200827587 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種振動能吸收裝置及具備該裝置之結構 物，為了使高級公寓等集合式住宅、事務所大樓、獨棟住 宅、以及橋樑等結構物或者隔震化結構物中產生之振動早 期衰減，而利用該振動能吸收裝置來吸收其振動能。 【先前技術】 rx 就此種振動能吸收裝置（阻尼器）而言，眾所周知有黏性 i 阻尼器、摩擦阻尼器、鉛阻尼器、鋼棒阻尼器等，該振動 能吸收裝置適用於帶有可使結構物恢復至初始位置之例如 彈簧裝置之結構物。 [專利文獻1]日本專利特開2003-287079號公報[Technical Field] The present invention relates to a vibration energy absorbing apparatus and a structure including the same, in order to make a condominium, a office building, a single-family house, a bridge, etc., such as a high-class apartment. The vibration generated in the structure or the isolated structure is attenuated early, and the vibration energy absorbing device is utilized to absorb the vibration energy. [Prior Art] rx As for such a vibration energy absorbing device (damper), a viscous i damper, a friction damper, a lead damper, a steel bar damper, etc. are known, and the vibration energy absorbing device is suitable for use with A structure such as a spring device that restores the structure to its original position. [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2003-287079
之模擬負剛度附加型半主動震動控制實驗」，土木學會第 56次年次學術講演會論文集，社團法人土木學會，平成13 年10月，P162-163 關於MR阻尼器 [非專利文獻2]家永、五十嵐、鈴木，「 (magnetorheological damper，磁流變阻尼器）應用於模擬負 剛度半主動控制之實時混合實驗」，日本地震工學會、大 會-2003梗概集，ρ268·269 [發明所欲解決之問題] 、摩擦阻尼器等振動能 應用於隔震化結構物 當將帶有彈簧裝置之黏性阻尼器 吸收裝置應用於結構物中，例如， 時，由於振動過程中，除彈簧裝置之回復力之外，振動能 H7273.doc 200827587 吸收裝置之阻力亦對結構物施加負載，因而結構物受到強 力，故必須增大受到振動能吸收裝置之阻力及彈簧裝置之 回復力的受力部位之剛度。 〃 本么明係鐾於上述諸點而完成者，其目的在於提供一種 振動能吸收裝置及具備其之結構物，該振動能吸收裝置可 使、構物之文到阻力及恢復機構回復力的受力部位之剛度 不特別大。 【發明内容】 f \ 本發明之振動能吸收裝置包括：往復移動構件，其自如 地往復移動於相對於原點位置正負之最大位移位置；減振 力產生機構，其對往復移動構件之往復移動產生減振力； 以及控制機構，其以如下方式控制減振力產生機構：於往 復移動構件之往復移動中，在自正負最大位移位置至原點 位置之各個移動方面，使減振力產生機構產生減振力，另 一方面’在繼此等移動後之自原點位置至正負最大位移位 j 置之各個移動方面，不減振力產生機構實質上產生減振 力。 根據本發明之振動能吸收裝置，利用控制機構，於往復 牙夕動構件之往復移動中，在自正負最大位移位置至原點位 置之各個移動方面，使減振力產生機構產生減振力，另一 方面，在繼此等移動後之自原點位置至正負最大位移位置 之各個移動方面，不使減振力產生機構實質上產生減振 力’因而為了結構物之減振化，即便使往復移動構件連結 於該結構物並將本振動能吸收裝置設置於結構物上，當地 H7273.doc 200827587Simulation of Negative Stiffness Additional Type Semi-Active Vibration Control Experiment, Proceedings of the 56th Annual Academic Lecture of the Society of Civil Engineers, Society of Civil Engineers, Society of the Society, October, 2013, P162-163 About MR Dampers [Non-Patent Document 2] Jia Yong, Fifty Fathoms, Suzuki, "(magnetorheological damper) is applied to simulate the real-time mixing experiment of negative stiffness semi-active control", Japan Earthquake Engineering Society, General Assembly - 2003 Synopsis, ρ268·269 [Invented to solve The problem], vibration damper and other vibration energy can be applied to the isolation structure when a viscous damper absorption device with a spring device is applied to the structure, for example, due to the vibration of the spring device In addition to the force, the vibration energy H7273.doc 200827587 The resistance of the absorption device also exerts a load on the structure, so the structure is subjected to strong force, so it is necessary to increase the rigidity of the force receiving portion by the resistance of the vibration energy absorbing device and the restoring force of the spring device. . The present invention aims to provide a vibration energy absorbing device and a structure having the same, which can make the structure of the structure to the resistance and restore the restoring force of the mechanism. The stiffness of the stressed part is not particularly large. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The vibration energy absorbing apparatus of the present invention includes: a reciprocating member that reciprocally reciprocates at a maximum displacement position that is positive and negative with respect to an origin position; and a damping force generating mechanism that reciprocates the reciprocating member a damping force is generated; and a control mechanism that controls the damping force generating mechanism to: in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member, the damping force generating mechanism in each movement from the positive and negative maximum displacement position to the origin position The damping force is generated, and on the other hand, the non-damping force generating mechanism substantially generates the damping force in terms of the movement from the origin position to the positive and negative maximum displacement position j after the movement. According to the vibration energy absorbing apparatus of the present invention, the damping mechanism generates the damping force by the damping force generating mechanism in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating toothed moving member in the respective movements from the positive and negative maximum displacement positions to the origin position. On the other hand, in the movement from the origin position to the positive and negative maximum displacement positions after the movement, the damping force generating mechanism does not substantially generate the damping force, and thus the vibration damping of the structure is made even if The reciprocating member is coupled to the structure and the vibration energy absorbing device is disposed on the structure, local H7273.doc 200827587
震等引起結構物振動時，於自原點位置至正負最大位移位 置之各個移動方面，不會於結構物之連結有往復移動構件 之部位產生由振動能吸收裝置之減振力而導致之力，因而 不必使該部位具有很強剛度，而且當地震等引起結構物振 動％，於自正負最大位移位置至原點位置之各個移動方 面，同時設置的原點恢復裝置之恢復力與振動能吸收裝置 之減振力會相互抵消，藉此亦可不必使隔震結構物之連結 有往復移動構件之部位具有很強剛度。 ΰ 本杂明之讀移動構件之正負最大位移位置根據結構物 振動大小而&化’當結構物振動大時變大，相反地當結構 物振動小時變小，而且隨著結構物振動之衰減而變小。 本發明之控制機構可控制減振力產生機構，以便於往復 移動構件之往復移動巾 移勁中在自正負最大位移位置至原點位 ，之各個移動方面，使減振力產生機構產生非零之大致一 咸振力^旦取代此，亦可控制減振力產生機構，以便 於往復移動構件之往復移動中，纟自正負最大位移位置至 原點位置之各個移動方面，使減振力產生機構 小之減振力。 祈減 减振力產生機構而言，可為利用黏性 v n<土 ^刀、 力、摩擦阻力、彈塑 f庄|且力或者此等之組合等者。 本發明之控制機構亦可 控制孔口、*、音” ㈣抆制閥而構成，該控制閥係 ^早向閥以及由該孔口通道及 之流體迴路之連通。 平门閱4形成 於本灸明之較佳例中，往彳I γϋ π 彺设私動構件包括活塞以及與該 117273.doc 200827587 活塞連結之活塞桿；減振力產生機構包括：塵紅，其往複 移動自如地容納活塞，並且活塞桿貫通；控制孔口闕，其 藉由一方埠而與壓缸内之由活塞所區劃之一方室連通，並 精由他方埠而與壓缸内之由活塞所區劃之他方室連通；及 容納於壓缸内之流體；控制機構根據活塞之往復移動而控 制控制孔口閥，以便於活塞之往復移動中，於自正負最大 位移位置至原點位置之各個移動方面，因控制孔口閥之流 體通過而產生減振力，另一方面，於繼此等移動後之自原 點位置至正負最大位移位置之各個移動方面，不因控制孔 口閥之流體通過而實質上產生減振力，此時，控制機構包 括檢測活塞往復移動之檢測機構，並利用該檢測機構來控 制控制孔口閥。 當檢測活塞之往復移動時，可使檢測機構檢測活塞自身 之往復移動，但取代此，亦可檢測活塞桿之往復移動或者 連結活塞桿之結構物之振動等。 作為流體而言，可列舉矽系流動體為較佳例，亦可為其 他流體’例如除矽系以外之油等液體。 本發明之結構物以用往復移動構件接受結構物振動之方 式連結於上述任一態樣之振動能吸收裝置，此處，結構物 可藉由層積橡膠、滑動構件、滾筒構件等而隔震化，此 時，結構物連結於振動後使結構物恢復至初始位置之恢復 枝構即可，且上述恢復機構較好的是包括介於結構物與設 置1構物之地面之間的彈性裝置，彈性裝置亦可包括層積 橡膠支承墊（Laminated Rubber Bearing)及螺旋彈簧中之至 117273.doc 200827587 少一個。 [發明之效果] 本發明可提供一種振動能吸收裝置及包括其之結構物， 該振動能吸收裝置可使結構物之受到阻力與恢復機構之^ 復力的受力部位之剛度不特別大。 【實施方式】 繼而，根據圖示之較佳例，更詳細地說明本發明及其實 施形態。再者，本發明於此等例中無任何限制。 [實施例] 圖1中’本例之振動能吸收裝置丨具備：往復移動構件 2，其於Η方向上，自如地往復移動於相對於原點位置〇(示 於圖1、圖4及圖6之位置）之正負最大位移位置1)士111仏（示於 圖3及圖5之位置）；減振力產生機構3，其對往復移動構件 2於Η方向上之往復移動產生減振力R;以及控制機構4, 其控制減振力產生機構3，以使於往復移動構件2在11方向 上之往復移動中，-方面，在Η方向上於自正負最大位移 位置D土max至原點位置〇之各個位置之移動中，使減振力 產生機構3產生固定之減振力R，另一方面，繼此等在η方 向上之移動後’在Η方向上於自原點位置〇至正負最大位 =置D士 max之各個位置之㈣中，使減振力產生機構3 實質上不產生減振力R，即，實質上產生零減振力r。 往復移動構件2具備：活塞5;活塞桿6，其固著而連結 ;、土上，以及女裝部7，其固著於活塞桿ό之一端部。 減振力產生機構3具備：壓缸10，其於Η方向上往復移動 H7273.doc 200827587 自如地容納有活塞5，且貫通有活塞桿6 ;控制孔口閥15， 其藉由一方埠12而與壓缸1〇内之由活塞5所區劃之一方室 11連通，並藉由他方埠14而與壓缸1〇内之由活塞5所區割 之他方室13連通；以及容納於壓缸1〇内之流體，例如矽油 16 ° 控制孔口閥15具有孔口通道，其中自埠12供給並流向埠 14或者自埠14供給並流向埠12之矽油16的流動受到控制， 並且直徑受到控制，因矽油16流過該孔口通道之流動阻力 而產生減振力R。 控制機構4具備：檢測活塞方向之往復移動之檢測 機構21 ;以及具備微電腦等之控制部22，根據來自檢測機 構21之檢測結果而控制控制孔口閥15之孔口通道直徑。 檢測機構21具備三個檢測器23、24及25，此等分別檢測 活塞5之位置且並排配置於H方向上；檢測器23κΗ方向 上，配置於壓缸10之大致中央位置；檢測器“ΜΗ方向 j，配置於活塞5於H1方向之大致最大可移動位置；檢測 器25於Η方向上，配置於活塞5在出方向之相反方向，即 2方向之最大可移動位置；以上述檢測器23、及μ而 言’可使用磁力感應器等非接觸式感應器。 控制部22對來自檢測機構21中檢測器以、以及以之檢測 f果進行加法、減法、微分、積分等處理，以判斷活塞5 疋否到達正負最大位移位置D士max及原點位置〇，以及活 塞5之移動方向。 控制機構4根據活塞5於η方向之往復移動，於本例中， H7273.doc 200827587 根據來自檢測機構21之檢測結果來控制控制孔口閥15，以 使活塞5於Η方向上之往復移動中，一方面，於自正負最大 位移位置D士max至原點位置〇之各個位置之移動中，因控 制孔口閥15之孔口通道中矽油16之通過而產生特定之減振 力R另一方面，繼此等移動之後，於自原點位置〇至正 負最大位移位置D土max之各個位置之移動中，不會因控制 孔口閥15之孔口通道切油16之通過而實f上產生減振力 R。 上述振動能吸收裝置丨如圖2所示，以如下方式而使用·· 一方面，為了使構造物33可相對於含有地基之地面31在11 方向（水平方向）上移動，經由轉動自如之輥32而將構造物 又置於地面3 1上，使其隔震化，並將活塞桿6經由安裝 部7而連結於構造物33上，以使振動能吸收裝置受到構造 物33在Η方向之振動，另一方面，將壓缸⑺固定於地面η 上。 使〜構物3 3恢復至初始位置之恢復機構具備彈性裝置， 忒彈性裝置包含插入於結構物33與設置有結構物33之地面 31之間的螺旋彈簧35，彈性係數為Κ之螺旋彈簧35於地震 引起結構物33在Η方向上振動時產生伸縮，—旦地震結 束則利用其回復力（彈性力）而使結構物33恢復至振動前 之初始位置（相當於原點位置〇)。對於往復移動構件2之活 塞柃6緃由安裝部7而與結構物33側之連結，當結構物μ不 動或者藉由螺旋彈膂3 5而使結構物3 3恢復至初始 位置並猙止之狀態下，如圖1所示，活塞5在H方向上，位 117273.doc -12- 200827587 於麼缸10之大致中央處，即位於原點位置〇。 於該狀態下，控制部22接受來自檢測機構21之顯示有活 基5位於原點位置〇(d = 〇)之檢測結果，並以如下方式控制 控制孔口閥15 :使控制孔口閥15之孔口通道直徑最大，換 言之，即便於控制孔口閥15之孔口通道中流動有矽油16， 實質上亦不會產生減振力R(R=〇)。例如，當結構物33因地 震而於Η方向上振動，使活塞5經由活塞桿6最先於例如圖3 所示之Η方向上在η 1方向移動時，室11側之矽油丨6經由控 制孔口閥15之孔口通道而流動至室13側，然而，在活塞$ 於H1方向上自大致中央位置（原點位置〇，d = 0)sH1方向 上之正最大位移位置（D=D+max)之移動中，減振力產生機 構3產生圖7中直線41所示之零反作用力（阻力）R，並將其 供給至活塞桿6，上述零反作用力（阻力）R由控制孔口閥15 之成為最大直徑之孔口通道而產生。 進而，如圖3所示，將活塞5移動至H1方向之正最大位移 位置（D=D+max)後，若活塞5於Η方向上向與H1方向相反之 方向即Η2方向開始移動，則接受來自檢測機構2丨之檢測結 果之控制部22判斷活塞5到達H1方向之正最大位移位置 (D=D + max)後，已於η方向上向與H1方向之相反方向即H2 方向開始移動，並立即以下述方式控制控制孔口閥丨5 :縮 小控制孔口閥15之孔口通道直徑，使矽油丨6於控制孔口閥 1 5之孔口通道上流動時，會產生固定之減振力R。若於該 狀恶下活塞5向H2方向移動，則此次室丨3側之矽油丨6經由 控制孔口閥15之孔口通道而流動至室丨丨側，因而在活塞$ 117273.doc -13- 200827587 向H2方向自正最大位移位置（]>=〇+^^4至112方向之大致中 央位置（原點位置◦，㈣）之移動中，減振力產生機構3產 生由圖7之曲線42所示之固定反作用力（阻力）r，並將其供 、。至活塞;^ 6 ’上述反作用力（阻力）R由控制孔口閥15縮小 後之孔口通道而產生。 進而，如圖3所示，將活塞5自正最大位移位置（D=D+ max)向H2方向移動後，如圖4所示，若活塞5到達大致中央 位置（原點位置〇, D=0)，則接受來自檢測機構21之檢測結 果之彳工制部22判斷活塞5已到達大致中央位置（D=〇)，並立 即以下述方式控制控制孔口閥15 :使控制孔口閥15之孔口 通道直徑最大，換言之，即便控制孔口閥15之孔口通道中 流動有矽油16，亦不會實質上產生減振力r(r=〇)。 若活塞5自壓缸10之大致中央位置（D = 〇)進而繼續向只2方 向移動，則在活塞5自H2方向之大致中央位置（D=〇)向H2 方向移動中，減振力產生機構3產生由圖7之直線43所示之 零反作用力（阻力）R，並將其供給至活塞桿6，上述零反作 用力（阻力）R由控制孔口閥15之成為最大直徑之孔口通道 而產生。 活塞5在如圖4所示之自大致中央位置（〇=〇)向H2方向之 移動中，如圖5所示，當活塞5到達H2方向之負最大位移位 置（D=-max)後，若活塞5κΗ方向上再次向與H2*向之相 反方向即H1方向開始移動，則接受來自檢測機構以之檢測 結果之控制部22判斷活塞5到達H2*向之負最大位移位置 (D=D-max)後，已於Η方向上向與H2方向之相反方向即m H7273.doc -14- 200827587 方向開始移動’並立即以下述方式控制控制孔口閥丨5 :縮 J才工制孔口閥1 5之孔口通道直徑，使矽油丨6於控制孔口閥 1 5之孔口通道中流動時，會產生固定之減振力r。若於該 狀憑下活塞5向H1方向移動，則室丨丨侧之矽油16經由控制 孔口閥15之孔口通道而向室13側流動，因而於活塞5於出 方向上，自負最大位移位置⑴=D-max)sH1方向之大致中 央位置（原點位置〇，D==0)之移動中，減振力產生機構3產 生由圖7之曲線44所不之固定反作用力（阻力，並將其供 給至活塞桿6，上述反作用力（阻力）R由控制孔口閥15縮小 後之孔口通道而產生。 進而，活塞5在如圖5所示之自負最大位移位置（d=d_ max)向HI方向移動後，圖6所示，當活塞5到達大致中央位 置（原點位置〇，D=〇)時，接受來自檢測機構21之檢測結果 之抆制部22判斷活塞5已到達大致中央位置（D=〇)，並立即 以下述方式控制控制孔口閥15 :使控制孔口閥15之孔口通 道直徑最大，換言之，即便控制孔口閥15之孔口通道中流 動有矽油16,亦不會實質上產生減振力R(R=〇)，然而，在 活塞5於H1方向上自大致中央位置（原點位置〇，d=〇)shi 方向之正最大位移位置（D=D+max)之移動中，減振力產生 機構3再次產生由圖7之直線41所示之零反作用力（阻 力）R ’並將其供給至活塞桿6。 以下，活塞5再次移動至H1方向之正最大位移位置 (D=+max)之後，活塞5在限於H2方向與扪方向上之振動中 重複上述動作，振動能吸收裝置1將由圖7之直線41、曲線 117273.doc •15- 200827587 42、直線43及曲線44所示之減振環而形成之減振力R(反作 用力R)供給至活塞桿6後，使由地震而導致之結構物3 3在H 方向上之振動衰減。繼而，於振動能吸收裝置丨中，由地 震引起結構物33在Η方向上振動之振幅及速度減小，並且 由直線41、曲線42、直線43及曲線44所示之減振環變小， 將該減振環顯示之減振作用提供給地震引起之結構物33在 Η方向上之振動，藉此，一旦結構物33之振動平息，則結 構物33可利用螺旋彈簧35之回復力而恢復至初始位置。 於結構物33之振動過程中，在活塞5所移經之η方向上之 各位置D，對結構物33負載有圖7中如回復力直線45所表示 的螺旋彈簧35之回復力R及振動能吸收裝置}之減振力R(反 作用力R)，但由於振動能吸收裝置！係對於結構物33在位 置D上之位移而具有所謂負剛度者，故結構物33所負載之 振動能吸收裝置1之減振力R與螺旋彈簧之回復力R的合力 較小’因此受到此等合力之結構物33之剛度不必特別大。 即’根據振動能吸收裝置1，利用控制機構4，於往復移 動構件2在Η方向上之往復移動中，一方面，於自正負最大 位移位置Dimax至原點位置〇之各個位置之移動中，使減 振力產生機構3產生固定之減振力，另一方面，繼此等移 動之後，於自原點位置〇至正負最大位移位置〇±111仏之各 個位置之移動中，使減振力產生機構3實質上不產生減振 力，因而為了實現結構物33之抗震化，即便使往復移動構 件2連結於該結構物33上，並將振動能吸收裝置丨設置於結 構物33上，當地震等引起結構物33振動時，於自原點位置 117273.doc -16- 200827587 0至正負最大位移位置D土max之各個位置之移動中，不會 於結構物33之連接有往復移動構件2之部位產生由振動能 吸收裝置1之減振力而導致之力，因而不必使該部位具有 很強剛度，而且，當地震等引起結構物33振動時，於自正 負最大位移位置D：tmax至原點位置〇之各個位置之移動 中，附設的螺旋彈簧35之恢復力及振動能吸收裝置丨之減When the structure vibrates due to vibration or the like, the force caused by the vibration-damping force of the vibration energy absorbing device is not generated at the portion where the reciprocating member is coupled to the structure from the position of the origin to the maximum displacement position of the positive and negative. Therefore, it is not necessary to make the portion have a strong rigidity, and when the earthquake or the like causes a vibration of the structure, the restoring force and the vibration energy of the origin recovery device are simultaneously set in the movement from the positive and negative maximum displacement position to the origin position. The damping forces of the devices cancel each other out, so that it is not necessary to have a strong rigidity in the portion of the seismic isolation structure to which the reciprocating member is coupled.正 The positive and negative maximum displacement positions of the moving parts of this reading are based on the vibration of the structure. When the structure vibrates, the structure becomes larger, and when the structure vibrates less, the vibration of the structure decreases. Become smaller. The control mechanism of the present invention can control the damping force generating mechanism to make the damping force generating mechanism generate non-zero in each movement from the positive and negative maximum displacement position to the original position in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating moving member. Instead of this, the salt vibration force can also control the damping force generating mechanism to facilitate the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member, and the damping force is generated in each movement from the positive and negative maximum displacement position to the origin position. The organization's small damping power. In the case of the damping force generating mechanism, it is possible to use the viscosity v n < soil knife, force, friction resistance, elastic molding, force or a combination thereof. The control mechanism of the present invention can also be constructed by controlling an orifice, a *, and a (4) throttle valve, and the control valve is connected to the early valve and the fluid passage of the orifice passage and the orifice. In a preferred embodiment of the moxibustion, the iliotiting member includes a piston and a piston rod coupled to the 117273.doc 200827587 piston; the damping force generating mechanism includes: dust red, which reciprocally accommodates the piston, And the piston rod is penetrated; the orifice 阙 is controlled by one side to communicate with one of the chambers of the cylinder that is partitioned by the piston, and is connected by the other side to the other chamber of the cylinder that is partitioned by the piston; And the fluid contained in the pressure cylinder; the control mechanism controls the control orifice valve according to the reciprocating movement of the piston, so as to facilitate the movement of the piston, in the movement from the positive and negative maximum displacement position to the origin position, due to the control orifice The fluid of the valve passes through to generate the damping force. On the other hand, the movement of the valve from the origin position to the positive and negative maximum displacement positions is not controlled by the fluid passing through the orifice valve. The damping force is generated qualitatively. At this time, the control mechanism includes a detecting mechanism for detecting the reciprocating movement of the piston, and the detecting mechanism is used to control the control orifice valve. When detecting the reciprocating movement of the piston, the detecting mechanism can detect the reciprocating of the piston itself. Moving, but instead of this, it is also possible to detect the reciprocating movement of the piston rod or the vibration of the structure of the piston rod. As the fluid, a lanthanide fluid is preferred, and other fluids such as mites can be used. A liquid such as an oil other than the system. The structure of the present invention is connected to the vibration energy absorbing device of any of the above aspects by receiving the vibration of the structure by the reciprocating member. Here, the structure may be laminated rubber or a sliding member. And the roller member or the like is isolated, and in this case, the structure is connected to the restored structure in which the structure is restored to the initial position after the vibration, and the recovery mechanism preferably includes the structure and the set structure. The elastic device between the ground, the elastic device may also include a laminated rubber bearing pad and a coil spring to 117273.doc 20082758 [Effect of the Invention] The present invention can provide a vibration energy absorbing apparatus and a structure including the same, which can impart rigidity to a force receiving portion of a structure which is subjected to a resistance and a restoring force of the restoring mechanism [Embodiment] The present invention and its embodiments will be described in more detail based on the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. Further, the present invention is not limited to these examples. [Embodiment] FIG. The vibration energy absorbing device of the present example includes: a reciprocating member 2 that reciprocally reciprocates in the Η direction with respect to the home position 示 (shown in the positions of Figs. 1, 4, and 6) Displacement position 1) ± 111 仏 (shown at positions of FIGS. 3 and 5); damping force generating mechanism 3 that generates a damping force R for reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member 2 in the Η direction; and a control mechanism 4, It controls the damping force generating mechanism 3 so that in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member 2 in the 11 direction, in the Η direction, at each position from the positive and negative maximum displacement position D to the origin position 〇 In the movement, the damping force generating mechanism 3, the fixed damping force R is generated, and on the other hand, after the movement in the η direction, in the Η direction, from the origin position 〇 to the positive and negative maximum position = the position where the D is max (4), The damping force generating mechanism 3 does not substantially generate the damping force R, that is, substantially generates the zero damping force r. The reciprocating member 2 is provided with a piston 5, a piston rod 6 which is fixedly coupled, a soil, and a dressing portion 7, which is fixed to one end portion of the piston rod. The damping force generating mechanism 3 includes a cylinder 10 that reciprocates in the x direction. H7273.doc 200827587 freely accommodates the piston 5 and penetrates the piston rod 6; and controls the orifice valve 15 by one side 12 Communicating with a chamber 11 partitioned by the piston 5 in the cylinder 1 and communicating with the other chamber 13 of the cylinder 1 in the cylinder 1 by the piston 5; and being accommodated in the cylinder 1 The fluid in the crucible, such as the 16 ° control orifice valve 15 , has an orifice passage in which the flow from the crucible 12 to the crucible 14 or from the crucible 14 to the crucible 12 is controlled and the diameter is controlled, The damping force R is generated by the flow resistance of the oil 16 flowing through the orifice passage. The control unit 4 includes a detecting unit 21 that detects the reciprocating movement of the piston direction, and a control unit 22 including a microcomputer, and controls the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 based on the detection result from the detecting mechanism 21. The detecting mechanism 21 includes three detectors 23, 24, and 25, which respectively detect the positions of the pistons 5 and are arranged side by side in the H direction; the detector 23 is disposed in the center of the cylinder 10 in the direction of the detector 23; the detector "ΜΗ" The direction j is disposed at a substantially maximum movable position of the piston 5 in the H1 direction; the detector 25 is disposed in the opposite direction of the piston 5 in the direction of the exit, that is, the maximum movable position in the 2 directions; And μ can use a non-contact sensor such as a magnetic sensor. The control unit 22 performs processing such as addition, subtraction, differentiation, and integration on the detector from the detecting unit 21 and detecting the result. The piston 5 reaches the positive and negative maximum displacement position D士max and the origin position 〇, and the moving direction of the piston 5. The control mechanism 4 reciprocates according to the piston 5 in the η direction, in this example, H7273.doc 200827587 based on the detection The detection result of the mechanism 21 controls the orifice valve 15 to reciprocate the piston 5 in the Η direction, on the one hand, from the positive and negative maximum displacement position D to the origin position During the movement of the position, a specific damping force R is generated by the passage of the oil 16 in the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. On the other hand, after the movement, the position from the origin position to the positive and negative maximum displacement position D During the movement of each position of the soil max, the damping force R is not generated by the passage of the orifice passage oil 16 of the control orifice valve 15. The vibration energy absorbing device is as shown in Fig. 2, as follows In other words, on the one hand, in order to move the structure 33 in the 11 direction (horizontal direction) with respect to the floor 31 containing the foundation, the structure is placed on the floor 31 again by the rotatable roller 32. The vibration is reduced, and the piston rod 6 is coupled to the structure 33 via the mounting portion 7, so that the vibration energy absorbing device is vibrated in the Η direction by the structure 33, and the cylinder (7) is fixed to the ground η on the other hand. The recovery mechanism that restores the ~3 3 to the initial position is provided with an elastic device, and the elastic device includes a coil spring 35 inserted between the structure 33 and the floor 31 provided with the structure 33, and the spring constant is a spiral of Κ Spring 35 caused by earthquake When the structure 33 vibrates in the x-direction, it expands and contracts, and when the earthquake is over, the structure 33 is restored to the initial position before the vibration (corresponding to the origin position 〇) by the restoring force (elastic force). The piston 柃6 of 2 is connected to the side of the structure 33 by the mounting portion 7, and when the structure μ is not moved or the structure 3 3 is restored to the initial position by the helical magazine 35, As shown in Fig. 1, the piston 5 is in the H direction, and the position 117273.doc -12-200827587 is at the approximate center of the cylinder 10, that is, at the origin position 〇. In this state, the control unit 22 receives the detection mechanism 21. The detection result of the active base 5 at the origin position 〇 (d = 〇) is displayed, and the control orifice valve 15 is controlled in such a manner as to maximize the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, in other words, even the control orifice The squeegee 16 flows in the orifice passage of the valve 15, and substantially no damping force R (R = 〇) is generated. For example, when the structure 33 vibrates in the x-direction due to an earthquake, the piston 5 is moved in the η 1 direction by the piston rod 6 first, for example, in the Η direction shown in FIG. 3, and the sputum sputum 6 on the chamber 11 side is controlled. The orifice passage of the orifice valve 15 flows to the chamber 13 side, however, the positive maximum displacement position in the sH1 direction from the substantially central position (origin position 〇, d = 0) in the direction of the piston $ in the H1 direction (D=D) In the movement of +max), the damping force generating mechanism 3 generates a zero reaction force (resistance) R shown by a straight line 41 in Fig. 7, and supplies it to the piston rod 6, and the above-mentioned zero reaction force (resistance) R is controlled by the control hole. The port valve 15 is created as the largest diameter orifice channel. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, after the piston 5 is moved to the positive maximum displacement position (D=D+max) in the H1 direction, if the piston 5 starts moving in the Η2 direction in the direction opposite to the H1 direction in the Η direction, The control unit 22 that has received the detection result from the detecting unit 2 determines that the piston 5 has reached the positive maximum displacement position (D=D + max) in the H1 direction, and then starts moving in the opposite direction to the H1 direction, that is, the H2 direction in the η direction. And immediately control the orifice valve 丨5 in the following manner: the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 is reduced, so that when the oil sump 6 flows on the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, a fixed reduction occurs. Vibration force R. If the piston 5 moves in the H2 direction, the oil shovel 6 on the chamber 3 side flows to the chamber side via the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, and thus the piston is at $117273.doc - 13- 200827587 In the movement of the approximate center position (origin position ◦, (4)) from the positive maximum displacement position (]>=〇+^^4 to 112 in the H2 direction, the damping force generation mechanism 3 is generated by Fig. 7 The fixed reaction force (resistance) r shown by the curve 42 is supplied to the piston; ^ 6 'The above reaction force (resistance) R is generated by the orifice passage which is narrowed by the control orifice valve 15. Further, As shown in FIG. 3, after the piston 5 is moved from the positive maximum displacement position (D=D+max) to the H2 direction, as shown in FIG. 4, if the piston 5 reaches the approximate center position (origin position 〇, D=0), Then, the processing unit 22 that receives the detection result from the detecting mechanism 21 judges that the piston 5 has reached the approximate center position (D=〇), and immediately controls the control orifice valve 15 in such a manner as to control the orifice of the orifice valve 15. The channel diameter is the largest, in other words, even if the sputum oil 16 flows in the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, it will not The damping force r (r = 〇) is generated qualitatively. If the piston 5 continues to move in only the two directions from the substantially central position (D = 〇) of the cylinder 10, the piston 5 is substantially at the center from the H2 direction (D). =〇) When moving in the H2 direction, the damping force generating mechanism 3 generates a zero reaction force (resistance) R indicated by a straight line 43 of Fig. 7 and supplies it to the piston rod 6, the above-mentioned zero reaction force (resistance) R It is produced by controlling the orifice passage of the orifice valve 15 which becomes the largest diameter. The piston 5 moves in the direction from the substantially central position (〇=〇) to the direction H2 as shown in Fig. 4, as shown in Fig. 5, when the piston 5, after reaching the negative maximum displacement position (D=-max) in the H2 direction, if the piston 5κΗ direction is again moved in the opposite direction to H2*, that is, in the H1 direction, the control unit 22 receives the detection result from the detecting mechanism. After judging that the piston 5 reaches the negative displacement position (D=D-max) of H2*, it has moved in the direction opposite to the direction of H2 in the direction of m H7273.doc -14-200827587 in the Η direction and immediately follows Mode control and control orifice valve 丨5: shrinking J to create the orifice valve diameter of the orifice valve 1 5 When the oil sump 6 flows in the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, a fixed damping force r is generated. If the lower piston 5 is moved in the H1 direction, the simmering oil 16 on the chamber side is controlled. The orifice passage of the orifice valve 15 flows toward the chamber 13 side, so that the piston 5 is at the center position of the maximum displacement position (1)=D-max)sH1 in the direction of the exit (original position 〇, D==0) In the movement, the damping force generating mechanism 3 generates a fixed reaction force (resistance which is not caused by the curve 44 of Fig. 7 and supplies it to the piston rod 6, and the reaction force (resistance) R is reduced by the control orifice valve 15 Produced by the rear orifice channel. Further, after the piston 5 is moved in the HI direction at the self-negative maximum displacement position (d=d_max) as shown in Fig. 5, as shown in Fig. 6, when the piston 5 reaches the substantially central position (origin position 〇, D = 〇) The tanning portion 22 that receives the detection result from the detecting mechanism 21 judges that the piston 5 has reached the approximate center position (D=〇), and immediately controls the control orifice valve 15 in such a manner as to control the orifice passage of the orifice valve 15. The diameter is the largest, in other words, even if the squeegee 16 flows in the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, the damping force R (R = 〇) is not substantially generated, however, the piston 5 is in a substantially central position in the H1 direction. (Original position 〇, d=〇) In the movement of the positive maximum displacement position (D=D+max) of the shi direction, the damping force generating mechanism 3 again generates the zero reaction force (resistance shown by the straight line 41 of Fig. 7). R ' and supply it to the piston rod 6. Hereinafter, after the piston 5 is again moved to the positive maximum displacement position (D=+max) in the H1 direction, the piston 5 repeats the above-described action in the vibration limited to the H2 direction and the 扪 direction, and the vibration energy absorbing device 1 will be the line 41 of FIG. The curve 117273.doc •15-200827587 42, the damping force R (reaction force R) formed by the damping ring shown by the straight line 43 and the curve 44 is supplied to the piston rod 6, and the structure 3 caused by the earthquake is caused. 3 Vibration attenuation in the H direction. Then, in the vibration energy absorbing device ,, the amplitude and velocity of the structure 33 vibrating in the x-direction by the earthquake are reduced, and the damper ring shown by the straight line 41, the curve 42, the straight line 43, and the curve 44 becomes smaller. The damping effect exhibited by the damper ring is supplied to the vibration of the structure 33 caused by the earthquake in the Η direction, whereby the structure 33 can be restored by the restoring force of the coil spring 35 once the vibration of the structure 33 subsides. To the initial position. During the vibration of the structure 33, at the respective positions D in the η direction through which the piston 5 is moved, the restoring force R and the vibration of the coil spring 35 as indicated by the restoring force line 45 in Fig. 7 are applied to the structure 33. It can absorb the damping force R (reaction force R) of the device, but it absorbs the device due to vibration! Since the displacement of the structure 33 at the position D has a so-called negative stiffness, the combined force of the vibration-damping force R of the vibration energy absorbing device 1 and the restoring force R of the coil spring is small. The stiffness of the structural members 33 of the equal force need not be particularly large. That is, according to the vibration energy absorbing device 1, in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member 2 in the Η direction by the control mechanism 4, on the one hand, in the movement from the positive and negative maximum displacement position Dimax to the position of the origin position ,, The damping force generating mechanism 3 generates a fixed damping force, and on the other hand, after the movement, the damping force is generated in the movement from the origin position 〇 to the respective positions of the positive and negative maximum displacement positions 〇±111仏. The generating mechanism 3 does not substantially generate the damping force. Therefore, in order to achieve the earthquake resistance of the structure 33, even if the reciprocating member 2 is coupled to the structure 33, and the vibration energy absorbing device is disposed on the structure 33, When the structure 33 vibrates due to an earthquake or the like, the reciprocating member 2 is not connected to the structure 33 in the movement from the origin position 117273.doc -16 - 200827587 0 to the position of the positive and negative maximum displacement position D soil max. The portion generates a force caused by the vibration damping force of the vibration energy absorbing device 1, so that it is not necessary to make the portion have a strong rigidity, and when the structure 33 vibrates due to an earthquake or the like, the maximum is self-positive In the movement of each position of the displacement position D: tmax to the origin position 〇, the restoring force of the attached coil spring 35 and the vibration energy absorbing device are reduced.
振力會相互抵消，藉此亦可不必結構物33之連結有往復移 動構件2之部位具有很強剛度。 上述結構物之例係藉由輥32而實現之隔震化結構物33， 除此而外，亦可將結構物33經由滑動構件等而設置於地面 31上，使結構物33相對於地面31可於Η方向上移動，以實 現隔震化，進而，結構物亦可為例如具有層積橡膠支承墊 之隔震化結構物，於此情形時，可省略螺旋彈簧35，而由 作為彈性裝置之層積橡膠支承墊來承擔恢復功能，進而， 結構物亦可為未實現隔震化之結構物，於此情形時，無須 將恢復機構特別設置於結構物以外之物體上，亦可使結構 物自身具備恢復功能。χ，於控制孔口閥i 5之孔口通道之 通道阻力調節後之隔震化結構物或者未經隔震化之結構物 =，可獲得由圖7之直線41、曲線52、直線43及曲線M， ，者直線41、曲線62、直線43及曲線6愤示之最佳減振 衣再者，圖7所示之曲線係用於說明之原理性曲線，實 ^上，例如曲線42與直線43未經過原點（=0)而連結，且曲 線44與直線41亦如此。 制核:構4控制減振力產生機構3之控制孔口閥1 $， H7273.doc 200827587 使控制孔口闕15之孔口料自正負最大位移位置D 士啊至 原點位置0縮小為固定直徑，除此而外，亦可以下述方式 控制減振力產生機構3之控制孔口閥15 ••於往復移動構件2 在Η方向之往復移動中，於自正負最大位移位置至 • 原、點位置0之各個位置之移動中，使控制孔口閥15之孔口 • 通道直從逐漸縮小，以使於減振力產生機構3中產生逐漸 J t $振力K ’進而’控制機構4及減振力產生機構3可 (% 寺可動作之機械構件而構成，而不包含如檢測器 24及25、控制部22及控制孔口閥1 5等電性作動構件。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係本發明之實施形態之一較佳例的說明圖。 圖2係將圖1所示之例應用於結構物之例的說明圖。 圖3係圖2所示之例之動作說明圖。 圖4係圖2所示之例之動作說明圖。 圖5係圖2所示之例之動作說明圖。 y 圖6係圖2所示之例之動作說明圖。 圖7係圖2所示之例之動作說明圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 • 1 振動能吸收裝置 2 * 往復移動構件 3 . 減振力產生機構 控制機構 117273.doc -18-The vibration forces cancel each other, whereby the portion of the structure 33 to which the reciprocating member 2 is coupled is not required to have a strong rigidity. An example of the above-described structure is a vibration-isolating structure 33 realized by a roller 32. Alternatively, the structure 33 may be placed on the floor 31 via a sliding member or the like so that the structure 33 is opposed to the ground 31. It can be moved in the Η direction to achieve vibration isolation. Further, the structure can also be, for example, a vibration-isolated structure having a laminated rubber support pad. In this case, the coil spring 35 can be omitted and used as an elastic device. The laminated rubber support pad is used for the recovery function, and further, the structure may be a structure that is not subjected to the vibration isolation. In this case, the recovery mechanism is not required to be particularly disposed on an object other than the structure, and the structure may be The object itself has a recovery function. χ, after the isolation structure of the orifice resistance of the orifice port of the control orifice valve i 5 is adjusted or the structure without the vibration isolation, the straight line 41, the curve 52, the straight line 43 of FIG. 7 and Curve M, , line 41, curve 62, line 43 and curve 6 are the best vibration-damping suits. The curve shown in Figure 7 is used to illustrate the principle curve, such as curve 42 and The straight line 43 is connected without passing through the origin (=0), and the curve 44 and the straight line 41 are also the same. Nucleation: Structure 4 controls the control orifice valve of the damping force generating mechanism 3 $, H7273.doc 200827587 The orifice material of the control orifice 阙 15 is reduced from the positive and negative maximum displacement position D to the origin position 0 to be fixed. In addition to the diameter, the control orifice valve 15 of the damping force generating mechanism 3 can also be controlled in the following manner: • In the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member 2 in the Η direction, from the positive and negative maximum displacement positions to the original During the movement of each position of the point position 0, the orifice/channel of the control orifice valve 15 is gradually narrowed downward so that the gradual J t $vibration force K ' is generated in the damping force generating mechanism 3 and the control mechanism 4 The damping force generating mechanism 3 can be configured as a mechanical member that can be operated by a temple, and does not include an electrically actuating member such as the detectors 24 and 25, the control unit 22, and the control orifice valve 15. [Simplified illustration Fig. 1 is an explanatory view showing a preferred embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an explanatory view showing an example in which the example shown in Fig. 1 is applied to a structure. Fig. 3 is an explanatory view of an operation of the example shown in Fig. 2. Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the operation of the example shown in Figure 2. Figure 5 is an example of Figure 2. Fig. 6 is an operation explanatory diagram of an example shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is an operation explanatory diagram of an example shown in Fig. 2. [Explanation of main component symbols] • 1 vibration energy absorbing device 2 * Reciprocating member 3. Damping force generation mechanism control mechanism 117273.doc -18-