200835121 F1699 2l599tw£doc/n 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 且特別是有關於一種具 本發明是關於一種穩壓電路 有箝位性質的穩壓電路。 【先前技術】 隨著現今電子裝置日新月異，其對200835121 F1699 2l599tw£doc/n IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention pertains] and particularly relates to a voltage stabilizing circuit having a clamping property of a voltage stabilizing circuit. [Prior Art] With the rapid development of today's electronic devices,
中:時輸出多組電源電壓的需求條件亦越來ti t 於私源供應政母-組所輸出的電源電壓 越 嚴，。故為了要符合上述之條件，f知的作法係利 穩壓器（liner regulator) ’例如78〇5、LM3n等以使電 源供應器所輸出之每-組電源電壓穩定在某—個定值的電 壓值後，再提供至電子裝置所運用。 請參閱® 1，習知電源供應H 101所輸出之電源電壓 透過線性穩壓器103穩壓後再提供至電子裝置1〇5所運 用。一般而言，線性穩壓器103之輸入端Vin與輸出端v〇ut 間具有一電壓降，其最小之電壓降大約為13V左右，如此 線性穩壓益103始能達到穩壓之效果。換言之，假設線性 穩壓裔103為穩壓在5V輸出，線性穩壓器之輸入端 Vin電壓所接收的輸入電壓最起碼要有6.3v以上，才能使 得線性穩壓器103達到穩壓在5V輸出。 當線性穩壓器103之輸入端vin所接收的輸入電壓為 6.3V時，其消耗功率係為3.9W(3Axl.3V)，但當線性穩壓 器103之輸入端Vin電壓的輸入電壓提升時，例如提升至 18V時，其功率消耗就會提升至39W[3Axl8V-5V)]。據此 5 200835121 PT699 21599twf. doc/n 3降田热線1^壓甘益1G3之輸出端Vin與輸出端Vout間的 率消耗就會越高，故而會導致線性穩 ?低。而消耗功率會轉換為熱能而累· 赭山心所°°私，故會造成線性穩壓器103之溫度越來Medium: The demand condition for outputting multiple sets of power supply voltages is also more strict. The stricter the power supply voltage output by the private supply mother-group. Therefore, in order to meet the above conditions, the known method is to use a liner regulator such as 78〇5, LM3n, etc., so that the power supply voltage output by the power supply is stabilized at a certain value. After the voltage value is supplied to the electronic device. Please refer to ® 1, the power supply voltage output from the conventional power supply H 101 is regulated by the linear regulator 103 and then supplied to the electronic device 1〇5. In general, the voltage regulator of the input terminal Vin and the output terminal v〇ut of the linear regulator 103 has a voltage drop of about 13V, so that the linear regulator can achieve the effect of voltage regulation. In other words, assuming that the linear regulator 103 is regulated at 5V output, the input voltage of the input voltage of the linear regulator must be at least 6.3V, so that the linear regulator 103 can be regulated at 5V output. . When the input voltage received by the input terminal vin of the linear regulator 103 is 6.3V, the power consumption is 3.9W (3Axl.3V), but when the input voltage of the Vin voltage at the input of the linear regulator 103 is increased. For example, when boosted to 18V, its power consumption will increase to 39W [3Axl8V-5V)]. According to this 5 200835121 PT699 21599twf. doc/n 3 drop field hot line 1 ^ pressure Ganyi 1G3 output terminal Vin and the output end Vout rate consumption will be higher, it will lead to linear stability and low. The power consumption is converted into heat energy and is tired. The temperature of the linear regulator 103 is increasing.
賴問題，f知之細轉在線性穩壓器 •η 1衣（heaismk)，以使線性穩壓器103之溫度 朱女码2，*線性穩壓器1G3之輸出電流越大時，其元 =肢及祕片之體積也賴增大，故製作成本亦會隨之 =更值彳彳提的是’紐穩壓器⑽經常受限於輸入 二^圍卜般為5V〜18V)與輸出電流範圍(―般為1A〜3A) 的規格，故其所應用的範圍會較為狹窄，以至於使用彈性 ^不高。除此之外，當線性穩壓器103之輸入端Vin所接 ，卜，的，人a壓越大時’其輪出電流必須降低，以防止線 ，生穩^器103燒毁，但如此即限制了線性穩壓器⑽之帶 負載能力’進而無法滿足電子|置1()5處於輕、重載變化 的需求。 【發明内容】 ^發明的目的就是提供了 一種穩壓電路，其藉由將一 開關單元搭配一偵測單元與一控制迴路單元，以使開關單 元/、有箝位丨生貝，藉此解決先前技術所提及之缺點。 基於上述及其他目的，本發明所提供的穩壓電路，其 ^括開關單元、偵測單元以及控制迴路單元。其中，開關 單几之第一端用以接收輸入電壓，而開關單元之第二端則 6 200835121 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 用以傳送電源電壓。偵測單元係用以偵測開關單元之第二 端所傳送之電源電壓的電壓準位，並依據—預設箝位輪出 電壓準位而產生控制滅。㈣迴路單元制以依據價測 早το所產生的控制訊號’而決定_單元導通或截止，並 控制開關單元之第—端所傳送之電源電壓的電壓準位大 小。Lai problem, f knows the finer in the linear regulator • η 1 clothing (heaismk), so that the linear regulator 103 temperature Zhu female code 2, * linear regulator 1G3 output current is greater, its yuan = The size of the limbs and secrets also depends on the increase, so the production cost will also be followed. = The value is that the 'new regulator (10) is often limited to the input 2^5) and the output current The range ("1A~3A" is the specification, so the range of application will be narrower, so that the elasticity of use is not high. In addition, when the input terminal Vin of the linear regulator 103 is connected, the larger the voltage of the person a is, the lower the current must be reduced to prevent the line from being burnt, but this is the case. That is to say, the load capacity of the linear regulator (10) is limited, which in turn cannot meet the requirements of the electronic | set 1 () 5 in light and heavy load changes. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the invention to provide a voltage stabilizing circuit which solves the previous problem by combining a switching unit with a detecting unit and a control loop unit so that the switching unit has a clamped twin The shortcomings mentioned in the technology. Based on the above and other objects, the voltage stabilizing circuit provided by the present invention includes a switching unit, a detecting unit, and a control loop unit. The first end of the switch is used to receive the input voltage, and the second end of the switch unit is 6 200835121 PT699 21599twf.doc/n for transmitting the power supply voltage. The detecting unit is configured to detect the voltage level of the power supply voltage transmitted by the second end of the switching unit, and generate a control according to the preset clamping wheel output voltage level. (4) The loop unit system determines whether the unit is turned on or off according to the control signal generated by the price measurement, and controls the voltage level of the power supply voltage transmitted at the first end of the switch unit.
本發明所提供的穩壓電路，其藉由當開關單元之第二 ，所傳送的電源電壓超過倾箝位輸出電壓準位時，^ 早几係會輸出-控制訊號至控制迴路單元，而控制迴路 兀再據以使關單元截止，且此時開關單元之第二端所 送的電源電壓會被箝位至預設箝位輪出電壓準位。反之，、 2關單元之第二端所傳送的電源電觀於職箝位輸出 ^準位時’制單兀係亦會輪出—控制訊號至控制迴路 早兀’而控制迴路單元再據以使開關單元導通，且此 2凡之第二端所傳送的電源電壓係追隨電源供應器當下 電麼:藉此，本發明之具有箝位性質的穩壓 电二以達到· l.f負载能力佳且可以滿足電子裝置處於 ，、重載變化的需| ; 2.消耗功率低且效率高；3.輸入電 鎖^電料受限；4.降低產品製作成本；^依客戶輪 出電壓規格上限調整預設箝位輸出電壓準位等多項優點。1 易懂為述和其他目的 '特徵和優點能更明顯 作詳細==明之難實_，她麵附圖式， 【實施方式】 7 200835121 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 請參照圖2，本發明一實施例之穩壓電路200包括開 關單元201、偵測單元203以及控制迴路單元205。其中， 開關單元201之第一端用以接收一輸入電壓％，而開關單 元201之第二端則用以傳送一電源電壓v〇。其中，輸入電 壓Vi係可由電源供應器（未繪示)所供應，然以本發明並^ 限=於此，使用者可依實際需求以穩定或非穩定之電壓源The voltage stabilizing circuit provided by the present invention, when the power supply voltage transmitted by the second of the switching unit exceeds the output voltage level of the tilting clamp, is controlled by a few systems to control the signal to the control loop unit. The circuit is then turned off, and the power supply voltage sent by the second end of the switch unit is clamped to the preset clamp wheel voltage level. Conversely, when the power supply of the second terminal of the 2nd unit is transmitted to the clamp output level, the system will also rotate out—the control signal is sent to the control loop early and the control loop unit is used again. Is the switching unit turned on, and the power supply voltage transmitted by the second terminal of the second is followed by the power supply to be powered down: thereby, the clamping power of the present invention has a clamping power of two to achieve a good load capacity. Can meet the needs of electronic devices in, and heavy load changes; 2. Low power consumption and high efficiency; 3. Input electric lock ^ electric material limited; 4. Reduce product production cost; ^ Adjust according to customer's round-up voltage specification upper limit Preset clamp output voltage level and many other advantages. 1 It is easy to understand the description and other purposes 'features and advantages can be more clearly detailed == Ming dynasty _, her face diagram, [Embodiment] 7 200835121 PT699 21599twf.doc / n Please refer to Figure 2, the present invention The voltage stabilizing circuit 200 of the embodiment includes a switching unit 201, a detecting unit 203, and a control loop unit 205. The first end of the switch unit 201 is configured to receive an input voltage %, and the second end of the switch unit 201 is configured to transmit a power supply voltage v 。. Wherein, the input voltage Vi can be supplied by a power supply (not shown), but the invention can be used as a stable or unstable voltage source according to actual needs.
來實行之，而電源電壓v〇係可以當作電子装置(未繪示 之糸統電源。 偵測單元203耦接開關單元201，並用以偵測電源電 置Vo之包壓準位，並且依據一預設箝位輸出電壓準位而 產生一控制訊號CS。其中，此預設箝位輸出電壓準位係由 電子裝置所需之系統電源而決定。 控制迴路單元205耦接至開關單元2〇1、偵測單元2〇3 與輸入電壓Vi，並肋依據_單元2G3所產生的控制訊 號CS，而決定開關單元201導通或截止，進而控制電 壓Vout的電壓準位大小。 請參照圖3，開關單元201係包括一開關2〇7與一保 護單元209。其中，開關207具有第一端、第二端^第三^ 端，第一端耦接輸入電壓Vi，第二端耦接電源電壓％。 保護單元209係用以避免關207損毁，並由穩壓二極體 ZD與電阻R1所組成。穩壓二極體ZD之陰極與陽極 別耦接於開關207之第一端及第三端，電阻R1之第一 耦接開關2G7之第三端，第二端則接地，藉以使開關斯 之第三端透過電阻R1而接地。 δ 200835121 PT699 21599tw£doc/n 於本實施例中，開關207係可以利用金屬氧化物半導 體場效應電晶體(MOSFET)、雙載子電晶體(BJT)、或其他 可以進行開關4寸性的電子元件來實行，而穩壓二極體ZD 係可以利用稽納二極體(Zener Di〇de)來實行，且穩壓二極 體ZD之穩壓值係依據開關2〇7之特性而決定，而電&ri _係當作開關207及穩壓二極體ZD的限流元件。此外，值 得一提的是，本實施例之開關207之電路迴路位置並不限 φ 制於此，其亦可放置在電路之接地迴路上。 偵測單元203係由電阻R2及R3所組成，其以該發明 領域具有通常知識者當可知，電阻R2及R3係構成一分壓 電路(potential divider circuit)。其中，電阻R2之第一端耦 接開關207之第二端，電阻R2之第二端耦接電阻们之第 一端並輸出控制訊號CS，而電阻R3之第二端則接地。於 本貝施例中’偵測早元203並不限制於利用分壓電路來實 打，使用者可依實際需求以比較器、光耦合器或其他可偵 測電壓之電子元件來取代並實行之。 ⑩ 控制迴路單元205係由電阻R4及R5、電晶體T1以 及並聯穩壓器（shimt regulator) ui所組成。其中，電阻R4 之第一端耦接開關207之第一端。電阻R5之第一端耦接 電阻R4之第二端。並聯穩壓器U1之第一端耦接電阻R5 之第一端，且透過電阻R4而與開關207之第一端耦接， 並聯穩壓器U1之第二端接地，而並聯穩壓器ui之第三端 則輕接電阻R2之第二端以接收控制訊號CS。電晶體T1 之基極(base)係透過電阻R5而與電阻R4之第二端耦接， 200835121 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 電晶體T1之射極(emitter)耦接開關207之第一端，而恭曰 體T1之集極(collector)則耦接開關2〇7之第三端。包曰曰The power supply voltage is used as an electronic device (not shown). The detecting unit 203 is coupled to the switch unit 201 and used to detect the voltage level of the power supply Vo, and is based on A preset clamp output voltage level generates a control signal CS, wherein the preset clamp output voltage level is determined by a system power supply required by the electronic device. The control loop unit 205 is coupled to the switch unit 2 1. The detecting unit 2〇3 and the input voltage Vi, and the ribs determine whether the switching unit 201 is turned on or off according to the control signal CS generated by the _ unit 2G3, thereby controlling the voltage level of the voltage Vout. Referring to FIG. 3, The switch unit 201 includes a switch 2〇7 and a protection unit 209. The switch 207 has a first end, a second end, and a third end. The first end is coupled to the input voltage Vi, and the second end is coupled to the power supply voltage. The protection unit 209 is used to prevent the 207 from being damaged, and is composed of the Zener diode ZD and the resistor R1. The cathode and the anode of the Zener diode ZD are coupled to the first end and the third of the switch 207. End, the first coupling of the resistor R1 is the second coupling switch 2G7 The second end is grounded, so that the third end of the switch is grounded through the resistor R1. δ 200835121 PT699 21599 TW/doc/n In this embodiment, the switch 207 can utilize a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor ( MOSFET), bi-carrier transistor (BJT), or other electronic components that can be switched to 4 inches, and Zener diode ZD can be implemented using Zener diodes. The voltage regulation value of the Zener diode ZD is determined according to the characteristics of the switch 2〇7, and the electric & ri _ is used as the current limiting component of the switch 207 and the Zener diode ZD. In addition, it is worth mentioning The circuit loop position of the switch 207 of the embodiment is not limited to this, and it may also be placed on the ground loop of the circuit. The detecting unit 203 is composed of resistors R2 and R3, and the field of the invention is It is known to those skilled in the art that the resistors R2 and R3 form a potential divider circuit, wherein the first end of the resistor R2 is coupled to the second end of the switch 207, and the second end of the resistor R2 is coupled to the resistor. The first end of the output control signal CS, and the second of the resistor R3 The terminal is grounded. In the example of this embodiment, the detection of the early element 203 is not limited to the use of a voltage divider circuit. The user can use a comparator, an optocoupler or other electronic device capable of detecting voltage according to actual needs. The control circuit unit 205 is composed of resistors R4 and R5, a transistor T1, and a shunt regulator ui. The first end of the resistor R4 is coupled to the first switch 207. The first end of the resistor R5 is coupled to the second end of the resistor R4. The first end of the shunt regulator U1 is coupled to the first end of the resistor R5, and coupled to the first end of the switch 207 through the resistor R4, the second end of the shunt regulator U1 is grounded, and the shunt regulator ui The third end is connected to the second end of the resistor R2 to receive the control signal CS. The base of the transistor T1 is coupled to the second end of the resistor R4 through the resistor R5. The emitter of the transistor T1 is coupled to the first end of the switch 207, and the emitter of the transistor T1 is coupled to the first end of the switch 207. The collector of the Gongyi T1 is coupled to the third end of the switch 2〇7. Baggage
於本實施例中，電阻R4與Μ係用以各別當作 壓器m與電晶體T1的限流元件，以各別保護並聯穩壓= U1與電晶體ΤΠ。其中，並聯穩壓器m係利用三; 穩壓益TL-431來實行’而電晶體T1係為j>Np型電晶 以下將針對本實施例之穩壓電路2〇〇之電路運彳^ 來描述，且假設預設箝位輸出電壓準位為13V，亦即沪传 電源電壓Vo上限為13V以提供至電子裝置之當作其 電源，但在此並雜制於此，設計者可依實^求^變^ 其值，如此以更能清楚的說明本實施例之具有箝位性 穩壓電路200所能達成之功效與優點。 、、 請繼續參照圖2及圖3，依據所假設的預設箝位 電壓準位13V，且依據並聯穩壓器ui的特性，亦即=、、,, 聯穩壓器ui之第三端所接收的控制訊號cs之電壓二= 2.5V以上時，並聯穩壓n UH系導通，而當並聯顧器= 之第三端所接收的控制訊號CS之電壓值為2 5v以下 並聯穩壓器U1係截止。故根據分壓定律，亦 恥/⑽啦小⑽…乂 ’即可推算出電阻R2與R3’之I 值比例為21 : 5，所以使用者可依據實際需求並符 = 之比例值，即可自行決定電阻R2與R3之阻值。舉例〇处 當電阻R3為1〇〇ΚΩ時，電阻R2即為42〇ΚΩ。 當開關單元201之第二端所傳送的電源電壓％含 預設箝位輸出電壓準位13V時，偵測單元2〇3所輪出=护 200835121 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 制訊號cs之電壓值係合士 ^ L σJ闕 /會截止，因開關？f)7 電麗VG會婦絲預賴倾ΛΐΑ’ ^卩此時電源 另外’當開關單元2〇1之望-山 低於預設麻_鱗位丨 之控制訊紅s 1藏齡㈣ 與電晶體τι t同時截止，而開關2G ~ 關單元201之第-媸所彳查令、且此3寸開 當下電祕絲VG係料步追隨 壓Vi女/K，二 之電壓源所提供之輪入電 门’、P此時電源電壓ν〇=輸入電壓Vi。據此可 ’因開關2〇7處在全導通狀態(近似於 實施例之㈣電路·之消耗功率低，故效率高。本 並接提的是，本實施例係藉由將穩壓二極體奶 之第一端與第三端之間，故輸入電壓％ 限制。另外’假使提升所選用之開關2〇7的 $輸出％流時，輸出電流也會不受限制。故依據上述， ^施例之賴電路2〇〇可啸決先前技術之穩壓 器經常 ; 1入毛壓|&圍（一般為5V〜18V)與輪出電流範圍（一 般為1A〜3 A)的缺點。 入 干之外，本實施例之穩壓電路200因較不受制於輸 電壓範圍與輪出電流範__，故其帶負載能力亦優 11 200835121In this embodiment, the resistors R4 and Μ are used as current limiting components of the voltage regulator m and the transistor T1, respectively, to separately protect the parallel voltage regulator = U1 and the transistor ΤΠ. Wherein, the shunt regulator m is utilized by three; the voltage regulator TL-431 is used to perform 'and the transistor T1 is j>; the Np type of crystal crystal will be used for the circuit of the voltage regulator circuit 2 of the present embodiment. To describe, and assume that the preset clamp output voltage level is 13V, that is, the upper limit of the Shanghai power supply voltage Vo is 13V to provide power to the electronic device, but here and mixed, the designer can The value is obtained by the actual value, so that the functions and advantages of the clamped voltage stabilizing circuit 200 of the present embodiment can be more clearly explained. Please continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3, according to the assumed preset clamp voltage level of 13V, and according to the characteristics of the shunt regulator ui, that is, =,,,, the third end of the regulator ui When the voltage of the received control signal cs is less than 2.5V, the shunt regulator n UH is turned on, and the voltage of the control signal CS received by the third terminal of the shunt controller = 2 5v or less is connected in parallel. U1 is the deadline. Therefore, according to the law of partial pressure, it is also shameful/(10) small (10)...乂' to calculate the ratio of the I value of the resistors R2 and R3' to 21:5, so the user can match the ratio of the actual demand to = The resistance values of resistors R2 and R3 are determined by themselves. Example 〇 When the resistor R3 is 1 〇〇ΚΩ, the resistor R2 is 42 〇ΚΩ. When the power supply voltage % transmitted by the second end of the switch unit 201 includes the preset clamp output voltage level 13V, the detection unit 2〇3 rotates=protects the voltage value of the 200835121 PT699 21599twf.doc/n signal cs The system ^ L σJ阙 / will be cut off, because of the switch? f)7 Electric VG will be pre-seeking ΛΐΑ ΛΐΑ ' ^ 卩 power at this time when the switch unit 2 〇 1 look - the mountain is lower than the default hemp _ scale position 讯 control red s 1 Tibetan age (four) and The transistor τι t is turned off at the same time, and the switch 2G ~ off unit 201 of the first 媸 彳 令 、 、 、 、 、 201 201 201 201 201 VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG VG Turn in the electric door ', P at this time the power supply voltage ν 〇 = input voltage Vi. According to this, the switch 2〇7 is in the all-on state (approximate to the (4) circuit of the embodiment, and the power consumption is low, so the efficiency is high. The present invention is connected to the second pole. Between the first end and the third end of the body milk, the input voltage is limited. In addition, if the % output of the selected switch 2〇7 is increased, the output current is not limited. Therefore, according to the above, ^ The circuit of the example 2 can be used to determine the voltage regulator of the prior art; 1 the disadvantage of the hair pressure | & circumference (usually 5V ~ 18V) and the range of the wheel current (generally 1A ~ 3 A). In addition to the dry, the voltage stabilizing circuit 200 of the present embodiment is less suitable for the transmission voltage range and the wheel current __, so its load carrying capacity is also excellent 11 200835121
Fibyy ^1599tw£d〇c/n 於先前技術之穩壓器的帶負載能力，故而可滿足電子聿 處於輕、重載變化的需求。 1直 絲上所述，本發明是提供一種穩壓電路。依據本發明 的精神，會有下列幾點優點來敘述： x L帶負載能力佳且可以滿足電子裝置處於輕、 化的需求。 戰^ 2·消耗功率低且效率高、穩定性佳。Fibyy ^1599tw£d〇c/n has the load-carrying capability of the prior art regulators, so it can meet the needs of electronic 聿 in light and heavy load changes. As described on the straight wire, the present invention provides a voltage stabilizing circuit. According to the spirit of the present invention, there are several advantages to be described: x L has a good load capacity and can meet the requirements of light and electronic devices. Battle ^ 2 · Low power consumption, high efficiency and good stability.
3·輸入電壓與輸出電流範圍較不受限。 4·可降低產品製作成本。 。5·依客戶輸出電壓規格上限調整預設箝位輸出電壓準 雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其 限定本發明，任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發 ^範圍内，當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之= 範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 A、 【圖式簡單說明】 圖圖1緣示為習知電源供應器與線性穩壓器的系統方塊 圖圖2繪不為依照本發明一實施例之穩壓電路之方塊 圖3緣示為圖2穩壓電路之電路圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 1〇1 :電源供應器 103 ·β穩壓器 12 200835121 rioyy zl599twf.doc/n 105 :電子裝置 200 :穩壓電路 201 :開關單元 203 :偵測單元 205 :控制迴路單元 207 :開關 209 :保護單元 R1〜R5 :電阻 ZD :穩壓二極體 U1 :並聯穩壓器 T1 :電晶體 CS :控制訊號 Vi :輸入電壓 Vo :電源電壓3. The input voltage and output current range are not limited. 4· can reduce the cost of production. . 5) Adjusting the preset clamp output voltage according to the upper limit of the customer output voltage specification. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the scope of the present invention. A few changes and modifications may be made, and the scope of the invention is defined by the scope of the appended claims. A. [Brief Description of the Drawings] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a conventional power supply and a linear regulator. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a voltage stabilizing circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the regulator circuit. [Main component symbol description] 1〇1: power supply 103·β voltage regulator 12 200835121 rioyy zl599twf.doc/n 105: electronic device 200: voltage stabilization circuit 201: switching unit 203: detection unit 205: control circuit unit 207: switch 209: protection unit R1 to R5: resistance ZD: voltage regulator diode U1: shunt regulator T1: transistor CS: control signal Vi: input voltage Vo: power supply voltage