TW200806926A - Heavy oil modulator for energy saving and environmental protection - Google Patents

Abstract

This invension is a heavy oil modulator for energy saving and environmental protection which is an online modulation on the constituents of heavy fuel oil. It includes a modulating unit for modulating the additives of the environmental heavy oil, a modulating unit for the energy saving and environmental heavy oil, an auxiliary cooling unit for the shaft seal of the fuel mixer, a fuel supply unit, a central power distribution control panel for controlling the actions of the previous mentioned units, and an optional modulating unit for the emulsified heavy oil. By way of this design mentioned above, it allows the user online to modulate the proper mixed ratio for suitable usage of the energy saving and environmental heavy oil not only no more additional facilities of the storage and delivery but also efficient promotion of the competition and the economic effects by possessing higher liberty on the optimization of combustion efficiency of the heavy oil.

Description

200806926 IX. Inventive description: [Technical field of invention] The present invention belongs to the technical field of heavy oil blending, and specifically relates to a method for allowing a user to self-distribute himself on the line without modifying the burning equipment. The energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine used for energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil or emulsified heavy oil achieves the goal of self-sufficiency, thereby increasing incentives for users to use heavy oil more efficiently.

[Previous technology] Heavy fuel oil, also known as heavy fuel oil, has been widely used in the industry because of its high calorific value, relatively low price, and relatively safe storage. It has become a food, textile, and building material. The metallurgy, ceramics, power generation, and marine industries are the main fuels for the boiler burner (Fuel Burner) and the heavy oil internal combustion engine (internalC〇mbusti〇nEngine). However, due to the high viscosity of heavy oil, high impurity, and high sulphur content, there are difficulties in the transportation and practical use of heavy oil, and there are also great use efficiency and environmental protection problems; for example, transportation The purpose is that the user reduces the viscosity of the heavy oil by heating continuously; when the colloidal Asphaltene in the heavy oil absorbs the coking reaction and deposits on the bottom of the oil tank and the pipe wall of the pipeline~ The pipeline and the nozzle are easily blocked, or cause Heavy oil can not be atomized to produce combustion = incomplete phenomenon; in the case of complete combustion, heavy oil contains 有效 effective: conversion to heat, resulting in energy loss, also: has become a serious air pollution problem. Although the 'market on how to effectively use heavy oil has been revived 200806926, including the homogenization of heavy oil (touch geniza derivative (five)), emulsifying heavy oil (Emulsified), or adding additives in heavy oil, etc. The characteristics of good heavy oil to improve the efficiency of heavy oil combustion save fuel and reduce air pollution. However, because these methods have their own blind spots, and most of them must be modified to be applicable to combustion equipment, causing users' doubts. Therefore, although there is a lot of relevant information available in the market on the market, the operators who have adopted these programs and implemented them are still not popular enough; the following is a brief introduction to relevant issues. The problem caused by the composition of the heavy oil is the residual oil remaining in the bottom of the distillation column in the Crude Oil Topping Process, or the tower produced by the Naphtha Cracker. Bottom Oil is collectively referred to as heavy fuel oil, residual oil, or Decant Oil. Its calorific value is between 39000-41000KJ/KG, which is a fuel oil with high calorific value. However, due to the complexity of the composition of heavy oil, in addition to the hydrocarbons which are the main source of calorific value and high in carboniferous bonds, impurities such as ash, colloidal sap, sap, moisture, sludge, and sulfide are also contained. In addition to the high viscosity characteristics of heavy oil, the material does not contribute to the quality of heavy oil, but it requires the user to spend a lot of effort to eliminate the problems caused by the high viscosity of heavy oil. It is summarized as follows: 1·1 high oil Viscosity problems caused by transportation and use Due to the heavy viscosity of heavy oil, such as cSt (Centistokes) dynamic viscosity, the viscosity of heavy oil for general low-sulfur steel furnace at 50 °C is about 50cSt (ASTM D445). At 30t: it is above 150cSt; power and industrial heavy oil has a viscosity of 400~600cSt at 501, and its viscosity is above 1000oSt at 3〇t 7 200806926; while marine fuel oil varies according to grade, but For example, in the case of MF180, the dynamic viscosity I80cst at a temperature of 5 ° C is as high as 550 cSt at 30 ° C, while the MF 380 is at a temperature of 5 (TC cohesive, 380 cSt, and at 30 ° C is as high as 800 cSt or more. therefore, It is impossible to use the oil directly to the internal combustion engine or the burner to use it under normal temperature without heating. Therefore, to use heavy oil, it is necessary to heat and heat the heavy oil first; the higher the viscosity, the higher the heating temperature is. Therefore, in order to transport and use heavy oil, it is necessary to have heating equipment, and the heavy oil is kept, and the shell is heated. Otherwise, the heavy oil cannot be transported and used. However, due to repeated repetition - the result of heating, the heavy oil contains The colloidal asphalt will produce a coking reaction, which will not only form a colloidal sludge adhering to the pipe wall or the bottom of the oil tank, but also will deposit in the pipeline to have a significant impact on storage and transportation. When entering the nozzle of a heavy oil burner or engine, it will also cause heavy oil. Can not completely atomize and affect the combustion efficiency, serious B code will cause the burner or engine nozzle to block and turn off, resulting in a major work safety accident. 1·2 The effect of colloidal asphalt in the heavy oil on the combustion process # Depending on the method of burning heavy oil When making a distinction, the burner can be divided into two types: internal combustion and external combustion; if it is distinguished by the type of combustion equipment, it can be burned. The equipment is divided into two types: internal combustion engine and combustion engine. However, no matter which type is used, it is necessary to heat the heavy oil to a certain temperature first, then spray it through the nozzle to make the oil droplets form an oil mist, and let the oil droplets of a single individual The molecular size is as small as a few micrometers (micron) or even less than micrometers, so that one of the mother particles in the oil mist can be assisted by a small proportion of combustion aids (oxygen) to achieve combustion. The content of colloidal asphalt is high, and the cohesive force is very high. 200806926 =, especially in the case of continuous heating, coking reaction is easy to occur, in which the resin playing the natural anti-coagulant (Resin) will follow the hydrocarbon with less carbon bond. The compound moves to the surface layer of the heavy oil storage tank, and the colloidal asphalt precipitates the sludge to the bottom of the oil tank. The colloidal asphalt which has not settled to the suction port of the bottom of the oil tank is sucked into the inflow line and enters the combustion system, causing serious problems; The particle size of the colloidal asphalt contained in the heavy oil is often as high as 60-7 μm (6〇一〇〇^^cron), when passing through the nozzle, due to its large viscosity The oil droplets wrapped in the colloidal asphalt cannot be dispersed into micron-sized mist particles. The amount of oxygen contained in the oil droplets is too large, and the result is that the combustion is incomplete and the combustion is incomplete. Under the exhaust gas, there will be mixed unburned suspended particles, also known as black smoke, causing serious environmental problems. The effect of water in the heavy oil of the sputum and mouth 1.3 on the combustion is generally between 0.3 and 2.0%. 'When the water is precipitated from the heavy oil, 'if the heavy oil is not homogenized first', the water cannot be completely In the case of complete stratification with heavy oil, water and heavy oil will be incomplete emulsified. When the incompletely emulsified heavy oil is heated to a temperature close to 100 C, the water will rapidly vaporize into water vapor. In the process of vaporization, water will absorb the surrounding heat, reduce the temperature of the oil mist of the flame i, and even cause the flame to fail to induce the fuel mist, so that some heavy oil can not be burned. Finally, these unburned heavy oils are exhausted with the exhaust gas. Tube ^ only wastes energy, and it will cause serious air pollution. More serious brothers are the formation of fire and fuel injection, causing major accidents. Lunar New Year 2. Heavy oil homogenization and emulsified heavy oil 2.1 Fuel oil droplets miniaturization and combustion 9 200806926 Discount, oxygen combustion is required for mass combustion, and no substance can be burned under vacuum and oxygen deficiency environment. This combustion theory is of course also applicable. In the oil (including heavy soil I, burning inside), the fuel oil can be burned by the oxygen that can be burned, and the more oxygen is contained, the higher the efficiency of combustion, which is why the material we marry is facing the combustion chamber. Air blowing is used to increase the cause of ^ =. Therefore, in order to improve the combustion efficiency of heavy oil, it is necessary to increase the amount of oxygen in the oil. For this purpose, only the oil droplets with a large amount of electricity are turned into extremes. A small but large number of misty particles allow all fine oil droplets to contact the air as much as possible to obtain sufficient oxygen to fully burn. This theory can be demonstrated as follows: Suppose a heavy oil as a unit of measurement has a diameter of oil droplets. 1〇〇# (0· 1mm) 'The surface area is 4; rr2 = 4*3. 1416* (0. lmm/2)2 := 4*3· 1416*0· 〇〇25mm2 = 0· 03146mm2, I assume a surface area of 1mm2 Oil droplets can obtain 0. 01 grams (〇〇 lg) of oxygen, then a diameter of 100 / / (〇 · lmm) oil droplets have a surface area of 〇 · 03146 delete 2 available combustion improver (oxygen) is 〇 · 〇 lg X 〇· 〇3146mm2/lmm2 = 〇· 〇〇〇3146g (grams). Now if the oil droplets with a diameter of 100//(〇·;[legs) are chopped into 8 particles, each tiny oil The diameter of the droplet is about 5〇# (〇·〇5〇面), then the surface area of each tiny oil droplet is =4 7Γ r2 = 4*3. 1416* (0.05mm/2)2= 0.007854 mm2, It is assumed that an oil droplet with a surface area of imm2 can obtain 0. 01 gram (O.Olg) of oxygen, and the oxygen that can be obtained for each tiny oil droplet is (KOlg X 0.007854 mm2 /1mm2 = 0· 00007854 g ' The total amount of oxygen can be obtained from 8 oil droplets zz 0·00007854g*8=0.00062832 g. 200806926 By analogy, the oil droplets are now chopped into 64 small oil droplets, and the total surface area of 64 oil droplets is 〇1256. Obtained

〇.〇〇1256g' If it is chopped into small oil droplets, 20= The total surface area of the tiny oil droplets is G.399 mm2, and the available oxygen is 0.00399g. It can be proved that the oil droplets are crushed to make it smaller and the number of oil droplets is 'the more the total amount of oxygen that can be obtained, the better the combustion efficiency; Or the internal combustion engine should use the nozzle to atomize the heavy oil into a small amount of small particles, which is the theoretical basis for the miniaturization of the oil droplets. Reference formula: Chopped into η drops, all oil radius = Γ, oil droplet surface area is 4; rr2, the total surface area of the drop Sn can be calculated as: 1. Oil droplet radius = rn = R2 / 3 / n2 2 · oil droplets Total surface area sn = 47Γη X R2/3 /v 2· 2 Homogenization of heavy oil. According to the theory of oil droplet miniaturization, some manufacturers have developed various types of oil homogenizers to obtain miniaturization of oil droplets. Features. Depending on the method, basically, the oil homogenizer can be divided into a high-speed shearing method, or a sound-wave oscillating method, and a static-type static mixer (a static mixer) in which a curved wave plate is arranged in a pipe. In addition to the static homogenizer, which is mainly used for agitation, most oil homogenizers that use high-speed shear or ultrasonic methods have the ability to crush fuel oil to 5 micron (〇.(10)5mm). The ability to break fuel oil to less than 1 micr〇n (0.001mm) has also been adopted. 11 200806926 However, although the homogenization of heavy oil by oil homogenizer has a certain degree of benefit to the quality of heavy oil, it seems that only after the heavy oil is introduced into the heavy oil burner or heavy oil engine can the oil be completely atomized and burned. Depending on the performance of the nozzle, according to the currently marketed heavy oil burner or heavy oil engine, the performance of the nozzle has been optimized to the utmost extent. After the heavy oil is warmed into the nozzle, no more can be carried out. The optimization step makes the oil mist in the combustion chamber become finer and improves its combustion efficiency.

In other words, the heavy oil is homogenized before the heavy oil is introduced into the nozzle, and in addition to the problem that the colloidal asphalt can be easily deposited, the molecular weight of the heavy oil droplets can be effectively reduced, and the (4) contained in the heavy oil can also be combined. It becomes smaller and is sent to the combustion chamber through the nozzle to burn. However, in terms of the efficiency of the oil extraction in the cooking chamber, the simple heavy oil homogenization can not provide any shelling aid. The emulsification of the heavy oil is due to the simple oil. The product homogenization is the neck of money efficiency. Therefore, the scientists are targeting heavy oil via J; the bottle f can make the misty oil first. = Scientists have proposed the theory of using emulsified heavy oil, and the evolution of the following years, Has entered the practical stage, in addition to the inside of the production of 10 Oli oil (〇rinoco () il): the US committee; ^ pull large-scale mainland China also has oil companies set up an emulsified heavy day 5, Australia, production and provision (10) Re-visiting customers (4) The academic basis for starting and reducing pollution is as follows. Heavy oil Kelang province fuel proportioned water (the so-called heavy oil emulsification is blended in heavy oil _ 12 200806926 often m Coffee), then the homogenizer will be the weight of the water (Homogenizati °n), so that it will form a petroleum scale continuous phase and the water is the dispersed phase S into the water inoil of the water _ Qing An Shui mixes everything into a continuous phase, and the oil is in the form of a dispersed phase. Particle size of emulsified oil droplets η tT;:rT,5/1000ram)^ Heavy oil heating narration (4)対

Shape, and then use the different physics of heavy oil and water _ two diverticulum, due to the high temperature conditions of the 成 成 包裹 包裹 包裹 包裹 包裹 包裹 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 八 接近When the surface tension is 'will make the emulsified oil drop M1Cr〇explosion) phenomenon, also known as 2 times atomization, and the oil of the liquefied heavy oil is broken into more tiny particles, so that the inside = burning indoor The oil droplets of the fuel heavy oil become finer, and the number of eves 'to get more oxygen and oxygen' to form a better dragon burning condition. At the same time, the oxygen contained in the high-speed vaporization combines with the two particles in the oil droplets to become carbon oxide and is mixed. Therefore, in addition to improving the combustion efficiency of the heavy oil, the water is also improved. Overcome the environmental problems caused by incomplete combustion of oil. 3. The problem of the promotion of emulsified heavy oil Although the theory of emulsification of heavy oil to improve the efficiency of heavy oil combustion and the reduction of air pollution has a theoretical basis, there has been actual evidence for j, illusion G for years, emulsified 4 oil The use of the still failed to complete two: and. There are several key issues that are extremely important, and these problems are only 7^ and the operators are actively adopting emulsified heavy oil. The key issues of these 13 200806926 are summarized as follows. 3.1 Physical properties of emulsified heavy oil

Emulsified heavy oil is a product that is homogenized after heavy oil is watered. The surface tension of heavy oil and water is different. The two basically have mutual exclusion = this, although the two are mixed together and homogenized, the emulsified heavy oil is not yet Before being sent to the burner, the temperature is continuously increased in the oil tank by more than 9 (when TC or more is 1) because the boiling point of water is low, the water will start to evaporate and then break out (called demulsification), which affects the stability of the emulsified heavy oil. Sexuality, this situation that is prone to demulsification is also known as the instability of emulsified heavy oil. In order to improve this kind of mud, manufacturers producing emulsified heavy oil will try to improve the performance of the homogenous machine or emulsifier, in order to improve The water-in-oil granules of the emulsified heavy oil become smaller, even smaller than i micr〇n, so that the oil and water are better combined, and (4) the secret of breaking the milk. However, since the emulsified heavy oil still has a limitation on the physical properties of the present, the use of the emulsified heavy oil from the completion of the production to the delivery of the second combustion machine may cause a demulsification due to the growth of the demulsification phenomenon. (10) The long-term system can even maintain a feasible solution for a long time, but because the ratio of oil to water in the process of making clothes is not necessarily a separate case, therefore, it is still necessary to achieve full applicability ^ ^ The main method to solve the phenomenon of demulsification is to add a ritual agent (interfacial agent) in addition to heavy oil and water, and to combine water and oil through the interface agent tightly. The milk phenomenon can be maintained for a long time, and the emulsification is improved. ^ The efficiency of the operation. However, the problem of adding a emulsifier to the emulsified heavy oil to delay the calorific value of the emulsified heavy oil is 200806926. Although the use of emulsified heavy oil can improve the combustion efficiency and reduce the air pollution, it is undoubted, but the water infiltrated by the emulsified heavy oil. In vaporization, it is a phase change process (from liquid to vapor), and water absorbs the heat around itself (called latent heat absorption) during the phase change; this latent heat absorption effect In addition to absorbing the heat of the misty oil droplets, it also absorbs the heat of the fire, and the heat at the outermost periphery of the flame, especially the flame tip, is lowered, resulting in a problem that the flame lacks rigidity; in general, emulsification is used. When heavy oil is used, _ depending on the amount of heavy oil added, the total calorific value is also reduced. The ratio of the ratio of water addition to the reduction of calorific value is about 1〇〇%: 7〇%. For example, when 20% water is added to heavy oil to prepare emulsified heavy oil, the total calorific value is about 丨4% when using an equal volume of emulsified heavy oil. If 10% of water is added, the total calorific value is about 7%. So on and so forth. The reduction in the value of this heat value is beyond the error range of the expected value of the calorific value of the heavy oil, and thus invisibly hinders some customers who are willing to use the emulsified heavy oil. Spring 3·3 heavy oil burner or heavy oil engine needs to be modified. Since the emulsified heavy oil is changed, the combustion conditions suddenly change. The original heavy oil burner or heavy oil engine needs to be modified or adjusted. However, the emulsified heavy oil on the market Supply pipelines are not very common, and different suppliers have different formulas for emulsified heavy oil. If you want to use emulsified heavy oil of specific ingredients provided by 4 inch 疋 manufacturers, you may need emulsified heavy oil according to the preparation. Characteristics, the heavy oil burner or heavy oil engine is adjusted to adapt to this type of emulsified heavy oil. In this case, as the heavy oil source is monopolized by the head, there will be great psychological obstacles for the industry, which is also emulsification 15 200806926 heavy / Another important reason that cannot be effectively promoted. [Appropriate solution] In order to effectively promote the use of emulsified heavy oil, it is necessary to provide appropriate solutions according to the above-mentioned key problems, and this solution must contain the following key elements: A. It is necessary to effectively improve the emulsified heavy oil. The problem of easy demulsification makes the emulsified heavy oil have high stability for convenient storage and use.

B. It is necessary to effectively improve the heat value of the emulsified heavy oil and the lack of rigidity of the flame. The operator is not to use the emulsified heavy oil because of the decrease in heat value and the lack of rigidity of the flame. D. It is necessary to make it easy for the user to use the emulsified heavy oil, and it is necessary to allow the user to have autonomous space to adjust the proportion of oil, water and additives in the emulsified heavy oil to optimize the fuel oil. E, and finally, the most important key element is that the formulated emulsified heavy oil must have the same characteristics as the original heavy oil. In addition to the advantage of viscosity reduction, the other characteristics of the emulsified heavy oil (pr〇perties) should be the same as the original unmixed heavy oil. Similar, so that users do not have to modify the burner or heavy oil engine significantly, effectively remove the user's psychological barriers, and are willing to use emulsified heavy oil. In view of this, the inventor has been engaged in the development of related industries for many years, and has been deeply involved in the discussion of the problem of solving the problem of oil (4) and solving the problem, and has been seeking solutions. After long-term research and development, Successfully developed an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine to bury the problems associated with emulsified heavy oil. The present invention is mainly to provide an energy-saving and environmentally friendly oil-dispensing machine that can be operated on-line, so that the user can be self-reliant on the line without modifying the burning equipment. The energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil or emulsifying soil has been used to achieve the goal of 'β self-sufficiency, so as to increase the incentive for users to use heavy oil more efficiently.

To this end, the present invention mainly achieves the objects and effects of the present invention by the following technical means. It comprises: , w Γ oil addition unit, including - storage only composite heavy oil two -: 2:2 storage tank ΤΚ - 3, a storage of environmentally friendly heavy oil additives - 40, storage tank ΤΚ - 4, a group Compound heavy oil emulsifier transfer pump Ρ-3, one, and clean water transfer pump Ρ-2, a group of oil homogenizer HR-9 (10), and a net - 2 ' and link these remarks _ exempt, control valve, Flowing, searching, etc.

An energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit, including one heavy =, one set of oil homogenizers (four) coffee... only energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil = Weizhong County Jiaji trough τκ_4 [with heavy oil additive already 7 早 early] a group of ring oil Additive transfer pump Bu 4, = transmission = Ρ-1, and the tube connecting the components; valves, flow meters, etc.; and the sample assembly, the shaft sealing cooling unit of the product homogenizer, the cooling unit attached Hanged under the production == force distribution unit, including a clean water storage [: % weight maintenance oil additive deployment unit competition], a group of cooling / and the pipeline line connecting the components, control valves, etc. 1~5 , 17 200806926 Equipment of the apricot team # choose to use emulsified heavy oil. In terms of online, the components of this unit are not only the addition of a part of the management valve, but the main components are all made up of the two components of the above-mentioned two components. Case. This - unit ^

Τκ-1 [component competition with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit], a clean water storage tank ΤΚ-2 [competition with components of environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive blending unit I, - group storage of emulsified heavy oil (4) τκ-5 [with energy saving and environmental protection Heavy oil blending unit, fuel oil supply unit component competition, a group of heavy oil pump Ρ-1 [competition with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit], a group of water pump Ρ4 (cooperating with environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive pump) , a group of oil homogenizer HR-3000, and pipeline segments, control valves, flow meters, etc. linking these components; & a fuel oil supply unit, including a co-operation with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit% a heavy-duty oil storage tank ΤΚ-5, a set of fuel oil delivery pump Ρ-6, a control valve, a pipe fitting, and a pipeline connecting the process components, etc.; thereby, the present invention can be made by the foregoing technical means The energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil with appropriate proportion can be instantly distributed on the line, which not only does not need to add additional storage and transportation facilities, but also has high autonomy to carry out the most efficient combustion of heavy oil. Jiahua's work to enhance the competitiveness of the industry. In the following, with reference to the drawings and the drawings, a preferred embodiment will be further described, and the reviewer will have a more detailed understanding of the present invention, but the following is only for explaining the present invention. The preferred embodiments, and 18 200806926, are intended to be in the spirit of the invention in any form, and the remainder (4) is intended to be protected by the present invention. > Decoration or change, should still belong to the [Implementation]

Ring weight:: 'The energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine of the present invention includes 'the garment insurance heavy oil additive blending unit (10), - 匕3 has a matching unit (20), - an oil product f machine shaft seal heavy oil adjustment = The oil unit (5) and a group of central distribution control g5) Q i, and the complete set of "Miwei heavy oil blending equipment and a selected emulsified heavy oil blending unit (6 〇), the composition of the set yuan is as follows: Each process is a single environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive compounding unit (1〇). The ring compounding unit is mainly used for blending environmentally-friendly heavy oil. The component is composed of a storage compound with a set of liquid level detectors L s 2 -2 storage tank TK-3, a clean water storage tank τκ-2 with floating ball fv〇 and two pipeline filters FT1, FT2, a group of heavy oil emulsifier ς pump Ρ-3, one attached Group liquid level detector LS3 environmental protection heavy oil additive storage tank TK-4, a group of oil homogenizer HR-900, a group of water purification pump P2, five ball valves BV19, BV11, BV14, BV15, BV16, a group Check valve NV2, only gate valves GV3 and GV4, two flow meters FM3, FM4, one line filter PF1, and link this Pipeline segments of these components, etc.; an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit (20), which is used for energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit (20). The main components include a heavy oil storage tank TK-1, 19 200806926

The heavy oil storage tank TK-1 is equipped with an electric heater EH1, a set of liquid level detector LSI, and a set of temperature detectors including a switch ΤΜ-0, and an environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive storage tank TK-4. Group liquid level detector LS3 (cooperating with environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive blending unit), a group of heavy oil pump P-1, a group of environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive FDA-200 pump P-4, a group of oil homogenizer hr-3000 One set is equipped with a set of liquid level detectors [S4, a group of electric heaters EJJ2 and a temperature detector with switch 11-1 energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank τκ-5, seven ball valves BV0, BV2, BV4, BV5, BV6, BV7, BV8, two gate valves GV1, GV2, one check valve NV1, two flowmeters FM1, FM2, a basket filter BKF and a pipeline connecting the components; a homogenizer shaft The cooling unit (30) is sealed, and the shaft sealing cooling unit for the oil homogenizers HR-900 and HR-3000 is attached to the environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive mixing unit (10), which comprises a floating ball FV〇 Water purification tank TK-2 [combined with environmentally friendly heavy oil additive preparation process], a group of cooling water pump P-5, four ball valves BV19 BV11, BV12, BV13, four overlock que CK-1~CK4, -R Y type filter tube PIM ^ jm, and a batch of devices, control valves and valve link copy g

y fuel oil supply unit (40), the oil supply unit includes one with: heat exchanger EH2, the degree detector includes switch TM1, the liquid level debt detector can be taken away by the heavy oil storage tank TK- 5 [Combined with the energy-saving mixing unit (2 ())], a group of fuel oil pump P-6, two ball valves βνΐ7, βνΐ8, one gate valve GV5, group flow _, connected with external pipe (4) picking up the secret G2, FLG3, and the pipeline that combines this process with the process 2;

r Oil blending unit (6〇) 'The emulsified heavy oil blending unit I is part of the Qianbao heavy oil unit (2〇), which is == 20 200806926 used f, = for customers to choose to use emulsified heavy oil The situation is used. The milk heavy oil adjusting unit comprises a heavy oil storage tank ΤΚ_1, with a liquid level detector LSI, a temperature measuring device including a switch TM-〇 and an electric heater EH1 [with energy saving and environmental protection heavy oil f yuan!! Component competition], a group of heavy oil pump P-1 [competition with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending single το], a water storage tank TK-2, with a float, FV0 and two pipeline filters [with energy saving Environmentally friendly heavy oil blending f兀!! Component competition], a group of water pump P4 [competitive with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil = component of the unit], a group of oil homogenizer HR-3000 [with the section. Competing with the components of the environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit], one emulsification Heavy oil storage tank TK-5, including a liquid level detector lS4, a temperature detector with switch - TM, electric heater EH2 [competition with the components of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit]; and emulsified heavy oil blending unit and With ten ball valves BV〇, BV2, BV4, BV5, BV6, BV7, BV9, BV10, BVU, BV19, two gate valves GW, GV2, two flow meters FM1, FM2, one basket filter BKF, one The γ-type filter PF1 is connected to a check valve NV1 and a line connecting the components. In this way, the user can adjust the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil or the emulsified heavy φ oil suitable for the user on the line without modifying the combustion equipment, and constitute an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blender structure. Regarding the practical application of the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine of the present invention, please refer to the one disclosed in the first figure, wherein the environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive blending unit (10) mainly contains an interface agent, a stabilizer, a catalyst, and a combustion accelerator component. The composite heavy oil emulsifier FS-2 is mixed with water at a ratio of 1 to 3%: 99 to 97%, and then homogenized with an oil homogenizer HR-9, first formulated as a heavy oil additive. The FDA's 2 〇〇 environmentally friendly heavy oil additive is available. Another energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit (2〇) is to mix FDA-200 environmental protection 200806926 heavy oil additive with heavy oil at a ratio of 20~3〇%: 8〇~7〇% and then homogenize through homogenizer HR-3000. , made into a suitable section = environmentally friendly heavy oil for use in a burner or internal combustion engine.匕Because the blended energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil contains FDA-200, an environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive, and the environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive FDA-200 contains a compound heavy oil emulsifier FS-20, which contains a surfactant (such as polyethyl ether, benzenediol and other compounds). ), catalysts (such as zinc naphthenate, bismuth naphthenate, potassium permanganate, etc.), stabilizers (such as triethanolamine, unsaturated fatty acid polyol esters, octadecyltridecyl ammonium chloride and other compounds) ), as well as combustion promoters (such as naphthenate, acetylacetone, tetraacetaldehyde and other compounds), therefore, the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil formulated by the company is not only difficult to produce demulsification due to the action of stabilizers. And due to the action of the catalyst and the combustion promoter, when the environmentally-friendly heavy oil is burned, the carbon atoms in the water vapor and the oil can be decomposed and compounded at a high temperature to form argon gas, oxygen gas, and a gas-burning gas, and heavy oil. The burning of carbon atoms also produces a calorific value. Therefore, when burning, the use of the same volume of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil compared with the use of raw materials without adding any additives, the total calorific value generated by using energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil is only slightly reduced by 5% to 6%, and the proportion of this reduction It does not exceed the error range in which the heavy oil can generate calorific value. In particular, the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil component contains 20% to 30% of water and 3% to 6% of 6% of the composite heavy oil emulsifier FS-2. Therefore, the total amount of heavy oil consumed by the two is used. On the basis of this, the calorific value that can be produced by using energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil is relatively increased; this 22 200806926 situation and the situation of simply emulsified heavy oil, she can expect a large total heat value when the money is burned. Improve. Since the above-mentioned environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive blending unit (丨〇) and the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit (20) are separately independent processes, the online completion is performed, so that the user does not need to specially prepare a large-capacity storage tank. To store the environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive FDA-200 or energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil, you can adjust the compound heavy oil emulsifier FS-2 and the proportion of water according to the actual needs according to the characteristics of the burner or the internal combustion engine. The proportion of environmentally-friendly heavy oil additives and heavy oils is adjusted to the ratio of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil until the combustion efficiency of heavy oil is optimized. In addition to the foregoing process, the present invention also includes two selective paths. One is that the user can exchange the oil supply line for direct use of the undispensed heavy oil for direct supply of oil, and retains the use of the oil. The flexibility of the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil of the cockroaches, the second is not to use the ring FDA-200 to redistribute energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil, but directly emulsified the heavy oil and water' to prepare the emulsified heavy oil for online use. This design not only provides users with a chance to compare themselves to gradually find out the appropriate ratio of compound heavy oil emulsifier FS-2 to water; it can also gradually find the best match between FDA-200 and heavy oil. Proportion; or, users can directly deploy and use emulsified heavy oil on-line instead of using energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oils containing environmentally-friendly heavy oils and additives. These selective designs not only allow customers to have multiple choices for fuel use. At the same time, it is also possible for the user to obtain useful information when using the present invention. 23 200806926 As for the working flow of the embodiment of the present invention in actual use, please refer to the first embodiment shown in the first figure: environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive preparation process a. Before the operation, first inject the composite heavy oil emulsifier FS-2 into TK-3. , in τκ-2 / master / slogan ' and inject heavy oil in TK-1, or turn BV0 off 'BV1, BV2 open directly from the external heavy oil storage tank to introduce warmed heavy oil; b · open net Water output valves BV19, BV11, BV14, BV12, BV13, and GV3 c• Turn on the cooling water delivery pump P-5 to allow the cooling water to circulate the cooling line η through the CK3 valve into the shaft seal of the oil homogenizer HR-900 The cooling compartment cools the shaft seal and then returns to the clean water storage tank ΤΚ-2 via the CK4 and the filter FT1; the cooling water also enters the shaft of the oil homogenizer JJR-3000 via the trapping valve CK1 via the pipeline 13 Seal the cooling compartment to cool the shaft seal' and then return to the clean water storage tank ΤΚ-2 by the seal valve CK2 and the filter FT2; d·Start the heater ΕΗ1 to start heating the heavy oil in the heavy oil storage tank ΤΚ-1, heating The required temperature depends on the nature of the heavy oil until the viscosity of the heavy oil It is suitable for pumping below 70cSt; for example, if the general low-sulfur boiler oil and marine heavy oil MF-30 are heated to 50 °c, the viscosity will drop below 50 cSt; the ship's heavy fuel oil MF380 will be heated to 80 °C. , the viscosity will drop to 60cSt; while the power generation and industrial heavy oil will be heated to 90~1〇〇 °C, the viscosity will drop below 70cSt, and so on; but if the heated heavy oil is introduced from the outside, then this is omitted. One step; e·Open composite heavy oil emulsifier FS_2 output control valve BV16 and gate valve 24 200806926 GV-4 ; f. Open the storage channel control valve of environmentally friendly heavy oil additive FDA-200 Βνΐ5· g. Synchronous start heavy oil emulsifier transfer pump Ρ- 3, water purification pump, 'and oil homogenizer HR-900, let the composite heavy oil emulsifier FS_2 and < to 1-3%: 97-99% ratio into the oil homogenizer book The environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive FDA-200 is ready for production. The heavy oil additive FDA-200 enters the environmentally-friendly heavy oil and adds the second FDA-200 storage tank TK-4. (IV) Example 2: Energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil preparation process a·Open ball valve BV0 (or BV1), BV2, BV4, BV5, BV6, BV7, BV8 and gate valves GV1 and GV2;

b·Start heavy oil transfer pump P-1, oil homogenizer HR-3〇〇〇, and environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive transfer pump P-4, start heavy oil and environmentally friendly heavy oil additive FDA-200 to 70~80%: 20~30 The proportion of % is sent to the oil homogenizer HR-3000 to start to allocate energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil, and enter the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank TK-5 according to the pipeline 19, when the liquid level of the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil touches the preset point of the liquid level detector LS4 The electric heater eh2 starts to start and continues to heat up to heat the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil to 9〇~1〇{rc, ready for use by the burner or internal combustion engine. Example 3 ·························································································································· P-6 sends energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil to the burner fbn or internal combustion engine, and the combustion system begins to use energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil. Example 4: Process for formulating emulsified heavy oil (optional process 1) a· Close the ball valve M8, open BV7, BV9, BV10, BV11, BV19 匕 Open the ball valve step 0 (or 趴 1), 6 ¥ 2 邝 ¥ 4, 6¥5,6¥6 and gate valve〇¥1 and GV2; c·Synchronous start water purification pump P-4 (cooperating with environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive pump) and heavy oil pump P-1, heavy oil and water to 70~ 80%: 20~30〇/〇 ratio is sent to the oil homogenizer HR-3000, and the emulsified heavy oil is started to enter the emulsified heavy oil storage tank TK-5 (cooperating with the environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank Ί1-5). Example 5: Use Emulsified heavy oil process (optional process 2) a·BV17, BV18 and GV5 are opened; b. Three-way valve 3WV to pipelines 21 and 22 are intercommunicated, and lines 21 and 02 are interrupted. c•Start fuel oil pump P_6 will emulsify The heavy oil is sent to the burner FBN or the internal combustion engine, and the combustion system begins to use the emulsified heavy oil. Example 6: Selecting un-dispensed heavy oil (optional process 3) a• Converting 3WV three-way valve into 02 line segment and 22 line segment, and line segment 02 and line segment 21 closed b) Opening BV0 (or BV1) , BV2, BV3, BV18, GV5 c· Shutdown BV4 26 200806926 d·Start fuel oil pump P-6, start service oil or internal combustion engine oil supply, work can be understood from the above (four) Ming's energy saving and environmental protection heavy oil The characteristics of the blending machine include: 1. Using the energy-saving ring oil formulated by the present invention, the use of heavy oil can be saved, and the emission of air pollutants can be reduced; for example, using a ring, weight = 20% of water, heat When the values are similar, it can save more than 2% of the heavy oil in the oil. The emission of nitrogen oxides N〇x can be reduced by about 20% _ ^, - the emission of sulfur oxides (S〇2) can be reduced by more than 6 (10), carbon monoxide C0 ) and suspended particles (suspendedsoHd), that is, the emission of black smoke can be reduced by more than 50%. 2 The Maoming environmentally-friendly heavy oil system is formulated by a two-stage, continuous and uniform process. Therefore, the degree of stability and uniformity of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil is only one stage of operation. Emulsified heavy oil is better. 3. The spare circuit with flexible use of the invention has the multiple selectivity of allowing the use of materials to be environmentally-friendly heavy oil, or using emulsified heavy oil, or using π heavy oil, but can eliminate the user's mental disorder. 4. In all the storage tanks of the present invention, a liquid level controller is installed to start and stop the pump. (3) Le control 5, the main preparation process of the present invention includes fine adjustment, and can finely adjust and control the flow rate of different liquids to carry out the ratio of the two composite heavy oil emulsifier Fs-2 and water, and adjust the environmental protection. 1 1 Optimization of FDA-200 and heavy oil hydrazine ratio. / Timing 6, the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank TK-5 and heavy oil storage and storage of the invention 27 200806926 The liquid level controller provided in conjunction with the electric heater EHl or EH2 can be operated safely.乂Protection 7. The P-2 clean water transfer pump and the p_3 composite heavy oil transfer pump of the present invention are equipped with a manual stepless speed changer, so that the user can self-adjust and fine-tune the environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive FDA_2〇〇, heavy oil emulsifier Fs_2, $ The amount of oil fed to achieve the goal of system optimization. In summary, the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine of the present invention can be combined with heavy oil emulsifier money, so that the present invention not only: all the elements of the [appropriate solution], but also (4) on the immediate deployment (four) self-help (four) energy saving Circulating oil, force, big _ transport facilities to store emulsified heavy oil; but also can have the same self-recorded to ride the heavy oil efficiency optimization cylinder, in order to chase the 'this invention is indeed a new progressive creation In the :: technology, the field has not seen the same or similar technology or products have been used △ open here 'in this invention has been consistent with the 'is issued according to the law (4) please, pray for the day to issue the case / 28 200806926 [Simple description of the drawings] The first figure is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine of the present invention, which is used to explain its constitutional state and relative relationship. [Related process code description] (10) Environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive blending unit (20) Energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit (30) Oil homogenizer shaft seal cooling unit (40) Fuel oil supply unit (50) Central distribution control panel (60) Emulsified heavy oil blending unit selected [main component box: number description] TK-1 heavy oil storage tank TK-2 water storage tank TK-3 compound heavy oil emulsifier storage tank TK-4 environmentally friendly heavy oil additive storage tank TK-5 energy saving and environmental protection heavy oil Storage tank/emulsified heavy oil storage tank HR-900 Oil homogenizer HR-3000 Oil homogenizer P-1 Heavy oil transfer pump P-2 Purified water transfer pump P-3 Composite heavy oil emulsifier transfer pump P-4 Environmentally friendly heavy oil additive conveying Pump / purified water pump P-5 cooling water pump P-6 fuel oil pump BV0-BV19 ball valve 29 200806926

GV1~GV5 Gate valve NV1 -NV2 Check valve FM1~FM5 Flowmeter FV0 Float valve LSI~LS4 Level detector CK1~CK4 Copy valve EH1-EH2 Heater (tube) BKF Basket filter FT1-FT2 Pipeline filtration PF1 Y-type filter FLG1-FL flange joint TM0~TM1 temperature detector with G3 off MC-1 central distribution control panel 30

Claims (1)

200806926 h, the scope of application for patents: 1, a kind of environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine, which includes: Adding a coffee with a single 7^, which contains a storage tank for the composite heavy agent (T[3), - only the library Storage tank for environmentally-friendly heavy oil additives =-4), -Group compound heavy oil emulsifier transfer pump (p_3), group water purification unit oil / ° homogenizer (HR_900) and a water storage tank and link these components Pipeline line segment, etc.; (TK environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit, including - heavy oil storage tank), and oil homogenizer (HR-3000), an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil ^ (^'-_ 保重油添加剂送粟二_= pipeline segment, etc.; from the oil-sealing machine shaft seal cooling unit that connects the components, the seal is cooled, and the oil homogenizer shaft seal cooling unit is attached; the machine is equipped with the additive unit , including - only the water purification oil additive additive affinity), - when the money is hiding (P = environmental protection valve, filter, and the line segment connecting the components;) 'copying a fuel oil for The oil unit's contain - energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tanks (τκ-5) that are only in competition with the energy-saving ring Gt; by 酉 酉 (P-6WX and this - recorded parts linked to ^ ^ wheel suitable sputum and pipe materials; (4), flow smart 'to allow users to change the I burning equipment τ Self-distribution of energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil suitable for use on the line ^ 31 = 200806926 The oil is built to form an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blender structure. 搀 Ganru applied for the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine mentioned in item 1. The environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive preparation unit is provided with a compound heavy oiling agent storage tank (TK-3) equipped with a liquid level preparation device (LS2), a group of oil products=quality machine (10), and a purified water storage tank (τκ_2). ) equipped with a float bulbing pump (P-3), a set of purified water transporting fruit (p_2), and a 3 • weighting oil addition _ tank (τκ_4), and the upper liquid is 贞qing (10)); A ball valve (BV16), a check valve (NV2), a gate valve (GV4), and a pipeline for the storage tank of the composite heavy oil emulsifier (τκ_3) and the oil homogenizer (HR-900) are connected. Flowmeter (FM4); a ball valve is provided on the pipeline connecting the environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive storage tank (TK-4) and the oil homogenizer (HR_9〇〇) BV15); in the water storage tank (τκ_2) and the oil homogenizer (HR-900) ^ is equipped with three ball valves (BV19, BV11, bv14), a filter (PF1), - gate valve (GV3) and a flow Count (F13). 3. The energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit comprises a heavy oil storage tank (TK-1) with an electric heater (EH1) and a set of liquid Bit Detector (LSI) and a set of temperature detectors with switches (TM0), a set of heavy oil transfer pumps (p-1), a group of environmentally friendly heavy oil additive transfer pumps (P-4), one with liquid level LS3's environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive storage tank (TK-4, combined with environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive formulation), a group of oil homogenizers (HR-3000), and an energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank (TK-5) It is equipped with liquid level detector (LS4) and electric heater (EH2) and temperature detector with switch (TM1); it is connected between heavy oil storage tank (τκ-1) and oil homogenizer (HR-3000). There are four ball valves (bv〇, 32 200806926 BV2, BV4, BV5), one basket filter (BKF), one gate (GV1), one check valve (NV1) and one flow meter (FM1). Two ball valves (BV8, BV7) and one gate valve (〇72) are installed on the pipeline between the environmentally-friendly heavy oil additive storage tank (TK-4) and the oil homogenizer (HR-3(10)〇). A flow meter (Jie || 2), in both oil laminator (HR-3000) and the energy saving provided with a ball valve (BV6) between the heavy oil reservoir (τκ-5). 4. For example, the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine described in claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the oil homogenizer shaft seal cooling unit is provided with a water storage tank (τκ-2) with a float valve (FV0), and environmental protection. Heavy oil additive preparation Cheng Jinghe) and a group of cooling water pump (P-5); and between the water storage tank (τκ-2) and two groups of oil homogenizers (HR-900 and HR-3000) There are four ball valves (BV19, BV11, BV12, BV13), one Y-type filter, (PF-1), four copy valves (CK1~CK4), and two line filters (FT), pH on the road. ). 5. The energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine described in claim 1 of the patent scope, wherein the fuel oil supply unit is provided with an energy-saving device Egg, a liquid level detector LS4 and a temperature detector including a switch TM1. An environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank (TK-5, combined with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending process), a group of fuel oil supply oil chestnuts (P_6), and is provided on the pipeline connecting the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank (TK-5) and the combustion system. Two ball valves (BV17, BV18), one three-way valve (3WV), one gate valve (GV5), one set of flow meters (FM5), and flanged joints (FLG2, FLG3) connected to external lines. 6. For example, please refer to the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine mentioned in the first paragraph of the patent scope. Among them, the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending machine is provided with a selective emulsified heavy oil blending unit, which is part of the energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending unit. Co-opetition is an alternate process unit for customers to choose to use emulsified heavy oil 33 200806926. 7. If the scope of application patent item 6 is ^M ^ Φ JU ^ '1, P this clothing heavy oil blending machine Among them, the ritual heavy oil blending unit includes a group liquid level detector LSI Anglo-Sensor Union into the 0-day B w rw, the Lidu Detector/Terminal switch TM0 heavy oil storage tank, ' /, can be bad and heavy oil Adjust the formula to compile), one attached with a t = seeking two valves and two pipelines through the m, FT2 water storage tank m-2, and environmentally friendly heavy oil additives to adjust the process of competing), a group of heavy oil delivery pumps (P-1, with energy-saving and environmentally friendly heavy oil blending Process competition), a group of water pump (P-4, combined with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending process), a group of oil homogenizers (HR-3000, with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil blending process), and one with a group Electric heater EH2, a set of liquid level switch detector LS4 and temperature detector with switch TM1 emulsified heavy oil storage tank (TK-5, competing with energy-saving and environmentally-friendly heavy oil storage tank); and clean water storage tank TK-2 and oil There are five ball valves (BV19, BV11, BV10, BV9, BV7), one gate valve (GV2), one flow meter (FM2) and one Y-type filter on the pipeline between the product homogenizer HR-3000 ( PF-1); connected to the heavy oil storage tank (TK-1) and the oil homogenizer (HR-3000), there are four ball valves (BV0, BV2, BV4, BV5) and a basket filter ( BKF), one gate valve (GV1), one flow meter (FM1) and one check valve (NV1); one between the oil homogenizer (HR-3000) and the emulsified heavy oil storage tank (TK-5) Valve (BV6). 34