JP4852946B2 - Vibration energy absorber - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vibration energy absorbing device that absorbs vibration energy in order to quickly attenuate vibration generated in a structure such as an apartment house such as an apartment, an office building, a detached house, a bridge, or a structure that has undergone seismic isolation, and The present invention relates to a structure provided with such a device.

  As this type of vibration energy absorbing device (damper), a viscous damper, a friction damper, a lead damper, a steel rod damper, and the like are known. Such a vibration energy absorbing device is, for example, a spring for returning a structure to an initial position. Applied to structures with devices.

JP 2003-287079 A Nakata, Iemura, Igarashi, “Pseudo negative stiffness added semi-active vibration control experiment of full-scale connected structure”, Proceedings of the 56th Annual Scientific Lecture Meeting, Japan Society of Civil Engineers, October 2001, p162 -163 Ionaga, Igarashi, Suzuki, “Real-time hybrid experiment on application of MR damper to quasi-negative stiffness semi-active control”, Japan Earthquake Engineering Society / Conference 2003 Summary, p268-269

  By the way, when a vibration energy absorbing device such as a viscous damper or a friction damper is applied to a structure, for example, a base-isolated structure, together with the spring device, the resistance force of the vibration energy absorbing device is added to the restoring force of the spring device during vibration. As a result, the structure receives a large force. As a result, the rigidity of the portion that receives the resistance force of the vibration energy absorbing device and the restoring force of the spring device must be increased.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and an object of the present invention is to provide vibration energy that does not require a particularly large rigidity of a portion of the structure that receives the resistance force and the restoring force of the return means. An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption device and a structure including the same.

  The vibration energy absorbing device of the present invention includes a reciprocating member capable of reciprocating positive and negative maximum displacement positions with respect to the origin position, a damping force generating means for generating a damping force with respect to the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating member, In the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member, each movement from the positive / negative maximum displacement position to the origin position generates a damping force in the damping force generating means, while each of the movement from the origin position to the positive / negative maximum displacement position follows each movement. Control means for controlling the damping force generating means so that the damping force generating means does not substantially generate a damping force during movement.

  According to the vibration energy absorbing device of the present invention, the control means causes the damping force generating means to generate a damping force in each movement from the positive / negative maximum displacement position to the origin position in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member, while these movements are generated. In each movement from the origin position to the maximum positive and negative displacement position following the step, the damping force generating means is not substantially caused to generate a damping force. Even if the vibration energy absorber is connected to the structure, the reciprocating member is connected in each movement from the origin position to the maximum positive / negative displacement position in the vibration of the structure due to an earthquake or the like. As a result, no force based on the damping force of the vibration energy absorbing device is generated at the site of the structure, so that the rigidity of the site does not have to be increased so much. In each movement from the maximum displacement position to the origin position, the return force of the origin return device arranged in parallel and the damping force of the vibration energy absorbing device cancel each other. It is not necessary to increase the rigidity of the part of the object so much.

  The maximum positive / negative displacement position of the reciprocating member according to the present invention varies depending on the magnitude of vibration of the structure, and increases when the vibration of the structure is large, and conversely decreases when the vibration of the structure is small. Moreover, it becomes smaller as the vibration of the structure is attenuated.

  The control means according to the present invention includes a damping force generating means for generating a substantially constant damping force which is not zero in the damping force generating means in each movement from the positive / negative maximum displacement position to the origin position in the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating member. However, instead of this, in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member, a damping force that gradually decreases is generated in the damping force generating means in each movement from the positive / negative maximum displacement position to the origin position. In order to achieve this, the damping force generating means may be controlled.

  Any damping force generating means may be used as long as it uses viscous resistance, viscoelastic resistance, frictional resistance, elastoplastic resistance, or a combination thereof.

  The control means in the present invention may be configured using an orifice passage, a one-way valve, and a control valve for controlling communication of a fluid circuit formed by the orifice passage and the one-way valve.

  In a preferred example of the present invention, the reciprocating member includes a piston and a piston rod connected to the piston, and the damping force generating means accommodates the piston so as to freely reciprocate and penetrates the piston rod. A cylinder, a control orifice valve communicated at one port to one chamber in the cylinder defined by the piston and communicated at the other port to the other chamber in the cylinder defined by the piston; The control means generates a damping force by passing the fluid through the control orifice valve in each movement from the positive / negative maximum displacement position to the origin position in the reciprocating movement of the piston. In each movement from the origin position to the maximum positive and negative displacement positions following these movements, fluid flow through the control orifice valve The control orifice valve is controlled based on the reciprocating motion of the piston so as not to substantially generate a damping force. In this case, the control means includes a detecting means for detecting the reciprocating motion of the piston. The control orifice valve may be controlled based on this detection means.

  When detecting the reciprocating motion of the piston, the detecting means may detect the reciprocating motion of the piston itself, but instead, the reciprocating motion of the piston rod or the vibration of the structure to which the piston rod is connected, etc. May be detected.

  As the fluid, a silicon-based fluid can be cited as a preferred example, but other fluids, for example, liquids such as oils other than silicon-based fluids may be used.

  The structure according to the present invention is connected to the vibration energy absorbing device according to any one of the above aspects so that the vibration of the structure is received by a reciprocating member. Here, the structure includes a laminated rubber, a sliding member, and a roller. The structure may be seismically isolated, and in this case, the structure may be connected to a return means for returning the structure to the initial position after vibration, and the return means is preferably a structure. An elastic device interposed between the ground where the structure is installed is provided, and the elastic device may include at least one of a laminated rubber support and a coil spring.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the vibration energy absorption apparatus which does not need to enlarge especially the rigidity of the site | part of the structure which receives resistance force and the restoring force of a return means, and a structure provided with the same can be provided.

  Next, the present invention and its embodiments will be described in more detail based on preferred examples shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples.

  In FIG. 1, the vibration energy absorbing device 1 of the present example has a positive / negative maximum displacement position D ± max (position shown in FIGS. 3 and 5) with respect to the origin position O (position shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 6). ) In the H direction, a damping force generating means 3 for generating a damping force R for the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating member 2 in the H direction, and the reciprocating member 2 in the H direction. In the movement, each movement in the H direction from the maximum positive / negative displacement position D ± max to the origin position O causes the damping force generating means 3 to generate a constant damping force R, while the origin position O following the movement in the H direction. In each movement in the H direction from the positive to negative maximum displacement position D ± max, the damping force generating means 3 does not generate a damping force R substantially, that is, the damping force so as to generate a substantially zero damping force R. And control means 4 for controlling the generating means 3.

  The reciprocating member 2 includes a piston 5, a piston rod 6 fixedly connected to the piston 5, and a mounting portion 7 fixed to one end of the piston rod 6.

  The damping force generating means 3 accommodates the piston 5 in a reciprocating manner in the H direction, and a cylinder 10 through which the piston rod 6 passes, and one chamber 11 in the cylinder 10 partitioned by the piston 5 at one port 12. A control orifice valve 15 communicated and communicated with the other chamber 13 in the cylinder 10 defined by the piston 5 through the other port 14, and a fluid accommodated in the cylinder 10, for example, silicon oil 16. It has.

  The control orifice valve 15 has an orifice passage which is supplied from the port 12 toward the port 14 or the diameter of the orifice is controlled while silicon oil 16 supplied from the port 14 toward the port 12 flows. The damping force R is generated by the flow resistance caused by the silicon oil 16 flowing through the orifice passage.

  The control unit 4 includes a detection unit 21 that detects reciprocation of the piston 5 in the H direction, and a control that includes a microcomputer that controls the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 based on the detection result from the detection unit 21. Part 22.

  The detection means 21 includes three detectors 23, 24, and 25 that detect the position of the piston 5 and are arranged side by side in the H direction. The detector 23 is an abbreviation of the cylinder 10 in the H direction. In the center position, the detector 24 is at a position where the piston 5 in the H1 direction can be moved to the maximum position in the H direction, and the detector 24 is able to move the piston 5 in the H2 direction in the direction opposite to the H1 direction in the H direction. Each of the detectors 23, 24, and 25 can be a non-contact type sensor such as a magnetic sensor.

  The control unit 22 performs processing such as addition, subtraction, differentiation, integration and the like on the detection results from the detectors 23, 24, and 25 of the detection unit 21 to the positive and negative maximum displacement positions D ± max and the origin position O of the piston 5. And the moving direction of the piston 5 are determined.

  In the reciprocating movement of the piston 5 in the H direction, the control means 4 has a predetermined damping force when the silicon oil 16 passes through the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 in each movement from the maximum positive / negative displacement position D ± max to the origin position O. On the other hand, each of the movements from the origin position O to the positive and negative maximum displacement positions ± max following these movements causes a damping force O substantially by passing the silicon oil 16 in the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. In this example, the control orifice valve 15 is controlled based on the detection result from the detection means 21 based on the reciprocation of the piston 5 in the H direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the vibration energy absorbing device 1 described above is installed on the ground 31 via a roller 32 that can roll so as to be movable in the H direction (horizontal direction) with respect to the ground 31 including the foundation. The piston rod 6 is connected to the structure 33 that has been made seismic isolation so as to receive vibration in the H direction of the structure 33 via the mounting portion 7, while the cylinder 10 is fixed to the ground 31 and used. .

  The return means for returning the structure 33 to the initial position includes an elastic device including a coil spring 35 interposed between the structure 33 and the ground 31 on which the structure 33 is installed. The coil spring 35 is expanded and contracted in the vibration of the structure 33 in the H direction due to the earthquake. When the earthquake is stopped, the structure 33 is returned to the initial position before vibration (corresponding to the origin position O) by its restoring force (elastic force). It comes to return. When the piston rod 6 is connected to the structure 33 side of the reciprocating member 2 via the mounting portion 7, the structure 33 is not vibrated, and the structure 33 is returned to the initial position by the coil spring 35 and is stationary. In this state, as shown in FIG. 1, the piston 5 is positioned substantially at the center of the cylinder 10 in the H direction, that is, at the origin position O.

  In this state, the control unit 22 that receives the detection result from the detection means 21 indicating that the piston 5 exists at the origin position O (D = 0) maximizes the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. In other words, the control orifice valve 15 is controlled so that the damping force R is not substantially generated (R = 0) even if the silicon oil 16 flows into the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. When the structure 33 is vibrated in the H direction by an earthquake and the piston 5 is first moved in the H1 direction in the H direction through the piston rod 6, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the silicon oil 16 on the chamber 11 side is controlled. The damping force generating means 3 flows to the chamber 13 side through the orifice passage of the orifice valve 15, and the damping force generating means 3 is moved from the substantially central position (origin position O, D = 0) to the positive maximum displacement position (D = D + max), the piston 5 moves in the H1 direction to generate a zero reaction force (resistance) R indicated by a straight line 41 in FIG. It will be given to the rod 6.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, after the piston 5 is moved to the positive maximum displacement position (D = D + max) in the H1 direction, the piston 5 starts to move in the H2 direction which is the opposite direction to the H1 direction in the H direction. Then, the control unit 22 that receives the detection result from the detection means 21 reaches the positive maximum displacement position (D = D + max) in the H1 direction when the piston 5 reaches the H2 direction, which is the opposite direction to the H1 direction in the H direction. As soon as it is determined that the movement has started, the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 is reduced, and when the silicon oil 16 flows through the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, a constant damping force R is generated. The control orifice valve 15 is controlled. In this state, when the piston 5 is moved in the H2 direction, this time, the silicone oil 16 on the chamber 13 side flows to the chamber 11 side through the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, so that the damping force generating means 3 is The movement of the piston 5 in the H2 direction from the positive maximum displacement position (D = D + max) to the substantially central position in the H2 direction (origin position O, D = 0) is based on the reduced orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. A constant reaction force (resistance) R indicated by a curve 42 in FIG. 7 is generated and applied to the piston rod 6.

  Further, after the piston 5 is moved in the H2 direction from the positive maximum displacement position (D = D + max) as shown in FIG. 3, the piston 5 is moved to a substantially central position (origin position O, D = 0) as shown in FIG. ), The control unit 22 that receives the detection result from the detection means 21 determines that the piston 5 has reached the substantially central position (D = 0), and immediately determines the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. In other words, the control orifice valve 15 is controlled so that the damping force R is not substantially generated (R = 0) even if the silicon oil 16 flows into the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 so as to maximize the diameter. To do.

  When the piston 5 is continuously moved in the H2 direction from the substantially central position (D = 0) of the cylinder 10, the damping force generating means 3 moves from the substantially central position (D = 0) of the piston 5 in the H2 direction to H2. In the direction movement, a zero reaction force (resistance) R indicated by a straight line 43 in FIG. 7 based on the orifice passage having the maximum diameter of the control orifice valve 15 is generated and applied to the piston rod 6.

  As shown in FIG. 4, after the piston 5 reaches the negative maximum displacement position (D = −max) in the H2 direction as shown in FIG. 5 by the movement in the H2 direction from the substantially central position (D = 0), the piston 5 When the control unit 22 that receives the detection result from the detection means 21 starts to move again in the H1 direction, which is the opposite direction to the H2 direction in the H direction, the piston 5 causes the negative maximum displacement position (D = D− max), and in the H direction, it is determined that the movement has started in the H1 direction opposite to the H2 direction, and immediately, the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 is reduced to reduce the control orifice valve 15 The control orifice valve 15 is controlled so as to generate a constant damping force R when the silicon oil 16 flows through the orifice passage. In this state, when the piston 5 is moved in the H1 direction, the silicon oil 16 on the chamber 11 side again flows to the chamber 13 side through the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15, so that the damping force generating means 3 is negative. In the movement of the piston 5 in the H1 direction from the maximum displacement position (D = D−max) of the piston 5 to the substantially central position (origin position O, D = 0) in the H1 direction, it is based on the reduced orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. A constant reaction force (resistance) R indicated by a curve 44 in FIG. 7 is generated and applied to the piston rod 6.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, after the piston 5 is moved in the H1 direction from the negative maximum displacement position (D = D−max), the piston 5 is moved to a substantially central position (origin positions O, D as shown in FIG. 6). = 0), the control unit 22 that receives the detection result from the detection means 21 determines that the piston 5 has reached the substantially central position (D = 0), and immediately determines the orifice of the control orifice valve 15 In order to maximize the diameter of the passage, in other words, the control orifice valve 15 does not substantially generate the damping force R (R = 0) even if the silicon oil 16 flows into the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15. Therefore, the damping force generating means 3 moves the piston 5 in the H1 direction from the substantially central position (origin position O, D = 0) to the positive maximum displacement position (D = D + max) in the H1 direction. Then, again in FIG. Reaction force of zero indicated by 41 (resistance) to generate R would be provided to the piston rod 6.

  Thereafter, after the piston 5 is moved again to the positive maximum displacement position (D = + max) in the H1 direction, the above-described operation is repeated as long as the piston 5 vibrates in the H2 direction and the H1 direction. 1 shows that the damping force R (reaction force R) composed of the damping loops indicated by the straight line 41, the curved line 42, the straight line 43, and the curved line 44 shown in FIG. Damping direction vibration. In the vibration energy absorbing device 1, the attenuation loop indicated by the straight line 41, the curve 42, the straight line 43, and the curve 44 becomes smaller as the amplitude and speed of the vibration in the H direction due to the earthquake of the structure 33 are reduced. The damping shown is applied to the vibration in the H direction due to the earthquake of the structure 33. When the vibration of the structure 33 is settled, the structure 33 is arranged at the initial position by the restoring force of the coil spring 35.

  By the way, during the vibration of the structure 33, the structure 33 receives the restoring force R and vibration of the coil spring 35 as represented by the restoring force straight line 45 shown in FIG. 7 for each position D in the H direction of the piston 5. The damping force R (reaction force R) of the energy absorbing device 1 is loaded, but the vibration energy absorbing device 1 has a so-called negative rigidity with respect to the displacement of the position D of the structure 33. Therefore, the resultant force of the damping force R of the vibration energy absorbing device 1 loaded on the structure 33 and the restoring force R of the coil spring becomes relatively small, and the rigidity of the structure 33 that receives the resultant force is particularly increased. You do n’t have to.

  That is, according to the vibration energy absorbing device 1, the control means 4 causes the damping force generating means 3 to move to the origin position O from the maximum positive / negative displacement position D ± max in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member 2 in the H direction. While a constant damping force is generated, each of the movements from the origin position O to the positive and negative maximum displacement positions D ± max following these movements does not substantially cause the damping force generating means 3 to generate a damping force. Therefore, even if the reciprocating member 2 is connected to the structure 33 and the vibration energy absorbing device 1 is installed in the structure 33 for damping the structure 33, the vibration of the structure 33 due to an earthquake or the like As a result, in each movement from the origin position O to the maximum positive / negative displacement position D ± max, a force based on the damping force of the vibration energy absorbing device 1 is not generated in the portion of the structure 33 to which the reciprocating member 2 is connected. , The part Further, the return force of the coil springs 35 arranged in parallel is not required for each movement from the maximum positive / negative displacement position D ± max to the origin position O in the vibration of the structure 33 due to an earthquake or the like. As a result, the damping force of the vibration energy absorbing device 1 is canceled out. As a result, the rigidity of the portion of the structure 33 to which the reciprocating member 2 is coupled does not have to be increased so much.

  The above is an example of the structure 33 that has been seismically isolated by the rollers 32, but instead of this, the ground 31 so that the structure 33 can be moved in the H direction with respect to the ground 31 via a sliding member or the like. It may be installed on the base to make it seismically isolated, or, for example, it may be a structure that is made base-isolated by a laminated rubber bearing. In this case, the coil spring 35 is omitted, and the laminated rubber bearing as an elastic device is used. May have a return function, and the structure may be a structure that is not seismically isolated. In this case, the return means should not be provided separately from the structure. The structure itself may be provided with a return function. Further, the structure of the control orifice valve 15 is controlled by adjusting the passage resistance of the orifice passage, or the structure which has been made seismic isolation or the structure which has not been subjected to the seismic isolation, the straight line 41, the curve 52, the straight line 43 and the curved line 54 or the straight line 41 in FIG. An optimum attenuation loop represented by the curve 62, the straight line 43, and the curve 64 may be obtained. Note that the curve shown in FIG. 7 is a principle curve for explanation. Actually, for example, the curve 42 and the straight line 43 are connected without passing through the origin (= 0). The same applies to 44 and the straight line 41.

  Further, the control means 4 controls the control orifice valve of the damping force generating means 3 so that the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 has a constant reduced diameter from the positive / negative maximum displacement position D ± max to the origin position O. However, instead of this, in the reciprocating movement of the reciprocating member 2 in the H direction, the damping force generating means 3 gradually decreases in each movement from the positive / negative maximum displacement position D ± max to the origin position O. In order to generate the damping force R, the control orifice valve 15 of the damping force generating means 3 may be controlled so that the diameter of the orifice passage of the control orifice valve 15 is gradually reduced. The generating means 3 may be constituted by a mechanical device that can operate even in the event of a power failure without including electrically operating devices such as the detectors 23, 24 and 25, the control unit 22 and the control orifice valve 15. Yes.

It is explanatory drawing of a preferable example of embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the example which used the example shown in FIG. 1 for a structure. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the example shown in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the example shown in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the example shown in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the example shown in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the example shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vibration energy absorber 2 Reciprocating member 3 Damping force generation means 4 Control means

Claims (9)

A reciprocating member that receives vibration from a structure that is returned to an initial position after vibration by an elastic device, and that can reciprocate positive and negative maximum displacement positions with respect to the origin position, and reciprocation of the reciprocating member. a damping force generating means for generating a damping force against movement relative to the mobile on the damping force generating means is moved each towards the said origin position from the maximum displacement position of the negative to the home position in the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating member while generating a damping force Te, substantially damping force to the mobile in the damping force generating means in the respective movement toward the maximum displacement position of the positive and negative from the original position following these move to maximum displacement position of the positive and negative A vibration energy absorbing device comprising: control means for controlling the damping force generating means so as not to cause a vibration. Control means to produce a substantially constant damping force to the damping force generating means in the mobile respective toward the origin position from the maximum displacement position of the negative to the home position in the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating member, the damping force generating means 2. The vibration energy absorbing device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration energy absorbing device is controlled. Control means to produce a damping force which gradually decreases the damping force generating means in the mobile respective toward the origin position from the maximum displacement position of the negative to the home position in the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating member, the damping force generating means The vibration energy absorbing device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration energy absorbing device is controlled. The reciprocating member includes a piston and a piston rod coupled to the piston, and the damping force generating means is defined by the piston and the cylinder through which the piston rod penetrates while the piston is reciprocally received. A control orifice valve communicated with one chamber in the cylinder at one port and communicated at the other port with the other chamber in the cylinder defined by the piston; and a fluid contained in the cylinder; and comprising a control means, a damping force to the mobile in the home position movement of each towards the in reciprocating motion of the piston from the maximum displacement position of the negative to the home position in the passage of fluid in the control orifice valve while causing the movement of the husband toward the maximum displacement position of the positive and negative from the original position following these move to maximum displacement position of the positive and negative s Claim 1 which is adapted to control the control orifice valve on the basis of the reciprocating motion of the piston so as not to cause substantial damping force 3 to the mobile at the passage of the fluid at the control orifice valve The vibration energy absorbing device according to one item.   5. The vibration energy absorbing device according to claim 4, wherein the control means includes detection means for detecting reciprocation of the piston, and controls the control orifice valve based on the detection means.   A structure connected to the vibration energy absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 so that the vibration of the structure is received by the reciprocating member.   The structure according to claim 6, wherein the structure is seismically isolated and is connected to return means for returning the structure to its initial position after vibration.   The structure according to claim 7, wherein the return means includes an elastic device interposed between the structure and the ground on which the structure is installed. The structure according to claim 8, wherein the elastic device includes at least one of a laminated rubber support and a coil spring.

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