| JP2009168384A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-30 | Corona Corp | Flame detecting device |
| CN105091024A (en) * | 2015-03-17 | 2015-11-25 | 霍尼韦尔环境自控产品（天津）有限公司 | Flame detection system |
| CN104678269B (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2017-06-23 | 国家电网公司 | Cable duct of substation cable discharge optically focused alarm detector |
| CN107808485B (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2020-06-05 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method for detecting fire source by utilizing visible light communication |
| TWI783726B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-11-11 | 台灣櫻花股份有限公司 | Gas stove ignition detection control system and method thereof |
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| JP2002031335A (en) * | 2000-07-18 | 2002-01-31 | Chofu Seisakusho Co Ltd | Combustion detecting device and its detecting method |
| KR20030020600A (en) * | 2001-09-04 | 2003-03-10 | 조재승 | A Fire Detector using flame sensor |
| JP2005016839A (en) | 2003-06-26 | 2005-01-20 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Flame detecting device |
| KR100675363B1 (en) * | 2004-07-31 | 2007-01-29 | 한국서부발전 주식회사 | Flame detector test apparatus for gas turbine |
| JP2006329474A (en) | 2005-05-24 | 2006-12-07 | Noritz Corp | Flame detecting device in combustor |
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| JP4803672B2 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
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| TWI352942B (en) | 2011-11-21 |
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