TW200808649A - Process for purifying perfluorinated products - Google Patents
Process for purifying perfluorinated products Download PDFInfo
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- TW200808649A TW200808649A TW096119222A TW96119222A TW200808649A TW 200808649 A TW200808649 A TW 200808649A TW 096119222 A TW096119222 A TW 096119222A TW 96119222 A TW96119222 A TW 96119222A TW 200808649 A TW200808649 A TW 200808649A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 192
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(dinaphthalen-2-ylamino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=C21 QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 238000000895 extractive distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- -1 carbazole oxime Ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 39
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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- 229960004065 perflutren Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)F WXGNWUVNYMJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ILQHIGIKULUQFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN1C=C[N+](C)=C1 ILQHIGIKULUQFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010724 circulating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003280 cupric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001923 cyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OXZOLXJZTSUDOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoro 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound FOC(=O)C(F)(F)F OXZOLXJZTSUDOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 1
- UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K gallium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ga](Cl)Cl UPWPDUACHOATKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002515 guano Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBGKBVYJDPKEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hept-2-ene-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCC=CCS FBGKBVYJDPKEDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004687 hexahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron niobium Chemical compound [Fe].[Fe].[Nb] ZFGFKQDDQUAJQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001428 mercaptopurine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 description 1
- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylimidazole Natural products CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004812 organic fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O pyridinium Chemical compound C1=CC=[NH+]C=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012421 spiking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PPPHYGCRGMTZNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)OC(F)(F)F PPPHYGCRGMTZNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/38—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/082—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals
- C01B21/083—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more halogen atoms
- C01B21/0832—Binary compounds of nitrogen with halogens
- C01B21/0835—Nitrogen trifluoride
- C01B21/0837—Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C17/00—Preparation of halogenated hydrocarbons
- C07C17/38—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C17/383—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by distillation
- C07C17/386—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by distillation with auxiliary compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US80966306P | 2006-05-31 | 2006-05-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200808649A true TW200808649A (en) | 2008-02-16 |
Family
ID=38802056
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW096119222A TW200808649A (en) | 2006-05-31 | 2007-05-30 | Process for purifying perfluorinated products |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8771626B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2021276B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP5266211B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20090024742A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN101541673B (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TW200808649A (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2007143055A2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR058054A1 (es) * | 2005-09-22 | 2008-01-23 | Du Pont | Utilizacion de liquidos ionicos para la separacion de hidrofluorocarburos |
| US8075777B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2011-12-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the separation of diastereomers |
| US7964760B2 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2011-06-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the separation of fluorocarbons using ionic liquids |
| KR100944804B1 (ko) * | 2009-05-19 | 2010-02-26 | 삼성엔지니어링 주식회사 | 방향족 화합물과 지방족 화합물을 포함하는 혼합액으로부터의 방향족 화합물의 분리방법 |
| JP2013500152A (ja) * | 2009-07-29 | 2013-01-07 | コモンウェルス サイエンティフィック アンド インダストリアル リサーチ オーガニゼイション | イオン性液体 |
| US8692038B2 (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2014-04-08 | Showa Denko K.K. | Fluorine-containing compound purification method |
| EP2776405A1 (en) | 2011-11-11 | 2014-09-17 | Pfizer Inc | 2-thiopyrimidinones |
| CN102399126A (zh) * | 2011-12-19 | 2012-04-04 | 天津市泰源工业气体有限公司 | 精馏与吸附组合提纯制备高纯四氟甲烷的方法 |
| MA41688A (fr) * | 2014-10-16 | 2017-08-22 | Honeywell Int Inc | Procédé de séparation de fluorure d'hydrogène de mélanges fluorure d'hydrogène/hydrocarbures halogénés au moyen de liquides ioniques |
| CN104788283B (zh) * | 2015-03-12 | 2016-08-24 | 福建三农化学农药有限责任公司 | 一种六氟丙烯生产裂解气的双线精馏方法及精馏设备 |
| MX382097B (es) | 2015-05-05 | 2025-03-13 | Pfizer | 1-(2-aminoetil)-6-(2-(2-hidroxietoxi)-5-metilfenil)-2-tioxo-2,3-dihidropirimidin-4(1h)-ona, y el uso del mismo para tratar afecciones cardiovasculares. |
| CN105920992B (zh) * | 2016-06-21 | 2018-08-21 | 浙江大学 | 一种利用碱性功能化离子液体捕集一氧化氮的方法 |
| CN106316779B (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2019-02-05 | 山东东岳高分子材料有限公司 | 一种从四氟乙烯副产物中回收高纯度三氟乙烯的方法 |
| FR3081601B1 (fr) * | 2018-05-28 | 2020-09-04 | Roquette Freres | Determination predictive de potentiels chimiques d'exces |
| CN108911946B (zh) * | 2018-06-04 | 2024-05-07 | 阿科玛（常熟）氟化工有限公司 | 一种离子液体用于脱除氟代化合物中hf的方法 |
| US11034669B2 (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2021-06-15 | Nuvation Bio Inc. | Pyrrole and pyrazole compounds and methods of use thereof |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2085969T3 (es) * | 1990-09-07 | 1996-06-16 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Proceso para tratar un gas que contiene hidrocarburo halogenado. |
| US5827602A (en) * | 1995-06-30 | 1998-10-27 | Covalent Associates Incorporated | Hydrophobic ionic liquids |
| CA2306800A1 (en) * | 1997-11-10 | 1999-05-20 | Chein-Ping Chai Kao | Process for purifying perfluorinated products |
| US6458249B2 (en) * | 1997-11-10 | 2002-10-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for purifying perfluorinated products |
| BR0208176B1 (pt) * | 2001-03-20 | 2011-09-20 | processo para separar lìquidos ou gases condensáveis no estado condensado. | |
| US6579343B2 (en) * | 2001-03-30 | 2003-06-17 | University Of Notre Dame Du Lac | Purification of gas with liquid ionic compounds |
| WO2003086605A2 (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-10-23 | University Of South Alabama | Functionalized ionic liquids, and methods of use thereof |
| US20050016829A1 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2005-01-27 | Miller Ralph Newton | Distillation process for reducing the concentration of dinitrogen difluoride and dinitrogen tetrafluoride in nitrogen trifluoride |
| DE10336556A1 (de) * | 2003-08-05 | 2005-03-10 | Basf Ag | Destillatives Verfahren zur Trennung von engsiedenden oder azeotropen Gemischen unter Verwendung von ionischen Flüssigkeiten |
| DE102004024967A1 (de) | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-08 | Basf Ag | Neue Absorptionsmedien für Absorptionswärmepumpen, Absorptionskältemaschinen und Wärmetransformatoren |
| US7638058B2 (en) * | 2005-04-07 | 2009-12-29 | Matheson Tri-Gas | Fluid storage and purification method and system |
| US7314962B2 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2008-01-01 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. | Alkylation of aromatic compounds |
| AR058054A1 (es) * | 2005-09-22 | 2008-01-23 | Du Pont | Utilizacion de liquidos ionicos para la separacion de hidrofluorocarburos |
| US8313558B2 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2012-11-20 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for separation of tetrafluoroethylene from carbon dioxide using ionic liquids |
| US8536371B2 (en) * | 2007-04-02 | 2013-09-17 | University Of South Alabama | Carbon dioxide scrubbing using ionic materials |
| US8075777B2 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2011-12-13 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the separation of diastereomers |
| US7964760B2 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2011-06-21 | E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for the separation of fluorocarbons using ionic liquids |
| US20100143994A1 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2010-06-10 | E. I. Du Pont De Memours And Company | Process for fermentive preparation of alcohols and recovery of product |
| US8779220B2 (en) * | 2011-05-10 | 2014-07-15 | E I Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Capture of fluorinated vinyl monomers using ionic liquids |
-
2007
- 2007-05-30 TW TW096119222A patent/TW200808649A/zh unknown
- 2007-05-30 US US11/755,367 patent/US8771626B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-31 JP JP2009513281A patent/JP5266211B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-31 KR KR1020087031727A patent/KR20090024742A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2007-05-31 CN CN2007800197198A patent/CN101541673B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-05-31 EP EP07795562.3A patent/EP2021276B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2007-05-31 WO PCT/US2007/012873 patent/WO2007143055A2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20090024742A (ko) | 2009-03-09 |
| JP5266211B2 (ja) | 2013-08-21 |
| WO2007143055A3 (en) | 2009-05-14 |
| US20070297965A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
| US8771626B2 (en) | 2014-07-08 |
| EP2021276B1 (en) | 2013-07-17 |
| EP2021276A2 (en) | 2009-02-11 |
| CN101541673A (zh) | 2009-09-23 |
| JP2009541212A (ja) | 2009-11-26 |
| WO2007143055A2 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
| CN101541673B (zh) | 2013-08-21 |
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