1334257 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於一種穩壓電路，且姓 有箝位性質的顏魏。 且彳^有關於-種具 【先前技術】1334257 PT699 21599twf.doc/n IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a voltage stabilizing circuit, and has a clamping property of Yan Wei. And 彳^有有-种具 [Prior Art]
隨著現今電子裝置日新料，其 ，出J組電源電壓的需求條件亦越 於電源供應$之母-組所輸出的電源電戶越 ，:故為了要符合上述之條件，習知的作法二Ϊ = 穩壓器（lmer regulator)，例如 7805、LM317 等 γ · 源供應器所輸出之每-組電源電壓穩定在某;;·個定 壓值後’再提供至電子裝置所運用。 請參閱® 1，習知電源供應H 101所輸出之電源電壓 透過線性穩麼器103穩麼後再提供至電子裝置所運 用。一般而言，線性穩壓器1〇3之輪入端Vin與輪出端v〇ut 間具有一電壓降，其最小之電壓降大約為13V左右，如此 線性穩壓器103始能達到穩壓之效果^換言之，假設線性 穩壓器103為穩壓在5V輸出，線性穩壓器1〇3之輸入端 Vin電壓所接收的輸入電麼最起碼要有6.3V以上，才能使 得線性穩壓器103達到穩壓在5V輸出。 當線性穩壓器103之輸入端Vin所接收的輸入電廢為 6.3V時，其消耗功率係為3.9W(3Axl.3V)，但當線性穩壓 器103之輸入端Vin電壓的輸入電壓提升時，例如提升至 18V時，其功率消耗就會提升至39W[3Axl8V-5V)]。據此 5 1334257 PT699 21599twf.d〇c/n ^口，當線性顧器103之輪出端偷與輸出端—間的 堅降越大時’其功率消耗就會越高，故而會導致線性稃 變低。而消耗功率會轉換為熱能而= f，£斋°3上，故會造成線性穩壓器I。3之溫度越來 ，題’習知之細^ 口裝政…、片（heatsmk)，以使線性穩壓器1〇3之溫度 :降。另外，當線性穩壓器1〇3之輸出電流越大時，盆元 ^體及散熱片之體積也必須增大，故製作成本亦會隨之 提开0 而更值得—提的是，線性穩壓器103經常受限於給入 =圍(，v〜18v)與輸出電流範圍(二 ^格=其所應用的範圍會較為狹窄，以至於使用彈性 接當線性穩壓器1〇3之輸入端Vin所接 時’其輸出電流必須降低，以防止線 毀，但如此即限制了線性穩壓器103之帶 進而無法狀電子襄置⑽處於輕、重載變化 【發明内容】 本發明的目的就是提供了一種穩壓電路，並藉一 偵測單元與-控制迴路單元，以使開關單 1 心’减解決先輯提及之缺點。 包括述及ί他目的，本發明所提供的穩壓電路，其 用=單元以及控制迴路單元。其中，開關 早之弟知用以接收輸入霞，而開關單元之第二端則 6 1334257 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 用以傳送電源電壓。谓測單元係用以價測開關單元之第二 ^傳送之電源電壓的·準位，並轉 ，壓=產生控制訊號。控制迴路單元係用以依據二 =兀所產生的控制訊號’而決定開關單元導通絲止，並 =制開關單元之第二端所傳送之電源電㈣電壓準位大 ☆本發明所提供的穩壓電路，其藉由當開關單元 超過預設籍位輪出電厂堅準位時⑽ -號至控制迴路單元，而控制迴路單 凡再據以使開關單元截止，且此時開關單元之 =電!Γ籍位至預設籍位輸出電壓準位二 =二==電壓低於預設箱位輪出 π彳關早兀係亦會輪出—控制婦u至控制泡故 關：:制ΐ路單元再據以使開關單元導通，且此時開 所提供之輸入電壓。藉此，本發明之具二當下 輕、重二二= 可以滿足電子農置處於 毕二重载欠化的需求；2·消耗功率 处於 電流不受限；4.降低產品製作 出電上限調整預設藉位輸㈣壓準With the increasing demand of today's electronic devices, the demand conditions for the power supply voltage of the J group are more than the power supply of the power supply to the mother-group. Therefore, in order to meet the above conditions, the conventional method is adopted. Second Ϊ = voltage regulator (lmer regulator), such as 7805, LM317, etc. γ · source supply output of each group of power supply voltage is stable at some;; a constant pressure value 're-supply to the electronic device. Please refer to ® 1, the power supply voltage output from the conventional power supply H 101 is stabilized by the linear stabilizer 103 and then supplied to the electronic device. In general, the linear regulator 1〇3 has a voltage drop between the wheel terminal Vin and the wheel terminal v〇ut, and the minimum voltage drop is about 13V, so the linear regulator 103 can achieve voltage regulation. The effect ^ In other words, assuming that the linear regulator 103 is regulated at 5V output, the input voltage received by the Vin voltage at the input terminal of the linear regulator 1〇3 must be at least 6.3V to make the linear regulator 103 reaches the regulated output at 5V. When the input power of the input terminal Vin of the linear regulator 103 is 6.3V, the power consumption is 3.9W (3Axl.3V), but when the input voltage of the input voltage of the linear regulator 103 is increased, the input voltage is increased. When, for example, when boosted to 18V, its power consumption is increased to 39W [3Axl8V-5V)]. According to this, 5 1334257 PT699 21599twf.d〇c/n ^ mouth, when the round-off end of the linear device 103 steals and the output end - the greater the difference between the power consumption will be higher, which will lead to linear 稃Go low. The power consumption is converted to thermal energy and = f, which is caused by the linear regulator I. The temperature of 3 is getting more and more, the problem is 'sense', the heat is used to make the temperature of the linear regulator 1〇3: drop. In addition, when the output current of the linear regulator 1〇3 is larger, the volume of the basin element and the heat sink must also be increased, so the manufacturing cost will also be increased by 0, and it is more worthwhile. The regulator 103 is often limited by the input = square (, v ~ 18v) and the output current range (two ^ grid = its range of applications will be relatively narrow, so that the use of elastic connection as a linear regulator 1 〇 3 When the input terminal Vin is connected, its output current must be reduced to prevent the line from being destroyed, but this limits the band of the linear regulator 103 and thus the electronic device (10) is in a light and heavy load change. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a voltage stabilizing circuit, and to utilize a detecting unit and a control loop unit, so that the switch single 1 core 'resolves the shortcomings mentioned in the first series. Including the purpose of the invention, the present invention provides The voltage stabilizing circuit uses a = unit and a control loop unit, wherein the switch is known to receive the input Xia, and the second end of the switch unit is 6 1334257 PT699 21599twf.doc/n for transmitting the power supply voltage. The unit is used to measure the second pass of the switch unit The power supply voltage level, and turn, pressure = generate control signal. The control loop unit is used to determine the switch unit conduction wire according to the control signal generated by the second = ,, and = the second end of the switch unit The transmitted power supply (4) voltage level is large ☆ The voltage regulator circuit provided by the invention is controlled by the (10)-number to the control loop unit when the switch unit exceeds the preset position of the power plant to the control circuit unit, and the control loop According to the single unit, the switch unit is turned off, and at this time, the switch unit = electric! Γ home position to the preset home position output voltage level two = two == voltage is lower than the preset box position π 彳 兀 兀The system will also take turns to control the woman to control the bubble: the system unit is then turned on to turn on the switch unit, and the input voltage is provided at this time. Thereby, the present invention has two current light and heavy two Second = can meet the needs of the electronic farmer in the double-loaded under-consequence; 2. The power consumption is not limited in current; 4. Reduce the product production power-off limit adjustment preset borrowing (four) pressure
=本發明之上述和其他目的、特徵和優』H 作詳細說明如下。^土^例，並配合所附圖式， 【實施方式】 7 PT699 21599twf.d〇c/n 於本實施例中，開關207係可以利用金屬氧化物半 體場效應電晶體(MOSFET)、雙载子電晶體(BJT)、或其他 可以進行開關特性的電子元件來實行，而穩壓二極體/zd 係可以利用稽納二極體(Zener Diode)來實行，且穩壓一接 體ZD之穩壓值係依據開關207之特性而決定，而電^ 係當作開關207及穩壓—極體ZD的限流元件。此外，值 得一提的是’本實施例之開關207之電路迴路位置並不限 制於此’其亦可放置在電路之接地迴路上。 义 偵測單元203係由電阻R2及R3所組成，其以該發明 領域具有通常知識者當可知’電阻R2及R3係構成一分壓 電路(potential divider circuit)。其中，電阻R2之第一端輪 接開關207之第二端，電阻R2之第二端耦接電阻R3之第 一端並輸出控制訊號CS ’而電阻R3之第二端則接地。於 本實施例中，偵測單元203並不限制於利用分壓電路來實 行’使用者可依實際需求以比較器、光耦合器或其他可^ 測電壓之電子元件來取代並實行之。 、 控制迴路單元205係由電阻R4及R5、電晶體Tl以 及並聯穩壓器（shunt regulator) U1所組成。其中，電阻R4 之第一端輕接開關207之第一端。電阻R5之第一端輕接 電阻R4之第二端。並聯穩壓器υΐ之第一端輕接電阻R5 之第一端，且透過電阻R4而與開關207之第一端耦接， 並聯穩壓器U1之第二端接地，而並聯穩壓器U1之第三端 則耦接電阻R2之第二端以接收控制訊號CS。電晶體T1 之基極(base)係透過電阻R5而與電阻R4之第二端輕接， 1334.257 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 電晶體T1之射極(emitter)耦接開關207之第—端，而電晶 體T1之集極(c〇liect〇r)則耦接開關207之第三端。 於本實施例中，電阻R4與R5係用以各別當作並聯穩 壓器U1與電晶體T1的限流元件，以各別保護並聯穩壓器 U1與電晶H T卜其中，並聯穩壓器uh系利用三端並聯 穩壓器TL-431來實行，而電晶體T1係為ρΝί>型電晶體。 以下將針對本實施例之穩壓電路200之電路運彳^原理 來描述，且假設預設箝位輸出電壓準位為13V，亦即欲使 電源電壓Vo上限為13V以提供至電子裝置之當作其系統 電源，但在此並不限制於此，設計者可依實際需求而變動 其值，如此以更能清楚的說明本實施例之具有箝位性質的 穩壓電路200所能達成之功效與優點。 請繼續參照圖2及圖3，依據所假設的預設箝位輪出 電壓準位13V，且依據並聯穩壓器口丨的特性，亦即當並 聯穩壓器ui之第三端所接收的控制訊號cs之電壓值為 2.5V以上日守’並聯穩壓态υι係導通，而當並聯穩壓器& 之第三端所接收的控制訊號CS之電壓值為2.5V以^ 並聯穩壓器U1係截止。故根據分壓定律，亦 [R3/(R2+R3)]xl3V=2.5V ’即可推算出電阻R2與R3之阻 值比例為21 : 5，所骑用者可依據實際需求並符合 之比例值’即可自行決定電阻R2與R3之阻值。舉例 當電阻R3為100ΚΩ時，電阻R2即為42〇ΚΩ。 當開關單元201之第二端所傳送的電源電壓％ 預設箝位輸出電壓準位13V時，_單元2G3所輸出:控 PT699 21599twf.doc/n 制訊號cs之電壓值係會大於心 電晶體T1會同時導通，而開關207會截:與 截止’且此時開關單元2〇1之第 截 歼7 係會經由所提供之電付置料的 P旦，™ 寄生電容或寄生電阻繼續消 =里以下降至預設箝位輸出電The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail below. In the present embodiment, the switch 207 can utilize a metal oxide half-effect field transistor (MOSFET), double The carrier transistor (BJT) or other electronic components that can perform switching characteristics are implemented, and the Zener diode/zd system can be implemented by using a Zener Diode, and the Zener diode is regulated. The voltage regulation value is determined according to the characteristics of the switch 207, and the power is used as the current limiting element of the switch 207 and the voltage regulator-polar body ZD. Further, it is worth mentioning that the position of the circuit loop of the switch 207 of the present embodiment is not limited thereto. It can also be placed on the ground loop of the circuit. The sense detection unit 203 is composed of resistors R2 and R3, and it is known to those skilled in the art that the resistors R2 and R3 form a potential divider circuit. The first end of the resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the switch 207, the second end of the resistor R2 is coupled to the first end of the resistor R3 and outputs the control signal CS', and the second end of the resistor R3 is grounded. In this embodiment, the detecting unit 203 is not limited to being implemented by using a voltage dividing circuit. The user can replace and implement the comparator, the optical coupler or other electronic components capable of measuring voltage according to actual needs. The control loop unit 205 is composed of resistors R4 and R5, a transistor T1, and a shunt regulator U1. The first end of the resistor R4 is lightly connected to the first end of the switch 207. The first end of the resistor R5 is lightly connected to the second end of the resistor R4. The first end of the shunt regulator 轻 is connected to the first end of the resistor R5, and is coupled to the first end of the switch 207 through the resistor R4, and the second end of the shunt regulator U1 is grounded, and the shunt regulator U1 is connected. The third end is coupled to the second end of the resistor R2 to receive the control signal CS. The base of the transistor T1 is lightly connected to the second end of the resistor R4 through the resistor R5, and the emitter of the transistor T1 is coupled to the first end of the switch 207, and the emitter of the transistor T1 is coupled to the first end of the switch 207. The collector (c〇liect〇r) of the transistor T1 is coupled to the third end of the switch 207. In this embodiment, the resistors R4 and R5 are used as current limiting components of the shunt regulator U1 and the transistor T1, respectively, to separately protect the shunt regulator U1 and the electric crystal HT, and the shunt regulator The uh is implemented by a three-terminal shunt regulator TL-431, and the transistor T1 is a ρΝί> type transistor. The following is a description of the circuit operation principle of the voltage stabilizing circuit 200 of the present embodiment, and it is assumed that the preset clamp output voltage level is 13V, that is, the upper limit of the power supply voltage Vo is 13V to be provided to the electronic device. As the system power supply, but it is not limited thereto, the designer can change its value according to actual needs, so as to more clearly explain the effect that the clamp circuit 200 with clamp property of the embodiment can achieve. And advantages. Please continue to refer to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, according to the assumed preset clamp wheel voltage level 13V, and according to the characteristics of the shunt regulator port, that is, when the third end of the shunt regulator ui receives The voltage value of the control signal cs is 2.5V or more, and the 'parallel voltage regulation state υι system is turned on, and the voltage of the control signal CS received by the third terminal of the shunt regulator & is 2.5V to be connected in parallel. U1 is cut off. Therefore, according to the law of partial pressure, [R3/(R2+R3)]xl3V=2.5V ' can be used to calculate the resistance ratio of the resistors R2 and R3 to 21:5, which can be used according to the actual demand and the proportion of the rider. The value 'is determined by the resistance of resistors R2 and R3. Example When the resistor R3 is 100 Ω, the resistor R2 is 42 〇ΚΩ. When the power supply voltage % transmitted by the second end of the switching unit 201 is preset to the clamp output voltage level of 13V, the output of the _ unit 2G3 is controlled: the voltage value of the control PT699 21599twf.doc/n signal cs is greater than that of the electrocardiograph T1 will be turned on at the same time, and switch 207 will cut: and cut off 'and then the first block 7 of switch unit 2〇1 will continue to pass through the supplied P-, TM parasitic capacitance or parasitic resistance of the charge. The following drops to the preset clamp output
電壓V〇會被箝位至預設箝位輸出電愿準位^電/原 另外，當開關單元2〇1之第二端所 低於預設難輸”鮮位13V時， 之控制訊號CS之電壓值係合丨#。、 斤輸出 盥雷曰m V，故並聯穩壓器山 關！=會同時截止’而開關2〇7會導通，且 當下電源㈣1或料V。骑时追隨 壓V彳女丨介飞k疋非％疋之電壓源所提供之輸入電 ^曰大小’亦即此時電源電壓vo=輸入電壓Vi。據此可 二’因_ 2〇7處在全導通狀態(近似於短 實施例之穩壓電路細之消耗功率低，故效率高Λ本The voltage V〇 will be clamped to the preset clamp output power level. The power/original is another. When the second end of the switch unit 2〇1 is lower than the preset hard-to-change “fresh bit 13V, the control signal CS” The voltage value is combined with 丨#., 斤 output 盥雷曰m V, so the shunt regulator Shanguan!= will be cut off at the same time and the switch 2〇7 will be turned on, and the current power supply (4) 1 or material V. V 彳 丨 飞 飞 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 疋 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压 电压(Approximate to the short-term embodiment of the voltage regulator circuit, the power consumption is low, so the efficiency is high.
並接St:提的是，本實施例係藉由將穩壓二極體ZD 範圍备La 7之第—端與第三端之間，故輸人電壓Vi 最大。電另外’假使提升所選用之開關207的 電流時，輸出電流也會不受限制。故依據上述， 穩壓!路細可以解決先前技術之穩壓器經常 ϋ 1Α=，壓域(―般為5V〜18V)與輸出電流範圍(-叙為1A〜3A)的缺點。 除此之外，本實施例之穩壓電路2〇〇因較不受 入電壓範圍與輸出電流範_限制，故其帶負載能力亦^ 11 丄;mz:)/ PT699 21599twf.doc/i 技術之穩壓㈣帶負載能力，故而可满足電子裝置 處於輕、重载變化的需求。 、、’I上所述，本發明是提供一種穩壓電路。依據本發明 的精神册會有下列幾點優點來敘述： 1·帶負載能力佳且可以滿^電子裝置處於輕、重載變 化的需求。 2. 消耗功率低且效率高、穩定性佳。Parallel to St: In this embodiment, the input voltage Vi is maximized by placing the Zener diode ZD range between the first end and the third end of the La 7 . In addition, if the current of the selected switch 207 is boosted, the output current is also unrestricted. Therefore, according to the above, the voltage regulation can solve the shortcomings of the prior art voltage regulators, such as Α1Α=, the voltage domain (“5V~18V”) and the output current range (−1A~3A). In addition, the voltage stabilizing circuit 2 of the present embodiment is less affected by the input voltage range and the output current range, so the load carrying capacity is also 11 丄;mz:)/ PT699 21599twf.doc/i technology The voltage regulator (4) has the load capacity, so it can meet the needs of the electronic device in light and heavy load changes. According to the above, the present invention provides a voltage stabilizing circuit. The spirit book according to the present invention will have the following advantages: 1. The load carrying capacity is good and the electronic device is in need of light and heavy load changes. 2. Low power consumption, high efficiency and good stability.
3. 輸入電壓與輸出電流範圍較不受限。 4. 可降低產品製作成本。 5_依客戶輸出電壓規格上限調整預設箝位輸出電壓準 位。 雖然本發明已以較佳實施例揭露如上，然其並非用以 限^本發明，，任何熟訊技藝者，在减縣發明之精神 圍内’當可作些許之更動與潤飾，因此本發明之保護 範圍當視後附之申請專利範圍所界定者為準。 【圖式簡單說明】3. The input voltage and output current range are not limited. 4. Reduce product manufacturing costs. 5_Adjust the preset clamp output voltage level according to the customer output voltage specification upper limit. Although the present invention has been disclosed in the above preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, and any skilled artisan can make some changes and refinements in the spirit of the invention of the county. The scope of protection is subject to the definition of the scope of the patent application. [Simple description of the map]
圖1繪不為習知電源供應器與線性穩壓器的系統方塊 圖。 圖2繪不為依照本發明一實施例之穩壓電路之方塊 圖。 圖3繪示為圖2穩壓電路之電路圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 101 :電源供應器 103 :穩壓器 12Figure 1 depicts a block diagram of a system that is not a conventional power supply and linear regulator. 2 is a block diagram of a voltage stabilizing circuit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a circuit diagram of the voltage regulator circuit of FIG. 2. [Main component symbol description] 101: Power supply 103: Voltage regulator 12