200820536607 九、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及一種兩線開關裝置。 ' 【先前技術】 * 近年來，電動操縱的配線設備正變得越來越普遍。與 此相關，用作非接觸開關元件的三端雙向閘流體（TRIAC ) 或閘流體廣泛地用作電子開關裝置的開關元件。 然而，在兩線型開關裝置（即，兩線開關裝置）中， ® 爲了節省配線，其開關元件連接在串聯的AC電派和負載 的各端之間（即，負載連接在開關元件的兩端之間，其中 一端經由AC電源連接到負載）。由於在這種結構中，電 源電纜不能單獨地插入開關裝置，因此，固定該開關裝置 的電源就成爲問題。 爲了解决上述問題，提出了一種具有圖8所示電路結 構的兩線開關裝置100 (例如參見曰本專利申請公報No. HI 1-237925 (圖 ί)、2000-133473 (圖1)和 2001-16804 Φ (圖 1 ))。 兩線開關裝置100是主要以嵌入室内牆壁中的狀態使 用的兩線型配線裝置，其例如通過從室内安裝的開關盒延 ’ 伸的兩條商用電源的室内電線，連接到商用電源和負載。 ^ 如圖8所示，兩線開關裝置100包括主開關單元2、整流 單元3、第一電源單元4、第二電源單元5、穩定單元6、 控制單元7和副開關單元8。 下面，將參考圖8來詳細說明兩線開關裝置100。如 6 607 200820536 圖8所示，開關裝置100具有端子T1和丁2，該端 和Τ2將要連接到串聯的AC電源（商 控制的負載LF (例如，發先亓杜Λ和要破 氣扇等等Γ的= 件，如白熾燈或營光燈、換 而且’如圖8所示，由三端雙向間六w 單元2連接在端子T1和T2之間。^構成;， m 使其中—個端子經由AC電源 端之門時’負㈣連接在主開關單元2的兩 而之:使侍其中的一端經由Ac電源Ac連接到負 利用這種方法，AC電源AC、負截了 、 2形成閉合電路。在這個閉合電路中負載主開關單元 ，从電源AC給負載LF提供足以;== 功率，而如果主開關單元2截正，Ac带A ^ LF提供足以操作負載LF的電功率。下：源二不給負載 到端子T2的另一端稱爲‘‘負載侧料，， 而將連接 和電波(，抑_ Ζ ，電感器L連接在主開關單 :^用作。呆聲遽波 整流單元3例如具有 而子丁2之間。 輸入端子”）和一對輪出端子（下二:下“面稱爲“AC 子’’），幷且該整流單元3由二極顺％局DC輪出端 電源AC輸出的AC電流整流，以^構成’用於對從AC 單元3中，—個AC _ ；，L 輪出整流電流。在整流 個心人㈣私顺AG電源= -607 200820536 接的主開關早兀2的雷调彳日I & 到細的-端):Γ (即，主開關單元2連接 載LF連接的主開關单元另2—1AC輸人=_合到與負 Μ I、+、 凡2的負載侧端子（即，電耦合到 而 、处主開關單元2的另一端）和閘極端子。 =’閘極驅動電路連接在整流單元3的另—個AC 主開關單712的負載侧端子之間，該閘極驅動 :路由…C2和電阻器R1幷聯構成，該電容器。和 ^阻^ R1肖於通過向其施加大於或等於規定的閾 f _的麵來導通主開關單元2。因此，如果= 單兀3的DC輸出端子短路，則閘極電舰施加 單元2的閘極端子。 開關 /第=電源單元4包括電阻器R2，其—端連接到整 兀】的南電壓DC輸出端子；電晶體Q1，其集極連接 阻器R2的另一端；電阻器R3，連接在電晶體qi的集極200820536607 IX. Description of the Invention: [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a two-wire switching device. [Prior Art] * In recent years, electric-operated wiring devices are becoming more and more popular. In connection with this, a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (TRIAC) or thyristor used as a non-contact switching element is widely used as a switching element of an electronic switching device. However, in a two-wire type switching device (ie, a two-wire switching device), in order to save wiring, its switching elements are connected between the AC bank in series and the respective ends of the load (ie, the load is connected at both ends of the switching element) Between, one end is connected to the load via an AC power source). Since the power cable cannot be separately inserted into the switching device in this configuration, fixing the power of the switching device becomes a problem. In order to solve the above problems, a two-wire switching device 100 having the circuit structure shown in Fig. 8 has been proposed (see, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HI 1-237925 (Fig. 1), 2000-133473 (Fig. 1), and 2001- 16804 Φ (Fig. 1)). The two-wire switching device 100 is a two-wire type wiring device mainly used in a state of being embedded in an indoor wall, and is connected to a commercial power source and a load, for example, by an indoor electric wire of two commercial power sources extending from a switch box mounted indoors. As shown in Fig. 8, the two-wire switching device 100 includes a main switching unit 2, a rectifying unit 3, a first power supply unit 4, a second power supply unit 5, a stabilizing unit 6, a control unit 7, and a sub-switch unit 8. Next, the two-wire switching device 100 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. As shown in Fig. 8, the switching device 100 has terminals T1 and D2, which are to be connected to the AC power supply in series (the quotient controlled load LF (for example, the first 亓 亓 Λ and the blast fan, etc.) Equally, such as an incandescent lamp or a camperlight, and changed and 'as shown in Fig. 8, is connected between the terminals T1 and T2 by a three-terminal bi-directional six-w unit 2. ^;; m makes one of them When the terminal is connected to the gate of the AC power terminal, 'negative (four) is connected to the main switch unit 2: one end of the waiter is connected to the negative via the Ac power source Ac. The AC power source AC, the negative cutoff, and the 2 form the closed Circuit. The main switch unit is loaded in this closed circuit, and sufficient power is supplied from the power supply AC to the load LF; == power, and if the main switch unit 2 is cut, the Ac band A ^ LF provides sufficient electric power to operate the load LF. The other end of the load T2 is not called the load side material, but the connection and the electric wave (, _ Ζ , the inductor L is connected to the main switch unit: ^ is used. The sound chord rectification unit 3 For example, there is a pair between the two. Input terminal ") and a pair of wheel terminals (lower two: lower "face" is called "AC sub''), and the rectifying unit 3 is rectified by the AC current output from the power supply AC output of the two-pole sinus DC winding terminal, and is configured to be used for the slave AC unit 3. AC _ ;, L turns out the rectified current. In the rectification of the heart (four) singular AG power = -607 200820536 connected to the main switch early 兀 2 thunder 彳 I & to fine - end): Γ (ie, The main switch unit 2 is connected to the main switch unit of the LF connection. The other 2-1 AC input = _ is connected to the load side terminal of the negative Μ I, +, 凡 2 (ie, electrically coupled to the other, the other of the main switch unit 2 One end) and the gate terminal. = 'The gate drive circuit is connected between the load side terminals of the other AC main switch unit 712 of the rectifying unit 3, and the gate drive: the route ... C2 and the resistor R1 are connected in series. The capacitor and the resistor R7 are turned on to turn on the main switching unit 2 by applying a surface greater than or equal to a prescribed threshold f_. Therefore, if the DC output terminal of the single-turn 3 is short-circuited, the gate is applied by the gate electric ship. The gate terminal of the unit 2. The switch / the first power supply unit 4 includes a resistor R2 whose terminal is connected to the entire south voltage DC output terminal; Body Q1, its collector connected to the other end of the resistor R2; a collector resistor R3, a transistor connected to the source qi
和基極之間；齊納二極體ZD1，其陰極連接到電晶體、W 的基極’而其陽極連接到地；以及電阻器R4，其一端 到電晶體Q1的射極。利用第-電源單it 4的這種結構， 包/；丨1被弘阻态R2和R4限制，而電壓被齊納二極體保持和 调整，因而可以基於錢單元3的輸自綠供具錢 壓的DC電源。 ^ 、此外，已經通過齊納二極體ZD1的電流通過該接地 而返回到整流單元3的低電壓DC輸出端子。然後，該： 流從端子T2提供給負載LF。然而，爲了防止負載❹^ 該電流誤操作，將第一電源單元4的阻抗設置得相對内。 607 607200820536 此外，儘管所示實例中的 帝。_ 咖），但是也可以使用門二t早70 4疋滴管型（d，er 第二電源單元/Si1型電源裝置來代替它。 和穩定單元6之間，晶體Q2，其插在整流單元3 Q3，其是用作致能單元f+導體開關元件；以及電晶體 關單元，用於藉由通/截止轉換單元）的半導體開 Q20 #如工制早π7的控制來導通和截止電晶體 連接5 i ΐ:Τ;第二電源電壓5包括電晶體Q2，其射極 R5和匕: 的高電請輸出端子;幷聯的電阻器 ’連接在電晶體Q2的射極和基極之間； :隹為6 ’，、—端連接到電晶體Q 2的基極；電晶體Q 3， ς木，連接到電阻器R6的另一端，而其射極連接到地； 琶=' R7連接在電晶體Q3的射極和基極之間丨齊納二 極體ZD2，其陰極連接到電晶體Q2的集極；以及二極體 D，其陽極連接到一個節點，齊納二極體ZD2在該節點處 連接到電晶體Q2的集極，甩於抑制.反向·電流 在第二電源單元5中，如果電晶體Q3導通，則電晶 體Q2導通，以輸出規定電壓的Dc功率給穩定單元6。因 此’如果整流單元3的輸出電壓變得高於閾值位準（即， 如果齊納二極體ZD2的陰極電壓變得高於或等於擊穿電 壓）’則整流單元3提供的電流通過齊納二極體ZD2，然 後輪出到副開關單元8 (即，齊納二極體ZD2的漏電流輪 出到副開關單元8)。 利用第二電源單元5的這種結構，電壓被齊納二極體 -607 -607200820536 幷調整’使得可以基於整流單元3的輸出來提供 規疋電壓的DC電源。 J定單元6用於穩定從第—電源單元4或第二電源單 的DC電源。穩定後的輸出（即，穩定單元6已 Ά =輪出）用作控制單幻的操作電源。 6包括三端調整器RG，其輸入端子連接到 Π —端和第二電源單元5中的二極體D的陰 ^而且嘴作緩衝器的電解電容器以接在 周 ^:=_;且幷聯的電容器C4與刪 解ί容哭^ ^ 端調整器㈣的輸出端子之間。電 敕。、％谷咨C4和電解電容器C5用於穩定三端碉 正益RG的操作，根據調整來設置它們的電容。 咬第此V作=器的電解電容器以第-電源單元4 ^弟一…原早凡5提供的Dc電源來充電。因此 弟一電源單元4也不從第二電源單元5提供沉=攸 電解電容器B提供DC電源給穩定單无6 f .甩私’ .控制單Λ 7由例如CPU等構成。如果於制 ，，置等接收到表示開始從AC電源二向‘=二 私的仏唬，則控制單元輸出控制電流到第二帝二—i、 的電晶體Q3的基極，從而導通電晶體你^^ 5中 ，晶體Q2導通，以開始第二電源單元5的操作:月况下， 第二電源單元5提供DC電源）。 ·、 即’從 副開關單元8由閘流體構成，其中閘流體干 S到整流早TC3的高電M DC輸出端子，其陰極/电輕 ^ 嘵輕合到 -607 200820536 整ML單元3的低電壓DC輸出端子，幷且其閘極連接到第 二電源單元5中的齊納二極體ZD2的陽極。此外，電阻哭 R8連接在副開關單元8的陽極和整流單元3之間；幷且閘 極驅動黾路連接在副開關單元8的閘極和陰極之間，其中 閑極驅動電路由幷聯的電容器C6和電阻器R9構，^ 被用於副開關單元8。 ，、知 在副開關單元8中，電容器C6由齊鈉二極體ZD2提 ，的電流（即，ZD2的漏電流）來充電。因此，如果電容 =、C6的電壓變得高於或等於閾值位準，則副開關單元8 &通，使整流單元3的DC輸出端子短路。 下面，將參考圖8和圖9來說明兩線開關裝 這^假設主開關元件2、副開關元件“及Ϊ 日日脰Q2和Q3在初始狀態下是戴止的。 在初始狀態，由於主開關單元2截止，Ac :提=足:J網載LF，幷且負載LF的操:保持停 亡因二：AC電源AC.，AC電流由整流單元 第 甩源早兀4基轸整流單元3的輸出 弗 壓的DC電源。第一電源單元4=⑽輪出規定電 釋定蛋— 雨出的DC電源提供认 電=产穩定單，上 電源，由此給控制單元7提供操作g控制早^的操作 此外，如果控制單元7從外部Between the base and the base; the Zener diode ZD1 has its cathode connected to the transistor, the base of W and its anode connected to ground; and a resistor R4 with one end to the emitter of transistor Q1. With this configuration of the first-power supply unit it 4, the package /; 丨 1 is limited by the red resistance states R2 and R4, and the voltage is held and adjusted by the Zener diode, and thus can be based on the money supply unit 3 from the green supply Money power DC power. ^ In addition, the current that has passed through the Zener diode ZD1 is returned to the low voltage DC output terminal of the rectifying unit 3 through the ground. Then: the stream is supplied from the terminal T2 to the load LF. However, in order to prevent the load from being erroneously operated, the impedance of the first power supply unit 4 is set relatively inward. 607 607200820536 Additionally, despite the example shown in the Emperor. _ 咖), but you can also use the door 2 t early 70 4 疋 dropper type (d, er second power supply unit / Si1 type power supply unit to replace it. Between the stabilization unit 6, crystal Q2, which is inserted in the rectifier unit 3 Q3, which is used as an enabling unit f+conductor switching element; and a transistor off unit for turning on and off the transistor connection by the semiconductor opening Q20 of the on/off switching unit) 5 i ΐ: Τ; the second power supply voltage 5 includes the transistor Q2, the emitters of the emitters R5 and 匕: the output terminal; the coupled resistor 'connected between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q2; : 隹 is 6 ', the - terminal is connected to the base of the transistor Q 2 ; the transistor Q 3, the eucalyptus is connected to the other end of the resistor R6, and the emitter is connected to the ground; 琶 = ' R7 is connected The Zener diode ZD2 between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q3 has its cathode connected to the collector of the transistor Q2; and the diode D has its anode connected to a node, and the Zener diode ZD2 is The node is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, which is suppressed. The reverse current is in the second power supply unit 5 if the transistor Q3 is turned on. Then, the electric crystal Q2 is turned on to output the DC power of the predetermined voltage to the stabilizing unit 6. Therefore 'if the output voltage of the rectifying unit 3 becomes higher than the threshold level (ie, if the cathode voltage of the Zener diode ZD2 becomes higher than or equal to the breakdown voltage)' then the current supplied by the rectifying unit 3 passes through the Zener The diode ZD2 is then turned out to the sub-switch unit 8 (i.e., the leakage current of the Zener diode ZD2 is turned out to the sub-switch unit 8). With this configuration of the second power supply unit 5, the voltage is adjusted by the Zener diode -607 - 607200820536 ’ so that the DC power supply of the regulated voltage can be supplied based on the output of the rectifying unit 3. The J-station unit 6 is for stabilizing the DC power source from the first power supply unit 4 or the second power supply unit. The stabilized output (i.e., the stabilizing unit 6 has been turned on) is used as an operating power source for controlling the single magic. 6 includes a three-terminal regulator RG whose input terminal is connected to the cathode of the diode D in the second terminal and the second power supply unit 5, and the electrolytic capacitor of the mouth is used as a buffer to be connected to the ^^==; The capacitor C4 is connected with the output terminal of the trimmer (4). Electric 敕. , 谷谷C4 and electrolytic capacitor C5 are used to stabilize the operation of the three-terminal 碉 positive RG, and their capacitance is set according to the adjustment. The electrolytic capacitor that bites the V device is charged by the Dc power supply provided by the first power supply unit. Therefore, the power supply unit 4 does not supply the sink from the second power supply unit 5. The electrolytic capacitor B supplies DC power to the stable unit. The control unit 7 is constituted by, for example, a CPU or the like. If it is in the system, the receiving unit receives a signal indicating that the second direction of the AC power source is '=two privates, the control unit outputs a control current to the base of the transistor Q3 of the second emperor-i, thereby conducting the crystal. In your ^^5, the crystal Q2 is turned on to start the operation of the second power supply unit 5: in the case of a month, the second power supply unit 5 supplies DC power). ·, that is, 'from the sub-switch unit 8 is composed of thyristor, wherein the thyristor S is rectified to the high-voltage M DC output terminal of the rectification early TC3, and the cathode/electrical light is lightly coupled to -607 200820536. A voltage DC output terminal, and its gate is connected to the anode of the Zener diode ZD2 in the second power supply unit 5. Further, the resistor crying R8 is connected between the anode of the sub-switch unit 8 and the rectifying unit 3; and the gate driving circuit is connected between the gate and the cathode of the sub-switch unit 8, wherein the idle driving circuit is connected by The capacitor C6 and the resistor R9 are used for the sub-switch unit 8. In the sub-switch unit 8, the capacitor C6 is charged by the current (i.e., the leakage current of ZD2) extracted by the sodium-sodium diode ZD2. Therefore, if the voltage of capacitance =, C6 becomes higher than or equal to the threshold level, the sub-switch unit 8 & turns on, short-circuits the DC output terminal of the rectifying unit 3. Next, the two-wire switch will be described with reference to Figs. 8 and 9. It is assumed that the main switching element 2, the sub-switching element "and the day and day 脰Q2 and Q3 are worn in the initial state. In the initial state, due to the main Switch unit 2 is cut off, Ac: mention = foot: J net load LF, and load LF operation: keep dead due to two: AC power AC. AC current is rectified by the rectifier unit as early as 4 轸 rectification unit 3 The output power of the DC power supply. The first power supply unit 4 = (10) rounds out the specified electric release of the egg - the rain out of the DC power supply provides the power = production stable single, the power supply, thereby providing the control unit 7 with operation g control early ^ operation in addition, if the control unit 7 is external
電源AC向負载LF供電的請/目^衣置。寺接收到從AC 電流給第二電源單元5中的體、’ J ::: 7輪出控制 电曰日肢Q3的基極，從而導通 200820536· 電晶體Q3。電晶體Q3導通後，電晶體q2的基極電壓就 降低，從而使電晶體Q2導通。然後，第二電源單元$提 供規定電壓的DC電源。在這裡，整流單元3的輸出如此 • 配置著，使其主要輸入到第二電源單元5，幷且幾乎不輸 - 入到第一電源單元4。 如上所述，在從第二電源單元5提供DC電源的同時， 由該DC電源對電解電容器6充電（在圖9中的時間 tl )。此外，如果苐一電源單元5中的齊納二極體ZD2 春的陰極電壓變得高於或等於擊穿電壓，則整流單元3的輸 出經由背納二極體ZD2輸出到副開關單元$。 ^ 攸背納一極體ZD2 ^供的電流（即，齊納二極體ZD] 的漏電流）對副開關單元8的閘極驅動電路中的電容器C6 充電。因此，如果電容器、C6白勺電壓變得高於或等於閾值 位準，則副開關單元8導通，從而使整流單元3的Dc輸 出端子短路（在圖9的時間“t2”）。 ，…一 ·在整流單元3·的DC输世端子短路時，—從整流單.无3 ⑩ 的鬲電壓DC輸出端子提供的電流經由電阻器R8輸入低 電壓DC輸出端子。此後，該電流從整流單元3的另一個 AC輪入端子輸出，從而對主開關單元2的閘極驅動電路 中的電容器C2充電。 ‘ 然後，如果電容器C2的電壓變得高於或等於閾值位 則主開關單元2導通（在圖9的時間“t3”），由此 提i、充足的電流給負載以啓動其操作。 在負載LF的操作如上所述啓動之後，主開關單元2 12 •607 200820536 在AC電源AC的過零點處從導耜… 從AC電源向負載jjp供電。然/換爲截止，從而停止 出電壓升高，使得第二電源單元5如果整流單元3的輸 陰極電壓變得高於或等於擊穿電廯中的背納二極體ZD2的 的電流經由齊納二極體ZD2輪^之，則從整流單元3提供 過上述操作以導通副開閗單元\到副開關單元8,從而通 操作給負载LF供電 μ 8°此後，通過重複同樣的 此外’如果控制單元7接 負載LF供電的請求，則控制 ^止從AC電源AC向 晶體Q3，因而截止此電晶體兀：止輸出控制電流給電 止第二電源單元5中的電晶2’该電晶體Q3反過來截 /如上所述，在傳統的兩^關y吏其回到初始狀態。 兀AC供電給負載LF時，萨坌二置100攸AC電源單 制單元7的操作電源，然後i開‘電^單元5以確保控 早兀3的DC輸出端子短路。 通，以使整流 主-開關單无 _…、傻，用作主要開關單元的 AC㈣处；㈣瓣通I，货而從』 (即口 止轉換爲導通時’開關電4 大的（突變的），綠二，差）如圖9所示經歷比較 導通/截止轉換、°因此，在兩線開關裝置100的 提供給發生料變大的㈣，和/或’ 據負載砧的類型，在電壓發生°而且，根 (inrush)電流可能流入負載LP。勇入 200820536· 爲了解决上述問題，提出一種藉由利用低壓降的肖特 基一極體作爲二極體D來降低齊納二極體ZD2的設定電 覆（擊穿電壓）的方法。 ^ 根據上述方法，可以减小開關電壓的最大值。然而， 该方法不能充分地减小開關電壓的突變，這是因爲在從AC 電源AC向負載LF供電的過程中，兩線開關裝置1〇〇中 所發生的開關電壓突變取决於半導體元件（即，由閘流體 構成的副開關單元8、由二極體橋構成的整流單元3和主 開關單元2 )的壓降。 、 關於這一點，可以嘗試利用壓降更低的其它種類的半 導體開關元件作爲所述半導體開關元件。然而，由於半導 版開關元件一般具有PN接面(junction)元件，該PN接面 兀件由具有高耐壓的矽材料形成，因此只能將壓降抑制到 有限的程度。因此，即使在使用低壓降的半導體開關元件 時，也不能充分地抑制開關電壓的突變。這樣，上面探討 的問題沒有'解决。... '……㈠ 〜 . 【發明内容】 因此，本發明的目的是提供一種能够减少操作期間的 噪聲產生的兩線開關裝置。 根據本發明，提供一種兩線開關裝置，包括具有三端 雙向閘流體的主開關單元，其兩端連接到負載和AC電 源；整流單元.，其輸入端子連接到主開關單元的閘極端子 和一端，甩於在整流單元的輸出端子短路時，對閘極端子 知加閘極電壓；第一電源單元，用於在停止從Ac電源向 14 -607 -607200820536 g供：從整流單元的輸出產生dc電源;第 I产:二向負载物^ 第二ιΐΐ、，用於敎由第—電源單元和 的輸：來進電源;控制單元，基於穩定單元 出㈡，作，以用於在從AC電源向負載供電時啓 動弟-1源早元的操作；副開一 元工作時，使整流單元的輸出端子短路用早 間，從而在二 =；?閘極端子和所述1之 單元被導通的時：:ΐ:子被短路的時間到主開關 在k種結構中，至少一個辅助開 ，閉流體構成的主開關單元的閑極由三 在從整流單元的輸出端子被副開關單元短:二：。 關單元導通的時間間隔内，該辅助 的突變，從而可心 阻哭‘二:制二:tv的兩線開關裝置還包括控制電 利用這種結構，可以利用控制電阻生 =單元提供的電流轉換到從主開關單^==甫= 序。因此，主開關單元可以按適^^的电流的時 生的操作時序來進行操作’因而進 15 -607 200820536 此夕^卜，優選的是，輔助開關單元包括三端雙向閘流體。 在這種結構中，三端雙向閘流磕用作輔助開關單元。 因此，可以减少所需要的元件數量。此外，由於三端雙向 閘流體的尺寸小幷且價格便宜，因此還可以降低生産成 此外，優選的是，輔助開關單元包括多個半導體開 元件。 旦 錢_這歸構，可以❹傳、_半物關元件來實 現辅助開關單元。 、 容哭此外，優選在錢單元的輸㈣子之間連接著平滑電 =用這種結構，可减輕在整流單元的輸出端子被副 兀短路時的開關電壓的突變。由此，可以進一步减 少°呆琴。 ^ =外’優選的是關單元包括連接在整流單元的 子^的場效應電晶體，幷且將其如此配置著，使 =整流單元的輸無子短路時逐漸地向場效應電晶體的 閘極施加電壓。 在這種結構中，副開關單元由場效應電晶體構成，幷 且將電屋逐漸地施加給場效應電晶體的閘極，以導通場效 應電晶體。S此，由於整流單元的輸出端子被副開關單>元 逐漸地短路，因此可以减輕開關電壓的突變，從而實現進 一步的噪聲降低。 、 :，此外，優選的是，副開關單元包括設置在整流單元和 穩定單元之間的半導體開關元件；以及具有達林頓 16 607 200820536 (Dadington)電路的半導體開關單元，用於鄉 的控制而導通和截止半導體開關元件。、音應於控制單元 在这種結構中，半導體開關單元由 因此，用於者制半導體開關單元所需的泰、、員電路構成。 低，同時由第二電源單元抑制壓降。心原可以保持較 保持較低。 ’開關電壓可以 為讓本發明之上述和其他目的 易懂，下文特舉較佳實施例，並配合所占能更明顯 明如下。 旧付圖式，作詳細說 【實施方式】 以下、、。合附圖給出的優選實施例的 上述和f它目的和特點將變得顯而易見。本舍明的 (第一實施例） 根據本备明第一實施例的兩線開 ..的兩紐關裝置1GQ類似，是主要^ =圖8所示 狀態使用的兩線型配線裝置，幷且例。 開關盒延伸的芮用帝、SAA工戌— 猎由攸至内安裝的 源和負载电源的兩條室内電線，以連接到商用電. 如圖1所示，兩線開關裝U包括：由 體構成的主開關單元2，苴中#恭TF4 二纟而又向間机 中負載*AC電源連接在主 開關早凡2的兩端之間，使得主開關單元2的-端經由AC ，=連接到負载LF;以及整流單元3,其輸入端子（AC 别入鳊分別連接到主開關單元2的閘極端子和主開關單. 兀2的電源側端子（即，主開關單元2的電源側端子電性 17 607 607200820536 耦合至AC電源Ac)。 、 元3的輸出端子（，整流單元3肋在整流單 的間極端子施加間極^出端子）短路時向主開關單元2 於兩線開關裝置1還包括··第一電源單元4,用 3;的^山坆AC電源AC向負栽LF供電時，基於整流單元 産生DC電源；第二電源單^ 5，用於在從AC +向負載LF供電時’基於整流單元3的輸出以產 第二兩1 ’穩定單元6 ’用於穩定第一電源單元4或者 的ί = ^ 5産生的DC電源；由穩定後的輸出所操作 必:1平凡7，用於在從AC電源AC向負載LF供電時， 啓動第〜+- 一， 带、抑〜兒源早70 5的操作；副開關單元8，用於在第二 %源單元5操作時，使整流單元3的DC輸出端子短路； 和辅=開關單元9，連接在主開關單元2的電源側端子和 1極i%子之間’從而在從主開關單元2的DC輸出端子被 知1路的~間到主開關單元2被導通的時間間隔内導通。 根據本實施例的兩線開關裝.置Γ不同於傳統的兩線開 壯罢 然衣一 10(3…主要在於」.本實旖例還包括輔助開關單元9。 Y除此之外，兩線開關裝置1的結構與兩線開關裝置 的結構相同。因此，相同的部分將用相同的附圖標記 卞、幷且將省略其說明。 辅助開關單元9由例如三端雙向閘流體（TRIAc)構 ⑽一岡1所不，其一端經由電阻器R1〇以連接到主開關 電源侧端子，而其另―端連接到主關單元2的 甲而子。此外，由電容器〇和電阻器Rn構成的閘極 18 607 200820536 3電侧單元9的上述另-端和閘極端子 / ’在本貫施例的兩線開關I置1中，整流單元 、 固AC輸入端子不連接到主開 到輔助開關單元9的閘極端子。领早凡2,而是連接 主開二器Rl。用於限制經由辅购 ^ ^纟閘極驅動電路中的電容器C2的带、、古。因 ί 9=器⑽用作控制電阻器，用於控制關單 從輔助開:”^主開關單元2被導通的時間間隔（即， f ^換電流到主開關單的時刻）。 _換“:^電阻器R1G，可以控制從輔助開關單元9 2，從而實現進-步的噪聲降低。、％作主開關早兀 開网f置1 ^考圖1、2A和2B來說明本實施例的兩線 :二二:讀，假設湖^ 的。早％以及電晶體_Q2和妙在初始狀態下是截止: 止，因下’由於主開關單元2和辅助開關單元截 i#Lp 讀AC不提供充足的電流給負載LF，幷且 = 停止。因此，AC電源ac的電流由整 产生和“二+ —電源單元4基於整流單元3的輸出以 二DC =壓的DC電源。從第—電源單元4輸出 ^ 一 $源^给穩定單元6和電解電容器、β。然後，穩 6 I疋這樣所提供的DC電流，以產生控制單元7 19 607 200820536, 的操作電源，由此對該控鮮元7提供此操作電源。 此^在給控鮮元7提供上述操作電源時， 卜部操作裝置（例如，手_關或遙控器）年: =，AC電源AC向負載LF供電的請求，則控制： 兀7輸出-種控制電流給第二電源單元$ 日雕 從而導通電晶體Q3。一旦電晶體Q3導通，電’ 基極電屋降低，從而導通電晶體Q2。然後二:」 5提供規定電壓的Dc雷诉。,、一 罘一电源早兀 於屮早^德 原在㈣，須對整流單元3的 以、、且構，使其主要輸人到第二電源單元5， 乎不輸入到第一電源單元4。 成 第二電源單元5産生的Dc電源提供空定 器B)，以便用第二電源單元5、:= $ 解電容器B充電（在圖2B中的時間 果在第二電源單元5的操作期間，第二電源己： 納二極體zm的陰極電壓變得高於擊早二中苡 流單=的輸_齊納二極體ZD2輪出.二以 ZD2所提供的電流（即，齊納二極 容器〜充電。這樣，如果i容動電路中的電 於；β AA + r 6的电壓變得高於或等 於田巧關早兀8的電壓’則副開關單元8 整流單元3的DC輸出端子短路（在〇 疋 “t2”）。 姐硌〔在圖2B中的時間 在整流單元3的DC輸出端子短路時，4單一 的高電壓DC輸出端子提供的電流經由電阻入 20 607 607 200820536 到低電壓DC輪出端子。 -個AC輸入端子輸出，料’/亥電流從整流單元3的另 電路中的電容器C7充带^對輔助開關單元9的閘極驅動 然後，如果電客哭r 準，列辅助開關Γ 的電壓變得高於或等於閾值位 .i™；rAc；r 輔助開關單元9以輸入;電，電阻器r]。和 的電容器C2,由此對電容哭的閉極驅動電路中 C2的電㈣得高於或等於間值位準二S3 通（在圖2B中的時間“ t3”位f貝1J主開關早兀2就導 充足的電流給負載LF以戍動1 =而從AC電源AC提供 、、戟Γ以啓動負载LF的操作。 負載LF的插作如上所述地 和輔助開關單元9在AC㈣Ar 開關早兀2 =通v线截止，從而停止從Ac電源向負載lf供電。 然而，如果整流單元3的輸出電壓升高，使得第二電源單 X 5 tZD2^m^t ^ ^ . p ’則整流單元3所提供的電流經由齊納二極體zd2而 輸出到副開關單元δ ’從而藉由上述操作以導通主開關單 兀2。此後，藉由重複同樣的操作來對負載lf供電。 此外’如果控制單元7接收到停止從AC電源向 負載LF供電的請求，難鮮元停止輸出控㈣流給電 晶體Q3，從而關閉電晶體q3，該電晶體φ反過來關閉 弟二電源單it 5中的電晶體Q 2，以使其回到初始狀態。 根據本實施例的兩線開關裝置！，提供了輔助開關單 21 200820536_607 兀9 竹丑此輔助開關單元9電性 體構成的主開關單元2的電源 I 雙向閘流 開關單元2被導通的時間間隔内，輔，的日:間到主 .從而减小開關電塵。因此，可以减輕在導通， 負載LF供電時的開關電壓的突=:AC電源AC向 期間的噪聲產生。 1大义，以至於可以减少操作 此外，提供電阻器R1〇以用作控制 刪開關單元9被導通的時間到主二::控制 的術生時的操作時序來進行操作 噪聲降低。 处叩貝現進一步的 、此外，二端雙向閘流體用作辅助開關單元9 可以减少所需要的元件數量。而且，由於三端 雕 …的尺寸小，幷且價格便宜，所以還可以减少生肢 m ^ η μ - - ^t?tf 开也·早兀.’但疋逖可以甩多個半·導.體開關元件構成辅 助開關單元，例如圖3所示的輔助開關單元训。 • 苓考圖3，輔助開關裝置9〇包括兩個pNp型電晶體 9〇a、兩個NPN型電晶體90b和兩個二極體9〇c。更加具 地’ PNP型電晶體9〇a的集極連接到NPN型電晶體9〇b 的，極，其中PNP型電晶體9〇a的集極也彼此連接。pNp 型電晶體90a的基極連接到NPN型電晶體9〇b的集極。此 外，PNP型電.晶體術的射極連接到二極體9〇c的陰極。 22 200820536_6。7 這樣，將PNP型電晶體’90a、NPN型電晶體90b和二極體 90c設置爲形成兩個閘流體單元90d，起兩個閘流體的作 用0 此外，反向幷聯佈置由PNP型電晶體90a、NPN型電 晶體90b和二極體90〇所構成的兩個閘流體單元9〇(1，從 而實現雙向閘流體。 換句話說，辅助開關單元90是由多個半導體開關元件 (主要是電晶體）構成的雙向閘流體。The power supply AC supplies power to the load LF. The temple receives the current from the AC current to the body in the second power supply unit 5, and the 'J:::7 turns out the base of the control device yttrium Q3, thereby turning on the 200820536· transistor Q3. After the transistor Q3 is turned on, the base voltage of the transistor q2 is lowered, thereby turning on the transistor Q2. Then, the second power supply unit $ supplies a DC power supply of a prescribed voltage. Here, the output of the rectifying unit 3 is configured such that it is mainly input to the second power supply unit 5, and is hardly input to the first power supply unit 4. As described above, the electrolytic capacitor 6 is charged by the DC power source while the DC power source is supplied from the second power source unit 5 (time t1 in Fig. 9). Further, if the cathode voltage of the Zener diode ZD2 spring in the power supply unit 5 becomes higher than or equal to the breakdown voltage, the output of the rectifying unit 3 is output to the sub-switch unit $ via the backup diode ZD2. ^ The current supplied by the one-pole ZD2 ^ (ie, the leakage current of the Zener diode ZD) charges the capacitor C6 in the gate drive circuit of the sub-switch unit 8. Therefore, if the voltage of the capacitor and C6 becomes higher than or equal to the threshold level, the sub-switch unit 8 is turned on, thereby short-circuiting the Dc output terminal of the rectifying unit 3 (at time "t2" in Fig. 9). 1. When the DC output terminal of the rectifying unit 3 is short-circuited, the current supplied from the rectifying unit. The voltage of the DC output terminal without the 3 10 is input to the low-voltage DC output terminal via the resistor R8. Thereafter, the current is output from the other AC wheel input terminal of the rectifying unit 3, thereby charging the capacitor C2 in the gate driving circuit of the main switching unit 2. ‘ Then, if the voltage of the capacitor C2 becomes higher than or equal to the threshold level, the main switching unit 2 is turned on (at time "t3" of Fig. 9), thereby raising a sufficient current to the load to start its operation. After the operation of the load LF is started as described above, the main switching unit 2 12 • 607 200820536 supplies power from the AC power source to the load jjp at the zero-crossing point of the AC power source AC. And / is turned off, thereby stopping the voltage rise, so that the second power supply unit 5 if the cathode voltage of the rectifying unit 3 becomes higher than or equal to the current of the battery diode ZD2 in the breakdown electric current The nano-diode ZD2 wheel is supplied from the rectifying unit 3 to conduct the above-mentioned operation to turn on the sub-opening unit\ to the sub-switching unit 8, so that the operation of supplying power to the load LF is 8°, and then repeating the same When the control unit 7 is connected to the load LF for power supply, the control is controlled from the AC power source AC to the crystal Q3, thereby turning off the transistor 兀: stopping the output control current to the battery 2' in the second power source unit 5' In turn, as described above, in the conventional two-close y, it returns to the initial state. When the AC power is supplied to the load LF, the operation power supply of the AC power supply unit 7 is set to 100 坌, and then the electric unit 5 is turned on to ensure that the DC output terminal of the early 兀3 is short-circuited. Pass, so that the rectification main-switch single _..., silly, used as the main switch unit AC (four); (four) the valve through I, the goods from the 』 (that is, when the mouth is switched to conduction) the switch is 4 large (mutant ), green two, difference) as shown in FIG. 9 undergoing a comparative on/off transition, and thus, the supply of the two-wire switching device 100 to the occurrence of the material becomes large (four), and/or 'type of the load anvil, at the voltage ° occurs, and an inrush current may flow into the load LP.勇入 200820536· In order to solve the above problem, a method of reducing the set cladding (breakdown voltage) of the Zener diode ZD2 by using a low-voltage drop Schottky one as the diode D is proposed. ^ According to the above method, the maximum value of the switching voltage can be reduced. However, this method cannot sufficiently reduce the sudden change of the switching voltage because during the process of supplying power from the AC power source AC to the load LF, the switching voltage mutation occurring in the two-wire switching device 1〇〇 depends on the semiconductor element (ie, The voltage drop of the sub-switch unit 8 composed of the thyristor, the rectifying unit 3 composed of the diode bridge, and the main switching unit 2). In this regard, it is possible to attempt to use other kinds of semiconductor switching elements having a lower voltage drop as the semiconductor switching elements. However, since the semi-conductive switch element generally has a PN junction element which is formed of a tantalum material having a high withstand voltage, the voltage drop can only be suppressed to a limited extent. Therefore, even when a semiconductor switching element having a low voltage drop is used, the sudden change of the switching voltage cannot be sufficiently suppressed. Thus, the problem discussed above is not resolved. ... '(1)~. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a two-wire switching device capable of reducing noise generation during operation. According to the present invention, there is provided a two-wire switching device comprising a main switching unit having a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor connected at both ends to a load and an AC power source; a rectifying unit having an input terminal connected to a gate terminal of the main switching unit and One end, when the output terminal of the rectifying unit is short-circuited, the gate voltage is known to be applied to the gate terminal; the first power supply unit is used to stop the supply from the Ac power source to 14-607-607200820536 g: from the output of the rectifying unit Dc power supply; the first production: two-way load ^ second ΐΐ, for 敎 by the first - power unit and the input: to the power supply; the control unit, based on the stable unit (2), for use in the AC When the power supply supplies power to the load, the operation of the D-1 source is started; when the sub-opening is operated, the output terminal of the rectifying unit is short-circuited for use in the morning, so that the gate terminal and the unit of the 1 are turned on. Time::ΐ: The time when the sub-short is shorted to the main switch in the k-type structure, at least one auxiliary open, the idle pole of the main switch unit consisting of the closed fluid is short by the sub-switch unit at the output terminal of the slave rectifying unit: :. During the time interval when the unit is turned on, the auxiliary mutation can be cautiously blocked. Second: System 2: The two-wire switching device of tv also includes the control electric utilization structure, which can be converted by the current provided by the control resistor. Go to the main switch from the ^^=甫= sequence. Therefore, the main switching unit can be operated in accordance with the timing of the operation of the current. Thus, the auxiliary switching unit includes a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor. In this configuration, the three-terminal two-way thyristor is used as an auxiliary switching unit. Therefore, the number of components required can be reduced. Further, since the size of the three-terminal bidirectional thyristor is small and inexpensive, it is also possible to reduce the production. Further, it is preferable that the auxiliary switching unit includes a plurality of semiconductor opening elements. Once the money _ this structure, you can rumor, _ half-objects to achieve the auxiliary switch unit. In addition, it is preferable to connect smoothing between the input (four) of the money unit. With this configuration, the sudden change of the switching voltage when the output terminal of the rectifier unit is short-circuited by the secondary winding can be alleviated. Thereby, the piano can be further reduced. ^ = 外' is preferably that the off unit includes a field effect transistor connected to the subunit of the rectifying unit, and is configured such that the = commutator of the rectifying unit is short-circuited to the gate of the field effect transistor The voltage is applied to the pole. In this configuration, the sub-switch unit is composed of a field effect transistor, and the electric house is gradually applied to the gate of the field effect transistor to conduct the field effect transistor. In this case, since the output terminal of the rectifying unit is gradually short-circuited by the sub-switch unit > element, the sudden change of the switching voltage can be alleviated, thereby achieving further noise reduction. Further, it is preferable that the sub-switch unit includes a semiconductor switching element disposed between the rectifying unit and the stabilizing unit; and a semiconductor switching unit having a Darlington 16 607 200820536 (Dadington) circuit for control of the township Turning on and off the semiconductor switching elements. The sound is applied to the control unit. In this configuration, the semiconductor switching unit is constructed by the Thai and the electric circuit required for the semiconductor switching unit. Low while suppressing voltage drop by the second power supply unit. The heart can be kept relatively low. The above-described and other objects of the present invention can be readily understood, and the preferred embodiments are hereinafter described in conjunction with the present invention. The old drawing pattern is described in detail. [Embodiment] The following is given. The above and other objects and features of the preferred embodiments will be apparent from the accompanying drawings. The first embodiment of the present invention is similar to the two-line switching device 1GQ of the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a two-wire type wiring device mainly used in the state shown in FIG. example. The switch box is extended by the Emperor, SAA factory - hunting two internal wires from the source and load power source installed to connect to the commercial power. As shown in Figure 1, the two-wire switch U includes: The main switch unit 2 is constructed, and the load of the *AC power supply is connected between the two ends of the main switch 2, so that the end of the main switch unit 2 is connected via AC, = To the load LF; and the rectifying unit 3, its input terminal (AC is connected to the gate terminal of the main switch unit 2 and the power supply side terminal of the main switch unit 兀2 (ie, the power supply side terminal of the main switch unit 2) The electrical 17 607 607200820536 is coupled to the AC power supply Ac). The output terminal of the element 3 (the rectifying unit 3 rib is interposed between the terminals of the rectifying unit) is short-circuited to the main switching unit 2 to the two-wire switching device. 1 further includes: · the first power supply unit 4, when the power supply AC of the mountain is powered by 3; the DC power supply is generated based on the rectifying unit; the second power supply unit 5 is used for the load from the AC + When the LF is powered, 'based on the output of the rectifying unit 3 to produce the second two 1 'stabilizing unit 6' for stabilization The DC power supply generated by the first power supply unit 4 or ί = ^ 5; operated by the stabilized output: 1 ordinary 7 for starting the power supply from the AC power source AC to the load LF, the first ~+- And the operation of the child source early 70 5; the sub-switch unit 8 is for short-circuiting the DC output terminal of the rectifying unit 3 when the second % source unit 5 is operated; and the auxiliary=switch unit 9 is connected to the main switch unit The power supply side terminal of the second terminal and the first pole i% of the two are turned on in a time interval from the time when the DC output terminal of the main switching unit 2 is known to the time when the main switching unit 2 is turned on. According to the embodiment The two-wire switch device is different from the traditional two-wire expansion device. It is mainly composed of the auxiliary switch unit 9. In addition to this, the two-wire switch device 1 The structure is the same as that of the two-wire switching device. Therefore, the same portions will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The auxiliary switching unit 9 is constituted by, for example, a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor (TRIAc) (10) No, one end is connected to the main switching power supply side terminal via the resistor R1〇, and the other The terminal is connected to the main switch unit 2. In addition, the gate 18 607 composed of the capacitor 〇 and the resistor Rn 200820536 3 the above-mentioned other end of the electric side unit 9 and the gate terminal / 'in the present embodiment The two-wire switch I is set to 1, and the rectifying unit and the solid AC input terminal are not connected to the gate terminal of the main opening to the auxiliary switching unit 9. The second opening is connected to the main opener R1. The band of the capacitor C2 in the gate driving circuit is purchased, and the ί 9= device (10) is used as a control resistor for controlling the gate from the auxiliary opening: "^ the time interval at which the main switching unit 2 is turned on (ie, f ^ the time to change the current to the main switch). _Change ":^ resistor R1G, you can control the slave switch unit 9 2, so as to achieve the noise reduction of the step-by-step., % as the main switch, open the network f, set 1 ^ test 1, 2A and 2B to illustrate this Two lines of the embodiment: two: read, assuming lake ^. Early % and transistor _Q2 and wonderful in the initial state is cut off: stop, because the main switch unit 2 and the auxiliary switch unit cut i#Lp The read AC does not supply sufficient current to the load LF, and = stop. Therefore, the current of the AC power source ac is generated by the whole and "two + - the power supply unit 4 is based on the output of the rectifier unit 3 with a DC power of two DC = voltage. From the first power supply unit 4, ^ a source is supplied to the stabilizing unit 6 and the electrolytic capacitor, β. Then, the DC current thus supplied is stabilized to generate an operating power source for the control unit 7 19 607 200820536, whereby the operating power is supplied to the control unit 7. When the control power supply is supplied to the control unit 7, the operation device (for example, hand_off or remote control) year: =, the request of the AC power supply AC to supply the load LF, then control: 兀7 output-type control The current is supplied to the second power supply unit $, thereby conducting the crystal Q3. Once the transistor Q3 is turned on, the electrical base is lowered, thereby conducting the transistor Q2. Then two:" 5 provides the DC voltage of the specified voltage. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , . The Dc power source generated by the second power supply unit 5 supplies a ballast B) for charging with the second power supply unit 5, := $ of the de-capacitor B (the time in FIG. 2B during the operation of the second power supply unit 5, The second power source has: the cathode voltage of the nano-diode zm becomes higher than that of the second-phase turbulence single==Zener diode ZD2. The current supplied by ZD2 (ie, Zener II) The pole container is charged. Thus, if the voltage in the i-capacitor circuit is; the voltage of β AA + r 6 becomes higher than or equal to the voltage of Tian Qiaoguan earlier 8 then the DC output of the rectifier unit 3 of the sub-switch unit 8 The terminal is short-circuited (at 〇疋 "t2"). Sister [When the time in Figure 2B is short-circuited at the DC output terminal of rectifier unit 3, the current supplied by 4 single high-voltage DC output terminals is via resistors into 20 607 607 200820536 Low voltage DC wheel output terminal - One AC input terminal output, material '/Hai current is charged from capacitor C7 in another circuit of rectifier unit 3 ^ is driven to the gate of auxiliary switch unit 9 and then, if the electric passenger is crying , the voltage of the column auxiliary switch Γ becomes higher than or equal to the threshold bit. iTM; rAc; r The switching unit 9 inputs: electric, resistor r] and capacitor C2, whereby the electric (4) of C2 in the closed-circuit driving circuit of the capacitor crying is higher than or equal to the inter-level level S3 (in Figure 2B) Time "t3" bit f 1 1 main switch early 2 will lead a sufficient current to the load LF to sway 1 = from the AC power supply AC, 戟Γ to start the load LF operation. Load LF inserted as above The ground and auxiliary switch unit 9 is turned off at the AC (four) Ar switch early 2 = the pass v line, thereby stopping the supply of power from the Ac power source to the load lf. However, if the output voltage of the rectifying unit 3 rises, the second power supply single X 5 tZD2^ m^t ^ ^ . p 'the current supplied from the rectifying unit 3 is output to the sub-switch unit δ ' via the Zener diode zd2, thereby turning on the main switch unit 2 by the above operation. Thereafter, by repeating the same The operation is to supply power to the load lf. Further, if the control unit 7 receives a request to stop supplying power from the AC power source to the load LF, the faulty element stops outputting the control (4) to the transistor Q3, thereby turning off the transistor q3, which is reversed. Come over and close the transistor Q 2 in the second power supply unit it 5 It returns to the initial state. According to the two-wire switching device of the present embodiment, the auxiliary switch unit 21 is provided. The power supply I of the main switch unit 2 of the auxiliary switch unit 9 is electrically connected to the two-way thyristor unit. 2 During the time interval that is turned on, the auxiliary day: between the main and the main. Therefore, the switching dust is reduced. Therefore, the switching voltage during the conduction, load LF power supply can be alleviated =: noise during the AC power supply AC period 1 is generated so that the operation can be reduced. Further, the resistor R1 提供 is provided to control the operation noise of the time when the switch-off unit 9 is turned on to the operation timing of the main control: control. Further, in addition to the use of the two-terminal two-way thyristor as the auxiliary switching unit 9, the number of components required can be reduced. Moreover, since the size of the three-ended carving is small and cheap, it is also possible to reduce the limbs m ^ η μ - - ^t?tf open and early. 'But it can be a plurality of semi-conductors. The body switching elements constitute an auxiliary switching unit, such as the auxiliary switching unit shown in FIG. • Referring to Fig. 3, the auxiliary switching device 9A includes two pNp type transistors 9〇a, two NPN type transistors 90b, and two diodes 9〇c. More generally, the collector of the PNP-type transistor 9〇a is connected to the pole of the NPN-type transistor 9〇b, wherein the collectors of the PNP-type transistor 9〇a are also connected to each other. The base of the pNp type transistor 90a is connected to the collector of the NPN type transistor 9〇b. In addition, the emitter of the PNP-type electro-optical crystal is connected to the cathode of the diode 9〇c. 22 200820536_6. 7 Thus, the PNP type transistor '90a, the NPN type transistor 90b and the diode 90c are arranged to form two thyristor units 90d, which function as two thyristors. Two thyristor units 9A (1, which constitute a PNP type transistor 90a, an NPN type transistor 90b, and a diode 90 从而, thereby implementing a bidirectional thyristor. In other words, the auxiliary switching unit 90 is composed of a plurality of semiconductor switches A bidirectional thyristor composed of components (mainly transistors).
在如上構造的輔助開關單元90中，其中一個二極體 90c的陽極經由電阻器Ri〇連接到AC電源Ac，而另一^ 二極體90c的陽極連接到主開關單元2的閘極端子。此外， PNP型電晶體90a和NPN型電晶體90b的基極連接到敫、、& 單=的另-個AC輸入端子。這種方式，將輔且: 關單元90嵌入在電路中。 此外，輔助開關單元不局限於利用三端雙向閘流體構 成的結構，，是可以.甩傳統的半導體開.關元.件來實現=例 如電晶體或者閘流體。此外，輔助開關單元也不二限於圖 1和3所示的例子。也就是說，只要輔助開關單元^以二 作，就可以用所期望的任何種類的半導體開關 包括’ 6經將本實施㈣錢_裝置1描述成僅 力開關單元9。然而，還可以在其中提供多個 元9 \在這種情况下，優選的是將辅助開關單 又成不同時導通，而是依次（以逐步的方式）導通。 23 607 200820536 利用这種結構，可以進一步减輕開關電麵突變。 (第二實施例） 10呈有 1 Λ·所丁一根據本發明第二實施例的兩線開關裝置In the auxiliary switching unit 90 constructed as above, the anode of one of the diodes 90c is connected to the AC power source Ac via the resistor Ri, and the anode of the other diode 90c is connected to the gate terminal of the main switching unit 2. Further, the bases of the PNP type transistor 90a and the NPN type transistor 90b are connected to the other AC input terminals of 敫, , & In this way, the auxiliary unit 90 is embedded in the circuit. Further, the auxiliary switching unit is not limited to a structure constructed using a three-terminal bidirectional thyristor, and can be realized by a conventional semiconductor device such as a transistor or a thyristor. Further, the auxiliary switching unit is not limited to the examples shown in Figs. That is, as long as the auxiliary switching unit is implemented in two, the semiconductor switch of any kind as desired can be described as the power-only switching unit 9. However, it is also possible to provide a plurality of elements 9 therein. In this case, it is preferable to turn the auxiliary switches together at the same time, but to turn them in a stepwise manner (in a stepwise manner). 23 607 200820536 With this structure, the switch surface abrupt change can be further alleviated. (Second Embodiment) 10 is a two-wire switch device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
= 貫施例相同的結構，除了在整流單元3 I DC輸出編子之間連接了平滑電容器c 關裝置1〇除了平滑電容⑽之外的部分和第一^兩^ :其::r的部分將用相同的附圖標記來表‘ 根據第二實施例的兩線開關裝置！ 从 幷且除此之外，還用平_二-: 十月口亥正級早兀3的輸出。因此， 一 的DC輸出端子短路時的開 ；工3 步的噪聲降低。 叼大义，攸而貫現進一 (第三實施例） 如圖5所示’根據本發明第二者 们觸與第―實施例的結構的Γ同 了副開關單元8(UX代^要在於，提供 11 . ΟΛ J渴關早兀8。由於兩線開關裝置 1除了,關早兀8 〇之外的 配二罝 例相同，因此相同的邻八膝田士门f配置馬與弟一貫施 且省略其說明。心將用相同的附圖標記來表示，幷 一，與=有由三端雙向間流體構成的副開關單元8的第 元:义=_單元1相比，本實施例的兩線開關 1 HI dt㈣效應電續FE U + 此外，在第一命ά再风的田1開關早兀80〇 乐湖的兩線開關單元1中，齊納二極 24 20082053 6,07 體ZD2的陽極連接到副開關單元8的閘極端子，幷且用齊 納;ZD2的漏電流對副開關單元8的閘極驅動電路中 ‘的電容器、C6充電，從而導通副開關單S 8 (即使整流單元 3的DC輸出端子短路）。然而，在圖5所示的第三實施 ’例的爾開關單元U中，第二電源單元5中的齊納I極體 ZD2的，極連接到電壓檢測單元7〇。電壓檢測單元川用 於基於背納二極體ZD2的漏電流來檢測電解電容器B的高 ⑩ 的電壓（其基本上等於齊納二極體ZD2的陰極電 電解:ί單元70的檢測結果，判斷在 Β中是否存儲了高於或等於閾值量的電能（更 个供DC電源時，存儲在電解電容器 控制單元7)。然後，如果確定在電解 存储了咼於或等於閾值量的電能，則 —=σ °° 昌咖單元·的閘極端子施加電壓，、早兀7逐漸向 叩如上所述，根據本實施例的兩線開關梦署一 早兀80由連接在整流單元3的1^出，副開關. 電晶體構成。因此，在整流單元;子之間的場效應 由於電壓逐漸施加到場效應電晶體 1端子短路時， f元3的DC輸出端子不會突然被短利=整流 早兀80逐漸地被短路（即，以-疋」用田,j開關 因此，可以减輕開關電壓的突變，:加短路電流的方式）。 降低。 大又攸而實現進一步的噪聲 -607 200820536 線：置 使片納一極體ZD2的漏電 關單元80。然而，優選的是在 L =乜制田U開 電能後，—==:= = 根據這種結構，可以進—步减輕開關電壓^突 (弟四貫施例） 在例如兩線開關裝置等電子開關中，士 能耗可能比較高。如果是這種，則二早^中的 時消耗大量的電流，使得對、 土開關單元導通 增加。 使付料解電㈣B充電的充電電流 間的在整流單元3和穩定單元6之 爲了^上元5中的半導體開關元件。 '源單元5.中▼的電晶體需要向第二電， 晶體Q2在餘和區工作。=、，足句^的基極電流，以使電、 足够量的電流，以便抑制用電晶體印提供 晶體Q3的兩端（射極和集極)之間的I==Q2的電 同時’馨於電晶體Q3由杵制單】；^的增加。 (即’基極電流由控制單元7二=出的控制電流 要控制單元7的控制電流 <大、）$通和關閉’—需 供足够量的基極電流。缺 °多=，從而爲電晶體奶提 然而，如果控制電流的量增加，則 26 200820536· 控制單元7消耗的電流量也相對應地增加，這反過來導致 充電電流增加（換言之，第二電源單元5的壓降增加）。 結果，開關電壓增加。 • 圖7A是表示在控制單元7消耗較少量電流的情况 - 下、傳統兩線開關裝置100的開關電壓的曲線圖，而圖7B 是表示在控制單元7消耗較大量電流的情况下、傳統兩線 開關裝置1〇〇的開關電壓的曲線圖。 從圖7A和TB可以看出，在控制單元7消耗較大量電 馨 流的情况下，開關電壓的最大值更高。 提出了本實施例的兩線開關裝置12以解决上述問 題，幷且其設置有圖6所示的第二電源單元50，以代替第 一貫施例的弟一電源單元5。在下文，相同的部分用相同 的附圖標記來表示，幷且省略其說明。 第二電源單元50包括電晶體Q2和半導體開關單元 50a，其中電晶體Q2用作設置在整流單元3和穩定單元6 '…之間的半導體開關元件，而半導體開〜關軍元50a用作致能 ⑩-單元（導通/截止轉換單元），，以用於藉由控制單元7的控 制來導通和關閉電晶體Q2。 /、月豆而g，弟二電源單元5〇包括電晶體Q2，1射才 連接到整流單元3的高電壓DC輸出端子：接… ^器^和電容器⑶連接在電晶師的 其—端Ϊ接到電晶㈣2的基極；電晶I 極連接到電阻裔R6 .的另-端，而其射極連 地；電晶體Q4構成的半導體_單元咖，電晶體連^ 27 .607 200820536 =是：Γϊ R6的另一端，而其射極連接到電晶體Q3的 -:且益R7 ’連接在電晶體Q3的射極和基極之間. ZD2，其陰極連接到電晶體Q2的集極;和二 =接到i陽極連制—種節點，齊納二極體迎在該節 ”，、占連接到％晶體Q2的集極，以抑制反向電流。 的：：單體4=導通和關閉電晶體Q2 本實施例的兩、_裝置1相比， 元。 … 哥3私日日體Q2的半導體開關單 Μίΐ?〇?^^^^ 12 1早=50a由達林頓電路構成。因此 二=.r:會引起控制單元7的控制電流增 間的電壓差，这及W 口此可以减小電晶體Q2兩端之 二匕拒=?來又可以將開關電龜制爲低值。 開關單元由 電能。結果，可以將開關電厂二 此外，儘管已經關於半導體開關裝置*釆用由兩個 28 2〇〇820536607 電晶體構成的達林頓電路的情况說明了本， 可以使，由兩個以上電晶體構成的達林頓電：。但是也 儘管已經參考優選實闕示出幷朗 本領域技術人員應該理解，在不脫離下面中但是 限定的本發明範圍的情况下’可以進行各種：變和所 即，本發明以上之較佳實施例並非用以限袼 任何熟習此技藝者，在不脫離本發明之精神和範圍：明告 潤飾’因此本發明之保護範圍㈤見後： 之甲明專利乾圍所界定者為準。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1不出根據本發明第一實施例的兩線開關 路圖。 *且w私 番示出表示根據本發明第一實施例的兩線開關裝 置勺開關電壓的瞬時變化的曲線圖；而圖2B示 用τ指示的部分的放大圖。 園2八中 圖3示出根據本發明第一實施例的兩:，線開關裝 ⑩.改例的電路圖。 置的v 兄圖4說明根據本發明第二實施例的兩線開關裝置的帝 路圖。 圖5示出根據本發明第三實施例的兩線開關裝置的電 路圖。 圖6不出根據本發明第四實施例的兩線開關裝置的♦ 〇 ^ 圖7 A和7B提供傳統兩線開關裝置中開關電壓的瞬時 29 607 200820536. 變化的曲線圖，其中圖7A和7B分別表示控制單 γ電流的情况和控制單元消耗較大量電流的以 圖8示出傳統兩'線開關裝置的電路圖。 圖9不出表示傳統兩線開關裝 ^ 化的曲線圖。 瞬時變 【主要元件符號說明】 1、100 兩線開關裝置 2 主開關單元 3 整流單元 4 第一電源單元 5、50 第二電源單元 6 穩定單元 7 控制單元 8、80 副開關單元 9、90 輔助開賺單元 10 、 11 、 12 兩線開關裴置 50a 半導體開關單元 70 電壓檢測單元 Cl 〜C7 電容器 R1 〜R11 電阻器 Q1 〜Q4 電晶體 ZD1，ZD2 齊納二極體 AC 交流電源 30 200820536· LF 負載= The same structure as in the embodiment, except that a smoothing capacitor c is connected between the rectifying unit 3 I DC output editors, the device 1 is removed, and the portion other than the smoothing capacitor (10) and the first ^^^: part of::r The same reference numerals will be used to describe the two-wire switching device according to the second embodiment! From the other side, in addition to the use of the flat _ two -: October mouth Haizheng premature early 3 output. Therefore, the ON of the DC output terminal is short-circuited; the noise of the 3 steps is reduced.叼 义 攸 攸 ( ( ( 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三 第三Provide 11 . ΟΛ J thirst off early 8 . Because the two-wire switch device 1 is the same as the two-in-one case except for the 8 〇 , 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 The description will be omitted. The core will be denoted by the same reference numeral, the first two, compared with the first element of the sub-switch unit 8 having the three-terminal bidirectional fluid: meaning =_ unit 1, the two of the embodiment Line switch 1 HI dt (four) effect power continued FE U + In addition, in the first line of the first wind and the wind of the field 1 switch early 80 〇 Le Lake's two-wire switch unit 1, Zener two poles 24 20082053 6, 07 body ZD2 The anode is connected to the gate terminal of the sub-switch unit 8, and the Zener is used; the leakage current of ZD2 charges the capacitor of the gate drive circuit of the sub-switch unit 8 and C6, thereby turning on the sub-switch S 8 (even if rectified The DC output terminal of the unit 3 is short-circuited. However, in the third switching unit U shown in FIG. 5, the second electric unit The Zener I-pole ZD2 in the cell 5 is connected to the voltage detecting unit 7A. The voltage detecting unit is used to detect the high voltage of the electrolytic capacitor B based on the leakage current of the Zener diode ZD2 (the basic It is equal to the detection result of the cathode electrolysis of the Zener diode ZD2: 单元 unit 70, and it is judged whether or not the electric energy higher than or equal to the threshold amount is stored in the crucible (when the DC power source is supplied, it is stored in the electrolytic capacitor control unit 7) Then, if it is determined that the electric energy stored in the electrolytic solution is equal to or equal to the threshold amount, then the voltage is applied to the gate terminal of the -= σ ° ° Changcha unit, and the 兀 逐渐 gradually gradually toward the 叩 as described above, according to the present embodiment. For example, the two-wire switch dreams early in the morning by 80 connected by the rectifying unit 3, the sub-switch. The transistor is formed. Therefore, the field effect between the rectifying unit and the sub-phase is gradually applied to the field-effect transistor 1 due to the voltage. When the terminal is short-circuited, the DC output terminal of f-yuan 3 will not be suddenly short-circuited by short-term = rectification early 80 (ie, with -疋), j switch, therefore, can reduce the sudden change of switching voltage: Short circuit current)) Large and ambiguous to achieve further noise -607 200820536 Line: Leakage shut-off unit 80 for the chip-in-one body ZD2. However, it is preferable to turn on the power after L = 乜 field U, -==:= = According to this structure, it is possible to further reduce the switching voltage (the four-in-one embodiment). In an electronic switch such as a two-wire switching device, the energy consumption of the device may be relatively high. If this is the case, then two early days. At the time of consumption, a large amount of current is consumed, so that the conduction of the earth and earth switch unit is increased. The charge is de-energized (4) The semiconductor switching element in the rectifying unit 3 and the stabilizing unit 6 between the charging currents of the B charging. 'The transistor in source cell 5.. needs to go to the second transistor, and crystal Q2 to work in the remainder region. =,, the base current of the ^^, in order to make electricity, a sufficient amount of current, in order to suppress the use of transistor printing to provide I == Q2 between the two ends of the crystal Q3 (emitter and collector) while ' Xin is added to the transistor Q3 by 杵 ; ; ; ^. (i.e., the control current of the base current from the control unit 7 = 2 to control the control current of the unit 7 < large, ) $ on and off' - requires a sufficient amount of base current. If the amount of control current increases, the amount of current consumed by the control unit 7 also increases correspondingly, which in turn causes the charging current to increase (in other words, the second power source). The pressure drop of unit 5 is increased). As a result, the switching voltage increases. • Fig. 7A is a graph showing the switching voltage of the conventional two-wire switching device 100 in the case where the control unit 7 consumes a small amount of current, and Fig. 7B shows the conventional case in the case where the control unit 7 consumes a large amount of current. A graph of the switching voltage of the two-wire switching device 1〇〇. As can be seen from Figures 7A and TB, the maximum value of the switching voltage is higher in the case where the control unit 7 consumes a larger amount of the motor stream. The two-wire switching device 12 of the present embodiment has been proposed to solve the above problems, and is provided with the second power supply unit 50 shown in Fig. 6 instead of the power supply unit 5 of the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The second power supply unit 50 includes a transistor Q2 and a semiconductor switching unit 50a, wherein the transistor Q2 functions as a semiconductor switching element disposed between the rectifying unit 3 and the stabilizing unit 6', and the semiconductor on-off military unit 50a is used as the enabling unit 10. a unit (on/off switching unit) for turning on and off the transistor Q2 by the control of the control unit 7. /, moon bean and g, brother two power unit 5〇 including transistor Q2, 1 is connected to the high voltage DC output terminal of the rectifier unit 3: connect ^ ^ ^ and capacitor (3) connected to the end of the electromorphist Ϊ is connected to the base of the electro-crystal (4) 2; the electro-crystal I is connected to the other end of the resistor R6., and the emitter is connected to the ground; the transistor Q4 is composed of a semiconductor unit, the transistor is connected to the ^27.607 200820536 = YES: 另一 R6 at the other end, and its emitter is connected to the transistor Q3 -: and R7' is connected between the emitter and the base of the transistor Q3. ZD2, whose cathode is connected to the set of the transistor Q2 Pole; and two = connected to the i-anode system - the seed node, the Zener diode meets the section", which is connected to the collector of the % crystal Q2 to suppress the reverse current. :: monomer 4 = Turning on and off the transistor Q2 Compared with the two devices of the present embodiment, the device is compared to the device 1. The brother of the 3rd Japanese body Q2 semiconductor switch is Μ ΐ 〇 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 12 1 early = 50a by Darlington circuit Therefore, the second =.r: will cause the voltage difference between the control current of the control unit 7, and this can reduce the two-way rejection of the two ends of the transistor Q2. The turtle is made of low value. The switch unit is powered by electricity. As a result, it is possible to switch the power plant two, although the case of the Darlington circuit consisting of two 28 2〇〇820536607 transistors has been described for the semiconductor switching device* In the present invention, Darlington can be made up of two or more transistors: but, although it has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the invention is defined without departing from the following. The present invention is not limited to the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the present invention is protected by the present invention. Scope (5) After seeing: The definition of the patent is as follows: [Simplified Schematic] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-wire switch according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2B shows an enlarged view of a portion indicated by τ in the first embodiment of the present invention; and Figure 2B shows an enlarged view of a portion indicated by τ. Two of the embodiments: a circuit diagram of a modified example of a line switch. Fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of a two-wire switch device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of a two-wire switching device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 A and Figure 7B show the instantaneous switching voltage of a conventional two-wire switching device. 29 607 200820536. FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B respectively show a case where a single γ current is controlled and a control unit consumes a relatively large amount of current. FIG. 8 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional two-wire switching device. FIG. 9 shows a conventional two-wire switch device. Curved graph. Instantaneous change [Main component symbol description] 1, 100 two-wire switching device 2 Main switch unit 3 Rectifier unit 4 First power supply unit 5, 50 Second power supply unit 6 Stabilization unit 7 Control unit 8, 80 Sub-switch unit 9, 90 Auxiliary Open earning unit 10, 11, 12 Two-wire switch device 50a Semiconductor switch unit 70 Voltage detecting unit Cl to C7 Capacitor R1 to R11 Resistor Q1 to Q4 Transistor ZD1, ZD2 Zener diode AC power supply 30 200820536· LF load
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